EX-99.(C)(5) 4 ny20042057x7_exc-5.htm EXHIBIT (C)(5)

Exhibit (c)(5)

 Project Alpha  Discussion Materials for the Special Committee Preliminary | Subject to further review and revision  Technology Investment Banking  December 7, 2024 | Strictly Private and Confidential 
 

 2  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Disclaimer  The following pages contain material provided to the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of Alpha (the “Company”)  by Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (“Citi”) in connection with the proposed transaction involving the Company and Echo.  The accompanying material was compiled or prepared on a confidential basis solely for the use of the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and not with a view toward public disclosure under any securities laws or otherwise. The information contained in the accompanying material was obtained from the Company and other sources. Any estimates and projections contained herein have been prepared or adopted by management of the Company, obtained from public sources, or are based upon such estimates and projections, and involve numerous and significant subjective determinations, and there is no assurance that such estimates and projections will be realized. Citi does not take responsibility for such estimates and projections, or the basis on which they were prepared. No representation or warranty, express or implied, is made as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and nothing contained herein is, or shall be relied upon as, a representation, whether as to the past, the present or the future. In preparing the accompanying material, Citi assumed and relied, without independent verification, upon the accuracy and completeness of all financial and other information and data publicly available or provided to or otherwise reviewed by or discussed with Citi and upon the assurances of the management of the Company, that they are not aware of any relevant information that has been omitted or that remains undisclosed to Citi.  The accompanying material was not prepared for use by readers not as familiar with the Company and Echo as the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and, accordingly, neither the Company nor Citi nor their respective legal or financial advisors or accountants take any responsibility for the accompanying material if used by persons other than the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. The accompanying material is necessarily based upon information available to Citi, and financial, stock market and other conditions and circumstances existing and disclosed to Citi, as of the date of the accompanying material. Citi does not have any obligation to update or otherwise revise the accompanying material. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as legal, tax or accounting advice. 
 

 3  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Source:  Echo’s proposal to Alpha’s Board of Directors on 11/05/2024.  Overview of Echo’s November 5th Unsolicited Proposal  Transaction Consideration  $240 in cash per Alpha share to acquire all outstanding shares of Alpha common stock not already owned by Echo (as of the date of the proposal, Echo owns approximately 57% of the outstanding common stock of Alpha)  Transaction Value  Proposal states a fully diluted equity value of $15.3bn and enterprise value of $15.1bn  Proposal states a 39.0x CY25E LFCF multiple on street consensus estimates and 44.4x FY25 Alpha LFCF as guided by Alpha at their September 17th Investor Day  Proposal cites a 35% premium to Alpha’s “undisturbed” share price of $177.84 on August 6, 2024, and an 8% premium to the “undisturbed” 52-week high of $221.94 through August 6, 2024, the date immediately prior to Echo’s August 7, 2024 earnings call  Earnings Impact  Echo expects impact of proposed transaction with synergies to be neutral to adjusted EPS in fiscal 2025  Financing  Echo will finance from cash on hand, committed lines of credit / or other available sources of financing  ‒ Echo Credit Rating: A (Stable) / A2 (Stable)  Not subject to any financing condition  Diligence  Echo has stated, given their knowledge of Alpha and their close working relationship with the Company, that they are in position to move quickly and do not need to complete additional diligence prior to signing a definitive agreement  Special Committee  Echo will not proceed with the transaction unless a fully empowered special committee, comprising solely independent and disinterested directors appointed by Alpha’s BoD and advised by independent legal and financial advisors, recommends approval of such transaction to the Alpha BoD  Proposed  Structure  Tender offer subject to a non-waivable condition that at least a majority of the Alpha common stock held by minority stockholders be tendered and not withdrawn in accordance with the MFW framework; and thereafter a merger consummated at the same price without further stockholder action  Other Concurrent Echo Announcements  Echo has commenced a process to explore strategic alternatives, including a cash sale, for the Safety & Productivity segment, which  comprises the remaining businesses not related to automation in Echo’s portfolio  Echo plans to repurchase approximately $2bn of its common stock in FY25, with approximately $1bn of the repurchase expected to be completed in the first quarter of FY25 
 

