EX-99.(C)(10) 9 ny20042057x7_exc-10.htm EXHIBIT (C)(10)

Exhibit (c)(10)

 Discussion Materials for the Special Committee  Project Alpha  Technology Investment Banking  January 26, 2025 | Strictly Private and Confidential 
 

 2  Disclaimer  The following pages contain material provided to the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of Alpha (the “Company”)  by Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (“Citi”) in connection with the proposed transaction involving the Company and Echo.  The accompanying material was compiled or prepared on a confidential basis solely for the use of the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and not with a view toward public disclosure under any securities laws or otherwise. The information contained in the accompanying material was obtained from the Company and other sources. Any estimates and projections contained herein have been prepared or adopted by management of the Company, obtained from public sources, or are based upon such estimates and projections, and involve numerous and significant subjective determinations, and there is no assurance that such estimates and projections will be realized. Citi does not take responsibility for such estimates and projections, or the basis on which they were prepared. No representation or warranty, express or implied, is made as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and nothing contained herein is, or shall be relied upon as, a representation, whether as to the past, the present or the future. In preparing the accompanying material, Citi assumed and relied, without independent verification, upon the accuracy and completeness of all financial and other information and data publicly available or provided to or otherwise reviewed by or discussed with Citi and upon the assurances of the management of the Company, that they are not aware of any relevant information that has been omitted or that remains undisclosed to Citi.  The accompanying material was not prepared for use by readers not as familiar with the Company and Echo as the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company and, accordingly, neither the Company nor Citi nor their respective legal or financial advisors or accountants take any responsibility for the accompanying material if used by persons other than the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. The accompanying material is necessarily based upon information available to Citi, and financial, stock market and other conditions and circumstances existing and disclosed to Citi, as of the date of the accompanying material. Citi does not have any obligation to update or otherwise revise the accompanying material. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as legal, tax or accounting advice. 
 

 3  Share Price  $237.59  $255.16  $265.00  Premium / (Discount) to:  Current (01/24/25)  $255.16  (7%)  --  4%  "Unaffected" (11/04/24)  237.59  --  7  12  VWAP Since First Trading (05/17/22 - 11/04/24)  202.33  17  26  31  "Unaffected" 52-Week High (10/30/24)  240.83  (1)  6  10  "Unaffected" 52-Week Low (11/09/23)  163.41  45  56  62  For Reference : "Undisturbed", per Echo (08/06/24)(1)  177.84  34  43  49  Implied Equity Value  $15,222  $16,354  $16,989  Memo: Implied Equity Value of Remaining Stake  $6,595  $7,090  $7,367  Implied Enterprise Value (2)  $15,056  $16,188  $16,822  ($ in Millions, Except per Share Data)  "Unaffected" (11/04/24)  Current (01/24/25)  Merger Consideration  Enterprise Value / Revenue  FY2025E  NTM (as of 12/31/24) / CY2025E  Metric  $1,236 1,235  12.2x  12.2  13.1x  13.1  13.6x  13.6  Equity Value / LFCF  FY2025E  NTM (as of 12/31/24) / CY2025E  $360  382  42.3x  39.8  45.4x  42.8  47.2x  44.4  $1,192  1,249  12.6x  12.1  13.6x  13.0  14.1x  13.5  Enterprise Value / Revenue  FY2025E  NTM (as of 12/31/24) / CY2025E  Equity Value / LFCF FY2025E  NTM (as of 12/31/24) / CY2025E  $342  418  44.5x  36.4  47.8x  39.1  49.7x  40.6  Source: Alpha Management, Public Filings, FactSet, Wall Street Research. Market data as of 01/24/2025.  Note:  Fiscal year ending June 30. 52-week high and low based on closing prices. Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 01/17/2025, includes: 63mm common, 0.6mm options (weighted average strike price:  $142.53), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding.  “Undisturbed” as quoted by Echo in tender offer press release published on 11/05/2024 and represents  (1)  Alpha’s closing share price on 08/06/2024.  Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include $173mm in cash & equivalents (based on 12/31/2024 balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability.  (2)  Implied Transaction Metrics  Alpha Management Case  Consensus Case 
 

 4  $150  $170  $190  $210  $230  $250  $270  $290  $310  May-22 Aug-22 Nov-22 Feb-23 May-23  Jul-23  Jul-24 Oct-24 Jan-25  Alpha Share Price Performance Since Consummation of 2021 Echo Transaction  Source: Bloomberg, FactSet. Market data as of 01/24/2025.  Initial Echo majority acquisition of Alpha closed on 05/16/2022.  “Unaffected date” is 11/04/2024, the last trading day prior to Echo offer.  Alpha Peers include Autodesk, Bentley Systems, Dassault Systèmes, Nemetschek and PTC.  Alpha beat median of Wall Street analyst consensus on ACV, when excluding Russia-based ACV, and  on Revenue and EPS without adjustment.  “Undisturbed” as quoted by Echo in tender offer press release published on 11/05/2024 and represents Alpha’s closing share price on 08/06/2024.  (5)  Alpha Peers(3): 48%  Oct 26, 2022  Q1 2023  Cons. LFCF miss  Alpha: 39% ($255.16)  +7% Since Echo Offer  1-Month to “Unaffected” VWAP ($237)  Alpha’s Relative Share Price Performance Since Close(1) of Echo Transaction  Earnings Date   VWAP(2)   Alpha  % Return to Nov 4, 2024   “Unaffected Date”(2)   Alpha Alpha Peers(3)  1-Month to "Unaffected"  $237  -  4%  08/06/2024(5) to "Unaffected"  $227  5%  9%  01/01/2024 to "Unaffected"  $208  14%  6%  Alpha Close to "Unaffected"  $202   Share Price(2)   17%  56%  All-Time High  $258  (8%)  All-Time Low  $162  47%  "Unaffected" 52-Wk High  $241  (1%)  "Unaffected" 52-Wk Low  $163  45%  $184  Pre-market | Aug 7, 2024  Echo Q3 FY24 Earnings  01/01/2024 to “Unaffected” VWAP ($208) Alpha Close to “Unaffected” VWAP ($202)  08/06/2024 to “Unaffected” VWAP ($227)  Pre-market | Nov 5, 2024  Echo Announces Offer  $240.00 / Share  Share Price: $237.59  August 6, 2024 Q4 FY24 Earnings Consensus Beat(4) / “Undisturbed Date”(5) Share Price: $177.84  Apr 26, 2023  Q3 2023 Earnings  Cons. ACV, Revenue, FCF Miss  May 7, 2024  Q3 2024 Earnings Cons. ACV In-line, Revenue Beat  Oct-23 Jan-24 Apr-24  Sep 17, 2024  Investor Day 2024  Share Price: $233.54  May 16, 2024  End of “Lock Up Period”  Share Price: $213.88 
 

