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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes (the “Financial Statements”) have been prepared in conformity with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) requirements for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and consequently exclude certain disclosures normally included in audited consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).These Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as well as the financial statements of Sky for the year ended December 31, 2021 file by the Company on its Current Reports on Form 8-K/A on March 28, 2022, which includes additional disclosures and a summary of our significant accounting policies. In the Company’s opinion, these Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary by management to fairly state the Company’s results of operation, financial position, and cash flows. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. Except for per share data, all dollar amounts are in thousands unless otherwise noted.

 

Notwithstanding the legal form of the Yellowstone Transaction pursuant to the terms therein, the Yellowstone Transaction was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP (the “Reverse Recapitalization”). Under this method of accounting, SHG was treated as the acquired company for financial reporting purposes, and Sky was treated as the accounting acquirer. In accordance with this accounting method, the Yellowstone Transaction was treated as the equivalent of Sky issuing stock for the net assets of Yellowstone, accompanied by a recapitalization.

 

Sky was deemed the accounting acquirer for purposes of the Yellowstone Transaction based on an evaluation of the following facts and circumstances:

         

• The LLC Interests, through their ownership of the Class B Common Stock, hold a majority voting interest in the Company;

         

• The LLC Interests have the ability to nominate and elect the majority of the Company’s Board of Directors;

         

• Sky’s senior management team comprises the senior management of the Company; and

 

• Sky’s assets were larger in relative size compared to Yellowstone’s assets prior to the Yellowstone Transaction.

 

Thus, the financial statements included in this quarterly report for the three months ended March 31, 2022 reflect (i) the historical operating results of Sky prior to the Yellowstone Transaction; (ii) the combined results of Sky and SHG from the date of the Yellowstone Transaction; and (iii) the net assets of SH (formerly Yellowstone) were stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.

 

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Such estimates include the estimates of collectability of tenant lease payments, assumptions used within impairment analyses, estimated useful lives of depreciable assets and amortizable costs, estimates of inputs utilized in determining incentive compensation expense and financial instruments such as warrants, and estimates and assumptions related to right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

 

Risks and Uncertainties [Policy Text Block]

Risks and Uncertainties

 

The Company’s operations have been limited to-date. For most of its history, the Company was engaged in securing access to land through ground leases, and developing and constructing aviation hangars. The major risks faced by the Company is its future ability to obtain additional tenants for the facilities that it constructs, and to contract with such tenants for rental income in an amount that is sufficient to meet the Company’s financial obligations, including increasing construction costs.

 

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus 2019 (“COVID-19”) a global pandemic. The outbreak of COVID-19 caused severe disruptions in the global economy and has adversely impacted businesses and financial markets. During 2020, the Company experienced delays in construction due to COVID-19 mandates such as physical distancing, supply chain issues, and subcontractor availability. In 2020, there was a significant slowdown in the aviation sector in general due to decreased travel which has since eased, particularly in private aviation. During 2021 and 2022 to-date, vaccinations for COVID-19 have become widely distributed among the general population which has resulted in loosened restrictions previously mandated. However, the potential emergence of vaccine-resistant variants of COVID-19 could result in restrictions being mandated again or affect the timing of loosened restrictions. The Company’s management is not able, at this time, to determine what, if any, the ultimate impact COVID-19 will have on its future financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources [Policy Text Block]

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As a result of ongoing construction projects and business development activities, including the development of aircraft hangars and the leasing of available hangar space, the Company has incurred recurring losses and negative cash flows from operating activities since its inception. The Company expects to continue to invest in such activities and generate operating losses in the near future.

 

The Company obtained long-term financing through bond and equity offerings to fund its construction, lease, and operational commitments, and believes its liquidity is sufficient to allow continued operations for more than one year after the date these financial statements are issued.

 

Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Consolidation

 

SHG is deemed to have a controlling interest of Sky through its appointment as the Managing Member of Sky, in which SHG has control over the affairs and decision-making of Sky. The interests in Sky not owned by the Company are presented as non-controlling interests. Sky’s ownership percentage in each of its consolidated subsidiaries is 100%. There are no unconsolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which Sky is considered to be the primary beneficiary.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash and Restricted Cash

 

The Company’s cash is held at a major commercial bank, which cash balance may at times exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limit. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on its cash deposits.

