UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
For
the fiscal year ended
Commission
File Number:
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
| None | None | None |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐
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by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐
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by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
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by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule
405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||
| Emerging growth company |
If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
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by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered
public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.
If
securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant
included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.
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by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No
As
of February 21, 2025, the registrant had
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Kayne DL 2021, Inc. will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, not later than 120 days after the close of its fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, a definitive proxy statement containing the information required to be disclosed under Part III of Form 10-K.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Except as otherwise specified, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” refer to Kayne DL 2021, Inc., a Delaware corporation. We refer to KA Credit Advisors II, LLC, our investment adviser, as our “Advisor.” The Advisor also serves as our administrator (the “Administrator”). We refer generally to Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P., an affiliate of the Advisor, as “Kayne Anderson.”
Forward Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about the company, current and prospective portfolio investments, the industry, beliefs and assumptions. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “will,” “may,” “continue,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “targets,” “projects,” and variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond control of the Company and difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements, including:
| ● | future operating results; |
| ● | business prospects and the prospects of portfolio companies in which we invest; | |
| ● | the ability of our portfolio companies to achieve their objectives; |
| ● | changes in political, economic or industry conditions, the interest rate environment or conditions affecting the financial and capital markets; |
| ● | the ability of KA Credit Advisors II, LLC (our “Advisor”) to locate suitable investments and to monitor and administer investments; |
| ● | the ability of the Advisor and its affiliates to attract and retain highly talented professionals; |
| ● | risk associated with possible disruptions in operations or the economy generally; |
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| ● | the adequacy of our cash resources, financing sources and working capital; |
| ● | the timing of cash flows, distributions and dividends, if any, from the operations of the companies in which the Company invests; |
| ● | the ability to maintain qualification as a business development company (“BDC”) and as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); |
| ● | the use of borrowings under our credit facility to finance a portion of the Company’s investments; |
| ● | the adequacy, availability and pricing of financing sources and working capital for the Company; |
| ● | actual or potential conflicts of interest with the Advisor and its affiliates; |
| ● | contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties; |
| ● | the risk associated with an economic downturn, increased inflation, political instability, interest rate volatility, loss of key personnel, and the illiquid nature of investments of the Company; and |
| ● | the risks, uncertainties and other factors the Company identifies under “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
We have based the forward-looking statements included in this report on information available to us on the date of this report. We assume no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Although we undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, you are advised to consult any additional disclosures that we may make directly to you or through reports that we have filed or in the future may file with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including annual reports on Form 10-K, registration statements on Form 10, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K.
Item 1. Business
Overview
Kayne DL 2021, Inc. is a Delaware corporation formed to make investments in middle-market companies and commenced operations on December 16, 2021. We are an externally managed, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. In addition, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we intend to qualify, annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.
We are a business development company (“BDC”) that invests primarily in first lien senior secured loans, with a secondary focus on unitranche and split-lien loans to private middle market companies. We are managed by our investment advisor KA Credit Advisors II, LLC (the “Advisor”), an indirect controlled subsidiary of Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (“Kayne Anderson”), a prominent alternative investment management firm. Our Advisor operates within Kayne Anderson’s middle market private credit platform (“KAPC” or “Kayne Anderson Private Credit”). Our Advisor is registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”).
We generally intend to distribute, out of assets legally available for distribution, 90% to 100% of our available earnings, on a quarterly or annual basis, as determined by our Board of Directors (the “Board”) in its sole discretion. The distributions we pay to our stockholders in a year may exceed our taxable income for that year and, accordingly, a portion of such distributions equal to such excess of distributions over taxable income may constitute a return of invested capital for federal income tax purposes. Such a return of capital (i.e., a distribution that represents a return of an investor’s original investment) would be nontaxable to the stockholder and would reduce its basis in its shares. As a result, income tax related to the portion of such distributions treated as return of capital would be deferred until any subsequent sale of shares of common stock. The specific tax characteristics of our distributions will be reported to stockholders after the end of the calendar year.
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Investment Objective, Principal Strategy and Investment Structures
Our investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation. We intend to have nearly all of our debt investments in private middle market companies. We use “private” to refer to companies that are not traded on a securities exchange and define “middle market companies” as companies that, in general, generate between $10 million and $150 million of annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA. Further, we refer to companies that generate between $10 million and $50 million of annual EBITDA as “core middle market companies” and companies that generate between $50 million and $150 million of annual EBITDA as “upper middle market companies.” We typically adjust EBITDA for non-recurring and/or normalizing items to assess the financial performance of our borrowers over time.
We intend to achieve our investment objective by investing primarily in first lien senior secured loans, with a secondary focus on unitranche and split-lien loans to middle market companies. Under normal market conditions, we expect at least 90% of our portfolio (including investments purchased with proceeds from borrowings under credit facilities) to be invested in first lien senior secured, unitranche and split-lien loans. Our investment decisions are made on a case-by-case basis. We expect that a majority of these debt investments will be made in core middle market companies and will generally have stated maturities of three to six years. We expect that the loans in which we principally invest will be to companies that are located in the United States. We determine the location of a company as being in the United States by (i) such company being organized under the laws of one of the states in the United States; or (ii) during its most recent fiscal year, such company derived at least 50% of its revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, or services performed in the United States or has at least 50% of its assets in the United States.
The Advisor executes on our investment objective by (1) accessing the established loan sourcing channels developed by Kayne Anderson’s middle market private credit platform (“KAPC” or “Kayne Anderson Private Credit”), which includes an extensive network of private equity firms, other middle market lenders, financial advisors, intermediaries and management teams, (2) selecting investments within our middle market company focus, (3) implementing KAPC’s underwriting process and (4) drawing upon its experience and resources and the broader Kayne Anderson network. KAPC was established in 2011 and manages (directly and through affiliates) assets under management (“AUM”) of approximately $7.1 billion related to middle market private credit as of December 31, 2024. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We depend upon our Advisor and Administrator for our success and upon their access to the investment professionals and partners of Kayne Anderson and its affiliates. Any inability of the Advisor or the Administrator to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate investment opportunities, could adversely affect our business,” and “––Risks Relating to Our Investments – Limitations of investment due diligence expose us to investment risk.”
We intend to principally invest in the following types of debt securities:
| ● | First lien debt: Typically senior on a lien basis to the other liabilities in the issuer’s capital structure with a first priority lien against substantially all assets of the borrower and often including a pledge of the capital stock of the business. The security interest ranks above the security interest of second lien lenders on those assets. These securities are typically floating rate investments priced with a spread to the reference rate (typically SOFR); |
| ● | Split-lien debt: Typically includes (i) a first lien on fixed and intangible assets of the borrower and often including a pledge of the capital stock of the business and (ii) a second lien on working capital assets. Used in conjunction with an asset based lender who has a first lien on the borrower’s working capital assets. These securities are typically floating rate investments priced with a spread to the reference rate (typically SOFR). |
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| ● | Unitranche debt: Combines features of first lien, second lien and subordinated debt, generally in a first lien position. These securities can generally be thought of as first lien investments beyond what may otherwise be considered “typical” first lien leverage levels, effectively representing a greater portion of the overall capitalization of the underlying business. These securities are typically structured as floating rate investments priced with a spread to the reference rate (typically SOFR). |
Senior secured debt often has restrictive covenants for the purpose of pursuing principal protection and repayment before junior creditors as covenants provide opportunities for lenders to take action following a covenant breach. The loans in which we principally invest have financial maintenance covenants, which require borrowers maintain certain performance criteria and financial ratios on a monthly or quarterly basis. We do not expect to principally invest in “covenant-lite” loans; we use the term “covenant lite” to refer generally to loans that do not have a customary set of financial maintenance covenants.
Investment Portfolio
Our portfolio is currently comprised of a broad mix of loans, with diversity among investment size and industry focus. The Advisor’s team of professionals conducts due diligence on prospective investments during the underwriting process and is involved in structuring the credit terms of our private middle market investments. Once an investment has been made, our Advisor closely monitors each portfolio investment and takes a proactive approach to identify and address sector or company specific risks. The Advisor seeks to maintain a regular dialogue with portfolio company management teams (as well as their owners, the majority of whom are private equity firms, where applicable), reviews detailed operating and financial results on a regular basis (typically monthly or quarterly) and monitors current and projected liquidity needs, in addition to other portfolio management activities. There are no assurances that we will achieve our investment objectives.
Listed below are our top ten portfolio companies and industries represented as a percentage of total long-term investments as of December 31, 2024:
| Portfolio Company | Industry | Fair
Value ($ in millions) | Percentage of long-term investments | |||||||||
| 1 | Dusk Acquisition II Corporation (Motors & Armatures, Inc. – MARS) | Trading companies & distributors | $ | 7.0 | 2.7 | % | ||||||
| 2 | Engineered Fastener Company, LLC (EFC International) | Trading companies & distributors | $ | 6.9 | 2.6 | % | ||||||
| 3 | Genuine Cable Group, LLC | Trading companies & distributors | $ | 6.8 | 2.6 | % | ||||||
| 4 | Vitesse Systems Parent, LLC | Aerospace & defense | $ | 6.7 | 2.5 | % | ||||||
| 5 | BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) | Food products | $ | 6.4 | 2.4 | % | ||||||
| 6 | Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) | Health care providers & services | $ | 6.3 | 2.4 | % | ||||||
| 7 | Light Wave Dental Management, LLC | Health care providers & services | $ | 6.2 | 2.4 | % | ||||||
| 8 | American Equipment Holdings LLC | Commercial services & supplies | $ | 6.0 | 2.3 | % | ||||||
| 9 | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) | Commercial services & supplies | $ | 5.9 | 2.3 | % | ||||||
| 10 | Envirotech Services, LLC | Professional services | $ | 5.8 | 2.2 | % | ||||||
| $ | 64.0 | 24.4 | % | |||||||||
As a BDC, at least 70% of our assets must be the type of “qualifying” assets listed in Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act, as described herein, which are generally privately-offered securities issued by U.S. private or thinly-traded companies. We may also invest up to 30% of our portfolio opportunistically in “non-qualifying” portfolio investments. As of December 31, 2024, 4.3% of the Company’s total assets were in non-qualifying investments.
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Market Opportunity
We believe that our investments represent attractive opportunities as these investments (i) generate what we believe are attractive yields (based on our Advisor’s assessment of the relative risk profile of these investments), (ii) make interest payments to us and (iii) typically rank ahead of other debt instruments in the borrower’s capital structure (100.0% of our portfolio consisted of first lien senior secured loans as of December 31, 2024), as described above in “—Investment Objective, Principal Strategy and Investment Structures”.
Long-Term Demand Drivers in the U.S. Middle Market
We expect that a number of factors will continue to drive strong demand for middle market senior credit, both by private equity owned and non-private equity owned companies, for the foreseeable future, including: (i) the sheer scale of the U.S. middle market and (ii) a significant amount of un-invested middle market private equity capital.
The universe of U.S. middle market companies (as defined by the National Center for the Middle Market and including all businesses with revenues from $10.0 million to $1.0 billion) consists of nearly 200,000 potential borrowers, a substantial portion of which we believe will continue to require access to debt capital to refinance existing debt, support growth and finance acquisitions. Together, these businesses represent approximately one-third of the U.S. private sector gross domestic product (“GDP”) making them equivalent to the size of the third largest economy in the world on a standalone basis. (Source: National Center for The Middle Market’s Mid-Year 2024 Middle Market Indicator).
Private equity firms investing in these businesses held more than $1.5 trillion in un-invested capital (“dry powder”) as of February 2025. We expect these private equity firms will continue to pursue acquisitions and will seek to fund a portion of these transactions with debt. (Source: Preqin).
Long-Term Shift to Private, Non-Bank Financings in the U.S. Middle Market
We believe that the supply of capital to middle market borrowers and private equity firms acquiring these businesses has shifted substantially to private, non-bank lenders such as ourselves due to (i) a long-term regulatory trend that has significantly reduced bank participation in leveraged finance due to stricter federal leveraged lending guidelines, (ii) consolidation of commercial banks over the last two decades and (iii) direct lending increasing share relative to broadly syndicated financings. We believe that some of this shift away from banks and broadly syndicated financings can be attributed to borrowers valuing specific qualities of non-bank lenders including: (i) a focus on ongoing partnership as opposed to transactional arrangements, (ii) more sophisticated underwriting and originations teams and (iii) a lack of reliability exhibited by banks and more liquid market segments during periods of distress.
In sum, we believe there is (a) a substantial demand for loans, and (b) a substantial marketplace shift towards private, non-bank lenders. We anticipate that these trends should benefit direct lenders such as ourselves.
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Middle Market Attractiveness
We intend to have nearly all of our debt investments in private middle market companies. We believe that lending to middle market companies (particularly in senior-focused portions of the capital structure) presents a compelling investment opportunity.
First, senior debt investments are made at the top of the capital structure and are repaid before unsecured creditors and equity investors. Additionally, the types of investments in which we participate will typically include anywhere from one to five lenders in a given debt financing thereby potentially limiting consensus risk, which is important for swift action and potential recovery to lenders in distressed scenarios.
Second, we believe that these markets are underserved by traditional banking sources. We believe that this lack of financing sources leads middle market companies to offer attractive (i) economic terms such as pricing, fees and prepayment premiums and (ii) structural terms such as stricter covenants and more fulsome collateral packages than debt investments in public or much larger private companies.
Competitive Strengths
Our Advisor utilizes KAPC’s direct lending platform to pursue investment opportunities. The leadership team of KAPC has invested in this market across multiple platforms (e.g., not only as part of KAPC) and economic cycles, working directly together as a team for the better part of three decades. This experience over multiple decades allows KAPC to focus on transactions in markets where it has substantial experience and where it can bring its expertise in negotiating and structuring investments. Other specific competitive strengths of KAPC which inure to the benefit of KBDC include:
Leading U.S. Core Middle Market Debt Platform. We have benefited and expect to continue to benefit from our relationship with KAPC’s large direct lending platform through our Advisor. Since its inception through December 31, 2024, KAPC has deployed nearly $12.7 billion of capital across 426 investments in 207 portfolio companies. Our Advisor (or an affiliate thereof) has been lead agent or co-agent in approximately 76% of investments since the inception of KAPC.
Experienced Credit Investors with Long Track Record. Core middle market direct lending is led by Ken Leonard (Co-CEO of the Company), Doug Goodwillie (Co-CEO of the Company) and Andy Marek (Managing Partner of KAPC), who have a combined 90+ years of lending experience, having collectively completed transactions representing over $17.2 billion in underwritten middle market loan commitments across multiple credit cycles since 2000. These three individuals are primarily responsible for the day-to-day operations of KAPC and have worked together directly since 2002 while Ken Leonard and Andy Marek have worked together since the late 1980’s. Ken Leonard and Doug Goodwillie are primarily responsible for the day-to-day operations of KBDC.
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The Advisor’s investment committee consists of four members (Terry Quinn, Paul Blank, Doug Goodwillie and Ken Leonard) with average experience in credit investing in excess of 30 years. The Advisor’s investment committee has overall responsibility for evaluating and unanimously approving the Company’s investments and portfolio allocations, subject to the oversight of our Board.
Sourcing Advantage and Well-Established Direct Relationship Model. We believe that KAPC’s relationship-based sourcing model provides strong access to proprietary transaction flow, allowing us to be highly selective in the transactions that we pursue. For the period 2021 through December 31, 2024, approximately 63% of opportunities sourced by our Advisor and 88% of opportunities executed by our Advisor were done so without the presence of a financial intermediary, a fact pattern placing specific emphasis on long-term relationships, reputation and certainty of execution with transaction counterparties. Importantly, we believe (based on KAPC’s experience) that our existing portfolio will continue to be an engine of new investment opportunities and will support investment flows even when broader M&A markets may have slowed.
We believe that our direct sourcing model creates repeat business and sticky relationships. Under this model, since inception, (i) greater than 90% of KAPC’s investments are in companies sponsored by private equity firms (approximately 99% of the Company’s investments as of December 31, 2024), (ii) approximately 58% of KAPC’s investments were made with repeat private equity sponsors and (iii) over 110 private equity sponsors have partnered with KAPC to provide debt financing to their portfolio companies.
Focus on Investing in Core Middle Market. With extensive market knowledge and experience, we believe we are well positioned to capitalize on the current market conditions in which many middle market companies and private equity sponsors need trusted sources of financing.
Value-Lending Philosophy. We intend to avoid high-growth markets as, in our management’s experience, that growth profile attracts substantial capital formation and, in turn, new competition, leading to the potential for longer-term uncertainty and industry upheaval.
Disciplined Diligence Processes, Regimented Portfolio Monitoring and Active Management. Our Advisor completes substantial hands-on diligence throughout its investment process, which is centered around addressing a potential portfolio company’s industry trends, competitive dynamics, customer base, economic drivers, historical financial performance, financial projections, other factors such as legal and environmental assessments as well as the strengths and weaknesses of management and / or the private equity sponsor or ownership. We target a lead or co-lead agent role in a majority of our investments (KAPC has been lead or co-lead agent in approximately 76% of investments since inception), typically enabling us to lead the diligence, documentation and workout processes. Since inception, KAPC has reported realized loss rates of approximately 0.2% of average outstanding investments on an annualized basis.
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Competition
We compete with a number of BDCs and investment funds (both public and private), commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies and, to the extent they provide an alternative form of financing, private equity and hedge funds. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial and marketing resources than we do. We believe we are able to compete with these entities primarily on the basis of the experience and contacts of our management team, our responsive and efficient investment analysis and decision-making processes, the investment terms we offer, and our model of investing in companies participating in industries which we know well.
We believe that some of our competitors may make loans with interest rates that will be lower than the rates that we offer. We do not seek to compete solely on the interest rates that we offer to potential portfolio companies. For additional information concerning competitive risks, see “Item 1A – Risk Factors.”
Kayne Anderson, Kayne Anderson Private Credit and The Advisor
Kayne Anderson
Founded in 1984, Kayne Anderson is a prominent alternative investment management firm which is registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act, focused on real estate, credit and infrastructure/energy. Kayne Anderson provides corporate and management services (such as information technology, human resources, compliance and legal services) to the Advisor.
As of December 31, 2024, investment vehicles managed or advised by Kayne Anderson had over $36 billion in assets under management (“AUM”) for institutional investors, family offices, high net worth and retail clients. Kayne Anderson has over 350 professionals located across five offices across the U.S. The firm has approximately 150 investment professionals, approximately 33 of whom are dedicated to credit investing.
Kayne Anderson Private Credit
KAPC is Kayne Anderson’s line of business focused on private credit that operates various fund vehicles targeting middle market first lien senior secured, unitranche, and split-lien loans. KAPC was established in 2011 and manages (indirectly through affiliates) AUM of approximately $7.1 billion related to middle market private credit as of December 31, 2024.
KAPC’s integrated and scaled platform combines direct loan origination, strong fundamental credit analysis and relative-value perspective.
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The Advisor – KA Credit Advisors II, LLC
Our investment activities are managed by our Advisor, an indirect controlled subsidiary of Kayne Anderson, and the Advisor operates within KAPC’s line of business. The Advisor is an investment advisor registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement. In accordance with the Advisors Act, our Advisor is responsible for originating prospective investments, conducting research and due diligence investigations on potential investments, analyzing investment opportunities, negotiating and structuring investments and monitoring our investments and portfolio companies on an ongoing basis. The Advisor benefits from the scale and resources of Kayne Anderson and specifically KAPC. While we do not have any employees, the Advisor and its affiliates have a team of approximately 33 investment professionals who are primarily focused on credit investments. The investment team is supported by a team of finance, legal, compliance, operations and administrative professionals.
The Advisor executes on our investment objective by (1) accessing the established loan sourcing channels developed by KAPC, which includes an extensive network of private equity firms, other middle market lenders, financial advisors, intermediaries and management teams, (2) selecting investments within our middle market company focus, (3) implementing KAPC’s underwriting process and (4) drawing upon its experience and resources and the broader Kayne Anderson network.
The Advisor’s investment committee has overall responsibility for evaluating and unanimously approving the Company’s investments, and its portfolio allocations, subject to the oversight of our Board. The Advisor’s investment committee review process is intended to bring the diverse experience and perspectives of the Advisor’s investment committee members to the analysis and consideration of every investment. The Advisor’s investment committee currently consists of Terrence J. Quinn, Vice Chairman of Kayne Anderson and Vice Chair of the Company; Paul S. Blank, President and Chief Operating Officer of Kayne Anderson; Douglas L. Goodwillie, Co-Head of Private Credit at Kayne Anderson and Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company; and Kenneth B. Leonard, Co-Head of Private Credit at Kayne Anderson and Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The Advisor’s investment committee also determines appropriate investment sizing and mandates ongoing monitoring requirements. Douglas L. Goodwillie and Kenneth B. Leonard, each a Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company, are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Company’s portfolio.
In addition to reviewing investments, the Advisor’s investment committee meetings serve as a forum to discuss credit views and outlooks. The Advisor’s investment committee also reviews potential transactions and deal flow on a regular basis. Members of the investment team are encouraged to share information and views on credit with the committee early in their analysis. We believe this process improves the quality of the analysis and enables investment team members to work more efficiently.
We make investments alongside certain entities and accounts advised by our Advisor and its affiliates. Under the 1940 Act, we are prohibited from knowingly participating in certain joint transactions with our affiliates without the prior approval of the independent directors and, in some cases, prior approval by the SEC. However, we generally make investments alongside affiliated entities and accounts pursuant to exemptive relief granted by the SEC to us, our Advisor, and certain of our affiliates on August 10, 2023. Pursuant to such exemptive relief, and subject to certain conditions, we are permitted to co-invest in the same security with our affiliates in a manner that is consistent with our investment objective, investment strategy, regulatory consideration and other relevant factors. If opportunities arise that would otherwise be appropriate for us and an affiliate to purchase different securities in the same issuer, our Advisor will need to decide which account will proceed with such investment. Our Advisor’s investment allocation policy incorporates the conditions of exemptive relief to seek to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated in a manner that is fair and equitable. See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure — We generally may make investments that could give rise to a conflict of interest and our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates will be restricted.”
The principal executive offices of our Advisor are located at 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 2200, Houston, Texas, 77002.
Private Offerings
We conduct private offerings of our Common Stock to investors in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). At the closing of any private offering, each investor will make a capital commitment (a “Capital Commitment”) to purchase shares of our common stock pursuant to a subscription agreement (the “Subscription Agreement”) entered into with us. Investors will be required to fund drawdowns to purchase shares of common stock up to the amount of their respective Capital Commitments each time we deliver a notice to the investors. We commenced our loan origination and investment activities contemporaneously with the initial drawdown from investors in the private offering on December 16, 2021 (the “Initial Closing”). Following the Initial Closing with three investors (the “Initial Investors”), our Advisor may permit one or more additional closings of the private offering. All purchases will generally be made pro rata in accordance with the investors’ Capital Commitments, at a per-share price as determined by our Board of Directors as of a date that is immediately prior to the date of the applicable drawdown. The per-share price will be at least equal to net asset value, or NAV, per share in accordance with the limitations under Section 23 of the 1940 Act.
Our initial private offering of shares of common stock was conducted in reliance on Regulation D under the Securities Act (“Regulation D”). Each of our Initial Investors was an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D of the Securities Act. The criteria required of Regulation D may not apply to investors in subsequent offerings.
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Our Initial Closing of the private offering was on December 16, 2021. Additional closings may occur from time to time as determined by us. We reserve the right to conduct additional offerings of securities in the future to investors unaffiliated with the Initial Investors, but such offerings will be subject to the consent or approval of the holders of the majority of the Company’s then outstanding shares of common stock. In the event that we enter into a Subscription Agreement with one or more investors after the Initial Closing, each such investor will be required to make purchases of shares of common stock (each, a “Catch-up Purchase”) on one or more dates to be determined by us. The aggregate purchase amount of any Catch-up Purchase will be equal to an amount necessary to ensure that, upon payment of the aggregate purchase amount, such investor will have contributed the same percentage of its Capital Commitment to us as all investors whose subscriptions were accepted at previous closings. Catch-up Purchases will be made at a per-share price as determined by our Board of Directors prior to the date of the applicable drawdown, or such other date as may be required to comply with the provisions of the 1940 Act. In order to more fairly allocate organizational expenses among all of our stockholders, investors subscribing after the Initial Closing will be required to pay a price per share above net asset value reflecting a variety of factors, including, without limitation, the total amount of our organizational and other expenses.
On February 13, 2025, we sold 4,754 shares of our common stock for a total aggregate offering price of $25 million. As of February 21, 2025, we had entered into subscription agreements with investors for an aggregate capital commitment of $353.5 million to purchase shares of common stock ($85.5 million is undrawn).
We conducted the following private offerings of our common stock associated with these subscription agreements during the year ended December 31, 2024.
| Capital call notice date | Common stock issue date | Common
stock shares issued | Aggregate offering amount ($ in millions) | |||||||
| February 2, 2024 | February 15, 2024 | 4,710 | $ | 25.0 | ||||||
| June 20, 2024 | July 3, 2024 | 4,745 | 25.0 | |||||||
| October 9, 2024 | October 23, 2024 | 4,754 | 25.0 | |||||||
| Total common stock issued | 14,209 | $ | 75.0 | |||||||
Commitment Period
Upon the conclusion of the five-year period after our Initial Closing (the “Commitment Period”), investors will be released from any further obligation to purchase additional shares of common stock with respect to a Capital Commitment. During the Commitment Period, no investor will be permitted to sell, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of its shares of common stock or Capital Commitment unless we provide our prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, and the transfer is otherwise made in accordance with applicable law; provided however an investor shall be permitted to sell, assign, or transfer its shares of common stock to its affiliate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon providing 60 days’ notice to the Company, a majority of the holders of the Company’s then outstanding shares of common stock may terminate the Commitment Period following the second anniversary of the Initial Closing. The approval of the requisite majority may be achieved through either a special meeting of holders of shares of common stock or written consent in the manner provided in the Company’s organizational documents. Our bylaws provide that a special meeting of stockholders will be called by the secretary of the corporation upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.
As part of certain credit facilities, the right to make capital calls of stockholders may be pledged as collateral to a lender, which will be able to call for capital contributions upon the occurrence of an event of default under such credit facility. To the extent such an event of default does occur, stockholders could therefore be required to fund any shortfall up to their remaining Capital Commitments, without regard to the underlying value of their investment.
Structure and Shareholder Agreements
Upon conclusion of the Commitment Period (the “Initial Term”), the Company will cease making new investments and commence an orderly disposition of our investments, unless we receive shareholder approval to extend the Initial Term. We have entered into several agreements, including subscription agreements, with the Initial Investors, which provide certain rights to such investors.
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Investment Advisory Agreement
On February 19, 2025, our Board approved an additional one-year term of the Investment Advisory Agreement through March 15, 2026. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, we pay our Advisor a fee for investment advisory and management services. The Investment Advisory Agreement may be terminated by either party with 60 days’ written notice.
Management Fee
The management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 0.75% of the fair market value of our investments including, in each case, assets purchased with borrowings under credit facilities, but excluding cash, U.S. government securities and commercial paper instruments maturing within one year of purchase.
For services rendered under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the management fee is payable quarterly in arrears and calculated based on the average value, at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, of our fair market value of investments, including, in each case, assets purchased with borrowings under credit facilities, but excluding cash, U.S. government securities and commercial paper instruments maturing within one year of purchase. Management fees for any partial quarter will be appropriately pro-rated.
Administration Agreement
On December 16, 2021, we entered into an administration agreement the (“Administration Agreement”) with our Advisor, which serves as our administrator (the “Administrator”) and provides or oversees the performance of its required administrative services and professional services rendered by others, which include (but are not limited to) accounting, payment of our expenses, legal, compliance, operations, technology and investor relations, preparation and filing of its tax returns, and preparation of financial reports provided to our stockholders and filed with the SEC.
On February 19, 2025, the Board approved an additional one-year term of the Administration Agreement through March 15, 2026.
We reimburse the Administrator for its costs and expenses incurred in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement. As the Company reimburses the Administrator for its expenses, those costs will be ultimately borne by stockholders. The Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party with 60 days’ written notice.
Since the inception of the Company, the Administrator has engaged sub-administrators to assist the Administrator in performing certain of its administrative duties. During this period, the Administrator has not sought reimbursement of its expenses other than expenses incurred by the sub-administrators. On March 28, 2023, the Administrator engaged Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC under a sub-administration agreement. Under the terms of the sub-administration agreement, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC provides fund administration and fund accounting services. Since March 28, 2023, the Company has paid fees to Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC, which constitute reimbursable expenses under the Administration Agreement. The Administrator may enter into additional sub-administration agreements with third parties to perform other administrative and professional services on behalf of the Administrator.
Risk Management
Broad Diversification. We diversify our investments by company, asset type, investment size and industry focus. Furthermore, we must meet certain diversification tests in order to qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes (the “Diversification Tests”). See “Item 1. Business — Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”
Hedging. We may hedge against interest rate fluctuations by using standard hedging instruments such as futures, options and forward contracts subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act and to applicable CFTC regulations. While hedging activities may insulate us against adverse changes in interest rates, they may also limit our ability to participate in benefits of such changes with respect to our portfolio of investments. The Advisor will claim relief from CFTC registration and regulation as a commodity pool operator with respect to our operations, with the result that we will be limited in our ability to use futures contracts or options on futures contracts or engage in swap transactions. Specifically, we will be subject to strict limitations on using such derivatives other than for hedging purposes, whereby the use of derivatives not used solely for hedging purposes is generally limited to situations where (i) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish such positions do not exceed five percent of the liquidation value of our portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such contracts we have entered into; or (ii) the aggregate net notional value of such derivatives does not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of our portfolio.
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Regulation as a Business Development Company
General
A BDC is a specialized investment vehicle that elects to be regulated under the 1940 Act as an investment company but is generally subject to less onerous requirements than other registered investment companies under a regime designed to encourage lending to U.S.-based small and mid-sized businesses. Unlike many similar types of investment vehicles that are restricted to being private entities, the stock of a BDC is permitted to trade in the public equity markets. BDCs are also eligible to elect to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. A RIC typically does not incur significant entity-level income taxes, because it is generally entitled to deduct distributions made to its stockholders.
Qualifying Assets
Under the 1940 Act, a BDC may not acquire any asset other than assets of the type listed in Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act, which are referred to as qualifying assets, unless, at the time the acquisition is made, qualifying assets represent at least 70% of the BDC’s total assets. The principal categories of qualifying assets relevant to our proposed business are the following:
| (1) | Securities purchased in transactions not involving any public offering from the issuer of such securities, which issuer (subject to certain limited exceptions) is an eligible portfolio company, or from any person who is, or has been during the preceding 13 months, an affiliated person of an eligible portfolio company, or from any other person, subject to such rules as may be prescribed by the SEC. An eligible portfolio company is defined in the 1940 Act as any issuer which: |
| (a) | is organized under the laws of, and has its principal place of business in, the United States; |
| (b) | is not an investment company (other than a small business investment company wholly owned by the BDC) or a company that would be an investment company but for certain exclusions under the 1940 Act; and |
| (c) | satisfies either of the following: |
| (i) | does not have any class of securities listed on a national securities exchange or has any class of securities listed on a national securities exchange subject to a $250 million market capitalization maximum; or |
| (ii) | is controlled by a BDC or a group of companies including a BDC, the BDC actually exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of the eligible portfolio company, and, as a result, the BDC has an affiliated person who is a director of the eligible portfolio company. |
| (2) | Securities of any eligible portfolio company which we control. |
| (3) | Securities purchased in a private transaction from a U.S. issuer that is not an investment company or from an affiliated person of the issuer, or in transactions incident thereto, if the issuer is in bankruptcy and subject to reorganization or if the issuer, immediately prior to the purchase of its securities, was unable to meet its obligations as they came due without material assistance other than conventional lending or financing arrangements. |
| (4) | Securities of an eligible portfolio company purchased from any person in a private transaction if there is no ready market for such securities and we already own 60% of the outstanding equity of the eligible portfolio company. |
| (5) | Securities received in exchange for or distributed on or with respect to securities described in (1) through (4) above, or pursuant to the exercise of warrants or rights relating to such securities. |
| (6) | Cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment. |
We may invest up to 30% of our portfolio opportunistically in “non-qualifying assets.”
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Managerial Assistance to Portfolio Companies
In addition, a BDC must be organized and have its principal place of business in the United States and must be operated for the purpose of making investments in the types of securities described in (1), (2), or (3) above under “—Regulation as a Business Development Company—Qualifying Assets.” However, in order to count portfolio securities as qualifying assets for the purpose of the 70% test, the BDC must either control the issuer of the securities or must offer to make available to the issuer of the securities significant managerial assistance. However, when the BDC purchases securities in conjunction with one or more other persons acting together, one of the other persons in the group may make available such managerial assistance. Making available managerial assistance means, among other things, any arrangement whereby the BDC, through its directors, officers or employees, offers to provide, and, if accepted, does so provide, significant guidance and counsel concerning the management, operations or business objectives and policies of a portfolio company.
Temporary Investments
Pending investment in other types of “qualifying assets,” as described above, our investments may consist of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which we refer to, collectively, as temporary investments, so that 70% of our assets are qualifying assets.
Senior Securities and Indebtedness
We will be permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of stock senior to our shares of common stock if our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 150% immediately after each such issuance. We are required to meet an asset coverage ratio of total assets (less total liabilities other than indebtedness) to total borrowings and other senior securities of at least 150%. If this ratio declines below 150%, we cannot incur additional leverage and could be required to sell a portion of our investments to repay some leverage when it is disadvantageous to do so. As defined in the 1940 Act, asset coverage of 150% means that for every $100 of net assets we hold, we may raise $200 from borrowing and issuing senior securities.
In addition, while any senior securities remain outstanding, we must make provisions to prohibit any distribution to our stockholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless we meet the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase. We may also borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of our total assets for temporary or emergency purposes without regard to asset coverage. Regulations governing our operations as a BDC will affect our ability to raise, and the method of raising, additional capital, which may expose us to risks.
Codes of Ethics
We and our Advisor have adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act that establishes procedures for personal investments and restricts certain personal securities transactions. Personnel subject to the joint code may invest in securities for their personal investment accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by us, so long as such investments are made in accordance with the code’s requirements. In addition, we have adopted a code of ethics applicable to our Principal Executive Officer, Principal Accounting Officer and senior financial officers pursuant to Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. You may review or download the codes of ethics from the SEC’s Edgar database as part of our filings under www.sec.gov, or by written request to the following: Chief Compliance Officer, Kayne Anderson, 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 2200, Houston, TX 77002.
Compliance Policies and Procedures
We make investments alongside certain entities and accounts advised by our Advisor and its affiliates. Under the 1940 Act, we are prohibited from knowingly participating in certain joint transactions with our affiliates without the prior approval of the independent directors and, in some cases, prior approval by the SEC. However, we generally make investments alongside affiliated entities and accounts pursuant to exemptive relief granted by the SEC to us, our Advisor, and certain of our affiliates on August 10, 2023. Pursuant to such exemptive relief, and subject to certain conditions, we are permitted to co-invest in the same security with our affiliates in a manner that is consistent with our investment objective, investment strategy, regulatory consideration and other relevant factors. If opportunities arise that would otherwise be appropriate for us and an affiliate to purchase different securities in the same issuer, our Advisor will need to decide which account will proceed with such investment. Our Advisor’s investment allocation policy incorporates the conditions of exemptive relief to seek to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated in a manner that is fair and equitable.
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We will be periodically examined by the SEC for compliance with the 1940 Act.
We are required to provide and maintain a bond issued by a reputable fidelity insurance company to protect us against larceny and embezzlement. Furthermore, as a BDC, we will be prohibited from protecting any director or officer against any liability to us or our stockholders arising from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office.
We and our Advisor have adopted and implemented written policies and procedures reasonably designed to detect and prevent violation of the federal securities laws and will be required to review these compliance policies and procedures annually for their adequacy and the effectiveness of their implementation and designate a chief compliance officer to be responsible for administering the policies and procedures.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, imposes a variety of regulatory requirements on companies with a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act and their insiders. Many of these requirements affect us. For example:
| ● | pursuant to Rule 13a-14 under the Exchange Act our principal executive officer and principal financial officer must certify the accuracy of the financial statements contained in our periodic reports; |
| ● | pursuant to Item 307 under Regulation S-K under the Securities Act our periodic reports must disclose our conclusions about the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures; |
| ● | pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act, our management must prepare an annual report regarding its assessment of our internal control over financial reporting and (once we cease to be an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act, or if later, for the year following our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC as a public company) must obtain an audit of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting performed by our independent registered public accounting firm; and |
| ● | pursuant to Item 308 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act and Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, our periodic reports must disclose whether there were significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses. |
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires us to review our current policies and procedures to determine whether we comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the regulations promulgated under such act. We will continue to monitor our compliance with all regulations that are adopted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and will take actions necessary to ensure that we comply with that act in the future.
JOBS Act
We currently are and expect to remain an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”), until the earliest of:
| ● | the last day of the fiscal year ending after the fifth anniversary of an Exchange Listing occurs; |
| ● | the end of the fiscal year in which our total annual gross revenues first exceed $1.07 billion; |
| ● | the date on which we have, during the prior three-year period, issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; and |
| ● | the last day of a fiscal year in which we (1) have an aggregate worldwide market value of our shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of $700 million or more, computed at the end of each fiscal year as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter and (2) have been an Exchange Act reporting company for at least one year (and filed at least one annual report under the Exchange Act). |
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Under the JOBS Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”), we are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which would require that our independent registered public accounting firm provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, until such time as we cease to be an emerging growth company and become an accelerated filer as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act. This may increase the risk that material weaknesses or other deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting go undetected.
Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have made an irrevocable election not to take advantage of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards. We therefore are subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
Commodities Exchange Act
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) and the SEC have issued final rules establishing that certain swap transactions are subject to CFTC regulation. Engaging in such swap transactions may cause us to fall within the definition of “commodity pool” under the Commodity Exchange Act and related CFTC regulations. The Advisor will rely on an exclusion from the definition of a CPO under CFTC Rule 4.5 because of our limited trading in commodity interests, and the Advisor will operate us as if we were not registered as a CPO, so that unlike a registered CPO, with respect to us, the Advisor is not required to deliver a Disclosure Document or an Annual Report (as those terms are used in the CFTC’s rules) to shareholders.
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
We have delegated our proxy voting responsibility to our Advisor. A summary of the Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures of our Advisor are set forth below. These policies and procedures will be reviewed periodically by our Advisor and, subsequent to our election to be regulated as a BDC, our non-interested directors, and, accordingly, are subject to change. For purposes of these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures described below, “we” “our” and “us” refers to our Advisor.
An investment advisor registered under the Advisers Act has a fiduciary duty to act solely in the best interests of its clients. As part of this duty, we recognize that we must vote the Company’s securities in a timely manner free of conflicts of interest and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders.
These policies and procedures for voting proxies for our investment advisory clients are intended to comply with Section 206 of, and Rule 206(4)-6 under, the Advisers Act.
We will vote proxies relating to our portfolio securities in what we believe to be the best interest of our stockholders. To ensure that our vote is not the product of a conflict of interest, we will require that: (1) anyone involved in the decision making process disclose to our chief compliance officer any potential conflict that he or she is aware of and any contact that he or she has had with any interested party regarding a proxy vote; and (2) employees involved in the decision making process or vote administration are prohibited from revealing how we intend to vote on a proposal in order to reduce any attempted influence from interested parties.
You may obtain information about how we voted proxies by making a written request for proxy voting information to: KA Credit Advisors II, LLC, 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 2200, Houston, TX 77002, Attention: Chief Compliance Officer.
Employees
We do not have any employees. Our day-to-day investment operations are managed by our Advisor and the Administrator. Any compensation paid for services relating to our financial reporting and compliance functions will be paid by our Administrator. As we reimburse the Administrator for its expenses, we will indirectly bear such cost.
Our Administrator engaged Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC under a sub-administration agreement to assist the Administrator in performing certain of its administrative duties. The Administrator may enter into additional sub-administration agreements with third-parties to perform other administrative and professional services on behalf of the Administrator. We will pay the fees associated with such functions on a direct basis without profit to our Administrator.
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Privacy Principles
We are committed to maintaining the privacy of our investors and to safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we may share information with select other parties.
We do not disclose any non-public personal information about our stockholders or a former stockholder to anyone, except as permitted by law or as is necessary in order to service stockholder accounts (for example, to a transfer agent or third-party administrator).
We restrict access to non-public personal information about our stockholders to employees of our Advisor and its affiliates with a legitimate business need for the information. We will maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards designed to protect the non-public personal information of our stockholders.
Reporting Obligations
Shareholders and the public may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549 and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Information on the operation of the SEC’s public reference room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090 or (800) SEC-0330. The reference to our website and the SEC’s website is an inactive textual reference only, and the information should not be considered a part of this Form 10-K.
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following discussion is a general summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to us and to an investment in our shares of common stock. This summary does not purport to be a complete description of the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to such an investment. For example, we have not described certain considerations that may be relevant to certain types of holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws, including persons who hold our common stock as part of a straddle or hedging, integrated or constructive sale transaction, stockholders subject to the alternative minimum tax, tax-exempt organizations, insurance companies, brokers or dealers in securities, traders in securities that elect to mark-to-market their securities holdings, pension plans and trusts, persons that have a functional currency (as defined in Section 985 of the Code) other than the U.S. dollar, U.S. expatriates, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, personal holding companies, persons who acquire an interest in the Company in connection with the performance of services and financial institutions. Such persons should consult with their own tax advisers as to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our shares of common stock, which may differ substantially from those described herein. This summary assumes that investors hold our shares of common stock as capital assets (within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code).
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The discussion is based upon the Code, Treasury regulations, and administrative and judicial interpretations, each as of the date of the filing of this annual report on Form 10-K and all of which are subject to change, possibly retroactively, which could affect the continuing validity of this discussion. We have not sought and will not seek any ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, regarding any offering of our shares of common stock. This summary does not discuss any aspects of U.S. estate or gift tax or foreign, state or local tax. It does not discuss the special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws that could result if we invested in tax-exempt securities or certain other investment assets. For purposes of this discussion, references to “dividends” are to dividends within the meaning of the U.S. federal income tax laws and associated regulations and may include amounts subject to treatment as a return of capital under section 19(a) of the 1940 Act. A return of capital distribution is a return to stockholders of a portion of their original investment in the Company and does not represent income or capital gains.
A “U.S. stockholder” is a beneficial owner of our shares of common stock that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
| ● | a citizen or individual resident of the United States; |
| ● | a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia; |
| ● | an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
| ● | a trust if either a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions or the trust was in existence on August 20, 1996, was treated as a U.S. person prior to that date, and has made a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person. |
A “non-U.S. stockholder” is a beneficial owner of our shares of common stock that is neither a U.S. stockholder nor a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
If a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds shares of common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective investor that is a partner in a partnership that will hold shares of common stock should consult its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of common stock.
Tax matters are very complicated and the tax consequences to an investor of an investment in our shares of common stock will depend on the facts of his, her or its particular situation. We encourage investors to consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific consequences of such an investment, including tax reporting requirements, the applicability of U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax laws, eligibility for the benefits of any applicable tax treaty, and the effect of any possible changes in the tax laws.
Election to Be Taxed as a RIC
We intend to elect to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. As a RIC, we generally will not have to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that we timely distribute to our stockholders as dividends. To qualify as a RIC, we must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements (as described below). In addition, to qualify for RIC treatment, we must distribute to our stockholders, for each taxable year, dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of our “investment company taxable income,” which is generally our net ordinary income plus the excess of realized net short-term capital gains over realized net long-term capital losses and determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, and 90% of our net tax-exempt interest income, if any (the “Annual Distribution Requirement”). Although not required for us to maintain our RIC tax status, in order to preclude the imposition of a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax imposed on RICs, we must distribute to our stockholders in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of our net ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of the excess (if any) of our realized capital gains over our realized capital losses, or capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses), generally for the one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) the sum of any net ordinary income plus capital gains net income for preceding years that were not distributed during such years and on which we paid no federal income tax (the “Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement”).
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Taxation as a RIC
If we:
| ● | qualify as a RIC; and |
| ● | satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement; |
then we will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of our investment company taxable income and net capital gain, defined as net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses, we distribute to stockholders. As a RIC, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on any net income or net capital gain not distributed (or deemed distributed) as dividends to our stockholders.
In order to qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we must, among other things:
| ● | have in effect an election to be treated as a BDC under the 1940 Act at all times during each taxable year; |
| ● | derive in each taxable year at least 90% of our gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale of stock or other securities, or other income derived with respect to our business of investing in such stock or securities, or currencies, other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (partnerships that are traded on an established securities market or tradable on a secondary market, other than partnerships that derive 90% of their income from interest, dividends and other permitted RIC income) (the “90% Income Test”); and |
| ● | diversify our holdings so that at the end of each quarter of the taxable year: |
| ● | at least 50% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities if such other securities of any one issuer do not represent more than 5% of the value of our assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer; and |
| ● | no more than 25% of the value of our assets is invested in the securities, other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs, of one issuer or of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable tax rules, by us and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships. |
We may be required to recognize taxable income in circumstances in which we do not receive cash. For example, if we hold debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having original issue discount (such as debt instruments with PIK interest or, in certain cases, increasing interest rates or issued with warrants), we must include in income each year a portion of the original issue discount that accrues over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by us in the same taxable year. We may also have to include in income other amounts that we have not yet received in cash, such as PIK interest and deferred loan origination fees that are paid after origination of the loan. Because any original issue discount or other amounts accrued will be included in our investment company taxable income for the year of accrual, we may be required to make a distribution to our shareholders in order to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement, even though we will not have received the corresponding cash amount.
We may invest in partnerships, including qualified publicly traded partnerships, which may result in our being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or other tax liabilities.
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In addition, as a RIC, we are subject to ordinary income and capital gain distribution requirements under U.S. federal excise tax rules for each calendar year (as discussed above). If we do not meet the required distributions, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on the undistributed amount. The failure to meet U.S. federal excise tax distribution requirements will not cause us to lose our RIC status. Although we currently intend to make sufficient distributions each taxable year to satisfy the U.S. federal excise tax requirements, under certain circumstances, we may choose to retain taxable income or capital gains in excess of current year distributions into the next tax year in an amount less than what would trigger payments of federal income tax under Subchapter M of the Code. We may then be required to pay a 4% excise tax on such income or capital gains.
A RIC is limited in its ability to deduct expenses in excess of its investment company taxable income. If our deductible expenses in a given taxable year exceed our investment company taxable income, we may incur a net operating loss for that taxable year. However, a RIC is not permitted to carry forward net operating losses to subsequent taxable years and such net operating losses do not pass through to its stockholders. In addition, deductible expenses can be used only to offset investment company taxable income, not net capital gain. A RIC may not use any net capital losses (that is, the excess of realized capital losses over realized capital gains) to offset its investment company taxable income, but may carry forward such net capital losses, and use them to offset future capital gains, indefinitely. Due to these limits on deductibility of expenses and net capital losses, we may for tax purposes have aggregate taxable income for several taxable years that we are required to distribute and that is taxable to our stockholders even if such taxable income is greater than the net income we actually earn during those taxable years.
Any underwriting fees paid by us with respect to our own stock are not deductible. We may be required to recognize taxable income in circumstances in which we do not receive cash. For example, if we hold debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having OID (such as debt instruments with PIK interest or, in certain cases, with increasing interest rates or issued with warrants), we must include in income each year a portion of the OID that accrues over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by us in the same taxable year. Because any OID accrued will be included in our investment company taxable income for the taxable year of accrual, we may be required to make a distribution to our stockholders in order to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement, even though we will not have received any corresponding cash amount. Furthermore, a portfolio company in which we hold equity or debt instruments may face financial difficulty that requires us to work out, modify, or otherwise restructure such equity or debt instruments. Any such restructuring could, depending upon the terms of the restructuring, cause us to incur unusable or nondeductible losses or recognize future non-cash taxable income.
Certain of our investment practices may be subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (1) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income as non-qualified dividend income, (2) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction as ineligible for such treatment, (3) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (4) convert lower-taxed long-term capital gain into higher-taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (5) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited), (6) cause us to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (8) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions and (9) produce income that will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Income Test. We intend to monitor our transactions and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these provisions and prevent our ability to be subject to tax as a RIC.
Gain or loss realized by us from warrants acquired by us as well as any loss attributable to the lapse of such warrants generally will be treated as capital gain or loss. Such gain or loss generally will be long term or short term, depending on how long we held a particular warrant.
Although we do not presently expect to do so, we are authorized to borrow funds and to sell assets in order to satisfy distribution requirements. However, under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to make distributions to our stockholders while our debt obligations and other senior securities are outstanding unless certain “asset coverage” tests are met. See “Item 1. Business — Regulation as a Business Development Company — Senior Securities and Indebtedness.” Moreover, our ability to dispose of assets to meet our distribution requirements may be limited by (1) the illiquid nature of our portfolio and/or (2) other requirements relating to our qualification as a RIC, including the Diversification Tests. If we dispose of assets in order to meet the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement, we may make such dispositions at times that, from an investment standpoint, are not advantageous.
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Some of the income and fees that we may recognize, such as fees for providing managerial assistance, certain fees earned with respect to our investments, income recognized in a work-out or restructuring of a portfolio investment, or income recognized from an equity investment in an operating partnership, will not satisfy the 90% Income Test. In order to manage the risk that such income and fees might disqualify us as a RIC for a failure to satisfy the 90% Income Test, we may be required to recognize such income and fees indirectly through one or more entities treated as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes (therefore, received amounts treated as dividends of such corporations). Such corporations will be required to pay U.S. corporate income tax on their earnings, which ultimately will reduce our return on such income and fees.
Failure to Qualify as a RIC
If we were unable to qualify for treatment as a RIC and are unable to cure the failure, for example, by disposing of certain investments quickly or raising additional capital to prevent the loss of RIC status, we would be subject to tax on all of our taxable income at regular corporate rates. The Code provides some relief from RIC disqualification due to failures to comply with the 90% Income Test and the Diversification Tests, although there may be additional taxes due in such cases. We cannot assure you that we would qualify for any such relief should we fail the 90% Income Test or the Diversification Tests.
Should failure occur, not only would all our taxable income be subject to tax at regular corporate rates, we would not be able to deduct dividend distributions to stockholders, nor would they be required to be made. Distributions, including distributions of net long-term capital gain, would generally be taxable to our stockholders as ordinary dividend income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. Subject to certain limitations under the Code, certain corporate stockholders would be eligible to claim a dividends received deduction with respect to such dividends and non-corporate stockholders would generally be able to treat such dividends as “qualified dividend income,” which is subject to reduced rates of U.S. federal income tax. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the stockholder’s tax basis, and any remaining distributions would be treated as a capital gain. If we fail to qualify as a RIC, we may be subject to regular corporate tax on any net built-in gains with respect to certain of our assets (i.e., the excess of the aggregate gains, including items of income, over aggregate losses that would have been realized with respect to such assets if we had been liquidated) that we elect to recognize on requalification or when recognized over the next five taxable years.
The remainder of this discussion assumes that we qualify as a RIC and have satisfied the Annual Distribution Requirement for each taxable year.
Taxation of U.S. Stockholders
Distributions by us generally are taxable to U.S. stockholders as ordinary income or capital gains. Distributions of our “investment company taxable income” (which is, generally, our net ordinary income plus net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses) will be taxable as ordinary income to U.S. stockholders to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares of common stock. To the extent such distributions paid by us to non-corporate stockholders (including individuals) are attributable to dividends from U.S. corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations and if certain holding period requirements are met, such distributions generally will be treated as qualified dividend income and generally eligible for a maximum U.S. federal tax rate of either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual stockholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts, and if other applicable requirements are met, such distributions generally will be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction to the extent such dividends have been paid by a U.S. corporation. In this regard, it is anticipated that distributions paid by us will generally not be attributable to dividends and, therefore, generally will not qualify for the preferential maximum U.S. federal tax rate applicable to non-corporate stockholders as well as will not be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction.
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Distributions of our net capital gains (which is generally our realized net long-term capital gains in excess of realized net short-term capital losses) properly reported by us as “capital gain dividends” will be taxable to a U.S. stockholder as long-term capital gains (currently generally at a maximum rate of either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual stockholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) in the case of individuals, trusts or estates, regardless of the U.S. stockholder’s holding period for his, her or its shares of common stock and regardless of whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares of common stock. Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits first will reduce a U.S. stockholder’s adjusted tax basis in such stockholder’s shares of common stock and, after the adjusted basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gains to such U.S. stockholder. Stockholders receiving dividends or distributions in the form of additional shares of common stock purchased in the market should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as receiving a distribution in an amount equal to the amount of money that the stockholders receiving cash dividends or distributions will receive, and should have a cost basis in the shares received equal to such amount. Stockholders receiving dividends in newly issued shares of common stock will be treated as receiving a distribution equal to the value of the shares received and should have a cost basis of such amount.
Although we currently intend to distribute any net capital gains at least annually, we may in the future decide to retain some or all of our net capital gains but designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that case, among other consequences, we will pay tax on the retained amount, each U.S. stockholder will be required to include their share of the deemed distribution in income as if it had been distributed to the U.S. stockholder, and the U.S. stockholder will be entitled to claim a credit or refund equal to their allocable share of the tax paid on the deemed distribution by us. The amount of the deemed distribution net of such tax will be added to the U.S. stockholder’s tax basis for their shares of common stock. Since we expect to pay tax on any retained net capital gains at our regular corporate tax rate, and since that rate is in excess of the maximum rate currently payable by individuals on long-term capital gains, the amount of tax that individual stockholders will be treated as having paid and for which they will receive a credit or refund will exceed the tax they owe on the retained net capital gain. Such excess generally may be claimed as a credit against the U.S. stockholder’s other U.S. federal income tax obligations or may be refunded to the extent it exceeds a stockholder’s liability for U.S. federal income tax. A stockholder that is not subject to U.S. federal income tax or otherwise required to file a U.S. federal income tax return would be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return on the appropriate form in order to claim a refund for the taxes we paid. In order to utilize the deemed distribution approach, we must provide written notice to our stockholders prior to the expiration of 60 days after the close of the relevant taxable year. We cannot treat any of our investment company taxable income as a “deemed distribution.”
For purposes of determining (1) whether the Annual Distribution Requirement is satisfied for any tax year and (2) the amount of capital gain dividends paid for that tax year, we may, under certain circumstances, elect to treat a dividend that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax year in question. If we make such an election, the U.S. stockholder will still be treated as receiving the dividend in the tax year in which the distribution is made. However, any dividend declared by us in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to stockholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated as if it had been received by our U.S. stockholders on December 31 of the calendar year in which the dividend was declared.
With respect to the reinvestment of dividends, if a U.S. Shareholder owns shares of common stock registered in its own name, the U.S. Shareholder will have all cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of common stock unless the U.S. Shareholder opts out of the reinvestment of dividends by delivering a written notice to our dividend paying agent prior to the record date of the next dividend or distribution. Any distributions reinvested will nevertheless remain taxable to the U.S. Shareholder. The U.S. Shareholder will have an adjusted basis in the additional shares of common stock purchased through the reinvestment equal to the amount of the reinvested distribution. The additional shares of common stock will have a new holding period commencing on the day following the day on which the shares are credited to the U.S. Shareholder’s account.
If an investor purchases shares of common stock shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the shares of common stock will include the value of the distribution and the investor will be subject to tax on the distribution even though it represents a return of their investment.
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A stockholder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss if the stockholder sells or otherwise disposes of their shares of common stock. Any gain arising from such sale or disposition generally will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the stockholder has held their shares of common stock for more than one year. Otherwise, it would be classified as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss arising from the sale or disposition of shares of common stock held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of capital gain dividends received, or undistributed capital gain deemed received, with respect to such shares of common stock. In addition, all or a portion of any loss recognized upon a disposition of shares of common stock may be disallowed if other shares of common stock are purchased (whether through reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of shares of common stock acquired will be increased to reflect the disallowed loss.
In general, individual U.S. stockholders are subject to a maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether the individual U.S. stockholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain, i.e., the excess of realized net long-term capital gain over realized net short-term capital loss for a taxable year, including a long-term capital gain derived from an investment in our shares of common stock. Such rate is lower than the maximum federal income tax rate on ordinary taxable income currently payable by individuals. Corporate U.S. stockholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum 21% rate also applied to ordinary income. Non-corporate stockholders incurring net capital losses for a tax year (i.e., net capital losses in excess of net capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year; any net capital losses of a non-corporate stockholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years as provided in the Code. Corporate stockholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
We will send to each of our U.S. stockholders, as promptly as possible after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing, on a per share and per distribution basis, the amounts includible in such U.S. stockholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the U.S. federal tax status of each calendar year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a U.S. stockholder’s particular situation. Dividends distributed by us generally will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the lower tax rates applicable to certain qualified dividends.
Until and unless we are treated as a “publicly offered regulated investment company” (within the meaning of Section 67 of the Code) as a result of either (1) shares of common stock and our preferred stock collectively being held by at least 500 persons at all times during a taxable year, (2) our shares of common stock being continuously offered pursuant to a public offering (within the meaning of Section 4 of the Securities Act) or (3) shares of common stock being treated as regularly traded on an established securities market for any taxable year, for purposes of computing the taxable income of U.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts or estates, (1) our earnings will be computed without taking into account such U.S. stockholders’ allocable shares of the management fees paid to our investment advisor and certain of our other expenses, (2) each such U.S. stockholder will be treated as having received or accrued a dividend from us in the amount of such U.S. stockholder’s allocable share of these fees and expenses for such taxable year, (3) each such U.S. stockholder will be treated as having paid or incurred such U.S. stockholder’s allocable share of these fees and expenses for the calendar year and (4) each such U.S. stockholder’s allocable share of these fees and expenses may be treated as miscellaneous itemized deductions by such U.S. stockholder. Miscellaneous itemized deductions are generally not deductible by a U.S. stockholder that is an individual, trust or estate through 2025 and beginning in 2026 and deductible only to the extent that the aggregate of such U.S. stockholder’s miscellaneous itemized deductions exceeds 2% of such U.S. stockholder’s adjusted gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Miscellaneous itemized deductions are not deductible at any time for purposes of the alternative minimum tax for individuals and will be subject an annual cap for income tax purposes for individuals beginning in 2026.
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Backup withholding, currently at a rate of 24%, may be applicable to all taxable distributions to any non-corporate U.S. stockholder (1) who fails to furnish us with a correct taxpayer identification number or a certificate that such stockholder is exempt from backup withholding or (2) with respect to whom the IRS notifies us that such stockholder has failed to properly report certain interest and dividend income to the IRS and to respond to notices to that effect. An individual’s taxpayer identification number is his or her social security number. Any amount withheld under backup withholding is allowed as a credit against the U.S. stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such stockholder to a refund, provided that proper information is timely provided to the IRS.
If a U.S. stockholder recognizes a loss with respect to shares of common stock of $2 million or more for an individual stockholder or $10 million or more for a corporate stockholder, the stockholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct stockholders of portfolio securities are in many cases exempted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, stockholders of a RIC are not exempted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. U.S. stockholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their specific circumstances.
A U.S. Shareholder that is a tax-exempt organization for U.S. federal income tax purposes and therefore generally exempt from U.S. federal income taxation may nevertheless be subject to taxation to the extent that it is considered to derive unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”). The direct conduct by a tax-exempt U.S. Shareholder of the activities we propose to conduct could give rise to UBTI. However, a BDC (and RIC) is a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes and its business activities generally will not be attributed to its shareholders for purposes of determining their treatment under current law. Therefore, a tax-exempt U.S. Shareholder generally should not be subject to U.S. taxation solely as a result of the shareholder’s ownership of our shares of common stock and receipt of dividends with respect to such common stock. Moreover, under current law, if we incur indebtedness, such indebtedness will not be attributed to a tax-exempt U.S. Shareholder. Therefore, a tax-exempt U.S. Shareholder should not be treated as earning income from “debt-financed property” and dividends we pay should not be treated as “unrelated debt-financed income” solely as a result of indebtedness that we incur. Legislation has been introduced in Congress in the past, and may be introduced again in the future, which would change the treatment of “blocker” investment vehicles interposed between tax-exempt investors and non-qualifying investments if enacted. In the event that any such proposals were to be adopted and applied to BDCs (and RICs), the treatment of dividends payable to tax-exempt investors could be adversely affected. In addition, special rules would apply if we were to invest in certain real estate mortgage investment conduits, which we do not currently plan to do, that could result in a tax-exempt U.S. Shareholder recognizing income that would be treated as UBTI.
An additional 3.8% federal tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from us and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of our shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceed certain threshold amounts.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders
The following discussion only applies to certain non-U.S. stockholders. Whether an investment in the shares of common stock is appropriate for a non-U.S. stockholder will depend upon that person’s particular circumstances. An investment in the shares of common stock by a non-U.S. stockholder may have adverse tax consequences. Non-U.S. stockholders should consult their tax advisors before investing in our shares of common stock.
