UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒          QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarter ended June 30, 2024

OR

☐          TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 001-40146

FORIAN INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	85-3467693
(State of Other Jurisdiction of incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

41 University Drive, Suite 400, Newtown, PA	18940
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (267) 225-6263

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	FORA	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically; every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.0405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b 2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☒	Smaller reporting company ☒
			Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b 2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of August 12, 2024, there were 31,110,865 shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, including shares of unvested restricted stock.

PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2023	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	4
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	38
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	38
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION	40
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	40
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	41
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	41
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	41
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	41
Item 5.	Other Information	41
Item 6.	Exhibits	42
Signatures		43

FORIAN INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF JUNE 30, 2024 AND DECEMBER 31, 2023

Item 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Unaudited Data

	June 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
	Unaudited
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,999,118		$	6,042,986
Marketable securities		46,011,230			42,296,589
Accounts receivable, net		3,670,368			2,572,931
Proceeds receivable from sale of discontinued operations, net		—			1,645,954
Contract assets		955,355			1,126,713
Prepaid expenses		1,015,985			1,077,233
Other current assets		2,783,185			2,515,509
Total current assets		56,435,241			57,277,915
Property and equipment, net		59,309			76,085
Right of use assets, net		46,876			10,664
Deposits and other assets		1,828,425			1,523,948
Total assets	$	58,369,851		$	58,888,612
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		1,489,766			161,590
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		3,320,571			4,252,257
Short-term operating lease liabilities		22,872			10,664
Warrant liability		20			563
Deferred revenues		3,202,703			2,413,551
Total current liabilities		8,035,932			6,838,625
Long-term liabilities:
Other long-term liabilities		524,004			1,000,000
Convertible notes payable, net of debt issuance costs (Note 11) ($6,000,000 in principal is held by a related party. Refer to Note 14)		24,175,094			24,870,181
Total long-term liabilities		24,699,098			25,870,181
Total liabilities		32,735,030			32,708,806
Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)
		—			—
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock; par value $0.001; 5,000,000 Shares authorized; 0 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023		—			—
Common Stock; par value $0.001; 95,000,000 Shares authorized; 31,110,187 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and 30,920,450 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023		31,110			30,920
Additional paid-in capital		77,054,999			73,834,300
Accumulated deficit		(51,451,288	)		(47,685,414	)
Total stockholders’ equity		25,634,821			26,179,806
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	58,369,851		$	58,888,612

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

1

FORIAN INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,						For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Revenue	$	4,777,101		$	4,893,542		$	9,654,479		$	9,763,929
Costs and Expenses:
Cost of revenues		1,806,918			1,276,712			3,510,275			2,528,927
Research and development		307,201			304,187			697,090			835,876
Sales and marketing		1,017,659			1,237,327			2,072,800			2,433,519
General and administrative		3,665,601			3,198,290			6,949,090			6,753,765
Separation expenses		—			—			—			599,832
Litigation settlements and related expenses		942,311			350,309			1,151,276			434,660
Depreciation and amortization		7,889			15,257			16,776			53,687
Total costs and expenses		7,747,579			6,382,082			14,397,307			13,640,266
Operating Loss From Continuing Operations		(2,970,478	)		(1,488,540	)		(4,742,828	)		(3,876,337	)
Other Income (Expense):
Change in fair value of warrant liability		430			8,053			543			2,494
Interest and investment income		618,316			637,032			1,293,473			1,019,954
Gain on sale of investment		—			—			48,612			—
Interest expense		(193,306	)		(210,758	)		(392,269	)		(419,214	)
Gain on debt redemption		—			—			137,356			—
Total other income, net		425,440			434,327			1,087,715			603,234
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes		(2,545,038	)		(1,054,213	)		(3,655,113	)		(3,273,103	)
Income tax expense		(8,221	)		(36,187	)		(110,761	)		(66,096	)
Loss from continuing operations, net of tax		(2,553,259	)		(1,090,400	)		(3,765,874	)		(3,339,199	)
Loss from discontinued operations		—			—			—			(94,427	)
Gain on sale of discontinued operations		—			—			—			11,531,849
Income tax effect on discontinued operations		—			(32,426	)		—			(2,722,570	)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax		—			(32,426	)		—			8,714,852
Net (Loss) Income	$	(2,553,259	)	$	(1,122,826	)	$	(3,765,874	)	$	5,375,653
Net (loss) income per share:
Basic and diluted
Continuing operations	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.12	)	$	(0.10	)
Discontinued operations		—			—			—			0.27
Net (loss) income per share - basic and diluted	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.12	)	$	0.17
Weighted-average shares outstanding		31,098,497			32,260,992			31,049,647			32,369,904

