S-1 1 tm2123257-1_s1.htm S-1 tm2123257-1_s1 - none - 49.9690869s
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 30, 2021
Registration No. 333-        
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
SUNLIGHT FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
6199
(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
85-2599566
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
101 N. Tryon Street
Suite 1000
Charlotte, NC 28246
(888) 315-0822
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Barry Edinburg
Chief Financial Officer
101 N. Tryon Street
Suite 1000
Charlotte, NC 28246
Tel: (888) 315-0822
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies of all communications, including communications sent to agent for service, to:
Matthew Potere
Chief Executive Officer
Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc.
101 N. Tryon Street
Suite 1000
Charlotte, NC 28246
(888) 315-0822
G. Michael O’Leary
Taylor E. Landry
Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP
600 Travis Street
Suite 4200
Houston, TX 77002
(713) 220-4200
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale of the securities to the public: From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 check the following box: ☒
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐
Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒
Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☒
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of Securities to be Registered
Amount to be
Registered(1)
Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
per Share
Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
Amount of
Registration
Fee(13)
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share(2)
7,437,241
$8.14(11)
$60,539,141.74
$6,604.82
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share(3)
25,000,000
$8.14(11)
$203,500,000.00
$22,201.85
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share(4)
34,178,896
$8.14(11)
$278,216,213.44
$30,353.39
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share(5)
1,712,711
$8.14(11)
$13,941,467.54
$1,521.02
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share(6)
47,595,455
$8.14(11)
$387,427,003.70
$42,268.29
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share(7)
17,250,000
$11.50
$198,375,000.00
$21,642.72
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share(8)
9,900,000
$11.50
$113,850,000.00
$12,421.04
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share(9)
627,780
$7.715
$4,843,322.70
$528.41
Warrants to purchase Class A Common Stock(10)
9,900,000
(12)
Total
$1,260,692,149.12
$137,541.54
(1)
Pursuant to Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act, this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of Registrant’s Class A Common Stock that become issuable as a result of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization, or other similar transaction effected without the receipt of consideration that results in an increase to the number of outstanding shares of Registrant’s Class A Common Stock, as applicable.
(2)
Consists of an aggregate of 7,437,241 outstanding shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock that were issued to the Sponsor in connection with the initial public offering of the Registrant, 100,000 of which were subsequently transferred to two independent director nominees of Spartan at their original purchase price. These shares are being registered for resale on this Registration Statement.
(3)
Consists of an aggregate of 25,000,000 outstanding shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock beneficially owned by a number of subscribers purchased from the Company, for a purchase price of $10.00 per share, pursuant to separate subscription agreements. These shares are being registered for resale on this Registration Statement.
(4)
Consists of an aggregate of 34,178,896 outstanding shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock issued as consideration in connection with the Business Combination (as defined below), beneficially owned by affiliates of the Registrant and former equity holders of Sunlight LLC (as defined below). All of these shares were previously registered pursuant to the registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-254589), as amended, effective as of June 17, 2021, reporting the Business Combination. These shares are being registered for resale on this Registration Statement.
(5)
Consists of an aggregate of 1,712,711 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock withheld, and expected to be withheld as vesting requirements are satisfied, by the Registrant for the tax purposes of certain recipients of Class A Common Stock as consideration in connection with the Business Combination. All of these shares were previously registered pursuant to the registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-254589), as amended, effective as of June 17, 2021, reporting the Business Combination. These shares are being registered for sale by the Registrant on this Registration Statement.
(6)
Consists of an aggregate of 47,595,455 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock subject to issuance upon redemption of the 47,595,455 shares of Class C Common Stock (and equivalent number of Class EX Units (as defined below)) issued as consideration in connection with consummation of the Business Combination, including such shares and units that are subject to release from escrow as vesting requirements are satisfied. These shares are being registered for resale on this Registration Statement.
(7)
Consists of an aggregate of 17,250,000 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants that were issued to stockholders in connection with the initial public offering of the Registrant. Each whole warrant is currently exercisable for one share of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. These shares are being registered for issuance on this Registration Statement.
(8)
Consists of an aggregate of 9,900,000 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of certain private placement warrants issued to the Sponsor or that were transferred to affiliates of the Sponsor in connection with the initial public offering of the Registrant. Each whole warrant is currently exercisable for one share of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. These shares are being registered for issuance and resale on this Registration Statement.
(9)
Consists of an aggregate of 627,780 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Tech Capital Warrants (as defined below). Each such warrant is currently exercisable for one share of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock at a price of $7.715 per share. All of these shares were previously registered pursuant to the registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-254589), as amended, effective as of June 17, 2021, reporting the Business Combination. These shares are being registered for issuance on this Registration Statement.
(10)
Consists of warrants to purchase 9,900,000 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of certain private placement warrants issued to the Sponsor or that were transferred to affiliates of the Sponsor in connection with the initial public offering of the Registrant. Each whole warrant is currently exercisable for one share of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. These warrants are being registered for resale on this Registration Statement.
(11)
Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee according to Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act based on the average of the high and low prices of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock quoted on the New York Stock Exchange on July 29, 2021 (such date being within five business days of the date that this Registration Statement was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission).
(12)
Pursuant to Rule 457(i), the entire registration fee for the warrants is allocated to the shares of common stock underlying the warrants and no separate fee payable for the warrants.
(13)
Calculated by multiplying the proposed maximum aggregate offering price of the securities to be registered by 0.0001091.
The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. Neither we nor the Selling Securityholders may sell these securities until the Registration Statement filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JULY 30, 2021
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc.
Up to 143,702,083 Shares of
Class A Common Stock
9,900,000 Warrants to Purchase
Class A Common Stock
This prospectus relates to the issuance by us of (i) up to an aggregate of 17,250,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share (“Class A Common Stock”) that are issuable upon the exercise of our publicly-traded warrants (the “public warrants”), (ii) up to 9,900,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of private placement warrants issued to Spartan Acquisition Sponsor II LLC (the “private placement warrants” and, together with the public warrants, the “Sunlight Warrants”) at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, (iii) 1,712,711 shares of Class A Common Stock held, and expected to be held, by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments of certain recipients of Class A Common Stock as consideration in connection with the Business Combination (as defined below) and (iv) up to 627,780 shares of Class A Common Stock that are issuable upon the exercise of certain other warrants (the “Tech Capital Warrants”) at an exercise price of $7.715 per share.
This prospectus also relates to the sale from time to time of (A) 1,712,711 shares of Class A Common Stock held, and expected to be held, by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments of certain recipients of Class A Common Stock as consideration in connection with the Business Combination and resale from time to time of (B) upon the expiration of lock-up agreements, as applicable, up to 124,111,592 shares of our Class A Common Stock, including such shares subject to issuance upon redemption of our Class C Common Stock (and Class EX Units) on a one-for-one basis, by the selling stockholders named in this prospectus or their permitted transferees (the “Selling Stockholders”) and (C) up to 9,900,000 private placement warrants by the selling holders thereof (the “Selling Warrantholders,” together with the Selling Stockholders, the “Selling Securityholders”).
The Selling Securityholders may offer, sell or distribute all or a portion of the shares of Class A Common Stock and private placement warrants registered hereby publicly or through private transactions at prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices or as distributions in kind to their members, partners or stockholders pursuant to the Registration Statement of which this prospectus is a part by delivering a prospectus with a plan of distribution. We provide more information about how the Selling Securityholders may sell the securities in the section entitled “Plan of Distribution.”
We will pay certain offering fees and expenses and fees in connection with the registration of the Class A Common Stock and private placement warrants and will not receive proceeds from the sale of the shares of Class A Common Stock or private placement warrants by the Selling Securityholders. We will receive the proceeds from any exercise of any warrants for cash.
Our Class A Common Stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SUNL” and our publicly-traded warrants are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SUNL WS”. On July 29, 2021, the closing price of our Class A Common Stock was $7.96 and the closing price of our publicly-traded warrants was $1.61.
We are an “emerging growth company” under applicable federal securities laws and will be subject to reduced public company reporting requirements.
INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES RISKS THAT ARE DESCRIBED IN THE “RISK FACTORS” SECTION BEGINNING ON PAGE 16 OF THIS PROSPECTUS.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the securities to be issued under this prospectus or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is August   , 2021.