 1. Preliminary Market Perspectives 
 

 5  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  $150  $170  $190  $184  $210  $230  $290  $310  May-22 Aug-22 Nov-22 Feb-23 May-23  Aug-24 Nov-24  Alpha Share Price Performance Since Consummation of 2021 Echo Transaction  Source: FactSet. Market data as of 12/05/2024.  Initial Echo majority acquisition of Alpha closed on 05/16/2022.  “Unaffected date” is 11/04/2024, the last unaffected trading day prior to Echo offer.  Alpha Peers include Autodesk, Bentley Systems, Dassault Systèmes, Nemetschek and PTC.  Alpha beat median of Wall Street analyst consensus on ACV, when excluding Russian impact, and on  Revenue and EPS without adjustment.  “Undisturbed” as quoted by Echo in tender offer press release published on 11/05/2024 and represents Alpha’s closing share price on 08/06/2024.  (5)  Alpha Peers(3): 48%  May 16, 2024  End of “Lock Up Period”  Share Price: $213.88  Sep 17, 2024  Investor Day 2024  Share Price: $233.54  Alpha: 36% ($249.93)  +5% Since Echo Offer  1-Month Average ($237)  Alpha’s Relative Share Price Performance Since Close(1) of Echo Transaction  Earnings Date  Average % Return to Nov 4, 2024   Share Price(2) “Unaffected Date”(2)   Alpha Alpha Alpha Peers(3)  "Unaffected" 1-Month  $237  (1%)  4%  08/06/2024(4) to "Unaffected"  $228  34%  9%  "Unaffected" YTD  $208  8%  6%  Alpha Close to "Unaffected"  $204   Share Price(2)   29%  56%  All-Time High  $256  (7%)  All-Time Low  $162  47%  "Unaffected" 52-Wk High  $241  (1%)  "Unaffected" 52-Wk Low  $163  45%  Pre-market | Aug 7, 2024  Echo Q3 FY24 Earnings  Since 8/6/2024 Average ($228)  Pre-market | Nov 5, 2024  Echo Announces Offer  $240.00 / Share  Share Price: $237.59  YTD Average ($208)  Since Alpha Close Average ($204)  August 6, 2024 Q4 FY24 Earnings Consensus Beat(4) / “Undisturbed Date”(5) Share Price: $177.84  Jul 15, 2024 to Aug 6, 2024  Alpha (10%) vs. IGV (10%)  Aug 6, 2024 to Current  Alpha +41% vs. IGV +37%  $270  Oct 5, 2022  All-Time High  Oct 26, 2022  Q1 2023  Cons. LFCF miss  Apr 26, 2023  Q3 2023 Earnings  Cons. ACV, Revenue, FCF Miss  $250  May 7, 2024  Q3 2024 Earnings Cons. ACV In-line, Revenue Beat  Aug-23 Nov-23 Feb-24 May-24 
 

 6  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  15.0  20.0  25.0  30.0  35.0  40.0  45.0  50.0  55.0  60.0  70.0x  Jan-18  Jun-18  Dec-18  Jun-19  Dec-19  Jun-20  Dec-20  May-23  Nov-23  May-24  Nov-24  2018  2019  Alpha  28.3x  31.1x  33.2x  2023 2024YTD 11/4/2024  34.9x 40.0x  65.0 Autodesk  41.0x  24.6x  32.6x  Bentley  -  40.8x  33.1x 32.9x  39.4x 36.0x  Dassault  37.5x  36.2x  29.8x  Nemetschek  41.5x  45.7x  - 43.6x 55.7x 32.1x 35.0x 43.7x 32.8x  54.6x 55.9x 38.0x  37.1x  PTC  37.2x  27.7x  29.9x 36.6x 26.1x  24.5x  Altair  62.9x  63.0x  69.2x 72.3x  46.2x  Ansys  31.0x  34.1x  37.2x  33.4x  37.5x  51.8x 58.6x 38.5x  41.1x 41.9x  -  Aveva  Technical SW Average  40.7x  38.4x  44.5x 46.7x  Source: FactSet. Market data as of 11/04/2024, Alpha’s unaffected date prior to Echo’s acquisition proposal.  (1)  Technical Software includes Altair, Ansys, Autodesk, AVEVA, Bentley Systems, Dassault Systèmes, Nemetschek, and PTC. Altair included until 10/21/2024 which is the unaffected date prior to rumors of (2) acquisition by Siemens. Ansys included until 12/21/2023 which is the unaffected date prior to rumors of (3)  acquisition by Synopsys. AVEVA included until 08/23/2022 which is the unaffected date prior to  announcement of acquisition by Schneider Electric.  Multiples greater than 100.0x deemed not meaningful, “NM”.  Averages do not include acquired companies after their unaffected dates disclosed in footnote 1.  Alpha and Technical Software LFCF Multiples Over Time  Alpha 40.0x  Technical  SW(1)  33.0x  Equity Value / NTM LFCF Since January 2018 to “Unaffected” Date (Research Consensus Estimates)  Average Alpha NTM LFCF Multiple  Prior to Initial Echo Acquisition  30.1x  Oct 11, 2021 to May 16, 2022  Initial Echo Acquisition Announcement to Close  Jun-21 Dec-21 Jun-22 Nov-22  Average Technical SW NTM LFCF Multiple Since Close of Initial Echo Acquisition  35.7x  Average Alpha NTM LFCF Multiple  Since Close of Initial Echo Acquisition  35.1x  Average Multiple(1)  2020 2021 2022  28.7x 33.2x 36.2x  31.2x 34.8x 24.3x  Average Technical SW NTM LFCF Multiple Prior to Initial Echo Acquisition  42.1x  NM(2)  “Unaffected”  32.0x(3)  26.2x  35.3x(3)  31.3x 27.1x  41.6x 43.2x  26.7x 26.0x  51.7x -  - -  - -  37.1x(3) 33.0x  Technical SW index declined by ~4x upon the exclusion of Altair starting Oct 21, 2024. Including Altair’s unaffected multiple would increase the Technical SW average of 33.0x on Nov 4, 2024 to 36.7x. 
 