 

Pursuant to the Company’s bond offering described in Note 8, various restricted trust bank accounts were established. Such trust bank accounts are included in Restricted cash and Restricted investments on the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

 

Investment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Restricted Investments Held-to-Maturity

 

Pursuant to provisions within the Master Indenture of the Series 2021 Bonds, as defined in Note 8, the Company invests the funds held in the restricted trust bank accounts in various U.S. Treasury securities. Therefore, such investments are reported as “Restricted investments” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

The Company has the ability and intent to hold these restricted investments until maturity, and as a result, the Company would not expect the value of these investments to decline significantly due to a sudden change in market interest rates. The held-to-maturity restricted investments are carried on the consolidated balance sheet at amortized cost. Such investments amounted to $166,560 on March 31, 2022, of which $95,398 will mature in one year or less, and $71,162 will mature in one through five years.

 

Cost of Construction [Policy Text Block]

Cost of Construction

 

Cost of construction on the consolidated balance sheets is carried at cost. The cost of acquiring an asset includes the costs necessary to bring a capital project to the condition necessary for its intended use. Costs are capitalized once the construction of a specific capital project is probable. Construction labor and other direct costs of construction are capitalized. Professional fees for engineering, procurement, consulting, and other soft costs that are directly identifiable with the project and are considered an incremental direct cost are capitalized. The Company allocates a portion of its internal salaries to both capitalized cost of construction and to general and administrative expense based on the percentage of time certain employees worked in the related areas. Interest, net of the amortization of debt issuance costs and premiums, and net of interest income earned on bond proceeds, is also capitalized until the capital project is completed.

 

Constructed Assets, Net [Policy Text Block]

Constructed assets, net

 

Constructed assets on the consolidated balance sheets consists principally of developed airplane hangar buildings, and are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Once a capital project is complete, the Company begins to depreciate the constructed asset on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the life of the asset or the remaining term of the related ground lease, including expected renewal terms. Constructed assets, net, as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consists of the Sugar Land Phase I project, which is being depreciated over approximately 28 years.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Other long-lived assets

 

Long-lived assets on the consolidated balance sheets consists principally of equipment and software. Long-lived assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Maintenance and repair expenses are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation is recognized on a straight-line basis over 5 years, the estimated useful life of the assets.

 

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Impairment of long-lived assets

 

The Company’s assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment analyses are based on, in part, the Company’s current plans, intended holding periods and available market information at the time the analyses are prepared. An impairment exists when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the aggregate projected future cash flows over the anticipated holding period on an undiscounted basis. An impairment loss is measured based on the excess of the property’s carrying amount over its estimated fair value. Estimates of fair value are determined using discounted cash flow models, which consider, among other things, anticipated holding periods, current market conditions and utilize unobservable quantitative inputs, including appropriate capitalization and discount rates. If the estimates of the projected future cash flows, anticipated holding periods, or market conditions change, evaluation of impairment losses may be different and such differences could be material to the consolidated financial statements. The evaluation of anticipated cash flows is subjective and is based, in part, on assumptions regarding future occupancy, rental rates and other factors that could differ materially from actual results. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has not experienced any impairment losses.

 

Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]

Leases

 

The Company accounts for leases under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, Leases. The Company determines whether a contract contains a lease at the inception of the contract. ASC Topic 842 requires lessees to recognize lease liabilities and right-of-use (“ROU”) assets for all operating leases with terms of more than 12 months on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has made an accounting policy election that will keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and will result in recognizing those lease payments in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term. When management determines that it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise its options to renew the leases, the renewal terms are included in the lease term and the resulting ROU asset and lease liability balances.

 

The Company also has tenant leases and accounts for those leases in accordance with the lessor guidance under ASC Topic 842.

 

The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components; the Company has elected the accounting policy to not separate lease and non-lease components for all underlying asset classes.

 

The Company has not elected to capitalize any interest cost that is implicit within its operating leases into cost of construction on the consolidated balance sheet, but instead, expenses its ground lease cost in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Derivatives, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Warrants liability

 

The Company accounts for the warrants assumed in the Yellowstone Transaction (see Note 9) in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”), under which warrants that do not meet the criteria for equity classification and must be recorded as derivative liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the warrants as liabilities carried at their fair value and adjusts the warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until the warrants are exercised or expire, and any change in fair value is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations.

