Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jul. 31, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2023
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Entity Registrant Name	VIGIL NEUROSCIENCE, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001827087
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Trading Symbol	VIGL
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		35,873,421
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity File Number	001-41200
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	85-1880494
Entity Address, Address Line One	100 Forge Road,
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 700
Entity Address, City or Town	Watertown
Entity Address, State or Province	MA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	02472
City Area Code	857
Local Phone Number	254-4445
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false