 2. Preliminary Perspectives on Value 
 

 8  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Illustrative Financial Forecast Overview  Preliminary Management Case vs. Wall Street Consensus  ACV  $ in millions  Revenue  $ in millions  Adj. EBITDA (Pre-SBC)  $ in millions  Preliminary Management Case Consensus (Mean)  $885  $933  $1,019  $1,109  $1,212  $1,035  $1,156  $1,299  $1,469  $1,669  $1,898  FY25E  FY26E  FY27E  FY28E  FY29E  FY30E  $1,044  $1,127  $1,192  $1,283  $1,394  $1,236  $1,217  $1,472  $1,713  $1,974  $2,241  FY25E  FY26E  FY27E  FY28E  FY29E  FY30E  $401  $463  $528  $583  $658  $569  $520  $741  $945  $1,167  $1,322  FY23A FY24A  Mgmt. Growth %  12% 5%  Consensus Growth %  12%  Growth Variance  --  -- 4% (9%) 12%  Levered Free Cash Flow (Pre-SBC)  $ in millions  FY23A FY24A FY25E FY26E FY27E FY28E FY29E FY30E  $306  $336  $477  $360  $480  $501  $638  $735  $342 $411  FY23A FY24A FY25E FY26E  $834  FY27E  FY28E  FY29E  FY30E  11%  12%  12%  13%  14%  14%  5%  9%  9%  9%  NA  NA  NA  1%  --  2%  3%  3%  NA  NA  NA  Growth Variance  --  FY23A FY24A  Mgmt. Growth %  1% 8%  Consensus Growth %  8%  10%  (1%)  21%  16%  15%  13%  6%  8%  9%  NA  NA  NA  NA  Mgmt. Margin (ACV-based) %  45% 50% 55%  Consensus Margin (ACV-based) %  45% 50% 52%  Margin Variance  -- -- 3%  Source: Alpha Management, Wall Street Research.  45%  57%  64%  70%  70%  53% 54% NA NA NA  (8%) 3% NA NA NA  Mgmt. Margin (ACV-based) %  35% 36% 35%  Consensus Margin (ACV-based) %  35% 36% 34%  Margin Variance  -- -- 1%  42%  39%  43%  44%  44%  37%  39%  NA  NA  NA  5%  (1%)  NA  NA  NA  Note: Fiscal year ending June 30. Preliminary Management Case includes acquisition of Open Grid Systems announced 11/04/2024.  Long-term guidance based on September 2024 Investor Day presentation.  Management FY25E guidance inclusive of $10mm in estimated Russia exit costs and $8mm in estimated Restructuring costs.  FY25 Guidance:  ~$1,017mm / 9% Growth  FY25 Guidance:  ~$1,190mm  LT Guidance(1): High Single – Low Double Digit Growth  NA NA  LT Guidance(1): 40-43% LFCF Margin  / Mid-Teens Growth  FY25 Guidance:  ~$340mm(2) / 33% LFCF Margin 
 

 9  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  ($ in Millions, Except per Share Data)  Offer Price Current  Current Stock Price  Premium / (Discount) to:  (11/05/24)  (12/05/24)  $240.00  $249.93  $260.00  $270.00  $280.00  $290.00  $300.00  $249.93  (4%)  --  4%  8%  12%  16%  20%  Current (12/05/24) Unaffected (11/04/24)  Average Since First Trading (05/17/22 - 11/04/24) Unaffected 52-Week High (10/30/24)  Unaffected 52-Week Low (11/09/23)  237.59  203.93  240.83  163.41  1  18  (0)  47  5  23  4  53  9  27  8  59  14  32  12  65  18  37  16  71  22  42  20  77  26  47  25  84  177.84  35  41  46  52  57  63  69  Implied Equity Value  $15,366  $16,006  $16,655  $17,299  $17,943  $18,587  $19,231  Memo: Implied Equity Value of Remaining Stake  $6,652  $6,932  $7,215  $7,496  $7,777  $8,058  $8,339  $15,201  $15,840  $16,489  $17,133  $17,777  $18,422  $19,066  14.9x  14.9  Metric  $1,236 1,239  1,230  12.3x  12.3  12.4  12.8x  12.8  12.9  13.3x  13.3  13.4  13.9x  13.8  13.9  14.4x  14.4  14.5  15.4x  15.4  15.5  Enterprise Value / Revenue FY2025E  NTM (as of 09/30/24) CY2025E  Equity Value / LFCF FY2025E  NTM (as of 09/30/24) CY2025E  $360 376  398  42.7x  40.9  38.6  44.5x  42.6  40.2  46.3x  44.3  41.8  48.0x  46.0  43.4  49.8x  47.7  45.1  51.6x  49.4  46.7  53.4x  51.1  48.3  $1,192 1,239  1,249  12.8x  12.3  12.2  13.3x  12.8  12.7  13.8x  13.3  13.2  14.4x  13.8  13.7  14.9x  14.3  14.2  15.5x  14.9  14.7  16.0x  15.4  15.3  Enterprise Value / Revenue FY2025E  NTM (as of 09/30/24) CY2025E  Equity Value / LFCF FY2025E  NTM (as of 09/30/24) CY2025E  $342 381  418  44.9x  40.4  36.8  46.8x  42.0  38.3  48.7x  43.7  39.8  50.6x  45.4  41.4  52.5x  47.1  42.9  54.3x  48.8  44.5  56.2x  50.5  46.0  For Reference : Undisturbed, per Echo (08/06/24)(1)  Implied Enterprise Value(2)  Source:  Note:  (1)  Alpha Management, Public Filings, FactSet, Wall Street Research. Market data as of 12/05/2024.  52-week high and low based on at close prices. Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 09/30/2024, (2) includes: 63mm common, 0.7mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.49), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding.  “Undisturbed” as quoted by Echo in tender offer press release published on 11/05/2024 and represents Alpha’s closing share price on 08/06/2024.  Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include $172mm in cash & equivalents (based on 09/30/2024 balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability.  Illustrative Analysis at Various Prices  Alpha Management Case  Consensus Case  Oct-2115.0  Acq.: 14.8x  Oct-21 Acq.: 37.4x 
 