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 70
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180
F-1
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No one has been authorized to provide you with information that is different from that contained in this prospectus. This prospectus is dated as of the date set forth on the cover hereof. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than that date.
For investors outside the United States:   We have not done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. You are required to inform yourselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus.
 
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a Registration Statement on Form S-1 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) using the “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, the Selling Securityholders may, from time to time, sell the securities offered by them described in this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by such Selling Securityholders of the securities offered by them described in this prospectus.
Neither we nor the Selling Securityholders have authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectuses prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. Neither we nor the Selling Securityholders take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. Neither we nor the Selling Securityholders will make an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
We may also provide a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement to add information to, or update or change information contained in, this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement together with the additional information to which we refer you in the sections of this prospectus entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.
On July 9, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Spartan Acquisition Corp. II, a Delaware corporation and our predecessor company (“Spartan”), consummated the previously announced merger pursuant to that certain Business Combination Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of January 23, 2021 (the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among Spartan, SL Invest I Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (“MergerCo1”), SL Invest II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (“MergerCo2”), SL Financial Investor I LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (“Holdings I”), SL Financial Investor II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (“Holdings II”), SL Financial Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (“Spartan Sub”), SL Financial LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan Sub (“OpCo Merger Sub” and collectively with MergerCo1, MergerCo2, Holdings I, Holdings II and Spartan Sub, the “Spartan Subsidiaries”), Sunlight Financial LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Sunlight LLC”), FTV-Sunlight, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“FTV Blocker”), and Tiger Co-Invest B Sunlight Blocker, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Tiger Blocker,” and collectively with FTV Blocker, the “Blockers”). The transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement are collectively referred to herein as the “Business Combination.” Pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement, at the closing of the Business Combination (the “Closing”), among other things:
(a)
OpCo Merger Sub merged with and into Sunlight LLC, with Sunlight LLC surviving the merger (the “OpCo Merger”);
(b)
immediately following the OpCo Merger, (i) MergerCo1 merged with and into FTV Blocker, with FTV Blocker surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (the “First FTV Blocker Merger”) and immediately thereafter, FTV Blocker merged with and into Holdings I, with Holdings I surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (the “Second FTV Blocker Merger” and together with the First FTV Blocker Merger, the “FTV Blocker Mergers”) and (ii) MergerCo2 merged with and into Tiger Blocker, with Tiger Blocker surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (the “First Tiger Blocker Merger”) and immediately thereafter, Tiger Blocker merged with and into Holdings II, with Holdings II surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan (the “Second Tiger Blocker Merger” and together with the First Tiger Blocker Merger, the “Tiger Blocker Mergers,” and together with the FTV Blocker Mergers, the “Blocker Mergers”); and
(c)
immediately following the effective time of the Blocker Mergers (the “Blocker Mergers Effective Time”), Spartan contributed all of its remaining assets (other than the membership interests in each of Holdings I and Holdings II and the stock in Spartan Sub) to Spartan Sub and Spartan Sub in
 
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turn contributed such assets to Sunlight LLC in exchange for units representing limited liability company interests in Sunlight LLC designated as Class X Units (“Sunlight Class X Units”) and warrants of Sunlight LLC.
On the Closing Date, and in connection with the Closing, Spartan changed its name to Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc. The post-Business Combination company is organized in an “Up-C” structure, such that all of the material assets of the combined company are held by, and substantially all of Sunlight’s business operations are conducted by, Sunlight LLC, and the only material asset of Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc. (together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, Spartan Sub, Holdings I and Holdings II, “Sunlight”) will be its indirect equity interests in Sunlight LLC. Sunlight currently owns 84,837,655 (excludes 1,535,941 of units held by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments) Class X Units of Sunlight LLC, constituting 100% of the issued and outstanding Class X Units and approximately 64.1% of the outstanding Sunlight Units (as defined herein), and Spartan Sub controls Sunlight LLC as its sole managing member in accordance with the terms of the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement (as defined herein).
The securities that are the subject of this prospectus are those that Sunlight is obligated to register pursuant to the registration obligations in the Subscription Agreements (as defined herein) and the Investor Rights Agreement (as defined herein), among other agreements.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, references in this prospectus to the “Company,” “Sunlight Financial Holdings,” “Sunlight,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to the post-Business Combination company Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (including Sunlight LLC). References to “Spartan” refer to our predecessor company prior to the consummation of the Business Combination.
 
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CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to:

“Apollo” are to Apollo Global Management, Inc. (NYSE: APO), a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries;

“Audit Committee” are to the audit committee of the Sunlight Board;

“Blocker Holders” are to the FTV Blocker Holder and Tiger Blocker Holder, collectively;

“Blocker Mergers” are to the FTV Blocker Mergers and the Tiger Blocker Mergers;

“Blocker Mergers Effective Time” are to the effective time of the Blocker Mergers;

“Blockers” are to FTV Blocker and Tiger Blocker;

“Business Combination” are to the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement;

“Business Combination Agreement” are to that certain Business Combination Agreement, dated as of January 23, 2021, by and among Spartan, MergerCo1, MergerCo2, Holdings I, Holdings II, Spartan Sub, OpCo Merger Sub, Sunlight LLC, FTV Blocker and Tiger Blocker;

“bylaws” are to the Amended and Restated Bylaws of Sunlight, effective as of July 9, 2021;

“CFPB” are to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau;

“Class A Common Stock” are to Sunlight Financial Holdings’ Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share;

“Class A Units” are to, collectively, Class A-1 Units, Class A-2 Units and Class A-3 Units which represented limited liability company interests in Sunlight LLC prior to the Closing;

“Class B Common Stock” are to (a) prior to giving effect to the Second A&R Charter, Spartan’s Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and (b) after giving effect to the Second A&R Charter, Sunlight Financial Holdings’ Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share;

“Class B Units” are to Class B Units which represented limited liability company interests in Sunlight LLC prior to the Closing;

“Class C Common Stock” are to Sunlight Financial Holdings’ Class C Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share;

“Class C Units” are to, collectively, Class C-1 Units, Class C-2 Units, Class C-2AD Units, Class C-3 Units and Class C-3AD Units which represented limited liability company interests in Sunlight LLC, prior to the Closing;

“Closing” are to the closing of the Business Combination;

“Closing Date” are to the date on which the Closing occurred;

“Code” are to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;

“Common Stock” are to (a) prior to giving effect to the Business Combination, the Class A Common Stock and the Class B Common Stock, and (b) after giving effect to the Business Combination, the Class A Common Stock and the Class C Common Stock;

“Compensation Committee” are to the compensation committee of the Sunlight Board;

“COVID-19” are to the ongoing novel coronavirus pandemic;

“DGCL” are to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware;

“Exchange Act” are to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;

“FCRA” are to the Fair Credit Reporting Act;

“First FTV Blocker Merger” are to the merger of MergerCo1 with and into FTV Blocker, with FTV Blocker surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;
 
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“First Tiger Blocker Merger” are to the merger of MergerCo2 with and into Tiger Blocker, with Tiger Blocker surviving the merger as wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;

“Flow-Through Sellers” are to the Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders and the holders of Sunlight LLC Warrants;

“FTV Blocker” are to FTV-Sunlight, Inc., a Delaware corporation;

“FTV Blocker Holder” are to FTV V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership;

“FTV Blocker Mergers” are to the First FTV Blocker Merger and the Second FTV Blocker Merger;

“FTV Parties” are to the FTV Blocker Holder and its respective affiliates;

“Founder Shares” are to shares of our Class B Common Stock;

“GAAP” are to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States;

“Holdings I” are to SL Financial Investor I LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;

“Holdings II” are to SL Financial Investor II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;