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

FORIAN INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

	Preferred Stock				Common Stock
	Shares		Par Value @ $0.001 per share		Shares			Par Value @ $0.001 per share		Additional Paid In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at January 1, 2024		—	$	—		30,920,450		$	30,920	$	73,834,300		$	(47,685,414	)	$	26,179,806
Vesting of Restricted Stock and Stock Awards, net of shares surrendered for taxes		—		—		170,260			170		(81,533	)		—			(81,363	)
Issuance of Forian common stock upon exercise of stock options		—		—		2,462			3		(3	)		—			—
Repurchase and retirement of common stock, net of excise taxes		—		—		—			—		—			—			—
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		—			—		1,658,915			—			1,658,915
Net loss		—		—		—			—		—			(1,212,615	)		(1,212,615	)
Balance at March 31, 2024		—		—		31,093,172			31,093		75,411,679			(48,898,029	)		26,544,743
Vesting of Restricted Stock and Stock Awards, net of shares surrendered for taxes		—		—		17,127			17		(19,316	)		—			(19,299	)
Issuance of Forian common stock upon exercise of stock options		—		—		(112	)		—		—			—			—
Stock based compensation expense		—		—		—			—		1,662,636			—			1,662,636
Net loss		—		—		—			—		—			(2,553,259	)		(2,553,259	)
Balance at June 30, 2024		—	$	—		31,110,187		$	31,110	$	77,054,999		$	(51,451,288	)	$	25,634,821

	Preferred Stock				Common Stock
	Shares		Par Value @ $0.001 per share		Shares		Par Value @ $0.001 per share		Additional Paid In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at January 1, 2023		—	$	—		32,251,326	$	32,251	$	71,182,326		$	(58,792,101	)	$	12,422,476
Vesting of Restricted Stock and Stock Awards, net of shares surrendered for taxes		—		—		166,615		167		(94,766	)		—			(94,599	)
Issuance of Forian common stock upon exercise of stock options		—		—		901		1		(1	)		—			—
Issuance of Forian common stock upon exercise of warrants		—		—		—		—		—			—			—
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—		1,580,925			—			1,580,925
Net income		—		—		—		—		—			6,498,479			6,498,479
Balance at March 31, 2023		—		—		32,418,842		32,419		72,668,484			(52,293,622	)		20,407,281
Vesting of Restricted Stock and Stock Awards, net of shares surrendered for taxes		—		—		33,209		33		(32,791	)		—			(32,758	)
Stock based compensation expense		—		—		—		—		1,540,342			—			1,540,342
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—			(1,122,826	)		(1,122,826	)
Balance at June 30, 2023		—	$	—		32,452,051	$	32,452	$	74,176,035		$	(53,416,448	)	$	20,792,039