 10  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  $185 $186  $264  $286  $198 $204  $198 $209  $247 $247  $263 $269  $275  Alpha Illustrative Implied Discounted Future Share Price(1)  Unaffected  Share Price:  $237.59  Analysis applies illustrative 30.0x – 40.0x Equity Value / NTM LFCF multiples (unaffected multiple of 40.0x)  Future share price and cumulative excess cash per share discounted at assumed 12.2% Cost of Equity  Key Assumptions  Source: Note: (1)  Alpha Management, FactSet. Market data as of 12/05/2024. Unaffected share price as of 11/04/2024.  Future share price rounded to nearest dollar. Share price discounted back to present.  Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 09/30/2024, includes: 63mm common, 0.7mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.49), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Assumes additional dilution from forecasted stock-based compensation.  Discounted cumulative excess cash per share rounded to the nearest $0.05. Excess cash defined as cash above PF balance at 09/30/2024 of $172mm.  (2)  ($mm, except per share)  30.0x  $215 $230 (Low)  Illustrative Equity Value / NTM LFCF  $301 40.0x  (High)  Shown for illustrative and informational reference purposes and not as an indication of actual future trading prices or other results which will be affected by various factors, including financial  performance and market conditions. This reflects an arithmetic exercise assuming the Company’s shares trade at an illustrative multiple range and the Company achieves Management’s forecast.  Illustrative Present Value of Alpha’s Future Share Price Analysis  12/31/2024  12/31/2025  12/31/2026  12/31/2027  Undiscounted Price Range  $187 - $249  $224 - $298  $252 - $336  $306 - $407  NTM ACV  $1,078  $1,221  $1,370  $1,551  NTM Revenue  $1,230  $1,356  $1,571  $1,850  NTM LFCF  $398  $480  $543  $664  Ending Cash Balance  $193  $591  $1,071  $1,614  Discounted Cumulative Excess Cash per Share(2)  $0.30  $5.75  $10.95  $15.55  Discounted Future Share Price  Discounted Future Share Price incl. Cumulative Excess Cash per Share(2) 
 

 11  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Discounted Cash Flow Analysis  5.75 year DCF; present value date as of 09/30/2024  Discount rate range of 11.2% to 12.4%  Perpetuity growth rate range of 6.0% to 8.0%  Selected Precedent Transactions Analysis  - Equity Value / NTM LFCF multiple range of 37.4x to 50.0x  - NTM LFCF (09/30/2024) of $376mm  Selected Public Companies Analysis  Equity Value / CY25 LFCF multiple range of 30.0x to 40.0x  CY2025 LFCF of $398mm  52-Week Trading Range  (For Reference Only)  - As of 11/04/2024 (unaffected date)  - 52-week low of $163.41 (11/09/2023)  - 52-week high of $240.83 (10/30/2024)  1  Analysts' Stock Price Targets  (For Reference Only)  As of 11/04/2024 (unaffected date)  High and low undiscounted broker price targets  Dotted box: high and low discounted broker price targets,  1discounted by 12 months at 12.2% cost of equity  Selected Precedent Squeeze Out Total Bump %  (For Reference Only)  1st and 3rd quartile selected squeeze out total bump from initial offer (8.3% and 18.7%)  Applied to initial Echo offer price of $240.00  8.2x  -  15.5x  27.3x  - 51.5x  11.2x  -  15.0x  37.4x  - 50.0x  9.5x  -  12.7x  31.8x  - 42.4x  8.3x  -  12.3x  27.8x  - 41.0x  11.1x  -  13.6x  36.9x  - 45.1x  13.3x  -  14.6x  44.3x  - 48.5x  Implied Multiples  Enterprise Value / NTM Revenue  Equity Value / NTM LFCF  Methodology Assumptions Implied Equity Value Per Share ($)(1)  $161  $220  $187  $163  $217  $260  $302  $293  $249  $241  $265  $285  $193  $236  Source: Alpha Management, FactSet, Public Filings. Market data as of 12/05/2024.  Note: Valuation date as of 09/30/2024. Assumes mid-year discounting. Share price rounded to nearest dollar.  (1) Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 09/30/2024, includes: 63mm common, 0.7mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.49), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include  $172mm in cash & equivalents (based on 09/30/2024 balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability.  Preliminary Alpha Valuation Summary  Echo Proposal Price: $240.00 
 