“home improvements” are to Sunlight’s line of business related to home improvements, such as roofing, siding, windows, doors, HVAC systems and insulation;

“initial stockholders” are to the holders of our Founder Shares, which included the Sponsor and our independent directors;

“Initial Public Offering” or “IPO” are to Spartan’s initial public offering of units, which closed on November 30, 2020;

“Investor Rights Agreement” are to that certain Investor Rights Agreement entered into concurrently with the Closing, by and among Sunlight Financial Holdings and certain stockholders named therein;

“IPO Registration Rights Agreement” are to that certain Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 24, 2020, by and among Spartan, the Sponsor and the other holders of our Founder Shares;

“IRS” are to the Internal Revenue Service;

“JOBS Act” are to the U.S. legislation Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012;

“Letter Agreement” are to that certain letter agreement, dated as of November 24, 2020, by and among Spartan, the Sponsor and Spartan’s officers and directors;

“Letter Agreement Amendment” are to that certain Amendment No. 1 to the Letter Agreement, dated as of January 23, 2021, by and among Spartan, the Sponsor and Spartan’s officers and directors;

“LTIP” are to the Sunlight Financial LLC 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan, dated effective as of December 13, 2017, which was terminated in connection with the Closing;

“LTIP Unitholders” are to persons and entities who own LTIP Units (other than forfeited and unallocated LTIP Units);

“LTIP Units” are to units issued under the LTIP and having the terms set forth in the LTIP and the applicable award agreements granted certain employees and executive officers of Sunlight LLC pursuant to the LTIP prior to the Closing;

“management” or our “management team” are to our officers and directors;

“MergerCo1” are to SL Invest I Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;

“MergerCo2” are to SL Invest II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;
 
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“Note” are to the unsecured promissory note from an affiliate of the Sponsor for an aggregate of up to $300,000 to cover expenses related to the IPO;

“NYSE” are to the New York Stock Exchange;

“OpCo Merger” are to the merger of OpCo Merger Sub with and into Sunlight LLC, with Sunlight LLC surviving the merger as a subsidiary of Spartan Sub and with the Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders and the Blockers being the other owners of Sunlight;

“OpCo Merger Effective Time” are to the effective time of the OpCo Merger;

“OpCo Merger Sub” are to SL Financial LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan Sub;

“PIPE Financing” are to the private offering of Class A Common Stock to certain investors in connection with the Business Combination;

“PIPE Funds” are to the proceeds from the PIPE Financing;

“PIPE Investor” are to each investor in the PIPE Financing, and “PIPE Investors” are to the investors, collectively, in the PIPE Financing;

“PIPE Shares” are to the shares of Class A Common Stock that are issued in the PIPE Financing;

“POS” are to point-of-sale;

“Preferred Stock” are to (a) prior to giving effect to the Business Combination, Spartan’s Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and (b) after giving effect to the Business Combination, Sunlight Financial Holdings’ Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share;

“Prior Sunlight LLC Agreement” are to the Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Sunlight, dated as of May 25, 2018, as amended or otherwise modified;

“private placement warrants” are to the warrants issued to the Sponsor in a private placement simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, which are exercisable for shares of Class Common Stock;

“Proprietary Information” are to intellectual property, trade secrets and confidential and proprietary information;

“public shares” are to shares of our Class A Common Stock;

“public stockholders” are to the holders of our public shares;

“public warrants” are to the public warrants of Sunlight, which are exercisable for shares of Class A Common Stock;

“Registration Statement” are to this registration statement on Form S-1, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time;

“Restricted Stock” are to the shares of Class A Common Stock or Sunlight Class EX Units and corresponding number of shares of Class C Common Stock held by certain persons that are subject to lock-up transfer restrictions for specified periods;

“Sarbanes-Oxley Act” are to the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002;

“SEC” are to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission;

“Second A&R Charter” are to that certain Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Spartan adopted in connection with Closing;

“Second FTV Blocker Merger” are to the merger of FTV Blocker with and into Holdings I, with Holdings I surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;

“Second Tiger Blocker Merger” are to the merger of Tiger Blocker with and into Holdings II, with Holdings II surviving the merger as wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;

“Securities Act” are to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;

“Sellers” are to the Blocker Holders and Flow-Through Sellers;
 
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“solar systems” are to Sunlight’s residential energy solar systems line of business;

“Spartan” are to Spartan Acquisition Corp. II, a Delaware corporation, our predecessor company prior to the consummation of the Business Combination;

“Spartan Board” are to the former board of directors of Spartan;

“Spartan Charter” are to Spartan’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation;

“Spartan Sub” are to SL Financial Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan;

“Spartan Subsidiaries” are to MergerCo1, MergerCo2, Holdings I, Holdings II, Spartan Sub and OpCo Merger Sub;

“Sponsor” are to Spartan Acquisition Sponsor II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which is an affiliate of a private investment fund managed by Apollo;

“Subscription Agreements” are to those certain separate subscription agreements, dated as of January 23, 2021, by and among Spartan and the investors named therein;

“Sunlight” are to are to Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation, the name of Spartan after giving effect to the Business Combination, together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, Spartan Sub, Holdings I and Holdings II;

“Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement” are to that certain Fifth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Sunlight LLC, entered into by and among Sunlight LLC, Sunlight, Spartan Sub and certain members named therein concurrently with the Closing;

“Sunlight Board” are to the board of directors of Sunlight;

“Sunlight Class EX Units” and “Class EX Units” are to a class of common units representing limited liability company interests in Sunlight LLC designated in the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement as Class EX Units;

“Sunlight Class X Units” and “Class X Units” are to the units representing limited liability company interests in Sunlight LLC designated in the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement as Class X Units;

“Sunlight Financial Holdings” are to Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation, the name of Spartan after giving effect to the Business Combination, together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, Spartan Sub, Holdings I and Holdings II;

“Sunlight LLC” are to Sunlight Financial LLC, a Delaware limited liability company;

“Sunlight LLC Warrants” are to previously outstanding warrants to purchase units representing limited liability company interests in Sunlight LLC;

“Sunlight Platform” or “Orange®” are to Sunlight’s proprietary technology-enabled point-of-sale financing platform;

“Sunlight Units” are to the Sunlight Class X Units and the Sunlight Class EX Units;

“Sunlight Warrants” are to our public warrants and private placement warrants, collectively;

“Tax Receivable Agreement” are to that certain Tax Receivable Agreement, entered into by and among Sunlight Financial Holdings, the TRA Holders and the Agent, each as named therein, concurrently with the Closing;

“TCJ Act” are to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act;

“Tech Capital Warrants” are to the outstanding warrants held by Tech Capital LLC, exercisable for an aggregate of 627,780 shares of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.715 per share;

“Tiger” are to Tiger Blocker Holder and Tiger Infrastructure Partners Sunlight Feeder LP, collectively;

“Tiger Blocker” are to Tiger Co-Invest B Sunlight Blocker, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company;
 
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“Tiger Blocker Holder” are to Tiger Infrastructure Partners Co-Invest B LP, a Delaware limited partnership;

“Tiger Blocker Mergers” are to the First Tiger Blocker Merger and the Second Tiger Blocker Merger;

“Tiger Parties” are to Tiger Infrastructure Partners Sunlight Feeder LP, a Delaware limited partnership, Tiger Blocker and their respective affiliates;

“TRA Holders” are the Blocker Holders and the Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders;

“Transfer Agent” are to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company;

“Trust Account” are to the trust account that holds the proceeds (including interest not previously released to Spartan to pay its franchise and income taxes) from the IPO and a concurrent private placement of private placement warrants to the Sponsor;

“UDAAP” are to Section 1031 of the Dodd-Frank Act, which prohibits unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices;

“Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders” are to certain persons and entities, other than the Blockers, who own Sunlight Units (other than forfeited and unallocated Sunlight Units);

“vendors” are to Sunlight’s third party vendors; and

“VIE” are to variable interest entity.
 
