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Leases
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
 
Our financial position for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019 is presented under the new accounting guidance, while prior periods amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with previous guidance, as discussed in Note 1— Background and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

We primarily lease various office facilities, switching and colocation facilities, equipment and dark fiber. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and whether that lease meets the classification criteria of a finance or operating lease. Lease-related assets, or right-of-use assets, are recognized at the lease commencement date at amounts equal to the respective lease liabilities. Lease-related liabilities are recognized at the present value of the remaining contractual fixed lease payments, discounted using our incremental borrowing rates. As part of the present value calculation for the lease liabilities, we use an incremental borrowing rate as the rates implicit in the leases are not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rates used for lease accounting are based on our unsecured rates, adjusted to approximate the rates at which we could borrow on a collateralized basis over a term similar to the recognized lease term. We apply the incremental borrowing rates to lease components using a portfolio approach based upon the length of the lease term and the reporting entity in which the lease resides. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, while variable lease payments are expensed as incurred.

Some of our lease arrangements contain lease components (including fixed payments, such as rent, real estate taxes and insurance costs) and non-lease components (including common-area maintenance costs). We generally account for each component separately based on the estimated standalone price of each component. For colocation leases, we account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

Many of our lease agreements contain renewal options; however, we do not recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for renewal periods unless it is determined that we are reasonably certain of renewing the lease at inception or when a triggering event occurs. Certain leases also include options to purchase the leased property. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Lease expense consisted of the following:
 
Year Ended December 31, 2019
 
(Dollars in millions)
Operating and short-term lease cost
$
677

Finance lease cost:
 
   Amortization of right-of-use assets
44

   Interest on lease liability
12

Total finance lease cost
56

Total lease cost
$
733


CenturyLink leases various equipment, office facilities, retail outlets, switching facilities and other network sites. These leases, with few exceptions, provide for renewal options and escalations that are either fixed or based on the consumer price index. Any rent abatements, along with rent escalations, are included in the computation of rent expense calculated on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease term for most leases includes the initial non-cancelable term plus any term under renewal options that are reasonably assured. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our gross rental expense was $733 million, $875 million and $550 million, respectively. We also received sublease rental income for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 of $24 million, $21 million and $13 million, respectively.
Supplemental consolidated balance sheet information and other information related to leases:
 
 
December 31
Leases (Dollars in millions)
Classification on the Balance Sheet
2019
Assets
 
 
Operating lease assets
Operating lease assets
$
1,686

Finance lease assets
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
252

Total leased assets
$
1,938

 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
Current
 
 
   Operating
Current operating lease liabilities
$
416

   Finance
Current portion of long-term debt
35

Noncurrent
 
 
   Operating
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities
1,342

   Finance
Long-term debt
185

Total lease liabilities
$
1,978

 
 
 
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
 
   Operating leases
7.2

   Finance leases
11.3

Weighted-average discount rate
 
 
   Operating leases
6.46
%
   Finance leases
5.47
%

Supplemental consolidated cash flow statement information related to leases:
 
Year Ended December 31, 2019
 
(Dollars in millions)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
 
   Operating cash flows from operating leases
$
665

   Operating cash flows from finance leases
14

   Financing cash flows from finance leases
32

Supplemental lease cash flow disclosures
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
$
358

   Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities
$
14


As of December 31, 2019, maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:
 
Operating Leases
 
Finance Leases
 
(Dollars in millions)
2020
$
460

 
47

2021
361

 
28

2022
308

 
22

2023
265

 
22

2024
194

 
21

Thereafter
686

 
170

Total lease payments
2,274

 
310

   Less: interest
(516
)
 
(90
)
Total
$
1,758

 
220

Less: current portion
(416
)
 
(35
)
Long-term portion
$
1,342

 
185



As of December 31, 2019, we had no material operating or finance leases that had not yet commenced.

Operating Lease Income

CenturyLink leases various IRUs, office facilities, switching facilities and other network sites to third parties under operating leases. Lease and sublease income are included in operating revenue in the consolidated statements of operations.

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our gross rental income was $1.4 billion, $882 million and $766 million, respectively, which represents 6%, 4% and 4% respectively, of our operating revenue for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.

Disclosures under ASC 840

We adopted ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019 as noted above, and as required, the following disclosure is provided for periods prior to adoption.