 12  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Source: Alpha Management, FactSet, Public Filings. Market data as of 12/05/2024.  Note: Valuation date as of 9/30/2024. Assumes mid-year discounting. Share price rounded to nearest dollar.  Terminal year cash tax assumes zero change in deferred tax liability, assumes D&A equal to Capex. Cash tax impact of remaining DTLs in FY31 to FY33 results in reduction in implied Enterprise Value at ($88mm at midpoint WACC).  Terminal change in NWC based on average of change in NWC and interest income for FY28-FY30, less terminal  interest income.  (3)  Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 09/30/2024, includes: 63mm common, 0.7mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.49), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include $172mm in cash & equivalents (based on 09/30/2024 balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability.  At midpoint discount rate and perpetuity growth rate. Variables sensitized in years 2026E through to terminal year.  (4)  Unlevered Free Cash Flow Profile  Illustrative Sensitivity Analysis  Illustrative Discounted Cash Flow Analysis – Mgmt. LRP   Perpetuity Growth Rate Perpetuity Growth Rate Perpetuity Growth Rate   6.0% 7.0% 8.0%  Implied Equity Value Per Share(3)  6.0% 7.0% 8.0%  Implied Terminal UFCF Multiple (Pre-SBC)  6.0% 7.0% 8.0%  Terminal Value as a  % of Enterprise Value  Discount Rate  11.2%  $198  $238  $302  11.8  177  208  255  12.4  161  185  220  20.2x  25.2x  33.3x  82.1%  85.1%  88.4%  18.2  22.2  28.3  80.3  83.2  86.4  16.5  19.8  24.5  78.5  81.4  84.4  Variable Equity Value per Share Sensitivity(4)  ACV Growth (+/- 100 bps)  UFCF % of ACV  (+/- 100 bps)  ($8.25)  ($4.45)  $8.50  $4.45  9 Months Ended  Fiscal Year Ended June 30,  Terminal  ($ mm)  6/30/2025  2026E  2027E  2028E  2029E  2030E  Year  Memo: ACV  $1,035  $1,156  $1,299  $1,469  $1,669  $1,898  $1,898  % Growth  11.0%  11.6%  12.4%  13.1%  13.7%  13.7%  Revenue  $1,020  $1,217  $1,472  $1,713  $1,974  $2,241  $2,241  % Growth  16.1%  (1.5%)  20.9%  16.3%  15.3%  13.5%  Adj. EBITDA  $519  $520  $741  $945  $1,167  $1,322  $1,322  % Margin  50.9%  42.7%  50.3%  55.2%  59.1%  59.0%  59.0%  (–) SBC  (40)  (57)  (56)  (57)  (56)  (56)  (56)  Adj. EBITDA (Post-SBC)  $479  $463  $684  $888  $1,111  $1,265  $1,265  % Margin  46.9%  38.1%  46.5%  51.9%  56.3%  56.5%  56.5%  Memo: Income Before Tax  $166  $122  $336  $551  $793  $954  $958  % Margin  16.3%  10.0%  22.8%  32.2%  40.2%  42.6%  (–) Cash Tax  (91)  (120)  (153)  (179)  (223)  (248)  (193)(1)  % Tax Rate  54.7%  98.4%  45.4%  32.5%  28.1%  26.0%  20.1%  (+) Interest Income from Revenue Rec.  46  53  50  54  64  64  64  (-) Operational Amortization  (0)  (1)  (1)  (1)  (1)  (1)  (1)  (–) Increase in NWC  (93)  45  (119)  (164)  (257)  (287)  (240)(2)  (–) Capital Expenditures  (13)  (16)  (15)  (15)  (15)  (15)  (15)  Unlevered Free Cash Flow (Post-SBC)  $327  $425  $446  $582  $679  $778  $882  % Growth  37.5%  5.0%  30.6%  16.7%  14.6%  % of ACV  31.6%  36.7%  34.3%  39.6%  40.7%  41.0%  46.5% 
 

 13  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  10/30/24  Altair Engineering  Siemens  $10.1  $10.6  14.4x  62.2x  69.7x  9%  20%  23%  22%  02/15/24  Altium  Renesas  5.7  5.9  15.9  42.8  61.2  20  30  37  27  01/16/24  Ansys  Synopsys  34.8  34.6  14.0  31.1  45.5  10  14  45  31  06/28/23  ESI  Keysight  1.0  1.0  6.7  30.2  53.1  4  NM  22  12  09/21/22  Aveva  Schneider Electric  (2)  11.9  11.5  7.2  24.9  33.4  7  37  29  21  10/11/21  Alpha  Echo  10.8  10.9  14.8  27.3  37.4  2  4  54  40  1.5  1.6  4.8  21.7  49.1  26  NM  22  10  Mean  11.1x  34.3x  49.9x  11%  21%  33%  23%  Median  14.0  30.2  49.1  9  20  29  22  Implied Share Price  Selected Range Implied Equity Value Implied Share Price(4)  (US$ in billio ns)  Enterprise Value  Equity Value  NTM  NTM  NTM  Growth  Margin  Date Target Acquiror  Enterprise Value  Equity Value  Revenue  EBITDA  LFCF  Revenue  LFCF  EBITDA  LFCF  $15.2  $15.4  12.3x  26.5x  40.4x  13%  22%  46%  31%  02/13/20  RIB  (3)  Schneider Electric  of 09/30/2024.  Implied multiples based on a $240 share price for Alpha and based on consensus estimates as outlined in the note. Metrics related to offer are not included in mean or median.  Schneider acquired the ~40% of AVEVA it did not already own.  Schneider launched voluntary takeover offer on 02/13/2020 and completed on 10/07/2020 . Share price rounded to the nearest $1.00.  (1)  Source: Alpha Management, FactSet, Public Filings, Wall Street Research.  Note: Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 09/30/2024, includes: 63mm common, 0.7mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.49), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Alpha bridge to enterprise  value adjustments include $172mm in cash & equivalents (based on Q1 FY25 10-Q balance pro-forma (2) for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability. Consensus estimates (3) based on time-weighted annual average of brokers available to Citi. Alpha 11/05/2024 offer NTM as (4)  Selected Precedent Transaction Analysis  (1)  (1)  (1)  Initial Echo offer announced on November 5, 2024  11/05/24 Alpha Echo  Metric  Low  High  Low  High  Low  High  Alpha Mgmt. NTM LFCF (9/30/2024)  $376  37.4x  - 50.0x  $14,231  -  $18,970  $220  -  $293  Alpha Mgmt. NTM Revenue (9/30/2024)  $1,239  14.0x  For Reference Only  - 14.8x  $17,343  $18,334  $271  -  $286 
 

