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Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]    
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form
10-Q
and Article 10 of
Regulation S-X
of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete
presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2022 as filed with the SEC on April 6, 2023, which contains the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. The interim results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023 or for any future interim periods.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Emerging Growth Company
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to
non-emerging
growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to
non-emerging
growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s consolidated financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Estimates made in preparing these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include, among other things, the fair value measurement of the Private Warrant liabilities and promissory note.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Estimates made in preparing these consolidated financial statements include, among other things, the fair value measurement of the Private Warrant liabilities.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Investments Held in Trust Account
Investments Held in Trust Account
At March 31, 2023, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in a cash operating account maintained by the Trustee.
As of December 31, 2022, investment in the Company’s Trust Account consisted of $349,927,313 in a money market fund with a maturity of 180 days or less. Following the maturity of the U.S. Treasury securities on December 1, 2022, the Company immediately reinvested the entirety of the Trust Account into a money market fund. The money market fund is disclosed at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet. Subsequently, in March 2023, the Company moved the entirety of the Trust Account into a cash account at the Trustee. The Company considers all investments with original maturities of more than three months but less than one year to be short-term investments. The carrying value approximates the fair value due to its short-term maturity. The carrying value, excluding gross unrealized holding losses and fair value of held to maturity securities on March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows:
 
    
Fair Value
as of
March 31,
2023
 
Cash
   $ 116,571,577  
    
 
 
 
     $ 116,571,577  
    
 
 
 
 
    
Fair Value
as of
December 31,
2022
 
Money Market Funds
   $ 349,927,313  
    
 
 
 
     $ 349,927,313  
    
 
 
 
A decline in the market value of
held-to-maturity
securities below cost that is deemed to be other than temporary results in an impairment that reduces the carrying costs to such securities’ fair value. The impairment is charged to earnings and a new cost basis for the security is established. To determine whether an impairment is other than temporary, the Company considers whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery and considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for the impairment, the severity and the duration of the impairment, changes in value subsequent
to year-end,
forecasted performance of the investee, and the general market condition in the geographic area or industry the investee operates in.
Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the
related held-to-maturity security
as an adjustment to yield using the effective-interest method. Such amortization and remeasurement are included in the “interest income” line item in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Interest income is recognized when earned.
Investments Held in Trust Account
At December 31, 2022, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in a money market fund with a maturity date of 180 days or less. At December 31, 2021, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash and U.S. Treasury securities. The Company classifies its United States Treasury securities
as held-to-maturity in
accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC Topic 320, “Investments — Debt and Equity
Securities.” Held-to-maturity securities
are those securities which the Company has the ability and intent to hold until
maturity. Held-to-maturity treasury
securities are recorded at amortized cost and adjusted for the amortization or remeasurement of premiums or discounts.
As of December 31, 2022, investment in the Company’s Trust Account consisted of $349,927,313 in a money market fund with a maturity of 180 days or less. Following the maturity of the U.S. Treasury Securities on December 1, 2022, the Company immediately reinvested the entirety of the Trust Account into a money market fund. The money market fund is disclosed at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2021, investment in the Company’s Trust Account consisted of $484 in cash and $345,105,197 in U.S. Treasury Securities. All of the U.S. Treasury Securities (the
“T-bills”)
matured on March 3, 2022 and the Company purchased new
T-bills.
The Company considers all investments with original maturities of more than three months but less than one year to be short-term investments. The carrying value approximates the fair value due to its short-term maturity. The carrying value, excluding gross unrealized holding losses and fair value of held to maturity securities on December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
 
    
Amortized

Cost and

Carrying

Value
    
Gross

Unrealized

Gains
    
Gross

Unrealized

Losses
    
Fair Value

as of

December 31,

2022
 
Cash
   $ —        $ —        $ —        $ —    
Money Market Funds
     349,927,313        —          —          349,927,313  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
     $ 349,927,313      $ —        $ —        $ 349,927,313  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
    