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The Company makes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act in this prospectus and in documents incorporated by reference herein. All statements, other than statements of present or historical fact included in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, regarding the Company’s future financial performance, as well as the Company’s strategy, future operations, future operating results, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” “project” or the negative of such terms and other similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. These statements are based on various assumptions, whether or not identified herein, and on the current expectations of the Company’s management and are not predictions of actual performance. These forward-looking statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to serve as, and must not be relied on by any investor as a guarantee, an assurance, a prediction or a definitive statement of, fact or probability. Actual events and circumstances are difficult or impossible to predict and may differ from assumptions, and such differences may be material. Many actual events and circumstances are beyond the control of the Company. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about the Company that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. If any of these risks materialize or the Company’s assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. There may be additional risks that the Company does not presently know or that the Company currently believes are immaterial that could also cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements. In addition, forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date hereof. The Company anticipates that subsequent events and developments will cause the Company’s assessments to change. However, while the Company may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, except as otherwise required by applicable law, the Company specifically disclaims any duty to update any forward-looking statements, all of which are expressly qualified by the statements in this section, to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing the Company’s assessments as of any date subsequent to the date hereof. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed upon the forward-looking statements. The Company cautions you that these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the control of the Company.
The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements:

Sunlight’s success in retaining or recruiting, or changes in, its officers, key employees or directors;

changes in applicable laws or regulations;

the possibility that the COVID-19 pandemic may adversely affect the results of operations, financial position and cash flows of Sunlight;

technological changes;

data security breaches or other network outages;

Sunlight’s ability to remediate its material weakness in internal control over financial reporting;

the possibility that Sunlight may be adversely affected by other economic, business and/or competitive factors;

Sunlight’s failure to retain or replace existing contractors or to grow its contractor network;

increased costs related to being a public company;

Sunlight’s ability to either expand the commitments of its existing capital providers or find additional capital providers to fund additional volume; and
 
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the risk that certain third-party service providers and vendors that Sunlight relies on may be unable or unwilling to provide their services or products.
The foregoing review of important factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other risk factors included herein. Forward-looking statements reflect current views about Sunlight’s plans, strategies and prospects, which are based on information available as of the date of this prospectus. Except to the extent required by applicable law, Sunlight undertakes no obligation (and expressly disclaims any such obligation) to update or revise the forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from these statements. Therefore, you should not place undue reliance on those statements.
 
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SUMMARY OF THE PROSPECTUS
This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus and does not contain all of the information that is important to you in making an investment decision. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed information included in this prospectus. Before making your investment decision with respect to our securities, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including the information under “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, references in this prospectus to the “Company,” “Sunlight Financial Holdings,” “Sunlight Financial,” “Sunlight,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to the post-Business Combination company Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (including Sunlight LLC). References to “Spartan” refer to our predecessor company prior to the consummation of the Business Combination.
Sunlight
Sunlight is a business-to-business-to-consumer, technology-enabled point-of-sale (“POS”) financing platform that provides residential solar and home improvement contractors the ability to offer seamless POS financing to their customers when purchasing residential solar systems or other home improvements. The resulting loans are funded by Sunlight’s network of capital providers who, by partnering with Sunlight, gain access to a difficult-to-reach loan market, best-in-class consumer credit underwriting and attractive risk adjusted returns. These loans are facilitated by Sunlight’s proprietary technology platform, Orange® (the “Sunlight Platform” or “Orange®”), through which Sunlight offers instant credit decisions to homeowners nationwide at the POS on behalf of Sunlight’s various capital providers. Since Sunlight’s founding in 2014, Sunlight has facilitated over $4.0 billion of loans through the Sunlight Platform in partnership with over 1,200 contractor relationships.
Sunlight’s core business is facilitating loans made by Sunlight’s various capital providers to the consumer customers of residential solar contractors. Sales of Sunlight-facilitated loan products are made by contractors in the context of selling residential solar systems to consumers, allowing homeowners to go solar with no money down, and in most cases, immediately saving money on their utility bills and often saving a significant amount of money over the life of their solar system. Sunlight’s revenue is primarily from platform fees earned on each solar and home improvement loan facilitated through Orange®. The platform fee is generally equal to the margin between the dealer fee charged to the contractor by Sunlight for each loan facilitated through Orange® and the discount at which Sunlight’s capital provider either funds or purchases such loan.
The mailing address of Sunlight’s principal executive office is 101 N. Tryon Street, Suite 1000, Charlotte, North Carolina 28246, and its telephone number is (888) 315-0822. Our website is located at https://sunlightfinancial.com. Our website and the information contained on, or accessed through, our website are not part of this prospectus, and you should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus when making a decision as to whether to invest in the securities offered hereby.
For more information about Sunlight, see the sections entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Risk Factors” and the financial statements included herein.
Completed Business Combination
On the Closing Date, Spartan consummated the previously announced Business Combination with Sunlight LLC pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement and changed its name to Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc. At the Closing, among other things, (a) OpCo Merger Sub merged with and into Sunlight with Sunlight surviving the merger, (b) MergerCo1 merged with and into FTV Blocker, with FTV Blocker surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan and immediately thereafter, FTV Blocker merged with and into Holdings I, with Holdings I surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan, (c) MergerCo2 merged with and into Tiger Blocker, with Tiger Blocker surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan and immediately thereafter, Tiger Blocker merged with and into Holdings II, with
 
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Holdings II surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Spartan and (d) following the Blocker Mergers Effective Time, Spartan contributed all of its remaining assets (other than the membership interests in each of Holdings I, Holdings II and Spartan Sub) to Spartan Sub and Spartan Sub in turn contributed such assets to Sunlight. The post-Business Combination company is organized in an “Up-C” structure, such that all of the material assets of the combined company are held by, and substantially all of Sunlight’s business operations are conducted by, Sunlight LLC, and the only material asset of Sunlight is its indirect equity interests in Sunlight LLC. Sunlight currently owns 84,837,655 (excludes 1,535,941 of units held by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments) Class X Units of Sunlight LLC, constituting 100% of the issued and outstanding Class X Units and approximately 64.1% of the outstanding Sunlight Units (as defined herein), and Spartan Sub controls Sunlight LLC as its sole managing member in accordance with the terms of the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement (as defined herein).
In connection with the Closing, the securities of Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc. now consist of the following:
1.
Class A Common Stock, which has both voting and economic rights. Holders of the Class A Common Stock consist of the Blocker Holders, the LTIP Unitholders, the public stockholders, the PIPE Investors and the initial stockholders.
2.
Class C Common Stock, which has only voting rights. Holders of the Class C Common Stock consist of Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders.
3.
Sunlight Warrants (including public warrants and private placement warrants), which are exercisable for shares of Class A Common Stock. The Holders of the Sunlight Warrants consist of the public warrantholders and the Sponsor (which owns the private placement warrants).
The securities of Sunlight LLC now consist of the following:
1.
Class EX Units and Class X Units, which have economic rights only. Holders of the Class EX Units and Class X Units consist of the Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders and Sunlight, respectively.
2.
The Tech Capital Warrants, which are exercisable for shares of Class A Common Stock.
Our Class A Common Stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SUNL” and our publicly-traded warrants are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SUNL WS”.
The following diagram illustrates the ownership structure of Sunlight as of July 30, 2021, prior to giving effect to this offering. Percentages are based on (i) 84,837,655 shares (excludes 1,535,941 of shares held by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments) of Class A Common Stock outstanding; (ii) 47,595,455 shares of Class C Common Stock and Class EX Units of Sunlight LLC outstanding; and (iii) 84,837,655 (excludes 1,535,941 of Class X Units held by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments) Class X Units of Sunlight LLC outstanding.
 
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[MISSING IMAGE: tm2123257d1-fc_buscomp4clr.jpg]
Risk Factors
Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risks described in “Risk Factors” beginning on page 16 before making a decision to invest in our Class A Common Stock. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition and results of operations would likely be materially adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our securities would likely decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. Set forth below is a summary of some of the principal risks we face:

Sunlight has incurred net losses in the past, and Sunlight may be unable to sustain profitability in the future.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and other health epidemics and outbreaks could adversely affect Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

If Sunlight fails to manage its operations and growth effectively, Sunlight may be unable to execute its business plan, maintain high levels of customer services and support or adequately address competitive challenges.