Subject to the discussion below, distributions of our “investment company taxable income” to non-U.S. stockholders (including interest income, net short-term capital gain or foreign-source dividend and interest income, which generally would be free of withholding if paid to non-U.S. stockholders directly) will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal tax at a 30% rate (or lower rate provided by an applicable treaty) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits unless the distributions are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholder (and, if treaty applies, are attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment of the non-U.S. stockholder), in which case the distributions will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. persons. In that case, we will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the non-U.S. stockholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements such as providing IRS Form W-8ECI). Special certification requirements apply to a non-U.S. stockholder that is a foreign partnership or a foreign trust, and such entities are urged to consult their own tax advisors.
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Certain properly reported dividends received by a non-U.S. stockholder generally are exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax when they (1) are paid in respect of our “qualified net interest income” (generally, our U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which we are at least a 10% stockholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or (2) are paid in connection with our “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally, the excess of our net short-term capital gain over our long-term capital loss for a tax year) as well as if certain other requirements are satisfied. Nevertheless, it should be noted that in the case of shares of our stock held through an intermediary, the intermediary may have withheld U.S. federal income tax even if we reported the payment as an interest-related dividend or short-term capital gain dividend. Moreover, depending on the circumstances, we may report all, some or none of our potentially eligible dividends as derived from such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital gains, or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding.
Actual or deemed distributions of our net capital gains to a non-U.S. stockholder, and gains realized by a non-U.S. stockholder upon the sale of our shares of common stock, will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax and generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless the distributions or gains, as the case may be, are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholder and, if an income tax treaty applies, are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the non-U.S. stockholder in the United States or, in the case of an individual non-U.S. stockholder, the stockholder is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the year of the sale or capital gain dividend and certain other conditions are met.
If we distribute our net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions (which we may do in the future), a non-U.S. stockholder will be entitled to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the stockholder’s allocable share of the tax we pay on the capital gains deemed to have been distributed. In order to obtain the refund, the non-U.S. stockholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. stockholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number or file a U.S. federal income tax return. For a corporate non-U.S. stockholder, distributions (both actual and deemed), and gains realized upon the sale of our shares of common stock that are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business may, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate (or at a lower rate if provided for by an applicable treaty).
A non-U.S. stockholder who is a non-resident alien individual, and who is otherwise subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax, may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding of U.S. federal income tax on dividends unless the non-U.S. stockholder provides us or the dividend paying agent with a U.S. nonresident withholding tax certification (e.g., an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, or an acceptable substitute form) or otherwise meets documentary evidence requirements for establishing that it is a non-U.S. stockholder or otherwise establishes an exemption from backup withholding.
Withholding of U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) is required by the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or FATCA, provisions of the Code with respect to payments of dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive new reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Under proposed U.S. Treasury regulations, which may be relied upon until final U.S. Treasury regulations are published, there is no FATCA withholding on gross proceeds from the sale of disposition of shares of common stock or on certain capital gain distributions. Stockholders may be requested to provide additional information to enable the applicable withholding agent to determine whether withholding is required.
An investment in shares by a non-U.S. person may also be subject to U.S. federal estate tax. Non-U.S. persons should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the U.S. federal income tax, U.S. federal estate tax, withholding tax, and state, local and foreign tax consequences of acquiring, owning or disposing of our shares of common stock.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
Investing in our shares of common stock involves a number of significant risks. Before you invest in our shares of common stock, you should be aware of various risks, including those described below. The risks set out below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or not presently deemed material by us may also impair our business, operations and performance. If any of the following events occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected. In such case, our NAV could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The risk factors described below are the principal risk factors associated with an investment in us as well as those factors generally associated with an investment company with investment objectives, investment policies, capital structure or trading markets similar to ours.
Summary of Principal Risk Factors
Investing in our shares of common stock involves a number of significant risks. You should carefully consider information found in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K. Some of the risks involved in investing in our shares of common stock include:
Principal Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure
| ● | We have a limited operating history and our Advisor and its affiliates have limited experience advising BDCs and may not replicate the historical results achieved by other entities managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates. |
| ● | We use leverage pursuant to borrowings under credit facilities to finance our investments and changes in interest rates will affect our cost of capital and net investment income. |
| ● | We depend upon our Advisor and Administrator for our success and upon their access to the investment professionals and partners of Kayne Anderson and its affiliates. Any inability of the Advisor or the Administrator to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate investment opportunities, could adversely affect our business. |
| ● | Our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows depend on our ability to manage our business and future growth effectively. |
| ● | There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could affect our investment returns, including conflicts related to obligations the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates have to other clients and conflicts related to fees and expenses of such other clients. |
| ● | We generally may make investments that could give rise to a conflict of interest and our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates will be restricted. |
| ● | We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities, which could reduce returns and result in losses. |
| ● | We will be subject to corporate-level income tax if we are unable to continue to qualify as a RIC. |
| ● | We finance our investments with borrowings under credit facilities, which will magnify the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing in us. |
| ● | Adverse developments in the credit markets may impair our ability to enter into new credit facilities. |
| ● | The majority of our portfolio investments are recorded at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments. |
| ● | Our Board may change our investment objective, operating policies and strategies without prior notice or stockholder approval, and we may temporarily deviate from our regular investment strategy. |
| ● | Efforts to comply with the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act will involve significant expenditures, and non-compliance would adversely affect us and the value of our shares of common stock. |
| ● | We are highly dependent on information systems, and cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents may adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies, which may, in turn, negatively affect the value of our shares of common stock and our ability to pay distributions. |
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Principal Risks Relating to Our Investments
| ● | We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment, and rising interest rates could affect the value of our investments and make it more difficult for portfolio companies to make periodic payments on their loans. |
| ● | Our business is dependent on bank relationships and recent strain on the banking system may adversely impact us. |
| ● | We invest in highly leveraged companies, which could cause us to lose all or a part of our investment in those companies. |
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● | We are subject to risks associated with our investments in unitranche secured loans and securities, including the potential loss of all or part of such investments.
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| ● | Our investments in securities that are rated below investment grade (i.e. “junk bonds”) may be risky and we could lose all or part of our investments.
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| ● | Defaults by our portfolio companies, including defaults relating to collateral, will harm our operating results.
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| ● | The lack of liquidity in our investments may adversely affect our business. |
| ● | Our portfolio companies may prepay loans, which may reduce our yields if capital returned cannot be invested in transactions with equal or greater expected yields. |
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● | Our portfolio companies may be unable to repay or refinance outstanding principal on their loans at or prior to maturity. |
| ● | Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries, which will subject us to a risk of significant loss if any of these companies defaults on its obligations under any of its debt instruments or if there is a downturn in a particular industry. |
| ● | There is no assurance that portfolio company management will be able to operate their companies in accordance with our expectations.
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| ● | Our investments in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry face considerable uncertainties including significant regulatory challenges. |
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
| ● | There is no public market for our shares of common stock, and we cannot assure you that a market for our shares of common stock will develop in the future. |
| ● | During extended periods of capital market disruption and instability, there is a risk that you may not receive distributions or that our distributions may not grow over time and a portion of our distributions may be a return of capital. |
| ● | Our stockholders may experience dilution in their ownership percentage. |
Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure
We have a limited operating history and may not replicate the historical results achieved by other entities managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates.
We commenced operations in December 2021. We are subject to all of the business risks and uncertainties associated with any new business, including the risk that we will not achieve our investment objective, that we will not qualify or maintain our qualification to be treated as a RIC, and that the value of your investment could decline substantially.
The 1940 Act and the Code impose numerous constraints on the operations of BDCs and RICs that do not apply to certain other investment vehicles managed by our Advisor and its affiliates. BDCs are required, for example, to invest at least 70% of their total assets primarily in securities of U.S. private or thinly traded public companies, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and other high-quality debt instruments that mature in one year or less from the date of investment. Moreover, qualification for taxation as a RIC requires satisfaction of source-of-income, asset diversification and distribution requirements. Our Advisor has a limited operating history under these constraints, which may hinder our ability to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities and to achieve our investment objective.
Furthermore, our investments may differ from those of existing accounts that are or have been managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or affiliates of the Advisor. We cannot assure you that we will replicate the historical results achieved for other KAPC funds managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, and we caution you that our investment returns could be substantially lower than the returns achieved by them in prior periods. Additionally, all or a portion of the prior results may have been achieved in particular market conditions, which may never be repeated. Moreover, current or future market volatility and regulatory uncertainty may have an adverse impact on our future performance.
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We use leverage pursuant to borrowings under credit facilities to finance our investments and changes in interest rates will affect our cost of capital and net investment income.
We use leverage pursuant to borrowings under credit facilities and intend to further borrow under credit facilities in the future in order to finance our investments. As a result, our net investment income will depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow under credit facilities and the rate at which we invest these funds. In addition, we anticipate that many of our debt investments and borrowings under credit facilities will have floating interest rates that reset on a periodic basis, and many of our investments will be subject to interest rate floors. As a result, a significant change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our net investment income. See “Risks Relating to Our Investments—We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment, and rising interest rates could affect the value of our investments and make it more difficult for portfolio companies to make periodic payments on their loans.”
In periods of rising interest rates, our cost of funds will increase because we expect that the interest rates on the majority of amounts we borrow will be floating, which could reduce our net investment income to the extent any of our debt investments have fixed interest rates. We may use interest rate risk management techniques in an effort to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. Such techniques may include various interest rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and applicable commodities laws. These activities may limit our ability to benefit from lower interest rates with respect to hedged borrowings. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging transactions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “Risks Relating to Our Investments—We are subject to risks under hedging transactions and our ability to enter into transactions involving derivatives and financial commitment transactions may be limited.”
Downgrades of the U.S. credit rating, impending automatic spending cuts or government shutdowns could negatively impact our liquidity, financial condition and earnings.
The U.S. debt ceiling and budget deficit concerns have increased the possibility of credit-rating downgrades or a recession in the United States. Although U.S. lawmakers passed legislation to raise the federal debt ceiling on multiple occasions, including, most recently, in June 2023, ratings agencies have lowered, and threatened to lower the long-term sovereign credit rating on the United States. The legislation suspends the debt ceiling through early 2025 unless Congress takes legislative action to further extend or defer it.
The impact of the increased debt ceiling and/or downgrades to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or its perceived creditworthiness could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets and economic conditions. Absent further quantitative easing by the U.S. Federal Reserve, these developments could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact our ability to access the debt markets on favorable terms. In addition, disagreement over the federal budget has caused the U.S. federal government to shut down for periods of time. Continued adverse political and economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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We depend upon our Advisor and Administrator for our success and upon their access to the investment professionals and partners of Kayne Anderson and its affiliates. Any inability of the Advisor or the Administrator to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate investment opportunities, could adversely affect our business.
Our portfolio is subject to management risk because it is actively managed. Our Advisor applies investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for us, but there can be no guarantee that they will produce the desired results. We depend upon, and intend to rely significantly on, the Advisor’s and its affiliates’ relationships with private equity sponsors, financial intermediaries, direct lending institutions and other counterparties that are active in our markets.
We do not have any internal management capacity or employees. We depend upon Kayne Anderson’s key personnel for our future success and upon their access to certain individuals and investment opportunities to execute on our investment objective. In particular, we depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of our portfolio managers, who evaluate, negotiate, structure, close and monitor our investments. These individuals manage a number of investment vehicles on behalf of Kayne Anderson and, as a result, do not devote all of their time to managing us, which could negatively impact our performance. Furthermore, these individuals do not have long-term employment contracts with Kayne Anderson, although they do have equity interests and other financial incentives to remain with Kayne Anderson. We also depend on the senior management of Kayne Anderson. The departure of any of our portfolio managers or the senior management of Kayne Anderson could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our investment objective. In addition, we can offer no assurance that our Advisor will remain our investment advisor or that we will continue to have access to Kayne Anderson’s industry contacts and deal flow. Furthermore, if the Advisor fails to maintain such relationships, or to develop new relationships with other sources of investment opportunities, we will not be able to grow our investment portfolio. This could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of the professionals available to our Administrator to carry out the administrative functions necessary for us to operate, including the ability to select and engage sub-administrators and third-party service providers. We can offer no assurance, however, that the professionals of the Administrator will continue to provide administrative services to us. This could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows depend on our ability to manage our business and future growth effectively.
Our ability to achieve our investment objective depends on our ability to manage and grow our business, which depends, in turn, on the Advisor’s ability to identify, invest in and monitor companies that meet our investment selection criteria. Accomplishing this result on a cost-effective basis is largely a function of the Advisor’s structuring of the investment process, its ability to provide competent, attentive and efficient services to us and our access to financing on acceptable terms. The management team of the Advisor has substantial responsibilities under our Investment Advisor Agreement. We can offer no assurance that any current or future employees of the Advisor will contribute effectively to the work of, or remain associated with, the Advisor. We caution you that the principals of our Advisor or Administrator may also be called upon to provide and currently do provide managerial assistance to portfolio companies and other investment vehicles, including other BDCs, which are managed by affiliates of the Advisor. Such demands on their time may distract them or slow our rate of investment. Any failure to manage our future growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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The Advisor may frequently be required to make investment analyses and decisions on an expedited basis in order to take advantage of investment opportunities, and our Advisor may not have knowledge of all circumstances that could impact an investment by the Company.
Investment analyses and decisions by the Advisor may frequently be required to be undertaken on an expedited basis to take advantage of investment opportunities, and the Advisor may not have knowledge of all circumstances that could adversely affect an investment by us. Moreover, there can be no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts that would be material to an investment decision. Before making an investment, we will assess the strength of the underlying assets and other factors that we believe are material to the performance of the investment. In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, we will rely on the resources available to us and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. This process is particularly important and highly subjective.
We may make investments in, or loans to, companies that are not subject to public company reporting requirements including requirements regarding preparation of financial statements and our portfolio companies may utilize divergent reporting standards that may make it difficult for the Advisor to accurately assess the prior performance of a portfolio company. We will, therefore, depend upon the compliance by investment companies with their contractual reporting obligations. As a result, the evaluation of potential investments and our ability to perform due diligence on and effectively monitor investments may be impeded, and we may not realize the returns that we expect on any particular investment. In the event of fraud by any company in which we invest or with respect to which we make a loan, we may suffer a partial or total loss of the amounts invested in that company.
There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could affect our investment returns, including conflicts related to obligations the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates have to other clients and conflicts related to fees and expenses of such other clients, the valuation process for certain portfolio holdings of ours, other arrangements with the Advisor or its affiliates, and the Advisor’s recommendations given to us may differ from those rendered to their other clients.
As a result of our arrangements with the Advisor and its affiliates and the Advisor’s investment committee, there may be times when the Advisor or such persons have interests that differ from those of our stockholders, giving rise to a conflict of interest.
In particular, the following conflicts of interest may arise, among others:
| ● | the members of the Advisor’s investment committee serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals of entities that operate in the same or a related line of business as we do or of accounts sponsored or managed by the Advisor or its affiliates; |
| ● | the Advisor, its affiliates and its personnel may have obligations to other clients or investors in entities they manage, the fulfilment of which may not be in the best interests of us or our stockholders; |
| ● | our investment objective may overlap with the investment objectives of such affiliated accounts; |
| ● | certain of the Advisor’s other accounts may provide for higher management or incentive fees, greater expense reimbursements or overhead allocations, or permit affiliates of the Advisor to receive origination and other transaction fees; |
| ● | members of Kayne Anderson and its affiliates may serve on the boards of directors of and advise companies that may compete with our portfolio investments. Moreover, other funds, separate accounts and other vehicles managed by Kayne Anderson and its affiliates may pursue investment opportunities that may also be suitable for us; and |
| ● | the participation of the Advisor’s investment professionals in our valuation process could result in a conflict of interest as the Advisor’s base management fee is based, in part, on our fair market value of investments including assets purchased with borrowings under credit facilities, excluding cash, U.S. government securities and commercial paper instruments maturing within one year of purchase. |
The Advisor may have an incentive to invest in deferred interest securities in circumstances where it would not have done so but for the opportunity to continue to earn the fees even when the issuers of the deferred interest securities would not be able to make actual cash payments to us on such securities. This risk could be increased because the Advisor is not obligated to reimburse us for any fees received even if we subsequently incur losses or never receive in cash the deferred income that was previously accrued.
The Advisor seeks to allocate investment opportunities among eligible accounts in a manner that is fair and equitable over time and consistent with its allocation policy. However, we can offer no assurance that such opportunities will be allocated to us fairly or equitably in the short term, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to participate in all investment opportunities that are suitable to us.
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The Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates may, from time to time, possess material non-public information, limiting our investment discretion.
Principals of the Advisor and its affiliates and members of the Advisor’s investment committee may serve as directors of, or in a similar capacity with, companies in which we invest, the securities of which are purchased or sold on our behalf. In the event that material nonpublic information is obtained with respect to such companies, or we become subject to trading restrictions under the internal trading policies of those companies or as a result of applicable law or regulations (for example, the antifraud provisions for the federal securities laws), we could be prohibited for a period of time from purchasing or selling the securities of such companies, and this prohibition may have an adverse effect on us.
The Investment Advisory Agreement and the Administration Agreement were not negotiated on an arm’s-length basis and may not be as favorable to us as if they had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party.
The Investment Advisory Agreement and the Administration Agreement were negotiated between related parties. Consequently, their terms, including fees payable to the Advisor, may not be as favorable to us as if they had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party. For example, certain accounts managed by the Advisor have lower management, incentive or other fees than those charged under the Investment Advisory Agreement and/or a reduced ability to recover expenses and overhead than may be recovered by the Administrator under the Administration Agreement. In addition, we may choose not to enforce, or to enforce less vigorously, our rights and remedies under these agreements because of our desire to maintain our ongoing relationship with the Advisor, the Administrator and their respective affiliates. Any such decision, however, would breach our fiduciary obligations to our stockholders.
We generally may make investments that could give rise to a conflict of interest and our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates will be restricted.
We, along with our Advisor and certain of its affiliates, have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit us to invest alongside certain entities and accounts advised by the Advisor and its affiliates subject to certain conditions.
Pursuant to such exemptive relief, and subject to certain conditions, we are permitted to co-invest in the same security with our affiliates in a manner that is consistent with our investment objective, investment strategy, regulatory consideration and other relevant factors. If opportunities arise that would otherwise be appropriate for us and an affiliate to purchase different securities in the same issuer, our Advisor will need to decide which account will proceed with such investment. Our Advisor’s investment allocation policy incorporates the conditions of exemptive relief to seek to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated in a manner that is fair and equitable. However, although the Advisor endeavors to fairly allocate investment opportunities in the long run, we can offer no assurance that investment opportunities will be allocated to us fairly or equitably in the short term.
We do not expect to invest in, or hold securities of, companies that are controlled by our affiliates’ other clients. If our affiliates’ other client or clients gain control over one of our portfolio companies, this may create conflicts of interest and subject us to certain restrictions under the 1940 Act. As a result of these conflicts and restrictions our Advisor may be unable to implement our investment strategies as effectively as it could have in the absence of such conflicts or restrictions. For example, as a result of a conflict or restriction, our Advisor may be unable to engage in certain transactions that it would otherwise pursue. In order to avoid these conflicts and restrictions, our Advisor may choose to exit these investments prematurely and, as a result, we may forgo positive returns associated with such investments. In addition, to the extent that another client holds a different class of securities than us as a result of such transactions, our interests may not be aligned. Our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates may be restricted.
In situations where co-investment with affiliates’ other clients is not permitted under the 1940 Act and related rules, existing or future staff guidance, or the terms and conditions of exemptive relief that have been granted to our Advisor and its affiliates by the SEC, our Advisor will need to decide which client or clients will proceed with the investment. Generally, we will not have an entitlement to make a co-investment in these circumstances and, to the extent that another client elects to proceed with the investment, we will not be permitted to participate. Moreover, except in certain circumstances, we will be unable to invest in any issuer in which an affiliate’s other client holds a controlling interest. These restrictions may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us.
We will be prohibited under the 1940 Act from participating in certain transactions with certain affiliates of ours without the prior approval of a majority of our independent directors and, in some cases, the SEC. Any person that owns, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of our outstanding voting securities will be our affiliate for purposes of the 1940 Act, and we will generally be prohibited from buying or selling any securities from or to such affiliate on a principal basis, absent the prior approval of our Board and, in some cases, the SEC. The 1940 Act also prohibits certain “joint” transactions with certain affiliates of ours, which in certain circumstances could include investments in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or different times to the extent the transaction involves a joint investment), without prior approval of our Board and, in some cases, the SEC. If a person acquires more than 25% of our voting securities, we will be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to such person or certain of that person’s affiliates, or entering into prohibited joint transactions with such persons, absent the prior approval of the SEC. Similar restrictions limit our ability to transact business with our officers or directors or their affiliates.
The SEC has interpreted the BDC regulations governing transactions with affiliates to prohibit certain “joint transactions” involving entities that share a common investment advisor. As a result of these restrictions, we may be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to any portfolio company that is controlled by a fund managed by the Advisor or their respective affiliates except under certain circumstances or without the prior approval of the SEC, which may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us.
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We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities, which could reduce returns and result in losses.
There will be competition for investments from numerous other potential investors, many of which will have significant financial resources. As a result, there can be no guarantee that a sufficient quantity of suitable investment opportunities for us will be found, that investments on favorable terms can be negotiated, or that we will be able to fully realize the value of our investments. Competition for investments may have the effect of increasing our costs and expenses or otherwise decreasing returns generated on underlying investments, thereby reducing our investment returns.
A number of entities compete with us to make the types of investments that we plan to make in middle market companies, including BDCs, traditional commercial banks, private investment funds, regional banking institutions, small business investment companies, investment banks and insurance companies. Additionally, with increased competition for investment opportunities, alternative investment vehicles such as hedge funds may seek to invest in areas they have not traditionally invested in or from which they had withdrawn during the economic downturn, including investing in middle market companies. We will compete with public and private funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies and, to the extent they provide an alternative form of financing, private equity and hedge funds. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. For example, we believe some of our competitors may have access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than we do. Furthermore, many of our competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on us as a BDC or the source of income, asset diversification and distribution requirements we must satisfy to qualify and maintain our qualification as a RIC. As a result of this competition, we may from time to time not be able to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities, and we may not be able to identify and make investments that are consistent with our investment objective.
With respect to the investments we make, we do not seek to compete based primarily on the interest rates we offer, and we believe that some of our competitors may make loans with interest rates that will be lower than the rates we offer. With respect to all investments, we may lose some investment opportunities if we do not match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure. However, if we match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure, we may experience decreased net interest income, lower yields and increased risk of credit loss. Although our Advisor allocates opportunities in accordance with its allocation policy, allocations to other accounts managed or sponsored by our Advisor or its affiliates reduce the amount and frequency of opportunities available to us and may not be in the best interests of us and our stockholders.
The competitive pressures we face may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We will be subject to corporate-level income tax if we are unable to continue to qualify as a RIC.
We have elected, and intend to qualify annually thereafter, to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code; however, no assurance can be given that we will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment. In order to qualify, and maintain qualification, as a RIC under the Code, we must meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification and distribution requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if we distribute to our stockholders dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to the sum of 90% of our investment company taxable income, which is generally our net ordinary income plus the excess of our net short-term capital gains in excess of our net long-term capital losses, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, and 90% of our net tax-exempt interest income, if any, to our stockholders on an annual basis. We are subject, to the extent we use debt financing, to certain asset coverage ratio requirements under the 1940 Act and financial covenants under loan and credit agreements that could, under certain circumstances, restrict us from making distributions necessary to qualify as a RIC. If we are unable to obtain cash from other sources, we may fail to be subject to tax as a RIC and, thus, may be subject to corporate-level income tax. To qualify as a RIC, we must also meet certain asset diversification requirements at the end of each quarter of our taxable year. Failure to meet these requirements may result in our having to dispose of certain investments quickly in order to prevent the loss of our qualification as a RIC. Because a significant portion of our investments are in private or thinly traded public companies, any such dispositions could be made at disadvantageous prices and may result in substantial losses. If we fail to qualify as a RIC for any reason and become subject to corporate-level income tax, the resulting corporate taxes could substantially reduce our net assets, the amount of income available for distributions to stockholders and the amount of our distributions and the amount of funds available for new investments. Such a failure would have a material adverse effect on us and our stockholders.
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We may be subject to risks that may arise in connection with the rules under ERISA related to investment by ERISA Plans.
We intend to operate so that we will be an appropriate investment for employee benefit plans subject to Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”). We will use reasonable efforts to conduct our affairs so that our assets will not be deemed to be “plan assets” for purposes of ERISA. Accordingly, there may be constraints on our ability to make or dispose of investments at optimal times (or to make certain investments at all).
We may have difficulty paying our required distributions if we recognize income before, or without, receiving cash representing such income.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, we include in income certain amounts that we have not yet received in cash, such as the accretion of original issue discount (“OID”). This may arise if we receive warrants in connection with the making of a loan and in other circumstances, or through contracted PIK interest, which represents contractual interest added to the loan balance and due at the end of the loan term. Such OID, which could be significant relative to our overall investment activities or increases in loan balances as a result of contracted PIK arrangements, is included in income before we receive any corresponding cash payments. We also may be required to include in income certain other amounts that we do not receive in cash. We may be also subject to the following risks associated with PIK and OID investments:
| ● | The interest payments deferred on a PIK loan are subject to the risk that the borrower may default when the deferred payments are due in cash at the maturity of the loan; |
| ● | The interest rates on PIK loans are higher to reflect the time-value of money on deferred interest payments and the higher credit risk of borrowers who may need to defer interest payments; |
| ● | Market prices of OID instruments are more volatile because they are affected to a greater extent by interest rate changes than instruments that pay interest periodically in cash; |
| ● | PIK instruments may have unreliable valuations because the accruals require judgments about ultimate collectability of the deferred payments and the value of the associated collateral; |
| ● | Use of PIK and OID securities may provide certain benefits to our Advisor including increasing management fees; |
| ● | We may be required under the tax laws to make distributions of OID income to stockholders without receiving any cash. Such required cash distributions may have to be paid from borrowings, offering proceeds or the sale of our assets; and |
| ● | The required recognition of OID, including PIK, interest for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have a negative impact on liquidity, because it represents a non-cash component of our taxable income that must, nevertheless, be distributed in cash to investors to avoid it being subject to corporate level taxation. |
Since in certain cases we may recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the requirement in a given taxable year to distribute to our stockholders dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of our investment company taxable income, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, and 90% of our net tax-exempt interest income, if any, to our stockholders to qualify and maintain our ability to be subject to tax as a RIC. In such a case, we may have to sell some of our investments at times we would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital or reduce new investment originations to meet these distribution requirements. If we are not able to obtain such cash from other sources, we may fail to qualify as a RIC and thus be subject to corporate-level income tax.
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Regulations governing our operation as a BDC affect our ability to, and the way in which we, raise additional capital. As a BDC, the necessity of raising additional capital exposes us to risks, including the typical risks associated with leverage.
We intend to further borrow under credit facilities and, may issue preferred stock in the future (although we do not anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months), which we refer to collectively as “senior securities,” up to the maximum amount permitted by the 1940 Act. Under the provisions of the 1940 Act, we are currently permitted to issue “senior securities,” including borrowing money from banks or other financial institutions, only in amounts such that our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, equals at least 150% of gross assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, after each issuance of senior securities. If we fail to comply with certain disclosure requirements, our asset coverage ratio under the 1940 Act would be 200%, which would decrease the amount of leverage we are able to incur.
Nevertheless, if the value of our assets declines, we may be unable to satisfy this ratio. If that happens, we may be required to sell a portion of our investments and, depending on the nature of our leverage, repay a portion of our indebtedness at a time when such sales may be disadvantageous. Also, any amounts that we use to service our indebtedness would not be available for distributions to holders of our shares of common stock. If we issue senior securities, we will be exposed to typical risks associated with leverage, including an increased risk of loss. In addition, if the value of our assets decreases, leverage will cause our net asset value to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have without leverage or with lower leverage. Similarly, any decrease in our revenue would cause its net income to decline more sharply than it would have if we had not borrowed or had borrowed less under the credit facilities.
In the absence of an event of default, no person or entity from which we borrow money has a veto right or voting power over our ability to set policy, make investment decisions or adopt investment strategies. If we issue preferred stock, which is another form of leverage, the preferred stock would rank “senior” to common stock in our capital structure, preferred stockholders would have separate voting rights on certain matters and might have other rights, preferences or privileges more favorable than those of our common stockholders, and the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change of control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our common stockholders. Holders of our common stock will directly or indirectly bear all of the costs associated with offering and servicing any preferred stock that we issue. In addition, any interests of preferred stockholders may not necessarily align with the interests of holders of our shares of common stock, and the rights of holders of shares of preferred stock to receive distributions would be senior to those of holders of shares of common stock. We do not, however, anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months.
We are not generally able to issue and sell our shares of common stock at a price below NAV per share. We may, however, sell our shares of common stock, or warrants, options or rights to acquire our shares of common stock, at a price below the then-current NAV per share of our common stock if our Board determines that such sale is in the best interests of us and our stockholders, and if our stockholders approve such sale. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of our Board, closely approximates the market value of such securities (less any distributing commission or discount). If we raise additional funds by issuing common stock or senior securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our common stock, then the percentage ownership of our stockholders at that time will decrease, and holders of our common stock might experience dilution.
We finance our investments with borrowings under credit facilities, which will magnify the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing in us.
The use of leverage magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested. The use of leverage is generally considered a speculative investment technique and increases the risks associated with investing in our securities. The amount of leverage that we employ will depend on the Advisor’s and our Board’s assessment of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain credit at all or on terms acceptable to us. For example, due to the interplay of the 1940 Act restrictions on principal and joint transactions and the U.S. risk retention rules adopted pursuant to Section 941 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”), as a BDC we are currently unable to enter into any securitization transactions. We cannot assure you that the SEC or any other regulatory authority will modify such regulations or provide administrative guidance that would permit us to enter into securitizations, whether on a timely basis or at all. We may issue senior debt securities to banks, insurance companies and other lenders. Lenders of these senior securities will have fixed dollar claims on our assets that are superior to the claims of our common stockholders, and we would expect such lenders to seek recovery against our assets in the event of a default. We may pledge up to 100% of our assets and may grant a security interest in all of our assets under the terms of any debt instruments we may enter into with lenders. In addition, under the terms of our credit facilities or future credit facilities we enter into, we are likely to be required by its terms to use the net proceeds of any investments that we sell to repay a portion of the amount borrowed under such facility or instrument before applying such net proceeds to any other uses. If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging would cause our NAV to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have had we not leveraged, thereby magnifying losses or eliminating our equity stake in a leveraged investment. Similarly, any decrease in our net investment income will cause our net income to decline more sharply than it would have had we not borrowed. Such a decline would also negatively affect our ability to make distributions on our common stock or any outstanding preferred stock. Our ability to service our debt depends largely on our financial performance and is subject to prevailing economic conditions and competitive pressures. Our common stockholders bear the burden of any increase in our expenses as a result of our use of leverage, including interest expenses and any increase in the base management fee payable to the Advisor.
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As a BDC, we generally are required to meet a coverage ratio of total assets to total borrowings and other senior securities, which include our borrowings under our credit facilities and any preferred stock that we may issue in the future (although we do not anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months). The current asset coverage ratio applicable to the Company is 150%. If this ratio were to decline below the then applicable minimum asset coverage ratio, we would be unable to incur additional debt and could be required to sell a portion of our investments to repay some debt when it is disadvantageous to do so. This could have a material adverse effect on our operations, and we may not be able to make distributions in amounts sufficient to maintain our status as a RIC, or at all.
Provisions in our credit facilities contain various covenants, which, if not complied with, could accelerate our repayment obligations under such facilities, thereby materially and adversely affecting our liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay distributions.
Our credit facilities are backed by all or a portion of our loans and securities on which the lenders have a security interest. We may pledge up to 100% of our assets and may grant a security interest in all of our assets under the terms of any debt instrument we enter into with the lenders pursuant to our credit facilities. We expect that any security interests we grant will be set forth in a pledge and security agreement or other collateral arrangement and evidenced by the filing of financing statements by the agent for the lenders. In addition, we expect that the custodian for our securities serving as collateral for such loan would include in its electronic systems notices indicating the existence of such security interests and, following notice of occurrence of an event of default, if any, and during its continuance, will only accept transfer instructions with respect to any such securities from the lender or its designee. If we default under the terms of our credit facilities, the agent for the applicable lenders would be able to assume control of the timing of disposition of any or all of our assets securing such debt, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In addition, any security interests and/or negative covenants contained in our credit facilities may limit our ability to create liens on assets to secure additional debt and make it difficult for us to restructure or refinance indebtedness at or prior to maturity. If our borrowing base under a credit facility decreases, we may be required to secure additional assets in an amount sufficient to cure any borrowing base deficiency. In the event that all of our assets are secured at the time of such a borrowing base deficiency, we could be required to repay indebtedness under a credit facility or make deposits to a collection account, either of which could have a material adverse impact on our ability to fund future investments and to make distributions. We have made customary representations and warranties and are required to comply with various covenants, reporting requirements (including requirements relating to portfolio performance, required minimum portfolio yield and limitations on delinquencies and charge-offs) and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities.
Our continued compliance with the covenants contained under the credit facilities depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control, and there can be no assurances that we will continue to comply with such covenants. Our failure to satisfy the respective covenants could result in foreclosure by the lenders under the applicable credit facility or governing instrument or acceleration by the applicable lenders or noteholders, which would accelerate our repayment obligations under the relevant agreement and thereby have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. Because the credit facilities have, and any future credit facilities will likely have, customary cross-default provisions, if the indebtedness under our credit facilities or under any future credit facility, is accelerated, we may be unable to repay or finance the amounts due.
Adverse developments in the credit markets may impair our ability to enter into new credit facilities.
Following the passage of Dodd-Frank, many commercial banks and other financial institutions stopped lending or significantly curtailed their lending activity. In addition, in an effort to stem losses and reduce their exposure to segments of the economy deemed to be high risk, some financial institutions limited routine refinancing and loan modification transactions and even reviewed the terms of existing facilities to identify bases for accelerating the maturity of existing lending facilities. To the extent these circumstances arise again in the future, it may be difficult for us to finance the growth of our investments on acceptable economic terms, or at all, and one or more of our credit facilities could be accelerated by the lenders.
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If we do not invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could fail to qualify as a BDC or be precluded from investing according to our current business strategy and such failure would decrease our operating flexibility.
As a BDC, we may not acquire any assets other than “qualifying assets” unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such acquisition, at least 70% of our total assets are qualifying assets.
In the future, we believe that most of our investments will constitute qualifying assets. However, we may be precluded from investing in what we believe are attractive investments if such investments are not qualifying assets for purposes of the 1940 Act. If we do not invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could violate the 1940 Act provisions applicable to BDCs. As a result of such violation, specific rules under the 1940 Act would significantly decrease our operating flexibility and could prevent us, for example, from making follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies (which could result in the dilution of our position) or could require us to dispose of investments at inappropriate times in order to come into compliance with the 1940 Act. If we need to dispose of such investments quickly, it could be difficult to dispose of such investments on favorable terms. We may not be able to find a buyer for such investments and, even if we do find a buyer, we may have to sell the investments at a substantial loss. Any such outcomes would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The majority of our portfolio investments are recorded at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments.
The majority of our portfolio investments take the form of securities for which no market quotations are readily available. The fair value of securities and other investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily determinable, and we value these securities at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor, including to reflect significant events affecting the value of our securities. As discussed in more detail under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Obligations -- Investment Valuation,” most, if not all, of our investments (other than cash and cash equivalents) are classified as Level 3 under ASC Topic 820. This means that our portfolio valuations are based on unobservable inputs and our own assumptions about how market participants would price the asset or liability in question. Inputs into the determination of fair value of our portfolio investments require significant management judgment or estimation. Even if observable market data are available, such information may be the result of consensus pricing information or broker quotes, which may include a disclaimer that the broker would not be held to such a price in an actual transaction. The non-binding nature of consensus pricing and/or quotes accompanied by disclaimers materially reduces the reliability of such information.
Our Level 3 investments will typically consist of instruments for which a liquid trading market does not exist. The fair value of these instruments may not be readily determinable. We will value these instruments in accordance with valuation procedures adopted by our Advisor. We intend to use the services of an independent valuation firm to review the fair value of certain instruments prepared by our Advisor. At least once annually, the valuation for each portfolio investment for which a market quote is not readily available will be reviewed by an independent valuation firm. The types of factors that the Advisor may consider in fair value pricing of our investments include, where relevant: the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the company’s ability to make interest payments, amortization payments (if any) and other fixed charges; the company’s historical and projected financial results; the markets in which the company does business; the estimated enterprise value of the company based on comparisons to publicly-traded securities, on discounted cash flows and other valuation methodologies; changes in the interest rate environments and the credit markets generally that may affect the price at which similar investments may be made; and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of non-traded instruments and private companies, are inherently uncertain, they may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates. The determination of fair value by our Advisor may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a liquid trading market for these instruments existed. Our NAV could be adversely affected if the determinations regarding the fair value of our investments were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon the disposal of such investments.
We adjust quarterly (or as otherwise may be required by the 1940 Act in connection with the issuance of our shares) the valuation of our portfolio to reflect our Advisor’s determination of the fair value of each investment in our portfolio. Any changes in fair value are recorded in our consolidated statement of operations as net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation.
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New or modified laws or regulations governing our operations and government intervention in the credit markets generally may adversely affect our business.
We and our portfolio companies are subject to regulation by laws at the U.S. federal, state and local levels. These laws and regulations, as well as their interpretation, may change from time to time, including as the result of interpretive guidance or other directives from the U.S. President and others in the executive branch, and new laws, regulations and interpretations may also come into effect. Any such new or changed laws or regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business. In particular, Dodd-Frank has impacted many aspects of the financial services industry, and it requires the development and adoption of many implementing regulations over several years. The SEC has adopted final rules for over 60 mandatory rulemaking provisions under Dodd-Frank, with several additional rules proposed but not yet adopted. While the ultimate impact of Dodd-Frank on us and our portfolio companies may not be known for an extended period of time, Dodd-Frank, including the interpretation of the rules implementing its provisions and any future rules that may be adopted, along with other legislative and regulatory proposals directed at the financial services industry or affecting taxation that may be proposed in the future, may negatively impact the operations, cash flows or financial condition of us or our portfolio companies, impose additional costs on us or our portfolio companies, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or our portfolio companies or otherwise adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies.
In addition, the central banks and, in particular, the U.S. Federal Reserve, have taken unprecedented steps since the financial crises of 2008-2009 and the COVID-19 global pandemic and in response to inflationary pressures. On the other hand, recent governmental intervention could mean that the willingness of governmental bodies to take additional extraordinary action is diminished. It is impossible to predict if, how, and to what extent the United States and other governments would further intervene in credit markets. As a result, in the event of near-term major market disruptions, like those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, there might be only limited additional government intervention, resulting in correspondingly greater market dislocation and materially greater market risk.
Additionally, changes to the laws and regulations governing our operations, including those associated with RICs, may cause us to alter our investment strategy in order to avail ourselves of new or different opportunities or result in the imposition of corporate-level taxes on us. Such changes could result in material differences to our strategies and plans and may shift our investment focus from the areas of expertise of the Advisor to other types of investments in which the Advisor may have little or no expertise or experience. Any such changes, if they occur, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and the value of your investment. If we invest in commodity interests in the future, the Advisor may determine not to use investment strategies that trigger additional regulation by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”), or may determine to operate subject to CFTC regulation, if applicable. If we or the Advisor were to operate subject to CFTC regulation, we may incur additional expenses and would be subject to additional regulation.
In addition, certain regulations applicable to debt securitizations implementing credit risk retention requirements that have taken effect in both the U.S. and in Europe may adversely affect or prevent us from entering into any future securitization transaction. The impact of these risk retention rules on the loan securitization market are uncertain, and such rules may cause an increase in our cost of funds under or may prevent us from completing any future securitization transactions. On October 21, 2014, U.S. risk retention rules adopted pursuant to Section 941 of Dodd-Frank, or the U.S. Risk Retention Rules, were issued. The U.S. Risk Retention Rules require the sponsor (directly or through a majority-owned affiliate) of a debt securitization subject to such rules, such as collateralized loan obligations, in the absence of an exemption, to retain an economic interest in the credit risk of the assets being securitized in the form of an eligible horizontal residual interest, an eligible vertical interest, or a combination thereof, in accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Risk Retention Rules. The U.S. Risk Retention Rules became effective December 24, 2016. Given the more attractive financing costs associated with these types of debt securitization as opposed to other types of financing available (such as traditional senior secured facilities), this would, in turn, increase our financing costs. Any associated increase in financing costs would ultimately be borne by our common stockholders.
On May 24, 2018, the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act was enacted, which left the architecture and core features of Dodd-Frank intact but significantly recalibrated applicability thresholds, revised various post-crisis regulatory requirements, and provided targeted regulatory relief to certain financial institutions. Among the most significant of its amendments to Dodd-Frank were a substantial increase in the $50 billion asset threshold to $250 billion for automatic regulation of bank holding companies (“BHCs”) as “systemically important financial institutions,” an exemption from the Volcker Rule for insured depository institutions with less than $10 billion in consolidated assets and lower levels of trading assets and liabilities, and amendments to the liquidity leverage ratio and supplementary leverage ratio requirements. In addition, effective October 1, 2020, the U.S. Federal Reserve, SEC and other federal agencies modified their regulations under the Volcker Rule to loosen the restrictions on financial institutions. The effects of these and any further rules or regulations that may be enacted by the federal government are and could be complex and far-reaching, and the change and any future laws or regulations or changes thereto could negatively impact our operations, cash flows or financial condition, impose additional costs on us, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Over the last several years, there also has been an increase in regulatory attention to the extension of credit outside of the traditional banking sector, raising the possibility that some portion of the non-bank financial sector will be subject to new regulation. While it cannot be known at this time whether any regulation will be implemented or what form it will take, increased regulation of non-bank credit extension could negatively impact our operations, cash flows or financial condition, impose additional costs on us, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Ongoing implementation of, or changes in, including changes in interpretation or enforcement of, laws and regulations could impose greater costs on us and on financial services companies and impact the value of assets we hold and our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, uncertainty regarding legislation and regulations affecting the financial services industry or taxation could also adversely impact our business or the business of our portfolio companies. If we do not comply with applicable laws and regulations, we could lose any licenses that we then hold for the conduct of our business and may be subject to civil fines and criminal penalties.
Our Board may change our investment objective, operating policies and strategies without prior notice or stockholder approval, and we may temporarily deviate from our regular investment strategy.
Our Board has the authority, except as otherwise provided in the 1940 Act, to modify or waive our investment objective and certain of our operating policies and strategies without prior notice and without stockholder approval. However, absent stockholder approval, we may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or withdraw our election as, a BDC. We cannot predict the effect any changes to our current investment objective, operating policies and strategies would have on our business, operating results and the price value of our common stock. Nevertheless, any such changes could adversely affect our business and impair our ability to make distributions.
The Advisor can resign on 60 days’ notice, and we may not be able to find a suitable replacement within that time, resulting in a disruption in our operations that could adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations.
The Advisor has the right to resign under the Investment Advisory Agreement at any time upon not less than 60 days’ written notice, whether we have found a replacement or not. If the Advisor resigns, we may not be able to find a new investment advisor or hire internal management with similar expertise and ability to provide the same or equivalent services on acceptable terms within 60 days, or at all. If we are unable to do so quickly, our operations are likely to experience a disruption, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as well as our ability to pay distributions are likely to be adversely affected and the value of our shares may decline. In addition, the coordination of our internal management and investment activities is likely to suffer if we are unable to identify and reach an agreement with a single institution or group of executives having the expertise possessed by the Advisor and its affiliates. Even if we are able to retain comparable management, whether internal or external, the integration of such management and their lack of familiarity with our investment objective may result in additional costs and time delays that may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We will incur significant costs as a result of being registered under the Exchange Act.
We will incur legal, accounting and other expenses, including costs associated with the periodic reporting requirements applicable to a company whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act, as well as additional corporate governance requirements, including requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other rules implemented by the SEC.
Efforts to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act will involve significant expenditures, and non-compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act would adversely affect us and the value of our shares of common stock.
We are required to comply with certain requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC but will not have to comply with certain requirements until we have been registered under the Exchange Act for a specified period of time or cease to be an “emerging growth company.”
Upon registering our shares of common stock under the Exchange Act, we will be subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC, and our management will be required to report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We will be required to review on an annual basis our internal control over financial reporting, and on a quarterly and annual basis to evaluate and disclose changes in our internal control over financial reporting. As a result, we expect to incur significant additional expenses that may negatively impact our financial performance and our ability to make distributions. This process will also result in a diversion of management’s time and attention. We do not know when our evaluation, testing and remediation actions will be completed or its impact on our operations. In addition, we may be unable to ensure that the process is effective or that our internal control over financial reporting is or will be effective. In the event that we are unable to come into and maintain compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules, we and the value of our securities would be adversely affected.
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We are highly dependent on information systems, and cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents may adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies, which may, in turn, negatively affect the value of our shares of common stock and our ability to pay distributions.
Our business depends on the communications and information systems of our Advisor and its affiliates, our portfolio companies and third-party service providers. These systems are subject to potential cybersecurity attacks and incidents, including through adverse events that threaten the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information resources. Cyber hacking could also cause significant disruption and harm to the companies in which we invest. Additionally, digital and network technologies might be at risk of cyberattacks that could potentially seek unauthorized access to digital systems for purposes such as misappropriating sensitive information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. Cyberattacks might potentially be carried out by persons using techniques that could range from efforts to electronically circumvent network security or overwhelm websites to intelligence gathering and social engineering functions aimed at obtaining information necessary to gain access. These attacks could involve gaining unauthorized access to our information systems for purposes of misappropriating assets, stealing confidential information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption and result in disrupted operations, misstated or unreliable financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased cybersecurity protection and insurance costs, litigation and damage to our business relationships, any of which could, in turn, have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively affect the value of our securities and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.
As our reliance on technology has increased, so have the risks posed to our information systems, both internal and those provided by the Advisor and third-party service providers. In addition, we and the Advisor currently or in the future are expected to routinely transmit and receive personal, confidential and proprietary information by email and other electronic means. We and the Advisor may not be able to ensure secure capabilities with all of our clients, vendors, service providers, counterparties and other third parties to protect the confidentiality of the information.
In addition, we, the Advisor and many of our third-party service providers currently have work from home policies. Such a policy of remote working could strain our technology resources and introduce operational risks, including heightened cybersecurity risks and other risks described above. Remote working environments may be less secure and more susceptible to hacking attacks, including phishing and social engineering attempts. There is no assurance that any efforts to mitigate cybersecurity risks undertaken by us or our Advisor will be effective. Network, system, application and data breaches as a result of cybersecurity risks or cyber incidents could result in operational disruptions or information misappropriation that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition of us and of our portfolio companies.
There may be trademark risk, as we do not own the Kayne Anderson name.
We do not own the Kayne Anderson name, but we are permitted to use it as part of our corporate name pursuant to a license agreement with the Advisor. Use of the name by other parties or the termination of the license agreement may harm our business.
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Risks Relating to Our Investments
We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment, and rising interest rates could affect the value of our investments and make it more difficult for portfolio companies to make periodic payments on their loans.
Interest rate risk refers to the risk of market changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes affect the value of debt. In general, rising interest rates will negatively impact the price of fixed rate debt, and falling interest rates will have a positive effect on price. Adjustable-rate debt also reacts to interest rate changes in a similar manner, although generally to a lesser degree. Interest rate sensitivity is generally larger and less predictable in debt with uncertain payment or prepayment schedules. Further, rising interest rates make it more difficult for borrowers to repay debt, which could increase the risk of payment defaults. Any failure of one or more portfolio companies to repay or refinance its debt at or prior to maturity or the inability of one or more portfolio companies to make ongoing payments following an increase in contractual interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
During any period of higher-than-normal levels of inflation, such as the current inflationary environment, interest rates typically increase. Higher interest rates will increase the cost of our borrowings and may reduce returns to stockholders (including resulting in lower dividend payments by us). Further, in response to rising risk-free interest rates, market participants could require higher rates of interest on the types of loans and credit investments that we own, which would decrease the value of those investments.
In an effort to control inflation, the U.S. Federal Reserve Board (the “Fed”) has sharply raised interest rates in recent years, and they remain near their highest levels in over twenty years. Other central banks globally have implemented similar rate increases. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise (e.g., central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, or general economic conditions). Although recently both the Fed and other central banks globally have begun lowering rates, there is no certainty that further reductions will occur. There is no assurance that the actions being taken by the Fed will improve the outlook for long-term inflation or whether they might result in a recession. A recession could lead to declined employment, global demand destruction and/or business failures, which may result in a decline in the value of our portfolio. In addition, increased interest rates could increase our cost of borrowing and reduce the return on leverage to common stockholders.
Our business is dependent on bank relationships and recent strain on the banking system may adversely impact us.
The financial markets recently have encountered volatility associated with concerns about the balance sheets of banks, especially small and regional banks, which may have significant losses associated with investments that make it difficult to fund demands to withdraw deposits and other liquidity needs. Although the federal government has announced measures to assist these banks and protect depositors, some banks have already been impacted and others may be materially and adversely impacted. Our business is dependent on bank relationships and we are proactively monitoring the financial health of such bank relationships. Continued strain on the banking system may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. To the extent that our portfolio companies work with banks that are negatively impacted by the foregoing, such portfolio companies’ ability to access their own cash, cash equivalents and investments may be threatened. In addition, such affected portfolio companies may not be able to enter into new banking arrangements or credit facilities or receive the benefits of their existing banking arrangements or facilities. Any such developments could harm our business, financial condition, and operating results, and prevent us from fully implementing our investment plan. Continued strain on the banking system may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Limitations of investment due diligence expose us to investment risk.
Our due diligence may not reveal all of a portfolio company’s liabilities and may not reveal other weaknesses in its business. We can offer no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts that would be material to an investment decision. Before making an investment in, or a loan to, a company, the Advisor will assess the strength and skills of a company’s management and other factors that it believes are material to the performance of the investment.
In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, the Advisor will rely on the resources available to it and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. This process is particularly important and highly subjective with respect to newly organized entities because there may be little or no information publicly available about those entities.
We may make investments in, or loans to, companies that are not subject to public company reporting requirements including requirements regarding preparation of financial statements, and our portfolio companies may utilize divergent reporting standards that may make it difficult for the Advisor to accurately assess the prior performance of a portfolio company. We will, therefore, depend upon the compliance by investment companies with their contractual reporting obligations. As a result, the evaluation of potential investments and our ability to perform due diligence on and effectively monitor investments may be impeded, and we may not realize the returns which we expect on any particular investment. In the event of fraud by any company in which we invest or with respect to which we make a loan, we may suffer a partial or total loss of the amounts invested in that company.
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We invest in highly leveraged companies, which could cause us to lose all or a part of our investment in those companies.
Investment in leveraged companies involves a number of significant risks. Leveraged companies in which we invest may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities that we hold. Such developments may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of our realizing any guarantees that we may have obtained in connection with our investment. In addition, leveraged companies may experience bankruptcy or similar financial distress that may adversely and permanently affect the issuer, in addition to risks associated with the duration and administrative costs of bankruptcy proceedings.
Smaller leveraged companies and middle market companies also may have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance their expansion or maintain their competitive position. Middle market companies may have limited financial resources, may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities that we hold, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of our realizing any guarantees we may have obtained in connection with our investment. In addition, such companies typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns. Middle market companies are also more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons, and the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on our portfolio company and, in turn, on us.
The debt that we invest in is typically not rated by any rating agency, but we believe that if such investments were rated, they would be below investment grade (rated lower than “Baa3” by Moody’s Investors Service, lower than “BBB-” by Fitch Ratings or lower than “BBB-” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services), which under the guidelines established by these rating entities is an indication of having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” Therefore, our investments will result in an above average amount of risk and volatility or loss of principal.
We are subject to risks associated with our investments in unitranche secured loans and securities, including the potential loss of all or part of such investments.
We invest in unitranche secured loans, which are a combination of senior secured and junior secured debt in the same facility. Unitranche secured loans provide all of the debt needed to finance a leveraged buyout or other corporate transaction, both senior and junior, but generally in a first-lien position, while the borrower generally pays a blended, uniform interest rate rather than different rates for different tranches. Unitranche secured debt generally requires payments of both principal and interest throughout the life of the loan. Generally, we expect these securities to carry a blended yield that is between senior secured and junior debt interest rates. Unitranche secured loans provide a number of advantages for borrowers, including the following: simplified documentation, greater certainty of execution and reduced decision-making complexity throughout the life of the loan. In some cases, a portion of the total interest may accrue or be paid in kind. Because unitranche secured loans combine characteristics of senior and junior financing, unitranche secured loans have risks similar to the risks associated with senior secured and second-lien loans and junior debt in varying degrees according to the combination of loan characteristics of the unitranche secured loan.
Our investments in securities that are rated below investment grade (i.e. “junk bonds”) may be risky and we could lose all or part of our investments.
We invest in securities that are rated below investment grade by rating agencies or that would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Below investment grade securities, which are often referred to as “junk,” have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be difficult to value and illiquid. The major risks of below investment grade securities include:
Below investment grade securities may be issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of below investment grade securities may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade securities. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of holders of below investment grade securities, leaving few or no assets available to repay holders of below investment grade securities.
Prices of below investment grade securities are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Adverse changes in an issuer’s industry and general economic conditions may have a greater impact on the prices of below investment grade securities than on other higher-rated fixed-income securities.
Issuers of below investment grade securities may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments, or the unavailability of additional financing.
Below investment grade securities frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from us before it matures. If the issuer redeems below investment grade securities, we may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields and may lose income.
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Below investment grade securities may be less liquid than higher-rated fixed-income securities, even under normal economic conditions. There are fewer dealers in the below investment grade securities market, and there may be significant differences in the prices quoted by the dealers. Judgment may play a greater role in valuing these securities and we may be unable to sell these securities at an advantageous time or price.
We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer.
Defaults by our portfolio companies, including defaults relating to collateral, will harm our operating results.
A portfolio company’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by us or other lenders could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations under the debt securities that we hold. We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting portfolio company. In addition, lenders in certain cases can be subject to lender liability claims for actions taken by them when they become too involved in the borrower’s business or exercise control over a borrower. It is possible that we could become subject to a lender’s liability claim, including as a result of actions taken if we render managerial assistance to the borrower. Moreover, some of the loans in which we may invest may be “covenant-lite” loans. We use the term “covenant-lite” loans to refer generally to loans that do not have a complete set of financial maintenance covenants. Generally, “covenant-lite” loans provide borrower companies more freedom to negatively impact lenders because their covenants are incurrence-based, which means they are only tested and can only be breached following an affirmative action of the borrower, rather than by a deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition. Accordingly, to the extent we invest in “covenant-lite” loans, we may have fewer rights against a borrower and may have a greater risk of loss on such investments as compared to investments in or exposure to loans with financial maintenance covenants.
Certain debt investments that we make in portfolio companies will be secured on a second priority basis by the same collateral securing senior debt of such companies. The first priority liens on the collateral will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under any outstanding senior debt and may secure certain other future debt that may be permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under the agreements governing the debt. The holders of obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral will generally control the liquidation of and be entitled to receive proceeds from any realization of the collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of the collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from the sale or sales of all of the collateral would be sufficient to satisfy the debt obligations secured by the second priority liens after payment in full of all obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral. If such proceeds are not sufficient to repay amounts outstanding under the debt obligations secured by the second priority liens, then we, to the extent not repaid from the proceeds of the sale of the collateral, will only have an unsecured claim against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any.
We may also make unsecured debt investments in portfolio companies in the form of borrowings under credit facilities, meaning that such investments will not benefit from any interest in collateral of such companies. Liens on such portfolio companies’ collateral, if any, will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under its outstanding secured debt and may secure certain future debt that is permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under its secured debt agreements. The holders of obligations secured by such liens will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of such collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of such collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of such collateral would be sufficient to satisfy our unsecured debt obligations after payment in full of all secured debt obligations. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay the outstanding secured debt obligations, then our unsecured claims would rank equally with the unpaid portion of such secured creditors’ claims against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any.
The rights we may have with respect to the collateral securing any junior priority loans we make in our portfolio companies may also be limited pursuant to the terms of one or more intercreditor agreements that we enter into with the holders of senior debt. Under such an intercreditor agreement, at any time that senior obligations are outstanding, we may forfeit certain rights with respect to the collateral to the holders of these senior obligations. These rights may include the right to commence enforcement proceedings against the collateral, the right to control the conduct of such enforcement proceedings, the right to approve amendments to collateral documents, the right to release liens on the collateral and the right to waive past defaults under collateral documents. We may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if as a result our rights as junior lenders are adversely affected.
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The lack of liquidity and price decline in our investments may adversely affect our business, including by reducing our NAV through increased net unrealized depreciation.
We may invest in companies that are experiencing financial difficulties, which difficulties may never be overcome. Our investments will be illiquid in most cases, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to realize on such investments in a timely manner. A substantial portion of our investments in leveraged companies are and will be subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or will otherwise be less liquid than more broadly traded public securities. The illiquidity of these investments may make it difficult for us to sell such investments if the need arises.
As a BDC, we are required to carry our investments at market value or, if no market value is ascertainable, at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor. As part of the valuation process, we may take into account the following types of factors, if relevant, in determining the fair value of our investments:
| ● | the enterprise value of the portfolio company; |
| ● | the nature and realizable value of any collateral; |
| ● | the company’s ability to make interest payments, amortization payments (if any) and other fixed charges; |
| ● | call features, put features and other relevant terms of the debt security; |
| ● | the company’s historical and projected financial results; |
| ● | the markets in which the portfolio company does business; and |
| ● | changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect the price at which similar investments may be made in the future and other relevant factors. |
In addition, if we are required to liquidate all or a portion of our portfolio quickly, we may realize significantly less than the value at which we have previously recorded our investments. We may also face other restrictions on our ability to liquidate an investment in a portfolio company to the extent that we, the Advisor or any of its affiliates have material nonpublic information regarding such portfolio company.
In addition, we generally expect to invest in securities, instruments and assets that are not, and are not expected to become, publicly traded. We will generally not be able to sell securities publicly unless the sale is registered under applicable securities laws, or unless an exemption from such registration requirements is available.
In certain cases, we may also be prohibited by contract from selling an investment for a period of time or otherwise be restricted from disposing of the investment. Furthermore, certain types of investments expected to be made may require a substantial length of time to realize a return or fully liquidate.
When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, we use the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate our valuation. We record decreases in the market values or fair values of our investments as unrealized depreciation. Declines in prices and liquidity in the corporate debt markets may result in significant net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio. The effect of all of these factors on our portfolio may reduce our NAV by increasing net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio. Depending on market conditions, we could incur substantial realized losses and may suffer additional unrealized losses in future periods, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Further, in connection with the disposition of an investment in a portfolio company, we may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of the portfolio company, or we may be responsible for the contents of disclosure documents under applicable securities laws. We may also be required to indemnify the purchasers of such investment or underwriters to the extent that any such representations or disclosure documents turn out to be incorrect, inaccurate or misleading. These arrangements may result in contingent liabilities, for which we may establish reserves or escrows. However, we can offer no assurance that we will adequately reserve for our contingent liabilities and that such liabilities will not have an adverse effect on us. Such contingent liabilities might ultimately have to be funded by proceeds, including the return of capital, from our other investments.
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Our portfolio companies may prepay loans, which may reduce our yields if capital returned cannot be invested in transactions with equal or greater expected yields.
The loans in our investment portfolio may be prepaid at any time, generally with little advance notice. Whether a loan is prepaid will depend both on the continued positive performance of the portfolio company and the existence of favorable financing market conditions that allow such company the ability to replace existing financing with less expensive capital. As market conditions change, we do not know when, and if, prepayment may be possible for each portfolio company. In some cases, the prepayment of a loan may reduce our achievable yield if the capital returned cannot be invested in transactions with equal or greater expected yields, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our portfolio companies may be unable to repay or refinance outstanding principal on their loans at or prior to maturity.
We have a maturity policy between three to six years for our debt investments. The portfolio companies in which we invest may be unable to repay or refinance outstanding principal on their loans at or prior to maturity. This risk and the risk of default are increased to the extent that the loan documents do not require the portfolio companies to pay down the outstanding principal of such debt prior to maturity. As a result, once our investments mature, we will need to seek new investments for such capital.
Any failure of one or more portfolio companies to repay or refinance its debt at or prior to maturity or the inability of one or more portfolio companies to make ongoing payments following an increase in contractual interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our investments in portfolio companies may expose us to environmental risks.
We may invest in companies engaged in the ownership (direct or indirect), operation, management or development of real properties that may contain hazardous or toxic substances, and, therefore, may be potentially liable for removal or remediation costs, as well as certain other costs, including governmental fines and liabilities for injuries to persons and property. The existence of any such material environmental liability could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations, cash flow and share price of any such portfolio company. As a result, our investment performance could suffer substantially.