 

Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures, defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring fair value. The objective of fair value is to determine the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (the exit price). ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three levels: Level 1 – quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2 – quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and Level 3 – unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs. In determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret Level 2 and 3 inputs in determining the fair value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Accordingly, fair value estimates may be different than the amounts that may ultimately be realized upon sale or disposition of these assets or settlement of these liabilities. See Note 13.

 

Deferred Charges, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Equity issuance costs

 

The Company accounts for equity issuance costs as an asset within prepaid expenses and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets until the related equity financing is obtained, and then reclassifies such costs as a reduction in equity. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $2,696 of equity issuance costs included within prepaid and other assets which were subsequently reclassified as part of accounting for the Yellowstone Transaction. As of March 31, 2022, there were no equity issuance costs included within prepaid expenses and other assets.

 

Revenue [Policy Text Block]

Revenue recognition

 

The Company leases the hangar facilities that it constructs to third parties. The lease agreements are either on a month-to-month basis or have a defined term and may have options to extend the term. Some of the leases contain options to terminate the lease by either party with given notice. There are no options given to the lessee to purchase the underlying assets. Rental revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases (see Note 7) and includes (i) fixed payments of cash rents, which represents revenue each tenant pays in accordance with the terms of its respective lease and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease and (ii) variable payments of tenant reimbursements, which are recoveries of all or a portion of the common area maintenance and operating expenses of the property and are recognized in the same period as the expenses are incurred. As of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, the deferred rent receivable included in prepaid expenses and other assets was $102 and $103, respectively.

 

The Company evaluates the collectability of tenant receivables for payments required under the lease agreements. If the Company determines that collectability is not probable, the Company recognizes any difference between revenue amounts recognized to date under ASC 842 and payments that have been collected from the lessee, including security deposit amounts held, as a current period adjustment to rental revenue. There were no adjustments to rental revenue for uncollectible tenant rental payments in either of the three months ended March 31, 2022 or 2021.

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company derived approximately 90% of its revenue from two tenants, each of which have ongoing leases with the Company which expire in December 2023 and November 2025, respectively.

 

Operating Expenses [Policy Text Block]

Operating Expenses

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, operating expenses within the consolidated statements of operations includes operating lease expense of $988 and other expenses, such as insurance, property tax and utilities, totaling $157. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, operating expense includes operating lease expense of $881 and other expenses totaling $114. General and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of operations also includes $18 and $7 of operating lease expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively.

 

Advertising Cost [Policy Text Block]

Advertising Costs

 

The Company expenses the cost of advertising and marketing as incurred. Advertising and marketing costs charged to general and administrative expenses totaled $102 and $37 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

 

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

 

SHG is classified as a corporation for Federal income tax purposes and is subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. SHG includes in income, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, its allocable portion of income from the “pass-through” entities in which it holds an interest, including Sky. The “pass-through” entities, are not subject to U.S. Federal and certain state income taxes at the entity level, and instead, the tax liabilities with respect to taxable income are passed through to the members, including SHG. As a result, prior to the Yellowstone Transaction, Sky was not subject to U.S. Federal and certain state income taxes at the entity level.

 

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method gives consideration to the future tax consequences associated with the differences between the financial accounting and tax basis of the assets and liabilities as well as the ultimate realization of any deferred tax asset resulting from such differences, as well as from net operating losses and other tax-basis carryforwards. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. When a valuation allowance is increased or decreased, a corresponding tax expense or benefit is recorded.

 

The Company recorded income tax expense of $0 and the effective tax rate was 0.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a full valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets as it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

 

Amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement, as defined in Note 3, are accrued by a charge to income when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount is estimable.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2020-04, which adds ASC Topic 848, Reference Rate Reform: Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. ASU 2020-04 provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to ease financial reporting burdens related to applying current GAAP to modifications of contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions in connection with the transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01 to clarify that certain optional expedients and exceptions apply to modifications of derivative contracts and certain hedging relationships affected by changes in the interest rates used for discounting cash flows, computing variation margin settlements, and for calculating price alignment interest. ASU 2020-04 is effective beginning on March 12, 2020 and may be applied prospectively to such transactions through December 31, 2022 and ASU 2021-01 is effective beginning on January 7, 2021 and may be applied retrospectively or prospectively to such transactions through December 31, 2022. The Company will apply ASU 2020-04 and 2021-01 prospectively as and when we enter into transactions to which these guidance standards apply.