Sunlight may in the future expand to new industry verticals outside of the U.S. solar system and home improvement industries, and failure to comply with applicable regulations, accurately predict demand or growth, or build a process valued in those new industries could have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.

To the extent that Sunlight seeks to grow through future acquisitions, or other strategic investments or alliances, Sunlight may not be able to do so effectively.

A material reduction in the retail price of electricity charged by electric utilities, other retail electricity providers or other energy sources as compared to potential savings for purchasing and using a solar system or an increase in pricing for purchasing and using a solar system above the cost of other energy
 
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sources could result in a lower demand for solar systems, which could have an adverse impact on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Sunlight’s inability to compete successfully or maintain or improve Sunlight’s market share and margins could adversely affect its business.

Disruptions in the operation of Sunlight’s computer systems and those of its critical third-party service providers and capital providers could have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.

Sunlight’s growth is dependent on its contractor network, and its failure to retain or replace existing contractors or to grow its contractor network or the number of Sunlight loans offered through its existing network could adversely impact Sunlight’s business.

Sunlight’s revenue is impacted, to a significant extent, by the general economy and the financial performance of its capital providers and contractors.

If assumptions or estimates Sunlight uses in preparing its financial statements are incorrect or are required to change, Sunlight’s reported results of operations, liquidity and financial condition may be adversely affected.

Sunlight’s management has limited experience in operating a public company.

Sunlight’s stock price will be volatile, and you may not be able to sell shares at or above the price at which you executed your purchase.

Sunlight has never paid cash dividends on its capital stock, and does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.
 
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THE OFFERING
Issuer
Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc.
Issuance of Class A Common Stock
Shares of Class A Common Stock Issuable by Us
27,777,780 shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Sunlight Warrants and the Tech Capital Warrants; and
1,712,711 shares of Class A Common Stock in respect of certain withholdings for tax payments (i) in connection with the Closing and (ii) anticipated on a go-forward basis
Shares of Class A Common Stock Outstanding Prior to Such Exercise and Issuance
84,837,655 shares (excludes 1,535,941 of shares held by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments)
Shares of Common Stock Outstanding Assuming Such Exercise and Issuance
114,151,376 shares
Exercise Price of Sunlight Warrants
$11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described herein
Exercise Price of Tech Capital Warrants
$7.715 per share
Use of Proceeds Related to the Sunlight Warrants and Tech Capital Warrants
We will receive proceeds equal to the aggregate exercise price from any exercises of the Sunlight Warrants and the Tech Capital Warrants, or equal to the applicable Cash Election Amount (as defined in the Sunlight A&R LLCA), assuming the exercise of such warrants, or redemption of such Class C Common Stock (and Class EX Units), for cash. We expect to use the net proceeds from the exercise of such warrants, and redemption of such shares and units, for general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds.”
See below for a description for a description of the use of proceeds from the sale of the 1,712,711 shares of Class A Common Stock in respect of certain withholdings for tax payments (i) in connection with the Closing and (ii) anticipated on a go-forward basis.
Sale of Class A Common Stock and Resale of Class A Common Stock and Private Placement Warrants
Class A Common Stock Offered by Sunlight
Up to 1,712,711 shares of Class A Common Stock in respect of certain withholdings for tax payments (i) in connection with the Closing and (ii) anticipated on a go-forward basis
Class A Common Stock Offered by the Selling Stockholders
Up to 124,111,592 shares
Private Placement Warrants to be sold by the Selling Warrantholders
9,900,000 warrants
Use of Proceeds
We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the shares of Class A Common Stock or private placement warrants by the Selling Securityholders.
 
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We will receive the proceeds from sales by us of the shares of Class A Common Stock in respect of certain withholdings for tax payments. We expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of such shares (i) first, to offset the cash payments made by us to satisfy the payment obligation related to the tax withholding and, (ii) if any such proceeds remain, for general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds.”
Market for Our Shares of Class A Common Stock
Our Class A Common Stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SUNL” and our publicly-traded warrants are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SUNL WS”.
Risk Factors
Any investment in the securities offered hereby is speculative and involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the information set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.
 
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RISK FACTORS
An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below and in the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” before making an investment decision. Our business, prospects, financial condition, or operating results could be harmed by any of these risks, as well as other risks not known to us or that we consider immaterial as of the date of this prospectus. The trading price of our securities could decline due to any of these risks, and, as a result, you may lose all or part of your investment.
Summary of Principal Risks Associated with Sunlight’s Business

Sunlight has incurred net losses in the past, and Sunlight may be unable to sustain profitability in the future.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and other health epidemics and outbreaks could adversely affect Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

If Sunlight fails to manage its operations and growth effectively, Sunlight may be unable to execute its business plan, maintain high levels of customer services and support or adequately address competitive challenges.

Sunlight may in the future expand to new industry verticals outside of the U.S. solar system and home improvement industries, and failure to comply with applicable regulations, accurately predict demand or growth, or build a process valued in those new industries could have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.

To the extent that Sunlight seeks to grow through future acquisitions, or other strategic investments or alliances, Sunlight may not be able to do so effectively.

A material reduction in the retail price of electricity charged by electric utilities, other retail electricity providers or other energy sources as compared to potential savings for purchasing and using a solar system or an increase in pricing for purchasing and using a solar system above the cost of other energy sources could result in a lower demand for solar systems, which could have an adverse impact on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Sunlight’s inability to compete successfully or maintain or improve Sunlight’s market share and margins could adversely affect its business.

Disruptions in the operation of Sunlight’s computer systems and those of its critical third-party service providers and capital providers could have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.

Sunlight’s growth is dependent on its contractor network, and its failure to retain or replace existing contractors or to grow its contractor network or the number of Sunlight loans offered through its existing network could adversely impact Sunlight’s business.

Sunlight’s revenue is impacted, to a significant extent, by the general economy and the financial performance of its capital providers and contractors.

If assumptions or estimates Sunlight uses in preparing its financial statements are incorrect or are required to change, Sunlight’s reported results of operations, liquidity and financial condition may be adversely affected.

Sunlight’s management has limited experience in operating a public company.

Sunlight’s stock and warrant prices will be volatile, and you may not be able to sell shares at or above the price at which you executed your purchase.

Sunlight has never paid cash dividends on its capital stock, and does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.

Sunlight has identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting. This material weakness could continue to adversely affect Sunlight’s ability to report its results of operations and financial condition accurately and in a timely manner.
 
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Risks Related to Sunlight’s Business
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the financial statements of Sunlight and notes to the financial statements included herein.
Sunlight has incurred net losses in the past, and Sunlight may be unable to sustain profitability in the future.
Sunlight LLC commenced operations as a “start-up” in 2015 and incurred net losses while developing its business, including net losses of $6.5 million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018, respectively (based on financial statements prior to adopting GAAP). These historical net losses were due to a number of factors, including incurring expenses to fund the development of Sunlight’s technology and the build out of its operational capacities (including, in 2018, as associated with the start of Sunlight’s home improvement line of business), obtaining financing and taking other actions associated with scaling a business generally, and lower revenues as Sunlight created its distribution channels through contractor relationships and funding networks for a diverse set of loan products. Sunlight expects to continue to incur substantial expenses as Sunlight expands its loan product offerings and operations and implements additional technology innovations and infrastructure to support its growth. In addition, as a public company, Sunlight will incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses that it did not incur as a private company. Sunlight can provide no assurance that its revenue will grow rapidly enough to absorb these expenses or other costs that it may incur. Sunlight’s ability to sustain profitability in both the short term and long term depends on a number of factors, across both its residential energy solar systems (“solar systems”) line of business and its line of business related to home improvements, such as roofing, siding, windows, doors, HVAC systems and insulation (collectively, referred to as “home improvements”), including:

Sunlight’s ability to maintain its margins by stabilizing or lowering its cost of capital with its existing funding partners and/or by engaging new capital providers on favorable economic terms to Sunlight;

originating increased funded volumes through its existing contractor distribution channels and by adding additional contractors to the network of contractors selling Sunlight’s loan products;

expanding the funding commitments of existing capital providers and/or adding new capital providers to fund increasing volumes of credit applications;

maintaining a low cost structure by optimizing its operational processes across increasing funded volume; and

Sunlight’s continuing ability to remain apace with the point of sale market by continuing to innovate and update its product offerings, services and technology.
Sunlight can provide no assurance that it will be able to sustain or increase its profitability in the future.
The ongoing novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic and other health epidemics and outbreaks could adversely affect Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a rapidly evolving situation. The COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to respond to it have resulted in widespread adverse impacts on the global economy and on Sunlight’s employees, capital providers, contractors, target consumer base, third-party vendors (“vendors”) and other parties with whom Sunlight has business relations. Social distancing guidelines, stay-at-home orders and similar government measures associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as actions by individuals to reduce their potential exposure to the virus, contributed to a decline in credit applications and funded volumes in the first and second quarters of 2020. For solar system loans, Sunlight attributes this decline to a significant disruption to solar systems contractors’ sales model, which prior to such public health orders associated with the COVID-19 pandemic had been to sell solar systems primarily door to door, resulting in a decrease in the number of solar system sales and installations and, consequently, a decrease in credit applications and funded loans. Credit applications and funded loans for home improvements were similarly adversely affected. Sunlight believes that the decline in credit applications and funded loans was primarily attributable to consumers’ efforts to avoid infection in the early periods of the
 
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COVID-19 pandemic, as sales for large portions of the market tended to be conducted in person at potential consumers’ homes and at home sales conventions, which were canceled.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Sunlight and its contractors have modified certain business and workforce practices (including those related to solar system sales, installation and servicing solar systems and employee work locations) to conform to government restrictions and best practices encouraged by governmental and regulatory authorities in the markets in which Sunlight offers loan products. Such modifications on the solar systems side, including converting to a technology-based sales model, have largely allowed contractors offering Sunlight loan products to continue to sell and install solar systems and, accordingly, for Sunlight to continue to offer related loans. The home improvement market remains less able to convert to a technology-based sales process due primarily to the smaller average size of the contractor participants, which means that Sunlight’s home improvement credit applications and funded loan volumes have not recovered, and may not recover in the future, to the same degree as they have in connection with its solar systems line of business. If the COVID-19 pandemic or other health epidemic or outbreaks are significantly prolonged, or more stringent health and safety guidelines are adopted (e.g., travel bans, border closures, quarantines, stay-at-home orders and business shutdowns, etc.), Sunlight and its solar systems contractors’ ability to continue selling and installing solar systems and home improvements may be adversely impacted, which could have a corresponding adverse impact on solar system and home improvement credit applications for Sunlight loans and Sunlight funded loans and could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business, cash flows, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.
Worsening economic conditions could result from the continued spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential for related public health measures, as described above. The effects of the economic downturn associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and other economic factors, may increase unemployment and reduce consumer credit ratings and credit availability, which may adversely affect Sunlight’s ability to originate new loans as forecasted and/or that are of the credit quality desired by Sunlight’s capital providers. Such an outcome could cause Sunlight’s capital providers to increase pricing to adjust for increased credit risk in a down economy and thereby erode Sunlight’s margins and negatively impact Sunlight’s future financial performance and the price of its Class A Common Stock. Finally, if solar system and/or home improvement supply chains become significantly disrupted due to additional outbreaks of the COVID-19 pandemic or other health epidemics or outbreaks or because more stringent health and safety guidelines are implemented, the ability of its contractors to sell or install solar systems or to sell or complete home improvements could be adversely impacted.
Sunlight is currently unable to predict the full impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will have, directly or indirectly, on its partners, supply channels, the capital markets generally or otherwise, or on Sunlight’s business, cash flows, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations. The ultimate impact will depend on future developments, including, among other things, the efficacy of full administration of the COVID-19 vaccines, the spread of vaccine resistant strains of the virus, the ultimate duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, the depth and duration of the economic downturn and other economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the consequences of governmental and other measures designed to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, actions taken by governmental authorities, capital providers, contractors, vendors and other parties with whom Sunlight has business relations, Sunlight’s ability and the ability of its capital providers, contractors, target consumer base, vendors and other parties with whom Sunlight has business relations to adapt to operating in a changed environment, and the timing and extent to which normal economic and operating conditions resume.
If market demand for solar systems does not continue to develop as anticipated by Sunlight or takes longer to develop than Sunlight anticipates, Sunlight may not be able to originate loans for the purchase and installation of solar systems at the rate anticipated and incorporated into Sunlight’s forecast.
The solar systems market is at a relatively early stage of development. If market demand for solar systems fails to continue to develop sufficiently or takes longer to develop than Sunlight anticipates, Sunlight may be unable to facilitate the origination of loans for the purchase and installation of solar systems to grow its business at the rate Sunlight anticipates in its forecast.
 
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Many factors may affect the demand for solar systems, including the following:

monthly and/or lifetime savings potential of purchasing and using a solar system, which is associated with the availability of (i) residential solar support programs, including government targets, subsidies, incentives in the form of tax credits, grants or similar programs, renewable portfolio standards and residential net metering rules and (ii) cost efficient equipment and solar loans on terms favorable to the consumers;

the relative pricing of other conventional and non-renewable energy sources, such as natural gas, coal, oil and other fossil fuels, wind, utility-scale solar, nuclear, geothermal and biomass;

performance, reliability and availability of energy generated by solar systems compared to conventional and other non-solar renewable energy sources;

availability and performance of energy storage technology, the ability to implement such technology for use in conjunction with solar systems and the cost competitiveness such technology provides to consumers as compared to costs for those consumers reliant on the conventional electrical grid or other sources of energy;

general economic conditions and the level of interest rates available to consumers to finance the purchase of solar systems and home improvements; and

the desirability of relying principally on renewable energy resources.
Sunlight cannot be certain if historical growth rates reflect future opportunities in the solar industry or whether growth anticipated by Sunlight will be fully realized. The failure or delay of solar systems to continue on a path towards increasing adoption could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
If Sunlight fails to manage its operations and growth effectively, Sunlight may be unable to execute its business plan, maintain high levels of customer service and support or adequately address competitive challenges.
Sunlight has experienced significant growth in recent periods measured by, among others, funded volumes, and Sunlight intends to continue the efforts to expand its business. This growth has placed, and any future growth may place, a strain on Sunlight’s management, operational and financial infrastructure. Sunlight’s growth requires its management to devote a significant amount of time and effort to maintain and expand its relationships with contractors, capital providers and other third parties, creating innovative new lending products that offer attractive financing options to consumers, improving its credit analysis and decisioning processes, arranging financing for Sunlight’s growth and managing its expansion into new markets.
In addition, Sunlight’s current and planned operations, personnel, information technology and other systems and procedures might be inadequate to support its future growth and may require Sunlight to make additional unanticipated investments in its infrastructure. Sunlight’s success and ability to further scale its business will depend, in part, on its ability to manage these changes in a cost-effective and efficient manner.
If Sunlight cannot manage its operations to meet the demands of its growth, Sunlight may be unable to meet market expectations regarding growth, opportunity and financial targets, take advantage of market opportunities, execute its business strategies successfully or respond to competitive pressures. This could also result in declines in the attractiveness or quality of the lending options that Sunlight provides, declines in consumer satisfaction, weakening of Sunlight’s relationships with its network of contractors, increased operational costs or lower margins on loans Sunlight originates or other operational difficulties. Any failure to effectively manage Sunlight’s operations and growth could adversely impact its reputation, business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
 