There can be no guarantee that all costs and risks regarding compliance with environmental laws and regulations can be identified. New and more stringent environmental and health and safety laws, regulations and permit requirements or stricter interpretations of current laws or regulations could impose substantial additional costs on portfolio investment or potential investments. Compliance with such current or future environmental requirements does not ensure that the operations of the portfolio investments will not cause injury to the environment or to people under all circumstances or that the portfolio investments will not be required to incur additional unforeseen environmental expenditures. Moreover, failure to comply with any such requirements could have a material adverse effect on an investment, and we can offer no assurance that the portfolio investments will at all times comply with all applicable environmental laws, regulations and permit requirements.
We are a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and therefore we are not limited with respect to the proportion of our assets that may be invested in securities of a single issuer.
We are classified as a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, which means that we are not limited by the 1940 Act with respect to the proportion of our assets that we may invest in securities of a single issuer. To the extent that we assume large positions in the securities of a small number of issuers, our NAV may fluctuate to a greater extent than that of a diversified investment company as a result of changes in the financial condition or the market’s assessment of the issuer. We may also be more susceptible to any single economic or regulatory occurrence than a diversified investment company. Beyond our asset diversification requirements as a RIC under the Code, we do not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and our investments could be concentrated in relatively few portfolio companies.
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Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries, which will subject us to a risk of significant loss if any of these companies defaults on its obligations under any of its debt instruments or if there is a downturn in a particular industry.
Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. As a result, the aggregate returns we realize may be significantly and adversely affected if a small number of investments perform poorly or if we need to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, while we are not targeting any specific industries, our investments may be concentrated in relatively few industries. For example, although we may classify the industries of our portfolio companies by end-market (such as health market or business services) and not by the products or services (such as software) directed to those end-markets, some of our portfolio companies may principally provide software products or services, which exposes us to downturns in that sector. As a result, a downturn in any particular industry in which we are invested could also significantly impact the aggregate returns we realize.
Our failure to make follow-on investments in our portfolio companies could impair the value of our portfolio.
Following an initial investment in a portfolio company, we may make additional investments in that portfolio company as “follow-on” investments, in seeking to:
| ● | increase or maintain in whole or in part our position as a creditor or equity ownership percentage in a portfolio company; |
| ● | exercise warrants, options or convertible securities that were acquired in the original or subsequent financing; or |
| ● | preserve or enhance the value of our investment. |
We have discretion to make follow-on investments, subject to the availability of capital resources. Failure on our part to make follow-on investments may, in some circumstances, jeopardize the continued viability of a portfolio company and our initial investment, or may result in a missed opportunity for us to increase our participation in a successful portfolio company. Even if we have sufficient capital to make a desired follow-on investment, we may elect not to make a follow-on investment because we may not want to increase our level of risk, because we prefer other opportunities or because of regulatory or other considerations. Our ability to make follow-on investments may also be limited by the Advisor’s allocation policy.
Because we generally do not hold controlling equity interests in our portfolio companies, we may not be able to exercise control over our portfolio companies or to prevent decisions by management of our portfolio companies that could decrease the value of our investments and there is no assurance that portfolio company management will be able to operate their companies in accordance with our expectations.
To the extent that we do not hold controlling equity interests in portfolio companies, we will have a limited ability to protect our position in such portfolio companies. We may also co-invest with third parties through partnerships, joint ventures or other entities. Such investments may involve risks in connection with such third-party involvement, including the possibility that a third-party co-investor may have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours or may be in a position to take (or block) action in a manner contrary to our investment objective. In those circumstances where such third parties involve a management group, such third parties may receive compensation arrangements relating to such investments, including incentive compensation arrangements.
Furthermore, the day-to-day operations of each portfolio company in which we invest will be the responsibility of that portfolio company’s management team. Although we will be responsible for monitoring the performance of each investment and generally intend to invest in portfolio companies operated by strong management, there can be no assurance that the existing management team, or any successor, will be able to operate any such portfolio company in accordance with our expectations. There can be no assurance that a portfolio company will be successful in retaining key members of its management team, the loss of whom could have a material adverse effect on us. Although we generally intend to invest in companies with strong management, there can be no assurance that the existing management of such companies will continue to operate a company successfully.
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Our portfolio companies may incur debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, our investments in such companies and such portfolio companies may not generate sufficient cash flow to service their debt obligations to us.
We may invest a portion of our capital in second lien and subordinated loans issued by our portfolio companies. Our portfolio companies may have, or be permitted to incur, other debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, the debt securities in which we invest. Such subordinated investments are subject to greater risk of default than senior obligations as a result of adverse changes in the financial condition of the obligor or in general economic conditions. If we make a subordinated investment in a portfolio company, the portfolio company may be highly leveraged, and its relatively high debt-to-equity ratio may create increased risks that its operations might not generate sufficient cash flow to service all of its debt obligations. By their terms, such debt instruments may provide that the holders are entitled to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on which we are entitled to receive payments in respect of the securities in which we invest. These debt instruments would usually prohibit the portfolio companies from paying interest on or repaying our investments in the event of and during the continuance of a default under such debt. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a portfolio company, holders of securities ranking senior to our investment in that portfolio company would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before we receive any distribution in respect of our investment. After repaying senior creditors, the portfolio company may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to us where we are junior creditor. In the case of debt ranking equally with debt securities in which we invest, we would have to share any distributions on an equal and ratable basis with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company.
Additionally, certain loans that we make to portfolio companies may be secured on a second priority basis by the same collateral securing senior secured debt of such companies. The first priority liens on the collateral will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under any outstanding senior debt and may secure certain other future debt that may be permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under the agreements governing the loans. The holders of obligations secured by first priority liens on the collateral will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of the collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of the collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of all of the collateral would be sufficient to satisfy the loan obligations secured by the second priority liens after payment in full of all obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay amounts outstanding under the loan obligations secured by the second priority liens, then we, to the extent not repaid from the proceeds of the sale of the collateral, will only have an unsecured claim against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any.
We may make unsecured loans to portfolio companies, meaning that such loans will not benefit from any interest in collateral of such companies. Liens on a portfolio company’s collateral, if any, will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under its outstanding secured debt and may secure certain future debt that is permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under its secured loan agreements. The holders of obligations secured by such liens will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of such collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of such collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of such collateral would be sufficient to satisfy our unsecured loan obligations after payment in full of all loans secured by collateral. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay the outstanding secured loan obligations, then our unsecured claims would rank equally with the unpaid portion of such secured creditors’ claims against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any.
The rights we may have with respect to the collateral securing any junior priority loans we make to our portfolio companies may also be limited pursuant to the terms of one or more intercreditor agreements that we enter into with the holders of senior debt. Under a typical intercreditor agreement, at any time that obligations that have the benefit of the first priority liens are outstanding, any of the following actions that may be taken in respect of the collateral will be at the direction of the holders of the obligations secured by the first priority liens:
| ● | the ability to cause the commencement of enforcement proceedings against the collateral; |
| ● | the ability to control the conduct of such proceedings; |
| ● | the approval of amendments to collateral documents; |
| ● | releases of liens on the collateral; and |
| ● | waivers of past defaults under collateral documents. |
We may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if our rights as junior lenders are adversely affected.
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The disposition of our investments may result in contingent liabilities.
A significant portion of our investments will involve private securities. In connection with the disposition of an investment in private securities, we may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of the portfolio company typical of those made in connection with the sale of a business. We may also be required to indemnify the purchasers of such investment to the extent that any such representations turn out to be inaccurate or with respect to potential liabilities. These arrangements may result in contingent liabilities that ultimately result in funding obligations that we must satisfy through our return of distributions previously made to us.
The Advisor’s and Administrator’s liability is limited, and we have agreed to indemnify each against certain liabilities, which may lead them to act in a riskier manner on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account.
Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor does not assume any responsibility to us other than to render the services called for under that agreement, and it is not responsible for any action of our Board in following or declining to follow the Advisor’s advice or recommendations. Under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor, its officers, members, personnel and any person controlling or controlled by the Advisor are not liable to us, any subsidiary of ours, our directors, our stockholders or any subsidiary’s stockholders or partners for acts or omissions performed in accordance with and pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, except those resulting from acts constituting willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the Advisor’s duties under the Investment Advisory Agreement. In addition, we have agreed to indemnify the Advisor and each of its officers, directors, members, managers and employees from and against any claims or liabilities, including reasonable legal fees and other expenses reasonably incurred, arising out of or in connection with our business and operations or any action taken or omitted on our behalf pursuant to authority granted by the Investment Advisory Agreement, except where attributable to willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such person’s duties under the Investment Advisory Agreement. Similarly, the Administrator and certain specified parties providing administrative services pursuant to the relevant agreement are not liable to us or our stockholders for, and we have agreed to indemnify them for, any claims or losses arising out of the good faith performance of their duties or obligations, except where attributable to willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the Administrator’s duties. These protections may lead the Advisor or the Administrator to act in a riskier manner when acting on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account.
We are subject to risks under hedging transactions and our ability to enter into transactions involving derivatives and financial commitment transactions may be limited.
Although we do not engage in hedging transactions as a principal investment strategy, we may engage in hedging transactions in the form of interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors, intended to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations to the limited extent such transactions are permitted under the 1940 Act and applicable commodities laws. Engaging in hedging transactions would entail additional risks to our stockholders.
In addition, we are subject to legislation that may limit our ability to enter into such transactions. For example, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, regarding the ability of a BDC (or a registered investment company) to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the rule, BDCs that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit, adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting requirements. These requirements apply unless the BDC qualifies as a “limited derivatives user,” as defined under the adopted rules. Under the rule, a BDC may enter into an unfunded commitment agreement that is not a derivatives transaction, such as an agreement to provide financing to a portfolio company, if the BDC has, among other things, a reasonable belief, at the time it enters into such an agreement, that it will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as it becomes due. We intend to operate under the limited derivatives user exemption of Rule 18f-4 and have adopted written policies and procedures reasonably designed to manage our derivatives risk pursuant to Rule 18f-4. Collectively, these requirements may limit our ability to use derivatives and/or enter into certain other financial contracts. We qualify as a “limited derivatives user,” and as a result the requirements applicable to us under Rule 18f-4 may limit our ability to use derivatives and enter into certain other financial contracts. However, if we fail to qualify as a limited derivatives user and become subject to the additional requirements under Rule 18f-4, compliance with such requirements may increase cost of doing business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Future legislation or rules may modify how we treat derivatives and other financial arrangements for purposes of our compliance with the leverage limitations of the 1940 Act and, therefore, may increase or decrease the amount of leverage currently available to us under the 1940 Act, which may be materially adverse to us and our stockholders.
In each such case, we generally would seek to hedge against fluctuations of the relative values of our portfolio positions from changes in market interest rates. Hedging against a decline in the values of our portfolio positions would not eliminate the possibility of fluctuations in the values of such positions or prevent losses if the values of the positions declined. However, such hedging could establish other positions designed to gain from those same developments, thereby offsetting the decline in the value of such portfolio positions. Such hedging transactions could also limit the opportunity for gain if the values of the underlying portfolio positions increased. Moreover, it might not be possible to hedge against an exchange rate or interest rate fluctuation that was so generally anticipated that we would not be able to enter into a hedging transaction at an acceptable price. Use of a hedging transaction could involve counterparty credit risk.
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The success of any hedging transactions we may enter into will depend on our ability to correctly predict movements in interest rates. Therefore, while we may enter into hedging transactions to seek to reduce interest rate risks, unanticipated changes in interest rates could result in poorer overall investment performance than if we had not engaged in any such hedging transactions. In addition, the degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price movements in the portfolio positions being hedged could vary. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, we might not seek to (or be able to) establish a perfect correlation between the hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Any such imperfect correlation could prevent us from achieving the intended hedge and expose us to risk of loss. Our ability to engage in hedging transactions may also be adversely affected by rules adopted by the CFTC.
We may not realize gains from our equity investments.
When we invest in loans, we may acquire warrants or other equity securities of portfolio companies as well. We may also invest in equity securities directly. To the extent we hold equity investments, we will seek to dispose of them and realize gains upon our disposition of them. However, the equity interests we receive may not appreciate in value and may decline in value. As a result, we may not be able to realize gains from our equity interests, and any gains that we do realize on the disposition of any equity interests may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience.
To the extent that we borrow under credit facilities, the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested in us will be magnified and may increase the risk of investing in us. Borrowings under credit facilities may also adversely affect the return on our assets, reduce cash available to service our debt or for distribution to our stockholders, and result in losses.
The use of leverage in the form of borrowings under credit facilities increases the volatility of investments by magnifying the potential for gain or loss on invested equity capital. Since we use leverage in the form of borrowings under credit facilities to partially finance our investments, you will experience increased risks of investing in our securities. If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging will cause NAV to decline more sharply than it otherwise would if we had not borrowed under the credit facilities. Similarly, any decrease in our income would cause net income to decline more sharply than it would have if we had not borrowed under the credit facilities. Such a decline could negatively affect our ability to service our debt or make distributions to our stockholders. In addition, our stockholders will bear the burden of any increase in our expenses as a result of our use of leverage, including interest expenses and any increase in the management fees payable to our Advisor.
The amount of borrowings under credit facilities depends on our Advisor’s and our Board’s assessment of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing under credit facilities. We can offer no assurance that leveraged financing will be available to us on favorable terms or at all. However, to the extent that we use leverage to finance our assets, our financing costs will reduce cash available for servicing our debt or distributions to stockholders. Moreover, we may not be able to meet our financing obligations and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our assets to liquidation or sale to satisfy the obligations. In such an event, we may be forced to sell assets at significantly depressed prices due to market conditions or otherwise, which may result in losses.
We are subject to risks associated with our investment and trading of liquid credit (i.e., broadly syndicated loans).
From time to time, we may invest in liquid credit (i.e., broadly syndicated loans) that may be traded in public or institutional financial markets for which there is a more active market than some of our other investments. These investments may expose us to various risks, including with respect to liquidity, price volatility, interest rate risk, ability to restructure in the event of distress, credit risks and less protective issuing documentation, than is the case with the loans to middle market companies that comprise nearly all of our debt investments. Certain of these instruments may be fixed rate assets, thereby exposing us to interest rate risk in the valuation of such investments. Additionally, the financial markets in which these assets may be traded are subject to significant volatility (including due to macroeconomic conditions), which may impact the value of such investments and our ability to sell such instruments without incurring losses. The foregoing may result in volatility in the valuation of our liquid credit investments, which would, in turn, impact our NAV. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause a decline in the value of these investments and in our NAV. We may sell our liquid credit investments from time to time in order to generate proceeds for use in our investment program, and we may suffer losses in connection with any such sales, due to the foregoing factors. We may not realize gains from our liquid credit investments and any gains that we realize may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience.
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Our investments in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry face considerable uncertainties including significant regulatory challenges.
Our investments in portfolio companies that operate in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry represent approximately 20.9% of our total portfolio as of December 31, 2024. Portfolio companies in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry are subject to many risks, including the negative impact of regulation, a competitive marketplace, decreased consumer demand and supply-chain disruptions. In recent years, supply-chain disruptions and global trade policies have had a negative impact on these industries and as Trading Companies & Distributors represent a significant portion of our investments, such adverse business and/or economic conditions have also impacted our portfolio. Adverse economic, business, or regulatory developments affecting the Trading Companies & Distributors industry, including trade policies, treaties and tariffs between the United States and other countries, could have a negative impact on the value of our investments in portfolio companies operating in this industry, and therefore could negatively impact our business and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
There is no public market for our shares of common stock, and no market for our shares of common stock may develop in the future.
There is no existing trading market for our shares of common stock, and no market for our shares of common stock may develop in the future. If developed, any such market may not be sustained. In the absence of a trading market, holders of our shares of common stock may be unable to liquidate an investment in our shares.
There are restrictions on the ability of holders of our Common Stock to transfer shares in excess of the restrictions typically associated with a private offering of securities under Regulation D and other exemptions from registration under the Securities Act, and these additional restrictions could further limit the liquidity of an investment in our shares of common stock and the price at which holders may be able to sell the shares.
We are relying on an exemption from registration under the Securities Act and state securities laws in offering our shares of common stock pursuant to the Subscription Agreements. As such, absent an effective registration statement covering our Common Stock, such shares may be resold only in transactions that are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and with our prior consent. Our Common Stock has limited transferability which could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change of control of the Company that might involve a premium price for our securities or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.
Certain provisions of the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, and actions of our Board could deter takeover attempts and have an adverse impact on the value of common stock.
The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), contains provisions that may discourage, delay or make more difficult a change in control of us or the removal of our directors. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that limit liability and provide for indemnification of our directors and officers. These provisions and others which we may adopt also may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management. We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, the application of which is subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act. This section generally prohibits us from engaging in mergers and other business combinations with stockholders that beneficially own 15% or more of our voting stock, either individually or together with their affiliates, unless our directors or stockholders approve the business combination in the prescribed manner. Section 203 of the DGCL may discourage third parties from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating such an offer.
We have also adopted measures that may make it difficult for a third party to obtain control of us, including provisions of our certificate of incorporation that classify our Board of Directors in three classes serving staggered three-year terms, and provisions of our certificate of incorporation authorizing our Board of Directors to classify or reclassify shares of our preferred stock in one or more classes or series, and to cause the issuance of additional shares of our stock. These provisions, as well as other provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, may delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control in circumstances that could give our stockholders the opportunity to realize a premium of the NAV of our shares of common stock.
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During extended periods of capital market disruption and instability, there is a risk that you may not receive distributions or that our distributions may not grow over time and a portion of our distributions may be a return of capital.
We intend to make periodic distributions to our stockholders out of assets legally available for distribution. We cannot assure you that we will achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. Our ability to pay distributions might be adversely affected by the impact of one or more of the risk factors described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Due to the asset coverage test applicable to us under the 1940 Act as a BDC, we may be limited in our ability to make distributions. If we declare a distribution and if more stockholders opt to receive cash distributions rather than participate in our dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”), we may be forced to sell some of our investments in order to make cash distribution payments. To the extent we make distributions to stockholders that include a return of capital, such portion of the distribution essentially constitutes a return of the stockholder’s investment. Although such return of capital may not be taxable, such distributions may increase an investor’s tax liability for capital gains upon the future sale of our Common Stock.
A return of capital distribution may cause a stockholder to recognize a capital gain from the sale of our Common Stock even if the stockholder sells its shares for less than the original purchase price.
Investing in our Common Stock may involve an above average degree of risk.
The investments we make in accordance with our investment objective may result in a higher amount of risk than alternative investment options and a higher risk of volatility or loss of principal. Our investments in portfolio companies involve higher levels of risk, and therefore, an investment in our shares may not be suitable for someone with lower risk tolerance. In addition, our Common Stock is intended for long-term investors who can accept the risks of investing primarily in illiquid loans and other debt or debt-like instruments and should not be treated as a trading vehicle.
A stockholder’s interest in us will be diluted if we issue additional shares, which could reduce the overall value of an investment in us.
Our stockholders do not have preemptive rights to any shares of common stock we issue in the future. To the extent that we issue additional equity interests at or below NAV your percentage ownership interest in us may be diluted. In addition, depending upon the terms and pricing of any future and the value of our investments, you may also experience dilution in the book value and fair value of your shares of common stock.
Under the 1940 Act, we generally are prohibited from issuing or selling our shares of common stock at a price below NAV per share, which may be a disadvantage as compared with certain public companies. We may, however, sell our shares of common stock, or warrants, options, or rights to acquire our shares of common stock, at a price below the current NAV of our shares of common stock if our Board of Directors determines that such sale is in our best interests and the best interests of our stockholders, and our stockholders, including a majority of those stockholders that are not affiliated with us, approve such sale. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of our Board of Directors, closely approximates the fair value of such securities (less any distributing commission or discount). If we raise additional funds by issuing our shares of common stock or senior securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our shares of common stock, then the percentage ownership of our stockholders at that time will decrease and you will experience dilution.
In the event that we enter into a Subscription Agreement with one or more investors after the Initial Closing, each such investor will be required to make Catch-up Purchases on one or more dates to be determined by us. Each Catch-up Purchase will dilute the ownership percentage of all investors whose subscriptions were accepted at previous closings. As a result, each subsequent closing after the Initial Closing will result in existing stockholders experiencing dilution as a result of Catch-up Purchases.
In addition, distributions declared in cash payable to stockholders that are participants in our DRIP will generally be automatically reinvested in our shares of common stock. As a result, stockholders that do not participate in our DRIP may experience dilution over time.
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We may be subject to risks that arise from newly enacted federal tax legislation and our stockholders may receive our shares of Common Stock as dividends, which could result in adverse tax consequences to them.
The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, among other things, introduced a 15% book minimum tax on larger corporations, a 1% excise tax on stock buybacks and increased investment in the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to aid in the enforcement of tax laws. The impact of such legislation, as well as federal tax legislation proposed but not yet enacted, on us, our stockholders and entities in which we may invest is uncertain. Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the effects of the new legislation on an investment in us.
In order to satisfy the annual distribution requirement applicable to RICs, we will have the ability to declare a large portion of a dividend in our shares of common stock instead of in cash. As long as a portion of such dividend is paid in cash (which portion may be as low as 20% of such dividend) and certain requirements are met, the entire distribution will be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a stockholder generally would be subject to tax on 100% of the fair market value of the dividend on the date the dividend is received by the stockholder in the same manner as a cash dividend, even though most of the dividend was paid in our shares of common stock. We currently do not intend to pay dividends in our shares of common stock.
We may in the future determine to issue preferred stock, which could adversely affect the value of shares of Common Stock.
The issuance of preferred stock with dividend or conversion rights, liquidation preferences or other economic terms favorable to the holders of preferred stock could make an investment in shares of Common Stock less attractive. In addition, the dividends on any preferred stock we issue must be cumulative. Payment of dividends and repayment of the liquidation preference of preferred stock must take preference over any distributions or other payments to holders of Common Stock, and holders of preferred stock are not subject to any of our expenses or losses and are not entitled to participate in any income or appreciation in excess of their stated preference (other than convertible preferred stock that converts into shares of Common Stock). In addition, under the 1940 Act, preferred stock would constitute a “senior security” for purposes of the 150% asset coverage test. We do not currently anticipate issuing preferred stock.
General Risk Factors
Global economic, political and market conditions, including uncertainty about the financial stability of the United States, could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The current worldwide financial markets situation, as well as various social and political tensions in the United States and around the world (including wars and other forms of conflict, terrorist acts, security operations and catastrophic events such as fires, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes and global health epidemics), may contribute to increased market volatility, may have long term effects on the United States and worldwide financial markets, and may cause economic uncertainties or deterioration in the United States and worldwide.
For example, ongoing armed conflicts between Russia and Ukraine in Europe and among Israel, Hamas and other militant groups in the Middle East, have caused and could continue to cause significant market disruptions and volatility within the markets in Russia, Europe, the Middle East and the United States. In addition, the current political climate has intensified concerns about trade tariffs and a potential trade war between the United States and certain foreign countries, including China, Mexico and Canada, among others. These consequences may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, shortages or oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price increases or decreases of goods, inflationary pressures, and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of the foreign export industry with a potentially negative impact on the value of our investments.
In addition, the political reunification of China and Taiwan, over which China continues to claim sovereignty, is a highly complex issue that has included threats of invasion by China. Any escalation of hostility between China and/or Taiwan would likely have a significant adverse impact not only on the value of investments in both countries, but also on economies and financial markets globally.
We do not currently have portfolio investments with direct exposure to the Middle East, China, Taiwan, Russia or Ukraine, but because of the increasing interconnectedness of global economies and financial markets, events in these regions could negatively affect the value of our investments.
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Political, social and economic uncertainty creates and exacerbates risks.
Social, political, economic and other conditions and events (such as natural disasters, epidemics and pandemics, terrorism, conflicts and social unrest) will occur that create uncertainty and have significant impacts on issuers, industries, governments and other systems, including the financial markets, to which companies and their investments are exposed. As global systems, economies and financial markets are increasingly interconnected, events that once had only local impact are now more likely to have regional or even global effects. Events that occur in one country, region or financial market will, more frequently, adversely impact issuers in other countries, regions or markets, including in established markets such as the U.S. Such risks include the large-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia that began in February 2022, heightened tensions between China and Taiwan, the recent outbreak of hostilities in the Middle East, or the effect on world leaders and governments of global health pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These impacts can be exacerbated by failures of governments and societies to adequately respond to an emerging event or threat. We do not currently have portfolio investments with direct exposure to the Middle East, China, Taiwan, Russia or Ukraine, but because of the increasing interconnectedness of global economies and financial markets, events in these regions could negatively affect the value of our investments.
Uncertainty can result in or coincide with, among other things: increased volatility in the financial markets for securities, derivatives, loans, credit and currency; a decrease in the reliability of market prices and difficulty in valuing assets (including portfolio company assets); greater fluctuations in spreads on debt investments and currency exchange rates; increased risk of default (by both government and private obligors and issuers); further social, economic, and political instability; nationalization of private enterprise; greater governmental involvement in the economy or in social factors that impact the economy; changes to governmental regulation and supervision of the loan, securities, derivatives and currency markets and market participants and decreased or revised monitoring of such markets by governments or self-regulatory organizations and reduced enforcement of regulations; limitations on the activities of investors in such markets; controls or restrictions on foreign investment, capital controls and limitations on repatriation of invested capital; the significant loss of liquidity and the inability to purchase, sell and otherwise fund investments or settle transactions (including, but not limited to, a market freeze); unavailability of currency hedging techniques; substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation, which can last many years and have substantial negative effects on credit and securities markets as well as the economy as a whole; recessions; and difficulties in obtaining and/or enforcing legal judgments.
For example, the COVID-19 pandemic led to disruptions in local, regional, national and global markets and economies. With respect to the U.S. credit markets (in particular for middle market loans), this outbreak resulted in the following among other things: (i) significant disruption to the businesses of many middle market loan borrowers including supply chains, demand and practical aspects of their operations, as well as lay-offs of employees; (ii) increased draws by borrowers on revolving lines of credit; (iii) increased requests by borrowers for amendments and waivers of their credit agreements to avoid default, increased defaults by such borrowers and/or increased difficulty in obtaining refinancing at the maturity dates of their loans; (iv) volatility and disruption of these markets including greater volatility in pricing and spreads and difficulty in valuing loans during periods of increased volatility, and liquidity issues; and (v) rapidly evolving proposals and/or actions by state and federal governments to address problems experienced by the markets and by businesses and the economy in general which were not necessarily adequate to address the problems faced by the loan market and middle market businesses. Although many of these conditions have resolved, similar consequences could occur in the future as a result of new variants of the virus or other infectious diseases. Any future outbreaks of infectious diseases could have an adverse impact on the markets and the economy in general, which could have a material adverse impact on, among other things, the ability of lenders to originate loans, the volume and type of loans originated, and the volume and type of amendments and waivers granted to borrowers and remedial actions taken in the event of a borrower default, each of which could negatively impact the amount and quality of loans available for investment by us and returns to us, among other things. It is impossible to determine the scope of any future outbreaks, how long any such outbreak, market disruption or uncertainties may last, the effect any governmental actions will have or the full potential impact on us and our portfolio companies in which we invest.
Although it is impossible to predict the precise nature and consequences of these events, or of any political or policy decisions and regulatory changes occasioned by emerging events or uncertainty on applicable laws or regulations that impact us and our targeted investments, it is clear that these types of events are impacting and will, for at least some time, continue to impact us and our targeted investments and, in certain instances, the impact will be adverse and profound.
If public health uncertainties and market disruptions continue for an extended period of time, loan delinquencies, loan non-accruals, problem assets, and bankruptcies may increase. In addition, collateral for our loans may decline in value, which could cause loan losses to increase and the net worth and liquidity of loan guarantors could decline, impairing their ability to honor commitments to us. An increase in loan delinquencies and non-accruals or a decrease in loan collateral and guarantor net worth could result in increased costs and reduced income which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We will also be negatively affected if the operations and effectiveness of us or a portfolio company (or any of the key personnel or service providers of the foregoing) is compromised or if necessary or beneficial systems and processes are disrupted.
We are subject to risks related to corporate responsibility.
Our business faces increasing public scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) activities. We risk damage to our brand and reputation if we fail to act responsibly in a number of areas, such as environmental stewardship, corporate governance and transparency and considering ESG factors in our investment processes. Adverse incidents with respect to ESG activities could impact the value of our brand, the cost of our operations and relationships with investors, all of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, new regulatory initiatives related to ESG could adversely affect our business.
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ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY
The
Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) is responsible for overseeing the Company’s risk management program
and cybersecurity is a critical element of this program. Management is responsible for the day-to-day administration of the Company’s
risk management program and its cybersecurity policies, processes, and practices.
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy
The Company’s cybersecurity risk management strategy focuses on several areas:
| ● | Identification and Reporting: The Company has implemented a comprehensive, cross-functional approach to assessing, identifying and managing material cybersecurity threats and incidents. The Company’s program includes controls and procedures to properly identify, classify and escalate certain cybersecurity incidents to provide management visibility and obtain direction from management as to the public disclosure and reporting of material incidents in a timely manner. |
| ● | Technical Safeguards: The Company implements technical safeguards that are designed to protect the Company’s information systems from cybersecurity threats, including firewalls, intrusion prevention and detection systems, anti-malware functionality, and access controls, which are evaluated and improved through vulnerability assessments and cybersecurity threat intelligence, as well as assistance from third party experts where necessary. |
| ● | Incident Response and Recovery Planning: The Company has established and maintains comprehensive incident response, business continuity, and disaster recovery plans designed to address the Company’s response to a cybersecurity incident. The Company conducts regular tabletop exercises to test these plans and ensure personnel are familiar with their roles in a response scenario. |
| ● | Third-Party Risk Management: The Company maintains a comprehensive, risk-based approach to identifying and overseeing material cybersecurity threats presented by |
| ● | Education and Awareness: The Company provides regular, mandatory training for all levels of employees regarding cybersecurity threats as a means to equip the Company’s employees with effective tools to address cybersecurity threats, and to communicate the Company’s evolving information security policies, standards, processes, and practices. |
The Company conducts periodic assessment and testing of the Company’s policies, standards, processes, and practices in a manner intended to address cybersecurity threats and events. This includes penetration testing of network infrastructure and phishing tests targeting the Adviser’s employees. The results of such assessments and reviews are evaluated by management and reported to the Board, and the Company adjusts its cybersecurity policies, standards, processes, and practices as necessary based on the information provided by these assessments and reviews.
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Governance
The Board, in coordination with the Adviser, oversees the Company’s risk management program, including the management of cybersecurity threats. The Board receives regular updates and reports on developments in the cybersecurity space, including risk management practices, recent developments, vulnerability assessments, third-party and independent reviews, the threat environment, and information security issues encountered by the Company’. The Board also receives prompt and timely information regarding any cybersecurity risk that meets pre-established reporting thresholds, as well as ongoing updates regarding any such risk. On an annual basis, the Board and the Adviser discuss the Company’s approach to overseeing cybersecurity threats.
The Adviser has established an internal working group that includes relevant representation from senior management including the CCO, CFO, and CISO, and CTO who work collaboratively to implement a program designed to protect the Company’s information systems from cybersecurity threats and to promptly respond to any material cybersecurity incidents in accordance with the Company’s incident response and recovery plans. Through ongoing communication with these teams, the CISO, CTO and senior management are informed about and monitor the prevention, detection, mitigation and remediation of cybersecurity threats and incidents in real time, and report such threats and incidents to the Board when appropriate.
Members of the internal working group have multiple decades of experience in information security and risk management, including assessing cybersecurity threats. Furthermore, the CTO and CISO have educational backgrounds and hold professional experience and certifications relevant to management of cybersecurity.
Material Effects of Cybersecurity Incidents
Risks
from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any previous cybersecurity incidents, have
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The headquarters of KA Credit Advisors II, LLC is located at 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 2200, Houston, TX 77002.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Neither we nor our Advisor is currently subject to any material legal proceedings, nor, to our knowledge, is any material legal proceeding threatened against us, or against our Advisor.
From time to time, we, or our Advisor, may be a party to certain legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including proceedings relating to the enforcement of our rights under contracts with our portfolio companies. While the outcome of these legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not expect that these proceedings will have a material effect upon our financial condition or results of operations.
From time to time we are involved in various legal proceedings, lawsuits and claims incidental to the conduct of our business. Our businesses are also subject to extensive regulation, which may result in regulatory proceedings against us.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
There is no public market for our shares of common stock currently, nor can we give any assurance that one will develop.
Because shares of common stock are being acquired by investors in one or more transactions “not involving a public offering,” they are “restricted securities” and may be required to be held indefinitely. Our shares of common stock may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or otherwise disposed of unless (i) our consent is granted, and (ii) the shares of common stock are registered under applicable securities laws or specifically exempted from registration (in which case the stockholder may, at our option, be required to provide us with a legal opinion, in form and substance satisfactory to us, that registration is not required). Accordingly, an investor must be willing to bear the economic risk of investment in the shares of common stock until we are liquidated. No sale, transfer, assignment, pledge or other disposition, whether voluntary or involuntary, of the shares of common stock may be made except by registration of the transfer on our books. Each transferee will be required to execute an instrument agreeing to be bound by these restrictions and the other restrictions imposed on the shares of common stock and to execute such other instruments or certifications as are reasonably required by us.
Holders
Please see “Part III—Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters” for disclosure regarding the holders.
As of February 21, 2025, we had 4 holders of record of our common stock.
Distributions
The following table reflects the distributions declared and payable for the year ended December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts).
| Date Declared | Record
Date | Payment
Date | Dividend per Share | Total Dividend | ||||||||
| March 6, 2024 | March 29, 2024 | April 17, 2024 | $ | 136.00 | $ | 5,560 | ||||||
| May 8, 2024 | June 28, 2024 | July 15, 2024 | 137.00 | 5,745 | ||||||||
| August 7, 2024 | September 30, 2024 | October 15, 2024 | 165.00 | 7,729 | ||||||||
| November 6, 2024 | December 31, 2024 | January 15, 2025 | 139.00 | 7,202 | ||||||||
| $ | 577.00 | $ | 26,236 | |||||||||
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
The following table summarizes the amounts received and shares of common stock issued to shareholders pursuant to our dividend reinvestment plan during the year ended December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts).
| Dividend record date | Dividend
payment date | DRIP shares issued | DRIP
value | |||||||
| December 29, 2023 | January 16, 2024 | 883 | $ | 4,616 | ||||||
| March 29, 2024 | April 17, 2024 | 1,047 | 5,509 | |||||||
| June 28, 2024 | July 15, 2024 | 162 | 854 | |||||||
| September 30, 2024 | October 15, 2024 | 218 | 1,149 | |||||||
| 2,310 | $ | 12,128 | ||||||||
For the dividend declared on November 6, 2024 with a record date of December 31, 2024 and paid on January 15, 2025, there were 203 shares issued with a DRIP value of $1,070. These shares are excluded from the table above, as the DRIP shares were issued after December 31, 2024.
All of the dividends declared during the year ended December 31, 2024 were derived from ordinary income, determined on a tax basis.
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Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
As set forth in the table below (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts), during the year ended December 31, 2024, we issued and sold 14,209 shares of common stock at an aggregate offering amount of $75,000. The issuance of the shares of common stock was exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D thereof and previously reported by us on our current reports on Form 8-K.
| Common stock issue date | Offering price per share | Common stock
shares issued | Aggregate offering amount | |||||||||
| February 15, 2024 | $ | 5,308 | 4,710 | $ | 25,000 | |||||||
| July 3, 2024 | $ | 5,269 | 4,745 | 25,000 | ||||||||
| October 23, 2024 | $ | 5,259 | 4,754 | 25,000 | ||||||||
| Total common stock issued | 14,209 | $ | 75,000 | |||||||||
ITEM 6. [RESERVED]
The selected financial data previously required by Item 301 of Regulation S-K has been omitted in reliance on SEC Release No. 33-10890, Management’s Discussion and Analysis, Selected Financial Data, and Supplementary Financial Information.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.. Except as otherwise specified, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” refer to Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Investment Objective, Principal Strategy and Investment Structure
Kayne DL 2021, Inc. is a Delaware corporation to make investments in middle-market companies and commenced operations on December 16, 2021. We are an externally managed, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act, as amended. In addition, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we intend to qualify, annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.
Our investment activities are managed by KA Credit Advisors II, LLC (the “Advisor”), an indirect controlled subsidiary of Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (“Kayne Anderson”), and the Advisor operates within Kayne Anderson’s middle market private credit platform (“KAPC” or “Kayne Anderson Private Credit”). The Advisor is an investment advisor registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). In accordance with the Advisers Act, our Advisor is responsible for originating prospective investments, conducting research and due diligence investigations on potential investments, analyzing investment opportunities, negotiating and structuring investments, and monitoring our investments and portfolio companies on an ongoing basis. The Advisor benefits from the scale and resources of Kayne Anderson and specifically KAPC.
Our investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation. We intend to have nearly all of our debt investments in private middle market companies. We use “private” to refer to companies that are not traded on a securities exchange and define “middle market companies” as companies that, in general, generate between $10 million and $150 million of annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA. Further, we refer to companies that generate between $10 million and $50 million of annual EBITDA as “core middle market companies” and companies that generate between $50 million and $150 million of annual EBITDA as “upper middle market companies.” We typically adjust EBITDA for non-recurring and/or normalizing items to assess the financial performance of our borrowers over time.
We intend to achieve our investment objective by investing primarily in first lien senior secured loans, with a secondary focus on unitranche and split-lien loans to middle market companies. Under normal market conditions, we expect at least 90% of our portfolio (including investments purchased with proceeds from borrowings under credit facilities) to be invested in first lien senior secured, unitranche and split-lien loans. Our investment decisions are made on a case-by-case basis. We expect that a majority of these debt investments will be made in core middle market companies and will generally have stated maturities of three to six years. We expect that the loans in which we principally invest will be to companies that are located in the United States. We determine the location of a company as being in the United States by (i) such company being organized under the laws of one of the states in the United States; or (ii) during its most recent fiscal year, such company derived at least 50% of its revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, or services performed in the United States or has at least 50% of its assets in the United States.
The Advisor executes on our investment objective by (1) accessing the established loan sourcing channels developed by KAPC, which includes an extensive network of private equity firms, other middle market lenders, financial advisors, intermediaries and management teams, (2) selecting investments within our middle market company focus, (3) implementing KAPC’s underwriting process and (4) drawing upon its experience and resources and the broader Kayne Anderson network. KAPC was established in 2011 and manages (directly and through affiliates) assets under management (“AUM”) of approximately $7.1 billion related to middle market private credit as of December 31, 2024.
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Recent Developments
On January 15, 2025, we paid a dividend of $139 per share to each common stockholder of record as of December 31, 2024. The total dividend was $7.2 million and, of this amount, $1.1 million was reinvested into the Company through the issuance of 203 shares of common stock.
On February 13, 2025, we sold 4,754 shares of our common stock for a total aggregate offering price of $25 million. We have existing subscription agreements with investors for an aggregate capital commitment of $353.5 million to purchase shares of common stock ($85.5 million is undrawn following this share issuance).
On February 19, 2025, our Board of Directors declared a dividend to common stockholders in the amount of $132 per share. The dividend of $132 per share will be paid on April 15, 2025 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on March 31, 2025, payable in cash or shares of common stock of the Company pursuant to the Company’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan, as amended.
On February 21, 2025, we renewed the Subscription Credit Facility for a one-year term maturing on February 20, 2026.
Portfolio and Investment Activity
Our portfolio is currently comprised of a broad mix of loans, with diversity among investment size and industry focus. The Advisor’s team of professionals conducts due diligence on prospective investments during the underwriting process and is involved in structuring the credit terms of our private middle market investments. Once an investment has been made, our Advisor closely monitors that portfolio investment and takes a proactive approach to identify and address sector or company specific risks. The Advisor seeks to maintain a regular dialogue with portfolio company management teams (as well as their owners, the majority of whom are private equity firms, where applicable), reviews detailed operating and financial results on a regular basis (typically monthly or quarterly) and monitors current and projected liquidity needs, in addition to other portfolio management activities. There are no assurances that we will achieve our investment objectives.
As of December 31, 2024, we had investments in 70 portfolio companies with an aggregate fair value of approximately $261.8 million, and unfunded commitments to these portfolio companies of $31.8 million, and our portfolio consisted of 100% first lien senior secured loans.
As of December 31, 2024, 100% of our debt investments had floating interest rates. Our weighted average yields for debt investments at fair value and amortized cost were 11.1% and 11.3%, respectively.
As of December 31, 2024, our portfolio was invested across 19 different industries (Global Industry Classification “GICS”, Level 3 – Industry). The largest industries in our portfolio as of December 31, 2024 were Trading Companies & Distributors, Commercial Services & Supplies, Health Care Providers & Services and Food Products, which represented, as a percentage of our portfolio of long-term investments, 20.9%, 13.1%, 12.3% and 12.2%, respectively, based on fair value. We are generalist investors and the industries in which our portfolio companies operate may change over time.
As of December 31, 2024, our average position size based on commitment (at the portfolio company level) was $4.2 million.
As of December 31, 2024, the weighted average and median last twelve months (“LTM”) EBITDA of our portfolio companies were $53.4 million and $36.6 million, respectively, based on fair value1.
As of December 31, 2024, the weighted average loan-to-enterprise-value (“LTEV”) of our debt investments at the time of our initial investment was 42.6%, based on par1. LTEV represents the total par value of our debt investment relative to our estimate of the enterprise value of the underlying borrower.
| 1 | Excludes investments on watch list, which represent 2.2% of the total fair value of debt investments as of December 31, 2024. |
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As of December 31, 2024, none of our debt investments in portfolio companies were on non-accrual.
As of December 31, 2024, our portfolio companies’ weighted average leverage ratio and weighted average interest coverage ratio (the calculation of which is based on the most recent quarter end or latest available information from the portfolio companies) was of 4.2x and 2.2x, respectively, based on fair value1.
As of December 31, 2024, the percentage of our debt investments including at least one financial maintenance covenant was 100% based on fair value.
Listed below are our top ten portfolio companies and industries represented as a percentage of total long-term investments as of December 31, 2024:
| Portfolio Company | Industry | Fair
Value ($ in millions) | Percentage of long-term investments | |||||||||
| 1 | Dusk Acquisition II Corporation (Motors & Armatures, Inc. – MARS) | Trading companies & distributors | $ | 7.0 | 2.7 | % | ||||||
| 2 | Engineered Fastener Company, LLC (EFC International) | Trading companies & distributors | $ | 6.9 | 2.6 | % | ||||||
| 3 | Genuine Cable Group, LLC | Trading companies & distributors | $ | 6.8 | 2.6 | % | ||||||
| 4 | Vitesse Systems Parent, LLC | Aerospace & defense | $ | 6.7 | 2.5 | % | ||||||
| 5 | BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) | Food products | $ | 6.4 | 2.4 | % | ||||||
| 6 | Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) | Health care providers & services | $ | 6.3 | 2.4 | % | ||||||
| 7 | Light Wave Dental Management, LLC | Health care providers & services | $ | 6.2 | 2.4 | % | ||||||
| 8 | American Equipment Holdings LLC | Commercial services & supplies | $ | 6.0 | 2.3 | % | ||||||
| 9 | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) | Commercial services & supplies | $ | 5.9 | 2.3 | % | ||||||
| 10 | Envirotech Services, LLC | Professional services | $ | 5.8 | 2.2 | % | ||||||
| $ | 64.0 | 24.4 | % | |||||||||
| 1 | Excludes investments on watch list, which represent 2.2% of the total fair value of debt investments as of December 31, 2024. |
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Our investment activity for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is presented below (information presented herein is at par value unless otherwise indicated).
| For
the years ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024
($ in millions) | 2023
($ in millions) | |||||||
| New investments: | ||||||||
| Gross new investments commitments | $ | 132.6 | $ | 83.3 | ||||
| Less: investment commitments sold down, exited or repaid(1) | (40.5 | ) | (10.1 | ) | ||||
| Net investment commitments | $ | 92.1 | $ | 73.2 | ||||
| Principal amount of investments funded: | ||||||||
| Private credit investments | $ | 124.5 | $ | 90.3 | ||||
| Liquid credit investments | - | - | ||||||
| Total principal amount of investments funded | $ | 124.5 | $ | 90.3 | ||||
| Principal amount of investments sold / repaid: | ||||||||
| Private credit investments | $ | (40.1 | ) | $ | (19.9 | ) | ||
| Liquid credit investments | - | - | ||||||
| Total principal amount of investments sold or repaid | $ | (40.1 | ) | $ | (19.9 | ) | ||
| Number of new investment commitments | 51 | 39 | ||||||
| Average new investment commitment amount | $ | 2.6 | $ | 2.1 | ||||
| Weighted average maturity for new investment commitments(2) | 4.3 years | 3.9 years | ||||||
| Percentage of new debt investment commitments at floating rates | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||
| Percentage of new debt investment commitments at fixed rates | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||
| Weighted average interest rate of new investment commitments(3) | 10.2 | % | 11.7 | % | ||||
| Weighted average interest rate on investment sold or paid down(4) | 10.1 | % | 11.9 | % | ||||
| (1) | Does not include repayments on revolving loans, which may be redrawn. |
| (2) | For undrawn delayed draw term loans, the maturity date used is that of the associated term loan. |
| (3) | Based on the rate in effect at December 31st of each year per our Consolidated Schedule of Investments for new commitments entered into during the year. |
| (4) | Based on the underlying rate if still held at December 31st of each year. For those investments sold or paid down in full during the year, based on the rate in effect at the time of sale or paid down. |
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Portfolio Internal Performance Ratings
In general, we employ a strategy designed to ensure early detection of potential issues at underlying borrowers, including monthly financial reviews internal tracking memoranda, weekly “watch list” discussions and other like activities. We have designed a risk rating system to aid in our portfolio management efforts where each investment is rated level 1-9, where Level 1 is the “least risky” and Level 9 is the “most risky.” This risk-rating system is quantitative in nature and aggregates criteria such as LTEV, leverage levels and fixed charge coverage ratios (“FCCR”) (each measured at point-in-time and as relates to levels at the close of the investment).
The table below sets forth our fair value of debt investments and number of portfolio companies, including percentage of each total, that are on watch list as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
| As of December 31, 2024 | As of December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair
Value ($ in millions) |
% | Number
of Companies |
% | Fair
Value ($ in millions) |
% | Number
of Companies |
% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 5.8 | 2.2 | % | 2 | 2.9 | % | $ | 6.1 | 3.4 | % | 2 | 3.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||
We use Global Industry Classification Standards (GICS), Level 3 – Industry, for classifying the industry groupings of our portfolio companies. The table below describes long-term investments by industry composition based on fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Trading companies & distributors | 20.9 | % | 21.4 | % | ||||
| Commercial services & supplies | 13.1 | % | 7.1 | % | ||||
| Health care providers & services | 12.3 | % | 9.5 | % | ||||
| Food products | 12.2 | % | 13.1 | % | ||||
| Containers & packaging | 7.2 | % | 9.0 | % | ||||
| Aerospace & defense | 6.0 | % | 6.1 | % | ||||
| Leisure products | 4.2 | % | 3.5 | % | ||||
| Professional services | 4.1 | % | 4.9 | % | ||||
| Automobile components | 3.9 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||
| Personal care products | 3.0 | % | - | % | ||||
| Machinery | 2.8 | % | 1.7 | % | ||||
| Building products | 2.0 | % | 0.9 | % | ||||
| IT services | 1.8 | % | 5.4 | % | ||||
| Biotechnology | 1.7 | % | 2.3 | % | ||||
| Wireless telecommunication services | 1.3 | % | 1.9 | % | ||||
| Textiles, apparel & luxury goods | 1.0 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||
| Diversified telecommunication services | 1.0 | % | 2.1 | % | ||||
| Insurance | 0.9 | % | 1.4 | % | ||||
| Health care equipment & supplies | 0.6 | % | 0.9 | % | ||||
| Chemicals | - | % | 2.4 | % | ||||
| Software | - | % | 1.7 | % | ||||
| Capital markets | - | % | 1.7 | % | ||||
| 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||
Results of Operations
The comparison for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 can be found in “Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, our total investment income was derived from our portfolio of investments.
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The following table represents the operating results for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
| For
the years ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | |||||||
| Total investment income | $ | 28.69 | $ | 17.74 | ||||
| Less: Net expenses | (2.78 | ) | (2.15 | ) | ||||
| Net investment income | 25.91 | 15.59 | ||||||
| Net realized gains (losses) on investments | - | - | ||||||
| Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments | 1.12 | 1.06 | ||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | $ | 27.03 | $ | 16.65 | ||||
Investment Income
Investment income for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $28.7 million and $17.7 million, respectively, and consisted primarily of interest income on our debt investments. For the year ended December 31, 2024, we had $0.2 million of PIK interest included in interest income. There was no PIK interest for the year ended December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, all debt investments were income producing, and there were no loans on non-accrual status.
Expenses
Operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
| For
the years ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | |||||||
| Interest and debt financing expenses | $ | 0.17 | $ | 0.21 | ||||
| Management fees | 1.67 | 1.05 | ||||||
| Other operating expenses | 0.78 | 0.74 | ||||||
| Deferred offering costs | - | - | ||||||
| Directors fees | 0.16 | 0.15 | ||||||
| Total expenses | $ | 2.78 | $ | 2.15 | ||||
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
We fair value our portfolio investments quarterly and any changes in fair value are recorded as unrealized gains or losses. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, net unrealized gains (losses) on our investment portfolio were comprised of the following:
| For
the years ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| ($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | |||||||
| Unrealized gains on investments | $ | 2.72 | $ | 2.09 | ||||
| Unrealized (losses) on investments | (1.60 | ) | (1.03 | ) | ||||
| Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments | $ | 1.12 | $ | 1.06 | ||||
60
For these years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the top five largest contributors to the change in unrealized gains and change in unrealized losses on investments are presented in the following tables.
| For the year ended | ||||
| December 31,
2024 | ||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||
| Portfolio Company | ||||
| Pixel Intermediate, LLC | $ | 0.18 | ||
| WAM CR Acquisition, Inc. (Wolverine) | 0.17 | |||
| Energy Acquisition LP (Electrical Components International, Inc. - ECI) | 0.17 | |||
| MVP VIP Borrower, LLC | 0.14 | |||
| Envirotech Services, LLC | 0.13 | |||
| Other portfolio companies unrealized gains | 1.93 | |||
| Other portfolio companies unrealized (losses) | (0.98 | ) | ||
| Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. (Century Box) | (0.08 | ) | ||
| Engineered Fastener Company, LLC (EFC International) | (0.09 | ) | ||
| Universal Marine Medical Supply International, LLC (Unimed) | (0.09 | ) | ||
| EIS Legacy, LLC | (0.12 | ) | ||
| Siegel Egg Co., LLC | (0.24 | ) | ||
| Total Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation), net | $ | 1.12 | ||
| For the year ended | ||||
| December 31,
2023 | ||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||
| Portfolio Company | ||||
| Engineered Fastener Company, LLC (EFC International) | $ | 0.23 | ||
| Light Wave Dental Management LLC | 0.17 | |||
| Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. (Century Box) | 0.15 | |||
| Vitesse Systems Parent, LLC | 0.15 | |||
| Krayden Holdings, Inc. | 0.13 | |||
| Other portfolio companies unrealized gains | 1.26 | |||
| Other portfolio companies unrealized (losses) | (0.40 | ) | ||
| Domain Information Services Inc. (Integris) | (0.07 | ) | ||
| American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) | (0.08 | ) | ||
| IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) | (0.08 | ) | ||
| Siegel Egg Co., LLC | (0.16 | ) | ||
| Centerline Communications, LLC | (0.24 | ) | ||
| Total Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation), net | $ | 1.06 | ||
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Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our liquidity and capital resources are generated primarily from the net proceeds of any offering of our shares of common stock and from cash flows from interest and fees earned from our investments and principal repayments and proceeds from sales of our investments. Our primary use of cash will be investments in portfolio companies, payments of our expenses and payment of cash distributions to our stockholders.
In accordance with the 1940 Act, we are required to meet a coverage ratio of total assets (less total liabilities other than indebtedness) to total borrowings and other senior securities (and any preferred stock that we may issue in the future) of at least 150%. If this ratio declines below 150%, we cannot incur additional leverage and could be required to sell a portion of our investments to repay some leverage when it is disadvantageous to do so. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, we did not have any borrowings outstanding under our subscription credit facility. We do not routinely use leverage, and there are many days when there are no borrowings outstanding under our subscription credit facility.
Over the next twelve months, we expect that cash and cash equivalents, taken together with our available capacity under our credit facilities, will be sufficient to conduct anticipated investment activities. Beyond twelve months, we expect that our cash and liquidity needs will continue to be met by cash generated from our ongoing operations as well as financing activities.
As of December 31, 2024, we did not have any borrowings outstanding under our subscription credit facility and had cash and cash equivalents of $16.3 million (including short-term investments). We do not routinely use leverage, and there are many days when there are no borrowings outstanding under our subscription credit facility. As of February 21, 2025, we did not have any borrowings outstanding under our subscription credit facility and had cash and cash equivalents of $8.7 million.
Capital Contributions
During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we issued and sold 14,209, and 12,364 shares of our common stock, respectively, related to capital called at an aggregate purchase price of $75.0 million and $65.0 million, respectively. As of February 21, 2025, we had aggregate capital commitments of $353.5 million and undrawn capital commitments from investors of $85.5 million ($268.0 million or 75.8% funded).
Credit Facility
Subscription Credit Facility. We are party to a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Subscription Credit Facility”) that has a total commitment of $25 million and a maturity date of February 20, 2026. The Subscription Credit Facility permits us to borrow up to $25 million, subject to availability under the borrowing base which is calculated based on the unused capital commitments of the investors meeting various eligibility requirements. The interest rate on the Subscription Credit Facility is equal to SOFR plus an applicable spread of 2.25% per annum with no floor. We are also required to pay a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum on any unused portion of the Subscription Credit Facility.
Contractual Obligations
We did not have any indebtedness outstanding under our Subscription Credit Facility as of December 31, 2024.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had an aggregate $31.8 million and $24.1 million, respectively, of unfunded commitments to provide debt financing to our portfolio companies. Such commitments are generally subject to the satisfaction of certain financial and nonfinancial covenants and involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in our financial statements. Other than contractual commitments and other legal contingencies incurred in the normal course of our business, we do not have any other off-balance sheet financings or liabilities.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets and any other parameters used in determining such estimates could cause actual results to differ. Our critical accounting policies, including those relating to the valuation of our investment portfolio, are described below. The critical accounting policies should be read in conjunction with our risk factors in this Annual Report. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, for more information on our critical accounting policies.
Investment Valuation
Traded Investments (Level 1 or Level 2)
Investments for which market quotations are readily available will typically be valued at those market quotations. Traded investments such as corporate bonds, preferred stock, bank notes, broadly syndicated loans or loan participations are valued by using the bid price provided by an independent pricing service, by an independent broker, the agent bank, syndicate bank or principal market maker. When price quotes for investments are not available, or such prices are stale or do not represent fair value in the judgment of our Advisor, fair market value will be determined using our Advisor’s valuation process for investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale.
Infrequently, we may also invest, to a lesser extent, in equity securities purchased in conjunction with debt investments. While we anticipate these equity securities to be issued by privately held companies, we may hold equity securities that are publicly traded. Equity securities listed on any exchange other than the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) are valued, except as indicated below, at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices on such day. Securities admitted to trade on the NASDAQ are valued at the NASDAQ official closing price. Equity securities traded on more than one securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for such securities. Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter market, but excluding securities admitted to trading on the NASDAQ, are valued at the closing bid prices.
63
Non-Traded Investments (Level 3)
Investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale, as well as any security for which (a) reliable market quotations are not available in the judgment of our Advisor, or (b) the independent pricing service or independent broker does not provide prices or provides a price that in the judgment of our Advisor is stale or does not represent fair value, shall each be valued in a manner that most fairly reflects fair value of the security on the valuation date. We expect that a significant majority of our investments will be Level 3 investments. Unless otherwise determined by the Advisor, the following valuation process is used for our Level 3 investments:
| ● | Valuation Designee. The applicable investments will be valued no less frequently than quarterly by the Advisor, with new investments valued at the time such investment was made. The value of each Level 3 investment will be initially reviewed by the persons responsible for such portfolio company or investment. The Advisor will use a standardized template designed to approximate fair market value based on observable market inputs, updated credit statistics and unobservable inputs to determine a preliminary value. The Advisor will specify the titles of the persons responsible for determining the fair value of the Company’s investments, including by specifying the particular functions for which they are responsible, and will reasonably segregate fair value determinations from the portfolio management of the Company such that the portfolio manager(s) may not determine, or effectively determine by exerting substantial influence on, the fair values ascribed to portfolio investments. |
| ● | Valuation Firm. Quarterly, a third-party valuation firm engaged by the Advisor reviews the valuation methodologies and calculations employed for each of the Company’s investments that the Advisor has placed on the “watch list” and approximately 25% of the Company’s remaining investments. The third-party valuation firm will review and independently value all of the Level 3 investments at least once per year, on a rolling twelve-month basis. The quarterly report issued by the third-party valuation firm will provide positive assurance on the fair values of the investments reviewed. |
| ● | Oversight. The Board has appointed the Advisor as the valuation designee for the Company for purposes of making determinations of fair value as permitted by Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Audit Committee shall aid the Board in overseeing the Advisor’s fair valuation of securities that are not publicly traded or for which current market values are not readily available. The Audit Committee shall meet quarterly to review the fair value determinations, processes and written reports of the Advisor as part of the Board’s oversight responsibilities. |
Refer to Note 5 – Fair Value – for more information on the Company’s valuation process.
Revenue Recognition
We record interest income on an accrual basis to the extent that we expect to collect such amounts. For loans and debt securities with contractual PIK interest, which represents contractual interest accrued and added to the principal balance, we generally will not accrue PIK interest for accounting purposes if the portfolio company valuation indicates that such PIK interest is not collectible. We do not accrue as a receivable interest on loans and debt securities for accounting purposes if we have reason to doubt our ability to collect such interest. OIDs, market discounts or premiums are accreted or amortized using the effective interest method as interest income. We record prepayment premiums on loans and debt securities as interest income.
Related Party Transactions
Investment Advisory Agreement. On December 16, 2021, we entered into the Investment Advisory Agreement with our Advisor. On February 19, 2025, the Board approved an additional one-year term of the Investment Advisory Agreement from March 15, 2025 to March 15, 2026. Our Advisor serves as our investment advisor in accordance with the terms of our Investment Advisory Agreement. Payments under our Investment Advisory Agreement in each reporting period will consist of a management fee equal to a percentage of the fair market value of investments, including, in each case, assets purchased with borrowings under credit facilities, but excluding cash, U.S. government securities and commercial paper instruments maturing within one year of purchase.
For services rendered under the Investment Advisory Agreement, we pay a management fee quarterly in arrears to our Advisor based on the of the fair market value of our investments including, in each case, assets purchased with borrowings under credit facilities, but excluding cash, U.S. government securities and commercial paper instruments maturing within one year of purchase.
64
Administration Agreement. On December 16, 2021, we entered into an Administration Agreement with our Advisor, which serves as our Administrator, pursuant to which the Administrator furnishes us with administrative services necessary to conduct our day-to-day operations. On February 19, 2025, the Board approved an additional one-year term of the Administration Agreement through March 15, 2026.
The Administrator is reimbursed for administrative expenses it incurs on our behalf in performing its obligations. As we reimburse the Administrator for its expenses, we will indirectly bear such cost. The Administrator engaged Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC under a sub-administration agreement to assist the Administrator in performing certain of its administrative duties. The Administrator may enter into additional sub-administration agreements with third-parties to perform other administrative and professional services on behalf of the Administrator.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are subject to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates. Interest rate sensitivity refers to the change in our earnings that may result from changes in the level of interest rates. Because we fund a portion of our investments with borrowings, our net investment income will be affected by the difference between the rate at which we invest and the rate at which we borrow. As a result, there can be no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on our net investment income.
Assuming that the consolidated statement of assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 were to remain constant and that we took no actions to alter our existing interest rate sensitivity, the following table shows the annualized impact ($ in millions) of hypothetical base rate changes in interest rate (considering interest rate floors for floating rate instruments).
| Change in Interest Rates | Increase
(Decrease) in Interest Income | Increase
(Decrease) in Interest Expense | Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Investment Income | |||||||||
| Down 200 basis points | $ | (5.2 | ) | $ | - | $ | (5.2 | ) | ||||
| Down 100 basis points | $ | (2.6 | ) | $ | - | $ | (2.6 | ) | ||||
| Up 100 basis points | $ | 2.6 | $ | - | $ | 2.6 | ||||||
| Up 200 basis points | $ | 5.2 | $ | - | $ | 5.2 | ||||||
The data in the table is based on the Company’s current statement of assets and liabilities.
We may hedge against interest rate fluctuations by using standard hedging instruments such as futures, options and forward contracts subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act. While hedging activities may insulate us against adverse changes in interest rates, they may also limit our ability to participate in benefits of lower interest rates with respect to our portfolio of investments with fixed interest rates.
65
ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of assets and liabilities, including the consolidated schedules of investments, of Kayne DL 2021, Inc. and its subsidiary (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of changes in net assets and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations, changes in its net assets and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/
March 3, 2025
We have served as the auditor of one or more investment companies in Kayne Anderson Funds Family since 2004.
