INCOME TAX EXPENSES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

INCOME TAX EXPENSES

17. INCOME TAX EXPENSES

Caymans and BVIs

The Company and its subsidiary, JE Cleantech International Ltd. are domiciled in the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands, respectively. Both localities currently enjoy permanent income tax holidays; accordingly, the Company and JE Cleantech International Ltd. do not accrue for income taxes.

Singapore

The Company’s subsidiary, JCS-Echigo Pte. Ltd. and Hygieia Warewashing Pte. Ltd are considered Singapore tax resident enterprises under Singapore tax laws; accordingly, they are subject to enterprise income tax on their taxable income as determined under Singapore tax laws and accounting standards at a statutory tax rate of 17% (2023: 17%).

The income tax provision consists of the following components:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2022			2023			2024		2024
	SGD’000			SGD’000			SGD’000		USD’000
Income tax:
Current year		289			99			150		110
Under provision of prior years		-			20			-		-
Current Income Tax Expense Benefit		289			119			150		110
Deferred tax:
Current year		(61	)		(47	)		100		73
Under provision of prior years		7			39			-		-
Deferred Income Tax Expense Benefit		(54	)		(8	)		100		73
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)		235			111			250		183

The income tax expense varied from the amount of income tax expense determined by applying the Singapore income tax rate of 17% (2023: 17%) to profit before income tax as a result of the following differences:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2022			2023			2024			2024
	SGD’000			SGD’000			SGD’000			USD’000
Income before tax expenses:		1,427			630			282			208
Tax at the domestic income tax rate		243			107			48			35
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit		27			39			605			443
Under provision in prior years		7			12			-			-
Tax effect of non-taxable incomes		(42	)		(47	)		(403	)		(295	)
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)		235			111			250			183