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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

NOTE 16. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

In accordance with fair value guidance, the Company groups its financial assets and financial liabilities generally measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value.

Level 1 — Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 1 assets and liabilities generally include debt and equity securities that are traded in an active exchange market. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Valuation is based on inputs other than quoted prices included with Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. The valuation may be based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term for the asset or liability.

Level 3 — Valuation is based on unobservable income inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

Fair value measurements of assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis at December 31, 2022 and 2021 follow:


	Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
December 31, 2022
Available-for-sale securities	$	79,602	$	-	$	79,602	$	-

December 31, 2021
Available-for-sale securities	$	88,339	$	-	$	88,339	$	-

Fair value measurements of assets and liabilities measured on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2022 and 2021 follow:


	Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
December 31, 2022
Impaired loans	$	898	$	-	$	-	$	898
Foreclosed assets		320		-		-		320
Total	$	1,218	$	-	$	-	$	1,218
December 31, 2021
Impaired loans	$	1,020	$	-	$	-	$	1,020
Foreclosed assets		340		-		-		340
Total	$	1,360	$	-	$	-	$	1,360

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, impaired loans with a recorded investment of $1.1 million and $1.4 million, respectively, have been written down to their fair value by a charge to the allowance for loan losses. Foreclosed assets are written down to fair value by a charge to earnings through foreclosed asset expense. During the year ended December 31, 2022, no impairment losses on foreclosed assets were recognized. Impairment losses on foreclosed assets totaled $75,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The fair value of impaired loans and foreclosed assets are estimated using third-party appraisals of the collateral or asset held less estimated costs to sell and discounts to reflect current conditions.

Accounting Standards Codification 825-10, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, requires that the Company disclose estimated fair values for its financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the statement of financial condition. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instruments. Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from the disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company. Fair value estimates are based on existing on and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments

The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments of which it is practicable to estimate that value are described in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:


	December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	13,472	$	13,472	$	13,472	$	-	$	-
Investment securities:
Available-for-sale		79,602		79,602		-		79,602		-
Held-to-maturity		13,475		10,724		-		10,724		-
Loans receivable, net		131,800		121,208		-		-		121,208
Bank-owned life insurance		13,617		13,617		-		13,617		-
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits		165,094		163,797		-		163,797		-
Borrowed funds		9,198		7,682		-		7,682		-


	December 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	40,884	$	40,884	$	40,884	$	-	$	-
Investment securities:
Available-for-sale		88,339		88,339		-		88,339		-
Held-to-maturity		13,498		13,152		-		13,152		-
Loans receivable, net		129,827		128,591		-		-		128,591
Bank-owned life insurance		3,303		3,303		-		3,303		-
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits		176,795		176,869		-		176,869		-
Borrowed funds		9,018		8,720		-		8,720		-

The carrying amounts in the preceding tables are included in the statement of financial condition under the applicable captions. It is not practical to estimate the fair value of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and First National Bankers Bank stock because they are not marketable. The carrying amount of investments without readily determinable fair value is reported in the statements of financial condition at historical cost.