Amortized

Cost and

Carrying

Value
    
Gross

Unrealized

Gains
    
Gross

Unrealized

Losses
    
Fair Value

as of

December 31,

2021
 
Cash
   $ 484      $ —        $ —        $ 484  
U.S. Treasury Securities
     345,105,197        —          (6,065      345,099,132  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
     $ 345,105,681      $ —        $ (6,065    $ 345,099,616  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
A decline in the market value of
held-to-maturity
securities below cost that is deemed to be other than temporary results in an impairment that reduces the carrying costs to such securities’ fair value. The impairment is charged to earnings and a new cost basis for the security is established. To determine whether an impairment is other than
temporary, the Company considers whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery and considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for the impairment, the severity and the duration of the impairment, changes in value subsequent
to year-end, forecasted
performance of the investee, and the general market condition in the geographic area or industry the investee operates in.
Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the
related held-to-maturity security
as an adjustment to yield using the effective-interest method. Such amortization and remeasurement are included in the “interest income” line item in the statements of operations. Interest income is recognized when earned.
Convertible Promissory Notes—Related Party
Convertible Promissory Notes — Related Party
The Company accounts for its convertible promissory notes under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). Under ASC
815-15-25,
the election can be at the inception of a financial instrument to account for
the instrument under the fair
v
alue option under ASC 825. The Company has made such election for its convertible promissory notes. Using the fair value option, the convertible promissory notes are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, each drawdown date, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Differences between the face value of the note and fair value at each drawdown date are recognized as either an expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (if issued at a premium) or as a capital contribution (if issued at a discount). Changes in the estimated fair value of the notes are recognized as
non-cash
gains or losses in the consolidated statements of operations. Changes in the estimated fair value of the note
are
recognized as
non-cash
change in the fair value of the convertible promissory notes in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Convertible Promissory Notes — Related Party
The Company accounts for its convertible promissory notes under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). Under ASC
815-15-25,
the election can be at the inception of a financial instrument to account for the instrument under the fair value option under ASC 825. The Company has made such election for its convertible promissory notes. Using the fair value option, the convertible promissory notes are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, each drawdown date, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Differences between the face value of the note and fair value at each drawdown date are recognized as either an expense in the consolidated statements of operations (if issued at a premium) or as a capital contribution (if issued at a discount). Changes in the estimated fair value of the notes are recognized as
non-cash
gains or losses in the consolidated statements of operations. Changes in the estimated fair value of the note are recognized as
non-cash
change in the fair value of the convertible promissory notes in the consolidated statements of operations.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Concentratio
n
of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2022, the Company has not experienced losses on this account.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company has not experienced losses on this account.
Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Class A ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ deficit. The Company’s ordinary shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, 11,243,496 and 34,500,000 Class A ordinary shares, respectively, subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Class A ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ deficit. The Company’s ordinary shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, 34,500,000 Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, respectively.
Net Income Per Ordinary Share
Net Income Per Ordinary Share
The Company has two classes of shares, which are referred to as Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two classes of shares. The 14,891,667 potential ordinary shares for outstanding warrants to purchase the Company’s shares were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 because the warrants are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. As a result, diluted net income per ordinary share is the same as basic net income per ordinary share for the periods. The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net income per share for each class of ordinary share:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2023
   
2022
 
   
Class A
   
Class B
   
Class A
   
Class B
 
Basic and diluted net income per share:
                               
Numerator:
                               
Allocation of net income
  $ 128,361     $ 41,794     $ 1,036,225     $ 259,056  
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Denominator:
                               
Weighted average shares outstanding
    26,489,426       8,625,000       34,500,000       8,625,000  
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Basic and diluted net income per share
  $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.03     $ 0.03  
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net Income Per Ordinary Share
The Company has two classes of shares, which are referred to as Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two classes of shares. The 14,891,667 
potential ordinary shares for outstanding warrants to purchase the Company’s shares were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 because the warrants are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. As a result, diluted net income per ordinary share is the same as
basic net income per ordinary share for the periods presented. The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net income per share for each class of ordinary share:
 