 14  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  12.2x  10.6x  11.0x  9.8x  6.8x  9.9x  11.6x  10.7x  Median: 9.9x  36.8x  36.4x  38.2x  43.5x  36.5x  32.9x  29.2x  27.5x  56.6x  37.0x  Median: 32.9x   Selected Range    Implied Equity Value   Metric  Low  High  Low  High  Low  High  Alpha Mgmt. CY2025 LFCF  $398  30.0x  - 40.0x  $11,948  -  $15,930  $187  -  $249  (2)  Engineering Software Peers  EQUITY VALUE / CY2025E LFCF  ENTERPRISE VALUE ($bn)  EQUITY VALUE ($bn)  CY25E  REV ($mm)  CY25E REV GROWTH ($mm)  CY25E LFCF MARGIN %  CY25E LFCF  GROWTH %  CY25E RULE OF X(3)  Alpha  Consensus @$237.59  (1)  Selected Public Companies Analysis  “For Reference”  ENTERPRISE VALUE / CY2025E REVENUE  28.4x – 36.5x  (Q1 – Q3)  9.8x – 10.6x  (Q1 – Q3)  Alpha  Management @$237.59  Implied Share Price  Implied Share Price (4)  Alpha  Consensus @$240.00  “Echo Offer”  “For Reference”  “Unaffected Price”  (11/4/24)  “Echo Offer”  “Unaffected Price”  (11/4/24)  12.0x 12.2x  (2)  Alpha  Consensus  @$237.59  (1)  Alpha  Management  @$237.59  Alpha  Consensus  @$240.00  Median  $15.2  $15.0  $15.0  $12.8  $16.5  $67.7  $47.9  $26.0  $26.0  $8.3  $29.2  $15.4  $15.2  $15.2  $12.3  $15.1  $67.4  $48.9  $24.5  $24.5  $8.8  $29.1  $1,249  $1,249  $1,230  $1,207  $1,502  $6,908  $7,073  $2,629  $2,629  $713  $2,720  10%  10%  7%  16%  11%  13%  6%  14%  13%  9%  9%  33%  33%  32%  23%  28%  30%  24%  34%  28%  22%  29%  48%  48%  31%  22%  10%  37%  6%  16%  16%  23%  7%  44%  44%  40%  40%  38%  42%  30%  48%  40%  31%  38%  Source:  Note:  FactSet, Alpha Management and Public Filings, Wall Street Research. Market data as of 12/05/2024.  Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 09/30/24, includes: 63mm common, 0.7mm options (weighted average  strike price: $142.49), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include  $172mm in cash & equivalents (based on Q1 FY25 10-Q balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems),  $7mm in net post-tax pension liability. Consensus estimates based on four-quarter sum averages of brokers  available to Citi. Calendarized metrics are used in absence of quarterly data.  Altair metrics represent unaffected metrics prior to rumors on 10/21/2024.  Ansys metrics represent unaffected metrics prior to rumors on 12/21/2023.  Rule of X represents Revenue Growth + LFCF Margin.  Share price rounded to the nearest $1.00. 
 

 15  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Pre  Pre  Post  Current  Broker  Date  Rating  4Q  Earnings  Investor  Day  Investor  Day  Price  Target  Premium /  (Discount)  Methodology  11/5/24 Buy  $235  $225  $260  $260  4.0%  EB ITDA M ultiple:  25.0x EV / CY26 EB ITDA  11/4/24 Buy  $217  $204  $260  $260  4.0%  LFCF M ultiple:  36.0x EV / FY27 LFCF  11/5/24 Buy  $230  $250  $250  $250  0.0%  LFCF M ultiple:  38.0x P / FY26 LFCF  11/6/24 Hold  $255  $250  0.0%  LFCF M ultiple:  36.0x EV / CY25 LFCF  11/5/24  Hold  $180  $200 $217  (4.0%)  LFCF M ultiple:  34.0x EV / CY25 LFCF  11/4/24 Hold  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  LFCF M ultiple:  37.5x EV/ FY26 LFCF  11/5/24  Hold  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA  LFCF M ultiple:  37.5x EV / CY25 LFCF  11/5/24 Hold NA NA NA NA  NA  LFCF M ultiple:  39.0x EV / CY25 LFCF  88%  13%  Broker Valuation Summary Broker Recommendations  Source: FactSet, Wall Street Research. Market data as of 12/05/2024.  Note: (1)  52-week high / low as of daily market closing price.  “Unaffected” broker targets are as of 11/05/2024, using research published prior to announcement  of Echo offer.  Valuation methodology used for “fair value”.  Midpoint of “fair value” range.  Approximate trading range based on William Blair LFCF estimate.  Selected Analyst Research Summary  N=8  LFCF  Multiple  EBITDA  Multiple  38%  63%  N=8  Buy  Hold  Broke  r Range  52-Week Low  $172.90  52-Week High  $250.94  Broker Average  $250.40  Current Price  $249.93  (3)  (4)  $249.93  Current Trading Price  (2)  Investor Day:  9/17/2024  Mean: $223 $226 $250 $252  Δ Current: 11.9% 10.7% (0.2%) (0.8%)  Includes Takeover Premium in Valuation  Post Echo Offer  $265 $250  Post Echo Offer  $240  “Unaffected”  Broker Max(1)  $265.00  Broker Max  $260.00  “Unaffected”  Broker Min(1)  $217.00  Broker Min  $240.00 
 