 5  Certain Updates Since December 7, 2024 Special Committee  Discussion Materials  Valuation Inputs  Market prices updated as of January 24, 2025 market close  Alpha share counts reflect latest diluted shares outstanding as of January 17, 2025 (vs. September 30, 2024)  Alpha balance sheet reflects December 31, 2024 actuals (vs. September 30, 2024)  Alpha financial forecast per Alpha management as of December 2024, updated for FY Q2’25 actuals in January 2025  Financial Analyses  Discounted Cash Flow Analysis  Illustrative value range of $153 – $271 per share (vs. $161 – $302 per share)  WACC inputs updated as of January 24, 2025 resulting in range of 11.7% – 12.9% (vs. 11.2% – 12.4%)  Risk free rate of 4.9% (vs. 4.4%)  Present value date of December 31, 2024 (vs. September 30, 2024)  Selected Precedent Transactions Analysis  Illustrative value range of $223 – $298 per share (vs. $220 – $293 per share) – no change to assumed multiple range  Updated Alpha NTM LFCF of $382mm as of December 31, 2024 (vs. $376mm as of September 30, 2024) per estimates of Alpha management  Selected Public Companies Analysis  Illustrative value range of $179 – $239 per share (vs. $187 – $249 per share) – no change to assumed multiple range  Updated Alpha CY2025 LFCF of $382mm (vs. $398mm prior to management plan update for FY Q2’25 actuals) per estimates of Alpha management  Selected Public Companies Equity Value / CY2025 LFCF median multiple of 32.4x (vs. 32.9x) 
 

 6  Illustrative Financial Forecast Overview  Management Case vs. Wall Street Consensus  ACV  $ in millions  Revenue  $ in millions  Management Case Consensus (Mean)  $885  $933  $1,019  $1,109  $1,212  $1,035  $1,156  $1,299  $1,469  $1,669  $1,898  FY23A FY24A  FY25E  FY26E  FY27E  FY28E  FY29E  FY30E  $1,044  $1,127  $1,192  $1,283  $1,394  $1,236  $1,217  $1,472  $1,713  $1,974  $2,241  FY25E  FY26E  FY27E  FY28E  FY29E  FY30E  $401  $463  $583  $658  $569  $520  $741  $945  $1,167  $1,322  FY26E  FY27E  FY28E  FY29E  FY30E  $306  $336  $411  $477  $360  $480  $501  $638  $735  $834  FY26E  FY27E  FY28E  FY29E  FY30E  11%  12%  12%  13%  14%  14%  9%  9%  9%  NA  NA  NA  3%  3%  NA  NA  NA  Consensus Growth %  NA NA  Growth Variance  NA NA 2%  Adj. EBITDA (Pre-SBC)  $ in millions  Mgmt. Growth %  12% 5%  10%  (1%)  21%  16%  15%  13%  6%  8%  9%  NA  NA  NA  4%  (9%)  12%  NA  NA  NA  1% 8%  Consensus Growth %  NA NA  Growth Variance  NA NA  Levered Free Cash Flow (Pre-SBC)  $ in millions  FY23A FY24A  Mgmt. Growth %  45% 50% 55%  45%  57%  64%  70%  70%  NA 52% 53% 54% NA NA NA  NA 3% (8%) 3% NA NA NA  Consensus Margin (ACV-based) %  NA  Margin Variance  NA  $528  FY23A FY24A FY25E  Mgmt. Margin (ACV-based) %  35% 36% 35%  42%  39%  43%  44%  44%  34%  37%  39%  NA  NA  NA  1%  5%  (1%)  NA  NA  NA  Consensus Margin (ACV-based) %  NA NA  Margin Variance  NA NA  $342  FY23A FY24A FY25E  Mgmt. Margin (ACV-based) %  Source: Wall Street Research. Alpha management plan as of December 2024, updated for FY Q2’25 actuals in January 2025.  Note: Fiscal year ending June 30. Preliminary Management Case includes acquisition of Open Grid Systems announced 11/04/2024.  Long-term guidance based on September 2024 Investor Day presentation.  Management FY25E guidance inclusive of $10mm in estimated Russia exit costs and $8mm in estimated Restructuring costs.  FY25 Guidance:  ~$1,017mm / 9% Growth  FY25 Guidance:  ~$1,190mm  LT Guidance(1): High Single – Low Double Digit Growth  LT Guidance(1): 40-43% LFCF Margin  / Mid-Teens Growth  FY25 Guidance:  ~$340mm(2) / 33% LFCF Margin 
 