F-2
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Assets and Liabilities
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
| December 31,
2024 | December 31,
2023 | |||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||
| Investments, at fair value: | ||||||||
| Long-term investments (amortized cost of $ | $ | $ | ||||||
| Short-term investments (amortized cost of $ | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||
| Receivable for principal payments on investments | ||||||||
| Interest receivable | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Unamortized Subscription Credit Facility issuance costs | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Distributions payable | ||||||||
| Management fee payable | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | ||||||||
| Accrued excise tax expense | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 8) | ||||||||
| Net Assets: | ||||||||
| Common Shares, $ | $ | $ | ||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Total distributable earnings (deficit) | ||||||||
| Total Net Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Total Liabilities and Net Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Net Asset Value Per Common Share | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-3
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Operations
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
| For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Income: | ||||||||||||
| Investment income from investments: | ||||||||||||
| Interest income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Dividend income | ||||||||||||
| Total Investment Income | ||||||||||||
| Expenses: | ||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||||||||
| Management fees | ||||||||||||
| Professional fees | ||||||||||||
| Directors fees | ||||||||||||
| Offering costs | ||||||||||||
| Excise tax | ||||||||||||
| Other general and administrative expenses | ||||||||||||
| Total Expenses | ||||||||||||
| Net Investment Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||
| Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments | ||||||||||||
| Net realized gains (losses): | ||||||||||||
| Investments | ||||||||||||
| Total net realized gains (losses) | ||||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized gains (losses): | ||||||||||||
| Investments | ||||||||||||
| Total net change in unrealized gains (losses) | ||||||||||||
| Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) | ||||||||||||
| Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Per Common Share Data: | ||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net increase in net assets resulting from operations | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic and Diluted | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Net Assets
(amounts in 000’s)
| For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations: | ||||||||||||
| Net investment income (loss) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Net realized gains (losses) on investments | ||||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments | ||||||||||||
| Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | ||||||||||||
| Decrease in Net Assets Resulting from Stockholder Dividends | ||||||||||||
| Dividends to stockholders | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net Decrease in Net Assets Resulting from Stockholder Dividends | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Increase in Net Assets Resulting from Capital Share Transactions | ||||||||||||
| Issuance of common shares | ||||||||||||
| Reinvestment of dividends | ||||||||||||
| Net Increase in Net Assets Resulting from Capital Share Transactions | ||||||||||||
| Total Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets | ||||||||||||
| Net Assets, Beginning of Period | ||||||||||||
| Net Assets, End of Period | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
(amounts in 000’s)
| For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||||||
| Net realized (gains)/losses on investments | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized (gains)/losses on investments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net accretion of discount on investments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Sales (purchases) of short-term investments, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Purchases of portfolio investments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from sales of investments and principal repayments | ||||||||||||
| Paid-in-kind interest from portfolio investments | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred financing cost | ||||||||||||
| Increase/(decrease) in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| (Increase)/decrease in interest and dividends receivable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| (Increase)/decrease in deferred offering costs | ||||||||||||
| (Increase)/decrease in receivable for principal payments on investments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| (Increase)/decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Increase/(decrease) in payable for investments purchased | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Increase/(decrease) in management fees payable | ||||||||||||
| Increase/(decrease) in excise tax payable | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Increase/(decrease) in accrued organizational and offering costs, net | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Increase/(decrease) in accrued other general and administrative expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | ||||||||||||
| Borrowings/(payments) on subscription credit facility, net | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Payments of debt issuance costs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Dividends paid in cash | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common shares | ||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental and Non-Cash Information: | ||||||||||||
| Interest paid during the period | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Non-cash financing activities not included herein consisted of reinvestment of dividends | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-6
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt Investments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) | (5) | First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | $ | $ | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fastener Distribution Holdings, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vitesse Systems Parent, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Speedstar Holding LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vehicle Accessories, Inc. | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| WAM CR Acquisition, Inc. (Wolverine) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alcami Corporation (Alcami) | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-7
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Building products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| US Anchors Group, Inc. (Mechanical Plastics Corp.) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advanced Environmental Monitoring, Inc. | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allentown, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Equipment Holdings LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bloomington Holdco, LLC (BW Fusion) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-8
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Connect America.com, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diverzify Intermediate LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Superior Intermediate LLC (Landmark Structures) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tapco Buyer LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. (Century Box) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Drew Foam Companies, Inc. | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-9
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Innopak Industries, Inc. | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Robinette Company | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diversified telecommunication services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Network Connex (f/k/a NTI Connect, LLC) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Food products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CCFF Buyer, LLC (California Custom Fruits & Flavors, LLC) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| City Line Distributors, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-10
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| J&K Ingredients, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ML Buyer, LLC (Mama Lycha Foods, LLC) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Siegel Egg Co., LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-11
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brightview, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guardian Dentistry Partners, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Light Wave Dental Management LLC | First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MVP VIP Borrower, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NMA Holdings, LLC (Neuromonitoring Associates) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-12
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redwood MSO, LLC (Smile Partners) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refocus Management Services, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salt Dental Collective, LLC | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allcat Claims Service, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-13
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IT services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Improving Acquisition LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MacNeill Pride Group Corp. | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pixel Intermediate, LLC | (5) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spinrite, Inc. | (5) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| VENUplus, Inc. (f/k/a CTM Group, Inc.) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MRC Keystone Acquisition LLC (Automated Handing Solutions) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Luxium Solutions, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PVI Holdings, Inc | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-14
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Personal care products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Phoenix YW Buyer, Inc. (Elida Beauty) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Silk Holdings III Corp. (Suave) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Envirotech Services, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Textiles, apparel & luxury goods | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-15
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AIDC Intermediate Co 2, LLC (Peak Technologies) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TL Alpine Holding Corp. (Air Distribution Technologies Inc.) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BCDI Meteor Acquisition, LLC (Meteor) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dusk Acquisition II Corporation (Motors & Armatures, Inc. – MARS) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Energy Acquisition LP (Electrical Components International, Inc. - ECI) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Engineered Fastener Company, LLC (EFC International) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-16
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genuine Cable Group, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| I.D. Images Acquisition, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Krayden Holdings, Inc. | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Workholding US Holdings, LLC (Forkardt Hardinge) | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-17
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in 000’s)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Spread | PIK Rate | Reference(2) | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(3)(4) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Centerline Communications, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Debt Investments | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of | Fair | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Cost | Value | of
Net Assets | |||||||||||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||||||||||||||
| Morgan Stanley Institutional Liquidity Fund, Institutional Class, | (6) | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Short-Term Investments | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Investments | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||
| - | ||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets | ( | ) | ( | )% | ||||||||||||||
| Net Assets | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||
| (1) | As of December 31, 2024, all investments are Level 3 holdings. See Note 5 – Fair Value. As of such date, all investments are also non-controlled, non-affiliated investments. Non-controlled, non-affiliated investments are defined as investments in which the Company owns less than 5% of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting securities and does not have the power to exercise control over the management or policies of such portfolio company. |
| (2) |
| (3) |
| (4) |
| (5) |
| (6) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-18
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2023
(amounts in 000’s, except number of shares, units)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(2)(3) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Debt Investments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private Credit Investments(4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) | (5) | First lien senior secured revolving loan | $ | $ | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Precinmac (US) Holdings, Inc. | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vitesse Systems Parent, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Speedstar Holding LLC | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vehicle Accessories, Inc. | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alcami Corporation (Alcami) | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
F-19
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2023
(amounts in 000’s, except number of shares, units)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(2)(3) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atria Wealth Solutions, Inc. | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemicals | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shrieve Chemical Company, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allentown, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Equipment Holdings LLC | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. (Century Box) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Drew Foam Companies, Inc. | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Innopak Industries, Inc. | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diversified telecommunication services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Network Connex (f/k/a NTI Connect, LLC) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-20
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2023
(amounts in 000’s, except number of shares, units)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(2)(3) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Food products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| City Line Distributors, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| J&K Ingredients, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Siegel Egg Co., LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brightview, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-21
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2023
(amounts in 000’s, except number of shares, units)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(2)(3) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guardian Dentistry Partners | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Light Wave Dental Management LLC | First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| SGA Dental Partners Holdings, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allcat Claims Service, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IT services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain Information Services Inc. (Integris) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Improving Acquisition LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-22
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2023
(amounts in 000’s, except number of shares, units)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(2)(3) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BCI Burke Holding Corp. | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| VENUplus, Inc. (f/k/a CTM Group, Inc.) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| MacNeill Pride Group | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania Machine Works, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| PVI Holdings, Inc | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Universal Marine Medical Supply International, LLC (Unimed) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Software | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AIDC Intermediate Co 2, LLC (Peak Technologies) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Textiles, apparel & luxury goods | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-23
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2023
(amounts in 000’s, except number of shares, units)
| Portfolio Company(1) | Footnotes | Investment | Interest Rate | Maturity Date | Principal / Par | Amortized Cost(2)(3) | Fair Value | Percentage of Net Assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BCDI Meteor Acquisition, LLC (Meteor) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| EIS Legacy, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Engineered Fastener Company, LLC (EFC International) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genuine Cable Group, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| I.D. Images Acquisition, LLC | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Krayden Holdings, Inc. | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) | First lien senior secured loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured revolving loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Centerline Communications, LLC | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| First lien senior secured loan | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Investments | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-24
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
As of December 31, 2023
(amounts in 000’s, except number of shares, units)
| Number of | Fair | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||
| Footnotes | Shares | Cost | Value | of Net Assets | ||||||||||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||||||||||||||
| First American Treasury Obligations Fund – Institutional Class Z, | (6) | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Short-Term Investments | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Investments | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||
| Assets in Excess of Other Liabilities | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Net Assets | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||
| (1) | As of December 31, 2023, all investments are non-controlled, non-affiliated investments. Non-controlled, non-affiliated investments are defined as investments in which the Company owns less than 5% of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting securities and does not have the power to exercise control over the management or policies of such portfolio company. |
| (2) | The amortized cost represents the original cost adjusted for the amortization of discounts and premiums, as applicable, on debt investments using the effective interest method. |
| (3) | As of December 31, 2023, the tax cost of the Company’s investments approximates their amortized cost. |
| (4) | Loan contains a variable rate structure, that may be subject to an interest rate floor. Variable rate loans bear interest at a rate that may be determined by reference to either the Secured Overnight Funding Rate (“SOFR” or “S”) (which can include one-, three- or six-month SOFR), or an alternate base rate (which can include the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Prime Rate or “P”). |
| (5) | Non-qualifying investment as defined by Section 55(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940. The Company may not acquire any non-qualifying asset unless, at the time of acquisition, qualifying assets represent at least 70% of the Company’s total assets. As of December 31, 2023, 2.4% of the Company’s total assets were in non-qualifying investments. |
| (6) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-25
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
Note 1. Organization
Organization
Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (the “Company”) is an externally managed, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). In addition, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Company intends to qualify as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
The Company is a Delaware corporation to make investments in middle-market companies and commenced operations on December 16, 2021.
The Company is managed by KA Credit Advisors II, LLC (the “Advisor”), an indirect controlled subsidiary of Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (“Kayne Anderson”), a prominent alternative investment management firm. The Advisor operates within Kayne Anderson’s middle market private credit platform (“KAPC” or “Kayne Anderson Private Credit”). The Advisor is registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisory Act of 1940, as amended. Subject to the overall supervision of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”), the Advisor is responsible for originating prospective investments, conducting research and due diligence investigations on potential investments, analyzing investment opportunities, negotiating and structuring investments, determining the value of the investments and monitoring its investments and portfolio companies on an ongoing basis. The Board consists of five directors, four of whom are independent (including the Board’s chairperson).
The Company’s investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation primarily through debt investments in middle-market companies.
As
of December 31, 2024, the Company has entered into subscription agreements with investors for an aggregate capital commitment of $
The Company conducts private offerings of its Common Stock to investors in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). At the closing of any private offering, each investor will make a capital commitment (a “Capital Commitment”) to purchase shares of its common stock pursuant to a subscription agreement entered into with the Company. Investors will be required to fund drawdowns to purchase shares of common stock up to the amount of their respective Capital Commitments each time the Company delivers a notice to the investors. The Company commenced its loan origination and investment activities on December 16, 2021 contemporaneously with the initial drawdown from investors in the private offering.
Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies
A. Basis of Presentation—the accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company is an investment company and follows accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 946 — “Financial Services — Investment Companies.” In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, considered necessary for the fair statement of the financial statements for the periods presented, have been included.
B. Consolidation—As provided under Regulation S-X and ASC Topic 946 – “Financial Services – Investment Companies”, the Company will generally not consolidate its investment in a company other than a wholly-owned investment company or controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company.
Accordingly, the Company consolidated the accounts of KDL Corp, LLC in its consolidated financial statements. KDL Corp, LLC is a Delaware LLC that has elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. tax purposes and was formed to facilitate compliance with the requirements to be treated as a RIC under the Code by holding (directly or indirectly through a subsidiary) equity or equity related investments in portfolio companies organized as limited liability companies or limited partnerships. As of December 31, 2024, KDL Corp, LLC held no investments.
C. Use of Estimates—the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
D. Cash and Cash Equivalents—cash and cash equivalents include short-term, liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less and include money market fund accounts. Cash equivalents, which are the Company’s investments in money market fund accounts, are presented on the Company’s consolidated schedule of investments, and within investments on the Company’s consolidated statement of assets and liabilities.
F-26
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
E. Investment Valuation, Fair Value—the Company conducts the valuation of its investments consistent with GAAP and the 1940 Act. The Company’s investments will be valued no less frequently than quarterly, in accordance with the terms of Topic 820 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures (“ASC 820”).
Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, the Board of Directors has designated the Advisor as the “valuation designee” to perform fair value determinations of the Company’s portfolio holdings, subject to oversight by and periodic reporting to the Board. The valuation designee performs fair valuation of the Company’s portfolio holdings in accordance with the Advisor’s Valuation Program, as approved by the Board.
Traded Investments (Level 1 or Level 2)
Investments for which market quotations are readily available will typically be valued at those market quotations. Traded investments such as corporate bonds, preferred stock, bank notes, broadly syndicated loans or loan participations are valued by using the bid price provided by an independent pricing service, by an independent broker, the agent bank, syndicate bank or principal market maker. When price quotes for investments are not available, or such prices are stale or do not represent fair value in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor, fair market value will be determined using the Advisor’s valuation process for investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale.
The Company may also invest, to a lesser extent, in equity securities purchased in conjunction with debt investments. While the Company anticipates these equity securities to be issued by privately held companies, the Company may hold equity securities that are publicly traded. Equity securities listed on any exchange other than the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) are valued, except as indicated below, at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices on such day. Securities admitted to trade on the NASDAQ are valued at the NASDAQ official closing price. Equity securities traded on more than one securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for such securities. Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter market, but excluding securities admitted to trading on the NASDAQ, are valued at the closing bid prices.
Non-Traded Investments (Level 3)
Investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale, as well as any security for which (a) reliable market quotations are not available in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor, or (b) the independent pricing service or independent broker does not provide prices or provides a price that in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor is stale or does not represent fair value, shall each be valued in a manner that most fairly reflects fair value of the security on the valuation date. The Company expects that a significant majority of its investments will be Level 3 investments. Unless otherwise determined by the Advisor, the following valuation process is used for the Company’s Level 3 investments:
| ● | Valuation Designee. The applicable investments will be valued no less frequently than quarterly by the Advisor, with new investments valued at the time such investment was made. The value of each Level 3 investment will be initially reviewed by the persons responsible for such portfolio company or investment. The Advisor will use a standardized template designed to approximate fair market value based on observable market inputs, updated credit statistics and unobservable inputs to determine a preliminary value. The Advisor will specify the titles of the persons responsible for determining the fair value of Company investments, including by specifying the particular functions for which they are responsible, and will reasonably segregate fair value determinations from the portfolio management of the Company such that the portfolio manager(s) may not determine, or effectively determine by exerting substantial influence on, the fair values ascribed to portfolio investments. |
F-27
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
| ● | Valuation Firm. Quarterly, a third-party valuation firm engaged by the Advisor reviews the valuation methodologies and calculations employed for each of the Company’s investments that the Advisor has placed on the “watch list” and approximately |
| ● | Oversight. The Board has appointed the Advisor as the valuation designee for the Company for purposes of making determinations of fair value as permitted by Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The Audit Committee shall aid the Board in overseeing the Advisor’s fair valuation of securities that are not publicly traded or for which current market values are not readily available. The Audit Committee shall meet quarterly to review the fair value determinations, processes and written reports of the Advisor as part of the Board’s oversight responsibilities. |
Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to the Company’s financial statements express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on the Company’s financial statements.
F.
Interest Income Recognition—Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis and includes the accretion of discounts, amortization
of premiums and payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest. Discounts from and premiums to par value on investments purchased are accreted/amortized
into interest income over the life of the respective security using the effective yield method. To the extent loans contain PIK provisions,
PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each applicable agreement, is accrued and recorded as interest income and
added to the principal balance of the loan. PIK interest income added to the principal balance is generally collected upon repayment
of the outstanding principal. The Company does not accrue PIK interest if, in the opinion of the Advisor, the portfolio company valuation
indicates that the PIK interest is not likely to be collectible. If the Company believes PIK is not expected to be realized, the investment
generating PIK will be placed on non-accrual status. When a PIK investment is placed on non-accrual status, the accrued, uncapitalized
interest is generally reversed through PIK interest income. Previously capitalized PIK interest is not reversed when an investment is
placed on non-accrual status. To maintain the Company’s status as a RIC, this non-cash source of income must be paid out to stockholders
in the form of dividends for the year the income was earned, even though the Company has not yet collected the cash. The amortized cost
of investments represents the original cost adjusted for any accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and PIK interest. For the
year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had $
Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when it has been determined that a significant impairment in the financial condition and ability of the borrower to repay principal and interest has occurred and is expected to continue such that it is probable the collectability of full amount of the loan (principal and interest) is doubtful. Accrued and unpaid interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. If cash payments are received subsequent to a loan being placed on non-accrual status, these payments will first be applied to previously accrued but uncollected interest, then to recover the principal. Additionally, any original issue discount and market discount are no longer accreted to interest income as of the date the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid or there is no longer a reasonable doubt that such principal or interest will be collected in full and, in the Company’s judgment, principal and interest are likely to remain current. The Company may make exceptions to this policy if the loan has sufficient collateral value (i.e., typically measured as enterprise value of the portfolio company) or is in the process of collection. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company did not have any investments in portfolio companies on non-accrual status.
F-28
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
G. Debt Issuance Costs—Costs incurred by the Company related to the issuance of its debt (credit facilities) are capitalized and amortized over the period the debt is outstanding. The Company has classified the costs incurred to issue its credit facilities as a deduction from the carrying value of the credit facilities on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. For the purpose of calculating the Company’s asset coverage ratios pursuant to the 1940 Act, deferred issuance costs are not deducted from the carrying value of debt or preferred stock.
H. Dividends to Common Stockholders—Distributions to common stockholders are recorded on the record date. The amount to be paid out as a dividend is determined by the Company’s board of directors each quarter and is generally based upon the earnings estimated by management and considers the level of undistributed taxable income carried forward from the prior year for distribution in the current year. Net realized capital gains, if any, are generally distributed, although the Company may decide to retain such capital gains for investment.
I. Income Taxes—it is the Company’s intention to continue to be treated as and to qualify each year for special tax treatment afforded a RIC under the Code. As long as the Company meets certain requirements that govern its sources of income, diversification of assets and timely distribution of earnings to stockholders, the Company will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
The
Company must pay distributions equal to
All
RICs are subject to a non-deductible
F-29
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing its financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold are reserved and recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes are included in income tax expense. Conclusions regarding tax positions are subject to review and may be adjusted at a later date based on factors including, but not limited to, on-going analyses of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof.
J. Commitments and Contingencies—in the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contracts that provide a variety of general indemnifications. Any exposure to the Company under these arrangements could involve future claims that may be made against the Company. Currently, no such claims exist or are expected to arise and, accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liability in connection with such indemnifications.
K. Recent Accounting Pronouncements — In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which enhances disclosure requirements about significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”). ASU 2023-07, among other things, (i) requires a single segment public entity to provide all of the disclosures as required by ASC 280, (ii) requires a public entity to disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources and (iii) provides the ability for a public entity to elect more than one performance measure. ASU 2023-07 is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods beginning with the first quarter ended March 31, 2025. Early adoption is permitted and retrospective adoption is required for all prior periods presented. The Company has adopted ASU 2023-07 effective December 31, 2024, and concluded that the application of this guidance did not have any material impact on its consolidated financial statements. See Note 12 – Segment Reporting, for more information on the effects of the adoption of ASU 2023-07.
Note 3. Agreements and Related Party Transactions
A. Administration Agreement—on December 16, 2021, the Company entered into an Administration Agreement with its Advisor, which serves as its Administrator and provides or oversees the performance of its required administrative services and professional services rendered by others, which include (but are not limited to), accounting, payment of our expenses, legal, compliance, operations, technology and investor relations, preparation and filing of its tax returns, and preparation of financial reports provided to its stockholders and filed with the SEC. On February 19, 2025, the Board approved an additional one-year term of the Administration Agreement through March 15, 2026.
The Company reimburses the Administrator for its costs and expenses incurred in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement. As the Company reimburses the Administrator for its expenses, those costs will be ultimately borne by stockholders. The Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party with 60 days’ written notice.
F-30
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
B. Investment Advisory Agreement—on December 16, 2021, the Company entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement with its Advisor. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with its Advisor, the Company will pay its Advisor a management fee for investment advisory and management services. The Investment Advisory Agreement may be terminated by either party with 60 days’ written notice. On February 19, 2025, the Board approved an additional one-year term of the Investment Advisory Agreement from March 15, 2025 to March 15, 2026.
Management Fee
The
management fee is calculated at an annual rate of
The
management fee is payable quarterly in arrears and calculated based on the average of the Company’s fair market value of investments,
at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, including, in each case, assets purchased with borrowings under credit
facilities, but excluding cash, U.S. government securities and commercial paper instruments maturing within
For
the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred management fees of $
C.
Other—Kayne Anderson, an affiliate of the Advisor, made equity contributions of $
Note 4. Investments
The following table presents the composition of the Company’s investment portfolio at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||
| Amortized | Fair | Amortized | Fair | |||||||||||||
| Cost | Value | Cost | Value | |||||||||||||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
As
of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $
The Company uses Global Industry Classification Standards (GICS), Level 3 – Industry, for classifying the industry groupings of its portfolio companies.
F-31
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
The industry composition of long-term investments based on fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Trading companies & distributors | % | % | ||||||
| Commercial services & supplies | % | % | ||||||
| Health care providers & services | % | % | ||||||
| Food products | % | % | ||||||
| Containers & packaging | % | % | ||||||
| Aerospace & defense | % | % | ||||||
| Leisure products | % | % | ||||||
| Professional services | % | % | ||||||
| Automobile components | % | % | ||||||
| Personal care products | % | % | ||||||
| Machinery | % | % | ||||||
| Building products | % | % | ||||||
| IT services | % | % | ||||||
| Biotechnology | % | % | ||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services | % | % | ||||||
| Textiles, apparel & luxury goods | % | % | ||||||
| Diversified telecommunication services | % | % | ||||||
| Insurance | % | % | ||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies | % | % | ||||||
| Chemicals | % | % | ||||||
| Software | - | % | % | |||||
| Capital markets | % | % | ||||||
| % | % | |||||||
Note 5. Fair Value
The Fair Value Measurement Topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC 820) defines fair value as the price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants under current market conditions at the measurement date. As required by ASC 820, the Company has performed an analysis of all investments measured at fair value to determine the significance and character of all inputs to their fair value determination. Inputs are the assumptions, along with considerations of risk, that a market participant would use to value an asset or a liability. In general, observable inputs are based on market data that is readily available, regularly distributed and verifiable that the Company obtains from independent, third-party sources. Unobservable inputs are developed by the Company based on its own assumptions of how market participants would value an asset or a liability.
The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into the following three broad categories.
| Level 1 | — | Valuations based on quoted unadjusted prices for identical instruments in active markets traded on a national exchange to which the Company has access at the date of measurement. |
| Level 2 | — | Valuations based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets. Level 2 inputs are those in markets for which there are few transactions, the prices are not current, little public information exists or instances where prices vary substantially over time or among brokered market makers. |
| Level 3 | — | Model derived valuations in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. Unobservable inputs are those inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions that market participants would use to price the asset or liability based on the best available information. |
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument.
F-32
Kayne DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
| Fair Value Hierarchy as of December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Investments: | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Fair Value Hierarchy as of December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Investments: | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The following tables present changes in the fair value of investments for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine the fair value as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
| First-lien | ||||
| senior secured | ||||
| For the year ended December 31, 2024 | debt investments | |||
| Fair value, beginning of period | $ | |||
| Purchases of investments, including PIK, if any | ||||
| Proceeds from sales of investments and principal repayments | ( | ) | ||
| Net change in unrealized gain (loss) | ||||
| Net realized gain (loss) | ||||
| Net accretion of discount on investments | ||||
| Transfers into (out of) Level 3 | ||||
| Fair value, end of period | $ | |||
| First-lien | ||||
| senior secured | ||||
| For the year ended December 31, 2023 | debt investments | |||
| Fair value, beginning of period | $ | |||
| Purchases of investments, including PIK, if any | ||||
| Proceeds from sales of investments and principal repayments | ( | ) | ||
| Net change in unrealized gain (loss) | ||||
| Net realized gain (loss) | ||||
| Net accretion of discount on investments | ||||
| Transfers into (out of) Level 3 | ||||
| Fair value, end of period | $ | |||
F-33
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not recognize any transfers to or from Level 3. The increase in unrealized gain (loss) relates to investments that were held during the period. The Company includes these unrealized gains and losses on the Statement of Operations – Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses).
Valuation Techniques and Unobservable Inputs
Non-traded debt investments are typically valued using either a market yield analysis or an enterprise value analysis. For debt investments that are not considered to be credit impaired, the Advisor uses a market yield analysis to determine fair value. If the debt investment is considered to be credit impaired (which is determined by performing an enterprise value analysis), the Advisor will use the enterprise value analysis or a liquidation basis analysis to determine fair value.
To determine fair value using a market yield analysis, the Advisor discounts the contractual cash flows of each investment at an appropriate discount rate (the market yield). To determine the estimated market yield for its debt investments, the Advisor analyzes changes in the risk/reward (measured by yields and leverage) of middle market indices as compared to changes in risk/reward for the underlying investment and estimates the appropriate discount rate for such debt investment. In this context, the discount rate and fair market value of the investment is impacted by the structure and pricing of the security relative to current market yields for similar investments in similar businesses as well as the financial performance of such business. In performing this analysis, the Advisor considers data sources including, but not limited to: (i) industry publications, such as S&P Global’s High-End Middle Market Lending Review; Thomson Reuter’s Refinitiv Middle Market Monthly Stats; CapitalIQ; Pitchbook News; The Lead Left, and other data sources; (ii) comparable investments reviewed or completed by affiliates of the Advisor, and (iii) information obtained and provided by the Advisor’s independent valuation managers.
To determine if a debt investment is credit impaired, the Advisor estimates the enterprise value of the business and compares such estimate to the outstanding indebtedness of such business. The Advisor utilizes the following valuation methodologies to determine the estimated enterprise value of the company: (i) analysis of valuations of publicly traded companies in a similar line of business (“public company comparable analysis”), (ii) analysis of valuations of M&A transaction valuations for companies in a similar line of business (“precedent transaction analysis”), (iii) discounted cash flows (“DCF analysis”) and (iv) other valuation methodologies.
In determining the non-traded debt investment valuations, the following factors are considered, where relevant: the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the company’s ability to make interest payments, amortization payments (if any) and other fixed charges; call features, put features and other relevant terms of the debt security; the company’s historical and projected financial results; the markets in which the company does business; changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect the price at which similar investments may be valued; and other relevant factors.
Equity investments in private companies are typically valued using one of or a combination of the following valuation techniques: (i) public company comparable analysis, (ii) precedent transaction analysis and (iii) DCF analysis.
Under all of these valuation techniques, the Advisor estimates operating results of the companies in which it invests, including earnings before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) and free cash flow. These estimates utilize unobservable inputs such as historical operating results, which may be unaudited, and projected operating results, which will be based on operating assumptions for such company. Investment performance data utilized will be the most recently available as of the measurement date which in many cases may reflect up to a one quarter lag in information. These estimates will be sensitive to changes in assumptions specific to such company as well as general assumptions for the industry. Other unobservable inputs utilized in the valuation techniques outlined above include: discounts for lack of marketability, selection of publicly traded companies, selection of similar precedent transactions, selected ranges for valuation multiples and expected required rates of return (discount rates).
Quantitative Table for Valuation Techniques
| As of December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||
| Valuation | Unobservable | Weighted | ||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Technique | Input | Range | Average | ||||||||||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | $ | % | ||||||||||||
F-34
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
| As of December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||
| Valuation | Unobservable | Weighted | ||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Technique | Input | Range | Average | ||||||||||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | $ | % | ||||||||||||
Note 6. Debt
As
of December 31, 2024, the Company has a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Subscription Credit Facility”), that
has a total commitment of $
Debt obligations consisted of the following as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Aggregate Principal Committed | Outstanding Principal | Amount Available(1) | ||||||||||
| Subscription Credit Facility | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Total debt | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Aggregate Principal Committed | Outstanding Principal | Amount Available(1) | ||||||||||
| Subscription Credit Facility | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Total debt | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| (1) |
For
the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the weighted average interest rate of borrowings outstanding was
F-35
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
Note 7. Share Transactions
Common Stock Issuances
The following tables summarize the number of common stock shares issued and aggregate proceeds received from such issuances related to the Company’s capital call notices pursuant to subscription agreements with investors for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
| For the year ended December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Offering | Aggregate | |||||||||||
| price per | Common stock | offering | ||||||||||
| Common stock issue date | share | shares issued | amount | |||||||||
| February 15, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| July 3, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||
| October 23, 2024 | $ | |||||||||||
| Total common stock issued | $ | |||||||||||
| For the year ended December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Offering | Aggregate | |||||||||||
| price per | Common stock | offering | ||||||||||
| Common stock issue date | share | shares issued | amount | |||||||||
| February 28, 2023 | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| August 10, 2023 | $ | |||||||||||
| December 19, 2023 | $ | |||||||||||
| Total common stock issued | $ | |||||||||||
| For the year ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Offering | Aggregate | |||||||||||
| price per | Common stock | offering | ||||||||||
| Common stock issue date | share | shares issued | amount | |||||||||
| June 29, 2022 | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| October 14, 2022 | $ | |||||||||||
| December 9, 2022 | $ | |||||||||||
| Total common stock issued | $ | |||||||||||
F-36
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
As of December 31, 2024,
the Company had subscription agreements with investors for an aggregate capital commitment of $
Dividends and Dividend Reinvestment
The following tables summarize the dividends declared and payable by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 - Subsequent Events.
| For the year ended December 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| Dividend | ||||||||
| Dividend declaration date | Dividend record date | Dividend payment date | per share | |||||
| March 6, 2024 | $ | |||||||
| May 8, 2024 | ||||||||
| August 7, 2024 | ||||||||
| November 6, 2024 | ||||||||
| Total dividends declared | $ | |||||||
| For the year ended December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
| Dividend | ||||||||
| Dividend declaration date | Dividend record date | Dividend payment date | per share | |||||
| March 7, 2023 | $ | |||||||
| May 10, 2023 | ||||||||
| August 10, 2023 | ||||||||
| November 9, 2023 | ||||||||
| $ | ||||||||
| For the year ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||
| Dividend | ||||||||
| Dividend declaration date | Dividend record date | Dividend payment date | per share | |||||
| April 19, 2022 | $ | |||||||
| July 19, 2022 | ||||||||
| October 18, 2022 | ||||||||
| December 16, 2022 | ||||||||
| $ | ||||||||
F-37
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
The following tables summarize the amounts received and shares of common stock issued to shareholders pursuant to the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
| For the year ended December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Dividend record date | Dividend payment date | DRIP shares issued | DRIP value | |||||||
| December 29, 2023 | $ | |||||||||
| March 29, 2024 | ||||||||||
| June 28, 2024 | ||||||||||
| September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||
For
the dividend declared on November 6, 2024 and paid on
| For the year ended December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| Dividend | DRIP | |||||||||
| payment | shares | DRIP | ||||||||
| Dividend record date | date | issued | value | |||||||
| December 29, 2022 | $ | |||||||||
| March 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| June 30, 2023 | ||||||||||
| September 29, 2023 | ||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||
For
the dividend declared on November 9, 2023 and paid on
| For the year ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Dividend | DRIP | |||||||||
| payment | shares | DRIP | ||||||||
| Dividend record date | date | issued | value | |||||||
| April 20, 2022 | $ | |||||||||
| July 20, 2022 | ||||||||||
| October 13, 2022 | ||||||||||
| $ | ||||||||||
For
the dividend declared on December 16, 2022 and paid on
F-38
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies
The
Company had an aggregate of $
A summary of the composition of the unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is shown in the table below.
| As of | As of | |||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Alcami Corporation (Alcami) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Allcat Claims Service, LLC | ||||||||
| Allentown, LLC | ||||||||
| American Equipment Holdings LLC | ||||||||
| American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) | ||||||||
| MRC Keystone Acquisition LLC (Automated Handing Solutions) | ||||||||
| Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) | ||||||||
| BCI Burke Holding Corp. | ||||||||
| OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) | ||||||||
| Bloomington Holdco, LLC (BW Fusion) | ||||||||
| BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) | ||||||||
| BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) | ||||||||
| Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. | ||||||||
| CCFF Buyer, LLC (California Custom Fruits & Flavors, LLC) | ||||||||
| CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC | ||||||||
| City Line Distributors, LLC | ||||||||
| DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) | ||||||||
| Diverzify Intermediate, LLC | ||||||||
| EIS Legacy, LLC | ||||||||
| Energy Acquisition LP (Electrical Components International, Inc. - ECI) | ||||||||
| Envirotech Services, LLC | ||||||||
| Fastener Distribution Holdings, LLC | ||||||||
| FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) | ||||||||
| Guardian Dentistry Partners | ||||||||
| Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) | ||||||||
| Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC | ||||||||
| IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) | ||||||||
| Improving Acquisition LLC | ||||||||
| Krayden Holdings, Inc. | ||||||||
| Superior Intermediate LLC (Landmark Structures) | ||||||||
| Light Wave Dental Management LLC | ||||||||
| LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) | ||||||||
| MacNeill Pride Group | ||||||||
| ML Buyer, LLC (Mama Lycha Foods, LLC) | ||||||||
| NMA Holdings, LLC (Neuromonitoring Associates) | ||||||||
| Phoenix YW Buyer, Inc. (Elida Beauty) | ||||||||
| Pixel Intermediate, LLC | ||||||||
| Redwood MSO, LLC | ||||||||
| Refocus Management Services, LLC | ||||||||
| The Robinette Company | ||||||||
| Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC | ||||||||
| SGA Dental Partners Holdings, LLC | ||||||||
| Siegel Egg Co., LLC | ||||||||
| Speedstar Holding LLC | ||||||||
| Tapco Buyer LLC | ||||||||
| US Anchors Group, Inc. (Mechanical Plastics Corp.) | ||||||||
| Vehicle Accessories, Inc. | ||||||||
| Workholding US Holdings, LLC (Forkardt Hardinge) | ||||||||
| Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC | ||||||||
| Total unfunded commitments | $ | $ | ||||||
F-39
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
From time to time, the Company may become a party to certain legal proceedings incidental to the normal course of its business. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, management was not aware of any material pending or threatened litigation that would require accounting recognition or financial statement disclosure.
Note 9. Earnings Per Share
In accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”), basic earnings per share is computed by dividing earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Other potentially dilutive common shares, and the related impact to earnings, are considered when calculating earnings per share on a diluted basis. As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, there were no dilutive shares.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
| For the years ended | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic and diluted | ||||||||||||
| Earnings (loss) per share of common stock - basic and diluted | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Note 10. Income Taxes
The
Company has elected to be treated as a RIC under the Code beginning with the taxable year end December 31, 2021. As a RIC, the Company
is not subject to a federal excise tax based on distributive requirements of its taxable income on a calendar year basis. Depending on
the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, the Company may choose to carry forward taxable income in excess of current year distributions
into the next tax year and pay a
The Company makes certain adjustments to the classification of net assets as a result of permanent book-to-tax differences, which include differences in the book and tax basis of certain assets and liabilities, and nondeductible federal taxes or losses among other items. To the extent these differences are permanent, they are charged or credited to additional paid in capital, or total distributable earnings (losses), as appropriate.
The permanent differences for tax purposes from distributable earnings to additional paid in capital were reclassified for tax purposes for the tax years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
These reclassifications have no impact on net assets.
| For the years ended | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in distributable earnings | $ | $ | | $ | ||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in additional paid-in capital | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||||
Taxable income generally differs from the net increase in net assets resulting from operations for financial reporting purposes due to (1) unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments, as gains and losses are generally not included in taxable income until these are realized; (2) income or loss recognition on exited investments; (3) non-deductible U.S. federal excise taxes; and (4) other non-deductible expense.
The following reconciles net increase in net assets resulting from operations to taxable income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:
| For the years ended | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Net change in unrealized losses (gains) from investments | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Non-deductible expenses, including excise taxes, offering costs disallowed | ||||||||||||
| Other book tax differences | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Taxable income before deductions for distributions | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
F-40
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
For income tax purposes, distributions made to stockholders are reported as ordinary income, capital gains, non-taxable return of capital, or a combination thereof.
For
the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company incurred $
The
final determination of tax character will not be made until the Company files its tax return for each tax year and the tax characteristics
of all distributions will be reported to stockholders on Form 1099 after the end of each calendar year.
| For the years ended | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Ordinary income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Capital gains | ||||||||||||
| Return of capital | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the components of accumulated earnings on a tax basis were as follows:
| For the years ended | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Undistributed net investment income (loss) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Undistributed capital gains | ||||||||||||
| Capital loss carryforward | ||||||||||||
| Other accumulated gain (loss) | ||||||||||||
| Other temporary book / tax differences | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||
| Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Capital losses can be carried forward indefinitely to offset future capital gains. As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no capital loss carryforwards.
As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s aggregate unrealized appreciation and depreciation on investments based on cost for U.S. federal income tax purposes was as follows:
| For the years ended | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Tax cost | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Gross unrealized appreciation | ||||||||||||
| Gross unrealized depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on investments | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
KDL Corp, LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary that was formed in December 2021. This is a Delaware LLC that has elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. tax purposes. As such, KDL Corp, LLC is subject to U.S. Federal, state and local taxes. For the Company’s tax years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, KDL Corp, LLC did not have activity resulting in any provision for income taxes.
FASB ASC Topic 740, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) provides guidance for how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented, and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements. ASC 740 requires the evaluation of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Company’s tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. The Company recognizes the tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is “more likely than not” to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, management has analyzed the Company’s tax positions, and has concluded that no liability for unrecognized tax benefits should be recorded related to uncertain tax positions taken in the Company’s current year tax return. The Company is not aware of any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will change materially in the next 12 months. Management’s determinations regarding ASC 740 may be subject to review and adjustment at a later date based upon factors including, but not limited to, an ongoing analysis of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof.
F-41
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
Note 11. Financial Highlights
The
following per share of common stock data has been derived from information provided in the audited financial statements.
| For the years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| (amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Per Common Share Operating Performance (1) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period(2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Results of Operations: | ||||||||||||||||
| Net Investment Income (loss) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on investments(3) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividends to Common Stockholders | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividends from Net Investment Income | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net Decrease in Net Assets Resulting from Dividends | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net Asset Value, End of Period | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Shares Outstanding, End of Period | ||||||||||||||||
| Ratio/Supplemental Data | ||||||||||||||||
| Net assets, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Return(4) | % | % | % | ( | %) | |||||||||||
| Portfolio turnover | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||
| Ratio of operating expenses to average net assets(5) | % | % | % | |||||||||||||
| Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets(5) | % | % | % | |||||||||||||
| (1) | |
| (2) |
| (3) |
F-42
Kayne
DL 2021, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(amounts in 000’s, except share and per share amounts)
| (4) |
| (5) |
Note 12. Segment Reporting
The Company operates through a single operating and reporting segment with an investment objective to generate both current income and capital appreciation through debt and equity investments. The CODM is comprised of the Company’s co-chief executive officers and these CODMs assess the performance and make operating decisions of the Company on a consolidated basis primarily based on the Company’s net increase in stockholders’ equity resulting from operations (“net income”). In addition to numerous other factors and metrics, the CODMs utilize net income as a key metric in determining the amount of dividends to be distributed to the Company’s stockholders. As the Company’s operations comprise of a single reporting segment, the segment assets are reflected on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as “total assets” and the significant segment expenses are listed on the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.
Note 13. Subsequent Events
The Company’s management has evaluated subsequent events through the date of issuance of the financial statements included herein. There have been no subsequent events that require recognition or disclosure in these financial statements except as described below.
On
January 15, 2025, the Company paid a dividend of $
On
February 13, 2025, the Company sold
On February 19, 2025, the Board of Directors of
the Company declared a dividend to common stockholders in the amount of $
On February 21, 2025, the Company renewed Subscription
Credit Facility for a one-year term maturing on
F-43
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
There are not and have not been any disagreements between us and our accountant on any matter of accounting principles, practices or financial statement disclosure.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level.
Report of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
This annual report does not include an annual report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or attestation report of our registered public accounting firm due to a transition period established by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission for newly public companies.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
Not Applicable.
66
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this item will be contained in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Stockholder Meeting, to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2024 and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item will be contained in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Stockholder Meeting, to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2024 and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this item will be contained in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Stockholder Meeting, to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2024 and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this item will be contained in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Stockholder Meeting, to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2024 and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this item will be contained in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Stockholder Meeting, to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2024 and is incorporated herein by reference.
67
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THIS REPORT
The following is a list of our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under Item 8 of Part II hereof:
1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
68
(b) EXHIBITS
| (1) | Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to Form 10, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 11, 2021. |
| (2) | Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 3, 2022. |
| (3) | Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2022. |
| (4) | Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 13, 2023. |
| (5) | Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2024. |
| (6) | Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 24, 2025. |
| * | Filed herewith |
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.
69
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| Kayne DL 2021, Inc. | ||
| Date: March 3, 2025 | ||
| /s/ Douglas L. Goodwillie | ||
| Name: | Douglas L. Goodwillie | |
| Title: | Co-Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Co-Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: March 3, 2025 | ||
| /s/ Kenneth B. Leonard | ||
| Name: | Kenneth B. Leonard | |
| Title: | Co-Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Co-Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: March 3, 2025 | ||
| /s/ Terry A. Hart | ||
| Name: | Terry A. Hart | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | |
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | ||
70
Exhibit 14.1
KAYNE DL 2021, INC
CODE OF ETHICS
Introduction
Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (“KDL”) is regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and subject to Rule 17j-1 under the Act (“Rule 17j-1”). Rule 17j-1 requires that KDL adopt a written code of ethics that specifically addresses trading practices by Access Persons (defined below). Rule 17j-1 makes it unlawful for any Access Person of KDL or its investment adviser, KA Credit Advisors II, LLC (the “Adviser”) to:
| ● | Employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud KDL; |
| ● | Make any untrue statement of material fact to KDL or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statement made to KDL, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading; |
| ● | Engage in an act, practice, or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on KDL; or |
| ● | Engage in any manipulative practice with respect to KDL. |
Furthermore, the following three general fiduciary principles are understood to govern the activities of KDL advisory personnel:
| ● | such personnel have a duty at all times to place the interests of KDL shareholders first; |
| ● | all personal securities transactions by such personnel must be conducted consistent with the Code of Ethics and in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of an individual’s position of trust and responsibility; and |
| ● | such personnel should not take inappropriate advantage of their positions. |
In accordance with Rule 17j-1, the Company has adopted this Code of Ethics containing provisions it deems reasonably necessary to prevent those of its Access Persons from engaging in any such prohibited acts.
In addition, the Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”). Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act requires a registered investment adviser to establish, maintain and enforce a code of ethics that includes certain specified provisions. The Adviser has adopted a separate code of ethics designed to meet the requirements of Rule 204A-1 and Rule 17j-1.
| 1. | Definitions |
| (a) | “Access Person” means any officer or director of KDL and any of its employees, who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of a security by KDL, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales; and any natural person in a control relationship to KDL who obtains information with respect to KDL with regard to the purchase or sale of a security. |
| (b) | “Security” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(36) of the 1940 Act except securities issued by the Government of the United States or by federal agencies and which are direct obligations of the United States, bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, money market funds and shares of registered open-end investment companies. |
| (c) | A “Security held or to be acquired” means a Security which, within the most recent 15 days (i) is or has been held by KDL; or (ii) is being or has been considered by KDL for purchase, and includes the writing of an option to purchase or sell a Security. A Security is “being considered for the current purchase or sale” when a decision (or recommendation) to purchase or sell a Security has been made and communicated, and, with respect to a person making a decision (or recommendation), when such person believes such decision or recommendation is imminent. |
| (d) | “Covered Family Member” means any member of an employee’s immediate family or partner sharing the same household. Immediate family means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law or sister-in-law. Adoptive relationships are included. |
| (e) | “Beneficial Ownership” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder. This means that an Access Person should generally consider himself/herself to have Beneficial Ownership of any Security in which he/she has a direct or indirect pecuniary interest, which includes Securities held by any Covered Family Member. In addition, an Access Person should consider himself/herself to have Beneficial Ownership of any Security held by other persons where, by reason of any contract, arrangement, understanding or relationship, such Access Person has sole or shared voting or investment power. |
| (f) | “Investment Personnel” means any person who is involved in the investment decisions for KDL and who may have significant opportunities to influence investment decisions for KDL to his or her benefit. |
| (g) | “Limited Offering” means an offering that is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to section 4(a)(2) or section 4(a)(5) or pursuant to rule 504, or rule 506 under the Securities Act of 1933. |
| 2. | Pre-Clearance Policy |
Except as expressly permitted by this Code of Ethics, Access Persons (other than disinterested directors) must have written pre-clearance from the Compliance department for any personal securities transaction. The Chief Compliance Officer reserves the right to disapprove any proposed transaction that may have the appearance of improper conduct, and may decline to pre-approve a proposed transaction by an Access Person for any reason.
All requests for approval to engage in personal securities transactions must be submitted to the Compliance department. Pre-clearance approval for a transaction is only valid until the end of market hours on the day the transaction is approved except (i) with respect to transactions that are private offerings or (ii) in cases where the Compliance department specifies otherwise.
If the Chief Compliance Officer is the person whose transaction requires approval, he or she must obtain such approval from the Adviser’s General Counsel (or his or her designee).
2
| 3. | Prohibitions |
No Access Person:
| (a) | Shall purchase or sell, directly or indirectly, any Security in which he or she has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership and which to his/her actual knowledge at the time of such purchase or sale: |
| (i) | is being considered for purchase or sale by KDL; or |
| (ii) | is then being purchased or sold by KDL. |
Under this Code of Ethics, all KDL employees are required to:
| (i) | avoid purchasing Securities offered and sold as part of an initial public offering (“IPO”) until after the public offering and then only at the prevailing market price, and obtain pre-approval from the Compliance department before directly or indirectly acquiring beneficial ownership in any securities in a Limited Offering; |
| (ii) | avoid purchases or sales of Securities that are being considered for current purchase or sale by KDL; |
| (iii) | avoid purchases or sales of Securities that have been purchased or sold by KDL until after any such transaction or series of transactions has been completed (subject to settlement); and |
| (iv) | pre-clear purchases or sales of Securities for accounts in which the employee has a Beneficial Ownership interest with Compliance prior to executing such transactions. |
| 4. | Exempted Transactions |
Pre-Clearance under Section 2 of this Code of Ethics shall not apply to:
| (a) | Purchases or sales effected in any account over which the Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control (e.g. transaction in an account managed by an unaffiliated money manager where the Access Person has no investment influence or discretion); |
| (b) | Purchases or sales effected pursuant to a program (such as a dividend reinvestment plan) in which periodic purchases (or sales) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation; |
| (c) | Purchases effected upon the exercise of rights issued by an issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of its Securities, to the extent such rights were acquired from such issuer, and sales of such rights so acquired. |
| (d) | Purchases or sales which are non-volitional on the part of either the Access Person or Covered Family Member (e.g. stock splits, reverse stock splits, mergers, spin-offs, and other similar corporate reorganizations); |
| (e) | Charitable donations or other gifts of Securities (other than shares of KDL); |
| (f) | Purchases or sales of futures and options on commodities, currencies or a securities index; |
3
| (g) | Other non-volitional events, such as exercise of an option at expiration (as opposed to an option exercise at any time prior to expiration, which option exercise does require pre-clearance); or |
| (h) | Purchases or sales of sovereign debt securities. |
| 5. | Minimum Hold Period |
No Access person may sell a Security within 90 days of purchasing that Security, or “buy to cover” a Security within 90 days of selling short such Security, unless pre-clearance of the transaction is not required under this Code of Ethics or the minimum holding period is waived by the Compliance department.
| 6. | Procedural Matters |
| (a) | The Chief Compliance Officer of KDL shall: |
| (i) | Make available to each Access Person a copy of this Code of Ethics. |
| (ii) | Notify each such Access Person of his or her obligation to file reports as provided by Section 7 of this Code of Ethics. |
| (iii) | Report to the Board of Directors the facts contained in any reports filed with the Chief Compliance Officer pursuant to Section 7 of this Code of Ethics when any such report indicates that an Access Person engaged in a transaction in a Security held or to be acquired by KDL. Additionally, an annual written report will be provided to the Board of Directors, describing any material issues that arose during the previous year under this Code of Ethics. |
| (iv) | Maintain the records required by paragraph (d) of Rule 17j-1. |
| (b) | On an annual basis, the Board of Directors will certify that the Company has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating this Code of Ethics. |
| 7. | Reporting |
| (a) | Every Access Person shall report the information described in Section 7(c) of this Code of Ethics with respect to transactions in any Security in which such Access Person has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the Security; provided, however, that an Access Person shall not be required to make a report with respect to transactions effected for any account over which such person does not have any direct or indirect influence. An Access Person of the Adviser need not make a separate report hereunder to the extent the information in the report would duplicate information required to be reported under the Adviser’s code of ethics. |
| (b) | An independent Director, i.e., a Director of KDL who is not an “interested person” (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) of KDL, is not required to file a report on a transaction in a Security provided such Director neither knew nor, in the ordinary course of fulfilling his or her official duties as a Director of KDL, should have known that, during the 15-day period immediately preceding or after the date of the transaction by the Director, such Security is or was purchased or sold by KDL or is or was being considered for purchase by the Adviser. |
| (c) | An initial report shall be made within 10 days from the date in which a person was deemed an Access Person and annually thereafter (the information in which must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date the person becomes an Access Person or the annual report is submitted, respectively) and shall contain the following information: |
| (i) | A list of Securities, including the title, number of shares, or principal amount (if fixed income securities) of each Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership when the person became an Access Person; |
4
| (ii) | the name of the broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintained an account in which any Securities were held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person as of the date the person became an Access Person; and |
| (iii) | The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person. |
| (d) | Thereafter, every report shall be made not later than 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter in which the transactions to which the report relates was effected, and shall contain the following information: |
| (i) | the date of each transaction, the name of the Security purchased and/or sold, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and/or the principal amount of each Security involved; |
| (ii) | the nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition); |
| (iii) | the price at which the transaction was effected; |
| (iv) | the name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected; |
| (v) | In addition to the Securities transaction data, the report will contain representations that the employee (i) during the period, has not purchased or sold any Securities not listed on the report; (ii) has not opened a securities brokerage account during the period which has not been reported to KA Credit II; and (iii) agrees to notify KA Credit II if he/she opens a personal securities account which has not otherwise been disclosed to KA Credit II; and |
| (vi) | The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person. |
| (e) | Any such report may contain a statement that the report shall not be construed as an admission by the person making such report that he has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the Security to which the report relates. |
| (f) | Each Access Person shall re-certify his or her familiarity with this Code of Ethics and report all Security holdings and other items set forth in subsection (c) above annually. Access Persons are required to complete and sign the annual certification and security report within 30 days of the end of the calendar year. |
| (g) | The Chief Compliance Officer, or his or her designee, will review the reports submitted, and account statements and account information provided, under this Code of Ethics to determine whether any transaction disclosed therein constitutes a violation of this Code of Ethics. Before making any determination that a violation has been committed by an Access Person, the Chief Compliance Officer shall afford the Access Person an opportunity to supply additional explanatory material. |
| 8. | Board Oversight |
The Board of Directors must initially approve the Code of Ethics for KDL, and the Board of Directors must approve any material changes to the Code of Ethics within six (6) months of such change. The Chief Compliance Officer or his or her designee shall provide to the Board of Directors a written report outlining any material issues that arose during the previous year and annually certify that KDL has adopted procedures in compliance with this Code of Ethics.
| 9. | Implementation |
In order to implement this Code of Ethics, the Chief Compliance Officer and back-ups have been designated for the Company.
The Chief Compliance Officer or his delegate shall create a list of all Access Persons and update the list with reasonable frequency. The Compliance Officer or his delegate shall circulate a copy of this Code of Ethics (in hard copy or electronically) to each Access Person at least once each year.
| 10. | Violations |
Upon determination that a violation of this Code of Ethics has occurred, KDL may impose such sanctions as it deems appropriate, including, among other things, a memorandum of warning, a ban on personal trading or a suspension or termination of the employment of the violator. Violations of this Code of Ethics and any sanctions imposed with respect thereto shall be reported in a timely manner to the Board of Directors of KDL.
5
Exhibit 31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
I, Douglas L. Goodwillie, Co-Chief Executive Officer of Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (the “Company”), certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: |
| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| (b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| Date: March 3, 2025 | By: |
/s/ Douglas L. Goodwillie |
| Douglas L. Goodwillie | ||
|
Co-Chief Executive Officer (Co-Principal Executive Officer) |
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
I, Kenneth B. Leonard, Co-Chief Executive Officer of Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (the “Company”), certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: |
| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| (b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| Date: March 3, 2025 | By: |
/s/ Kenneth B. Leonard |
| Kenneth B. Leonard | ||
|
Co-Chief Executive Officer (Co-Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
I, Terry A. Hart, Chief Financial Officer of Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (the “Company”), certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company; |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
| 4. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: |
| (a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
| (b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
| (c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
| (d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
| 5. | The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
| (a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
| (b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| Date: March 3, 2025 | By: |
/s/ Terry A. Hart |
| Terry A. Hart | ||
| Chief Financial Officer | ||
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Exhibit 32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350)
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Douglas L. Goodwillie, as Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to such officer’s knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
| /s/ Douglas L. Goodwillie | ||
| Name: | Douglas L. Goodwillie | |
| Title: | Co-Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Co-Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: | March 3, 2025 | |
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350)
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Kenneth B. Leonard, as Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to such officer’s knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
| /s/ Kenneth B. Leonard | ||
| Name: | Kenneth B. Leonard | |
| Title: | Co-Chief Executive Officer | |
| (Co-Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| Date: | March 3, 2025 | |
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.
Exhibit 32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350)
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Terry A. Hart, as Chief Financial Officer of the Company certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to such officer’s knowledge:
| (1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
| (2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
| /s/ Terry A. Hart | ||
| Name: | Terry A. Hart | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | ||
| Date: | March 3, 2025 | |
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.