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

FORIAN INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net (loss) income	$	(3,765,874	)	$	5,375,653
Less: Income from discontinued operations		—			8,714,852
Loss from continuing operations		(3,765,874	)		(3,339,199	)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		16,776			53,687
Amortization on right of use asset		10,664			11,724
Amortization of debt issuance costs		2,667			2,667
Amortization of discount - proceeds from sale of discontinued operations		(20,712	)		(245,041	)
Accrued interest on convertible notes		389,602			416,548
Accretion of discounts on marketable securities		(1,237,337	)		(767,533	)
Gain on sale of investment		(48,612	)		—
Gain on debt redemption		(137,356	)		—
Provision for doubtful accounts		168,750			—
Stock-based compensation expense		3,321,551			3,368,575
Change in fair value of warrant liability		(543	)		(2,494	)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(1,266,187	)		(2,030,800	)
Contract assets		171,358			442,616
Prepaid expenses		61,248			(132,344	)
Lease liabilities		(21,624	)		(11,724	)
Deposits and other assets		(572,153	)		(235,656	)
Accounts payable		1,328,176			605,437
Accrued expenses		(931,686	)		(236,088	)
Deferred revenues		789,152			681,476
Other liabilities		(489,040	)		—
Net cash used in operating activities - continuing operations		(2,231,180	)		(1,418,149	)
Net cash used in operating activities - discontinued operations		—			(59,075	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(2,231,180	)		(1,477,224	)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Additions to property and equipment		—			(75,493	)
Purchase of marketable securities		(87,732,380	)		(61,573,237	)
Sale and maturity of marketable securities		85,255,076			41,392,821
Proceeds from sale of investment		48,612			—
Net cash from sale of discontinued operations		1,666,666			21,967,193
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities - continuing operations		(762,026	)		1,711,284
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities		(762,026	)		1,711,284
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Tax payments related to shares withheld for vested restricted stock units		(100,662	)		(127,357	)
Cash used to redeem convertible notes		(950,000	)		—
Net cash used in financing activities - continuing operations		(1,050,662	)		(127,357	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(1,050,662	)		(127,357	)
Net change in cash		(4,043,868	)		106,703
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		6,042,986			2,795,743
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	1,999,118		$	2,902,446
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	—		$	—
Cash paid for taxes	$	48,492		$	1,423,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

FORIAN INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1
BUSINESS ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Forian Inc. (the “Company” or “Forian”) was incorporated in Delaware on October 15, 2020 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Medical Outcomes Research Analytics, LLC (“MOR”) for the purpose of effecting the business combination with Helix Technologies, Inc. (“Helix”). Forian provides a unique suite of data management capabilities and proprietary information and analytics solutions to optimize and measure operational, clinical and financial performance for customers within the healthcare and life sciences industries.

The business combination with Helix in March 2021 was accounted for as a reverse acquisition using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), with the Company deemed the accounting acquirer for financial reporting purposes. Helix provided software and analytics solutions to state governments and licensed operators in the cannabis industry, primarily through its subsidiary, Bio-Tech Medical Software, Inc. (“BioTrack”), until its sale of BioTrack in 2023.

On February 10, 2023, Helix completed the sale of 100% of the outstanding capital stock of BioTrack; on March 3, 2022, Helix completed the sale of the assets of its security monitoring business; and on October 31, 2022, Helix completed the sale of 100% of the outstanding membership interest of its Engeni LLC subsidiary (these businesses are collectively referred to as the “Helix Businesses”). As a result of these transactions, Helix has no remaining active operations and the Company no longer provides products or services to the cannabis industry. The results of the Helix Businesses are presented as discontinued operations in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and, as such, have been excluded from continuing operations. The Company will continue to provide analytics solutions to customers within the healthcare and life sciences industries. For further discussion on the discontinued operations, refer to Note 4.

Note 2 BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Certain footnotes and other financial information normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of June 30, 2024. The operating results presented herein are not necessarily an indication of the results that may be expected for the year. The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 29, 2024.

Note 3
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of (i) Medical Outcomes Research Analytics, LLC and (ii) Helix Technologies, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries including Helix Legacy, Inc. (f/k/a Security Grade Protective Services, Ltd.), Green Tree International, Inc. and Bio-Tech Medical Software, Inc. (through February 10, 2023, on which date 100% of the outstanding capital stock of Bio-Tech Medical Software, Inc. was sold). All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

5

Discontinued Operations

On February 10, 2023, Helix completed the sale of 100% of the outstanding capital stock of its wholly owned subsidiary, BioTrack.

As the sale of BioTrack, the security monitoring business and Engeni, LLC, together, represented a strategic shift that will have a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results, they have been presented in discontinued operations separate from continuing operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, as applicable. The results from operations and gain (loss) on sale of the security monitoring business and Engeni LLC, net, was previously classified as part of continuing operations as their disposition individually did not have a major impact on the business prior to the sale of BioTrack. For further discussion, refer to Note 4.