 7  Discounted Cash Flow Analysis  5.5 year DCF; present value date as of 12/31/2024  Discount rate range of 11.7% to 12.9%  Perpetuity growth rate range of 6.0% to 8.0%  Selected Precedent Transactions Analysis  - Equity Value / NTM LFCF multiple range of 37.4x to 50.0x  - NTM LFCF (12/31/2024) of $382mm  Selected Public Companies Analysis  Equity Value / CY25 LFCF multiple range of 30.0x to 40.0x  CY2025 LFCF of $382mm  52-Week Trading Range  (For Reference Only)  - As of 11/04/2024 (unaffected date)  - 52-week low of $163.41 (11/09/2023)  - 52-week high of $240.83 (10/30/2024)  1  Analysts' Stock Price Targets  (For Reference Only)  As of 11/04/2024 (unaffected date)  High and low undiscounted broker price targets  Dotted box: high and low discounted broker price targets,  1discounted by 12 months at 12.7% cost of equity  Selected Precedent Squeeze Out Total Bump %  (For Reference Only)  1st and 3rd quartile selected squeeze out total bump from initial offer (8.3% and 18.7%)  Applied to initial Echo offer price of $240.00  7.8x -  13.9x  25.6x  -  45.5x  11.4x -  15.3x  37.4x  -  50.0x  9.2x -  12.2x  30.0x  -  40.0x  8.3x -  12.4x  27.3x  -  40.4x  11.1x -  13.6x  36.3x  -  44.4x  13.4x -  14.7x  43.6x  -  47.8x  Implied Multiples  Enterprise Value / NTM Revenue  Equity Value / NTM LFCF  Methodology Assumptions  Implied Equity Value Per Share ($)(1)  $153  $223  $179  $163  $217  $260  $271  $298  $239  $241  $265  $285  $193  $235  Source: Alpha Management, FactSet, Public Filings. Market data as of 01/24/2025.  Note: Valuation date as of 12/31/2024. Share price rounded to nearest dollar. 52-week high and low based on closing prices.  (1) Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 01/17/2025, includes: 63mm common, 0.6mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.53), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include  $173mm in cash & equivalents (based on 12/31/2024 balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability.  Alpha Valuation Summary  Merger Consideration: $265.00 
 

 8  Source: Alpha Management, FactSet, Public Filings. Market data as of 01/24/2025.  Note: Valuation date as of 12/31/2024. Assumes mid-year discounting. Share price rounded to nearest dollar.  Terminal year cash tax assumes zero change in deferred tax liability, assumes D&A equal to Capex. Cash tax impact of remaining DTLs in FY31 to FY33 results in reduction in implied Enterprise Value at ($88mm at midpoint WACC).  Terminal change in NWC based on average of change in NWC and interest income for FY28-FY30, less terminal interest income.  (3)  Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 01/17/2025, includes: 63mm common, 0.6mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.53), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include $173mm in cash & equivalents (based on 12/31/2024 balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability.  