 16  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Source: Citi Deal Intelligence (Thompson SDC), Deal Point Data, FactSet, Public Filings.  Note: Selected announced US transactions since January 1, 2010, with Acquiror existing ownership >50%. Includes 100% cash deals only.  Excludes transactions where acquiror is a financial sponsor.  (1) Represents share price in GBP.  Selected All-Cash US Minority Squeeze-Outs  Ann. Date  Acquiror  Target  Structure % Stake  Acquired  Equity Value ($mm)  # Days Initial Offer to Ann.  Offer Price  Per Share  Initial Final  Initial Final  Offer Offer Prem to Prem to Unaffect. Unaffect.  Offer Price Per Share  Progression (% Change)  Bump Summary  Initial  1 to 2 2 to 3 3 to 4  4 to 5  #  Total Avg. (%)  to 1  (%)  Aug-23  Light & Wonder Inc  SciPlay Corp  Vote  17%  $436  82  $20.00  $22.95  29%  47%  8%  3%  2%  1%  --  4  15%  4%  Oct-22  Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.  Myovant Sciences Ltd.  Vote  48  1,700  23  22.75  27.00  27  50  11  4  2  1  --  4  19  4  Nov-21  Geneve Holdings Inc  Independence Holding Co  Tender  38  294  72  50.00  57.00  19  36  12  2  --  --  --  2  14  7  Aug-21  Banco Santander, S.A.  Santander Consumer USA Holdings Inc.  Tender  20  2,358  53  39.00  41.50  7  14  2  4  --  --  --  2  6  3  Aug-20  Ionis Pharmaceuticals  Akcea Therapeutics Inc  Tender  24  442  12  16.00  18.15  41  59  6  4  2  --  --  3  13  4  Feb-20  KYOCERA Corp  AVX Corp  Tender  28  923  86  19.50  21.75  30  45  5  2  4  --  --  3  12  4  Jul-19  Sonic Financial Corp  Speedway Motorsports Inc  Tender  28  205  92  18.00  19.75  29  42  7  3  --  --  --  2  10  5  May-19  NASCAR Media Group LLC  International Speedway Corp  Tender  16  475  194  42.00  45.00  8  15  1  2  1  1  1  5  7  1  May-19  Employers Mutual Casualty Co  EMC Insurance Group Inc  Tender  46  295  174  30.00  36.00  25  50  10  9  --  --  --  2  20  10  Jun-18  Roche Holding AG  Foundation Medicine Inc  Tender  43  2,132  4  133.00  137.00  30  34  2  1  1  --  --  3  3  1  Jul-16  American Financial Group Inc  National Interstate Corp  Vote  49  291  141  30.00  32.50  33  44  2  4  2  --  --  3  8  3  Mar-13  Danfoss A/S  Sauer-Danfoss Inc  Tender  24  579  93  49.00  58.50  (7)  11  10  5  2  --  --  3  19  6  Apr-11  CNA Financial Corporation  CNA Surety Corporation  Tender  39  371  171  22.00  26.55  14  38  15  4  1  0  --  4  21  5  Mean  32%  $808  92  $37.79  $41.82  22%  37%  7%  4%  2%  1%  1%  3  13%  4%  Median  28  442  86  30.00  32.50  27  42  7  4  2  1  1  3  13  4  Nov-22 Schneider Electric SE AVEVA Group plc Vote 41 11,461 65 31.00 (1) 32.25 (1) 41 47 4 -- -- -- -- 1 4 4  For Reference Only (non-US): 
 

