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Share capital and share-based compensation (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Share Capital, Reserves And Other Equity Interest [Abstract]  
Schedule of Outstanding Shares
The changes in the Company’s outstanding common shares were as follows:

For theNine months endedYear ended
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Number of shares (in millions)Capital StockNumber of shares (in millions)Capital Stock
Balance, beginning of the period176.1 $772.4 163.2 $672.1 
Exercise of RSUs0.8 6.7 0.3 4.1 
Exercise of stock options1.3 0.6 1.6 0.5 
Exercise of warrants (Note 18)
— — 5.7 46.0 
Issuance of shares to LG Energy Solution, Ltd. and LG Chem, Ltd.— — 5.3 49.7 
Unwinding of Non-controlling interest— (0.4)— — 
Balance, end of the period178.2 $779.3 176.1 $772.4 
Summary of number and weighted average exercise prices of stock options
A summary of stock option activities is as follows:
For the nine months ended September 30,20232022
$ millions, except number of optionsNumber of
stock options		Weighted average
exercise price of
 stock options		Number of
stock options		Weighted average
exercise price of
 stock options
Balance, beginning of the period4,368,732 $4.58 5,328,279 $2.88 
Granted1,088,500 5.76 732,104 7.58
Exercised(1,541,514)0.73 (1,467,647)0.45
Forfeited(127,438)10.33 (2,619)10.93
Balance, end of the period3,788,280 6.29 4,590,117 4.40
Exercisable stock options1,994,145 5.71 3,332,753 2.65
A summary of the outstanding stock options is as follows:
As of September 30,2023
PlanRange of exercise pricesNumber of stock optionsWeighted-average remaining contractual life (years)Expiration year
Legacy Plans
$ 0.37 - 2.15
1,012,1615.91April 2024 - February 2031
LTIP Plans
4.94 - 13.20
2,776,1198.58August 2031 - May 2033
3,788,280
Summary of assumptions used in stock option pricing The assumptions used in the stock option pricing model for the grants during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were as follows:
Risk free interest rate
3.45% - 3.59%
Expected life of options6 years
Expected dividend yield0%
Expected stock price volatility
57.81% - 58.65%
Expected forfeiture rate
0.146% - 4.127%
Summary of restricted stock unit activity
A summary of RSU activities is as follows:

For the nine months ended September 30,20232022
$ millions, except number of RSUs Number of
RSUs		Weighted average share price on grant dateNumber of
RSUs		Weighted average share price on grant date
Balance, beginning of the period2,000,6808.69938,75211.47
Granted2,322,2255.631,480,6187.66
Exercised(784,426)8.46(317,619)11.22
Forfeited(257,654)7.63(53,823)10.04 
Balance, end of the period3,280,8256.662,047,9288.79