Use of Estimates

Preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgements and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses together with amounts disclosed in the related notes to the financial statements. The significant areas of estimation include but are not limited to accounting for the allowance for credit losses, income taxes, contingencies, discontinued operations and stock-based compensation. Certain of the Company’s estimates could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to the Company and general economic conditions. It is possible that the external factors could have an effect on the Company’s estimates and could cause actual results to differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period financial statements to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. Certain litigation related costs that were previously included in general and administrative expenses in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified to Litigation settlements and related expenses to be consistent with the current presentation.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the guidance of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an ordinary transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 — quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable; and

Level 3 — inputs that are unobservable.

6

The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments, such as cash, marketable securities, accounts receivable and accrued liabilities and other liabilities approximate fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The estimated fair value of the Company’s warrant liabilities as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $20 and $563, respectively, based on Level 3 inputs. Refer to Note 10.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Credit Risk

The Company considers all cash accounts that are not subject to withdrawal restrictions and highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less, when purchased, as cash and cash equivalents.

The Company maintains cash with major financial institutions. Cash held at U.S. bank institutions is currently insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000 at each institution, as the coverage is based on individually titled accounts. The portion of deposits in excess of FDIC coverage is not protected by such insurance and represents a credit risk to the Company. At times, the Company’s deposits exceed this coverage.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of an allowance for credit losses. The Company determines the allowance for credit losses based on historical write-off experience, customer specific facts and economic conditions.

Outstanding account balances are reviewed individually for collectability. The allowance for credit losses is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. Allowance for credit losses was $168,750 at June 30, 2024 and $0 at December 31, 2023.

Management charges account balances against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.

Proceeds Receivable From Sale of Discontinued Operations, Net

In February 2023, the Company received a note for $10,000,000 payable in twelve equal monthly installments as partial consideration for the sale of BioTrack (see Note 4 – Discontinued Operations). As of June 30, 2024, the note has been fully paid. The Company recognized $0 and $20,712 and $190,000 and $245,041 of amortization of the $410,000 original discount recorded on the note interest as investment income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with FASB Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”).

Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when (or as) customers obtain control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which is expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. The Company recognizes revenue following the five-step model prescribed under ASC 606: (i) identify contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract; and (v) recognize revenues when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company applies the provisions of ASC 606 to an arrangement when a substantive contract exists and collectability is probable.

7

The Company derives revenue primarily from license fees for the Company’s information products. Information products contracts are generally for a period of one month to five years. Information products’ customers may access data analytics products through the use of tools provided by the Company or by utilizing their own tools per the contract. Data products may consist of historical information as it exists at the time of delivery or information that will be updated over a period of time as agreed with the customer. In most cases, the provision of information products is considered a single performance obligation. In cases where the Company is not obligated to update information over the access period and control over the use of the products passes to the customer when delivered, revenue is recognized when the information products are made available to the customer. In cases where information updates are provided over the contract term, they are considered highly interrelated with the information product delivered upon contract inception and revenue is recognized ratably over the life of the contract. Customers are generally invoiced according to monthly, quarterly or annual amounts specified in the contract. Any amounts invoiced in excess of revenue recognized are recorded as deferred revenue. Revenue recognized in excess of amounts invoiced is recorded as a contract asset.

In some cases, contracts provide for variable consideration that is contingent upon the occurrence of uncertain future events, which can either increase or decrease the transaction price, including sales of products by customers derived from data analytics products the Company provides and the volume of data available for future information updates. Variable consideration based on sales of products by customers is recognized in the period of sales, subject to minimum amounts specified in contracts. Variable consideration is estimated at the expected value or at the most likely amount depending on the type of consideration. Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The estimate of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company and reevaluated each reporting period. The effect of revisions in recognized estimated variable consideration in excess of minimums are recorded beginning in the period in which the estimates are revised. Actual results could differ from periodic estimates.