 Appendix: Supporting Materials 
 

 18  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Source: Alpha Management, FactSet, Wall Street Research.  Note: (1)  Fiscal year ending June 30. Preliminary Management Case includes acquisition of Open Grid Systems announced 11/04/2024.  Individual broker estimates shown represent Adj. EBIT. Implied Consensus Adj. EBITDA calculated using Mean Adj. EBIT with D&A adjustment of 0.6% of revenue (based on average of LTM D&A as of 9/30/2024).  Benchmarking Selected Broker Estimates Against Management Figures  2025E  2026E  2027E  2025E  2026E  2027E  Berenberg  11/6/2024  Neutral  $265  $250  $344  $435  $480  Baird  11/5/2024  Outperform  250  250  342  413  BofA  11/5/2024  Buy  260  260  $1,026  346  421  517  Piper Sandler  11/5/2024  Neutral  217  240  1,017  $1,113  $1,230  340  424  482  William Blair  11/5/2024  Neutral  NA  NA  KeyBanc  11/4/2024  Neutral  NA  NA  1,019  1,112  340  391  Loop Capital  11/4/2024  Buy  260  260  1,017  1,109  1,208  Wolfe Research  11/4/2024  Neutral  NA  NA  1,017  1,104  1,198  340  383  428  Mean ("Consensus")  $250  $252  $1,019  $1,109  $1,212  $342  $411  $477  % Growth  9%  9%  9%  2%  20%  16%  % ACV-based Margin  34  37  39  Management Case  $1,035  $1,156  $1,299  $360  $480  $501  % Growth  11%  12%  12%  7%  33%  4%  % Growth Variance vs. Consensus  2  3  3  5  13  (12)  % ACV-based Margin  35  42  39  % ACV-based Margin Variance vs. Consensus  1  5  (1)  $ in millions, Fiscal Year Ending June 30  Target Price ACV Levered Free Cash Flow  Broker Name Date Rec Pre-Ann. Post-Ann.  Revenue  Broker Name Methodology  2025E  2026E  2027E  2025E  2026E  2027E  Berenberg 36x next-year LFCF  $1,194  $1,307  $1,430  $514  $564  $615  Baird ~38x Price / FY26 LFCF  1,195  1,305  514  567  617  BofA 25x EV / CY26E EBITDA  1,196  1,278  1,413  557  606  669  Piper Sandler 34x CY25E LFCF  1,190  1,281  1,382  514  581  645  William Blair NA  1,189  1,278  1,374  519  578  KeyBanc NA  1,190  1,250  513  589  679  Loop Capital ~36x EV / FY27 LFCF and ~12x EV / FY27E Revenue  1,192  1,284  1,392  521  540  Wolfe Research NA  1,190  1,279  1,375  520  583  674  Memo: Adj. EBIT Mean ("Consensus")  $521  $576  $650  (+) D&A  7  7  8  Mean ("Consensus")  $1,192  $1,283  $1,394  $528  $583  $658  % Growth  6%  8%  9%  14%  10%  13%  % ACV-based Margin  52  53  54  Management Case  $1,236  $1,217  $1,472  $569  $520  $741  % Growth  10%  (1%)  21%  23%  (9%)  42%  % Growth Variance vs. Consensus  4  (9)  12  9  (19)  30  % ACV-based Margin  55  45  57  % ACV-based Margin Variance vs. Consensus  3  (8)  3  Adjusted EBITDA(1) 
 

 19  PRELIMINARY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER REVIEW AND REVISION  Source: Bloomberg, FactSet, Public Filings. Market data as of 12/05/2024. Alpha market data as of 11/04/2024.  Note: Alpha beta is as of the last 5 years, but excludes period between the announcement of Echo’s acquisition of Heritage Alpha and one-day before New Alpha’s first trading date.  Illustrative Alpha WACC Analysis  Cost of Equity: 6.3% Equity Market Risk Premium  7.2% Equity Market Risk Premium  11.4 –  12.4 –  12.0 %  13.1 %  Risk Free Rate (20-Year CMT Bond):  4.4 %  Assumed Equity Market Risk Premium - low:  6.3 %  Assumed Equity Market Risk Premium - high:  7.2 %  Relevered Equity Beta:  Unlevered Asset Beta:  Selected “Standard” Beta Measurement Period (Years):  1.11 –  1.20  1.11  5  – Implied Net Debt / Equity Ratio:  0.0 –  11.1 %   WACC Calculation Inputs   Target Capital Structure (Net Debt / Total Capital):  0.0  –  10.0  %  Median Capital Structure of Selected Companies:  3.1 %  After-Tax Cost of Debt:  4.0  %  Expected Long-Term Yield:  – Current Statutory Marginal Tax Rate:  5.1 %  20.0  %  Small Cap Risk Premium: High Yield Issuer? (Y / N)  0.0 % N  Weighted Average Cost of Capital:  11.2 –  12.4 %  6.3% Equity Market Risk Premium  11.4 –  11.2 %  7.2% Equity Market Risk Premium  12.4 –  12.2 %  * Beta estimation period differs from standard period of 5 years used in the analysis  The low end of the WACC is based upon the low end of the equity market risk premium (6.3%) and the high end of the net debt / total capital ratio. The high end is based on the high end of the equity market risk premium (7.2%) and the low end of the capital structure.  Median  $394  $24,544  3.1%  5.1%  Alpha  (166)  15,211  (1.1)  20.0  N/A  Cost of Equity-Related Metrics  Adjusted Equity Beta (Bloomberg)  Beta Estimation Period (Yrs)  High Yield Issuer  Debt Beta  Unlevering Tax Rate  Unlevered Asset Beta  Autodesk, Inc.  1.211  5.0  0.0  25.0%  1.207  Bentley Systems, Inc.  1.270  4.2  *  0.0  25.0  1.191  Dassault Systèmes SE  1.031  5.0  0.0  25.0  1.047  Nemetschek SE  1.486  5.0  0.0  30.0  1.454  PTC, Inc.  1.252  5.0  Y  0.3  25.0  1.211  Median  1.252  1.207  Alpha  1.095  4.4  *  0.0  20.0  1.105  Cost of Net Debt-Related Metrics  Capital Structure  Value of Net Debt  Market Value of Equity  Net Debt / Total Capital Ratio  Current Statutory Marginal Tax Rate  Long Term Yield  Autodesk, Inc.  $326  $67,408  0.5%  25.0%  4.8%  Bentley Systems, Inc.  1,334  15,142  8.1  25.0  N/A  Dassault Systèmes SE  (1,011)  48,925  (2.1)  25.0  N/A  Nemetschek SE  394  12,373  3.1  30.0  N/A  PTC, Inc.  1,487  24,544  5.7  25.0  5.3