At midpoint discount rate and perpetuity growth rate. Variables sensitized in years 2026E through to terminal year.  (4)  Unlevered Free Cash Flow Profile  Illustrative Sensitivity Analysis  Illustrative Discounted Cash Flow Analysis – Alpha Mgmt. LRP  6 Months Ended  Fiscal Year Ended June 30,  Terminal  ($ mm)  6/30/2025  2026E  2027E  2028E  2029E  2030E   Year   Memo: ACV  $1,035  $1,156  $1,299  $1,469  $1,669  $1,898  $1,898  % Growth  11.6%  12.4%  13.1%  13.7%  13.7%  Revenue  $716  $1,217  $1,472  $1,713  $1,974  $2,241  $2,241  % Growth  (1.5%)  20.9%  16.3%  15.3%  13.5%  Adj. EBITDA  $368  $520  $741  $945  $1,167  $1,322  $1,322  % Margin  51.4%  42.7%  50.3%  55.2%  59.1%  59.0%  59.0%  (–) SBC  (26)  (57)  (56)  (57)  (56)  (56)  (56)  Adj. EBITDA (Post-SBC)  $343  $463  $684  $888  $1,111  $1,265  $1,265  % Margin  47.8%  38.1%  46.5%  51.9%  56.3%  56.5%  56.5%  Memo: Income Before Tax  $146  $122  $336  $551  $793  $954  $958  % Margin  20.4%  10.0%  22.8%  32.2%  40.2%  42.6%  (–) Cash Tax  (72)  (120)  (153)  (179)  (223)  (248)  (193)(1)  % Tax Rate  48.8%  98.4%  45.4%  32.5%  28.1%  26.0%  20.1%  (+) Interest Income from Revenue Rec.  29  53  50  54  64  64  64  (-) Operational Amortization  (0)  (1)  (1)  (1)  (1)  (1)  (1)  (–) Increase in NWC  14  45  (119)  (164)  (257)  (287)  (240)(2)  (–) Capital Expenditures (9)  (16)  (15)  (15)  (15)  (15)  (15)  Unlevered Free Cash Flow (Post-SBC) $305  $425  $446  $582  $679  $778  $882  % Growth  37.0%  5.0%  30.6%  16.7%  14.6%  % of ACV  29.4%  36.7%  34.3%  39.6%  40.7%  41.0%  46.5%  ACV Growth (+/- 100 bps)  UFCF % of ACV  (+/- 100 bps)  ($4.15)  ($7.65) $7.90  $4.15  Variable Equity Value per Share Sensitivity(4)   Perpetuity Growth Rate   6.0% 7.0% 8.0%   Perpetuity Growth Rate Perpetuity Growth Rate 6.0% 7.0% 8.0% 6.0% 7.0% 8.0%  Discount  Implied Equity Value  Implied Terminal UFCF  Terminal Value as a  Rate  Per Share(3)  Multiple (Pre-SBC)  % of Enterprise Value  11.7%  $186  $220  $271  12.3  168  194  233  12.9  153  174  204  18.6x  22.8x  29.3x  80.9%  83.8%  86.9%  16.9  20.2  25.2  79.1  81.9  85.0  15.4  18.2  22.2  77.3  80.1  83.0 
 

 9  1.5  1.6  4.8  21.7  49.1  26  NM  22  10  Mean  11.1x  34.3x  49.9x  11%  21%  33%  23%  Median  14.0  30.2  49.1  9  20  29  22  Implied Share Price  (US$ in billio ns)  Enterprise Value  Equity Value  NTM  NTM  NTM  Growth  Margin  Enterprise Value  Equity Value  Revenue  EBITDA  LFCF  Revenue  LFCF  EBITDA  LFCF  $16.8  $17.0  13.5x  29.2x  40.6x  10%  35%  46%  33%  10/30/24 Altair Engineering Siemens $10.1 $10.6 14.4x 62.2x 69.7x 9% 20% 23% 22%  02/15/24 Altium Renesas 5.7 5.9 15.9 42.8 61.2 20 30 37 27  01/16/24 Ansys Synopsys 34.8 34.6 14.0 31.1 45.5 10 14 45 31  06/28/23 ESI Keysight 1.0 1.0 6.7 30.2 53.1 4 NM 22 12  (2)  09/21/22 Aveva Schneider Electric 11.9 11.5 7.2 24.9 33.4 7 37 29 21  10/11/21 Alpha Echo 10.8 10.9 14.8 27.3 37.4 2 4 54 40  02/13/20 RIB Schneider Electric  Source:  Note:  Alpha Management, FactSet, Public Filings, Wall Street Research.  Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 01/17/2025, includes: 63mm common, 0.6mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.53), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include $173mm in cash & equivalents (based on Q2 FY25 preliminary balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability. Consensus estimates based on time-weighted annual average of brokers available to Citi  (1)  Implied multiples based on a merger consideration of $265 / share. Consensus estimates for Alpha implied multiples are for the NTM period ended 12/31/2025. Metrics related to offer are not included in mean or median. Schneider acquired the ~40% of AVEVA it did not already own.  Schneider launched voluntary takeover offer on 02/13/2020 and completed on 10/07/2020 . Share price rounded to the nearest $1.00.  (2)  (3)  (4)  Selected Precedent Transaction Analysis  (1)  (1)  (1)  Date Target Acquiror  Merger Consideration of $265.00 / Share  Alpha Echo   Selected Range    Implied Equity Value   Implied Share Price(4)  Metric  Low High  Low High  Low High  Alpha Mgmt. NTM LFCF (12 / 3 1/ 2 0 2 4 )  $382  37.4x - 50.0x  $14.5bn - $19.3bn  $223 - $298   (3) 
 

 10  Merger  Consideration  13.5x  11.9x  10.3x  9.7x  7.4x  9.4x  11.6x  10.7x  Median: 9.7x   Selected Range    Implied Equity Value   Metric  Low  High  Low  High  Low  High  Alpha Mgmt. CY 2 0 2 5 LFCF  $382  30.0x  - 40.0x  $11.5bn  - $15.3bn  $ 17 9  -  $239   36.4x  39.8x  47.9x  33.4x  32.4x  31.7x  26.2x  56.6x  37.0x  Median: 32.4x  (2)  Engineering Software Peers  EQUITY VALUE / CY2025E LFCF  ENTERPRISE  VALUE ($bn)  EQUITY VALUE ($bn)  CY25E  REV ($mm)  CY25E REV GROWTH %  CY25E LFCF MARGIN %  CY25E LFCF GROWTH %  CY25E RULE OF X(4)  Alpha  Consensus @$237.59  (1)  Selected Public Companies Analysis  “For Reference”  ENTERPRISE VALUE / CY2025E REVENUE  Alpha  Management @$237.59  Implied Share Price  Implied Share Price (5)  Alpha  Consensus @$265.00  Merger Consideration  40.6x  “For Reference”  “Unaffected Price”  (11/04/24)  “Unaffected Price”  (11/04/24)  12.1x 12.2x  (2)  Alpha  Consensus  @$237.59  (1)  Alpha  Management  @$237.59  Alpha  Consensus  @$265.00  Median  $16.8  $15.1  $15.1  $14.2  $15.4  $66.8  $51.9  $24.6  $24.6  $8.3  $29.2  $17.0  $15.2  $15.2  $13.8  $14.1  $66.4  $52.9  $23.1  $23.1  $8.8  $29.1  $1,249  $1,249  $1,235  $1,191  $1,496  $6,906  $7,015  $2,620  $2,620  $713  $2,720  10%  10%  8%  12%(3)  11%  13%  6%  14%  12%  9%  9%  33%  33%  31%  24%  28%  30%  24%  34%  28%  22%  29%  35%  35%  26%  21%  9%  37%  6%  12%  12%  23%  7%  44%  44%  39%  36%  39%  42%  29%  47%  39%  31%  38%  Source: Note:  FactSet, Alpha Management and Public Filings, Wall Street Research. Market data as of 01/24/2025.  Alpha diluted shares outstanding as of 01/17/2025, includes: 63mm common, 0.6mm options (weighted average strike price: $142.53), 0.5 RSUs & PSUs outstanding. Alpha bridge to enterprise value adjustments include  $173mm in cash & equivalents (based on 12/31/2024 balance pro-forma for acquisition of Open Grid Systems), $7mm in net post-tax pension liability. Consensus estimates based on four-quarter sum averages of brokers available to Citi. Calendarized metrics are used in absence of quarterly data.  Altair metrics represent unaffected metrics prior to rumors on 10/21/2024.  Ansys metrics represent unaffected metrics prior to rumors on 12/21/2023.  Organic 2025E growth based on 2024A revenue normalized to include estimated full year impact of Nemetschek's acquisition of GoCanvas completed on July 1, 2024.  Rule of X represents Revenue Growth + LFCF Margin.  Share price rounded to the nearest $1.00. 