Audit Information |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 | |
| Auditor [Table] | |
| Auditor Name | PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
| Auditor Firm ID | 238 |
| Auditor Location | Los Angeles, California |
| Auditor Opinion [Text Block] | Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of assets and liabilities, including the consolidated schedules of investments, of Kayne DL 2021, Inc. and its subsidiary (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of changes in net assets and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations, changes in its net assets and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. |
Consolidated Statement of Assets and Liabilities (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Statement of Financial Position [Abstract] | ||
| Long-term investments (amortized cost) (in Dollars) | $ 257,420 | $ 174,235 |
| Short-term investments (amortized cost) (in Dollars) | $ 13,440 | $ 4,715 |
| Common shares, par value (in Dollars per share) | $ 0.001 | $ 0.001 |
| Common shares, shares authorized | 100,000 | 100,000 |
| Common shares, shares issued | 51,812 | 35,293 |
| Common shares, shares outstanding | 51,812 | 35,293 |
Consolidated Statement of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|||
| Investment income from investments: | |||||
| Interest income | $ 28,189 | $ 17,404 | $ 4,338 | ||
| Dividend income | 501 | 342 | |||
| Total Investment Income | 28,690 | 17,746 | 4,338 | ||
| Expenses: | |||||
| Interest expense | 173 | 214 | 215 | ||
| Management fees | 1,673 | 1,051 | 337 | ||
| Professional fees | 350 | 359 | 389 | ||
| Directors fees | 159 | 147 | 115 | ||
| Offering costs | 137 | ||||
| Excise tax | 14 | ||||
| Other general and administrative expenses | 428 | 368 | 307 | ||
| Total Expenses | 2,783 | 2,153 | 1,500 | ||
| Net Investment Income (Loss) | 25,907 | 15,593 | 2,838 | ||
| Net realized gains (losses): | |||||
| Investments | 1 | ||||
| Total net realized gains (losses) | 1 | ||||
| Net change in unrealized gains (losses): | |||||
| Investments | 1,123 | 1,061 | 1,968 | ||
| Total net change in unrealized gains (losses) | 1,123 | 1,061 | 1,968 | ||
| Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) | 1,123 | 1,061 | 1,969 | ||
| Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | $ 27,030 | $ 16,654 | $ 4,807 | ||
| Per Common Share Data: | |||||
| Basic net investment income per common share (in Dollars per share) | [1] | $ 583 | $ 561 | $ 257 | |
| Basic net increase in net assets resulting from operations (in Dollars per share) | 609 | 600 | 435 | ||
| Diluted net increase in net assets resulting from operations (in Dollars per share) (in Dollars per share) | $ 609 | $ 600 | $ 435 | ||
| Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic (in Shares) | 44,402 | 27,779 | 11,046 | ||
| Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted (in Shares) (in Shares) | 44,402 | 27,779 | 11,046 | ||
| |||||
Consolidated Statement of Operations (Parentheticals) - $ / shares |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Income Statement [Abstract] | |||
| Diluted net investment income per common share (in Dollars per share) | $ 583 | $ 561 | $ 257 |
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Net Assets - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations: | |||
| Net investment income (loss) | $ 25,907 | $ 15,593 | $ 2,838 |
| Net realized gains (losses) on investments | 1 | ||
| Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments | 1,123 | 1,061 | 1,968 |
| Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | 27,030 | 16,654 | 4,807 |
| Decrease in Net Assets Resulting from Stockholder Dividends | |||
| Dividends to stockholders | (26,236) | (15,329) | (2,901) |
| Net Decrease in Net Assets Resulting from Stockholder Dividends | (26,236) | (15,329) | (2,901) |
| Increase in Net Assets Resulting from Capital Share Transactions | |||
| Issuance of common shares | 75,000 | 65,000 | 60,000 |
| Reinvestment of dividends | 12,128 | 12,318 | 1,123 |
| Net Increase in Net Assets Resulting from Capital Share Transactions | 87,128 | 77,318 | 61,123 |
| Total Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets | 87,922 | 78,643 | 63,029 |
| Net Assets, Beginning of Period | 184,551 | 105,908 | 42,879 |
| Net Assets, End of Period | $ 272,473 | $ 184,551 | $ 105,908 |
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | |||
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | $ 27,030 | $ 16,654 | $ 4,807 |
| Adjustments to reconcile net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations to net cash used in operating activities: | |||
| Net realized (gains)/losses on investments | (1) | ||
| Net change in unrealized (gains)/losses on investments | (1,123) | (1,061) | (1,968) |
| Net accretion of discount on investments | (1,667) | (1,073) | (216) |
| Sales (purchases) of short-term investments, net | (8,725) | (4,715) | 31,239 |
| Purchases of portfolio investments | (121,494) | (88,027) | (95,709) |
| Proceeds from sales of investments and principal repayments | 40,135 | 19,947 | 2,343 |
| Paid-in-kind interest from portfolio investments | (158) | ||
| Amortization of deferred financing cost | 77 | 85 | 90 |
| Increase/(decrease) in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
| (Increase)/decrease in interest and dividends receivable | (507) | (591) | (960) |
| (Increase)/decrease in deferred offering costs | 137 | ||
| (Increase)/decrease in receivable for principal payments on investments | (58) | 9 | (22) |
| (Increase)/decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets | (14) | 11 | |
| Increase/(decrease) in payable for investments purchased | (137) | 137 | |
| Increase/(decrease) in management fees payable | 175 | 150 | 154 |
| Increase/(decrease) in excise tax payable | (14) | 14 | |
| Increase/(decrease) in accrued organizational and offering costs, net | (471) | ||
| Increase/(decrease) in accrued other general and administrative expenses | (16) | (138) | 263 |
| Net cash used in operating activities | (66,345) | (58,897) | (60,166) |
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | |||
| Borrowings/(payments) on subscription credit facility, net | (750) | 750 | |
| Payments of debt issuance costs | (78) | (61) | (125) |
| Dividends paid in cash | (11,565) | (120) | (10) |
| Proceeds from issuance of common shares | 75,000 | 65,000 | 60,000 |
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 63,357 | 64,069 | 60,615 |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (2,988) | 5,172 | 449 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 5,887 | 715 | 266 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 2,899 | 5,887 | 715 |
| Supplemental and Non-Cash Information: | |||
| Interest paid during the period | 96 | 128 | 111 |
| Non-cash financing activities not included herein consisted of reinvestment of dividends | $ 12,128 | $ 12,318 | $ 1,123 |
Consolidated Schedule of Investments (Unaudited) - Debt Investments [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Professional services [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 10,681 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 10,450 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 10,681 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 3.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 15,584 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 15,308 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 15,640 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 5.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 10,793 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | 10,533 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 10,834 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 5.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Dec. 05, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 9.94% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 4,509 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Dec. 05, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | $ 4,420 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 9.94% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 4,573 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 1.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Precinmac (US) Holdings, Inc [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,793 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 04, 2031 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,755 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.31% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 4.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,793 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5],[9] | $ 4,555 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5],[9] | Dec. 05, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6],[9] | $ 4,449 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5],[9] | 11.51% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5],[9] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5],[9] | $ 4,600 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5],[9] | 2.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Vitesse Systems Parent, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 5,957 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Dec. 22, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | $ 5,808 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 12.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 5,957 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 3.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Precinmac (US) Holdings, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 281 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Aug. 31, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | $ 276 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 11.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 277 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 603 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Dec. 05, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | $ 593 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 9.94% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 612 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Jul. 08, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 9.94% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Vitesse Systems Parent, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,897 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 22, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 5,774 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,882 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Vitesse Systems Parent, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 782 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 22, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 766 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.56% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 780 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Dec. 05, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 11.51% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 10,037 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 9,889 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 10,119 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 3.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 2,673 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | 2,630 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 2,667 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 1.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Speedstar Holding LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,020 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,008 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.59% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Vehicle Accessories, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,827 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,788 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,827 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | WAM CR Acquisition, Inc. (Wolverine) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,079 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 23, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,983 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.58% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,155 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Speedstar Holding LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 790 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Jan. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | $ 771 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 12.78% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 7.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 786 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Vehicle Accessories, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 1,697 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Nov. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | $ 1,678 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 10.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 1,697 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Speedstar Holding LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 111 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 110 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.59% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 112 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Speedstar Holding LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 186 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Jan. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | $ 181 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 12.78% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 7.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 184 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Automobile components [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Vehicle Accessories, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,364 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 4,248 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,409 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 4,068 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | 3,919 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 4,150 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 2.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Alcami Corporation (Alcami) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 21, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,924 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.66% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,068 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Alcami Corporation (Alcami) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 4,068 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Dec. 21, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | $ 3,919 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 12.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 4,150 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 2.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Alcami Corporation (Alcami) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Jun. 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 12.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Alcami Corporation (Alcami) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 41 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 21, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 28 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.44% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 42 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Alcami Corporation (Alcami) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Dec. 21, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 12.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biotechnology [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Alcami Corporation (Alcami) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 296 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 21, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 296 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.55% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 299 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,360 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 5,236 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,360 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 1,619 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | 1,557 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 1,619 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 19, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | US Anchors Group, Inc. (Mechanical Plastics Corp.) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 15, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.33% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,603 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 17, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,561 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.86% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,603 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | US Anchors Group, Inc. (Mechanical Plastics Corp.) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,897 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 15, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,834 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.33% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,897 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 1,619 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Nov. 19, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | $ 1,557 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 11.08% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 1,619 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Nov. 17, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 11.08% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Nov. 19, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 11.08% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 860 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 19, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 841 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 860 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 19, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Building Products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4],[5] | Nov. 17, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[5],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 11.08% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4],[5] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 34,327 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 33,707 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 34,254 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 12.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 12,686 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | 12,469 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 12,661 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 6.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Allentown, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 109 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Apr. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 106 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 12.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | PRIME | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 105 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | American Equipment Holdings LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 296 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 05, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 273 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 296 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Advanced Environmental Monitoring, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 29, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,974 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.41% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Allentown, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,253 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Apr. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,221 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.66% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,174 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | American Equipment Holdings LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 157 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 05, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 157 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.45% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 157 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Bloomington Holdco, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,948 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 01, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,871 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.05% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,948 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,909 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 22, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,827 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,946 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Connect America.com, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,901 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Oct. 11, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,830 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,901 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Diverzify Intermediate, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,550 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 11, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,515 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.53% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,531 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Superior Intermediate LLC (Landmark Structures) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,439 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,346 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.35% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,439 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Tapco Buyer LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,074 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 15, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,043 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.52% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,074 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Allentown, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,254 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Apr. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,238 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,254 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,933 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 22, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,835 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 4,933 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | American Equipment Holdings LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 599 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 05, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 590 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 599 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Bloomington Holdco, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 671 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 01, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 635 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.05% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 671 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 231 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 22, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 226 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 232 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Allentown, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 407 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Apr. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 400 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.66% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 393 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | American Equipment Holdings LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,920 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 05, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,872 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,920 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 601 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 22, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 590 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 605 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Diverzify Intermediate, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Apr. 04, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.53% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Superior Intermediate LLC (Landmark Structures) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.35% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Tapco Buyer LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 119 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 15, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 100 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 119 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | American Equipment Holdings LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,970 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 05, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,894 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.74% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 4,945 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 22, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 143 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 22, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 131 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 144 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Superior Intermediate LLC (Landmark Structures) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.35% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Tapco Buyer LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 15, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Allentown, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 70 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Apr. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 69 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 13.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 70 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 52 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 22, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 31 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 52 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Allentown, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 407 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Apr. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 402 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 407 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 18,792 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 18,468 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 18,798 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 6.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 15,945 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | 15,616 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 15,964 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 8.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. (Century Box) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Oct. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.84% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(S) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Drew Foam Companies, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,831 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 05, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,806 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.78% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,831 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,012 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 18, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,994 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.13% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(S) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,012 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Innopak Industries, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,507 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Mar. 05, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,467 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,507 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | The Robinette Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,186 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 10, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,147 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.52% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,230 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. (Century Box) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 5,445 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Oct. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 5,292 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.39% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 5,444 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 3.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Drew Foam Companies, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,861 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 05, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,834 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,840 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Innopak Industries, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 5,627 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Mar. 05, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 5,505 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 5,627 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 3.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,012 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 18, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,985 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,053 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 286 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 18, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 278 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 292 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. (Century Box) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Oct. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.39% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. (Century Box) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,390 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Oct. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 5,264 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.84% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,336 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Innopak Industries, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,064 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Mar. 05, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,015 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,064 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 18, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.13% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(S) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | The Robinette Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 516 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 10, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 497 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.52% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 526 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Containers & packaging [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 18, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 32,215 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 31,588 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 32,233 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 11.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 16,965 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 16,577 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 16,921 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 9.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Brightview, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,145 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 14, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,140 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,124 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Guardian Dentistry Partners, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 786 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 20, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 775 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 786 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Light Wave Dental Management LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 6,083 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jun. 30, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 5,925 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.82% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 6,083 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | MVP VIP Borrower, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,014 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 03, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,930 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,054 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | NMA Super Holdings, LLC (BW Fusion) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,172 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 18, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,099 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,172 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Redwood MSO, LLC (Smile Partners) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,403 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 20, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,348 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,403 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Refocus Management Services, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,566 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Feb. 14, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,471 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,566 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Brightview, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,167 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 14, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,165 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,130 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Light Wave Dental Management LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 6,145 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jun. 30, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 5,983 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.35% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 6,145 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 3.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Guardian Dentistry Partners [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,002 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Aug. 20, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 988 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.97% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,002 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | SGA Dental Partners Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,419 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,402 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.67% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,419 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Light Wave Dental Management LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 62 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jun. 30, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 60 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.82% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 62 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | SGA Dental Partners Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 457 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 447 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.61% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 457 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | The Robinette Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 10, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.52% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Brightview, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 287 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 14, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 285 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 284 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Guardian Dentistry Partners, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,415 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 20, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,399 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,415 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | MVP VIP Borrower, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 324 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 03, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 317 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 327 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | NMA Super Holdings, LLC (BW Fusion) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 18, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Redwood MSO, LLC (Smile Partners) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 20, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Refocus Management Services, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 494 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Feb. 14, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 465 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 494 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Brightview, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 289 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 14, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 289 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 284 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,484 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 29, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,388 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,484 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Guardian Dentistry Partners [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,951 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Aug. 20, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,930 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.97% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,951 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | SGA Dental Partners Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,323 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,282 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.67% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,323 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Brightview, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 130 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 14, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 130 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 129 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Guardian Dentistry Partners, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 20, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Light Wave Dental Management LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jun. 30, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.82% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | NMA Super Holdings, LLC (BW Fusion) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 18, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Redwood MSO, LLC (Smile Partners) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 20, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 4.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | PRIME | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Brightview, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 130 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 14, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 130 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 128 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Light Wave Dental Management LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 598 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jun. 30, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 573 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.35% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 598 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | SGA Dental Partners Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.67% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,818 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 24, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,753 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,818 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Salt Dental Collective, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 995 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Feb. 15, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 986 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.21% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 995 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 954 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 24, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 954 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 954 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | SGA Dental Partners Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Apr. 19, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.67% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care providers & services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan Two [Member] | Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,567 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 24, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,551 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.72% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,567 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Diversified telecommunication services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Network Connex (f/k/a NTI Connect, LLC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,750 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jan. 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,677 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 10.95% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 3,750 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Diversified telecommunication services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Network Connex (f/k/a NTI Connect, LLC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,564 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,528 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.48% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,564 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 32,348 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 31,714 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 31,897 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 11.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 23,492 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 22,932 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 23,226 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 12.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | CCFF Buyer, LLC (California Custom Fruits & Flavors, LLC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Feb. 26, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.77% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 360 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 353 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 352 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | ML Buyer, LLC (Mama Lycha Foods, LLC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 09, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.68% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | CCFF Buyer, LLC (California Custom Fruits & Flavors, LLC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,630 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Feb. 26, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,572 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.77% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,630 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,853 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 23, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,787 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.05% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,853 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | J&K Ingredients, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,896 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 16, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,837 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,925 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Siegel Egg Co., LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,329 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 29, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,312 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 13.19% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 2.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,003 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,831 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,769 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(S) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,774 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,724 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 4,631 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,724 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | City Line Distributors, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,874 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Aug. 31, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,807 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,874 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,730 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Sep. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,702 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,721 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,892 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Oct. 03, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 3,811 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.07% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,843 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | J&K Ingredients, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,926 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 16, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,854 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,926 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Siegel Egg Co., LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,459 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 29, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,430 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.99% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,323 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,860 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,785 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,831 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 721 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 706 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.99% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 721 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 97 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 23, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 95 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.43% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 97 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 98 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Oct. 03, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 96 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.48% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 97 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 734 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 714 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.99% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 734 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | CCFF Buyer, LLC (California Custom Fruits & Flavors, LLC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,500 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Feb. 26, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,442 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.77% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,500 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | City Line Distributors, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 760 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 31, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 748 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.51% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 768 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 144 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 144 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.55% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 142 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 572 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 23, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 563 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.05% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 572 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 555 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 543 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(S) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 544 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 482 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 461 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 482 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | City Line Distributors, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Mar. 03, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 146 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Sep. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 139 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.38% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 145 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 578 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Oct. 03, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 567 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.07% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 571 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 631 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 588 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 625 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,688 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,620 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.99% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,688 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | City Line Distributors, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,855 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 31, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,819 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,874 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,712 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,691 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,678 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | ML Buyer, LLC (Mama Lycha Foods, LLC) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,545 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 09, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,481 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.68% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,545 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | City Line Distributors, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 31, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.51% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 341 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 23, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 333 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.05% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 341 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Siegel Egg Co., LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 418 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 29, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 415 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 13.19% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 2.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 359 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(S) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | City Line Distributors, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Aug. 31, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.47% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 231 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Sep. 30, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 222 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.28% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 230 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 251 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Oct. 03, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 244 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 10.91% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 248 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Siegel Egg Co., LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 412 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 29, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 408 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.99% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 390 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 198 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 187 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 196 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 227 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 227 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.99% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 227 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 461 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 429 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(S) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 452 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Apr. 18, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Food products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan two [Member] | IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 119 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 23, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 114 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.05% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.63% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 118 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,488 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 2,427 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,488 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,513 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 2,471 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,513 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Allcat Claims Service, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 07, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Allcat Claims Service, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 655 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 07, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 635 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 655 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Allcat Claims Service, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 661 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 07, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 647 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.53% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 661 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Allcat Claims Service, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,852 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 07, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,824 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.53% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,852 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Allcat Claims Service, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Feb. 14, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Allcat Claims Service, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 07, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.53% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Allcat Claims Service, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,833 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 07, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,792 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.46% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,833 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,636 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 1,597 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,599 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,674 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 1,621 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,657 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 03, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.78% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,636 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 03, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,597 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.78% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,599 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,674 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 03, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,621 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.15% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,657 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 03, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.78% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 03, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.15% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 03, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.15% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT services [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,879 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 4,809 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,879 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT services [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 9,543 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 9,390 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 9,496 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 5.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Improving Acquisition LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,879 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 26, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,809 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,879 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Improving Acquisition LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,589 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 26, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 4,512 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.22% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,566 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Domain Information Services Inc. (Integris) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,954 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Sep. 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 4,878 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.29% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,930 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Improving Acquisition LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 26, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| IT services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Improving Acquisition LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 26, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.22% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 10,885 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 10,687 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 10,889 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 4.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 6,119 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 6,009 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 6,124 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 3.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | MacNeill Pride Group Corp. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 87 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Apr. 22, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 84 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 86 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Pixel Intermediate, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 1,368 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Feb. 01, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | $ 1,333 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 10.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 1,382 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 0.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Spinrite, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 306 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Jun. 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | $ 306 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 9.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 306 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | VENUplus, Inc. (f/k/a CTM Group, Inc.) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,958 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.29% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,008 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Spinrite, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 529 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Jun. 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | $ 529 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 9.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 529 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | MacNeill Pride Group [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 981 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Apr. 22, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 962 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.86% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 969 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Pixel Intermediate, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 4,056 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Feb. 01, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | $ 3,968 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 10.92% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(S) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 4,097 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BCI Burke Holding Corp. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,038 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,015 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,069 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Spinrite, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 554 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1],[7] | Jun. 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3],[7] | $ 550 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 9.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1],[7] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[7],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[7] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[7] | $ 554 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1],[7] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BCI Burke Holding Corp. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jun. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | MacNeill Pride Group [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Apr. 22, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.86% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | MacNeill Pride Group Corp. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 954 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Apr. 22, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 944 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.84% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 0.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 950 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BCI Burke Holding Corp. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 77 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 14, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 74 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 78 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leisure products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan two [Member] | VENUplus, Inc. (f/k/a CTM Group, Inc.) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,031 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,973 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 12.16% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 4.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 2.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,985 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 7,325 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 7,203 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 7,325 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,967 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 2,936 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,983 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | MRC Keystone Acquisition LLC (Automated Handing Solutions) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,848 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,775 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.85% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,848 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Luxium Solutions LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 959 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 01, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 947 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.58% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 959 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | PVI Holdings, Inc [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,048 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jan. 18, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.16% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.77% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,064 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Luxium Solutions LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,181 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 01, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,166 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.58% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,181 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Luxium Solutions LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 310 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 01, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 307 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.58% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 310 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | PVI Holdings, Inc [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 18, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,008 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.68% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 4.94% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Pennsylvania Machine Works, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 919 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Mar. 06, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 913 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.61% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 919 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Machinery [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | MRC Keystone Acquisition LLC (Automated Handing Solutions) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.85% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Personal care products [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 7,863 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 7,718 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 7,863 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Personal care products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Phoenix YW Buyer, Inc. (Elida Beauty) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,493 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 31, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,434 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.33% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,493 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Personal care products [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Silk Holdings III Corp. (Suave) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,370 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 01, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 5,284 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,370 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Personal care products [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Phoenix YW Buyer, Inc. (Elida Beauty) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 31, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.33% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 8,667 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 8,460 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 8,667 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 4.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 60 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Sep. 09, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 53 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 10.86% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 60 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 222 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 09, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 220 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 222 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Envirotech Services, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 22 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 21 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.35% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 22 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,394 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Sep. 09, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 3,311 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 10.84% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,394 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Universal Marine Medical Supply International, LLC (Unimed) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,909 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 05, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 3,830 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 13.01% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,909 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,360 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 09, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,294 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,360 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Envirotech Services, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,783 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 5,650 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,783 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 09, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Envirotech Services, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jan. 18, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.34% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Universal Marine Medical Supply International, LLC (Unimed) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 735 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 05, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 721 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 13.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 735 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,273 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 09, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,251 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,273 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 569 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Sep. 09, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 545 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 10.84% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 569 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Professional services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 21 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Sep. 09, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 21 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,566 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 2,474 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,566 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,738 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 2,690 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,676 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 183 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 20, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 170 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 14.73% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 3.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 183 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 182 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 20, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 177 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 178 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4],[5] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,383 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 20, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,304 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 14.73% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 3.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,383 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,556 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 20, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,513 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,498 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 54,706 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 53,687 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 54,820 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 20.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 37,991 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 37,125 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 38,051 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 20.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | TL Alpine Holding Corp. (Air Distribution Technologies Inc.) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,949 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 01, 2030 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,874 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.55% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,989 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,448 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 17, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,421 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.59% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,448 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Dusk Acquisition II Corporation (Motors & Armatures, Inc. – MARS) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,686 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 12, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,653 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.33% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,686 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Energy Acquisition LP (Electrical Components International, Inc. - ECI) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,105 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 10, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 5,011 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.28% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,181 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.90% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Genuine Cable Group, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,888 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 01, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,806 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.21% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,875 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Krayden Holdings, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,132 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Mar. 01, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 3,036 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 4.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,132 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,403 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 27, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,345 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.98% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,403 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Workholding US Holdings, LLC (Forkardt Hardinge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,680 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Oct. 23, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,641 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.13% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,680 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,479 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 17, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,443 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.61% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,475 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Engineered Fastener Company, LLC (EFC International) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 6,948 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 01, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 6,803 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 7,034 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 3.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,436 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 27, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 4,355 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.61% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,436 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | EIS Legacy, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 5,212 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 01, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 5,097 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.27% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 5,212 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | BCDI Meteor Acquisition, LLC (Meteor) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 372 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jun. 29, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 364 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.43% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 372 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 17, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.59% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Genuine Cable Group, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,970 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 01, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,938 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.21% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,965 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | I.D. Images Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 657 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 30, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 637 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 657 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 178 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 27, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 176 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.87% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 178 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Workholding US Holdings, LLC (Forkardt Hardinge) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 126 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Oct. 23, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 110 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.09% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 126 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Genuine Cable Group, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,991 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 01, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,941 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 10.96% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,985 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | I.D. Images Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,942 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,901 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.71% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 2,942 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,210 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 17, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 1,186 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.59% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 1,210 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Energy Acquisition LP (Electrical Components International, Inc. - ECI) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | May 11, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.28% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 934 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 27, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 918 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.87% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 934 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 27, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.61% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | EIS Legacy, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Apr. 20, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.27% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1],[4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | AIDC Intermediate Co 2, LLC (Peak Technologies) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,937 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,870 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.59% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1],[8] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,923 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | 1.10% | |||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | BCDI Meteor Acquisition, LLC (Meteor) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,913 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jun. 29, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 4,827 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.43% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 4,913 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Dusk Acquisition II Corporation (Motors & Armatures, Inc. – MARS) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,301 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 12, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 5,202 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.33% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 5,301 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Engineered Fastener Company, LLC (EFC International) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 6,878 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Nov. 01, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 6,766 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.98% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 6,908 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 2.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | I.D. Images Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,911 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Jul. 30, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,880 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 10.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,911 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | BCDI Meteor Acquisition, LLC (Meteor) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,963 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jun. 29, 2028 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 4,857 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.45% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,963 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Genuine Cable Group, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,938 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Nov. 01, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 4,817 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 10.96% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,925 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | I.D. Images Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 664 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 657 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 664 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Krayden Holdings, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,164 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Mar. 01, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 3,032 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,164 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 28 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 17, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 26 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 11.59% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 28 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Krayden Holdings, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Mar. 01, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 4.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Dec. 27, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.87% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 5.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 19 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 17, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 16 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.61% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 19 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Krayden Holdings, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Mar. 01, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured revolving loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 27, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.61% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Krayden Holdings, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Mar. 01, 2029 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 9.11% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 4.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(M) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,235 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 17, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 1,206 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 12.61% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 7.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 1,232 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.70% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Krayden Holdings, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Mar. 01, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Krayden Holdings, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Mar. 01, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 5.75% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,741 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 3,682 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 3,449 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,631 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 3,577 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,385 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Centerline Communications, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 100 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 10, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 98 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 12.12% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 100 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.10% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Centerline Communications, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 666 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 10, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 650 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 12.16% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 612 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 0.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Centerline Communications, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,975 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [1] | Aug. 10, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | $ 2,934 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [1] | 12.12% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [1] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reference | [1],[8] | SOFR(Q) | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIK Rate | [1] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 2,737 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 1.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Centerline Communications, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,967 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Aug. 10, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,929 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.52% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,766 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wireless telecommunication services [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Centerline Communications, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 664 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Aug. 10, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 648 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.52% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 619 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 262,361 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [1],[2],[3] | 257,420 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [1] | $ 261,833 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | 96.10% | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Investments [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 178,016 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 174,235 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 177,526 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 96.20% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Capital Markets [Member] | First lien senior secured delayed draw loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Atria Wealth Solutions, Inc. [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,990 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | May 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,981 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.97% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.50% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,990 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Chemicals [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,225 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | 4,192 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 4,225 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Chemicals [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Shrieve Chemical Company, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 602 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 02, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 592 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.82% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.38% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 602 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 0.30% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Chemicals [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | Shrieve Chemical Company, LLC [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4],[5] | $ 3,623 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Dec. 02, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 3,600 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.82% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.38% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 3,623 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 2.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Software [Member] | First lien senior secured loan [Member] | Private Credit Investments [Member] | AIDC Intermediate Co 2, LLC (Peak Technologies) [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal /Par (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,967 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Date | [4] | Jul. 22, 2027 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost (in Dollars) | [3],[4],[6] | $ 2,873 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Investment and Interest Rate | [4] | 11.80% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spread and Interest Rate | [4] | 6.25% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | [4] | $ 2,967 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [4] | 1.60% | ||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Schedule of Investments II - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short-Term Investments [Member] | Morgan Stanley Institutional Liquidity Fund, Institutional Class [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Cost | [1] | $ 13,440 | ||||
| Number of Shares (in Shares) | [1] | 13,439,729 | ||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [1] | 4.90% | ||||
| Fair Value | [1] | $ 13,440 | ||||
| Short-Term Investments [Member] | First American Treasury Obligations Fund - Institutional Class Z [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Cost | [2] | $ 4,715 | ||||
| Number of Shares (in Shares) | [2] | 4,715,161 | ||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | [2] | 2.60% | ||||
| Fair Value | [2] | $ 4,715 | ||||
| Total Short-Term Investments [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Cost | $ 13,440 | $ 4,715 | ||||
| Number of Shares (in Shares) | 13,439,729 | 4,715,161 | ||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | 4.90% | 2.60% | ||||
| Fair Value | $ 13,440 | $ 4,715 | ||||
| Investments [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Cost | $ 270,860 | |||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | 101.00% | |||||
| Fair Value | $ 275,273 | |||||
| Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | (1.00%) | |||||
| Fair Value | $ (2,800) | |||||
| Net Assets [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | 100.00% | |||||
| Fair Value | $ 272,473 | |||||
| Investments [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Cost | $ 178,950 | |||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | 98.80% | |||||
| Fair Value | $ 182,241 | |||||
| Assets in Excess of Other Liabilities [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | 1.20% | |||||
| Fair Value | $ 2,310 | |||||
| Net Assets [Member] | ||||||
| Short-Term Investments | ||||||
| Percentage of Net Assets | 100.00% | |||||
| Fair Value | $ 184,551 | |||||
| ||||||
Consolidated Schedule of Investments II (Parentheticals) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|||||||
| Consolidated Schedule Of Investments Ii Abstract | ||||||||
| Rate of yield | 4.24% | [1] | 5.21% | [2] | ||||
| ||||||||
Organization |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 | |
| Organization [Abstract] | |
| Organization | Note 1. Organization
Organization
Kayne DL 2021, Inc. (the “Company”) is an externally managed, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). In addition, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Company intends to qualify as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
The Company is a Delaware corporation to make investments in middle-market companies and commenced operations on December 16, 2021.
The Company is managed by KA Credit Advisors II, LLC (the “Advisor”), an indirect controlled subsidiary of Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (“Kayne Anderson”), a prominent alternative investment management firm. The Advisor operates within Kayne Anderson’s middle market private credit platform (“KAPC” or “Kayne Anderson Private Credit”). The Advisor is registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisory Act of 1940, as amended. Subject to the overall supervision of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”), the Advisor is responsible for originating prospective investments, conducting research and due diligence investigations on potential investments, analyzing investment opportunities, negotiating and structuring investments, determining the value of the investments and monitoring its investments and portfolio companies on an ongoing basis. The Board consists of five directors, four of whom are independent (including the Board’s chairperson).
The Company’s investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation primarily through debt investments in middle-market companies.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company has entered into subscription agreements with investors for an aggregate capital commitment of $353,535 to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock ($110,535 is undrawn). See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
The Company conducts private offerings of its Common Stock to investors in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). At the closing of any private offering, each investor will make a capital commitment (a “Capital Commitment”) to purchase shares of its common stock pursuant to a subscription agreement entered into with the Company. Investors will be required to fund drawdowns to purchase shares of common stock up to the amount of their respective Capital Commitments each time the Company delivers a notice to the investors. The Company commenced its loan origination and investment activities on December 16, 2021 contemporaneously with the initial drawdown from investors in the private offering. |
Significant Accounting Policies |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||
| Significant Accounting Policies | Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies
A. Basis of Presentation—the accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company is an investment company and follows accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 946 — “Financial Services — Investment Companies.” In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, considered necessary for the fair statement of the financial statements for the periods presented, have been included.
B. Consolidation—As provided under Regulation S-X and ASC Topic 946 – “Financial Services – Investment Companies”, the Company will generally not consolidate its investment in a company other than a wholly-owned investment company or controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company.
Accordingly, the Company consolidated the accounts of KDL Corp, LLC in its consolidated financial statements. KDL Corp, LLC is a Delaware LLC that has elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. tax purposes and was formed to facilitate compliance with the requirements to be treated as a RIC under the Code by holding (directly or indirectly through a subsidiary) equity or equity related investments in portfolio companies organized as limited liability companies or limited partnerships. As of December 31, 2024, KDL Corp, LLC held no investments.
C. Use of Estimates—the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
D. Cash and Cash Equivalents—cash and cash equivalents include short-term, liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less and include money market fund accounts. Cash equivalents, which are the Company’s investments in money market fund accounts, are presented on the Company’s consolidated schedule of investments, and within investments on the Company’s consolidated statement of assets and liabilities. E. Investment Valuation, Fair Value—the Company conducts the valuation of its investments consistent with GAAP and the 1940 Act. The Company’s investments will be valued no less frequently than quarterly, in accordance with the terms of Topic 820 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures (“ASC 820”).
Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, the Board of Directors has designated the Advisor as the “valuation designee” to perform fair value determinations of the Company’s portfolio holdings, subject to oversight by and periodic reporting to the Board. The valuation designee performs fair valuation of the Company’s portfolio holdings in accordance with the Advisor’s Valuation Program, as approved by the Board.
Traded Investments (Level 1 or Level 2)
Investments for which market quotations are readily available will typically be valued at those market quotations. Traded investments such as corporate bonds, preferred stock, bank notes, broadly syndicated loans or loan participations are valued by using the bid price provided by an independent pricing service, by an independent broker, the agent bank, syndicate bank or principal market maker. When price quotes for investments are not available, or such prices are stale or do not represent fair value in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor, fair market value will be determined using the Advisor’s valuation process for investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale.
The Company may also invest, to a lesser extent, in equity securities purchased in conjunction with debt investments. While the Company anticipates these equity securities to be issued by privately held companies, the Company may hold equity securities that are publicly traded. Equity securities listed on any exchange other than the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) are valued, except as indicated below, at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices on such day. Securities admitted to trade on the NASDAQ are valued at the NASDAQ official closing price. Equity securities traded on more than one securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for such securities. Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter market, but excluding securities admitted to trading on the NASDAQ, are valued at the closing bid prices.
Non-Traded Investments (Level 3)
Investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale, as well as any security for which (a) reliable market quotations are not available in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor, or (b) the independent pricing service or independent broker does not provide prices or provides a price that in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor is stale or does not represent fair value, shall each be valued in a manner that most fairly reflects fair value of the security on the valuation date. The Company expects that a significant majority of its investments will be Level 3 investments. Unless otherwise determined by the Advisor, the following valuation process is used for the Company’s Level 3 investments:
Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to the Company’s financial statements express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on the Company’s financial statements.
F. Interest Income Recognition—Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis and includes the accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest. Discounts from and premiums to par value on investments purchased are accreted/amortized into interest income over the life of the respective security using the effective yield method. To the extent loans contain PIK provisions, PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each applicable agreement, is accrued and recorded as interest income and added to the principal balance of the loan. PIK interest income added to the principal balance is generally collected upon repayment of the outstanding principal. The Company does not accrue PIK interest if, in the opinion of the Advisor, the portfolio company valuation indicates that the PIK interest is not likely to be collectible. If the Company believes PIK is not expected to be realized, the investment generating PIK will be placed on non-accrual status. When a PIK investment is placed on non-accrual status, the accrued, uncapitalized interest is generally reversed through PIK interest income. Previously capitalized PIK interest is not reversed when an investment is placed on non-accrual status. To maintain the Company’s status as a RIC, this non-cash source of income must be paid out to stockholders in the form of dividends for the year the income was earned, even though the Company has not yet collected the cash. The amortized cost of investments represents the original cost adjusted for any accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and PIK interest. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had $158 of PIK interest included in interest income, which represents 0.6% of aggregate interest income. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was no PIK interest income for the Company.
Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when it has been determined that a significant impairment in the financial condition and ability of the borrower to repay principal and interest has occurred and is expected to continue such that it is probable the collectability of full amount of the loan (principal and interest) is doubtful. Accrued and unpaid interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. If cash payments are received subsequent to a loan being placed on non-accrual status, these payments will first be applied to previously accrued but uncollected interest, then to recover the principal. Additionally, any original issue discount and market discount are no longer accreted to interest income as of the date the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid or there is no longer a reasonable doubt that such principal or interest will be collected in full and, in the Company’s judgment, principal and interest are likely to remain current. The Company may make exceptions to this policy if the loan has sufficient collateral value (i.e., typically measured as enterprise value of the portfolio company) or is in the process of collection. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company did not have any investments in portfolio companies on non-accrual status. G. Debt Issuance Costs—Costs incurred by the Company related to the issuance of its debt (credit facilities) are capitalized and amortized over the period the debt is outstanding. The Company has classified the costs incurred to issue its credit facilities as a deduction from the carrying value of the credit facilities on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. For the purpose of calculating the Company’s asset coverage ratios pursuant to the 1940 Act, deferred issuance costs are not deducted from the carrying value of debt or preferred stock.
H. Dividends to Common Stockholders—Distributions to common stockholders are recorded on the record date. The amount to be paid out as a dividend is determined by the Company’s board of directors each quarter and is generally based upon the earnings estimated by management and considers the level of undistributed taxable income carried forward from the prior year for distribution in the current year. Net realized capital gains, if any, are generally distributed, although the Company may decide to retain such capital gains for investment.
I. Income Taxes—it is the Company’s intention to continue to be treated as and to qualify each year for special tax treatment afforded a RIC under the Code. As long as the Company meets certain requirements that govern its sources of income, diversification of assets and timely distribution of earnings to stockholders, the Company will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
The Company must pay distributions equal to 90% of its investment company taxable income (ordinary income and short-term capital gains) to qualify as a RIC and it must distribute all of its taxable income (ordinary income, short-term capital gains and long-term capital gains) to avoid federal income taxes. The Company will be subject to federal income tax on any undistributed portion of income. For purposes of the distribution test, the Company may elect to treat as paid on the last day of its taxable year all or part of any distributions that are declared after the end of its taxable year if such distributions are declared before the due date of its tax return, including any extensions.
All RICs are subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on income that is not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with the calendar year distribution requirements. To avoid the tax, the Company must distribute during each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, (ii) 98.2% of its net capital gains for the one-year period ending on December 31, the last day of our taxable year, and (iii) undistributed amounts from previous years on which the Company paid no U.S. federal income tax. A distribution will be treated as paid during the calendar year if it is paid during the calendar year or declared by the Company in October, November or December of such year, payable to stockholders of record on a date during such months and paid by the Company no later than January of the following year. Any such distributions paid during January of the following year will be deemed to be received by stockholders on December 31 of the year the distributions are declared, rather than when the distributions are actually received. The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing its financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold are reserved and recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes are included in income tax expense. Conclusions regarding tax positions are subject to review and may be adjusted at a later date based on factors including, but not limited to, on-going analyses of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof.
J. Commitments and Contingencies—in the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contracts that provide a variety of general indemnifications. Any exposure to the Company under these arrangements could involve future claims that may be made against the Company. Currently, no such claims exist or are expected to arise and, accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liability in connection with such indemnifications.
K. Recent Accounting Pronouncements — In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which enhances disclosure requirements about significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”). ASU 2023-07, among other things, (i) requires a single segment public entity to provide all of the disclosures as required by ASC 280, (ii) requires a public entity to disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources and (iii) provides the ability for a public entity to elect more than one performance measure. ASU 2023-07 is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods beginning with the first quarter ended March 31, 2025. Early adoption is permitted and retrospective adoption is required for all prior periods presented. The Company has adopted ASU 2023-07 effective December 31, 2024, and concluded that the application of this guidance did not have any material impact on its consolidated financial statements. See Note 12 – Segment Reporting, for more information on the effects of the adoption of ASU 2023-07. |
Agreements and Related Party Transactions |
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| Agreements and Related Party Transactions [Abstract] | |
| Agreements and Related Party Transactions | Note 3. Agreements and Related Party Transactions
A. Administration Agreement—on December 16, 2021, the Company entered into an Administration Agreement with its Advisor, which serves as its Administrator and provides or oversees the performance of its required administrative services and professional services rendered by others, which include (but are not limited to), accounting, payment of our expenses, legal, compliance, operations, technology and investor relations, preparation and filing of its tax returns, and preparation of financial reports provided to its stockholders and filed with the SEC. On February 19, 2025, the Board approved an additional one-year term of the Administration Agreement through March 15, 2026.
The Company reimburses the Administrator for its costs and expenses incurred in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement. As the Company reimburses the Administrator for its expenses, those costs will be ultimately borne by stockholders. The Administration Agreement may be terminated by either party with 60 days’ written notice. B. Investment Advisory Agreement—on December 16, 2021, the Company entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement with its Advisor. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with its Advisor, the Company will pay its Advisor a management fee for investment advisory and management services. The Investment Advisory Agreement may be terminated by either party with 60 days’ written notice. On February 19, 2025, the Board approved an additional one-year term of the Investment Advisory Agreement from March 15, 2025 to March 15, 2026.
Management Fee
The management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 0.75% of the fair market value of the Company’s investments including, in each case, assets purchased with borrowings under credit facilities, but excluding cash, U.S. government securities and commercial paper instruments maturing within one year of purchase.
The management fee is payable quarterly in arrears and calculated based on the average of the Company’s fair market value of investments, at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, including, in each case, assets purchased with borrowings under credit facilities, but excluding cash, U.S. government securities and commercial paper instruments maturing within one year of purchase. Management fees for any partial quarter are appropriately pro-rated.
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred management fees of $1,673, $1,051 and $337, respectively.
C. Other—Kayne Anderson, an affiliate of the Advisor, made equity contributions of $750 during the year ended December 31, 2024. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events. |
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| Investments [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments | Note 4. Investments
The following table presents the composition of the Company’s investment portfolio at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $12,053 and $4,600, respectively, of the Company’s total assets were non-qualifying assets as defined by Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act.
The Company uses Global Industry Classification Standards (GICS), Level 3 – Industry, for classifying the industry groupings of its portfolio companies. The industry composition of long-term investments based on fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:
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Fair Value |
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| Fair Value [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Note 5. Fair Value
The Fair Value Measurement Topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC 820) defines fair value as the price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants under current market conditions at the measurement date. As required by ASC 820, the Company has performed an analysis of all investments measured at fair value to determine the significance and character of all inputs to their fair value determination. Inputs are the assumptions, along with considerations of risk, that a market participant would use to value an asset or a liability. In general, observable inputs are based on market data that is readily available, regularly distributed and verifiable that the Company obtains from independent, third-party sources. Unobservable inputs are developed by the Company based on its own assumptions of how market participants would value an asset or a liability.
The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into the following three broad categories.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument. The following tables present the fair value hierarchy of investments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Note that the valuation levels below are not necessarily an indication of the risk or liquidity associated with the underlying investment.
The following tables present changes in the fair value of investments for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine the fair value as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not recognize any transfers to or from Level 3. The increase in unrealized gain (loss) relates to investments that were held during the period. The Company includes these unrealized gains and losses on the Statement of Operations – Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses).
Valuation Techniques and Unobservable Inputs
Non-traded debt investments are typically valued using either a market yield analysis or an enterprise value analysis. For debt investments that are not considered to be credit impaired, the Advisor uses a market yield analysis to determine fair value. If the debt investment is considered to be credit impaired (which is determined by performing an enterprise value analysis), the Advisor will use the enterprise value analysis or a liquidation basis analysis to determine fair value.
To determine fair value using a market yield analysis, the Advisor discounts the contractual cash flows of each investment at an appropriate discount rate (the market yield). To determine the estimated market yield for its debt investments, the Advisor analyzes changes in the risk/reward (measured by yields and leverage) of middle market indices as compared to changes in risk/reward for the underlying investment and estimates the appropriate discount rate for such debt investment. In this context, the discount rate and fair market value of the investment is impacted by the structure and pricing of the security relative to current market yields for similar investments in similar businesses as well as the financial performance of such business. In performing this analysis, the Advisor considers data sources including, but not limited to: (i) industry publications, such as S&P Global’s High-End Middle Market Lending Review; Thomson Reuter’s Refinitiv Middle Market Monthly Stats; CapitalIQ; Pitchbook News; The Lead Left, and other data sources; (ii) comparable investments reviewed or completed by affiliates of the Advisor, and (iii) information obtained and provided by the Advisor’s independent valuation managers.
To determine if a debt investment is credit impaired, the Advisor estimates the enterprise value of the business and compares such estimate to the outstanding indebtedness of such business. The Advisor utilizes the following valuation methodologies to determine the estimated enterprise value of the company: (i) analysis of valuations of publicly traded companies in a similar line of business (“public company comparable analysis”), (ii) analysis of valuations of M&A transaction valuations for companies in a similar line of business (“precedent transaction analysis”), (iii) discounted cash flows (“DCF analysis”) and (iv) other valuation methodologies.
In determining the non-traded debt investment valuations, the following factors are considered, where relevant: the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the company’s ability to make interest payments, amortization payments (if any) and other fixed charges; call features, put features and other relevant terms of the debt security; the company’s historical and projected financial results; the markets in which the company does business; changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect the price at which similar investments may be valued; and other relevant factors.
Equity investments in private companies are typically valued using one of or a combination of the following valuation techniques: (i) public company comparable analysis, (ii) precedent transaction analysis and (iii) DCF analysis.
Under all of these valuation techniques, the Advisor estimates operating results of the companies in which it invests, including earnings before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) and free cash flow. These estimates utilize unobservable inputs such as historical operating results, which may be unaudited, and projected operating results, which will be based on operating assumptions for such company. Investment performance data utilized will be the most recently available as of the measurement date which in many cases may reflect up to a one quarter lag in information. These estimates will be sensitive to changes in assumptions specific to such company as well as general assumptions for the industry. Other unobservable inputs utilized in the valuation techniques outlined above include: discounts for lack of marketability, selection of publicly traded companies, selection of similar precedent transactions, selected ranges for valuation multiples and expected required rates of return (discount rates).
Quantitative Table for Valuation Techniques
The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs of the Company’s Level 3 investments as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The tables are not intended to be all-inclusive but instead capture the significant unobservable inputs relevant to the Advisor’s determination of fair value. The Company calculates weighted average, based on the value of the unobservable input of each investment relative to the fair value of the investment compared to the total fair value of all investments.
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Debt |
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| Debt | Note 6. Debt
As of December 31, 2024, the Company has a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Subscription Credit Facility”), that has a total commitment of $25,000 and a maturity date of February 21, 2025. The Subscription Credit Facility permits the Company to borrow up to $25,000, subject to availability under the borrowing base which is calculated based on the unused capital commitments of the investors meeting various eligibility requirements. As of December 31, 2024, the interest rate on the Subscription Credit Facility is equal to SOFR plus an applicable spread of 2.25% with no floor. The Company is also required to pay a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum on any unused portion of the Subscription Credit Facility. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
Debt obligations consisted of the following as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the weighted average interest rate of borrowings outstanding was 7.43% and 6.71%, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not have any amounts outstanding under the Subscription Credit Facility The Company does not routinely use leverage, and there are many days when there are no borrowings outstanding under its Subscription Credit Facility. |
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Share Transactions |
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| Share Transactions [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share Transactions | Note 7. Share Transactions
Common Stock Issuances
The following tables summarize the number of common stock shares issued and aggregate proceeds received from such issuances related to the Company’s capital call notices pursuant to subscription agreements with investors for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had subscription agreements with investors for an aggregate capital commitment of $353,535 to purchase shares of common stock. Of this amount, the Company had $110,535 of undrawn commitments at December 31, 2024. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
Dividends and Dividend Reinvestment
The following tables summarize the dividends declared and payable by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 - Subsequent Events.
The following tables summarize the amounts received and shares of common stock issued to shareholders pursuant to the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
For the dividend declared on November 6, 2024 and paid on January 15, 2025, there were 203 shares issued with a DRIP value of $1,070. These shares are excluded from the table above, as the DRIP shares were issued after December 31, 2024.
For the dividend declared on November 9, 2023 and paid on January 16, 2024, there were 883 shares issued with a DRIP value of $4,616. These shares are excluded from the table above, as the DRIP shares were issued after December 31, 2023.
For the dividend declared on December 16, 2022 and paid on January 13, 2023, there were 340 shares issued with a DRIP value of $1,750. These shares are excluded from the table above, as the DRIP shares were issued after December 31, 2022. |
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Commitments and Contingencies |
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| Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies | Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company had an aggregate of $31,808 and $24,067, respectively, of unfunded commitments to provide debt financing to its portfolio companies as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Such commitments are generally subject to the satisfaction of certain financial and nonfinancial covenants and certain operational metrics. The commitment period for these amounts may be shorter than the maturity date if drawn or funded. These commitments are not reflected in the Company’s consolidated statements of assets and liabilities. Consequently, such commitments result in an element of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of assets and liabilities.
A summary of the composition of the unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is shown in the table below.
From time to time, the Company may become a party to certain legal proceedings incidental to the normal course of its business. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, management was not aware of any material pending or threatened litigation that would require accounting recognition or financial statement disclosure. |
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Earnings Per Share |
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Dec. 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings Per Share | Note 9. Earnings Per Share
In accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”), basic earnings per share is computed by dividing earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Other potentially dilutive common shares, and the related impact to earnings, are considered when calculating earnings per share on a diluted basis. As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, there were no dilutive shares.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
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Income Taxes |
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| Income Taxes [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Taxes | Note 10. Income Taxes
The Company has elected to be treated as a RIC under the Code beginning with the taxable year end December 31, 2021. As a RIC, the Company is not subject to a federal excise tax based on distributive requirements of its taxable income on a calendar year basis. Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, the Company may choose to carry forward taxable income in excess of current year distributions into the next tax year and pay a 4% excise tax on such income, to the extent required.
The Company makes certain adjustments to the classification of net assets as a result of permanent book-to-tax differences, which include differences in the book and tax basis of certain assets and liabilities, and nondeductible federal taxes or losses among other items. To the extent these differences are permanent, they are charged or credited to additional paid in capital, or total distributable earnings (losses), as appropriate.
The permanent differences for tax purposes from distributable earnings to additional paid in capital were reclassified for tax purposes for the tax years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
These reclassifications have no impact on net assets.
Taxable income generally differs from the net increase in net assets resulting from operations for financial reporting purposes due to (1) unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments, as gains and losses are generally not included in taxable income until these are realized; (2) income or loss recognition on exited investments; (3) non-deductible U.S. federal excise taxes; and (4) other non-deductible expense.
The following reconciles net increase in net assets resulting from operations to taxable income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:
For income tax purposes, distributions made to stockholders are reported as ordinary income, capital gains, non-taxable return of capital, or a combination thereof.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company incurred $14 of U.S. federal excise tax. There was U.S. federal excise tax incurred for the years ended December 31, 2024 or 2022.
The final determination of tax character will not be made until the Company files its tax return for each tax year and the tax characteristics of all distributions will be reported to stockholders on Form 1099 after the end of each calendar year. The tax character of distributions paid to stockholders during the tax years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows.
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the components of accumulated earnings on a tax basis were as follows:
Capital losses can be carried forward indefinitely to offset future capital gains. As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no capital loss carryforwards.
As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s aggregate unrealized appreciation and depreciation on investments based on cost for U.S. federal income tax purposes was as follows:
KDL Corp, LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary that was formed in December 2021. This is a Delaware LLC that has elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. tax purposes. As such, KDL Corp, LLC is subject to U.S. Federal, state and local taxes. For the Company’s tax years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, KDL Corp, LLC did not have activity resulting in any provision for income taxes.
FASB ASC Topic 740, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) provides guidance for how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented, and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements. ASC 740 requires the evaluation of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Company’s tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. The Company recognizes the tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is “more likely than not” to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, management has analyzed the Company’s tax positions, and has concluded that no liability for unrecognized tax benefits should be recorded related to uncertain tax positions taken in the Company’s current year tax return. The Company is not aware of any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will change materially in the next 12 months. Management’s determinations regarding ASC 740 may be subject to review and adjustment at a later date based upon factors including, but not limited to, an ongoing analysis of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof. |
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| Financial Highlights Disclosure [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Highlights | Note 11. Financial Highlights
The following per share of common stock data has been derived from information provided in the audited financial statements. The following is a schedule of financial highlights for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, 2022 and 2021.
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Segment Reporting |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 | |
| Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |
| Segment Reporting | Note 12. Segment Reporting
The Company operates through a single operating and reporting segment with an investment objective to generate both current income and capital appreciation through debt and equity investments. The CODM is comprised of the Company’s co-chief executive officers and these CODMs assess the performance and make operating decisions of the Company on a consolidated basis primarily based on the Company’s net increase in stockholders’ equity resulting from operations (“net income”). In addition to numerous other factors and metrics, the CODMs utilize net income as a key metric in determining the amount of dividends to be distributed to the Company’s stockholders. As the Company’s operations comprise of a single reporting segment, the segment assets are reflected on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as “total assets” and the significant segment expenses are listed on the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. |
Subsequent Events |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 | |
| Subsequent Events [Abstract] | |
| Subsequent Events | Note 13. Subsequent Events
The Company’s management has evaluated subsequent events through the date of issuance of the financial statements included herein. There have been no subsequent events that require recognition or disclosure in these financial statements except as described below.
On January 15, 2025, the Company paid a dividend of $139 per share to each common stockholder of record as of December 31, 2024. The total distribution was $7,202 and $1,070 was reinvested into the Company through the issuance of 203 shares of common stock.
On February 13, 2025, the Company sold 4,754 shares of its common stock for a total aggregate offering price of $25,000. The Company has existing subscription agreements with investors for an aggregate capital commitment of $353,535 to purchase shares of common stock ($85,535 is undrawn following this share issuance).
On February 19, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a dividend to common stockholders in the amount of $132 per share. The dividend of $132 per share will be paid on April 15, 2025 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on March 31, 2025, payable in cash or shares of common stock of the Company pursuant to the Company’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan, as amended.
On February 21, 2025, the Company renewed Subscription Credit Facility for a one-year term maturing on February 20, 2026. |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
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| Pay vs Performance Disclosure | |||
| Net Income (Loss) | $ 27,030 | $ 16,654 | $ 4,807 |
Insider Trading Arrangements |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 | |
| Trading Arrangements, by Individual | |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
| Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
| Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
N-2 - $ / shares |
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Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
[2] | Dec. 31, 2022 |
[2] | Dec. 31, 2021 |
[2] | Dec. 31, 2020 |
[2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cover [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Central Index Key | 0001850787 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amendment Flag | false | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities Act File Number | 814-01393 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Document Type | 10-K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Registrant Name | Kayne DL 2021, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Address, Address Line One | 717 Texas Avenue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Address, Address Line Two | Suite 2200 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Address, City or Town | Houston | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Address, State or Province | TX | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 77002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| City Area Code | (713) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Local Phone Number | 493-2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer | No | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Emerging Growth Company | true | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entity Ex Transition Period | false | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment Objectives and Practices [Text Block] | Investment Objective, Principal Strategy and Investment Structures
Our investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation. We intend to have nearly all of our debt investments in private middle market companies. We use “private” to refer to companies that are not traded on a securities exchange and define “middle market companies” as companies that, in general, generate between $10 million and $150 million of annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA. Further, we refer to companies that generate between $10 million and $50 million of annual EBITDA as “core middle market companies” and companies that generate between $50 million and $150 million of annual EBITDA as “upper middle market companies.” We typically adjust EBITDA for non-recurring and/or normalizing items to assess the financial performance of our borrowers over time.
We intend to achieve our investment objective by investing primarily in first lien senior secured loans, with a secondary focus on unitranche and split-lien loans to middle market companies. Under normal market conditions, we expect at least 90% of our portfolio (including investments purchased with proceeds from borrowings under credit facilities) to be invested in first lien senior secured, unitranche and split-lien loans. Our investment decisions are made on a case-by-case basis. We expect that a majority of these debt investments will be made in core middle market companies and will generally have stated maturities of three to six years. We expect that the loans in which we principally invest will be to companies that are located in the United States. We determine the location of a company as being in the United States by (i) such company being organized under the laws of one of the states in the United States; or (ii) during its most recent fiscal year, such company derived at least 50% of its revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, or services performed in the United States or has at least 50% of its assets in the United States.