The future annual minimum payments under capital lease agreements as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:
 
Capital Lease Obligations
 
(Dollars in millions)
2019
$
51

2020
36

2021
23

2022
21

2023
20

2024 and thereafter
183

Total minimum payments
334

Less: amount representing interest and executory costs
(100
)
Present value of minimum payments
234

Less: current portion
(38
)
Long-term portion
$
196



At December 31, 2018, our future rental commitments for operating leases were as follows:
 
Operating Leases
 
(Dollars in millions)
2019
$
675

2020
443

2021
355

2022
279

2023
241

2024 and thereafter
969

Total future minimum payments (1)
$
2,962

_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)
Minimum payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $101 million due in the future under non-cancelable subleases.
Leases Leases
 
Our financial position for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019 is presented under the new accounting guidance, while prior periods amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with previous guidance, as discussed in Note 1— Background and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

We primarily lease various office facilities, switching and colocation facilities, equipment and dark fiber. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and whether that lease meets the classification criteria of a finance or operating lease. Lease-related assets, or right-of-use assets, are recognized at the lease commencement date at amounts equal to the respective lease liabilities. Lease-related liabilities are recognized at the present value of the remaining contractual fixed lease payments, discounted using our incremental borrowing rates. As part of the present value calculation for the lease liabilities, we use an incremental borrowing rate as the rates implicit in the leases are not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rates used for lease accounting are based on our unsecured rates, adjusted to approximate the rates at which we could borrow on a collateralized basis over a term similar to the recognized lease term. We apply the incremental borrowing rates to lease components using a portfolio approach based upon the length of the lease term and the reporting entity in which the lease resides. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, while variable lease payments are expensed as incurred.

Some of our lease arrangements contain lease components (including fixed payments, such as rent, real estate taxes and insurance costs) and non-lease components (including common-area maintenance costs). We generally account for each component separately based on the estimated standalone price of each component. For colocation leases, we account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

Many of our lease agreements contain renewal options; however, we do not recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for renewal periods unless it is determined that we are reasonably certain of renewing the lease at inception or when a triggering event occurs. Certain leases also include options to purchase the leased property. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Lease expense consisted of the following:
 
Year Ended December 31, 2019
 
(Dollars in millions)
Operating and short-term lease cost
$
677

Finance lease cost:
 
   Amortization of right-of-use assets
44

   Interest on lease liability
12

Total finance lease cost
56

Total lease cost
$
733


CenturyLink leases various equipment, office facilities, retail outlets, switching facilities and other network sites. These leases, with few exceptions, provide for renewal options and escalations that are either fixed or based on the consumer price index. Any rent abatements, along with rent escalations, are included in the computation of rent expense calculated on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease term for most leases includes the initial non-cancelable term plus any term under renewal options that are reasonably assured. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our gross rental expense was $733 million, $875 million and $550 million, respectively. We also received sublease rental income for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 of $24 million, $21 million and $13 million, respectively.
Supplemental consolidated balance sheet information and other information related to leases:
 
 
December 31
Leases (Dollars in millions)
Classification on the Balance Sheet
2019
Assets
 
 
Operating lease assets
Operating lease assets
$
1,686

Finance lease assets
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
252

Total leased assets
$
1,938

 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
Current
 
 
   Operating
Current operating lease liabilities
$
416

   Finance
Current portion of long-term debt
35

Noncurrent
 
 
   Operating
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities
1,342

   Finance
Long-term debt
185

Total lease liabilities
$
1,978

 
 
 
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
 
   Operating leases
7.2

   Finance leases
11.3

Weighted-average discount rate
 
 
   Operating leases
6.46
%
   Finance leases
5.47
%

Supplemental consolidated cash flow statement information related to leases:
 
Year Ended December 31, 2019
 
(Dollars in millions)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
 
   Operating cash flows from operating leases
$
665

   Operating cash flows from finance leases
14

   Financing cash flows from finance leases
32

Supplemental lease cash flow disclosures
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
$
358

   Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities
$
14


As of December 31, 2019, maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:
 
Operating Leases
 
Finance Leases
 
(Dollars in millions)
2020
$
460

 
47

2021
361

 
28

2022
308

 
22

2023
265

 
22

2024
194

 
21

Thereafter
686

 
170

Total lease payments
2,274

 
310

   Less: interest
(516
)
 
(90
)
Total
$
1,758

 
220

Less: current portion
(416
)
 
(35
)
Long-term portion
$
1,342

 
185



As of December 31, 2019, we had no material operating or finance leases that had not yet commenced.

Operating Lease Income

CenturyLink leases various IRUs, office facilities, switching facilities and other network sites to third parties under operating leases. Lease and sublease income are included in operating revenue in the consolidated statements of operations.

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our gross rental income was $1.4 billion, $882 million and $766 million, respectively, which represents 6%, 4% and 4% respectively, of our operating revenue for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.

Disclosures under ASC 840

We adopted ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019 as noted above, and as required, the following disclosure is provided for periods prior to adoption.

The future annual minimum payments under capital lease agreements as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:
 
Capital Lease Obligations
 
(Dollars in millions)
2019
$
51

2020
36

2021
23

2022
21

2023
20

2024 and thereafter
183

Total minimum payments
334

Less: amount representing interest and executory costs
(100
)
Present value of minimum payments
234

Less: current portion
(38
)
Long-term portion
$
196



At December 31, 2018, our future rental commitments for operating leases were as follows:
 
Operating Leases
 
(Dollars in millions)
2019
$
675

2020
443

2021
355

2022
279

2023
241

2024 and thereafter
969

Total future minimum payments (1)
$
2,962

_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)
Minimum payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $101 million due in the future under non-cancelable subleases.