    
For the Years Ended

December 31,
 
    
2022
    
2021
 
    
Class A
    
Class B
    
Class A
    
Class B
 
Basic and diluted net income per share:
                                   
Numerator:
                                   
Allocation of net income
   $ 4,785,872      $ 1,196,468      $ 3,967,193      $ 1,161,457  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Denominator:
                                   
Weighted average shares outstanding
     34,500,000        8,625,000        28,828,767        8,440,068  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Basic and diluted net income per share
   $ 0.14      $ 0.14      $ 0.14      $ 0.14  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Offering Costs
Offering Costs
The Company complies with the requirements of the ASC
340-10-S99-1
and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5A — “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs consist principally of professional and registration fees incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the Public Offering and that were charged to temporary equity upon the completion of the IPO. Accordingly, on December 31, 2022, offering costs totaling $19,175,922 have been charged to temporary equity (consisting of $6,405,000 of underwriting fees, $12,075,000 of deferred underwriting fees and $695,922 of other offering costs). Of the total transaction cost, $575,278 was recorded as a
non-operating
expense in the consolidated statements of operations, with the rest of the offering cost charged to temporary equity. The transaction costs were allocated based on the relative fair value basis, compared to the total offering proceeds, between the fair value of the public warrant liabilities and the Class A ordinary shares. As of October 25, 2022, and November 2, 2022, respectively, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. have waived their portions of the deferred underwriting fee which is reflected in the consolidated statement of operations and the consolidated statement of change in shareholders’ deficit as a reduction of transaction costs incurred in connection with the IPO. Therefore, the deferred underwriting fee was reduced by $9,056,250, of which $271,687 is shown in the consolidated statement of operations as a reduction of transaction costs incurred in connection with the IPO and $8,784,563 is charged to additional
paid-in
capital in the consolidated statement of change in shareholders’ deficit. As a result of the reductions, the outstanding deferred underwriting fee payable was reduced to $3,018,750.
Offering Costs
The Company complies with the requirements of the ASC
340-10-S99-1
and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5A — “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs consist principally of professional and registration fees incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the Public Offering and that were charged to temporary equity upon the completion of the IPO. Accordingly, on December 31, 2022, offering costs totaling $19,175,922 have been charged to temporary equity (consisting of $6,405,000 of underwriting fees, $12,075,000 of deferred underwriting fees and $695,922 of other offering costs). Of the total transaction cost, $575,278 was recorded as a
non-operating
expense in the consolidated statements of operations, with the rest of the offering cost charged to temporary equity. The transaction costs were allocated based on the relative fair value basis, compared to the total offering proceeds, between the fair value of the public warrant liabilities and the Class A ordinary shares. As of October 25, 2022, and November 2, 2022, respectively, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. have waived their portions of the deferred underwriting fee payable which is reflected in the consolidated statement of operations and the consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ deficit as a reduction of transaction costs incurred in connection with the IPO. Therefore, the deferred underwriting fee was reduced by $9,056,250, of which $271,687 is shown in the consolidated statement of operations as a reduction of transaction costs incurred in connection with the IPO and $8,784,563 is charged to additional
paid-in
capital in the consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ deficit. As a result of the reductions, the outstanding deferred underwriting fee payable was reduced to $3,018,750.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheets.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheets.
Derivative Warrant Liabilities
Derivative Warrant Liabilities
The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates all of its financial instruments, including issued share purchase warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives, pursuant to ASC 480 and ASC
815-15.
The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is
re-assessed
at the end of each reporting period.
The Company accounts for its 14,891,667 ordinary shares warrants issued in connection with its Initial Public Offering (8,625,000) and Private Placement (6,266,667) as derivative warrant liabilities in accordance with ASC
815-40.
Accordingly, the Company recognizes the warrant instruments as liabilities at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The liabilities are subject to
re-measurement
at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants has been estimated using Monte Carlo simulations at each measurement date. The fair value of the Public Warrants was initially estimated using Monte Carlo simulations. After the Public Warrants were separately traded, the measurement of the Public Warrants used an observable market quote in an active market.
Derivative Warrant Liabilities
The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates all of its financial instruments, including issued share purchase warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives, pursuant to ASC 480 and ASC
815-15.
The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is
re-assessed
at the end of each reporting period.
The Company accounts for its 14,891,667 ordinary shares warrants issued in connection with its Initial Public Offering (8,625,000) and Private Placement (6,266,667) as derivative warrant liabilities in accordance with ASC
815-40.
Accordingly, the Company recognizes the warrant instruments as liabilities at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The liabilities are subject to
re-measurement
at each balance sheet date until exercised,
an
d any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants has been estimated using Monte Carlo simulations at each measurement date. The fair value of the Public Warrants was initially estimated using Monte Carlo simulations. After the Public Warrants were separately traded, the measurement of the Public Warrants used an observable market quote in an active market.
 