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During the period from March 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021, Sunlight funded approximately 9% of its total solar system loan volume and, during the period from March 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021, 100% of its home improvement loan volume through a bank partnership arrangement. Pursuant to the terms of that arrangement, Sunlight must arrange for the sale of the loans to a third party within 180 days from origination for solar system loans and, as of August 1, 2021, for certain home improvement loans that have been on its bank partner’s balance sheet for greater than 12 months, subject to certain exceptions. If Sunlight is not able to arrange these sales, Sunlight may be required to purchase all or a portion of these loans, which could have a material adverse impact on Sunlight’s liquidity, financial condition and stock price. Sunlight is also required to purchase solar system loans funded through its bank partnership arrangement if those loans are charged off and home improvement loans funded through its bank partner if those loans are more than 60 days delinquent. A significant downturn in the performance of Sunlight-facilitated loans that are originated by Sunlight’s bank partner could have a material adverse impact on Sunlight’s liquidity and financial condition.
Currently a portion of solar system loans originated through the Sunlight Platform and all home improvement loans originated through the Sunlight Platform are funded by Sunlight’s bank partnership arrangement whereby loans are originated by Sunlight’s bank partner but held for sale to a third party. The terms of Sunlight’s bank partnership arrangement provide that such sales must occur within a certain period of time, subject to certain exceptions (180 days from origination for solar system loans and, with respect to certain home improvement loans that have been on its bank partner’s balance sheet for greater than 12 months, as of August 1, 2021). While Sunlight has not been required to date to purchase solar system loans from its bank partner due to the expiration of Sunlight’s bank partner’s agreed hold period, Sunlight cannot be certain that fluctuations in the credit markets or other market, regulatory or business factors will not impede Sunlight’s ability to source such third-party purchasers in the future, which could result in Sunlight being required to purchase all or part of unsold solar system loans. Sunlight’s arrangements with its bank partner also require that Sunlight purchase solar loans when subject to charge-off by Sunlight’s bank partner, and with respect to home improvement, any loan that becomes 60 days delinquent. For the year ended December 31, 2020, Sunlight repurchased and wrote off 49 loans from its bank partner, totaling $1.1 million, associated with the repurchase obligation concerning charge-offs and delinquencies. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, Sunlight repurchased and wrote off 34 loans from its bank partner, totaling $0.8 million, associated with the repurchase obligation concerning charge-offs and delinquencies. Sunlight acts as the administrator for its bank partner’s portfolio of Sunlight-facilitated loans, and Sunlight has access to comprehensive daily reporting regarding those loans, which allows it to track the status of loans, including days from origination, and monitors the performance of those loans on a loan-level basis.
Sunlight has entered into committed indirect funding program agreements with capital providers for the purchase of solar system and home improvement loans from Sunlight’s bank partner; however, these agreements require periodic extension and, based on market changes and shifts in credit appetite, Sunlight cannot predict whether these capital providers will elect to continue their commitment in the future. In addition, Sunlight’s indirect funding program agreements contain covenants and agreements relating to the origination of such loans and Sunlight’s financial condition. If Sunlight materially breaches these conditions and fails to cure them in the time allotted, the relevant capital provider may terminate its relationship with Sunlight. Such covenants and agreements generally include, among others, obligations related to funding volumes, concentration limits on certain loan products, Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) score requirements, agreements related to Sunlight’s legal compliance in the origination process, underwriting requirements and milestone or other payment requirements. If an existing indirect capital provider terminates its relationship with Sunlight and Sunlight is unable to procure alternative agreements with new purchaser(s) of solar system and home improvement loans or increase commitments from other existing indirect capital providers in a timely manner and on acceptable terms, or at all, Sunlight’s business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Sunlight initiated its home improvement business in 2019 and its bank partner has originated approximately $150 million in home improvement loans. In February 2021, Sunlight entered into an indirect funding program agreement with a capital provider for the purchase of up to $400 million in home improvement loans from Sunlight’s bank partnership arrangement over an 18-month period. However, the foregoing agreement represents the sole commitment for the purchase of home improvement loans from Sunlight’s bank partnership arrangement and will require periodic extension; accordingly, based on market changes and shifts in credit appetite, Sunlight cannot predict whether this capital provider will elect to continue
 
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its commitment in the future. In addition, Sunlight’s indirect home improvement loan funding program agreement contains covenants and agreements related to the origination of such loans and Sunlight’s financial condition similar to those described in the above paragraph with respect to program agreements for the purchase of solar system loans. If Sunlight’s existing indirect home improvement loan capital provider terminates its relationship with Sunlight and Sunlight is unable to procure alternative agreements with new third-party purchaser(s) of home improvement loans in a timely manner and on acceptable terms, or at all, then, as of August 1, 2021 Sunlight may be required to purchase any home improvement loans (with certain exceptions) that have been on its bank partner’s balance sheet for greater than 12 months, which could materially and adversely affect Sunlight’s liquidity and financial condition.
Restrictive covenants in certain of Sunlight’s debt agreements could limit its growth and its ability to finance its operations, fund its capital needs, respond to changing conditions and engage in other business activities that may be in Sunlight’s best interests.
Sunlight’s debt agreements impose operating and financial restrictions on Sunlight. These restrictions limit Sunlight’s ability to, among other things:

incur additional indebtedness;

make investments or loans;

create liens;

consummate mergers and similar fundamental changes;

make restricted payments;

make investments in unrestricted subsidiaries;

enter into transactions with affiliates; and

use the proceeds of asset sales.
Sunlight may be prevented from taking advantage of business opportunities that arise because of the limitations imposed by the restrictive covenants under its corporate debt agreement. The restrictions contained in the covenants could, among other things:

limit Sunlight’s ability to plan for, or react to, market conditions or meet capital needs or otherwise restrict Sunlight’s activities or business plan; and

adversely affect Sunlight’s ability to finance its operations, enter into acquisitions or divestitures or engage in other business activities that would be in Sunlight’s best interest.
A breach of any of these covenants or Sunlight’s inability to comply with the required financial ratios or financial condition tests could result in a default under Sunlight’s debt agreements that, if not timely cured or waived, could result in acceleration of all indebtedness outstanding thereunder and cross-default rights under other debt arrangements of Sunlight. In addition, in the event of an event of default under Sunlight’s debt facility, the affected lenders could accelerate such indebtedness and require repayment of all borrowings outstanding thereunder. Sunlight cannot be certain that it will have cash available in the future to repay its debt facility in the event that it becomes necessary to do so. If the amounts outstanding under Sunlight’s outstanding indebtedness or any of its other indebtedness, whether now or in the future, were to be accelerated and Sunlight did not have sufficient assets to repay in full the amounts owed to the lenders or to other debt holders, such parties could foreclose on the collateral granted by Sunlight to such debt holders, which could materially adversely affect Sunlight’s liquidity and financial condition or its ability to qualify as a going concern.
The loss of one or more members of Sunlight’s senior management or key employees may adversely affect its ability to implement its strategy.
Sunlight depends on its experienced management team and the loss of one or more key executives, including Sunlight’s Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer, could have a negative impact on its business. Sunlight also depends on its ability to retain and motivate key employees and to attract qualified new
 