 

 11  EBITDA Multiple:  11/5/24  Buy  $235  $225  $260  $260  1.9% • 25.0x EV / CY26  EBITDA  11/4/24  Buy  $217  $204  $260  $260  1.9% LFCF Multiple:  36.0x EV / FY27 LFCF  (2)  11/4/24  Hold  NA  NA  NA  NA  NA LFCF Multiple:  37.5x EV / FY26 LFCF  11/5/24  Hold  NA  NA  NA  NA  (3)  NA LFCF Multiple:  37.5x EV / CY25 LFCF  11/5/24  Hold  NA  NA  NA  NA  LFCF Multiple(:4)  NA • 39.0x EV / CY25  LFCF  Mean:  $223  $226  $250  $257  Pre  Pre  Post  Current  Broker  Date  Rating  4Q  Earnings  Investor  Day  Investor  Day  Price  Target  Premium /  (Discount)  Methodology  12/11/24 Buy  $230  $250 $250  Post Echo Offer  $275  7.8%  LFCF Multiple:  42.0x P / FY26 LFCF  88%  Source: FactSet, Wall Street Research. Market data as of 01/24/2025.  Note: (1)  52-week high / low as of daily market closing price.  “Unaffected” broker targets are as of 11/05/2024, using research published prior to announcement  of Echo offer.  Valuation methodology used for “fair value”.  Midpoint of “fair value” range.  Approximate trading range based on William Blair LFCF estimate.  Selected Analyst Research Summary  Broker Valuation Summary Broker Recommendations  LFCF  Multiple  EBITDA  Multiple  13%  N=8  38%  N=8  Buy  63%  Hold  Broker Max  $275.00  52-Week Low  $172.90  52-Week High  $258.00  Current Broker  Broker Min  $240.00  11/6/24 Hold  $255  Post Echo Offer  $250 $265 $250  Includes Takeover Premium in Valuation  (2.0%)  LFCF Multiple:  36.0x EV / CY25  LFCF  11/5/24 Hold  $180  $200  $217  Post Echo Offer  $240  (5.9%)  LFCF Multiple:  34.0x EV / CY25  LFCF  Investor Day:  9/17/2024  “Unaffected”  1)  Price  $255.16  Average Broker Max(  $257.00 $265.00  Broke  r Range  “Unaffected”  Broker Min(1)  $217.00  Includes Takeover Premium in Valuation 
 

 12  Source: Citi Deal Intelligence (Thompson SDC), Deal Point Data, FactSet, Public Filings.  Note: Selected announced US transactions since January 1, 2010, with Acquiror existing ownership >50%. Includes 100% cash deals only.  Excludes transactions where acquiror is a financial sponsor.  (1) Represents share price in GBP.  Selected All-Cash US Minority Squeeze-Outs  Ann. Date  Acquiror  Target  Structure % Stake  Acquired  Equity Value ($mm)  # Days Initial Offer to Ann.  Offer Price  Per Share  Initial Final  Initial Final  Offer Offer Prem to Prem to Unaffect. Unaffect.  Offer Price Per Share  Progression (% Change)  Bump Summary  Initial  1 to 2 2 to 3 3 to 4  4 to 5  #  Total Avg. (%)  to 1  (%)  Aug-23  Light & Wonder Inc  SciPlay Corp  Vote  17%  $436  82  $20.00  $22.95  29%  47%  8%  3%  2%  1%  --  4  15%  4%  Oct-22  Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.  Myovant Sciences Ltd.  Vote  48  1,700  23  22.75  27.00  27  50  11  4  2  1  --  4  19  4  Nov-21  Geneve Holdings Inc  Independence Holding Co  Tender  38  294  72  50.00  57.00  19  36  12  2  --  --  --  2  14  7  Aug-21  Banco Santander, S.A.  Santander Consumer USA Holdings Inc.  Tender  20  2,358  53  39.00  41.50  7  14  2  4  --  --  --  2  6  3  Aug-20  Ionis Pharmaceuticals  Akcea Therapeutics Inc  Tender  24  442  12  16.00  18.15  41  59  6  4  2  --  --  3  13  4  Feb-20  KYOCERA Corp  AVX Corp  Tender  28  923  86  19.50  21.75  30  45  5  2  4  --  --  3  12  4  Jul-19  Sonic Financial Corp  Speedway Motorsports Inc  Tender  28  205  92  18.00  19.75  29  42  7  3  --  --  --  2  10  5  May-19  NASCAR Media Group LLC  International Speedway Corp  Tender  16  475  194  42.00  45.00  8  15  1  2  1  1  1  5  