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that
included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.
There is currently no taxation imposed on income by the Government of the Cayman Islands. In accordance with federal income tax regulations, income taxes are not levied on the Company, but rather on the individual owners. United States (“U.S.”) taxation would occur on the individual owners if certain tax elections are made by U.S. owners and the Company were treated as a passive foreign investment company. The Company believes that it was a passive foreign investment company for the 2023 and 2022 taxable years. Additionally, U.S. taxation could occur to the Company itself if the Company is engaged in a U.S. trade or business. The Company is not expected to be treated as engaged in a U.S. trade or business at this time.
Income Taxes
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.
There is currently no taxation imposed on income by the Government of the Cayman Islands. In accordance with federal income tax regulations, income taxes are not levied on the Company, but rather on the individual owners. United States (“U.S.”) taxation would occur on the individual owners if certain tax elections are made by U.S. owners and the Company were treated as a passive foreign investment company. The Company believes that it was a passive foreign investment company for the 2021 and 2022 taxable years. Additionally, U.S. taxation could occur to the Company itself if the Company is engaged in a U.S. trade or business. The Company is not expected to be treated as engaged in a U.S. trade or business at this time.
Recent Accounting Standards
Recent Accounting Standards
In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)
2020-06,
“Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic
470-20)
and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic
815-40)
(“ASU
2020-06”)”
to simplify accounting for certain financial instruments. ASU
2020-06
eliminates the current models that require separation of beneficial conversion and cash conversion features from convertible instruments and simplifies the derivative scope exception guidance pertaining to equity classification of contracts in an entity’s own equity. The new standard also introduces additional disclosures for convertible debt and freestanding instruments that are indexed to and settled in an entity’s own equity. ASU
2020-06
amends the diluted earnings per share guidance, including the requirement to use the
if-converted
method for all convertible instruments. ASU
2020-06
is effective January 1, 2024 and should be applied on a full or modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted beginning on January 1, 2021. The guidance was adopted starting January 1, 2022. Adoption of the ASU did not impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU
2016-13
“Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU
2016-13”)
.
This update requires financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. Since June 2016, the FASB issued clarifying updates to the new standard including changing the effective date for smaller reporting companies. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU
2016-13
on January 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU
2016-13
did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Recent Accounting Standards
In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)
2020-06,
“Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic
470-20)
and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic
815-40)
(“ASU
2020-06”)”
to simplify accounting for certain financial instruments. ASU
2020-06
eliminates the current models that require separation of beneficial conversion and cash conversion features from convertible instruments and simplifies the derivative scope exception guidance pertaining to equity classification of contracts in an entity’s own equity. The new standard also introduces additional disclosures for convertible debt and freestanding instruments that are indexed to and settled in an entity’s own equity. ASU
2020-06
amends the diluted earnings per share guidance, including the requirement to use the
if-converted
method for all convertible instruments. ASU
2020-06
is effective January 1, 2024 and should be applied on a full or modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted beginning on January 1, 2021. The guidance was adopted starting January 1, 2022. Adoption of the ASU did not impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.