Significant judgments and estimates are sometimes necessary for the determination of whether performance obligations in a contract are distinct and whether they are delivered at a point in time or over time. Judgement is also necessary to assess revenue recognized under contingent revenue arrangements.

Contract acquisition costs, which consist of sales commissions paid or payable, are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions for initial and renewal contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over the contract term.

During November 2020, the Company entered into a Master Services Agreement (the “November 2020 Agreement”) with a customer to provide information services described in certain statements of work under the November 2020 Agreement. As part of the November 2020 Agreement, the Company was granted shares of restricted stock representing approximately 23.4% of the outstanding common stock of the customer at the time of issuance, vesting in quarterly increments specified in the November 2020 Agreement through December 2023. Concurrently, the Company entered into a Stockholders Agreement specifying its voting and other rights as a stockholder. As a result, the Company determined that it did not exert influence over the customer. ASC 606-10-32-21 requires an entity to measure the fair value of noncash consideration at contract inception. The fair value of the restricted stock was determined to be $0 on the date of inception. The Company recorded revenue from the customer of $798,320 and $1,596,454 and $654,489 and $1,306,251 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company had outstanding accounts receivable from this customer of $796,789 and $1,827 at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

8

On July 21, 2023, the customer merged with Vox Merger Sub, Inc. As a result of the merger, the Company received $5,805,858 of cash proceeds, net of holdbacks, in consideration for all of its equity interest in the customer, which was recorded as gain on sale of investment during the year ended December 31, 2023. Forian may receive additional earnout payments in 2025 and 2026 in an aggregate amount of up to approximately $3,600,000 if certain conditions are met.

Contract assets and deferred revenues consist of the following as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	Contract Assets									Contract Liability
	Costs of obtaining contracts			Unbilled revenue			Total			Deferred Revenue
Balance at January 1, 2023	$	158,016		$	2,094,942		$	2,252,958		$	2,581,287
Beginning deferred revenue balance recognized during the period		—			—			—			(2,581,286	)
Net change due to timing of billings, payments and recognition		(50,684	)		(1,075,561	)		(1,126,245	)		2,413,550
Balance at December 31, 2023		107,332			1,019,381			1,126,713			2,413,551
Beginning deferred revenue balance recognized during the period		—			—			—			(2,133,447	)
Net change due to timing of billings, payments and recognition		(9,881	)		(161,477	)		(171,358	)		2,922,599
Balance at June 30, 2024	$	97,451		$	857,904		$	955,355		$	3,202,703

Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes unearned revenue and unbilled amounts that will be recognized as revenue in future periods. The amount of deferred revenue recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $384,771 and $2,133,447 and $501,596 and $2,168,624, respectively. The majority of the Company’s noncurrent remaining performance obligations will be recognized over the next 36 months.

The transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Estimated next twelve months	$	16,191,125	$	17,202,223
Thereafter		16,944,792		20,831,200
Total	$	33,135,917	$	38,033,423

Segment Information

FASB ASC 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the chief executive officer, who reviews the financial performance and the results of operations of the segments prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Company.

9

As discussed above, the Company disposed of its businesses servicing the cannabis industry in 2023, and has reclassified its historical results as discontinued operations. As such, the Company’s continuing operations are comprised of a single reportable segment providing analytic and information services to the healthcare and life sciences industries.

Customer Concentration

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company had two customers representing 16.7% and 11.6% and 16.5% and 12.7% of revenue, respectively. At June 30, 2024, the Company had four customers representing 21.9%, 20.8%, 12.1% and 10.1% of accounts receivable.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company had two customers representing 13.4% and 12.6% of revenue, in both of the respective periods. At June 30, 2023, the Company had three customers representing 34.7%, 14.3% and 11.8% of accounts receivable.

Vendors and Licensors

The Company licenses certain information assets from third parties as a key input to certain Information and Software products. Any disruptions associated with these suppliers could have a material short-term impact on the business while alternate sources are secured. The information licenses specify content deliverables and specified use rights for a fixed fee and time period. Payment terms for information licenses generally consist of upfront payments and annual licensing fees. The Company expenses the contract costs over the expected period of benefit and records any differences between amounts expensed and payments incurred as other assets or liabilities on a contract by contract basis. Payments for licensed information, including the changes in related assets and liabilities, are classified within “Net cash provided by operating activities” on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. In cases where the Company pays variable fees based on content usage, such costs are expensed as incurred.