7  1  May-19  Employers Mutual Casualty Co  EMC Insurance Group Inc  Tender  46  295  174  30.00  36.00  25  50  10  9  --  --  --  2  20  10  Jun-18  Roche Holding AG  Foundation Medicine Inc  Tender  43  2,132  4  133.00  137.00  30  34  2  1  1  --  --  3  3  1  Jul-16  American Financial Group Inc  National Interstate Corp  Vote  49  291  141  30.00  32.50  33  44  2  4  2  --  --  3  8  3  Mar-13  Danfoss A/S  Sauer-Danfoss Inc  Tender  24  579  93  49.00  58.50  (7)  11  10  5  2  --  --  3  19  6  Apr-11  CNA Financial Corporation  CNA Surety Corporation  Tender  39  371  171  22.00  26.55  14  38  15  4  1  0  --  4  21  5  Mean  32%  $808  92  $37.79  $41.82  22%  37%  7%  4%  2%  1%  1%  3  13%  4%  Median  28  442  86  30.00  32.50  27  42  7  4  2  1  1  3  13  4  Nov-22 Schneider Electric SE AVEVA Group plc Vote 41 11,461 65 31.00 (1) 32.25 (1) 41 47 4 -- -- -- -- 1 4 4  For Reference Only (non-US): 
 

 13  Source: Bloomberg, FactSet, Public Filings. Market data as of 01/24/2025. Alpha market data as of 11/04/2024.  Note: Alpha beta is as of the last 5 years, but excludes period between the announcement of Echo’s acquisition of Heritage Alpha and one-day before New Alpha’s first trading date.  Illustrative Alpha WACC Analysis   WACC Calculation Inputs   Target Capital Structure (Net Debt / Total Capital):  0.0  –  10.0  %  Median Capital Structure of Selected Companies:  2.8 %  After-Tax Cost of Debt:  4.2  %  Expected Long-Term Yield:  – Current Statutory Marginal Tax Rate:  5.3 %  20.0  %  Cost of Equity:  6.3% Equity Market Risk Premium 7.2% Equity Market Risk Premium  11.9  –  –  12.5  %  %  12.9  13.6  Risk Free Rate (20-Year CMT Bond):  4.9 %  Assumed Equity Market Risk Premium - low: Assumed Equity Market Risk Premium - high:  6.3 %  7.2 %  Relevered Equity Beta:  Unlevered Asset Beta:  Selected “Standard” Beta Measurement Period (Years):  Implied Net Debt / Equity Ratio:  0.0 –  1.11 – 1.20  1.11  5  11.1 %  Small Cap Risk Premium: High Yield Issuer? (Y / N)  0.0 % N  Weighted Average Cost of Capital:  11.7 –  12.9 %  6.3% Equity Market Risk Premium  11.9 –  11.7 %  7.2% Equity Market Risk Premium  12.9 –  12.6 %  * Beta estimation period differs from standard period of 5 years used in the analysis  The low end of the WACC is based upon the low end of the equity market risk premium (6.3%) and the high end of the net debt / total capital ratio. The high end is based on the high end of the equity market risk premium (7.2%) and the low end of the capital structure.  Bentley Systems, Inc.  1,334  14,085  8.6  25.0  N/A  Dassault Systèmes SE  (1,006)  52,916  (1.9)  25.0  N/A  Nemetschek SE  391  13,814  2.8  30.0  N/A  PTC, Inc.  1,487  23,090  6.0  25.0  5.4  Median  $391  $23,090  2.8%  5.3%  Alpha  (166)  15,222  (1.1)  20.0  N/A  Cost of Net Debt-Related Metrics  Capital Structure  Value of Net Debt  Market Value of Equity  Net Debt / Total Capital Ratio  Current Statutory Marginal Tax Rate  Long Term Yield  Autodesk, Inc.  $326  $66,450  0.5%  25.0%  5.1%  Cost of Equity-Related Metrics  Adjusted Beta Equity Beta Estimation (Bloomberg) Period (Yrs)  High Debt Yield Issuer Beta  Unlevering Tax Rate  Unlevered Asset Beta  Autodesk, Inc.  1.214  5.0  0.0  25.0%  1.210  Bentley Systems, Inc.  1.253  4.3  *  0.0  25.0  1.170  Dassault Systèmes SE  1.038  5.0  0.0  25.0  1.053  Nemetschek SE  1.485  5.0  0.0  30.0  1.456  PTC, Inc.  1.256  5.0  Y  0.3  25.0  1.212  Median  1.253  1.210  Alpha  1.095  4.4  *  0.0  20.0  1.105