The Advisor executes on our investment objective by (1) accessing the established loan sourcing channels developed by Kayne Anderson’s middle market private credit platform (“KAPC” or “Kayne Anderson Private Credit”), which includes an extensive network of private equity firms, other middle market lenders, financial advisors, intermediaries and management teams, (2) selecting investments within our middle market company focus, (3) implementing KAPC’s underwriting process and (4) drawing upon its experience and resources and the broader Kayne Anderson network. KAPC was established in 2011 and manages (directly and through affiliates) assets under management (“AUM”) of approximately $7.1 billion related to middle market private credit as of December 31, 2024. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We depend upon our Advisor and Administrator for our success and upon their access to the investment professionals and partners of Kayne Anderson and its affiliates. Any inability of the Advisor or the Administrator to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate investment opportunities, could adversely affect our business,” and “––Risks Relating to Our Investments – Limitations of investment due diligence expose us to investment risk.” |
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| Risk Factors [Table Text Block] | Item 1A. Risk Factors Investing in our shares of common stock involves a number of significant risks. Before you invest in our shares of common stock, you should be aware of various risks, including those described below. The risks set out below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or not presently deemed material by us may also impair our business, operations and performance. If any of the following events occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected. In such case, our NAV could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The risk factors described below are the principal risk factors associated with an investment in us as well as those factors generally associated with an investment company with investment objectives, investment policies, capital structure or trading markets similar to ours. Summary of Principal Risk Factors Investing in our shares of common stock involves a number of significant risks. You should carefully consider information found in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K. Some of the risks involved in investing in our shares of common stock include: Principal Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure
Principal Risks Relating to Our Investments
Risks Relating to Our Common Stock
Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure We have a limited operating history and may not replicate the historical results achieved by other entities managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates. We commenced operations in December 2021. We are subject to all of the business risks and uncertainties associated with any new business, including the risk that we will not achieve our investment objective, that we will not qualify or maintain our qualification to be treated as a RIC, and that the value of your investment could decline substantially. The 1940 Act and the Code impose numerous constraints on the operations of BDCs and RICs that do not apply to certain other investment vehicles managed by our Advisor and its affiliates. BDCs are required, for example, to invest at least 70% of their total assets primarily in securities of U.S. private or thinly traded public companies, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and other high-quality debt instruments that mature in one year or less from the date of investment. Moreover, qualification for taxation as a RIC requires satisfaction of source-of-income, asset diversification and distribution requirements. Our Advisor has a limited operating history under these constraints, which may hinder our ability to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities and to achieve our investment objective. Furthermore, our investments may differ from those of existing accounts that are or have been managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or affiliates of the Advisor. We cannot assure you that we will replicate the historical results achieved for other KAPC funds managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, and we caution you that our investment returns could be substantially lower than the returns achieved by them in prior periods. Additionally, all or a portion of the prior results may have been achieved in particular market conditions, which may never be repeated. Moreover, current or future market volatility and regulatory uncertainty may have an adverse impact on our future performance. We use leverage pursuant to borrowings under credit facilities to finance our investments and changes in interest rates will affect our cost of capital and net investment income. We use leverage pursuant to borrowings under credit facilities and intend to further borrow under credit facilities in the future in order to finance our investments. As a result, our net investment income will depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow under credit facilities and the rate at which we invest these funds. In addition, we anticipate that many of our debt investments and borrowings under credit facilities will have floating interest rates that reset on a periodic basis, and many of our investments will be subject to interest rate floors. As a result, a significant change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our net investment income. See “Risks Relating to Our Investments—We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment, and rising interest rates could affect the value of our investments and make it more difficult for portfolio companies to make periodic payments on their loans.” In periods of rising interest rates, our cost of funds will increase because we expect that the interest rates on the majority of amounts we borrow will be floating, which could reduce our net investment income to the extent any of our debt investments have fixed interest rates. We may use interest rate risk management techniques in an effort to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. Such techniques may include various interest rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and applicable commodities laws. These activities may limit our ability to benefit from lower interest rates with respect to hedged borrowings. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging transactions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “Risks Relating to Our Investments—We are subject to risks under hedging transactions and our ability to enter into transactions involving derivatives and financial commitment transactions may be limited.” Downgrades of the U.S. credit rating, impending automatic spending cuts or government shutdowns could negatively impact our liquidity, financial condition and earnings. The U.S. debt ceiling and budget deficit concerns have increased the possibility of credit-rating downgrades or a recession in the United States. Although U.S. lawmakers passed legislation to raise the federal debt ceiling on multiple occasions, including, most recently, in June 2023, ratings agencies have lowered, and threatened to lower the long-term sovereign credit rating on the United States. The legislation suspends the debt ceiling through early 2025 unless Congress takes legislative action to further extend or defer it. The impact of the increased debt ceiling and/or downgrades to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or its perceived creditworthiness could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets and economic conditions. Absent further quantitative easing by the U.S. Federal Reserve, these developments could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact our ability to access the debt markets on favorable terms. In addition, disagreement over the federal budget has caused the U.S. federal government to shut down for periods of time. Continued adverse political and economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We depend upon our Advisor and Administrator for our success and upon their access to the investment professionals and partners of Kayne Anderson and its affiliates. Any inability of the Advisor or the Administrator to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate investment opportunities, could adversely affect our business. Our portfolio is subject to management risk because it is actively managed. Our Advisor applies investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for us, but there can be no guarantee that they will produce the desired results. We depend upon, and intend to rely significantly on, the Advisor’s and its affiliates’ relationships with private equity sponsors, financial intermediaries, direct lending institutions and other counterparties that are active in our markets. We do not have any internal management capacity or employees. We depend upon Kayne Anderson’s key personnel for our future success and upon their access to certain individuals and investment opportunities to execute on our investment objective. In particular, we depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of our portfolio managers, who evaluate, negotiate, structure, close and monitor our investments. These individuals manage a number of investment vehicles on behalf of Kayne Anderson and, as a result, do not devote all of their time to managing us, which could negatively impact our performance. Furthermore, these individuals do not have long-term employment contracts with Kayne Anderson, although they do have equity interests and other financial incentives to remain with Kayne Anderson. We also depend on the senior management of Kayne Anderson. The departure of any of our portfolio managers or the senior management of Kayne Anderson could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our investment objective. In addition, we can offer no assurance that our Advisor will remain our investment advisor or that we will continue to have access to Kayne Anderson’s industry contacts and deal flow. Furthermore, if the Advisor fails to maintain such relationships, or to develop new relationships with other sources of investment opportunities, we will not be able to grow our investment portfolio. This could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of the professionals available to our Administrator to carry out the administrative functions necessary for us to operate, including the ability to select and engage sub-administrators and third-party service providers. We can offer no assurance, however, that the professionals of the Administrator will continue to provide administrative services to us. This could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows depend on our ability to manage our business and future growth effectively. Our ability to achieve our investment objective depends on our ability to manage and grow our business, which depends, in turn, on the Advisor’s ability to identify, invest in and monitor companies that meet our investment selection criteria. Accomplishing this result on a cost-effective basis is largely a function of the Advisor’s structuring of the investment process, its ability to provide competent, attentive and efficient services to us and our access to financing on acceptable terms. The management team of the Advisor has substantial responsibilities under our Investment Advisor Agreement. We can offer no assurance that any current or future employees of the Advisor will contribute effectively to the work of, or remain associated with, the Advisor. We caution you that the principals of our Advisor or Administrator may also be called upon to provide and currently do provide managerial assistance to portfolio companies and other investment vehicles, including other BDCs, which are managed by affiliates of the Advisor. Such demands on their time may distract them or slow our rate of investment. Any failure to manage our future growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The Advisor may frequently be required to make investment analyses and decisions on an expedited basis in order to take advantage of investment opportunities, and our Advisor may not have knowledge of all circumstances that could impact an investment by the Company. Investment analyses and decisions by the Advisor may frequently be required to be undertaken on an expedited basis to take advantage of investment opportunities, and the Advisor may not have knowledge of all circumstances that could adversely affect an investment by us. Moreover, there can be no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts that would be material to an investment decision. Before making an investment, we will assess the strength of the underlying assets and other factors that we believe are material to the performance of the investment. In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, we will rely on the resources available to us and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. This process is particularly important and highly subjective. We may make investments in, or loans to, companies that are not subject to public company reporting requirements including requirements regarding preparation of financial statements and our portfolio companies may utilize divergent reporting standards that may make it difficult for the Advisor to accurately assess the prior performance of a portfolio company. We will, therefore, depend upon the compliance by investment companies with their contractual reporting obligations. As a result, the evaluation of potential investments and our ability to perform due diligence on and effectively monitor investments may be impeded, and we may not realize the returns that we expect on any particular investment. In the event of fraud by any company in which we invest or with respect to which we make a loan, we may suffer a partial or total loss of the amounts invested in that company. There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could affect our investment returns, including conflicts related to obligations the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates have to other clients and conflicts related to fees and expenses of such other clients, the valuation process for certain portfolio holdings of ours, other arrangements with the Advisor or its affiliates, and the Advisor’s recommendations given to us may differ from those rendered to their other clients. As a result of our arrangements with the Advisor and its affiliates and the Advisor’s investment committee, there may be times when the Advisor or such persons have interests that differ from those of our stockholders, giving rise to a conflict of interest. In particular, the following conflicts of interest may arise, among others:
The Advisor may have an incentive to invest in deferred interest securities in circumstances where it would not have done so but for the opportunity to continue to earn the fees even when the issuers of the deferred interest securities would not be able to make actual cash payments to us on such securities. This risk could be increased because the Advisor is not obligated to reimburse us for any fees received even if we subsequently incur losses or never receive in cash the deferred income that was previously accrued. The Advisor seeks to allocate investment opportunities among eligible accounts in a manner that is fair and equitable over time and consistent with its allocation policy. However, we can offer no assurance that such opportunities will be allocated to us fairly or equitably in the short term, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to participate in all investment opportunities that are suitable to us. The Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates may, from time to time, possess material non-public information, limiting our investment discretion. Principals of the Advisor and its affiliates and members of the Advisor’s investment committee may serve as directors of, or in a similar capacity with, companies in which we invest, the securities of which are purchased or sold on our behalf. In the event that material nonpublic information is obtained with respect to such companies, or we become subject to trading restrictions under the internal trading policies of those companies or as a result of applicable law or regulations (for example, the antifraud provisions for the federal securities laws), we could be prohibited for a period of time from purchasing or selling the securities of such companies, and this prohibition may have an adverse effect on us. The Investment Advisory Agreement and the Administration Agreement were not negotiated on an arm’s-length basis and may not be as favorable to us as if they had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party. The Investment Advisory Agreement and the Administration Agreement were negotiated between related parties. Consequently, their terms, including fees payable to the Advisor, may not be as favorable to us as if they had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party. For example, certain accounts managed by the Advisor have lower management, incentive or other fees than those charged under the Investment Advisory Agreement and/or a reduced ability to recover expenses and overhead than may be recovered by the Administrator under the Administration Agreement. In addition, we may choose not to enforce, or to enforce less vigorously, our rights and remedies under these agreements because of our desire to maintain our ongoing relationship with the Advisor, the Administrator and their respective affiliates. Any such decision, however, would breach our fiduciary obligations to our stockholders. We generally may make investments that could give rise to a conflict of interest and our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates will be restricted. We, along with our Advisor and certain of its affiliates, have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit us to invest alongside certain entities and accounts advised by the Advisor and its affiliates subject to certain conditions. Pursuant to such exemptive relief, and subject to certain conditions, we are permitted to co-invest in the same security with our affiliates in a manner that is consistent with our investment objective, investment strategy, regulatory consideration and other relevant factors. If opportunities arise that would otherwise be appropriate for us and an affiliate to purchase different securities in the same issuer, our Advisor will need to decide which account will proceed with such investment. Our Advisor’s investment allocation policy incorporates the conditions of exemptive relief to seek to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated in a manner that is fair and equitable. However, although the Advisor endeavors to fairly allocate investment opportunities in the long run, we can offer no assurance that investment opportunities will be allocated to us fairly or equitably in the short term. We do not expect to invest in, or hold securities of, companies that are controlled by our affiliates’ other clients. If our affiliates’ other client or clients gain control over one of our portfolio companies, this may create conflicts of interest and subject us to certain restrictions under the 1940 Act. As a result of these conflicts and restrictions our Advisor may be unable to implement our investment strategies as effectively as it could have in the absence of such conflicts or restrictions. For example, as a result of a conflict or restriction, our Advisor may be unable to engage in certain transactions that it would otherwise pursue. In order to avoid these conflicts and restrictions, our Advisor may choose to exit these investments prematurely and, as a result, we may forgo positive returns associated with such investments. In addition, to the extent that another client holds a different class of securities than us as a result of such transactions, our interests may not be aligned. Our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates may be restricted. In situations where co-investment with affiliates’ other clients is not permitted under the 1940 Act and related rules, existing or future staff guidance, or the terms and conditions of exemptive relief that have been granted to our Advisor and its affiliates by the SEC, our Advisor will need to decide which client or clients will proceed with the investment. Generally, we will not have an entitlement to make a co-investment in these circumstances and, to the extent that another client elects to proceed with the investment, we will not be permitted to participate. Moreover, except in certain circumstances, we will be unable to invest in any issuer in which an affiliate’s other client holds a controlling interest. These restrictions may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us. We will be prohibited under the 1940 Act from participating in certain transactions with certain affiliates of ours without the prior approval of a majority of our independent directors and, in some cases, the SEC. Any person that owns, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of our outstanding voting securities will be our affiliate for purposes of the 1940 Act, and we will generally be prohibited from buying or selling any securities from or to such affiliate on a principal basis, absent the prior approval of our Board and, in some cases, the SEC. The 1940 Act also prohibits certain “joint” transactions with certain affiliates of ours, which in certain circumstances could include investments in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or different times to the extent the transaction involves a joint investment), without prior approval of our Board and, in some cases, the SEC. If a person acquires more than 25% of our voting securities, we will be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to such person or certain of that person’s affiliates, or entering into prohibited joint transactions with such persons, absent the prior approval of the SEC. Similar restrictions limit our ability to transact business with our officers or directors or their affiliates. The SEC has interpreted the BDC regulations governing transactions with affiliates to prohibit certain “joint transactions” involving entities that share a common investment advisor. As a result of these restrictions, we may be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to any portfolio company that is controlled by a fund managed by the Advisor or their respective affiliates except under certain circumstances or without the prior approval of the SEC, which may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us. We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities, which could reduce returns and result in losses. There will be competition for investments from numerous other potential investors, many of which will have significant financial resources. As a result, there can be no guarantee that a sufficient quantity of suitable investment opportunities for us will be found, that investments on favorable terms can be negotiated, or that we will be able to fully realize the value of our investments. Competition for investments may have the effect of increasing our costs and expenses or otherwise decreasing returns generated on underlying investments, thereby reducing our investment returns. A number of entities compete with us to make the types of investments that we plan to make in middle market companies, including BDCs, traditional commercial banks, private investment funds, regional banking institutions, small business investment companies, investment banks and insurance companies. Additionally, with increased competition for investment opportunities, alternative investment vehicles such as hedge funds may seek to invest in areas they have not traditionally invested in or from which they had withdrawn during the economic downturn, including investing in middle market companies. We will compete with public and private funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies and, to the extent they provide an alternative form of financing, private equity and hedge funds. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. For example, we believe some of our competitors may have access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than we do. Furthermore, many of our competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on us as a BDC or the source of income, asset diversification and distribution requirements we must satisfy to qualify and maintain our qualification as a RIC. As a result of this competition, we may from time to time not be able to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities, and we may not be able to identify and make investments that are consistent with our investment objective. With respect to the investments we make, we do not seek to compete based primarily on the interest rates we offer, and we believe that some of our competitors may make loans with interest rates that will be lower than the rates we offer. With respect to all investments, we may lose some investment opportunities if we do not match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure. However, if we match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure, we may experience decreased net interest income, lower yields and increased risk of credit loss. Although our Advisor allocates opportunities in accordance with its allocation policy, allocations to other accounts managed or sponsored by our Advisor or its affiliates reduce the amount and frequency of opportunities available to us and may not be in the best interests of us and our stockholders. The competitive pressures we face may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We will be subject to corporate-level income tax if we are unable to continue to qualify as a RIC. We have elected, and intend to qualify annually thereafter, to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code; however, no assurance can be given that we will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment. In order to qualify, and maintain qualification, as a RIC under the Code, we must meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification and distribution requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if we distribute to our stockholders dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to the sum of 90% of our investment company taxable income, which is generally our net ordinary income plus the excess of our net short-term capital gains in excess of our net long-term capital losses, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, and 90% of our net tax-exempt interest income, if any, to our stockholders on an annual basis. We are subject, to the extent we use debt financing, to certain asset coverage ratio requirements under the 1940 Act and financial covenants under loan and credit agreements that could, under certain circumstances, restrict us from making distributions necessary to qualify as a RIC. If we are unable to obtain cash from other sources, we may fail to be subject to tax as a RIC and, thus, may be subject to corporate-level income tax. To qualify as a RIC, we must also meet certain asset diversification requirements at the end of each quarter of our taxable year. Failure to meet these requirements may result in our having to dispose of certain investments quickly in order to prevent the loss of our qualification as a RIC. Because a significant portion of our investments are in private or thinly traded public companies, any such dispositions could be made at disadvantageous prices and may result in substantial losses. If we fail to qualify as a RIC for any reason and become subject to corporate-level income tax, the resulting corporate taxes could substantially reduce our net assets, the amount of income available for distributions to stockholders and the amount of our distributions and the amount of funds available for new investments. Such a failure would have a material adverse effect on us and our stockholders. We may be subject to risks that may arise in connection with the rules under ERISA related to investment by ERISA Plans. We intend to operate so that we will be an appropriate investment for employee benefit plans subject to Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”). We will use reasonable efforts to conduct our affairs so that our assets will not be deemed to be “plan assets” for purposes of ERISA. Accordingly, there may be constraints on our ability to make or dispose of investments at optimal times (or to make certain investments at all). We may have difficulty paying our required distributions if we recognize income before, or without, receiving cash representing such income. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, we include in income certain amounts that we have not yet received in cash, such as the accretion of original issue discount (“OID”). This may arise if we receive warrants in connection with the making of a loan and in other circumstances, or through contracted PIK interest, which represents contractual interest added to the loan balance and due at the end of the loan term. Such OID, which could be significant relative to our overall investment activities or increases in loan balances as a result of contracted PIK arrangements, is included in income before we receive any corresponding cash payments. We also may be required to include in income certain other amounts that we do not receive in cash. We may be also subject to the following risks associated with PIK and OID investments:
Since in certain cases we may recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the requirement in a given taxable year to distribute to our stockholders dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of our investment company taxable income, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, and 90% of our net tax-exempt interest income, if any, to our stockholders to qualify and maintain our ability to be subject to tax as a RIC. In such a case, we may have to sell some of our investments at times we would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital or reduce new investment originations to meet these distribution requirements. If we are not able to obtain such cash from other sources, we may fail to qualify as a RIC and thus be subject to corporate-level income tax. Regulations governing our operation as a BDC affect our ability to, and the way in which we, raise additional capital. As a BDC, the necessity of raising additional capital exposes us to risks, including the typical risks associated with leverage. We intend to further borrow under credit facilities and, may issue preferred stock in the future (although we do not anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months), which we refer to collectively as “senior securities,” up to the maximum amount permitted by the 1940 Act. Under the provisions of the 1940 Act, we are currently permitted to issue “senior securities,” including borrowing money from banks or other financial institutions, only in amounts such that our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, equals at least 150% of gross assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, after each issuance of senior securities. If we fail to comply with certain disclosure requirements, our asset coverage ratio under the 1940 Act would be 200%, which would decrease the amount of leverage we are able to incur. Nevertheless, if the value of our assets declines, we may be unable to satisfy this ratio. If that happens, we may be required to sell a portion of our investments and, depending on the nature of our leverage, repay a portion of our indebtedness at a time when such sales may be disadvantageous. Also, any amounts that we use to service our indebtedness would not be available for distributions to holders of our shares of common stock. If we issue senior securities, we will be exposed to typical risks associated with leverage, including an increased risk of loss. In addition, if the value of our assets decreases, leverage will cause our net asset value to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have without leverage or with lower leverage. Similarly, any decrease in our revenue would cause its net income to decline more sharply than it would have if we had not borrowed or had borrowed less under the credit facilities. In the absence of an event of default, no person or entity from which we borrow money has a veto right or voting power over our ability to set policy, make investment decisions or adopt investment strategies. If we issue preferred stock, which is another form of leverage, the preferred stock would rank “senior” to common stock in our capital structure, preferred stockholders would have separate voting rights on certain matters and might have other rights, preferences or privileges more favorable than those of our common stockholders, and the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change of control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our common stockholders. Holders of our common stock will directly or indirectly bear all of the costs associated with offering and servicing any preferred stock that we issue. In addition, any interests of preferred stockholders may not necessarily align with the interests of holders of our shares of common stock, and the rights of holders of shares of preferred stock to receive distributions would be senior to those of holders of shares of common stock. We do not, however, anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months. We are not generally able to issue and sell our shares of common stock at a price below NAV per share. We may, however, sell our shares of common stock, or warrants, options or rights to acquire our shares of common stock, at a price below the then-current NAV per share of our common stock if our Board determines that such sale is in the best interests of us and our stockholders, and if our stockholders approve such sale. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of our Board, closely approximates the market value of such securities (less any distributing commission or discount). If we raise additional funds by issuing common stock or senior securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our common stock, then the percentage ownership of our stockholders at that time will decrease, and holders of our common stock might experience dilution. We finance our investments with borrowings under credit facilities, which will magnify the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing in us. The use of leverage magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested. The use of leverage is generally considered a speculative investment technique and increases the risks associated with investing in our securities. The amount of leverage that we employ will depend on the Advisor’s and our Board’s assessment of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain credit at all or on terms acceptable to us. For example, due to the interplay of the 1940 Act restrictions on principal and joint transactions and the U.S. risk retention rules adopted pursuant to Section 941 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”), as a BDC we are currently unable to enter into any securitization transactions. We cannot assure you that the SEC or any other regulatory authority will modify such regulations or provide administrative guidance that would permit us to enter into securitizations, whether on a timely basis or at all. We may issue senior debt securities to banks, insurance companies and other lenders. Lenders of these senior securities will have fixed dollar claims on our assets that are superior to the claims of our common stockholders, and we would expect such lenders to seek recovery against our assets in the event of a default. We may pledge up to 100% of our assets and may grant a security interest in all of our assets under the terms of any debt instruments we may enter into with lenders. In addition, under the terms of our credit facilities or future credit facilities we enter into, we are likely to be required by its terms to use the net proceeds of any investments that we sell to repay a portion of the amount borrowed under such facility or instrument before applying such net proceeds to any other uses. If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging would cause our NAV to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have had we not leveraged, thereby magnifying losses or eliminating our equity stake in a leveraged investment. Similarly, any decrease in our net investment income will cause our net income to decline more sharply than it would have had we not borrowed. Such a decline would also negatively affect our ability to make distributions on our common stock or any outstanding preferred stock. Our ability to service our debt depends largely on our financial performance and is subject to prevailing economic conditions and competitive pressures. Our common stockholders bear the burden of any increase in our expenses as a result of our use of leverage, including interest expenses and any increase in the base management fee payable to the Advisor. As a BDC, we generally are required to meet a coverage ratio of total assets to total borrowings and other senior securities, which include our borrowings under our credit facilities and any preferred stock that we may issue in the future (although we do not anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months). The current asset coverage ratio applicable to the Company is 150%. If this ratio were to decline below the then applicable minimum asset coverage ratio, we would be unable to incur additional debt and could be required to sell a portion of our investments to repay some debt when it is disadvantageous to do so. This could have a material adverse effect on our operations, and we may not be able to make distributions in amounts sufficient to maintain our status as a RIC, or at all. Provisions in our credit facilities contain various covenants, which, if not complied with, could accelerate our repayment obligations under such facilities, thereby materially and adversely affecting our liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay distributions. Our credit facilities are backed by all or a portion of our loans and securities on which the lenders have a security interest. We may pledge up to 100% of our assets and may grant a security interest in all of our assets under the terms of any debt instrument we enter into with the lenders pursuant to our credit facilities. We expect that any security interests we grant will be set forth in a pledge and security agreement or other collateral arrangement and evidenced by the filing of financing statements by the agent for the lenders. In addition, we expect that the custodian for our securities serving as collateral for such loan would include in its electronic systems notices indicating the existence of such security interests and, following notice of occurrence of an event of default, if any, and during its continuance, will only accept transfer instructions with respect to any such securities from the lender or its designee. If we default under the terms of our credit facilities, the agent for the applicable lenders would be able to assume control of the timing of disposition of any or all of our assets securing such debt, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, any security interests and/or negative covenants contained in our credit facilities may limit our ability to create liens on assets to secure additional debt and make it difficult for us to restructure or refinance indebtedness at or prior to maturity. If our borrowing base under a credit facility decreases, we may be required to secure additional assets in an amount sufficient to cure any borrowing base deficiency. In the event that all of our assets are secured at the time of such a borrowing base deficiency, we could be required to repay indebtedness under a credit facility or make deposits to a collection account, either of which could have a material adverse impact on our ability to fund future investments and to make distributions. We have made customary representations and warranties and are required to comply with various covenants, reporting requirements (including requirements relating to portfolio performance, required minimum portfolio yield and limitations on delinquencies and charge-offs) and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. Our continued compliance with the covenants contained under the credit facilities depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control, and there can be no assurances that we will continue to comply with such covenants. Our failure to satisfy the respective covenants could result in foreclosure by the lenders under the applicable credit facility or governing instrument or acceleration by the applicable lenders or noteholders, which would accelerate our repayment obligations under the relevant agreement and thereby have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. Because the credit facilities have, and any future credit facilities will likely have, customary cross-default provisions, if the indebtedness under our credit facilities or under any future credit facility, is accelerated, we may be unable to repay or finance the amounts due. Adverse developments in the credit markets may impair our ability to enter into new credit facilities. Following the passage of Dodd-Frank, many commercial banks and other financial institutions stopped lending or significantly curtailed their lending activity. In addition, in an effort to stem losses and reduce their exposure to segments of the economy deemed to be high risk, some financial institutions limited routine refinancing and loan modification transactions and even reviewed the terms of existing facilities to identify bases for accelerating the maturity of existing lending facilities. To the extent these circumstances arise again in the future, it may be difficult for us to finance the growth of our investments on acceptable economic terms, or at all, and one or more of our credit facilities could be accelerated by the lenders. If we do not invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could fail to qualify as a BDC or be precluded from investing according to our current business strategy and such failure would decrease our operating flexibility. As a BDC, we may not acquire any assets other than “qualifying assets” unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such acquisition, at least 70% of our total assets are qualifying assets. In the future, we believe that most of our investments will constitute qualifying assets. However, we may be precluded from investing in what we believe are attractive investments if such investments are not qualifying assets for purposes of the 1940 Act. If we do not invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could violate the 1940 Act provisions applicable to BDCs. As a result of such violation, specific rules under the 1940 Act would significantly decrease our operating flexibility and could prevent us, for example, from making follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies (which could result in the dilution of our position) or could require us to dispose of investments at inappropriate times in order to come into compliance with the 1940 Act. If we need to dispose of such investments quickly, it could be difficult to dispose of such investments on favorable terms. We may not be able to find a buyer for such investments and, even if we do find a buyer, we may have to sell the investments at a substantial loss. Any such outcomes would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The majority of our portfolio investments are recorded at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments. The majority of our portfolio investments take the form of securities for which no market quotations are readily available. The fair value of securities and other investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily determinable, and we value these securities at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor, including to reflect significant events affecting the value of our securities. As discussed in more detail under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Obligations -- Investment Valuation,” most, if not all, of our investments (other than cash and cash equivalents) are classified as Level 3 under ASC Topic 820. This means that our portfolio valuations are based on unobservable inputs and our own assumptions about how market participants would price the asset or liability in question. Inputs into the determination of fair value of our portfolio investments require significant management judgment or estimation. Even if observable market data are available, such information may be the result of consensus pricing information or broker quotes, which may include a disclaimer that the broker would not be held to such a price in an actual transaction. The non-binding nature of consensus pricing and/or quotes accompanied by disclaimers materially reduces the reliability of such information. Our Level 3 investments will typically consist of instruments for which a liquid trading market does not exist. The fair value of these instruments may not be readily determinable. We will value these instruments in accordance with valuation procedures adopted by our Advisor. We intend to use the services of an independent valuation firm to review the fair value of certain instruments prepared by our Advisor. At least once annually, the valuation for each portfolio investment for which a market quote is not readily available will be reviewed by an independent valuation firm. The types of factors that the Advisor may consider in fair value pricing of our investments include, where relevant: the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the company’s ability to make interest payments, amortization payments (if any) and other fixed charges; the company’s historical and projected financial results; the markets in which the company does business; the estimated enterprise value of the company based on comparisons to publicly-traded securities, on discounted cash flows and other valuation methodologies; changes in the interest rate environments and the credit markets generally that may affect the price at which similar investments may be made; and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of non-traded instruments and private companies, are inherently uncertain, they may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates. The determination of fair value by our Advisor may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a liquid trading market for these instruments existed. Our NAV could be adversely affected if the determinations regarding the fair value of our investments were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon the disposal of such investments. We adjust quarterly (or as otherwise may be required by the 1940 Act in connection with the issuance of our shares) the valuation of our portfolio to reflect our Advisor’s determination of the fair value of each investment in our portfolio. Any changes in fair value are recorded in our consolidated statement of operations as net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation. New or modified laws or regulations governing our operations and government intervention in the credit markets generally may adversely affect our business. We and our portfolio companies are subject to regulation by laws at the U.S. federal, state and local levels. These laws and regulations, as well as their interpretation, may change from time to time, including as the result of interpretive guidance or other directives from the U.S. President and others in the executive branch, and new laws, regulations and interpretations may also come into effect. Any such new or changed laws or regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business. In particular, Dodd-Frank has impacted many aspects of the financial services industry, and it requires the development and adoption of many implementing regulations over several years. The SEC has adopted final rules for over 60 mandatory rulemaking provisions under Dodd-Frank, with several additional rules proposed but not yet adopted. While the ultimate impact of Dodd-Frank on us and our portfolio companies may not be known for an extended period of time, Dodd-Frank, including the interpretation of the rules implementing its provisions and any future rules that may be adopted, along with other legislative and regulatory proposals directed at the financial services industry or affecting taxation that may be proposed in the future, may negatively impact the operations, cash flows or financial condition of us or our portfolio companies, impose additional costs on us or our portfolio companies, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or our portfolio companies or otherwise adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies. In addition, the central banks and, in particular, the U.S. Federal Reserve, have taken unprecedented steps since the financial crises of 2008-2009 and the COVID-19 global pandemic and in response to inflationary pressures. On the other hand, recent governmental intervention could mean that the willingness of governmental bodies to take additional extraordinary action is diminished. It is impossible to predict if, how, and to what extent the United States and other governments would further intervene in credit markets. As a result, in the event of near-term major market disruptions, like those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, there might be only limited additional government intervention, resulting in correspondingly greater market dislocation and materially greater market risk. Additionally, changes to the laws and regulations governing our operations, including those associated with RICs, may cause us to alter our investment strategy in order to avail ourselves of new or different opportunities or result in the imposition of corporate-level taxes on us. Such changes could result in material differences to our strategies and plans and may shift our investment focus from the areas of expertise of the Advisor to other types of investments in which the Advisor may have little or no expertise or experience. Any such changes, if they occur, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and the value of your investment. If we invest in commodity interests in the future, the Advisor may determine not to use investment strategies that trigger additional regulation by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”), or may determine to operate subject to CFTC regulation, if applicable. If we or the Advisor were to operate subject to CFTC regulation, we may incur additional expenses and would be subject to additional regulation. In addition, certain regulations applicable to debt securitizations implementing credit risk retention requirements that have taken effect in both the U.S. and in Europe may adversely affect or prevent us from entering into any future securitization transaction. The impact of these risk retention rules on the loan securitization market are uncertain, and such rules may cause an increase in our cost of funds under or may prevent us from completing any future securitization transactions. On October 21, 2014, U.S. risk retention rules adopted pursuant to Section 941 of Dodd-Frank, or the U.S. Risk Retention Rules, were issued. The U.S. Risk Retention Rules require the sponsor (directly or through a majority-owned affiliate) of a debt securitization subject to such rules, such as collateralized loan obligations, in the absence of an exemption, to retain an economic interest in the credit risk of the assets being securitized in the form of an eligible horizontal residual interest, an eligible vertical interest, or a combination thereof, in accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Risk Retention Rules. The U.S. Risk Retention Rules became effective December 24, 2016. Given the more attractive financing costs associated with these types of debt securitization as opposed to other types of financing available (such as traditional senior secured facilities), this would, in turn, increase our financing costs. Any associated increase in financing costs would ultimately be borne by our common stockholders. On May 24, 2018, the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act was enacted, which left the architecture and core features of Dodd-Frank intact but significantly recalibrated applicability thresholds, revised various post-crisis regulatory requirements, and provided targeted regulatory relief to certain financial institutions. Among the most significant of its amendments to Dodd-Frank were a substantial increase in the $50 billion asset threshold to $250 billion for automatic regulation of bank holding companies (“BHCs”) as “systemically important financial institutions,” an exemption from the Volcker Rule for insured depository institutions with less than $10 billion in consolidated assets and lower levels of trading assets and liabilities, and amendments to the liquidity leverage ratio and supplementary leverage ratio requirements. In addition, effective October 1, 2020, the U.S. Federal Reserve, SEC and other federal agencies modified their regulations under the Volcker Rule to loosen the restrictions on financial institutions. The effects of these and any further rules or regulations that may be enacted by the federal government are and could be complex and far-reaching, and the change and any future laws or regulations or changes thereto could negatively impact our operations, cash flows or financial condition, impose additional costs on us, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Over the last several years, there also has been an increase in regulatory attention to the extension of credit outside of the traditional banking sector, raising the possibility that some portion of the non-bank financial sector will be subject to new regulation. While it cannot be known at this time whether any regulation will be implemented or what form it will take, increased regulation of non-bank credit extension could negatively impact our operations, cash flows or financial condition, impose additional costs on us, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Ongoing implementation of, or changes in, including changes in interpretation or enforcement of, laws and regulations could impose greater costs on us and on financial services companies and impact the value of assets we hold and our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, uncertainty regarding legislation and regulations affecting the financial services industry or taxation could also adversely impact our business or the business of our portfolio companies. If we do not comply with applicable laws and regulations, we could lose any licenses that we then hold for the conduct of our business and may be subject to civil fines and criminal penalties. Our Board may change our investment objective, operating policies and strategies without prior notice or stockholder approval, and we may temporarily deviate from our regular investment strategy. Our Board has the authority, except as otherwise provided in the 1940 Act, to modify or waive our investment objective and certain of our operating policies and strategies without prior notice and without stockholder approval. However, absent stockholder approval, we may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or withdraw our election as, a BDC. We cannot predict the effect any changes to our current investment objective, operating policies and strategies would have on our business, operating results and the price value of our common stock. Nevertheless, any such changes could adversely affect our business and impair our ability to make distributions. The Advisor can resign on 60 days’ notice, and we may not be able to find a suitable replacement within that time, resulting in a disruption in our operations that could adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations. The Advisor has the right to resign under the Investment Advisory Agreement at any time upon not less than 60 days’ written notice, whether we have found a replacement or not. If the Advisor resigns, we may not be able to find a new investment advisor or hire internal management with similar expertise and ability to provide the same or equivalent services on acceptable terms within 60 days, or at all. If we are unable to do so quickly, our operations are likely to experience a disruption, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as well as our ability to pay distributions are likely to be adversely affected and the value of our shares may decline. In addition, the coordination of our internal management and investment activities is likely to suffer if we are unable to identify and reach an agreement with a single institution or group of executives having the expertise possessed by the Advisor and its affiliates. Even if we are able to retain comparable management, whether internal or external, the integration of such management and their lack of familiarity with our investment objective may result in additional costs and time delays that may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We will incur significant costs as a result of being registered under the Exchange Act. We will incur legal, accounting and other expenses, including costs associated with the periodic reporting requirements applicable to a company whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act, as well as additional corporate governance requirements, including requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other rules implemented by the SEC. Efforts to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act will involve significant expenditures, and non-compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act would adversely affect us and the value of our shares of common stock. We are required to comply with certain requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC but will not have to comply with certain requirements until we have been registered under the Exchange Act for a specified period of time or cease to be an “emerging growth company.” Upon registering our shares of common stock under the Exchange Act, we will be subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC, and our management will be required to report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We will be required to review on an annual basis our internal control over financial reporting, and on a quarterly and annual basis to evaluate and disclose changes in our internal control over financial reporting. As a result, we expect to incur significant additional expenses that may negatively impact our financial performance and our ability to make distributions. This process will also result in a diversion of management’s time and attention. We do not know when our evaluation, testing and remediation actions will be completed or its impact on our operations. In addition, we may be unable to ensure that the process is effective or that our internal control over financial reporting is or will be effective. In the event that we are unable to come into and maintain compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules, we and the value of our securities would be adversely affected. We are highly dependent on information systems, and cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents may adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies, which may, in turn, negatively affect the value of our shares of common stock and our ability to pay distributions. Our business depends on the communications and information systems of our Advisor and its affiliates, our portfolio companies and third-party service providers. These systems are subject to potential cybersecurity attacks and incidents, including through adverse events that threaten the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information resources. Cyber hacking could also cause significant disruption and harm to the companies in which we invest. Additionally, digital and network technologies might be at risk of cyberattacks that could potentially seek unauthorized access to digital systems for purposes such as misappropriating sensitive information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. Cyberattacks might potentially be carried out by persons using techniques that could range from efforts to electronically circumvent network security or overwhelm websites to intelligence gathering and social engineering functions aimed at obtaining information necessary to gain access. These attacks could involve gaining unauthorized access to our information systems for purposes of misappropriating assets, stealing confidential information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption and result in disrupted operations, misstated or unreliable financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased cybersecurity protection and insurance costs, litigation and damage to our business relationships, any of which could, in turn, have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively affect the value of our securities and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. As our reliance on technology has increased, so have the risks posed to our information systems, both internal and those provided by the Advisor and third-party service providers. In addition, we and the Advisor currently or in the future are expected to routinely transmit and receive personal, confidential and proprietary information by email and other electronic means. We and the Advisor may not be able to ensure secure capabilities with all of our clients, vendors, service providers, counterparties and other third parties to protect the confidentiality of the information. In addition, we, the Advisor and many of our third-party service providers currently have work from home policies. Such a policy of remote working could strain our technology resources and introduce operational risks, including heightened cybersecurity risks and other risks described above. Remote working environments may be less secure and more susceptible to hacking attacks, including phishing and social engineering attempts. There is no assurance that any efforts to mitigate cybersecurity risks undertaken by us or our Advisor will be effective. Network, system, application and data breaches as a result of cybersecurity risks or cyber incidents could result in operational disruptions or information misappropriation that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition of us and of our portfolio companies. There may be trademark risk, as we do not own the Kayne Anderson name. We do not own the Kayne Anderson name, but we are permitted to use it as part of our corporate name pursuant to a license agreement with the Advisor. Use of the name by other parties or the termination of the license agreement may harm our business. Risks Relating to Our Investments We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment, and rising interest rates could affect the value of our investments and make it more difficult for portfolio companies to make periodic payments on their loans. Interest rate risk refers to the risk of market changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes affect the value of debt. In general, rising interest rates will negatively impact the price of fixed rate debt, and falling interest rates will have a positive effect on price. Adjustable-rate debt also reacts to interest rate changes in a similar manner, although generally to a lesser degree. Interest rate sensitivity is generally larger and less predictable in debt with uncertain payment or prepayment schedules. Further, rising interest rates make it more difficult for borrowers to repay debt, which could increase the risk of payment defaults. Any failure of one or more portfolio companies to repay or refinance its debt at or prior to maturity or the inability of one or more portfolio companies to make ongoing payments following an increase in contractual interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. During any period of higher-than-normal levels of inflation, such as the current inflationary environment, interest rates typically increase. Higher interest rates will increase the cost of our borrowings and may reduce returns to stockholders (including resulting in lower dividend payments by us). Further, in response to rising risk-free interest rates, market participants could require higher rates of interest on the types of loans and credit investments that we own, which would decrease the value of those investments. In an effort to control inflation, the U.S. Federal Reserve Board (the “Fed”) has sharply raised interest rates in recent years, and they remain near their highest levels in over twenty years. Other central banks globally have implemented similar rate increases. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise (e.g., central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, or general economic conditions). Although recently both the Fed and other central banks globally have begun lowering rates, there is no certainty that further reductions will occur. There is no assurance that the actions being taken by the Fed will improve the outlook for long-term inflation or whether they might result in a recession. A recession could lead to declined employment, global demand destruction and/or business failures, which may result in a decline in the value of our portfolio. In addition, increased interest rates could increase our cost of borrowing and reduce the return on leverage to common stockholders. Our business is dependent on bank relationships and recent strain on the banking system may adversely impact us. The financial markets recently have encountered volatility associated with concerns about the balance sheets of banks, especially small and regional banks, which may have significant losses associated with investments that make it difficult to fund demands to withdraw deposits and other liquidity needs. Although the federal government has announced measures to assist these banks and protect depositors, some banks have already been impacted and others may be materially and adversely impacted. Our business is dependent on bank relationships and we are proactively monitoring the financial health of such bank relationships. Continued strain on the banking system may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. To the extent that our portfolio companies work with banks that are negatively impacted by the foregoing, such portfolio companies’ ability to access their own cash, cash equivalents and investments may be threatened. In addition, such affected portfolio companies may not be able to enter into new banking arrangements or credit facilities or receive the benefits of their existing banking arrangements or facilities. Any such developments could harm our business, financial condition, and operating results, and prevent us from fully implementing our investment plan. Continued strain on the banking system may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Limitations of investment due diligence expose us to investment risk. Our due diligence may not reveal all of a portfolio company’s liabilities and may not reveal other weaknesses in its business. We can offer no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts that would be material to an investment decision. Before making an investment in, or a loan to, a company, the Advisor will assess the strength and skills of a company’s management and other factors that it believes are material to the performance of the investment. In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, the Advisor will rely on the resources available to it and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. This process is particularly important and highly subjective with respect to newly organized entities because there may be little or no information publicly available about those entities. We may make investments in, or loans to, companies that are not subject to public company reporting requirements including requirements regarding preparation of financial statements, and our portfolio companies may utilize divergent reporting standards that may make it difficult for the Advisor to accurately assess the prior performance of a portfolio company. We will, therefore, depend upon the compliance by investment companies with their contractual reporting obligations. As a result, the evaluation of potential investments and our ability to perform due diligence on and effectively monitor investments may be impeded, and we may not realize the returns which we expect on any particular investment. In the event of fraud by any company in which we invest or with respect to which we make a loan, we may suffer a partial or total loss of the amounts invested in that company. We invest in highly leveraged companies, which could cause us to lose all or a part of our investment in those companies. Investment in leveraged companies involves a number of significant risks. Leveraged companies in which we invest may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities that we hold. Such developments may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of our realizing any guarantees that we may have obtained in connection with our investment. In addition, leveraged companies may experience bankruptcy or similar financial distress that may adversely and permanently affect the issuer, in addition to risks associated with the duration and administrative costs of bankruptcy proceedings. Smaller leveraged companies and middle market companies also may have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance their expansion or maintain their competitive position. Middle market companies may have limited financial resources, may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities that we hold, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of our realizing any guarantees we may have obtained in connection with our investment. In addition, such companies typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns. Middle market companies are also more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons, and the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on our portfolio company and, in turn, on us. The debt that we invest in is typically not rated by any rating agency, but we believe that if such investments were rated, they would be below investment grade (rated lower than “Baa3” by Moody’s Investors Service, lower than “BBB-” by Fitch Ratings or lower than “BBB-” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services), which under the guidelines established by these rating entities is an indication of having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” Therefore, our investments will result in an above average amount of risk and volatility or loss of principal. We are subject to risks associated with our investments in unitranche secured loans and securities, including the potential loss of all or part of such investments. We invest in unitranche secured loans, which are a combination of senior secured and junior secured debt in the same facility. Unitranche secured loans provide all of the debt needed to finance a leveraged buyout or other corporate transaction, both senior and junior, but generally in a first-lien position, while the borrower generally pays a blended, uniform interest rate rather than different rates for different tranches. Unitranche secured debt generally requires payments of both principal and interest throughout the life of the loan. Generally, we expect these securities to carry a blended yield that is between senior secured and junior debt interest rates. Unitranche secured loans provide a number of advantages for borrowers, including the following: simplified documentation, greater certainty of execution and reduced decision-making complexity throughout the life of the loan. In some cases, a portion of the total interest may accrue or be paid in kind. Because unitranche secured loans combine characteristics of senior and junior financing, unitranche secured loans have risks similar to the risks associated with senior secured and second-lien loans and junior debt in varying degrees according to the combination of loan characteristics of the unitranche secured loan. Our investments in securities that are rated below investment grade (i.e. “junk bonds”) may be risky and we could lose all or part of our investments. We invest in securities that are rated below investment grade by rating agencies or that would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Below investment grade securities, which are often referred to as “junk,” have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be difficult to value and illiquid. The major risks of below investment grade securities include: Below investment grade securities may be issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of below investment grade securities may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade securities. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of holders of below investment grade securities, leaving few or no assets available to repay holders of below investment grade securities. Prices of below investment grade securities are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Adverse changes in an issuer’s industry and general economic conditions may have a greater impact on the prices of below investment grade securities than on other higher-rated fixed-income securities. Issuers of below investment grade securities may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments, or the unavailability of additional financing. Below investment grade securities frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from us before it matures. If the issuer redeems below investment grade securities, we may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields and may lose income. Below investment grade securities may be less liquid than higher-rated fixed-income securities, even under normal economic conditions. There are fewer dealers in the below investment grade securities market, and there may be significant differences in the prices quoted by the dealers. Judgment may play a greater role in valuing these securities and we may be unable to sell these securities at an advantageous time or price. We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer. Defaults by our portfolio companies, including defaults relating to collateral, will harm our operating results. A portfolio company’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by us or other lenders could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations under the debt securities that we hold. We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting portfolio company. In addition, lenders in certain cases can be subject to lender liability claims for actions taken by them when they become too involved in the borrower’s business or exercise control over a borrower. It is possible that we could become subject to a lender’s liability claim, including as a result of actions taken if we render managerial assistance to the borrower. Moreover, some of the loans in which we may invest may be “covenant-lite” loans. We use the term “covenant-lite” loans to refer generally to loans that do not have a complete set of financial maintenance covenants. Generally, “covenant-lite” loans provide borrower companies more freedom to negatively impact lenders because their covenants are incurrence-based, which means they are only tested and can only be breached following an affirmative action of the borrower, rather than by a deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition. Accordingly, to the extent we invest in “covenant-lite” loans, we may have fewer rights against a borrower and may have a greater risk of loss on such investments as compared to investments in or exposure to loans with financial maintenance covenants. Certain debt investments that we make in portfolio companies will be secured on a second priority basis by the same collateral securing senior debt of such companies. The first priority liens on the collateral will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under any outstanding senior debt and may secure certain other future debt that may be permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under the agreements governing the debt. The holders of obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral will generally control the liquidation of and be entitled to receive proceeds from any realization of the collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of the collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from the sale or sales of all of the collateral would be sufficient to satisfy the debt obligations secured by the second priority liens after payment in full of all obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral. If such proceeds are not sufficient to repay amounts outstanding under the debt obligations secured by the second priority liens, then we, to the extent not repaid from the proceeds of the sale of the collateral, will only have an unsecured claim against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any. We may also make unsecured debt investments in portfolio companies in the form of borrowings under credit facilities, meaning that such investments will not benefit from any interest in collateral of such companies. Liens on such portfolio companies’ collateral, if any, will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under its outstanding secured debt and may secure certain future debt that is permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under its secured debt agreements. The holders of obligations secured by such liens will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of such collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of such collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of such collateral would be sufficient to satisfy our unsecured debt obligations after payment in full of all secured debt obligations. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay the outstanding secured debt obligations, then our unsecured claims would rank equally with the unpaid portion of such secured creditors’ claims against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any. The rights we may have with respect to the collateral securing any junior priority loans we make in our portfolio companies may also be limited pursuant to the terms of one or more intercreditor agreements that we enter into with the holders of senior debt. Under such an intercreditor agreement, at any time that senior obligations are outstanding, we may forfeit certain rights with respect to the collateral to the holders of these senior obligations. These rights may include the right to commence enforcement proceedings against the collateral, the right to control the conduct of such enforcement proceedings, the right to approve amendments to collateral documents, the right to release liens on the collateral and the right to waive past defaults under collateral documents. We may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if as a result our rights as junior lenders are adversely affected. The lack of liquidity and price decline in our investments may adversely affect our business, including by reducing our NAV through increased net unrealized depreciation. We may invest in companies that are experiencing financial difficulties, which difficulties may never be overcome. Our investments will be illiquid in most cases, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to realize on such investments in a timely manner. A substantial portion of our investments in leveraged companies are and will be subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or will otherwise be less liquid than more broadly traded public securities. The illiquidity of these investments may make it difficult for us to sell such investments if the need arises. As a BDC, we are required to carry our investments at market value or, if no market value is ascertainable, at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor. As part of the valuation process, we may take into account the following types of factors, if relevant, in determining the fair value of our investments:
In addition, if we are required to liquidate all or a portion of our portfolio quickly, we may realize significantly less than the value at which we have previously recorded our investments. We may also face other restrictions on our ability to liquidate an investment in a portfolio company to the extent that we, the Advisor or any of its affiliates have material nonpublic information regarding such portfolio company. In addition, we generally expect to invest in securities, instruments and assets that are not, and are not expected to become, publicly traded. We will generally not be able to sell securities publicly unless the sale is registered under applicable securities laws, or unless an exemption from such registration requirements is available. In certain cases, we may also be prohibited by contract from selling an investment for a period of time or otherwise be restricted from disposing of the investment. Furthermore, certain types of investments expected to be made may require a substantial length of time to realize a return or fully liquidate. When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, we use the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate our valuation. We record decreases in the market values or fair values of our investments as unrealized depreciation. Declines in prices and liquidity in the corporate debt markets may result in significant net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio. The effect of all of these factors on our portfolio may reduce our NAV by increasing net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio. Depending on market conditions, we could incur substantial realized losses and may suffer additional unrealized losses in future periods, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Further, in connection with the disposition of an investment in a portfolio company, we may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of the portfolio company, or we may be responsible for the contents of disclosure documents under applicable securities laws. We may also be required to indemnify the purchasers of such investment or underwriters to the extent that any such representations or disclosure documents turn out to be incorrect, inaccurate or misleading. These arrangements may result in contingent liabilities, for which we may establish reserves or escrows. However, we can offer no assurance that we will adequately reserve for our contingent liabilities and that such liabilities will not have an adverse effect on us. Such contingent liabilities might ultimately have to be funded by proceeds, including the return of capital, from our other investments. Our portfolio companies may prepay loans, which may reduce our yields if capital returned cannot be invested in transactions with equal or greater expected yields. The loans in our investment portfolio may be prepaid at any time, generally with little advance notice. Whether a loan is prepaid will depend both on the continued positive performance of the portfolio company and the existence of favorable financing market conditions that allow such company the ability to replace existing financing with less expensive capital. As market conditions change, we do not know when, and if, prepayment may be possible for each portfolio company. In some cases, the prepayment of a loan may reduce our achievable yield if the capital returned cannot be invested in transactions with equal or greater expected yields, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our portfolio companies may be unable to repay or refinance outstanding principal on their loans at or prior to maturity. We have a maturity policy between three to six years for our debt investments. The portfolio companies in which we invest may be unable to repay or refinance outstanding principal on their loans at or prior to maturity. This risk and the risk of default are increased to the extent that the loan documents do not require the portfolio companies to pay down the outstanding principal of such debt prior to maturity. As a result, once our investments mature, we will need to seek new investments for such capital. Any failure of one or more portfolio companies to repay or refinance its debt at or prior to maturity or the inability of one or more portfolio companies to make ongoing payments following an increase in contractual interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Our investments in portfolio companies may expose us to environmental risks. We may invest in companies engaged in the ownership (direct or indirect), operation, management or development of real properties that may contain hazardous or toxic substances, and, therefore, may be potentially liable for removal or remediation costs, as well as certain other costs, including governmental fines and liabilities for injuries to persons and property. The existence of any such material environmental liability could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations, cash flow and share price of any such portfolio company. As a result, our investment performance could suffer substantially. There can be no guarantee that all costs and risks regarding compliance with environmental laws and regulations can be identified. New and more stringent environmental and health and safety laws, regulations and permit requirements or stricter interpretations of current laws or regulations could impose substantial additional costs on portfolio investment or potential investments. Compliance with such current or future environmental requirements does not ensure that the operations of the portfolio investments will not cause injury to the environment or to people under all circumstances or that the portfolio investments will not be required to incur additional unforeseen environmental expenditures. Moreover, failure to comply with any such requirements could have a material adverse effect on an investment, and we can offer no assurance that the portfolio investments will at all times comply with all applicable environmental laws, regulations and permit requirements. We are a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and therefore we are not limited with respect to the proportion of our assets that may be invested in securities of a single issuer. We are classified as a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, which means that we are not limited by the 1940 Act with respect to the proportion of our assets that we may invest in securities of a single issuer. To the extent that we assume large positions in the securities of a small number of issuers, our NAV may fluctuate to a greater extent than that of a diversified investment company as a result of changes in the financial condition or the market’s assessment of the issuer. We may also be more susceptible to any single economic or regulatory occurrence than a diversified investment company. Beyond our asset diversification requirements as a RIC under the Code, we do not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and our investments could be concentrated in relatively few portfolio companies. Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries, which will subject us to a risk of significant loss if any of these companies defaults on its obligations under any of its debt instruments or if there is a downturn in a particular industry. Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. As a result, the aggregate returns we realize may be significantly and adversely affected if a small number of investments perform poorly or if we need to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, while we are not targeting any specific industries, our investments may be concentrated in relatively few industries. For example, although we may classify the industries of our portfolio companies by end-market (such as health market or business services) and not by the products or services (such as software) directed to those end-markets, some of our portfolio companies may principally provide software products or services, which exposes us to downturns in that sector. As a result, a downturn in any particular industry in which we are invested could also significantly impact the aggregate returns we realize. Our failure to make follow-on investments in our portfolio companies could impair the value of our portfolio. Following an initial investment in a portfolio company, we may make additional investments in that portfolio company as “follow-on” investments, in seeking to:
We have discretion to make follow-on investments, subject to the availability of capital resources. Failure on our part to make follow-on investments may, in some circumstances, jeopardize the continued viability of a portfolio company and our initial investment, or may result in a missed opportunity for us to increase our participation in a successful portfolio company. Even if we have sufficient capital to make a desired follow-on investment, we may elect not to make a follow-on investment because we may not want to increase our level of risk, because we prefer other opportunities or because of regulatory or other considerations. Our ability to make follow-on investments may also be limited by the Advisor’s allocation policy. Because we generally do not hold controlling equity interests in our portfolio companies, we may not be able to exercise control over our portfolio companies or to prevent decisions by management of our portfolio companies that could decrease the value of our investments and there is no assurance that portfolio company management will be able to operate their companies in accordance with our expectations. To the extent that we do not hold controlling equity interests in portfolio companies, we will have a limited ability to protect our position in such portfolio companies. We may also co-invest with third parties through partnerships, joint ventures or other entities. Such investments may involve risks in connection with such third-party involvement, including the possibility that a third-party co-investor may have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours or may be in a position to take (or block) action in a manner contrary to our investment objective. In those circumstances where such third parties involve a management group, such third parties may receive compensation arrangements relating to such investments, including incentive compensation arrangements. Furthermore, the day-to-day operations of each portfolio company in which we invest will be the responsibility of that portfolio company’s management team. Although we will be responsible for monitoring the performance of each investment and generally intend to invest in portfolio companies operated by strong management, there can be no assurance that the existing management team, or any successor, will be able to operate any such portfolio company in accordance with our expectations. There can be no assurance that a portfolio company will be successful in retaining key members of its management team, the loss of whom could have a material adverse effect on us. Although we generally intend to invest in companies with strong management, there can be no assurance that the existing management of such companies will continue to operate a company successfully. Our portfolio companies may incur debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, our investments in such companies and such portfolio companies may not generate sufficient cash flow to service their debt obligations to us. We may invest a portion of our capital in second lien and subordinated loans issued by our portfolio companies. Our portfolio companies may have, or be permitted to incur, other debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, the debt securities in which we invest. Such subordinated investments are subject to greater risk of default than senior obligations as a result of adverse changes in the financial condition of the obligor or in general economic conditions. If we make a subordinated investment in a portfolio company, the portfolio company may be highly leveraged, and its relatively high debt-to-equity ratio may create increased risks that its operations might not generate sufficient cash flow to service all of its debt obligations. By their terms, such debt instruments may provide that the holders are entitled to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on which we are entitled to receive payments in respect of the securities in which we invest. These debt instruments would usually prohibit the portfolio companies from paying interest on or repaying our investments in the event of and during the continuance of a default under such debt. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a portfolio company, holders of securities ranking senior to our investment in that portfolio company would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before we receive any distribution in respect of our investment. After repaying senior creditors, the portfolio company may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to us where we are junior creditor. In the case of debt ranking equally with debt securities in which we invest, we would have to share any distributions on an equal and ratable basis with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company. Additionally, certain loans that we make to portfolio companies may be secured on a second priority basis by the same collateral securing senior secured debt of such companies. The first priority liens on the collateral will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under any outstanding senior debt and may secure certain other future debt that may be permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under the agreements governing the loans. The holders of obligations secured by first priority liens on the collateral will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of the collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of the collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of all of the collateral would be sufficient to satisfy the loan obligations secured by the second priority liens after payment in full of all obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay amounts outstanding under the loan obligations secured by the second priority liens, then we, to the extent not repaid from the proceeds of the sale of the collateral, will only have an unsecured claim against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any. We may make unsecured loans to portfolio companies, meaning that such loans will not benefit from any interest in collateral of such companies. Liens on a portfolio company’s collateral, if any, will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under its outstanding secured debt and may secure certain future debt that is permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under its secured loan agreements. The holders of obligations secured by such liens will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of such collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of such collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of such collateral would be sufficient to satisfy our unsecured loan obligations after payment in full of all loans secured by collateral. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay the outstanding secured loan obligations, then our unsecured claims would rank equally with the unpaid portion of such secured creditors’ claims against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any. The rights we may have with respect to the collateral securing any junior priority loans we make to our portfolio companies may also be limited pursuant to the terms of one or more intercreditor agreements that we enter into with the holders of senior debt. Under a typical intercreditor agreement, at any time that obligations that have the benefit of the first priority liens are outstanding, any of the following actions that may be taken in respect of the collateral will be at the direction of the holders of the obligations secured by the first priority liens:
We may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if our rights as junior lenders are adversely affected. The disposition of our investments may result in contingent liabilities. A significant portion of our investments will involve private securities. In connection with the disposition of an investment in private securities, we may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of the portfolio company typical of those made in connection with the sale of a business. We may also be required to indemnify the purchasers of such investment to the extent that any such representations turn out to be inaccurate or with respect to potential liabilities. These arrangements may result in contingent liabilities that ultimately result in funding obligations that we must satisfy through our return of distributions previously made to us. The Advisor’s and Administrator’s liability is limited, and we have agreed to indemnify each against certain liabilities, which may lead them to act in a riskier manner on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account. Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor does not assume any responsibility to us other than to render the services called for under that agreement, and it is not responsible for any action of our Board in following or declining to follow the Advisor’s advice or recommendations. Under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor, its officers, members, personnel and any person controlling or controlled by the Advisor are not liable to us, any subsidiary of ours, our directors, our stockholders or any subsidiary’s stockholders or partners for acts or omissions performed in accordance with and pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, except those resulting from acts constituting willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the Advisor’s duties under the Investment Advisory Agreement. In addition, we have agreed to indemnify the Advisor and each of its officers, directors, members, managers and employees from and against any claims or liabilities, including reasonable legal fees and other expenses reasonably incurred, arising out of or in connection with our business and operations or any action taken or omitted on our behalf pursuant to authority granted by the Investment Advisory Agreement, except where attributable to willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such person’s duties under the Investment Advisory Agreement. Similarly, the Administrator and certain specified parties providing administrative services pursuant to the relevant agreement are not liable to us or our stockholders for, and we have agreed to indemnify them for, any claims or losses arising out of the good faith performance of their duties or obligations, except where attributable to willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the Administrator’s duties. These protections may lead the Advisor or the Administrator to act in a riskier manner when acting on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account. We are subject to risks under hedging transactions and our ability to enter into transactions involving derivatives and financial commitment transactions may be limited. Although we do not engage in hedging transactions as a principal investment strategy, we may engage in hedging transactions in the form of interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors, intended to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations to the limited extent such transactions are permitted under the 1940 Act and applicable commodities laws. Engaging in hedging transactions would entail additional risks to our stockholders. In addition, we are subject to legislation that may limit our ability to enter into such transactions. For example, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, regarding the ability of a BDC (or a registered investment company) to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the rule, BDCs that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit, adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting requirements. These requirements apply unless the BDC qualifies as a “limited derivatives user,” as defined under the adopted rules. Under the rule, a BDC may enter into an unfunded commitment agreement that is not a derivatives transaction, such as an agreement to provide financing to a portfolio company, if the BDC has, among other things, a reasonable belief, at the time it enters into such an agreement, that it will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as it becomes due. We intend to operate under the limited derivatives user exemption of Rule 18f-4 and have adopted written policies and procedures reasonably designed to manage our derivatives risk pursuant to Rule 18f-4. Collectively, these requirements may limit our ability to use derivatives and/or enter into certain other financial contracts. We qualify as a “limited derivatives user,” and as a result the requirements applicable to us under Rule 18f-4 may limit our ability to use derivatives and enter into certain other financial contracts. However, if we fail to qualify as a limited derivatives user and become subject to the additional requirements under Rule 18f-4, compliance with such requirements may increase cost of doing business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Future legislation or rules may modify how we treat derivatives and other financial arrangements for purposes of our compliance with the leverage limitations of the 1940 Act and, therefore, may increase or decrease the amount of leverage currently available to us under the 1940 Act, which may be materially adverse to us and our stockholders. In each such case, we generally would seek to hedge against fluctuations of the relative values of our portfolio positions from changes in market interest rates. Hedging against a decline in the values of our portfolio positions would not eliminate the possibility of fluctuations in the values of such positions or prevent losses if the values of the positions declined. However, such hedging could establish other positions designed to gain from those same developments, thereby offsetting the decline in the value of such portfolio positions. Such hedging transactions could also limit the opportunity for gain if the values of the underlying portfolio positions increased. Moreover, it might not be possible to hedge against an exchange rate or interest rate fluctuation that was so generally anticipated that we would not be able to enter into a hedging transaction at an acceptable price. Use of a hedging transaction could involve counterparty credit risk. The success of any hedging transactions we may enter into will depend on our ability to correctly predict movements in interest rates. Therefore, while we may enter into hedging transactions to seek to reduce interest rate risks, unanticipated changes in interest rates could result in poorer overall investment performance than if we had not engaged in any such hedging transactions. In addition, the degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price movements in the portfolio positions being hedged could vary. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, we might not seek to (or be able to) establish a perfect correlation between the hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Any such imperfect correlation could prevent us from achieving the intended hedge and expose us to risk of loss. Our ability to engage in hedging transactions may also be adversely affected by rules adopted by the CFTC. We may not realize gains from our equity investments. When we invest in loans, we may acquire warrants or other equity securities of portfolio companies as well. We may also invest in equity securities directly. To the extent we hold equity investments, we will seek to dispose of them and realize gains upon our disposition of them. However, the equity interests we receive may not appreciate in value and may decline in value. As a result, we may not be able to realize gains from our equity interests, and any gains that we do realize on the disposition of any equity interests may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience. To the extent that we borrow under credit facilities, the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested in us will be magnified and may increase the risk of investing in us. Borrowings under credit facilities may also adversely affect the return on our assets, reduce cash available to service our debt or for distribution to our stockholders, and result in losses. The use of leverage in the form of borrowings under credit facilities increases the volatility of investments by magnifying the potential for gain or loss on invested equity capital. Since we use leverage in the form of borrowings under credit facilities to partially finance our investments, you will experience increased risks of investing in our securities. If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging will cause NAV to decline more sharply than it otherwise would if we had not borrowed under the credit facilities. Similarly, any decrease in our income would cause net income to decline more sharply than it would have if we had not borrowed under the credit facilities. Such a decline could negatively affect our ability to service our debt or make distributions to our stockholders. In addition, our stockholders will bear the burden of any increase in our expenses as a result of our use of leverage, including interest expenses and any increase in the management fees payable to our Advisor. The amount of borrowings under credit facilities depends on our Advisor’s and our Board’s assessment of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing under credit facilities. We can offer no assurance that leveraged financing will be available to us on favorable terms or at all. However, to the extent that we use leverage to finance our assets, our financing costs will reduce cash available for servicing our debt or distributions to stockholders. Moreover, we may not be able to meet our financing obligations and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our assets to liquidation or sale to satisfy the obligations. In such an event, we may be forced to sell assets at significantly depressed prices due to market conditions or otherwise, which may result in losses. We are subject to risks associated with our investment and trading of liquid credit (i.e., broadly syndicated loans). From time to time, we may invest in liquid credit (i.e., broadly syndicated loans) that may be traded in public or institutional financial markets for which there is a more active market than some of our other investments. These investments may expose us to various risks, including with respect to liquidity, price volatility, interest rate risk, ability to restructure in the event of distress, credit risks and less protective issuing documentation, than is the case with the loans to middle market companies that comprise nearly all of our debt investments. Certain of these instruments may be fixed rate assets, thereby exposing us to interest rate risk in the valuation of such investments. Additionally, the financial markets in which these assets may be traded are subject to significant volatility (including due to macroeconomic conditions), which may impact the value of such investments and our ability to sell such instruments without incurring losses. The foregoing may result in volatility in the valuation of our liquid credit investments, which would, in turn, impact our NAV. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause a decline in the value of these investments and in our NAV. We may sell our liquid credit investments from time to time in order to generate proceeds for use in our investment program, and we may suffer losses in connection with any such sales, due to the foregoing factors. We may not realize gains from our liquid credit investments and any gains that we realize may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience. Our investments in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry face considerable uncertainties including significant regulatory challenges. Our investments in portfolio companies that operate in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry represent approximately 20.9% of our total portfolio as of December 31, 2024. Portfolio companies in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry are subject to many risks, including the negative impact of regulation, a competitive marketplace, decreased consumer demand and supply-chain disruptions. In recent years, supply-chain disruptions and global trade policies have had a negative impact on these industries and as Trading Companies & Distributors represent a significant portion of our investments, such adverse business and/or economic conditions have also impacted our portfolio. Adverse economic, business, or regulatory developments affecting the Trading Companies & Distributors industry, including trade policies, treaties and tariffs between the United States and other countries, could have a negative impact on the value of our investments in portfolio companies operating in this industry, and therefore could negatively impact our business and results of operations. Risks Relating to Our Common Stock There is no public market for our shares of common stock, and no market for our shares of common stock may develop in the future. There is no existing trading market for our shares of common stock, and no market for our shares of common stock may develop in the future. If developed, any such market may not be sustained. In the absence of a trading market, holders of our shares of common stock may be unable to liquidate an investment in our shares. There are restrictions on the ability of holders of our Common Stock to transfer shares in excess of the restrictions typically associated with a private offering of securities under Regulation D and other exemptions from registration under the Securities Act, and these additional restrictions could further limit the liquidity of an investment in our shares of common stock and the price at which holders may be able to sell the shares. We are relying on an exemption from registration under the Securities Act and state securities laws in offering our shares of common stock pursuant to the Subscription Agreements. As such, absent an effective registration statement covering our Common Stock, such shares may be resold only in transactions that are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and with our prior consent. Our Common Stock has limited transferability which could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change of control of the Company that might involve a premium price for our securities or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders. Certain provisions of the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, and actions of our Board could deter takeover attempts and have an adverse impact on the value of common stock. The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), contains provisions that may discourage, delay or make more difficult a change in control of us or the removal of our directors. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that limit liability and provide for indemnification of our directors and officers. These provisions and others which we may adopt also may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management. We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, the application of which is subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act. This section generally prohibits us from engaging in mergers and other business combinations with stockholders that beneficially own 15% or more of our voting stock, either individually or together with their affiliates, unless our directors or stockholders approve the business combination in the prescribed manner. Section 203 of the DGCL may discourage third parties from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating such an offer. We have also adopted measures that may make it difficult for a third party to obtain control of us, including provisions of our certificate of incorporation that classify our Board of Directors in three classes serving staggered three-year terms, and provisions of our certificate of incorporation authorizing our Board of Directors to classify or reclassify shares of our preferred stock in one or more classes or series, and to cause the issuance of additional shares of our stock. These provisions, as well as other provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, may delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control in circumstances that could give our stockholders the opportunity to realize a premium of the NAV of our shares of common stock. During extended periods of capital market disruption and instability, there is a risk that you may not receive distributions or that our distributions may not grow over time and a portion of our distributions may be a return of capital. We intend to make periodic distributions to our stockholders out of assets legally available for distribution. We cannot assure you that we will achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. Our ability to pay distributions might be adversely affected by the impact of one or more of the risk factors described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Due to the asset coverage test applicable to us under the 1940 Act as a BDC, we may be limited in our ability to make distributions. If we declare a distribution and if more stockholders opt to receive cash distributions rather than participate in our dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”), we may be forced to sell some of our investments in order to make cash distribution payments. To the extent we make distributions to stockholders that include a return of capital, such portion of the distribution essentially constitutes a return of the stockholder’s investment. Although such return of capital may not be taxable, such distributions may increase an investor’s tax liability for capital gains upon the future sale of our Common Stock. A return of capital distribution may cause a stockholder to recognize a capital gain from the sale of our Common Stock even if the stockholder sells its shares for less than the original purchase price. Investing in our Common Stock may involve an above average degree of risk. The investments we make in accordance with our investment objective may result in a higher amount of risk than alternative investment options and a higher risk of volatility or loss of principal. Our investments in portfolio companies involve higher levels of risk, and therefore, an investment in our shares may not be suitable for someone with lower risk tolerance. In addition, our Common Stock is intended for long-term investors who can accept the risks of investing primarily in illiquid loans and other debt or debt-like instruments and should not be treated as a trading vehicle. A stockholder’s interest in us will be diluted if we issue additional shares, which could reduce the overall value of an investment in us. Our stockholders do not have preemptive rights to any shares of common stock we issue in the future. To the extent that we issue additional equity interests at or below NAV your percentage ownership interest in us may be diluted. In addition, depending upon the terms and pricing of any future and the value of our investments, you may also experience dilution in the book value and fair value of your shares of common stock. Under the 1940 Act, we generally are prohibited from issuing or selling our shares of common stock at a price below NAV per share, which may be a disadvantage as compared with certain public companies. We may, however, sell our shares of common stock, or warrants, options, or rights to acquire our shares of common stock, at a price below the current NAV of our shares of common stock if our Board of Directors determines that such sale is in our best interests and the best interests of our stockholders, and our stockholders, including a majority of those stockholders that are not affiliated with us, approve such sale. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of our Board of Directors, closely approximates the fair value of such securities (less any distributing commission or discount). If we raise additional funds by issuing our shares of common stock or senior securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our shares of common stock, then the percentage ownership of our stockholders at that time will decrease and you will experience dilution. In the event that we enter into a Subscription Agreement with one or more investors after the Initial Closing, each such investor will be required to make Catch-up Purchases on one or more dates to be determined by us. Each Catch-up Purchase will dilute the ownership percentage of all investors whose subscriptions were accepted at previous closings. As a result, each subsequent closing after the Initial Closing will result in existing stockholders experiencing dilution as a result of Catch-up Purchases. In addition, distributions declared in cash payable to stockholders that are participants in our DRIP will generally be automatically reinvested in our shares of common stock. As a result, stockholders that do not participate in our DRIP may experience dilution over time. We may be subject to risks that arise from newly enacted federal tax legislation and our stockholders may receive our shares of Common Stock as dividends, which could result in adverse tax consequences to them. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, among other things, introduced a 15% book minimum tax on larger corporations, a 1% excise tax on stock buybacks and increased investment in the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to aid in the enforcement of tax laws. The impact of such legislation, as well as federal tax legislation proposed but not yet enacted, on us, our stockholders and entities in which we may invest is uncertain. Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the effects of the new legislation on an investment in us. In order to satisfy the annual distribution requirement applicable to RICs, we will have the ability to declare a large portion of a dividend in our shares of common stock instead of in cash. As long as a portion of such dividend is paid in cash (which portion may be as low as 20% of such dividend) and certain requirements are met, the entire distribution will be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a stockholder generally would be subject to tax on 100% of the fair market value of the dividend on the date the dividend is received by the stockholder in the same manner as a cash dividend, even though most of the dividend was paid in our shares of common stock. We currently do not intend to pay dividends in our shares of common stock. We may in the future determine to issue preferred stock, which could adversely affect the value of shares of Common Stock. The issuance of preferred stock with dividend or conversion rights, liquidation preferences or other economic terms favorable to the holders of preferred stock could make an investment in shares of Common Stock less attractive. In addition, the dividends on any preferred stock we issue must be cumulative. Payment of dividends and repayment of the liquidation preference of preferred stock must take preference over any distributions or other payments to holders of Common Stock, and holders of preferred stock are not subject to any of our expenses or losses and are not entitled to participate in any income or appreciation in excess of their stated preference (other than convertible preferred stock that converts into shares of Common Stock). In addition, under the 1940 Act, preferred stock would constitute a “senior security” for purposes of the 150% asset coverage test. We do not currently anticipate issuing preferred stock. General Risk Factors Global economic, political and market conditions, including uncertainty about the financial stability of the United States, could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The current worldwide financial markets situation, as well as various social and political tensions in the United States and around the world (including wars and other forms of conflict, terrorist acts, security operations and catastrophic events such as fires, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes and global health epidemics), may contribute to increased market volatility, may have long term effects on the United States and worldwide financial markets, and may cause economic uncertainties or deterioration in the United States and worldwide. For example, ongoing armed conflicts between Russia and Ukraine in Europe and among Israel, Hamas and other militant groups in the Middle East, have caused and could continue to cause significant market disruptions and volatility within the markets in Russia, Europe, the Middle East and the United States. In addition, the current political climate has intensified concerns about trade tariffs and a potential trade war between the United States and certain foreign countries, including China, Mexico and Canada, among others. These consequences may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, shortages or oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price increases or decreases of goods, inflationary pressures, and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of the foreign export industry with a potentially negative impact on the value of our investments. In addition, the political reunification of China and Taiwan, over which China continues to claim sovereignty, is a highly complex issue that has included threats of invasion by China. Any escalation of hostility between China and/or Taiwan would likely have a significant adverse impact not only on the value of investments in both countries, but also on economies and financial markets globally. We do not currently have portfolio investments with direct exposure to the Middle East, China, Taiwan, Russia or Ukraine, but because of the increasing interconnectedness of global economies and financial markets, events in these regions could negatively affect the value of our investments. Political, social and economic uncertainty creates and exacerbates risks. Social, political, economic and other conditions and events (such as natural disasters, epidemics and pandemics, terrorism, conflicts and social unrest) will occur that create uncertainty and have significant impacts on issuers, industries, governments and other systems, including the financial markets, to which companies and their investments are exposed. As global systems, economies and financial markets are increasingly interconnected, events that once had only local impact are now more likely to have regional or even global effects. Events that occur in one country, region or financial market will, more frequently, adversely impact issuers in other countries, regions or markets, including in established markets such as the U.S. Such risks include the large-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia that began in February 2022, heightened tensions between China and Taiwan, the recent outbreak of hostilities in the Middle East, or the effect on world leaders and governments of global health pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These impacts can be exacerbated by failures of governments and societies to adequately respond to an emerging event or threat. We do not currently have portfolio investments with direct exposure to the Middle East, China, Taiwan, Russia or Ukraine, but because of the increasing interconnectedness of global economies and financial markets, events in these regions could negatively affect the value of our investments. Uncertainty can result in or coincide with, among other things: increased volatility in the financial markets for securities, derivatives, loans, credit and currency; a decrease in the reliability of market prices and difficulty in valuing assets (including portfolio company assets); greater fluctuations in spreads on debt investments and currency exchange rates; increased risk of default (by both government and private obligors and issuers); further social, economic, and political instability; nationalization of private enterprise; greater governmental involvement in the economy or in social factors that impact the economy; changes to governmental regulation and supervision of the loan, securities, derivatives and currency markets and market participants and decreased or revised monitoring of such markets by governments or self-regulatory organizations and reduced enforcement of regulations; limitations on the activities of investors in such markets; controls or restrictions on foreign investment, capital controls and limitations on repatriation of invested capital; the significant loss of liquidity and the inability to purchase, sell and otherwise fund investments or settle transactions (including, but not limited to, a market freeze); unavailability of currency hedging techniques; substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation, which can last many years and have substantial negative effects on credit and securities markets as well as the economy as a whole; recessions; and difficulties in obtaining and/or enforcing legal judgments. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic led to disruptions in local, regional, national and global markets and economies. With respect to the U.S. credit markets (in particular for middle market loans), this outbreak resulted in the following among other things: (i) significant disruption to the businesses of many middle market loan borrowers including supply chains, demand and practical aspects of their operations, as well as lay-offs of employees; (ii) increased draws by borrowers on revolving lines of credit; (iii) increased requests by borrowers for amendments and waivers of their credit agreements to avoid default, increased defaults by such borrowers and/or increased difficulty in obtaining refinancing at the maturity dates of their loans; (iv) volatility and disruption of these markets including greater volatility in pricing and spreads and difficulty in valuing loans during periods of increased volatility, and liquidity issues; and (v) rapidly evolving proposals and/or actions by state and federal governments to address problems experienced by the markets and by businesses and the economy in general which were not necessarily adequate to address the problems faced by the loan market and middle market businesses. Although many of these conditions have resolved, similar consequences could occur in the future as a result of new variants of the virus or other infectious diseases. Any future outbreaks of infectious diseases could have an adverse impact on the markets and the economy in general, which could have a material adverse impact on, among other things, the ability of lenders to originate loans, the volume and type of loans originated, and the volume and type of amendments and waivers granted to borrowers and remedial actions taken in the event of a borrower default, each of which could negatively impact the amount and quality of loans available for investment by us and returns to us, among other things. It is impossible to determine the scope of any future outbreaks, how long any such outbreak, market disruption or uncertainties may last, the effect any governmental actions will have or the full potential impact on us and our portfolio companies in which we invest. Although it is impossible to predict the precise nature and consequences of these events, or of any political or policy decisions and regulatory changes occasioned by emerging events or uncertainty on applicable laws or regulations that impact us and our targeted investments, it is clear that these types of events are impacting and will, for at least some time, continue to impact us and our targeted investments and, in certain instances, the impact will be adverse and profound. If public health uncertainties and market disruptions continue for an extended period of time, loan delinquencies, loan non-accruals, problem assets, and bankruptcies may increase. In addition, collateral for our loans may decline in value, which could cause loan losses to increase and the net worth and liquidity of loan guarantors could decline, impairing their ability to honor commitments to us. An increase in loan delinquencies and non-accruals or a decrease in loan collateral and guarantor net worth could result in increased costs and reduced income which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We will also be negatively affected if the operations and effectiveness of us or a portfolio company (or any of the key personnel or service providers of the foregoing) is compromised or if necessary or beneficial systems and processes are disrupted. We are subject to risks related to corporate responsibility. Our business faces increasing public scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) activities. We risk damage to our brand and reputation if we fail to act responsibly in a number of areas, such as environmental stewardship, corporate governance and transparency and considering ESG factors in our investment processes. Adverse incidents with respect to ESG activities could impact the value of our brand, the cost of our operations and relationships with investors, all of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, new regulatory initiatives related to ESG could adversely affect our business. |
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| NAV Per Share | [1] | $ 5,259 | $ 5,229 | $ 5,153 | $ 4,986 | $ 4,976 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure [Member] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk [Text Block] | Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure We have a limited operating history and may not replicate the historical results achieved by other entities managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates. We commenced operations in December 2021. We are subject to all of the business risks and uncertainties associated with any new business, including the risk that we will not achieve our investment objective, that we will not qualify or maintain our qualification to be treated as a RIC, and that the value of your investment could decline substantially. The 1940 Act and the Code impose numerous constraints on the operations of BDCs and RICs that do not apply to certain other investment vehicles managed by our Advisor and its affiliates. BDCs are required, for example, to invest at least 70% of their total assets primarily in securities of U.S. private or thinly traded public companies, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and other high-quality debt instruments that mature in one year or less from the date of investment. Moreover, qualification for taxation as a RIC requires satisfaction of source-of-income, asset diversification and distribution requirements. Our Advisor has a limited operating history under these constraints, which may hinder our ability to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities and to achieve our investment objective. Furthermore, our investments may differ from those of existing accounts that are or have been managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or affiliates of the Advisor. We cannot assure you that we will replicate the historical results achieved for other KAPC funds managed by members of the Advisor’s investment committee, and we caution you that our investment returns could be substantially lower than the returns achieved by them in prior periods. Additionally, all or a portion of the prior results may have been achieved in particular market conditions, which may never be repeated. Moreover, current or future market volatility and regulatory uncertainty may have an adverse impact on our future performance. We use leverage pursuant to borrowings under credit facilities to finance our investments and changes in interest rates will affect our cost of capital and net investment income. We use leverage pursuant to borrowings under credit facilities and intend to further borrow under credit facilities in the future in order to finance our investments. As a result, our net investment income will depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow under credit facilities and the rate at which we invest these funds. In addition, we anticipate that many of our debt investments and borrowings under credit facilities will have floating interest rates that reset on a periodic basis, and many of our investments will be subject to interest rate floors. As a result, a significant change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our net investment income. See “Risks Relating to Our Investments—We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment, and rising interest rates could affect the value of our investments and make it more difficult for portfolio companies to make periodic payments on their loans.” In periods of rising interest rates, our cost of funds will increase because we expect that the interest rates on the majority of amounts we borrow will be floating, which could reduce our net investment income to the extent any of our debt investments have fixed interest rates. We may use interest rate risk management techniques in an effort to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. Such techniques may include various interest rate hedging activities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and applicable commodities laws. These activities may limit our ability to benefit from lower interest rates with respect to hedged borrowings. Adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates or hedging transactions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “Risks Relating to Our Investments—We are subject to risks under hedging transactions and our ability to enter into transactions involving derivatives and financial commitment transactions may be limited.” Downgrades of the U.S. credit rating, impending automatic spending cuts or government shutdowns could negatively impact our liquidity, financial condition and earnings. The U.S. debt ceiling and budget deficit concerns have increased the possibility of credit-rating downgrades or a recession in the United States. Although U.S. lawmakers passed legislation to raise the federal debt ceiling on multiple occasions, including, most recently, in June 2023, ratings agencies have lowered, and threatened to lower the long-term sovereign credit rating on the United States. The legislation suspends the debt ceiling through early 2025 unless Congress takes legislative action to further extend or defer it. The impact of the increased debt ceiling and/or downgrades to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or its perceived creditworthiness could adversely affect the U.S. and global financial markets and economic conditions. Absent further quantitative easing by the U.S. Federal Reserve, these developments could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact our ability to access the debt markets on favorable terms. In addition, disagreement over the federal budget has caused the U.S. federal government to shut down for periods of time. Continued adverse political and economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We depend upon our Advisor and Administrator for our success and upon their access to the investment professionals and partners of Kayne Anderson and its affiliates. Any inability of the Advisor or the Administrator to maintain or develop these relationships, or the failure of these relationships to generate investment opportunities, could adversely affect our business. Our portfolio is subject to management risk because it is actively managed. Our Advisor applies investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for us, but there can be no guarantee that they will produce the desired results. We depend upon, and intend to rely significantly on, the Advisor’s and its affiliates’ relationships with private equity sponsors, financial intermediaries, direct lending institutions and other counterparties that are active in our markets. We do not have any internal management capacity or employees. We depend upon Kayne Anderson’s key personnel for our future success and upon their access to certain individuals and investment opportunities to execute on our investment objective. In particular, we depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of our portfolio managers, who evaluate, negotiate, structure, close and monitor our investments. These individuals manage a number of investment vehicles on behalf of Kayne Anderson and, as a result, do not devote all of their time to managing us, which could negatively impact our performance. Furthermore, these individuals do not have long-term employment contracts with Kayne Anderson, although they do have equity interests and other financial incentives to remain with Kayne Anderson. We also depend on the senior management of Kayne Anderson. The departure of any of our portfolio managers or the senior management of Kayne Anderson could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our investment objective. In addition, we can offer no assurance that our Advisor will remain our investment advisor or that we will continue to have access to Kayne Anderson’s industry contacts and deal flow. Furthermore, if the Advisor fails to maintain such relationships, or to develop new relationships with other sources of investment opportunities, we will not be able to grow our investment portfolio. This could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We depend on the diligence, skill and network of business contacts of the professionals available to our Administrator to carry out the administrative functions necessary for us to operate, including the ability to select and engage sub-administrators and third-party service providers. We can offer no assurance, however, that the professionals of the Administrator will continue to provide administrative services to us. This could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows depend on our ability to manage our business and future growth effectively. Our ability to achieve our investment objective depends on our ability to manage and grow our business, which depends, in turn, on the Advisor’s ability to identify, invest in and monitor companies that meet our investment selection criteria. Accomplishing this result on a cost-effective basis is largely a function of the Advisor’s structuring of the investment process, its ability to provide competent, attentive and efficient services to us and our access to financing on acceptable terms. The management team of the Advisor has substantial responsibilities under our Investment Advisor Agreement. We can offer no assurance that any current or future employees of the Advisor will contribute effectively to the work of, or remain associated with, the Advisor. We caution you that the principals of our Advisor or Administrator may also be called upon to provide and currently do provide managerial assistance to portfolio companies and other investment vehicles, including other BDCs, which are managed by affiliates of the Advisor. Such demands on their time may distract them or slow our rate of investment. Any failure to manage our future growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The Advisor may frequently be required to make investment analyses and decisions on an expedited basis in order to take advantage of investment opportunities, and our Advisor may not have knowledge of all circumstances that could impact an investment by the Company. Investment analyses and decisions by the Advisor may frequently be required to be undertaken on an expedited basis to take advantage of investment opportunities, and the Advisor may not have knowledge of all circumstances that could adversely affect an investment by us. Moreover, there can be no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts that would be material to an investment decision. Before making an investment, we will assess the strength of the underlying assets and other factors that we believe are material to the performance of the investment. In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, we will rely on the resources available to us and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. This process is particularly important and highly subjective. We may make investments in, or loans to, companies that are not subject to public company reporting requirements including requirements regarding preparation of financial statements and our portfolio companies may utilize divergent reporting standards that may make it difficult for the Advisor to accurately assess the prior performance of a portfolio company. We will, therefore, depend upon the compliance by investment companies with their contractual reporting obligations. As a result, the evaluation of potential investments and our ability to perform due diligence on and effectively monitor investments may be impeded, and we may not realize the returns that we expect on any particular investment. In the event of fraud by any company in which we invest or with respect to which we make a loan, we may suffer a partial or total loss of the amounts invested in that company. There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could affect our investment returns, including conflicts related to obligations the Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates have to other clients and conflicts related to fees and expenses of such other clients, the valuation process for certain portfolio holdings of ours, other arrangements with the Advisor or its affiliates, and the Advisor’s recommendations given to us may differ from those rendered to their other clients. As a result of our arrangements with the Advisor and its affiliates and the Advisor’s investment committee, there may be times when the Advisor or such persons have interests that differ from those of our stockholders, giving rise to a conflict of interest. In particular, the following conflicts of interest may arise, among others:
The Advisor may have an incentive to invest in deferred interest securities in circumstances where it would not have done so but for the opportunity to continue to earn the fees even when the issuers of the deferred interest securities would not be able to make actual cash payments to us on such securities. This risk could be increased because the Advisor is not obligated to reimburse us for any fees received even if we subsequently incur losses or never receive in cash the deferred income that was previously accrued. The Advisor seeks to allocate investment opportunities among eligible accounts in a manner that is fair and equitable over time and consistent with its allocation policy. However, we can offer no assurance that such opportunities will be allocated to us fairly or equitably in the short term, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to participate in all investment opportunities that are suitable to us. The Advisor’s investment committee, the Advisor or its affiliates may, from time to time, possess material non-public information, limiting our investment discretion. Principals of the Advisor and its affiliates and members of the Advisor’s investment committee may serve as directors of, or in a similar capacity with, companies in which we invest, the securities of which are purchased or sold on our behalf. In the event that material nonpublic information is obtained with respect to such companies, or we become subject to trading restrictions under the internal trading policies of those companies or as a result of applicable law or regulations (for example, the antifraud provisions for the federal securities laws), we could be prohibited for a period of time from purchasing or selling the securities of such companies, and this prohibition may have an adverse effect on us. The Investment Advisory Agreement and the Administration Agreement were not negotiated on an arm’s-length basis and may not be as favorable to us as if they had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party. The Investment Advisory Agreement and the Administration Agreement were negotiated between related parties. Consequently, their terms, including fees payable to the Advisor, may not be as favorable to us as if they had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party. For example, certain accounts managed by the Advisor have lower management, incentive or other fees than those charged under the Investment Advisory Agreement and/or a reduced ability to recover expenses and overhead than may be recovered by the Administrator under the Administration Agreement. In addition, we may choose not to enforce, or to enforce less vigorously, our rights and remedies under these agreements because of our desire to maintain our ongoing relationship with the Advisor, the Administrator and their respective affiliates. Any such decision, however, would breach our fiduciary obligations to our stockholders. We generally may make investments that could give rise to a conflict of interest and our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates will be restricted. We, along with our Advisor and certain of its affiliates, have obtained exemptive relief from the SEC to permit us to invest alongside certain entities and accounts advised by the Advisor and its affiliates subject to certain conditions. Pursuant to such exemptive relief, and subject to certain conditions, we are permitted to co-invest in the same security with our affiliates in a manner that is consistent with our investment objective, investment strategy, regulatory consideration and other relevant factors. If opportunities arise that would otherwise be appropriate for us and an affiliate to purchase different securities in the same issuer, our Advisor will need to decide which account will proceed with such investment. Our Advisor’s investment allocation policy incorporates the conditions of exemptive relief to seek to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated in a manner that is fair and equitable. However, although the Advisor endeavors to fairly allocate investment opportunities in the long run, we can offer no assurance that investment opportunities will be allocated to us fairly or equitably in the short term. We do not expect to invest in, or hold securities of, companies that are controlled by our affiliates’ other clients. If our affiliates’ other client or clients gain control over one of our portfolio companies, this may create conflicts of interest and subject us to certain restrictions under the 1940 Act. As a result of these conflicts and restrictions our Advisor may be unable to implement our investment strategies as effectively as it could have in the absence of such conflicts or restrictions. For example, as a result of a conflict or restriction, our Advisor may be unable to engage in certain transactions that it would otherwise pursue. In order to avoid these conflicts and restrictions, our Advisor may choose to exit these investments prematurely and, as a result, we may forgo positive returns associated with such investments. In addition, to the extent that another client holds a different class of securities than us as a result of such transactions, our interests may not be aligned. Our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates may be restricted. In situations where co-investment with affiliates’ other clients is not permitted under the 1940 Act and related rules, existing or future staff guidance, or the terms and conditions of exemptive relief that have been granted to our Advisor and its affiliates by the SEC, our Advisor will need to decide which client or clients will proceed with the investment. Generally, we will not have an entitlement to make a co-investment in these circumstances and, to the extent that another client elects to proceed with the investment, we will not be permitted to participate. Moreover, except in certain circumstances, we will be unable to invest in any issuer in which an affiliate’s other client holds a controlling interest. These restrictions may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us. We will be prohibited under the 1940 Act from participating in certain transactions with certain affiliates of ours without the prior approval of a majority of our independent directors and, in some cases, the SEC. Any person that owns, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of our outstanding voting securities will be our affiliate for purposes of the 1940 Act, and we will generally be prohibited from buying or selling any securities from or to such affiliate on a principal basis, absent the prior approval of our Board and, in some cases, the SEC. The 1940 Act also prohibits certain “joint” transactions with certain affiliates of ours, which in certain circumstances could include investments in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or different times to the extent the transaction involves a joint investment), without prior approval of our Board and, in some cases, the SEC. If a person acquires more than 25% of our voting securities, we will be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to such person or certain of that person’s affiliates, or entering into prohibited joint transactions with such persons, absent the prior approval of the SEC. Similar restrictions limit our ability to transact business with our officers or directors or their affiliates. The SEC has interpreted the BDC regulations governing transactions with affiliates to prohibit certain “joint transactions” involving entities that share a common investment advisor. As a result of these restrictions, we may be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to any portfolio company that is controlled by a fund managed by the Advisor or their respective affiliates except under certain circumstances or without the prior approval of the SEC, which may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us. We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities, which could reduce returns and result in losses. There will be competition for investments from numerous other potential investors, many of which will have significant financial resources. As a result, there can be no guarantee that a sufficient quantity of suitable investment opportunities for us will be found, that investments on favorable terms can be negotiated, or that we will be able to fully realize the value of our investments. Competition for investments may have the effect of increasing our costs and expenses or otherwise decreasing returns generated on underlying investments, thereby reducing our investment returns. A number of entities compete with us to make the types of investments that we plan to make in middle market companies, including BDCs, traditional commercial banks, private investment funds, regional banking institutions, small business investment companies, investment banks and insurance companies. Additionally, with increased competition for investment opportunities, alternative investment vehicles such as hedge funds may seek to invest in areas they have not traditionally invested in or from which they had withdrawn during the economic downturn, including investing in middle market companies. We will compete with public and private funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies and, to the extent they provide an alternative form of financing, private equity and hedge funds. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. For example, we believe some of our competitors may have access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than we do. Furthermore, many of our competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on us as a BDC or the source of income, asset diversification and distribution requirements we must satisfy to qualify and maintain our qualification as a RIC. As a result of this competition, we may from time to time not be able to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities, and we may not be able to identify and make investments that are consistent with our investment objective. With respect to the investments we make, we do not seek to compete based primarily on the interest rates we offer, and we believe that some of our competitors may make loans with interest rates that will be lower than the rates we offer. With respect to all investments, we may lose some investment opportunities if we do not match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure. However, if we match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure, we may experience decreased net interest income, lower yields and increased risk of credit loss. Although our Advisor allocates opportunities in accordance with its allocation policy, allocations to other accounts managed or sponsored by our Advisor or its affiliates reduce the amount and frequency of opportunities available to us and may not be in the best interests of us and our stockholders. The competitive pressures we face may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We will be subject to corporate-level income tax if we are unable to continue to qualify as a RIC. We have elected, and intend to qualify annually thereafter, to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code; however, no assurance can be given that we will be able to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment. In order to qualify, and maintain qualification, as a RIC under the Code, we must meet certain source-of-income, asset diversification and distribution requirements. The distribution requirement for a RIC is satisfied if we distribute to our stockholders dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to the sum of 90% of our investment company taxable income, which is generally our net ordinary income plus the excess of our net short-term capital gains in excess of our net long-term capital losses, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, and 90% of our net tax-exempt interest income, if any, to our stockholders on an annual basis. We are subject, to the extent we use debt financing, to certain asset coverage ratio requirements under the 1940 Act and financial covenants under loan and credit agreements that could, under certain circumstances, restrict us from making distributions necessary to qualify as a RIC. If we are unable to obtain cash from other sources, we may fail to be subject to tax as a RIC and, thus, may be subject to corporate-level income tax. To qualify as a RIC, we must also meet certain asset diversification requirements at the end of each quarter of our taxable year. Failure to meet these requirements may result in our having to dispose of certain investments quickly in order to prevent the loss of our qualification as a RIC. Because a significant portion of our investments are in private or thinly traded public companies, any such dispositions could be made at disadvantageous prices and may result in substantial losses. If we fail to qualify as a RIC for any reason and become subject to corporate-level income tax, the resulting corporate taxes could substantially reduce our net assets, the amount of income available for distributions to stockholders and the amount of our distributions and the amount of funds available for new investments. Such a failure would have a material adverse effect on us and our stockholders. We may be subject to risks that may arise in connection with the rules under ERISA related to investment by ERISA Plans. We intend to operate so that we will be an appropriate investment for employee benefit plans subject to Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”). We will use reasonable efforts to conduct our affairs so that our assets will not be deemed to be “plan assets” for purposes of ERISA. Accordingly, there may be constraints on our ability to make or dispose of investments at optimal times (or to make certain investments at all). We may have difficulty paying our required distributions if we recognize income before, or without, receiving cash representing such income. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, we include in income certain amounts that we have not yet received in cash, such as the accretion of original issue discount (“OID”). This may arise if we receive warrants in connection with the making of a loan and in other circumstances, or through contracted PIK interest, which represents contractual interest added to the loan balance and due at the end of the loan term. Such OID, which could be significant relative to our overall investment activities or increases in loan balances as a result of contracted PIK arrangements, is included in income before we receive any corresponding cash payments. We also may be required to include in income certain other amounts that we do not receive in cash. We may be also subject to the following risks associated with PIK and OID investments:
Since in certain cases we may recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the requirement in a given taxable year to distribute to our stockholders dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of our investment company taxable income, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, and 90% of our net tax-exempt interest income, if any, to our stockholders to qualify and maintain our ability to be subject to tax as a RIC. In such a case, we may have to sell some of our investments at times we would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital or reduce new investment originations to meet these distribution requirements. If we are not able to obtain such cash from other sources, we may fail to qualify as a RIC and thus be subject to corporate-level income tax. Regulations governing our operation as a BDC affect our ability to, and the way in which we, raise additional capital. As a BDC, the necessity of raising additional capital exposes us to risks, including the typical risks associated with leverage. We intend to further borrow under credit facilities and, may issue preferred stock in the future (although we do not anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months), which we refer to collectively as “senior securities,” up to the maximum amount permitted by the 1940 Act. Under the provisions of the 1940 Act, we are currently permitted to issue “senior securities,” including borrowing money from banks or other financial institutions, only in amounts such that our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, equals at least 150% of gross assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, after each issuance of senior securities. If we fail to comply with certain disclosure requirements, our asset coverage ratio under the 1940 Act would be 200%, which would decrease the amount of leverage we are able to incur. Nevertheless, if the value of our assets declines, we may be unable to satisfy this ratio. If that happens, we may be required to sell a portion of our investments and, depending on the nature of our leverage, repay a portion of our indebtedness at a time when such sales may be disadvantageous. Also, any amounts that we use to service our indebtedness would not be available for distributions to holders of our shares of common stock. If we issue senior securities, we will be exposed to typical risks associated with leverage, including an increased risk of loss. In addition, if the value of our assets decreases, leverage will cause our net asset value to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have without leverage or with lower leverage. Similarly, any decrease in our revenue would cause its net income to decline more sharply than it would have if we had not borrowed or had borrowed less under the credit facilities. In the absence of an event of default, no person or entity from which we borrow money has a veto right or voting power over our ability to set policy, make investment decisions or adopt investment strategies. If we issue preferred stock, which is another form of leverage, the preferred stock would rank “senior” to common stock in our capital structure, preferred stockholders would have separate voting rights on certain matters and might have other rights, preferences or privileges more favorable than those of our common stockholders, and the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change of control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our common stockholders. Holders of our common stock will directly or indirectly bear all of the costs associated with offering and servicing any preferred stock that we issue. In addition, any interests of preferred stockholders may not necessarily align with the interests of holders of our shares of common stock, and the rights of holders of shares of preferred stock to receive distributions would be senior to those of holders of shares of common stock. We do not, however, anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months. We are not generally able to issue and sell our shares of common stock at a price below NAV per share. We may, however, sell our shares of common stock, or warrants, options or rights to acquire our shares of common stock, at a price below the then-current NAV per share of our common stock if our Board determines that such sale is in the best interests of us and our stockholders, and if our stockholders approve such sale. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of our Board, closely approximates the market value of such securities (less any distributing commission or discount). If we raise additional funds by issuing common stock or senior securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our common stock, then the percentage ownership of our stockholders at that time will decrease, and holders of our common stock might experience dilution. We finance our investments with borrowings under credit facilities, which will magnify the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing in us. The use of leverage magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested. The use of leverage is generally considered a speculative investment technique and increases the risks associated with investing in our securities. The amount of leverage that we employ will depend on the Advisor’s and our Board’s assessment of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain credit at all or on terms acceptable to us. For example, due to the interplay of the 1940 Act restrictions on principal and joint transactions and the U.S. risk retention rules adopted pursuant to Section 941 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”), as a BDC we are currently unable to enter into any securitization transactions. We cannot assure you that the SEC or any other regulatory authority will modify such regulations or provide administrative guidance that would permit us to enter into securitizations, whether on a timely basis or at all. We may issue senior debt securities to banks, insurance companies and other lenders. Lenders of these senior securities will have fixed dollar claims on our assets that are superior to the claims of our common stockholders, and we would expect such lenders to seek recovery against our assets in the event of a default. We may pledge up to 100% of our assets and may grant a security interest in all of our assets under the terms of any debt instruments we may enter into with lenders. In addition, under the terms of our credit facilities or future credit facilities we enter into, we are likely to be required by its terms to use the net proceeds of any investments that we sell to repay a portion of the amount borrowed under such facility or instrument before applying such net proceeds to any other uses. If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging would cause our NAV to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have had we not leveraged, thereby magnifying losses or eliminating our equity stake in a leveraged investment. Similarly, any decrease in our net investment income will cause our net income to decline more sharply than it would have had we not borrowed. Such a decline would also negatively affect our ability to make distributions on our common stock or any outstanding preferred stock. Our ability to service our debt depends largely on our financial performance and is subject to prevailing economic conditions and competitive pressures. Our common stockholders bear the burden of any increase in our expenses as a result of our use of leverage, including interest expenses and any increase in the base management fee payable to the Advisor. As a BDC, we generally are required to meet a coverage ratio of total assets to total borrowings and other senior securities, which include our borrowings under our credit facilities and any preferred stock that we may issue in the future (although we do not anticipate issuing preferred stock in the next 12 months). The current asset coverage ratio applicable to the Company is 150%. If this ratio were to decline below the then applicable minimum asset coverage ratio, we would be unable to incur additional debt and could be required to sell a portion of our investments to repay some debt when it is disadvantageous to do so. This could have a material adverse effect on our operations, and we may not be able to make distributions in amounts sufficient to maintain our status as a RIC, or at all. Provisions in our credit facilities contain various covenants, which, if not complied with, could accelerate our repayment obligations under such facilities, thereby materially and adversely affecting our liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay distributions. Our credit facilities are backed by all or a portion of our loans and securities on which the lenders have a security interest. We may pledge up to 100% of our assets and may grant a security interest in all of our assets under the terms of any debt instrument we enter into with the lenders pursuant to our credit facilities. We expect that any security interests we grant will be set forth in a pledge and security agreement or other collateral arrangement and evidenced by the filing of financing statements by the agent for the lenders. In addition, we expect that the custodian for our securities serving as collateral for such loan would include in its electronic systems notices indicating the existence of such security interests and, following notice of occurrence of an event of default, if any, and during its continuance, will only accept transfer instructions with respect to any such securities from the lender or its designee. If we default under the terms of our credit facilities, the agent for the applicable lenders would be able to assume control of the timing of disposition of any or all of our assets securing such debt, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, any security interests and/or negative covenants contained in our credit facilities may limit our ability to create liens on assets to secure additional debt and make it difficult for us to restructure or refinance indebtedness at or prior to maturity. If our borrowing base under a credit facility decreases, we may be required to secure additional assets in an amount sufficient to cure any borrowing base deficiency. In the event that all of our assets are secured at the time of such a borrowing base deficiency, we could be required to repay indebtedness under a credit facility or make deposits to a collection account, either of which could have a material adverse impact on our ability to fund future investments and to make distributions. We have made customary representations and warranties and are required to comply with various covenants, reporting requirements (including requirements relating to portfolio performance, required minimum portfolio yield and limitations on delinquencies and charge-offs) and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. Our continued compliance with the covenants contained under the credit facilities depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control, and there can be no assurances that we will continue to comply with such covenants. Our failure to satisfy the respective covenants could result in foreclosure by the lenders under the applicable credit facility or governing instrument or acceleration by the applicable lenders or noteholders, which would accelerate our repayment obligations under the relevant agreement and thereby have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. Because the credit facilities have, and any future credit facilities will likely have, customary cross-default provisions, if the indebtedness under our credit facilities or under any future credit facility, is accelerated, we may be unable to repay or finance the amounts due. Adverse developments in the credit markets may impair our ability to enter into new credit facilities. Following the passage of Dodd-Frank, many commercial banks and other financial institutions stopped lending or significantly curtailed their lending activity. In addition, in an effort to stem losses and reduce their exposure to segments of the economy deemed to be high risk, some financial institutions limited routine refinancing and loan modification transactions and even reviewed the terms of existing facilities to identify bases for accelerating the maturity of existing lending facilities. To the extent these circumstances arise again in the future, it may be difficult for us to finance the growth of our investments on acceptable economic terms, or at all, and one or more of our credit facilities could be accelerated by the lenders. If we do not invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could fail to qualify as a BDC or be precluded from investing according to our current business strategy and such failure would decrease our operating flexibility. As a BDC, we may not acquire any assets other than “qualifying assets” unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such acquisition, at least 70% of our total assets are qualifying assets. In the future, we believe that most of our investments will constitute qualifying assets. However, we may be precluded from investing in what we believe are attractive investments if such investments are not qualifying assets for purposes of the 1940 Act. If we do not invest a sufficient portion of our assets in qualifying assets, we could violate the 1940 Act provisions applicable to BDCs. As a result of such violation, specific rules under the 1940 Act would significantly decrease our operating flexibility and could prevent us, for example, from making follow-on investments in existing portfolio companies (which could result in the dilution of our position) or could require us to dispose of investments at inappropriate times in order to come into compliance with the 1940 Act. If we need to dispose of such investments quickly, it could be difficult to dispose of such investments on favorable terms. We may not be able to find a buyer for such investments and, even if we do find a buyer, we may have to sell the investments at a substantial loss. Any such outcomes would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The majority of our portfolio investments are recorded at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments. The majority of our portfolio investments take the form of securities for which no market quotations are readily available. The fair value of securities and other investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily determinable, and we value these securities at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor, including to reflect significant events affecting the value of our securities. As discussed in more detail under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Obligations -- Investment Valuation,” most, if not all, of our investments (other than cash and cash equivalents) are classified as Level 3 under ASC Topic 820. This means that our portfolio valuations are based on unobservable inputs and our own assumptions about how market participants would price the asset or liability in question. Inputs into the determination of fair value of our portfolio investments require significant management judgment or estimation. Even if observable market data are available, such information may be the result of consensus pricing information or broker quotes, which may include a disclaimer that the broker would not be held to such a price in an actual transaction. The non-binding nature of consensus pricing and/or quotes accompanied by disclaimers materially reduces the reliability of such information. Our Level 3 investments will typically consist of instruments for which a liquid trading market does not exist. The fair value of these instruments may not be readily determinable. We will value these instruments in accordance with valuation procedures adopted by our Advisor. We intend to use the services of an independent valuation firm to review the fair value of certain instruments prepared by our Advisor. At least once annually, the valuation for each portfolio investment for which a market quote is not readily available will be reviewed by an independent valuation firm. The types of factors that the Advisor may consider in fair value pricing of our investments include, where relevant: the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the company’s ability to make interest payments, amortization payments (if any) and other fixed charges; the company’s historical and projected financial results; the markets in which the company does business; the estimated enterprise value of the company based on comparisons to publicly-traded securities, on discounted cash flows and other valuation methodologies; changes in the interest rate environments and the credit markets generally that may affect the price at which similar investments may be made; and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of non-traded instruments and private companies, are inherently uncertain, they may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates. The determination of fair value by our Advisor may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a liquid trading market for these instruments existed. Our NAV could be adversely affected if the determinations regarding the fair value of our investments were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon the disposal of such investments. We adjust quarterly (or as otherwise may be required by the 1940 Act in connection with the issuance of our shares) the valuation of our portfolio to reflect our Advisor’s determination of the fair value of each investment in our portfolio. Any changes in fair value are recorded in our consolidated statement of operations as net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation. New or modified laws or regulations governing our operations and government intervention in the credit markets generally may adversely affect our business. We and our portfolio companies are subject to regulation by laws at the U.S. federal, state and local levels. These laws and regulations, as well as their interpretation, may change from time to time, including as the result of interpretive guidance or other directives from the U.S. President and others in the executive branch, and new laws, regulations and interpretations may also come into effect. Any such new or changed laws or regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business. In particular, Dodd-Frank has impacted many aspects of the financial services industry, and it requires the development and adoption of many implementing regulations over several years. The SEC has adopted final rules for over 60 mandatory rulemaking provisions under Dodd-Frank, with several additional rules proposed but not yet adopted. While the ultimate impact of Dodd-Frank on us and our portfolio companies may not be known for an extended period of time, Dodd-Frank, including the interpretation of the rules implementing its provisions and any future rules that may be adopted, along with other legislative and regulatory proposals directed at the financial services industry or affecting taxation that may be proposed in the future, may negatively impact the operations, cash flows or financial condition of us or our portfolio companies, impose additional costs on us or our portfolio companies, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or our portfolio companies or otherwise adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies. In addition, the central banks and, in particular, the U.S. Federal Reserve, have taken unprecedented steps since the financial crises of 2008-2009 and the COVID-19 global pandemic and in response to inflationary pressures. On the other hand, recent governmental intervention could mean that the willingness of governmental bodies to take additional extraordinary action is diminished. It is impossible to predict if, how, and to what extent the United States and other governments would further intervene in credit markets. As a result, in the event of near-term major market disruptions, like those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, there might be only limited additional government intervention, resulting in correspondingly greater market dislocation and materially greater market risk. Additionally, changes to the laws and regulations governing our operations, including those associated with RICs, may cause us to alter our investment strategy in order to avail ourselves of new or different opportunities or result in the imposition of corporate-level taxes on us. Such changes could result in material differences to our strategies and plans and may shift our investment focus from the areas of expertise of the Advisor to other types of investments in which the Advisor may have little or no expertise or experience. Any such changes, if they occur, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and the value of your investment. If we invest in commodity interests in the future, the Advisor may determine not to use investment strategies that trigger additional regulation by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”), or may determine to operate subject to CFTC regulation, if applicable. If we or the Advisor were to operate subject to CFTC regulation, we may incur additional expenses and would be subject to additional regulation. In addition, certain regulations applicable to debt securitizations implementing credit risk retention requirements that have taken effect in both the U.S. and in Europe may adversely affect or prevent us from entering into any future securitization transaction. The impact of these risk retention rules on the loan securitization market are uncertain, and such rules may cause an increase in our cost of funds under or may prevent us from completing any future securitization transactions. On October 21, 2014, U.S. risk retention rules adopted pursuant to Section 941 of Dodd-Frank, or the U.S. Risk Retention Rules, were issued. The U.S. Risk Retention Rules require the sponsor (directly or through a majority-owned affiliate) of a debt securitization subject to such rules, such as collateralized loan obligations, in the absence of an exemption, to retain an economic interest in the credit risk of the assets being securitized in the form of an eligible horizontal residual interest, an eligible vertical interest, or a combination thereof, in accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Risk Retention Rules. The U.S. Risk Retention Rules became effective December 24, 2016. Given the more attractive financing costs associated with these types of debt securitization as opposed to other types of financing available (such as traditional senior secured facilities), this would, in turn, increase our financing costs. Any associated increase in financing costs would ultimately be borne by our common stockholders. On May 24, 2018, the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act was enacted, which left the architecture and core features of Dodd-Frank intact but significantly recalibrated applicability thresholds, revised various post-crisis regulatory requirements, and provided targeted regulatory relief to certain financial institutions. Among the most significant of its amendments to Dodd-Frank were a substantial increase in the $50 billion asset threshold to $250 billion for automatic regulation of bank holding companies (“BHCs”) as “systemically important financial institutions,” an exemption from the Volcker Rule for insured depository institutions with less than $10 billion in consolidated assets and lower levels of trading assets and liabilities, and amendments to the liquidity leverage ratio and supplementary leverage ratio requirements. In addition, effective October 1, 2020, the U.S. Federal Reserve, SEC and other federal agencies modified their regulations under the Volcker Rule to loosen the restrictions on financial institutions. The effects of these and any further rules or regulations that may be enacted by the federal government are and could be complex and far-reaching, and the change and any future laws or regulations or changes thereto could negatively impact our operations, cash flows or financial condition, impose additional costs on us, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Over the last several years, there also has been an increase in regulatory attention to the extension of credit outside of the traditional banking sector, raising the possibility that some portion of the non-bank financial sector will be subject to new regulation. While it cannot be known at this time whether any regulation will be implemented or what form it will take, increased regulation of non-bank credit extension could negatively impact our operations, cash flows or financial condition, impose additional costs on us, intensify the regulatory supervision of us or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Ongoing implementation of, or changes in, including changes in interpretation or enforcement of, laws and regulations could impose greater costs on us and on financial services companies and impact the value of assets we hold and our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, uncertainty regarding legislation and regulations affecting the financial services industry or taxation could also adversely impact our business or the business of our portfolio companies. If we do not comply with applicable laws and regulations, we could lose any licenses that we then hold for the conduct of our business and may be subject to civil fines and criminal penalties. Our Board may change our investment objective, operating policies and strategies without prior notice or stockholder approval, and we may temporarily deviate from our regular investment strategy. Our Board has the authority, except as otherwise provided in the 1940 Act, to modify or waive our investment objective and certain of our operating policies and strategies without prior notice and without stockholder approval. However, absent stockholder approval, we may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or withdraw our election as, a BDC. We cannot predict the effect any changes to our current investment objective, operating policies and strategies would have on our business, operating results and the price value of our common stock. Nevertheless, any such changes could adversely affect our business and impair our ability to make distributions. The Advisor can resign on 60 days’ notice, and we may not be able to find a suitable replacement within that time, resulting in a disruption in our operations that could adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations. The Advisor has the right to resign under the Investment Advisory Agreement at any time upon not less than 60 days’ written notice, whether we have found a replacement or not. If the Advisor resigns, we may not be able to find a new investment advisor or hire internal management with similar expertise and ability to provide the same or equivalent services on acceptable terms within 60 days, or at all. If we are unable to do so quickly, our operations are likely to experience a disruption, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as well as our ability to pay distributions are likely to be adversely affected and the value of our shares may decline. In addition, the coordination of our internal management and investment activities is likely to suffer if we are unable to identify and reach an agreement with a single institution or group of executives having the expertise possessed by the Advisor and its affiliates. Even if we are able to retain comparable management, whether internal or external, the integration of such management and their lack of familiarity with our investment objective may result in additional costs and time delays that may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We will incur significant costs as a result of being registered under the Exchange Act. We will incur legal, accounting and other expenses, including costs associated with the periodic reporting requirements applicable to a company whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act, as well as additional corporate governance requirements, including requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other rules implemented by the SEC. Efforts to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act will involve significant expenditures, and non-compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act would adversely affect us and the value of our shares of common stock. We are required to comply with certain requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC but will not have to comply with certain requirements until we have been registered under the Exchange Act for a specified period of time or cease to be an “emerging growth company.” Upon registering our shares of common stock under the Exchange Act, we will be subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC, and our management will be required to report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We will be required to review on an annual basis our internal control over financial reporting, and on a quarterly and annual basis to evaluate and disclose changes in our internal control over financial reporting. As a result, we expect to incur significant additional expenses that may negatively impact our financial performance and our ability to make distributions. This process will also result in a diversion of management’s time and attention. We do not know when our evaluation, testing and remediation actions will be completed or its impact on our operations. In addition, we may be unable to ensure that the process is effective or that our internal control over financial reporting is or will be effective. In the event that we are unable to come into and maintain compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules, we and the value of our securities would be adversely affected. We are highly dependent on information systems, and cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents may adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies, which may, in turn, negatively affect the value of our shares of common stock and our ability to pay distributions. Our business depends on the communications and information systems of our Advisor and its affiliates, our portfolio companies and third-party service providers. These systems are subject to potential cybersecurity attacks and incidents, including through adverse events that threaten the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information resources. Cyber hacking could also cause significant disruption and harm to the companies in which we invest. Additionally, digital and network technologies might be at risk of cyberattacks that could potentially seek unauthorized access to digital systems for purposes such as misappropriating sensitive information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. Cyberattacks might potentially be carried out by persons using techniques that could range from efforts to electronically circumvent network security or overwhelm websites to intelligence gathering and social engineering functions aimed at obtaining information necessary to gain access. These attacks could involve gaining unauthorized access to our information systems for purposes of misappropriating assets, stealing confidential information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption and result in disrupted operations, misstated or unreliable financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased cybersecurity protection and insurance costs, litigation and damage to our business relationships, any of which could, in turn, have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively affect the value of our securities and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. As our reliance on technology has increased, so have the risks posed to our information systems, both internal and those provided by the Advisor and third-party service providers. In addition, we and the Advisor currently or in the future are expected to routinely transmit and receive personal, confidential and proprietary information by email and other electronic means. We and the Advisor may not be able to ensure secure capabilities with all of our clients, vendors, service providers, counterparties and other third parties to protect the confidentiality of the information. In addition, we, the Advisor and many of our third-party service providers currently have work from home policies. Such a policy of remote working could strain our technology resources and introduce operational risks, including heightened cybersecurity risks and other risks described above. Remote working environments may be less secure and more susceptible to hacking attacks, including phishing and social engineering attempts. There is no assurance that any efforts to mitigate cybersecurity risks undertaken by us or our Advisor will be effective. Network, system, application and data breaches as a result of cybersecurity risks or cyber incidents could result in operational disruptions or information misappropriation that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition of us and of our portfolio companies. There may be trademark risk, as we do not own the Kayne Anderson name. We do not own the Kayne Anderson name, but we are permitted to use it as part of our corporate name pursuant to a license agreement with the Advisor. Use of the name by other parties or the termination of the license agreement may harm our business. Risks Relating to Our Investments We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment, and rising interest rates could affect the value of our investments and make it more difficult for portfolio companies to make periodic payments on their loans. Interest rate risk refers to the risk of market changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes affect the value of debt. In general, rising interest rates will negatively impact the price of fixed rate debt, and falling interest rates will have a positive effect on price. Adjustable-rate debt also reacts to interest rate changes in a similar manner, although generally to a lesser degree. Interest rate sensitivity is generally larger and less predictable in debt with uncertain payment or prepayment schedules. Further, rising interest rates make it more difficult for borrowers to repay debt, which could increase the risk of payment defaults. Any failure of one or more portfolio companies to repay or refinance its debt at or prior to maturity or the inability of one or more portfolio companies to make ongoing payments following an increase in contractual interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. During any period of higher-than-normal levels of inflation, such as the current inflationary environment, interest rates typically increase. Higher interest rates will increase the cost of our borrowings and may reduce returns to stockholders (including resulting in lower dividend payments by us). Further, in response to rising risk-free interest rates, market participants could require higher rates of interest on the types of loans and credit investments that we own, which would decrease the value of those investments. In an effort to control inflation, the U.S. Federal Reserve Board (the “Fed”) has sharply raised interest rates in recent years, and they remain near their highest levels in over twenty years. Other central banks globally have implemented similar rate increases. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise (e.g., central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, or general economic conditions). Although recently both the Fed and other central banks globally have begun lowering rates, there is no certainty that further reductions will occur. There is no assurance that the actions being taken by the Fed will improve the outlook for long-term inflation or whether they might result in a recession. A recession could lead to declined employment, global demand destruction and/or business failures, which may result in a decline in the value of our portfolio. In addition, increased interest rates could increase our cost of borrowing and reduce the return on leverage to common stockholders. Our business is dependent on bank relationships and recent strain on the banking system may adversely impact us. The financial markets recently have encountered volatility associated with concerns about the balance sheets of banks, especially small and regional banks, which may have significant losses associated with investments that make it difficult to fund demands to withdraw deposits and other liquidity needs. Although the federal government has announced measures to assist these banks and protect depositors, some banks have already been impacted and others may be materially and adversely impacted. Our business is dependent on bank relationships and we are proactively monitoring the financial health of such bank relationships. Continued strain on the banking system may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. To the extent that our portfolio companies work with banks that are negatively impacted by the foregoing, such portfolio companies’ ability to access their own cash, cash equivalents and investments may be threatened. In addition, such affected portfolio companies may not be able to enter into new banking arrangements or credit facilities or receive the benefits of their existing banking arrangements or facilities. Any such developments could harm our business, financial condition, and operating results, and prevent us from fully implementing our investment plan. Continued strain on the banking system may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Limitations of investment due diligence expose us to investment risk. Our due diligence may not reveal all of a portfolio company’s liabilities and may not reveal other weaknesses in its business. We can offer no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts that would be material to an investment decision. Before making an investment in, or a loan to, a company, the Advisor will assess the strength and skills of a company’s management and other factors that it believes are material to the performance of the investment. In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, the Advisor will rely on the resources available to it and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. This process is particularly important and highly subjective with respect to newly organized entities because there may be little or no information publicly available about those entities. We may make investments in, or loans to, companies that are not subject to public company reporting requirements including requirements regarding preparation of financial statements, and our portfolio companies may utilize divergent reporting standards that may make it difficult for the Advisor to accurately assess the prior performance of a portfolio company. We will, therefore, depend upon the compliance by investment companies with their contractual reporting obligations. As a result, the evaluation of potential investments and our ability to perform due diligence on and effectively monitor investments may be impeded, and we may not realize the returns which we expect on any particular investment. In the event of fraud by any company in which we invest or with respect to which we make a loan, we may suffer a partial or total loss of the amounts invested in that company. We invest in highly leveraged companies, which could cause us to lose all or a part of our investment in those companies. Investment in leveraged companies involves a number of significant risks. Leveraged companies in which we invest may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities that we hold. Such developments may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of our realizing any guarantees that we may have obtained in connection with our investment. In addition, leveraged companies may experience bankruptcy or similar financial distress that may adversely and permanently affect the issuer, in addition to risks associated with the duration and administrative costs of bankruptcy proceedings. Smaller leveraged companies and middle market companies also may have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance their expansion or maintain their competitive position. Middle market companies may have limited financial resources, may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt securities that we hold, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of our realizing any guarantees we may have obtained in connection with our investment. In addition, such companies typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns. Middle market companies are also more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons, and the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on our portfolio company and, in turn, on us. The debt that we invest in is typically not rated by any rating agency, but we believe that if such investments were rated, they would be below investment grade (rated lower than “Baa3” by Moody’s Investors Service, lower than “BBB-” by Fitch Ratings or lower than “BBB-” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services), which under the guidelines established by these rating entities is an indication of having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” Therefore, our investments will result in an above average amount of risk and volatility or loss of principal. We are subject to risks associated with our investments in unitranche secured loans and securities, including the potential loss of all or part of such investments. We invest in unitranche secured loans, which are a combination of senior secured and junior secured debt in the same facility. Unitranche secured loans provide all of the debt needed to finance a leveraged buyout or other corporate transaction, both senior and junior, but generally in a first-lien position, while the borrower generally pays a blended, uniform interest rate rather than different rates for different tranches. Unitranche secured debt generally requires payments of both principal and interest throughout the life of the loan. Generally, we expect these securities to carry a blended yield that is between senior secured and junior debt interest rates. Unitranche secured loans provide a number of advantages for borrowers, including the following: simplified documentation, greater certainty of execution and reduced decision-making complexity throughout the life of the loan. In some cases, a portion of the total interest may accrue or be paid in kind. Because unitranche secured loans combine characteristics of senior and junior financing, unitranche secured loans have risks similar to the risks associated with senior secured and second-lien loans and junior debt in varying degrees according to the combination of loan characteristics of the unitranche secured loan. Our investments in securities that are rated below investment grade (i.e. “junk bonds”) may be risky and we could lose all or part of our investments. We invest in securities that are rated below investment grade by rating agencies or that would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Below investment grade securities, which are often referred to as “junk,” have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be difficult to value and illiquid. The major risks of below investment grade securities include: Below investment grade securities may be issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of below investment grade securities may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade securities. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of holders of below investment grade securities, leaving few or no assets available to repay holders of below investment grade securities. Prices of below investment grade securities are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Adverse changes in an issuer’s industry and general economic conditions may have a greater impact on the prices of below investment grade securities than on other higher-rated fixed-income securities. Issuers of below investment grade securities may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments, or the unavailability of additional financing. Below investment grade securities frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from us before it matures. If the issuer redeems below investment grade securities, we may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields and may lose income. Below investment grade securities may be less liquid than higher-rated fixed-income securities, even under normal economic conditions. There are fewer dealers in the below investment grade securities market, and there may be significant differences in the prices quoted by the dealers. Judgment may play a greater role in valuing these securities and we may be unable to sell these securities at an advantageous time or price. We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer. Defaults by our portfolio companies, including defaults relating to collateral, will harm our operating results. A portfolio company’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by us or other lenders could lead to defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize such company’s ability to meet its obligations under the debt securities that we hold. We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting portfolio company. In addition, lenders in certain cases can be subject to lender liability claims for actions taken by them when they become too involved in the borrower’s business or exercise control over a borrower. It is possible that we could become subject to a lender’s liability claim, including as a result of actions taken if we render managerial assistance to the borrower. Moreover, some of the loans in which we may invest may be “covenant-lite” loans. We use the term “covenant-lite” loans to refer generally to loans that do not have a complete set of financial maintenance covenants. Generally, “covenant-lite” loans provide borrower companies more freedom to negatively impact lenders because their covenants are incurrence-based, which means they are only tested and can only be breached following an affirmative action of the borrower, rather than by a deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition. Accordingly, to the extent we invest in “covenant-lite” loans, we may have fewer rights against a borrower and may have a greater risk of loss on such investments as compared to investments in or exposure to loans with financial maintenance covenants. Certain debt investments that we make in portfolio companies will be secured on a second priority basis by the same collateral securing senior debt of such companies. The first priority liens on the collateral will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under any outstanding senior debt and may secure certain other future debt that may be permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under the agreements governing the debt. The holders of obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral will generally control the liquidation of and be entitled to receive proceeds from any realization of the collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of the collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from the sale or sales of all of the collateral would be sufficient to satisfy the debt obligations secured by the second priority liens after payment in full of all obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral. If such proceeds are not sufficient to repay amounts outstanding under the debt obligations secured by the second priority liens, then we, to the extent not repaid from the proceeds of the sale of the collateral, will only have an unsecured claim against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any. We may also make unsecured debt investments in portfolio companies in the form of borrowings under credit facilities, meaning that such investments will not benefit from any interest in collateral of such companies. Liens on such portfolio companies’ collateral, if any, will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under its outstanding secured debt and may secure certain future debt that is permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under its secured debt agreements. The holders of obligations secured by such liens will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of such collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of such collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of such collateral would be sufficient to satisfy our unsecured debt obligations after payment in full of all secured debt obligations. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay the outstanding secured debt obligations, then our unsecured claims would rank equally with the unpaid portion of such secured creditors’ claims against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any. The rights we may have with respect to the collateral securing any junior priority loans we make in our portfolio companies may also be limited pursuant to the terms of one or more intercreditor agreements that we enter into with the holders of senior debt. Under such an intercreditor agreement, at any time that senior obligations are outstanding, we may forfeit certain rights with respect to the collateral to the holders of these senior obligations. These rights may include the right to commence enforcement proceedings against the collateral, the right to control the conduct of such enforcement proceedings, the right to approve amendments to collateral documents, the right to release liens on the collateral and the right to waive past defaults under collateral documents. We may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if as a result our rights as junior lenders are adversely affected. The lack of liquidity and price decline in our investments may adversely affect our business, including by reducing our NAV through increased net unrealized depreciation. We may invest in companies that are experiencing financial difficulties, which difficulties may never be overcome. Our investments will be illiquid in most cases, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to realize on such investments in a timely manner. A substantial portion of our investments in leveraged companies are and will be subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or will otherwise be less liquid than more broadly traded public securities. The illiquidity of these investments may make it difficult for us to sell such investments if the need arises. As a BDC, we are required to carry our investments at market value or, if no market value is ascertainable, at fair value as determined in good faith by our Advisor. As part of the valuation process, we may take into account the following types of factors, if relevant, in determining the fair value of our investments:
In addition, if we are required to liquidate all or a portion of our portfolio quickly, we may realize significantly less than the value at which we have previously recorded our investments. We may also face other restrictions on our ability to liquidate an investment in a portfolio company to the extent that we, the Advisor or any of its affiliates have material nonpublic information regarding such portfolio company. In addition, we generally expect to invest in securities, instruments and assets that are not, and are not expected to become, publicly traded. We will generally not be able to sell securities publicly unless the sale is registered under applicable securities laws, or unless an exemption from such registration requirements is available. In certain cases, we may also be prohibited by contract from selling an investment for a period of time or otherwise be restricted from disposing of the investment. Furthermore, certain types of investments expected to be made may require a substantial length of time to realize a return or fully liquidate. When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, we use the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate our valuation. We record decreases in the market values or fair values of our investments as unrealized depreciation. Declines in prices and liquidity in the corporate debt markets may result in significant net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio. The effect of all of these factors on our portfolio may reduce our NAV by increasing net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio. Depending on market conditions, we could incur substantial realized losses and may suffer additional unrealized losses in future periods, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Further, in connection with the disposition of an investment in a portfolio company, we may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of the portfolio company, or we may be responsible for the contents of disclosure documents under applicable securities laws. We may also be required to indemnify the purchasers of such investment or underwriters to the extent that any such representations or disclosure documents turn out to be incorrect, inaccurate or misleading. These arrangements may result in contingent liabilities, for which we may establish reserves or escrows. However, we can offer no assurance that we will adequately reserve for our contingent liabilities and that such liabilities will not have an adverse effect on us. Such contingent liabilities might ultimately have to be funded by proceeds, including the return of capital, from our other investments. Our portfolio companies may prepay loans, which may reduce our yields if capital returned cannot be invested in transactions with equal or greater expected yields. The loans in our investment portfolio may be prepaid at any time, generally with little advance notice. Whether a loan is prepaid will depend both on the continued positive performance of the portfolio company and the existence of favorable financing market conditions that allow such company the ability to replace existing financing with less expensive capital. As market conditions change, we do not know when, and if, prepayment may be possible for each portfolio company. In some cases, the prepayment of a loan may reduce our achievable yield if the capital returned cannot be invested in transactions with equal or greater expected yields, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our portfolio companies may be unable to repay or refinance outstanding principal on their loans at or prior to maturity. We have a maturity policy between three to six years for our debt investments. The portfolio companies in which we invest may be unable to repay or refinance outstanding principal on their loans at or prior to maturity. This risk and the risk of default are increased to the extent that the loan documents do not require the portfolio companies to pay down the outstanding principal of such debt prior to maturity. As a result, once our investments mature, we will need to seek new investments for such capital. Any failure of one or more portfolio companies to repay or refinance its debt at or prior to maturity or the inability of one or more portfolio companies to make ongoing payments following an increase in contractual interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Our investments in portfolio companies may expose us to environmental risks. We may invest in companies engaged in the ownership (direct or indirect), operation, management or development of real properties that may contain hazardous or toxic substances, and, therefore, may be potentially liable for removal or remediation costs, as well as certain other costs, including governmental fines and liabilities for injuries to persons and property. The existence of any such material environmental liability could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations, cash flow and share price of any such portfolio company. As a result, our investment performance could suffer substantially. There can be no guarantee that all costs and risks regarding compliance with environmental laws and regulations can be identified. New and more stringent environmental and health and safety laws, regulations and permit requirements or stricter interpretations of current laws or regulations could impose substantial additional costs on portfolio investment or potential investments. Compliance with such current or future environmental requirements does not ensure that the operations of the portfolio investments will not cause injury to the environment or to people under all circumstances or that the portfolio investments will not be required to incur additional unforeseen environmental expenditures. Moreover, failure to comply with any such requirements could have a material adverse effect on an investment, and we can offer no assurance that the portfolio investments will at all times comply with all applicable environmental laws, regulations and permit requirements. We are a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and therefore we are not limited with respect to the proportion of our assets that may be invested in securities of a single issuer. We are classified as a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, which means that we are not limited by the 1940 Act with respect to the proportion of our assets that we may invest in securities of a single issuer. To the extent that we assume large positions in the securities of a small number of issuers, our NAV may fluctuate to a greater extent than that of a diversified investment company as a result of changes in the financial condition or the market’s assessment of the issuer. We may also be more susceptible to any single economic or regulatory occurrence than a diversified investment company. Beyond our asset diversification requirements as a RIC under the Code, we do not have fixed guidelines for diversification, and our investments could be concentrated in relatively few portfolio companies. Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries, which will subject us to a risk of significant loss if any of these companies defaults on its obligations under any of its debt instruments or if there is a downturn in a particular industry. Our portfolio may be concentrated in a limited number of portfolio companies and industries. As a result, the aggregate returns we realize may be significantly and adversely affected if a small number of investments perform poorly or if we need to write down the value of any one investment. Additionally, while we are not targeting any specific industries, our investments may be concentrated in relatively few industries. For example, although we may classify the industries of our portfolio companies by end-market (such as health market or business services) and not by the products or services (such as software) directed to those end-markets, some of our portfolio companies may principally provide software products or services, which exposes us to downturns in that sector. As a result, a downturn in any particular industry in which we are invested could also significantly impact the aggregate returns we realize. Our failure to make follow-on investments in our portfolio companies could impair the value of our portfolio. Following an initial investment in a portfolio company, we may make additional investments in that portfolio company as “follow-on” investments, in seeking to:
We have discretion to make follow-on investments, subject to the availability of capital resources. Failure on our part to make follow-on investments may, in some circumstances, jeopardize the continued viability of a portfolio company and our initial investment, or may result in a missed opportunity for us to increase our participation in a successful portfolio company. Even if we have sufficient capital to make a desired follow-on investment, we may elect not to make a follow-on investment because we may not want to increase our level of risk, because we prefer other opportunities or because of regulatory or other considerations. Our ability to make follow-on investments may also be limited by the Advisor’s allocation policy. Because we generally do not hold controlling equity interests in our portfolio companies, we may not be able to exercise control over our portfolio companies or to prevent decisions by management of our portfolio companies that could decrease the value of our investments and there is no assurance that portfolio company management will be able to operate their companies in accordance with our expectations. To the extent that we do not hold controlling equity interests in portfolio companies, we will have a limited ability to protect our position in such portfolio companies. We may also co-invest with third parties through partnerships, joint ventures or other entities. Such investments may involve risks in connection with such third-party involvement, including the possibility that a third-party co-investor may have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours or may be in a position to take (or block) action in a manner contrary to our investment objective. In those circumstances where such third parties involve a management group, such third parties may receive compensation arrangements relating to such investments, including incentive compensation arrangements. Furthermore, the day-to-day operations of each portfolio company in which we invest will be the responsibility of that portfolio company’s management team. Although we will be responsible for monitoring the performance of each investment and generally intend to invest in portfolio companies operated by strong management, there can be no assurance that the existing management team, or any successor, will be able to operate any such portfolio company in accordance with our expectations. There can be no assurance that a portfolio company will be successful in retaining key members of its management team, the loss of whom could have a material adverse effect on us. Although we generally intend to invest in companies with strong management, there can be no assurance that the existing management of such companies will continue to operate a company successfully. Our portfolio companies may incur debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, our investments in such companies and such portfolio companies may not generate sufficient cash flow to service their debt obligations to us. We may invest a portion of our capital in second lien and subordinated loans issued by our portfolio companies. Our portfolio companies may have, or be permitted to incur, other debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, the debt securities in which we invest. Such subordinated investments are subject to greater risk of default than senior obligations as a result of adverse changes in the financial condition of the obligor or in general economic conditions. If we make a subordinated investment in a portfolio company, the portfolio company may be highly leveraged, and its relatively high debt-to-equity ratio may create increased risks that its operations might not generate sufficient cash flow to service all of its debt obligations. By their terms, such debt instruments may provide that the holders are entitled to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on which we are entitled to receive payments in respect of the securities in which we invest. These debt instruments would usually prohibit the portfolio companies from paying interest on or repaying our investments in the event of and during the continuance of a default under such debt. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a portfolio company, holders of securities ranking senior to our investment in that portfolio company would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before we receive any distribution in respect of our investment. After repaying senior creditors, the portfolio company may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to us where we are junior creditor. In the case of debt ranking equally with debt securities in which we invest, we would have to share any distributions on an equal and ratable basis with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company. Additionally, certain loans that we make to portfolio companies may be secured on a second priority basis by the same collateral securing senior secured debt of such companies. The first priority liens on the collateral will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under any outstanding senior debt and may secure certain other future debt that may be permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under the agreements governing the loans. The holders of obligations secured by first priority liens on the collateral will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of the collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of the collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of all of the collateral would be sufficient to satisfy the loan obligations secured by the second priority liens after payment in full of all obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay amounts outstanding under the loan obligations secured by the second priority liens, then we, to the extent not repaid from the proceeds of the sale of the collateral, will only have an unsecured claim against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any. We may make unsecured loans to portfolio companies, meaning that such loans will not benefit from any interest in collateral of such companies. Liens on a portfolio company’s collateral, if any, will secure the portfolio company’s obligations under its outstanding secured debt and may secure certain future debt that is permitted to be incurred by the portfolio company under its secured loan agreements. The holders of obligations secured by such liens will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of such collateral to repay their obligations in full before us. In addition, the value of such collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that the proceeds, if any, from sales of such collateral would be sufficient to satisfy our unsecured loan obligations after payment in full of all loans secured by collateral. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay the outstanding secured loan obligations, then our unsecured claims would rank equally with the unpaid portion of such secured creditors’ claims against the portfolio company’s remaining assets, if any. The rights we may have with respect to the collateral securing any junior priority loans we make to our portfolio companies may also be limited pursuant to the terms of one or more intercreditor agreements that we enter into with the holders of senior debt. Under a typical intercreditor agreement, at any time that obligations that have the benefit of the first priority liens are outstanding, any of the following actions that may be taken in respect of the collateral will be at the direction of the holders of the obligations secured by the first priority liens:
We may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if our rights as junior lenders are adversely affected. The disposition of our investments may result in contingent liabilities. A significant portion of our investments will involve private securities. In connection with the disposition of an investment in private securities, we may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of the portfolio company typical of those made in connection with the sale of a business. We may also be required to indemnify the purchasers of such investment to the extent that any such representations turn out to be inaccurate or with respect to potential liabilities. These arrangements may result in contingent liabilities that ultimately result in funding obligations that we must satisfy through our return of distributions previously made to us. The Advisor’s and Administrator’s liability is limited, and we have agreed to indemnify each against certain liabilities, which may lead them to act in a riskier manner on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account. Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor does not assume any responsibility to us other than to render the services called for under that agreement, and it is not responsible for any action of our Board in following or declining to follow the Advisor’s advice or recommendations. Under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor, its officers, members, personnel and any person controlling or controlled by the Advisor are not liable to us, any subsidiary of ours, our directors, our stockholders or any subsidiary’s stockholders or partners for acts or omissions performed in accordance with and pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, except those resulting from acts constituting willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the Advisor’s duties under the Investment Advisory Agreement. In addition, we have agreed to indemnify the Advisor and each of its officers, directors, members, managers and employees from and against any claims or liabilities, including reasonable legal fees and other expenses reasonably incurred, arising out of or in connection with our business and operations or any action taken or omitted on our behalf pursuant to authority granted by the Investment Advisory Agreement, except where attributable to willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such person’s duties under the Investment Advisory Agreement. Similarly, the Administrator and certain specified parties providing administrative services pursuant to the relevant agreement are not liable to us or our stockholders for, and we have agreed to indemnify them for, any claims or losses arising out of the good faith performance of their duties or obligations, except where attributable to willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the Administrator’s duties. These protections may lead the Advisor or the Administrator to act in a riskier manner when acting on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account. We are subject to risks under hedging transactions and our ability to enter into transactions involving derivatives and financial commitment transactions may be limited. Although we do not engage in hedging transactions as a principal investment strategy, we may engage in hedging transactions in the form of interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors, intended to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations to the limited extent such transactions are permitted under the 1940 Act and applicable commodities laws. Engaging in hedging transactions would entail additional risks to our stockholders. In addition, we are subject to legislation that may limit our ability to enter into such transactions. For example, in August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, regarding the ability of a BDC (or a registered investment company) to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the rule, BDCs that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit, adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting requirements. These requirements apply unless the BDC qualifies as a “limited derivatives user,” as defined under the adopted rules. Under the rule, a BDC may enter into an unfunded commitment agreement that is not a derivatives transaction, such as an agreement to provide financing to a portfolio company, if the BDC has, among other things, a reasonable belief, at the time it enters into such an agreement, that it will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as it becomes due. We intend to operate under the limited derivatives user exemption of Rule 18f-4 and have adopted written policies and procedures reasonably designed to manage our derivatives risk pursuant to Rule 18f-4. Collectively, these requirements may limit our ability to use derivatives and/or enter into certain other financial contracts. We qualify as a “limited derivatives user,” and as a result the requirements applicable to us under Rule 18f-4 may limit our ability to use derivatives and enter into certain other financial contracts. However, if we fail to qualify as a limited derivatives user and become subject to the additional requirements under Rule 18f-4, compliance with such requirements may increase cost of doing business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Future legislation or rules may modify how we treat derivatives and other financial arrangements for purposes of our compliance with the leverage limitations of the 1940 Act and, therefore, may increase or decrease the amount of leverage currently available to us under the 1940 Act, which may be materially adverse to us and our stockholders. In each such case, we generally would seek to hedge against fluctuations of the relative values of our portfolio positions from changes in market interest rates. Hedging against a decline in the values of our portfolio positions would not eliminate the possibility of fluctuations in the values of such positions or prevent losses if the values of the positions declined. However, such hedging could establish other positions designed to gain from those same developments, thereby offsetting the decline in the value of such portfolio positions. Such hedging transactions could also limit the opportunity for gain if the values of the underlying portfolio positions increased. Moreover, it might not be possible to hedge against an exchange rate or interest rate fluctuation that was so generally anticipated that we would not be able to enter into a hedging transaction at an acceptable price. Use of a hedging transaction could involve counterparty credit risk. The success of any hedging transactions we may enter into will depend on our ability to correctly predict movements in interest rates. Therefore, while we may enter into hedging transactions to seek to reduce interest rate risks, unanticipated changes in interest rates could result in poorer overall investment performance than if we had not engaged in any such hedging transactions. In addition, the degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price movements in the portfolio positions being hedged could vary. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, we might not seek to (or be able to) establish a perfect correlation between the hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Any such imperfect correlation could prevent us from achieving the intended hedge and expose us to risk of loss. Our ability to engage in hedging transactions may also be adversely affected by rules adopted by the CFTC. We may not realize gains from our equity investments. When we invest in loans, we may acquire warrants or other equity securities of portfolio companies as well. We may also invest in equity securities directly. To the extent we hold equity investments, we will seek to dispose of them and realize gains upon our disposition of them. However, the equity interests we receive may not appreciate in value and may decline in value. As a result, we may not be able to realize gains from our equity interests, and any gains that we do realize on the disposition of any equity interests may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience. To the extent that we borrow under credit facilities, the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested in us will be magnified and may increase the risk of investing in us. Borrowings under credit facilities may also adversely affect the return on our assets, reduce cash available to service our debt or for distribution to our stockholders, and result in losses. The use of leverage in the form of borrowings under credit facilities increases the volatility of investments by magnifying the potential for gain or loss on invested equity capital. Since we use leverage in the form of borrowings under credit facilities to partially finance our investments, you will experience increased risks of investing in our securities. If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging will cause NAV to decline more sharply than it otherwise would if we had not borrowed under the credit facilities. Similarly, any decrease in our income would cause net income to decline more sharply than it would have if we had not borrowed under the credit facilities. Such a decline could negatively affect our ability to service our debt or make distributions to our stockholders. In addition, our stockholders will bear the burden of any increase in our expenses as a result of our use of leverage, including interest expenses and any increase in the management fees payable to our Advisor. The amount of borrowings under credit facilities depends on our Advisor’s and our Board’s assessment of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing under credit facilities. We can offer no assurance that leveraged financing will be available to us on favorable terms or at all. However, to the extent that we use leverage to finance our assets, our financing costs will reduce cash available for servicing our debt or distributions to stockholders. Moreover, we may not be able to meet our financing obligations and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our assets to liquidation or sale to satisfy the obligations. In such an event, we may be forced to sell assets at significantly depressed prices due to market conditions or otherwise, which may result in losses. We are subject to risks associated with our investment and trading of liquid credit (i.e., broadly syndicated loans). From time to time, we may invest in liquid credit (i.e., broadly syndicated loans) that may be traded in public or institutional financial markets for which there is a more active market than some of our other investments. These investments may expose us to various risks, including with respect to liquidity, price volatility, interest rate risk, ability to restructure in the event of distress, credit risks and less protective issuing documentation, than is the case with the loans to middle market companies that comprise nearly all of our debt investments. Certain of these instruments may be fixed rate assets, thereby exposing us to interest rate risk in the valuation of such investments. Additionally, the financial markets in which these assets may be traded are subject to significant volatility (including due to macroeconomic conditions), which may impact the value of such investments and our ability to sell such instruments without incurring losses. The foregoing may result in volatility in the valuation of our liquid credit investments, which would, in turn, impact our NAV. Similarly, a sudden and significant increase in market interest rates may increase the risk of payment defaults and cause a decline in the value of these investments and in our NAV. We may sell our liquid credit investments from time to time in order to generate proceeds for use in our investment program, and we may suffer losses in connection with any such sales, due to the foregoing factors. We may not realize gains from our liquid credit investments and any gains that we realize may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience. Our investments in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry face considerable uncertainties including significant regulatory challenges. Our investments in portfolio companies that operate in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry represent approximately 20.9% of our total portfolio as of December 31, 2024. Portfolio companies in the Trading Companies & Distributors industry are subject to many risks, including the negative impact of regulation, a competitive marketplace, decreased consumer demand and supply-chain disruptions. In recent years, supply-chain disruptions and global trade policies have had a negative impact on these industries and as Trading Companies & Distributors represent a significant portion of our investments, such adverse business and/or economic conditions have also impacted our portfolio. Adverse economic, business, or regulatory developments affecting the Trading Companies & Distributors industry, including trade policies, treaties and tariffs between the United States and other countries, could have a negative impact on the value of our investments in portfolio companies operating in this industry, and therefore could negatively impact our business and results of operations. Risks Relating to Our Common Stock There is no public market for our shares of common stock, and no market for our shares of common stock may develop in the future. There is no existing trading market for our shares of common stock, and no market for our shares of common stock may develop in the future. If developed, any such market may not be sustained. In the absence of a trading market, holders of our shares of common stock may be unable to liquidate an investment in our shares. There are restrictions on the ability of holders of our Common Stock to transfer shares in excess of the restrictions typically associated with a private offering of securities under Regulation D and other exemptions from registration under the Securities Act, and these additional restrictions could further limit the liquidity of an investment in our shares of common stock and the price at which holders may be able to sell the shares. We are relying on an exemption from registration under the Securities Act and state securities laws in offering our shares of common stock pursuant to the Subscription Agreements. As such, absent an effective registration statement covering our Common Stock, such shares may be resold only in transactions that are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and with our prior consent. Our Common Stock has limited transferability which could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change of control of the Company that might involve a premium price for our securities or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders. Certain provisions of the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, and actions of our Board could deter takeover attempts and have an adverse impact on the value of common stock. The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), contains provisions that may discourage, delay or make more difficult a change in control of us or the removal of our directors. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that limit liability and provide for indemnification of our directors and officers. These provisions and others which we may adopt also may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management. We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, the application of which is subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act. This section generally prohibits us from engaging in mergers and other business combinations with stockholders that beneficially own 15% or more of our voting stock, either individually or together with their affiliates, unless our directors or stockholders approve the business combination in the prescribed manner. Section 203 of the DGCL may discourage third parties from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating such an offer. We have also adopted measures that may make it difficult for a third party to obtain control of us, including provisions of our certificate of incorporation that classify our Board of Directors in three classes serving staggered three-year terms, and provisions of our certificate of incorporation authorizing our Board of Directors to classify or reclassify shares of our preferred stock in one or more classes or series, and to cause the issuance of additional shares of our stock. These provisions, as well as other provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, may delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control in circumstances that could give our stockholders the opportunity to realize a premium of the NAV of our shares of common stock. During extended periods of capital market disruption and instability, there is a risk that you may not receive distributions or that our distributions may not grow over time and a portion of our distributions may be a return of capital. We intend to make periodic distributions to our stockholders out of assets legally available for distribution. We cannot assure you that we will achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. Our ability to pay distributions might be adversely affected by the impact of one or more of the risk factors described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Due to the asset coverage test applicable to us under the 1940 Act as a BDC, we may be limited in our ability to make distributions. If we declare a distribution and if more stockholders opt to receive cash distributions rather than participate in our dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”), we may be forced to sell some of our investments in order to make cash distribution payments. To the extent we make distributions to stockholders that include a return of capital, such portion of the distribution essentially constitutes a return of the stockholder’s investment. Although such return of capital may not be taxable, such distributions may increase an investor’s tax liability for capital gains upon the future sale of our Common Stock. A return of capital distribution may cause a stockholder to recognize a capital gain from the sale of our Common Stock even if the stockholder sells its shares for less than the original purchase price. Investing in our Common Stock may involve an above average degree of risk. The investments we make in accordance with our investment objective may result in a higher amount of risk than alternative investment options and a higher risk of volatility or loss of principal. Our investments in portfolio companies involve higher levels of risk, and therefore, an investment in our shares may not be suitable for someone with lower risk tolerance. In addition, our Common Stock is intended for long-term investors who can accept the risks of investing primarily in illiquid loans and other debt or debt-like instruments and should not be treated as a trading vehicle. A stockholder’s interest in us will be diluted if we issue additional shares, which could reduce the overall value of an investment in us. Our stockholders do not have preemptive rights to any shares of common stock we issue in the future. To the extent that we issue additional equity interests at or below NAV your percentage ownership interest in us may be diluted. In addition, depending upon the terms and pricing of any future and the value of our investments, you may also experience dilution in the book value and fair value of your shares of common stock. Under the 1940 Act, we generally are prohibited from issuing or selling our shares of common stock at a price below NAV per share, which may be a disadvantage as compared with certain public companies. We may, however, sell our shares of common stock, or warrants, options, or rights to acquire our shares of common stock, at a price below the current NAV of our shares of common stock if our Board of Directors determines that such sale is in our best interests and the best interests of our stockholders, and our stockholders, including a majority of those stockholders that are not affiliated with us, approve such sale. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of our Board of Directors, closely approximates the fair value of such securities (less any distributing commission or discount). If we raise additional funds by issuing our shares of common stock or senior securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our shares of common stock, then the percentage ownership of our stockholders at that time will decrease and you will experience dilution. In the event that we enter into a Subscription Agreement with one or more investors after the Initial Closing, each such investor will be required to make Catch-up Purchases on one or more dates to be determined by us. Each Catch-up Purchase will dilute the ownership percentage of all investors whose subscriptions were accepted at previous closings. As a result, each subsequent closing after the Initial Closing will result in existing stockholders experiencing dilution as a result of Catch-up Purchases. In addition, distributions declared in cash payable to stockholders that are participants in our DRIP will generally be automatically reinvested in our shares of common stock. As a result, stockholders that do not participate in our DRIP may experience dilution over time. We may be subject to risks that arise from newly enacted federal tax legislation and our stockholders may receive our shares of Common Stock as dividends, which could result in adverse tax consequences to them. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, among other things, introduced a 15% book minimum tax on larger corporations, a 1% excise tax on stock buybacks and increased investment in the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to aid in the enforcement of tax laws. The impact of such legislation, as well as federal tax legislation proposed but not yet enacted, on us, our stockholders and entities in which we may invest is uncertain. Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the effects of the new legislation on an investment in us. In order to satisfy the annual distribution requirement applicable to RICs, we will have the ability to declare a large portion of a dividend in our shares of common stock instead of in cash. As long as a portion of such dividend is paid in cash (which portion may be as low as 20% of such dividend) and certain requirements are met, the entire distribution will be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a stockholder generally would be subject to tax on 100% of the fair market value of the dividend on the date the dividend is received by the stockholder in the same manner as a cash dividend, even though most of the dividend was paid in our shares of common stock. We currently do not intend to pay dividends in our shares of common stock. We may in the future determine to issue preferred stock, which could adversely affect the value of shares of Common Stock. The issuance of preferred stock with dividend or conversion rights, liquidation preferences or other economic terms favorable to the holders of preferred stock could make an investment in shares of Common Stock less attractive. In addition, the dividends on any preferred stock we issue must be cumulative. Payment of dividends and repayment of the liquidation preference of preferred stock must take preference over any distributions or other payments to holders of Common Stock, and holders of preferred stock are not subject to any of our expenses or losses and are not entitled to participate in any income or appreciation in excess of their stated preference (other than convertible preferred stock that converts into shares of Common Stock). In addition, under the 1940 Act, preferred stock would constitute a “senior security” for purposes of the 150% asset coverage test. We do not currently anticipate issuing preferred stock. General Risk Factors Global economic, political and market conditions, including uncertainty about the financial stability of the United States, could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The current worldwide financial markets situation, as well as various social and political tensions in the United States and around the world (including wars and other forms of conflict, terrorist acts, security operations and catastrophic events such as fires, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes and global health epidemics), may contribute to increased market volatility, may have long term effects on the United States and worldwide financial markets, and may cause economic uncertainties or deterioration in the United States and worldwide. For example, ongoing armed conflicts between Russia and Ukraine in Europe and among Israel, Hamas and other militant groups in the Middle East, have caused and could continue to cause significant market disruptions and volatility within the markets in Russia, Europe, the Middle East and the United States. In addition, the current political climate has intensified concerns about trade tariffs and a potential trade war between the United States and certain foreign countries, including China, Mexico and Canada, among others. These consequences may trigger a significant reduction in international trade, shortages or oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price increases or decreases of goods, inflationary pressures, and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of the foreign export industry with a potentially negative impact on the value of our investments. In addition, the political reunification of China and Taiwan, over which China continues to claim sovereignty, is a highly complex issue that has included threats of invasion by China. Any escalation of hostility between China and/or Taiwan would likely have a significant adverse impact not only on the value of investments in both countries, but also on economies and financial markets globally. We do not currently have portfolio investments with direct exposure to the Middle East, China, Taiwan, Russia or Ukraine, but because of the increasing interconnectedness of global economies and financial markets, events in these regions could negatively affect the value of our investments. Political, social and economic uncertainty creates and exacerbates risks. Social, political, economic and other conditions and events (such as natural disasters, epidemics and pandemics, terrorism, conflicts and social unrest) will occur that create uncertainty and have significant impacts on issuers, industries, governments and other systems, including the financial markets, to which companies and their investments are exposed. As global systems, economies and financial markets are increasingly interconnected, events that once had only local impact are now more likely to have regional or even global effects. Events that occur in one country, region or financial market will, more frequently, adversely impact issuers in other countries, regions or markets, including in established markets such as the U.S. Such risks include the large-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia that began in February 2022, heightened tensions between China and Taiwan, the recent outbreak of hostilities in the Middle East, or the effect on world leaders and governments of global health pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These impacts can be exacerbated by failures of governments and societies to adequately respond to an emerging event or threat. We do not currently have portfolio investments with direct exposure to the Middle East, China, Taiwan, Russia or Ukraine, but because of the increasing interconnectedness of global economies and financial markets, events in these regions could negatively affect the value of our investments. Uncertainty can result in or coincide with, among other things: increased volatility in the financial markets for securities, derivatives, loans, credit and currency; a decrease in the reliability of market prices and difficulty in valuing assets (including portfolio company assets); greater fluctuations in spreads on debt investments and currency exchange rates; increased risk of default (by both government and private obligors and issuers); further social, economic, and political instability; nationalization of private enterprise; greater governmental involvement in the economy or in social factors that impact the economy; changes to governmental regulation and supervision of the loan, securities, derivatives and currency markets and market participants and decreased or revised monitoring of such markets by governments or self-regulatory organizations and reduced enforcement of regulations; limitations on the activities of investors in such markets; controls or restrictions on foreign investment, capital controls and limitations on repatriation of invested capital; the significant loss of liquidity and the inability to purchase, sell and otherwise fund investments or settle transactions (including, but not limited to, a market freeze); unavailability of currency hedging techniques; substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation, which can last many years and have substantial negative effects on credit and securities markets as well as the economy as a whole; recessions; and difficulties in obtaining and/or enforcing legal judgments. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic led to disruptions in local, regional, national and global markets and economies. With respect to the U.S. credit markets (in particular for middle market loans), this outbreak resulted in the following among other things: (i) significant disruption to the businesses of many middle market loan borrowers including supply chains, demand and practical aspects of their operations, as well as lay-offs of employees; (ii) increased draws by borrowers on revolving lines of credit; (iii) increased requests by borrowers for amendments and waivers of their credit agreements to avoid default, increased defaults by such borrowers and/or increased difficulty in obtaining refinancing at the maturity dates of their loans; (iv) volatility and disruption of these markets including greater volatility in pricing and spreads and difficulty in valuing loans during periods of increased volatility, and liquidity issues; and (v) rapidly evolving proposals and/or actions by state and federal governments to address problems experienced by the markets and by businesses and the economy in general which were not necessarily adequate to address the problems faced by the loan market and middle market businesses. Although many of these conditions have resolved, similar consequences could occur in the future as a result of new variants of the virus or other infectious diseases. Any future outbreaks of infectious diseases could have an adverse impact on the markets and the economy in general, which could have a material adverse impact on, among other things, the ability of lenders to originate loans, the volume and type of loans originated, and the volume and type of amendments and waivers granted to borrowers and remedial actions taken in the event of a borrower default, each of which could negatively impact the amount and quality of loans available for investment by us and returns to us, among other things. It is impossible to determine the scope of any future outbreaks, how long any such outbreak, market disruption or uncertainties may last, the effect any governmental actions will have or the full potential impact on us and our portfolio companies in which we invest. Although it is impossible to predict the precise nature and consequences of these events, or of any political or policy decisions and regulatory changes occasioned by emerging events or uncertainty on applicable laws or regulations that impact us and our targeted investments, it is clear that these types of events are impacting and will, for at least some time, continue to impact us and our targeted investments and, in certain instances, the impact will be adverse and profound. If public health uncertainties and market disruptions continue for an extended period of time, loan delinquencies, loan non-accruals, problem assets, and bankruptcies may increase. In addition, collateral for our loans may decline in value, which could cause loan losses to increase and the net worth and liquidity of loan guarantors could decline, impairing their ability to honor commitments to us. An increase in loan delinquencies and non-accruals or a decrease in loan collateral and guarantor net worth could result in increased costs and reduced income which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We will also be negatively affected if the operations and effectiveness of us or a portfolio company (or any of the key personnel or service providers of the foregoing) is compromised or if necessary or beneficial systems and processes are disrupted. We are subject to risks related to corporate responsibility. Our business faces increasing public scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) activities. We risk damage to our brand and reputation if we fail to act responsibly in a number of areas, such as environmental stewardship, corporate governance and transparency and considering ESG factors in our investment processes. Adverse incidents with respect to ESG activities could impact the value of our brand, the cost of our operations and relationships with investors, all of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, new regulatory initiatives related to ESG could adversely affect our business. |
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Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block] | The Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) is responsible for overseeing the Company’s risk management program and cybersecurity is a critical element of this program. Management is responsible for the day-to-day administration of the Company’s risk management program and its cybersecurity policies, processes, and practices. The Company’s cybersecurity policies, standards, processes, and practices are based on recognized frameworks established by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the International Organization for Standardization and other applicable industry standards and are fully integrated into the Company’s overall risk management processes. In general, the Company seeks to address material cybersecurity threats through a company-wide approach that addresses the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the Company’s information systems or the information that the Company collects and stores, by assessing, identifying and managing cybersecurity issues as they occur. Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy The Company’s cybersecurity risk management strategy focuses on several areas:
The Company conducts periodic assessment and testing of the Company’s policies, standards, processes, and practices in a manner intended to address cybersecurity threats and events. This includes penetration testing of network infrastructure and phishing tests targeting the Adviser’s employees. The results of such assessments and reviews are evaluated by management and reported to the Board, and the Company adjusts its cybersecurity policies, standards, processes, and practices as necessary based on the information provided by these assessments and reviews. |
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block] | The Company’s cybersecurity policies, standards, processes, and practices are based on recognized frameworks established by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the International Organization for Standardization and other applicable industry standards and are fully integrated into the Company’s overall risk management processes. In general, the Company seeks to address material cybersecurity threats through a company-wide approach that addresses the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the Company’s information systems or the information that the Company collects and stores, by assessing, identifying and managing cybersecurity issues as they occur. | |||||||||||||||
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] | true | |||||||||||||||
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] | true | |||||||||||||||
| Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block] | Governance The Board, in coordination with the Adviser, oversees the Company’s risk management program, including the management of cybersecurity threats. The Board receives regular updates and reports on developments in the cybersecurity space, including risk management practices, recent developments, vulnerability assessments, third-party and independent reviews, the threat environment, and information security issues encountered by the Company’. The Board also receives prompt and timely information regarding any cybersecurity risk that meets pre-established reporting thresholds, as well as ongoing updates regarding any such risk. On an annual basis, the Board and the Adviser discuss the Company’s approach to overseeing cybersecurity threats. The Adviser has established an internal working group that includes relevant representation from senior management including the CCO, CFO, and CISO, and CTO who work collaboratively to implement a program designed to protect the Company’s information systems from cybersecurity threats and to promptly respond to any material cybersecurity incidents in accordance with the Company’s incident response and recovery plans. Through ongoing communication with these teams, the CISO, CTO and senior management are informed about and monitor the prevention, detection, mitigation and remediation of cybersecurity threats and incidents in real time, and report such threats and incidents to the Board when appropriate. Members of the internal working group have multiple decades of experience in information security and risk management, including assessing cybersecurity threats. Furthermore, the CTO and CISO have educational backgrounds and hold professional experience and certifications relevant to management of cybersecurity. |
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| Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block] | The Board, in coordination with the Adviser, oversees the Company’s risk management program, including the management of cybersecurity threats. The Board receives regular updates and reports on developments in the cybersecurity space, including risk management practices, recent developments, vulnerability assessments, third-party and independent reviews, the threat environment, and information security issues encountered by the Company’. The Board also receives prompt and timely information regarding any cybersecurity risk that meets pre-established reporting thresholds, as well as ongoing updates regarding any such risk. On an annual basis, the Board and the Adviser discuss the Company’s approach to overseeing cybersecurity threats. |
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block] | The Adviser has established an internal working group that includes relevant representation from senior management including the CCO, CFO, and CISO, and CTO who work collaboratively to implement a program designed to protect the Company’s information systems from cybersecurity threats and to promptly respond to any material cybersecurity incidents in accordance with the Company’s incident response and recovery plans. Through ongoing communication with these teams, the CISO, CTO and senior management are informed about and monitor the prevention, detection, mitigation and remediation of cybersecurity threats and incidents in real time, and report such threats and incidents to the Board when appropriate. |
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] | Members of the internal working group have multiple decades of experience in information security and risk management, including assessing cybersecurity threats. Furthermore, the CTO and CISO have educational backgrounds and hold professional experience and certifications relevant to management of cybersecurity. |
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| Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag] | false | |||||||||||||||
| Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Text Block] | Risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any previous cybersecurity incidents, have not materially affected and are not reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. |
Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||
| Basis of Presentation | A. Basis of Presentation—the accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company is an investment company and follows accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 946 — “Financial Services — Investment Companies.” In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, considered necessary for the fair statement of the financial statements for the periods presented, have been included. |
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| Consolidation | B. Consolidation—As provided under Regulation S-X and ASC Topic 946 – “Financial Services – Investment Companies”, the Company will generally not consolidate its investment in a company other than a wholly-owned investment company or controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the accounts of KDL Corp, LLC in its consolidated financial statements. KDL Corp, LLC is a Delaware LLC that has elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. tax purposes and was formed to facilitate compliance with the requirements to be treated as a RIC under the Code by holding (directly or indirectly through a subsidiary) equity or equity related investments in portfolio companies organized as limited liability companies or limited partnerships. As of December 31, 2024, KDL Corp, LLC held no investments. |
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| Use of Estimates | C. Use of Estimates—the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. |
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents | D. Cash and Cash Equivalents—cash and cash equivalents include short-term, liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less and include money market fund accounts. Cash equivalents, which are the Company’s investments in money market fund accounts, are presented on the Company’s consolidated schedule of investments, and within investments on the Company’s consolidated statement of assets and liabilities. |
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| Investment Valuation, Fair Value | E. Investment Valuation, Fair Value—the Company conducts the valuation of its investments consistent with GAAP and the 1940 Act. The Company’s investments will be valued no less frequently than quarterly, in accordance with the terms of Topic 820 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, the Board of Directors has designated the Advisor as the “valuation designee” to perform fair value determinations of the Company’s portfolio holdings, subject to oversight by and periodic reporting to the Board. The valuation designee performs fair valuation of the Company’s portfolio holdings in accordance with the Advisor’s Valuation Program, as approved by the Board. Traded Investments (Level 1 or Level 2) Investments for which market quotations are readily available will typically be valued at those market quotations. Traded investments such as corporate bonds, preferred stock, bank notes, broadly syndicated loans or loan participations are valued by using the bid price provided by an independent pricing service, by an independent broker, the agent bank, syndicate bank or principal market maker. When price quotes for investments are not available, or such prices are stale or do not represent fair value in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor, fair market value will be determined using the Advisor’s valuation process for investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale. The Company may also invest, to a lesser extent, in equity securities purchased in conjunction with debt investments. While the Company anticipates these equity securities to be issued by privately held companies, the Company may hold equity securities that are publicly traded. Equity securities listed on any exchange other than the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) are valued, except as indicated below, at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices on such day. Securities admitted to trade on the NASDAQ are valued at the NASDAQ official closing price. Equity securities traded on more than one securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being determined at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for such securities. Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter market, but excluding securities admitted to trading on the NASDAQ, are valued at the closing bid prices. Non-Traded Investments (Level 3) Investments that are privately issued or otherwise restricted as to resale, as well as any security for which (a) reliable market quotations are not available in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor, or (b) the independent pricing service or independent broker does not provide prices or provides a price that in the judgment of the Company’s Advisor is stale or does not represent fair value, shall each be valued in a manner that most fairly reflects fair value of the security on the valuation date. The Company expects that a significant majority of its investments will be Level 3 investments. Unless otherwise determined by the Advisor, the following valuation process is used for the Company’s Level 3 investments:
Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to the Company’s financial statements express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on the Company’s financial statements. |
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| Interest Income Recognition | F. Interest Income Recognition—Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis and includes the accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest. Discounts from and premiums to par value on investments purchased are accreted/amortized into interest income over the life of the respective security using the effective yield method. To the extent loans contain PIK provisions, PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each applicable agreement, is accrued and recorded as interest income and added to the principal balance of the loan. PIK interest income added to the principal balance is generally collected upon repayment of the outstanding principal. The Company does not accrue PIK interest if, in the opinion of the Advisor, the portfolio company valuation indicates that the PIK interest is not likely to be collectible. If the Company believes PIK is not expected to be realized, the investment generating PIK will be placed on non-accrual status. When a PIK investment is placed on non-accrual status, the accrued, uncapitalized interest is generally reversed through PIK interest income. Previously capitalized PIK interest is not reversed when an investment is placed on non-accrual status. To maintain the Company’s status as a RIC, this non-cash source of income must be paid out to stockholders in the form of dividends for the year the income was earned, even though the Company has not yet collected the cash. The amortized cost of investments represents the original cost adjusted for any accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and PIK interest. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had $158 of PIK interest included in interest income, which represents 0.6% of aggregate interest income. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was no PIK interest income for the Company. Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when it has been determined that a significant impairment in the financial condition and ability of the borrower to repay principal and interest has occurred and is expected to continue such that it is probable the collectability of full amount of the loan (principal and interest) is doubtful. Accrued and unpaid interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. If cash payments are received subsequent to a loan being placed on non-accrual status, these payments will first be applied to previously accrued but uncollected interest, then to recover the principal. Additionally, any original issue discount and market discount are no longer accreted to interest income as of the date the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid or there is no longer a reasonable doubt that such principal or interest will be collected in full and, in the Company’s judgment, principal and interest are likely to remain current. The Company may make exceptions to this policy if the loan has sufficient collateral value (i.e., typically measured as enterprise value of the portfolio company) or is in the process of collection. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company did not have any investments in portfolio companies on non-accrual status. |
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| Debt Issuance Costs | G. Debt Issuance Costs—Costs incurred by the Company related to the issuance of its debt (credit facilities) are capitalized and amortized over the period the debt is outstanding. The Company has classified the costs incurred to issue its credit facilities as a deduction from the carrying value of the credit facilities on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. For the purpose of calculating the Company’s asset coverage ratios pursuant to the 1940 Act, deferred issuance costs are not deducted from the carrying value of debt or preferred stock. |
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| Dividends to Common Stockholders | H. Dividends to Common Stockholders—Distributions to common stockholders are recorded on the record date. The amount to be paid out as a dividend is determined by the Company’s board of directors each quarter and is generally based upon the earnings estimated by management and considers the level of undistributed taxable income carried forward from the prior year for distribution in the current year. Net realized capital gains, if any, are generally distributed, although the Company may decide to retain such capital gains for investment. |
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| Income Taxes | I. Income Taxes—it is the Company’s intention to continue to be treated as and to qualify each year for special tax treatment afforded a RIC under the Code. As long as the Company meets certain requirements that govern its sources of income, diversification of assets and timely distribution of earnings to stockholders, the Company will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. The Company must pay distributions equal to 90% of its investment company taxable income (ordinary income and short-term capital gains) to qualify as a RIC and it must distribute all of its taxable income (ordinary income, short-term capital gains and long-term capital gains) to avoid federal income taxes. The Company will be subject to federal income tax on any undistributed portion of income. For purposes of the distribution test, the Company may elect to treat as paid on the last day of its taxable year all or part of any distributions that are declared after the end of its taxable year if such distributions are declared before the due date of its tax return, including any extensions. All RICs are subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on income that is not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with the calendar year distribution requirements. To avoid the tax, the Company must distribute during each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, (ii) 98.2% of its net capital gains for the one-year period ending on December 31, the last day of our taxable year, and (iii) undistributed amounts from previous years on which the Company paid no U.S. federal income tax. A distribution will be treated as paid during the calendar year if it is paid during the calendar year or declared by the Company in October, November or December of such year, payable to stockholders of record on a date during such months and paid by the Company no later than January of the following year. Any such distributions paid during January of the following year will be deemed to be received by stockholders on December 31 of the year the distributions are declared, rather than when the distributions are actually received. The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing its financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold are reserved and recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes are included in income tax expense. Conclusions regarding tax positions are subject to review and may be adjusted at a later date based on factors including, but not limited to, on-going analyses of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof. |
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| Commitments and Contingencies | J. Commitments and Contingencies—in the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contracts that provide a variety of general indemnifications. Any exposure to the Company under these arrangements could involve future claims that may be made against the Company. Currently, no such claims exist or are expected to arise and, accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liability in connection with such indemnifications. |
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements | K. Recent Accounting Pronouncements — In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which enhances disclosure requirements about significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”). ASU 2023-07, among other things, (i) requires a single segment public entity to provide all of the disclosures as required by ASC 280, (ii) requires a public entity to disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources and (iii) provides the ability for a public entity to elect more than one performance measure. ASU 2023-07 is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods beginning with the first quarter ended March 31, 2025. Early adoption is permitted and retrospective adoption is required for all prior periods presented. The Company has adopted ASU 2023-07 effective December 31, 2024, and concluded that the application of this guidance did not have any material impact on its consolidated financial statements. See Note 12 – Segment Reporting, for more information on the effects of the adoption of ASU 2023-07. |
Investments (Tables) |
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| Investments [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Investment Portfolio at Amortized Cost and Fair Value | The following table presents the composition of the Company’s investment portfolio at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
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| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value | The industry composition of long-term investments based on fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:
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Fair Value (Tables) |
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| Schedule of Fair Value Hierarchy of Investments | The
following tables present the fair value hierarchy of investments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
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| Schedule of Fair Value of Investments Level 3 Inputs | The following tables present changes in the fair value of investments for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine the fair value as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
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| Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs of Level 3 Investments | The
following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs of the Company’s Level 3 investments
as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
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Debt (Tables) |
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| Schedule of Debt Obligations | Debt obligations consisted of the following as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
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Share Transactions (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share Transactions [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds | The following tables summarize the number of common stock shares issued and aggregate proceeds received from such issuances related to the Company’s capital call notices pursuant to subscription agreements with investors for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
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| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company | The following tables summarize the dividends declared and payable by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 - Subsequent Events.
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| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder | The following tables summarize the amounts received and shares of common stock issued to shareholders pursuant to the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 13 – Subsequent Events.
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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments | A summary of the composition of the unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is shown in the table below.
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Earnings Per Share (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share of Common Stock | The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
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Income Taxes (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Taxes [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Distributions Paid to Stockholder | These reclassifications have no impact on net assets.
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| Schedule of Increase in Net Assets | The following reconciles net increase in net assets resulting from operations to taxable income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:
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| Schedule of Distributions Paid to Stockholder | The tax character of distributions
paid to stockholders during the tax years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows.
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| Schedule of Accumulated Earnings on a Tax Basis | For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the components of accumulated earnings on a tax basis were as follows:
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| Schedule of Unrealized Appreciation and Depreciation on Investment | As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s aggregate unrealized appreciation and depreciation on investments based on cost for U.S. federal income tax purposes was as follows:
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Financial Highlights (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Highlights Disclosure [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Financial Highlights | The following
is a schedule of financial highlights for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, 2022 and 2021.
|
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Organization (Details) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
| |
| Organization [Abstract] | |
| Aggregate capital commitment | $ 353,535 |
| Undrawn amount of capital commitment | $ 110,535 |
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
| Paid-in-kind interest from portfolio investments (in Dollars) | $ 158 | ||
| Aggregate interest income, percentage | 0.60% | ||
| Percentage of investment company taxable income | 90.00% | ||
| Percentage of non-deductible excise tax | 4.00% | ||
| Third-Party [Member] | |||
| Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
| Investment percentage | 25.00% | ||
| Ordinary Income [Member] | |||
| Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
| Percentage of non-deductible excise tax | 98.00% | ||
| Net Capital Gains [Member] | |||
| Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
| Percentage of non-deductible excise tax | 98.20% | ||
Agreements and Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Agreements and Related Party Transactions [Line Items] | |||
| Maturity period | 1 year | ||
| Incurred management fees | $ 1,673 | $ 1,051 | $ 337 |
| Equity contributions | $ 750 | ||
| Management Fee [Member] | |||
| Agreements and Related Party Transactions [Line Items] | |||
| Percentage of base management fee annual rate | 0.75% | ||
Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Investments [Abstract] | ||
| Non-qualifying assets | $ 12,053 | $ 4,600 |
Investments - Schedule of Investment Portfolio at Amortized Cost and Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Investment Portfolio at Amortized Cost and Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Amortized Cost | $ 270,860 | $ 178,950 |
| Fair Value | 275,273 | 182,241 |
| First-Lien Senior Secured Debt Investments [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Investment Portfolio at Amortized Cost and Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Amortized Cost | 257,420 | 174,235 |
| Fair Value | 261,833 | 177,526 |
| Short-Term Investments [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Investment Portfolio at Amortized Cost and Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Amortized Cost | 13,440 | 4,715 |
| Fair Value | $ 13,440 | $ 4,715 |
Investments - Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value (Details) |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Trading companies & distributors [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 20.90% | 21.40% |
| Commercial services & supplies [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 13.10% | 7.10% |
| Health care providers & services [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 12.30% | 9.50% |
| Food products [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 12.20% | 13.10% |
| Containers & packaging [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 7.20% | 9.00% |
| Aerospace & defense [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 6.00% | 6.10% |
| Leisure products [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 4.20% | 3.50% |
| Professional services [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 4.10% | 4.90% |
| Automobile components [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 3.90% | 1.50% |
| Personal care products [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 3.00% | |
| Machinery [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 2.80% | 1.70% |
| Building products [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 2.00% | 0.90% |
| IT services [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 1.80% | 5.40% |
| Biotechnology [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 1.70% | 2.30% |
| Wireless telecommunication services [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 1.30% | 1.90% |
| Textiles, apparel & luxury goods [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 1.00% | 1.50% |
| Diversified telecommunication services [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 1.00% | 2.10% |
| Insurance [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 0.90% | 1.40% |
| Health care equipment & supplies [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 0.60% | 0.90% |
| Chemicals [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 2.40% | |
| Software [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 1.70% | |
| Capital markets [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Industry Composition of Long-Term Investments Based on Fair Value [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term investments fair value percentage | 1.70% |
Fair Value - Schedule of Fair Value Hierarchy of Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Fair Value Hierarchy of Investments [Line Items] | ||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | $ 261,833 | $ 177,526 |
| Short-term investments | 13,440 | 4,715 |
| Total Investments | 275,273 | 182,241 |
| Level 1 [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Fair Value Hierarchy of Investments [Line Items] | ||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | ||
| Short-term investments | 13,440 | 4,715 |
| Total Investments | 13,440 | 4,715 |
| Level 2 [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Fair Value Hierarchy of Investments [Line Items] | ||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | ||
| Short-term investments | ||
| Total Investments | ||
| Level 3 [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Fair Value Hierarchy of Investments [Line Items] | ||
| First-lien senior secured debt investments | 261,833 | 177,526 |
| Short-term investments | ||
| Total Investments | $ 261,833 | $ 177,526 |
Fair Value - Schedule of Fair Value of Investments Level 3 Inputs (Details) - First-lien senior secured debt investments [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Schedule of Fair Value of Investments Level 3 Inputs [Line Items] | ||
| Fair value, beginning of period | $ 177,526 | $ 107,312 |
| Purchases of investments, including PIK, if any | 121,652 | 88,027 |
| Proceeds from sales of investments and principal repayments | (40,135) | (19,947) |
| Net change in unrealized gain (loss) | 1,123 | 1,061 |
| Net realized gain (loss) | ||
| Net accretion of discount on investments | 1,667 | 1,073 |
| Transfers into (out of) Level 3 | ||
| Fair value, end of period | $ 261,833 | $ 177,526 |
Fair Value - Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs of Level 3 Investments (Details) - Level 3 [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs of Level 3 Investments [Line Items] | ||
| Fair Value (in Dollars) | $ 261,833 | $ 177,526 |
| Valuation Technique | Discounted cash flow analysis | Discounted cash flow analysis |
| Unobservable Input | Discount rate | Discount rate |
| Weighted Average | 9.80% | 9.80% |
| Minimum [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs of Level 3 Investments [Line Items] | ||
| Range | 8.40% | 8.50% |
| Maximum [Member] | ||
| Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs of Level 3 Investments [Line Items] | ||
| Range | 15.00% | 15.00% |
Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Debt [Line Items] | ||
| Total commitment amount (in Dollars) | $ 25,000 | $ 25,000 |
| Subject to availability amount (in Dollars) | $ 25,000 | |
| Commitment fee, percentage | 0.25% | |
| Subscription Credit Facility [Member] | ||
| Debt [Line Items] | ||
| Total commitment amount (in Dollars) | $ 25,000 | |
| Subscription Credit Agreement [Member] | ||
| Debt [Line Items] | ||
| Maturity date | Feb. 21, 2025 | |
| Weighted average interest rate | 7.43% | 6.71% |
| SOFR [Member] | ||
| Debt [Line Items] | ||
| SOFR plus percentage | 2.25% |
Debt - Schedule of Debt Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|||
| Schedule of Debt Obligations [Line Items] | ||||
| Aggregate Principal Committed | $ 25,000 | $ 25,000 | ||
| Outstanding Principal | ||||
| Amount Available | [1] | 25,000 | 25,000 | |
| Subscription Credit Facility [Member] | ||||
| Schedule of Debt Obligations [Line Items] | ||||
| Aggregate Principal Committed | 25,000 | 25,000 | ||
| Outstanding Principal | ||||
| Amount Available | [1] | $ 25,000 | $ 25,000 | |
| ||||
Share Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nov. 06, 2024 |
Nov. 09, 2023 |
Dec. 16, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Share Transactions [Line Items] | ||||||
| Aggregate capital commitment | $ 353,535 | |||||
| Undrawn commitments | 110,535 | |||||
| Shares issued (in Shares) | 203 | 883 | 340 | |||
| DRIP value | $ 1,070 | $ 4,616 | $ 12,128 | $ 12,318 | $ 1,123 | |
| S 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | ||||||
| Share Transactions [Line Items] | ||||||
| Date of Dividend declared | Jan. 15, 2025 | |||||
| S 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | ||||||
| Share Transactions [Line Items] | ||||||
| Date of Dividend declared | Jan. 16, 2024 | |||||
| S 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | ||||||
| Share Transactions [Line Items] | ||||||
| Date of Dividend declared | Jan. 13, 2023 | |||||
| DRIP value | $ 1,750 | |||||
Share Transactions - Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds (Details) - Common Stock [Member] - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Common stock shares issued | 14,209 | 12,364 | 11,732 |
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 75,000 | $ 65,000 | $ 60,000 |
| February 15, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,308 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 4,710 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 25,000 | ||
| July 3, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,269 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 4,745 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 25,000 | ||
| October 23, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,259 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 4,754 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 25,000 | ||
| February 28, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,236 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 4,775 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 25,000 | ||
| August 10, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,237 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 4,774 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 25,000 | ||
| December 19, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,328 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 2,815 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 15,000 | ||
| June 29, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,011 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 1,996 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 10,000 | ||
| October 14, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,068 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 4,933 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 25,000 | ||
| December 9, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Common Stock Shares Issued and Aggregate Proceeds [Line Items] | |||
| Offering price per share | $ 5,205 | ||
| Common stock shares issued | 4,803 | ||
| Aggregate offering amount | $ 25,000 | ||
Share Transactions - Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company (Details) - $ / shares |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend per share | $ 577 | $ 514 | $ 193.8 |
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | March 6, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Mar. 29, 2024 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Apr. 17, 2024 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 136 | ||
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | May 8, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Jun. 28, 2024 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Jul. 15, 2024 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 137 | ||
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | August 7, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Sep. 30, 2024 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Oct. 15, 2024 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 165 | ||
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | November 6, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Dec. 31, 2024 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Jan. 15, 2025 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 139 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | March 7, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Mar. 31, 2023 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Apr. 14, 2023 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 115 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | May 10, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Jun. 30, 2023 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Jul. 14, 2023 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 136 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | August 10, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Sep. 29, 2023 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Oct. 13, 2023 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 131 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | November 9, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Dec. 29, 2023 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Jan. 16, 2024 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 132 | ||
| O 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | April 19, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Apr. 20, 2022 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Jul. 27, 2022 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 6.8 | ||
| O 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | July 19, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Jul. 20, 2022 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Jul. 27, 2022 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 29 | ||
| O 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | October 18, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Oct. 13, 2022 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Oct. 25, 2022 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 72 | ||
| O 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | December 16, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Dividends Declared and Payable by the Company [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend record date | Dec. 29, 2022 | ||
| Dividend payment date | Jan. 13, 2023 | ||
| Dividend per share | $ 86 | ||
Share Transactions - Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| DRIP shares issued | 2,310 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 12,128 | ||
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | December 29, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Jan. 16, 2024 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 883 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 4,616 | ||
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | March 29, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Apr. 17, 2024 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 1,047 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 5,509 | ||
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | June 28, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Jul. 15, 2024 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 162 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 854 | ||
| O 2024 FY Dividends [Member] | September 30, 2024 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Oct. 15, 2024 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 218 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 1,149 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| DRIP shares issued | 2,376 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 12,318 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | December 29, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Jan. 13, 2023 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 340 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 1,750 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | March 31, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Apr. 14, 2023 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 564 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 2,923 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | June 30, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Jul. 14, 2023 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 681 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 3,533 | ||
| O 2023 FY Dividends [Member] | September 29, 2023 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Oct. 13, 2023 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 791 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 4,112 | ||
| O 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| DRIP shares issued | 222 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 1,123 | ||
| O 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | April 20, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Jul. 27, 2022 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 12 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 58 | ||
| O 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | July 20, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Jul. 27, 2022 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 60 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 304 | ||
| O 2022 FY Dividends [Member] | October 13, 2022 [Member] | |||
| Schedule of Amounts Received and Shares of Common Stock Issued to Shareholder [Line Items] | |||
| Dividend payment date | Oct. 25, 2022 | ||
| DRIP shares issued | 150 | ||
| DRIP value | $ 761 | ||
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Unfunded Loan Commitment [Member] | ||
| Commitments and Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
| Unfunded commitments | $ 31,808 | $ 24,067 |
Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | $ 31,808 | $ 24,067 |
| Alcami Corporation (Alcami) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 507 | 891 |
| Allcat Claims Service, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,829 | 460 |
| Allentown, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 197 | 233 |
| American Equipment Holdings LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 338 | |
| American Soccer Company, Incorporated (SCORE) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 223 | 223 |
| MRC Keystone Acquisition LLC (Automated Handing Solutions) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 785 | |
| Basel U.S. Acquisition Co., Inc. (IAC) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 613 | 399 |
| BCI Burke Holding Corp. [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 618 | |
| OAO Acquisitions, Inc. (BearCom) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 515 | 1,449 |
| Bloomington Holdco, LLC (BW Fusion) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,193 | |
| BLP Buyer, Inc. (Bishop Lifting Products) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 544 | 1,238 |
| BR PJK Produce, LLC (Keany) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 482 | |
| Carton Packaging Buyer, Inc. [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 639 | 639 |
| CCFF Buyer, LLC (California Custom Fruits & Flavors, LLC) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,857 | |
| CGI Automated Manufacturing, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 132 | 141 |
| City Line Distributors, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 533 | 1,121 |
| DISA Holdings Corp. (DISA) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 534 | 940 |
| Diverzify Intermediate, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 811 | |
| EIS Legacy, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,659 | |
| Energy Acquisition LP (Electrical Components International, Inc. - ECI) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 281 | |
| Envirotech Services, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,181 | |
| Fastener Distribution Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,418 | |
| FCA, LLC (FCA Packaging) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 288 | |
| Guardian Dentistry Partners [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 77 | |
| Guided Practice Solutions: Dental, LLC (GPS) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 2,361 | |
| Gulf Pacific Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 154 | 870 |
| IF&P Foods, LLC (FreshEdge) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 431 | 237 |
| Improving Acquisition LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 327 | 328 |
| Krayden Holdings, Inc.[Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,812 | 1,812 |
| Superior Intermediate LLC (Landmark Structures) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,885 | |
| Light Wave Dental Management LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 792 | 227 |
| LSL Industries, LLC (LSL Healthcare) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 448 | 1,305 |
| MacNeill Pride Group Corp. [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 260 | 1,184 |
| ML Buyer, LLC (Mama Lycha Foods, LLC) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 879 | |
| NMA Holdings, LLC (Neuromonitoring Associates) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,440 | |
| Phoenix YW Buyer, Inc. (Elida Beauty) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 444 | |
| Pixel Intermediate, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 290 | |
| Redwood MSO, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 597 | |
| Refocus Management Services, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,227 | |
| The Robinette Company [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,079 | |
| Ruff Roofers Buyer, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,608 | 2,471 |
| SGA Dental Partners Holdings, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,121 | |
| Siegel Egg Co., LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 80 | 85 |
| Speedstar Holding LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 111 | |
| Tapco Buyer LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 1,869 | |
| US Anchors Group, Inc. (Mechanical Plastics Corp.) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 579 | |
| Vehicle Accessories, Inc. [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 150 | |
| Workholding US Holdings, LLC (Forkardt Hardinge) [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | 716 | |
| Worldwide Produce Acquisition, LLC [Member] | ||
| Schedule of summary of the Composition of the Unfunded Commitments [Line Items] | ||
| Total unfunded commitments | $ 423 | $ 1,285 |
Earnings Per Share - Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share of Common Stock (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share of Common Stock [Abstract] | |||
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | $ 27,030 | $ 16,654 | $ 4,807 |
| Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic | 44,402 | 27,779 | 11,046 |
| Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted | 44,402 | 27,779 | 11,046 |
| Earnings (loss) per share of common stock - basic | $ 609 | $ 600 | $ 435 |
| Earnings (loss) per share of common stock - diluted | $ 609 | $ 600 | $ 435 |
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Income Taxes [Abstract] | |||
| Percentage of effective income tax rate excise tax | 4.00% | ||
| U.S. federal excise tax | $ 14 | ||
Income Taxes - Schedule of Impact on Net Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Impact on Net Assets [Abstract] | |||
| Increase (decrease) in distributable earnings | $ 14 | $ 137 | |
| Increase (decrease) in additional paid-in capital | $ (14) | $ (137) |
Income Taxes - Schedule of Increase in Net Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Increase in Net Assets [Abstract] | |||
| Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations | $ 27,030 | $ 16,654 | $ 4,807 |
| Net change in unrealized losses (gains) from investments | (1,123) | (1,061) | (1,968) |
| Non-deductible expenses, including excise taxes, offering costs disallowed | 14 | 137 | |
| Other book tax differences | (13) | (13) | (14) |
| Taxable income before deductions for distributions | $ 25,894 | $ 15,594 | $ 2,962 |
Income Taxes - Schedule of Distributions Paid to Stockholder (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
| Schedule of Distributions Paid to Stockholder [Abstract] | |||
| Ordinary income | $ 26,236 | $ 15,329 | $ 2,901 |
| Capital gains | |||
| Return of capital | |||
| Total | $ 26,236 | $ 15,329 | $ 2,901 |
Income Taxes - Schedule of Accumulated Earnings on a Tax Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Accumulated Earnings on a Tax Basis [Abstract] | |||
| Undistributed net investment income (loss) | $ 325 | $ 60 | |
| Undistributed capital gains | |||
| Capital loss carryforward | |||
| Other accumulated gain (loss) | |||
| Other temporary book / tax differences | (183) | (180) | (192) |
| Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | 4,413 | 3,291 | 2,229 |
| Total | $ 4,230 | $ 3,436 | $ 2,097 |
Income Taxes - Schedule of Unrealized Appreciation and Depreciation on Investment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schedule of Unrealized Appreciation and Depreciation on Investment [Abstract] | |||
| Tax cost | $ 270,860 | $ 178,950 | $ 105,083 |
| Gross unrealized appreciation | 5,169 | 3,664 | 2,289 |
| Gross unrealized depreciation | (756) | (373) | (60) |
| Net unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on investments | $ 4,413 | $ 3,291 | $ 2,229 |
Financial Highlights (Details) - IPO [Member] $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
$ / shares
|
|---|---|
| Financial Highlights [Line Items] | |
| Initial offering price per share | $ / shares | $ 5,000 |
| Organizational costs | $ | $ 24 |
Financial Highlights - Schedule of Financial Highlights (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
||||||||||||||
| Per Common Share Operating Performance (1) | |||||||||||||||||
| Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | [1],[2] | $ 5,229 | $ 5,153 | $ 4,986 | $ 4,976 | ||||||||||||
| Results of Operations: | |||||||||||||||||
| Net Investment Income (loss) | [2] | 583 | 561 | 257 | (58) | ||||||||||||
| Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on investments | [2],[3] | 24 | 29 | 104 | 68 | ||||||||||||
| Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations | [2] | 607 | 590 | 361 | 10 | ||||||||||||
| Dividends to Common Stockholders | |||||||||||||||||
| Dividends from Net Investment Income | [2] | (577) | (514) | (194) | |||||||||||||
| Net Decrease in Net Assets Resulting from Dividends | [2] | (577) | (514) | (194) | |||||||||||||
| Net Asset Value, End of Period | [2] | $ 5,259 | $ 5,229 | [1] | $ 5,153 | [1] | $ 4,986 | [1] | |||||||||
| Shares Outstanding, End of Period (in Shares) | [2] | 51,812 | 35,293 | 20,554 | 8,600 | ||||||||||||
| Ratio/Supplemental Data | |||||||||||||||||
| Net assets, end of period (in Dollars) | $ 272,473 | $ 184,551 | $ 105,908 | $ 42,879 | |||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding (in Shares) | 44,402 | 27,779 | 11,046 | 6,600 | |||||||||||||
| Total Return | [4] | 12.10% | 11.90% | 7.30% | (0.30%) | ||||||||||||
| Portfolio turnover | 18.10% | 14.20% | 4.90% | 0.10% | |||||||||||||
| Ratio of operating expenses to average net assets | [5] | 1.20% | 1.50% | 2.50% | |||||||||||||
| Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | [5] | 11.40% | 10.80% | 4.70% | |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
Subsequent Events (Details) - Subsequent Event [Member] - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands |
Feb. 21, 2025 |
Feb. 13, 2025 |
Jan. 15, 2025 |
Apr. 15, 2025 |
Feb. 19, 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subsequent Events [Line Items] | |||||
| Dividend per share (in Dollars per share) | $ 139 | $ 132 | |||
| Distribution amount | $ 7,202 | ||||
| Dividend reinvested | $ 1,070 | ||||
| Reinvestment of issuance share (in Shares) | 203 | ||||
| Number of shares sold (in Shares) | 4,754 | ||||
| Aggregate offering price | $ 25,000 | ||||
| Aggregate capital commitment | 353,535 | ||||
| Undrawn amount | $ 85,535 | ||||
| Maturing date | Feb. 20, 2026 | ||||
| Forecast [Member] | |||||
| Subsequent Events [Line Items] | |||||
| Dividend per share (in Dollars per share) | $ 132 |