Vendor Concentration

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the Company had two vendors representing 13.5% and 11.2%, respectively, of purchases and expenses and during the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company had three vendors representing 14.3%, 11.9% and 10.1%, respectively, of purchases and expenses.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company had two vendors representing 18.6% and 14.1% and 14.0% and 13.2%, respectively, of purchases and expenses.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation, which is recorded commencing at the in-service date using the straight-line method at rates sufficient to charge the cost of depreciable assets to operations over their estimated useful lives, which are 1 to 7 years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.

10

Contingencies

Occasionally, the Company may be involved in claims and legal proceedings arising from the ordinary course of its business. The Company records a provision for a liability when it believes that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If these estimates and assumptions change or prove to be incorrect, it could have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Contingencies are inherently unpredictable and the assessments of the value can involve a series of complex judgments about future events and can rely heavily on estimates and assumptions.

Advertising

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in sales and marketing expenses and amounted to $24,864 and $60,506 and $20,294 and $35,419 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Net Income (Loss) per Share

The calculation of earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares or common stock equivalents outstanding during the applicable period. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents is excluded from basic earnings per share and is included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, unless their impact is antidilutive to the “control number,” which is income (loss) from operations. Convertible notes, employee stock options, employee restricted stock awards and similar equity instruments granted by the Company are treated as potential ordinary shares outstanding in computing diluted earnings per share. Diluted shares outstanding are calculated using the as if converted method for convertible notes and the treasury stock method for other potentially dilutive securities. Under the as if converted method, the dilutive impact of securities is calculated as if conversion occurred at the beginning of the reporting period. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options, the amount of compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized and the amount of benefits that would be recorded in common shares when the award becomes deductible for tax purposes are assumed to be used to repurchase shares.

Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity

The Company relies on the guidance provided by ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging: Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815-40”), to classify certain redeemable and/or convertible instruments. The Company first determines whether a financial instrument should be classified as a liability. The Company will determine the liability classification if the financial instrument is mandatorily redeemable, or if the financial instrument, other than outstanding shares, embodies a conditional obligation that the Company must or may settle by issuing a variable number of its equity shares.

Once the Company determines that a financial instrument should not be classified as a liability, the Company determines whether the financial instrument should be presented between the liability section and the equity section of the balance sheet (“temporary equity”). The Company will determine temporary equity classification if the redemption of the financial instrument is outside the control of the Company (i.e. at the option of the holder). Otherwise, the Company accounts for the financial instrument as permanent equity.

11

Initial Measurement

The Company records its financial instruments classified as liability, temporary equity or permanent equity at issuance at the fair value, or cash received.

Subsequent Measurement – Financial instruments classified as liabilities

The Company records the fair value of its financial instruments classified as liabilities at each subsequent measurement date. The changes in fair value of its financial instruments classified as liabilities are recorded as other expense/income.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company’s 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (“2020 Plan”) permits the grant of stock options, restricted stock awards and/or restricted stock units. A total of 4,000,000 shares of Company common stock were originally authorized and reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan. On June 15, 2022, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2020 Plan, which amended the 2020 Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance by 2,400,000 shares to a total of 6,400,000 shares. Stock options represent the right to purchase Company common stock at the exercise price on the date of grant of the stock option at a future date. Restricted stock awards are grants of shares of Company common stock. Restricted stock units represent the right to receive shares of Company common stock on future specified dates. Stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units granted contain restrictions that cause them to be subject to substantial risk of forfeiture and restrict their exercise, sale or other transfer by the grantee until they vest. The terms of the stock options, restricted stock awards and units granted under the 2020 Plan are determined by the Board of Directors in the agreement evidencing the award, including the number of shares, period of restriction or vesting schedule and other terms. The fair value of the stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units is based on the underlying grant date fair value of Company common stock. The fair value is then expensed over the requisite service periods of the awards, net of forfeitures, which is generally the service period and the related amount is recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC 740 (“ASC 740”). Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, which are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The provision for income taxes represents Federal and state and local income taxes. The effective rate differs from statutory rates due to the effect of state and local income taxes, tax benefit of R&D credits and certain nondeductible expenses. Our effective tax rate will change from quarter to quarter based on recurring and non-recurring factors including, but not limited to, the geographical mix of earnings, enacted tax legislation and state and local income taxes. In addition, changes in judgment from the evaluation of new information resulting in the recognition, derecognition, or re-measurement of a tax position taken in a prior annual period is recognized separately in the quarter of the change.

12

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized net income tax expense of $8,221 and $110,761 and $36,187 and $66,096, respectively. The Company claims R&D tax credits on eligible R&D expenditures. The R&D tax credits are recognized as a reduction to income tax expense.

The Company recognized a taxable gain on sale of discontinued operations for the six months ended June 30, 2023, which resulted in utilization of certain available federal and state net operating loss carryforwards. As a result, the Company recorded income taxes related to discontinued operations of $2,722,570 after utilization of federal and state net operating losses during the six months ended June 30, 2023. Income taxes related to discontinued operations for the three months ended June 30, 2023 result from adjustments to estimates impacting intraperiod tax allocations.

The Company files a consolidated U.S. income tax return and tax returns in certain state and local jurisdictions. As of June 30, 2024, the Company is not currently under any examination in any tax jurisdiction.

Tax contingencies are recorded, if needed, to address potential exposure involving tax positions the Company has taken that could be challenged by tax authorities. These potential exposures could result from applications of various statutes, rules, regulations and interpretations. Any estimates of tax contingencies contain assumptions and judgments about potential actions by taxing jurisdictions. Any interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions would be included as part of the income tax provision. The Company’s conclusions regarding uncertain tax positions may be subject to review and adjustment at a later date based upon ongoing analysis of or changes in tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof as well as other factors.

Separation Expenses

Effective February 10, 2023, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, President and Class II member of the Board of Directors resigned. In connection with the resignation, the Company entered into a separation agreement providing for, among other things, (i) salary continuation for twelve months and (ii) accelerated vesting of 106,656 unvested restricted shares of Company common stock. Separation expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023, include $250,000 related to the salary continuation and $349,832 related to the accelerated vesting of stock.

In addition, the Company records normal course of business severance expenses in the operating expense line item related to its employees’ activities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires additional disclosures related to rate reconciliation, income taxes paid and other disclosures. Under ASU 2023-09, for each annual periods presented, public entities are required to (1) disclose specific categories in the tabular rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. In addition, ASU 2023-09 requires all reporting entities to disclose on an annual basis the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by federal, state and foreign taxes as well as the amount of income taxes paid by individual jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and can be applied on a prospective basis with an option to apply the standard retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09 on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

13

In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”). ASU 2023-07 improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this update require public companies to disclose on an annual and interim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and require that a public entity disclose, on an annual and interim basis, an amount for other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition. In addition, the amendment requires that a public entity provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets currently required in interim periods and require that a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-07 on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. This amendment will go into effect for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024.

The Company has considered all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe the adoption of such pronouncements will have a material impact on its financial statements.

Note 4
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Helix Businesses Discontinued Operations

On February 10, 2023, Helix completed the sale of 100% of the outstanding capital stock of its wholly owned subsidiary, BioTrack, in exchange for $30,000,000, consisting of $20,000,000 paid at closing and $10,000,000 paid in twelve unconditional monthly installments thereafter. In March 2022, Helix sold its security monitoring business and in October 2022, Helix sold its Argentinian subsidiary Engeni LLC. The security monitoring business, BioTrack and Engeni are collectively referred to as the “Helix Businesses.” As a result of these transactions, as of February 10, 2023, the Company no longer provides products or services to the cannabis industry. The Company continues to provide analytics solutions to customers in the healthcare and life sciences industries.

The Helix Businesses have been presented in discontinued operations separate from continuing operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

The Company recorded a gain on the sale of the outstanding capital stock of its BioTrack business of $11,531,849 and a loss from discontinued operations of $94,427 during the six months ended June 30, 2023, which is included as part of discontinued operations. The Company also recorded income taxes related to discontinued operations of $32,426 and $2,722,570 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

14

The following table summarizes the major income and expense line items of the Helix Businesses as reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, through the date of sale:

	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2023			For the Six Months  Ended June 30, 2023
Income and expense line items related to Helix Businesses:
Revenues:
Information and Software	$	—		$	1,121,677
Services		—			179,798
Total revenues		—			1,301,475
Costs and Expenses:
Cost of revenues		—			699,015
Research and development		—			160,164
Sales and marketing		—			35,005
General and administrative		—			129,283
Depreciation and amortization		—			372,435
Total costs and expenses		—			1,395,902
Net loss from discontinued operations for Helix Businesses before income taxes		—			(94,427	)
Gain on sale of discontinued operations		—			11,531,849
Income tax expense		(32,426	)		(2,722,570	)
Net gain from discontinued operations, net of tax for Helix Businesses	$	(32,426	)	$	8,714,852

Note 5
MARKETABLE SECURITIES

Marketable securities are stated at estimated fair value based upon current market quotes (level 1 inputs) and are classified as available-for-sale. Realized gains and losses are included in investment income. Unrealized gains and losses are immaterial and therefore the Company has presented such amounts within investment income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Marketable securities consists of U.S. Treasury Bills. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, marketable securities consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
United States Treasury Bills
Amortized Cost	$	46,009,675	$	42,289,441
Fair Market Value	$	46,011,230	$	42,296,589

Note 6 PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

The Company has various agreements which require upfront and periodic payments. The Company records the expenses related to these agreements ratably over the annual terms. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s balance sheet reflected prepaid expenses of $1,015,985 and $1,077,233, respectively, primarily relating to various software and information licenses and insurance policies with durations ranging from 3 months to 1 year.

15

Included in other current assets as of June 30, 2024, are income taxes receivable of $1,828,123, deferred license costs of $760,259 and amounts receivable from employees of $148,130.

Included in current other assets as of December 31, 2023, are income taxes receivable of $1,890,391, deferred license costs of $381,820 and amounts receivable from employees of $236,364.

Note 7
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, property and equipment were comprised of the following:

	June 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Personal computing equipment	$	94,521		$	94,521
Office equipment and capitalized software		73,260			73,260
Total		167,781			167,781
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(108,472	)		(91,696	)
Property and equipment, net	$	59,309		$	76,085

Note 8
DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, deposits and other assets included $1,718,167 and $1,390,156 of assets related to information license vendors, respectively (see Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Vendors and Licensors).

Note 9
ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 accrued expenses were comprised of the following:

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Employee compensation	$	968,961	$	1,546,614
Information Contracts (see Note 3 - Vendors and Licensors)		1,440,592		1,533,861
Accrued expenses		911,018		1,171,782
Total	$	3,320,571	$	4,252,257

Note 10
WARRANT LIABILITY

In conjunction with the business combination with Helix, outstanding warrants to purchase Helix common stock were converted to warrants to purchase Company common stock. As the warrant holders have the option to receive cash in lieu of common stock in certain circumstances, the Company determined that the warrants require classification as a liability pursuant to ASC 815-40. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, the outstanding warrants are recognized as a warrant liability on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and were measured at their inception date fair value (the closing date of the business combination with Helix) and subsequently remeasured to fair value at each reporting period with changes being recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company had 9,375 and 55,121 warrants outstanding classified as liabilities, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, 41,579 and 36,936 warrants expired, respectively.

16

The fair value of the Company’s warrant liability, measured at Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy,  was calculated using the Black-Scholes model using the following inputs:

	As of June 30, 2024		As of December 31, 2023
Fair value of Company's common stock	$	2.65	$	2.93
Dividend yield		0%		0%
Expected volatility		80%		68% - 83%
Risk free interest rate		5.00%		5.06% - 5.54%
Expected life (years)		0.30		0.30
Exercise price	$