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employees. Sunlight may be unable to replace key members of its management team or key employees if such individuals elect to leave Sunlight. An inability to attract and retain sufficient managerial personnel who have industry experience and relationships could limit or delay Sunlight’s strategic efforts, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition.
Fraudulent activity has become more sophisticated in the financial services industry and, if experienced at a material level by Sunlight or its capital providers in connection with loans originated through the Sunlight Platform, it could negatively impact Sunlight’s reputation and business. Further, Sunlight could be subject to fraud by internal actors, which could also negatively impact its reputation and business.
Fraud occurs in the financial services industry and has increased as perpetrators become more sophisticated. Sunlight is subject to the risk of fraudulent activity generally perpetrated on participants in the financial markets and with respect to the policies and business practices of contractors, vendors and other third parties handling consumer information. Sunlight has experienced some immaterial fraud where fraudulent actors have obtained consumer personal identifying information in order to obtain fraudulent project payments from Sunlight. Sunlight has adopted increased fraud detection processes in both its commercial risk management and consumer underwriting processes in response to these events and the reported increase of fraud in the financial market. However, Sunlight’s resources, technologies and fraud prevention tools may be insufficient to accurately detect and prevent fraud in the future. The level of Sunlight’s fraud charge-offs could increase, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected if fraudulent activity were to significantly increase. High profile fraudulent activity also could negatively impact Sunlight’s brand and reputation, and negatively impact its business, results of operations and financial condition.
Further, Sunlight cannot be certain that it will not be subject to fraud from internal actors in the future. Any such fraud conducted could have a material negative impact on Sunlight’s reputation or business.
If the consumer underwriting and loan origination processes Sunlight uses contain errors or incorrect inputs from consumers or third parties (e.g., credit bureaus), Sunlight’s reputation and relationships with capital providers and contractors could be harmed. Further, economic changes resulting in increases in default rates could increase Sunlight’s cost of capital.
Sunlight’s ability to attract capital providers on economic terms consistent with its current capital provider funding facilities in part is dependent on Sunlight’s ability to effectively evaluate a consumer’s credit profile and likelihood of default and potential loss in accordance with Sunlight’s capital provider’s origination policies. To conduct this evaluation, Sunlight uses FICO scores and various credit bureau attributes. If any of the credit decisioning attributes Sunlight uses contain errors or the data provided by consumers or third parties (such as credit bureaus) is incorrect or stale, Sunlight’s approvals or denials may be determined inappropriately. Additionally, following the date of the credit report that Sunlight obtains and reviews, a consumer may default on, or become delinquent in the payment of, a pre-existing debt obligation, take on additional debt, lose his or her job or other sources of income, or experience other adverse financial events. If such inaccuracies or events are not detected prior to loan funding, the loan may have a greater risk of default than expected. Greater defaults could damage Sunlight’s reputation and relationships with contractors and capital providers, causing a decrease in Sunlight’s ability to originate loans, or result in an increase to Sunlight’s cost of capital causing a decrease in Sunlight margins.
Further, Sunlight’s cost of capital is also determined in part based on the default averages in Sunlight’s consumer loan borrower portfolio. If general economic conditions worsen significantly, or other events occur, resulting in an increase in delinquencies and defaults by Sunlight’s consumer loan borrowers and Sunlight is not able to adjust its underwriting processes to address the change in credit environment, Sunlight’s cost of capital may increase. Increases in Sunlight’s cost of capital may cause a decrease in Sunlight’s margins and have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight may in the future expand to new industry verticals outside of the U.S. solar system and home improvement industries, and failure to comply with applicable regulations, accurately predict demand or growth, or build a process valued in those new industries could have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.
Sunlight may in the future further expand into other industry verticals. There is no assurance that Sunlight will be able to successfully develop consumer financing products and services that are valued for these
 
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new industries. Sunlight’s investment of resources to develop consumer financing products and services for the new industries it enters may either be insufficient or result in expenses that are excessive as compared to the fees or other revenue that Sunlight may earn in launching such vertical. Additionally, Sunlight’s experience is in the U.S. solar system and home improvement industries and, therefore, industry participants in new industry verticals may not be receptive to its financing solutions and Sunlight may face competitors with more experience and resources. The borrower profile of consumers in new verticals may not be as attractive, in terms of average FICO scores or other attributes, as in current verticals, which may make it more difficult for Sunlight to find funding partners for these new verticals. As Sunlight explores additional opportunities, Sunlight can make no assurance that it will be able to accurately forecast demand (or the lack thereof) for a solution or that those industries will be receptive to Sunlight’s loan products or changes in loan products from time to time. Failure to predict demand or growth accurately in new industries could have a materially adverse impact on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight’s risk management processes and procedures may not be effective.
Sunlight’s risk management processes and procedures seek to appropriately balance risk and return and mitigate risks, and intend to identify, measure, monitor and control the types of risk to which Sunlight, its contractors and its capital providers are subject, including credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, strategic risk and operational risk. Credit risk is the risk of loss that arises when an obligor fails to meet the terms of an obligation. Market risk is the risk of loss due to changes in external market factors such as interest rates. Liquidity risk is the risk that financial conditions are adversely affected by an inability, or perceived inability, to meet obligations and support business growth. Strategic risk is the risk from changes in the business environment, improper implementation of decisions or inadequate responsiveness to changes in the business environment. Operational risk is the risk of loss arising from inadequate or failed processes, people or systems, external events (e.g., natural disasters), compliance, reputational or legal matters and includes those risks as they relate directly to Sunlight as well as to third parties with whom Sunlight contracts or otherwise does business.
Management of Sunlight’s risks depends, in part, upon the use of analytical and forecasting models. If these models are ineffective at predicting future losses or are otherwise inadequate, Sunlight may incur unexpected losses or otherwise be adversely affected. In addition, the information Sunlight uses in managing its credit and other risks may be inaccurate or incomplete as a result of error or fraud, both of which may be difficult to detect and avoid. There also may be risks that exist, or that develop in the future, that Sunlight has not appropriately anticipated, identified or mitigated, including when processes are changed or new products and services are introduced. If Sunlight’s risk management framework does not effectively identify and control its risks, Sunlight could suffer unexpected losses or be adversely affected, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition.
To the extent that Sunlight seeks to grow through future acquisitions, or other strategic investments or alliances, Sunlight may not be able to do so effectively.
Sunlight may in the future seek to grow its business by exploring potential acquisitions or other strategic investments or alliances. Sunlight may not be successful in identifying businesses or opportunities that meet its acquisition or expansion criteria. In addition, even if a potential acquisition target or other strategic investment is identified, Sunlight may not be successful in completing such acquisition or integrating such new business or other investment in a way that allows Sunlight to realize the full benefits from such acquisition. Sunlight may face significant competition for acquisition and other strategic investment opportunities from other well-capitalized companies, many of which have greater financial resources and greater access to debt and equity capital to secure and complete acquisitions or other strategic investments, than Sunlight does. As a result of such competition, Sunlight may be unable to acquire certain assets or businesses, or take advantage of other strategic investment opportunities that Sunlight deems attractive; the purchase price for a given strategic opportunity may be significantly elevated; or certain other terms or circumstances may be substantially more onerous. Any delay or failure on Sunlight’s part to identify, negotiate, finance on favorable terms, consummate and integrate any such acquisition, or other strategic investment opportunity could impede Sunlight’s growth.
Even if Sunlight completes future acquisitions, it may not ultimately strengthen its competitive position or achieve its goals and business strategy; Sunlight may be subject to claims or liabilities assumed
 
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from an acquired company, product, or technology; acquisitions Sunlight completes could be viewed negatively by its customers, investors, and securities analysts; and Sunlight may incur costs and expenses necessary to address an acquired company’s failure to comply with laws and governmental rules and regulations. Additionally, Sunlight may be subject to litigation or other claims in connection with the acquired company, including claims from terminated employees, former stockholders or other third parties, which may differ from or be more significant than the risks Sunlight’s business faces. If Sunlight is unsuccessful at integrating future acquisitions in a timely manner, or the technologies and operations associated with such acquisitions, the revenue and operating results of the combined company could be adversely affected. Any integration process may require significant time and resources, which may disrupt Sunlight’s ongoing business and divert management’s attention, and Sunlight may not be able to manage the integration process successfully or in a timely manner. Sunlight may not successfully evaluate or utilize the acquired technology or personnel, realize anticipated synergies from the acquisition, or accurately forecast the financial impact of an acquisition transaction and integration of such acquisition, including accounting charges and any potential impairment of goodwill and intangible assets recognized in connection with such acquisitions. Sunlight may have to pay cash, incur debt, or issue equity or equity-linked securities to pay for any future acquisitions, each of which could adversely affect its financial condition or the market price of its Class A Common Stock. Furthermore, the sale of equity or issuance of equity-linked debt to finance any future acquisitions could result in dilution to Sunlight’s stockholders. The occurrence of any of these risks could harm Sunlight’s business, operating results, and financial condition.
Sunlight’s insurance for certain indemnity obligations to its officers and directors may be inadequate, and potential claims could materially and negatively impact Sunlight’s financial condition and results of operations.
Pursuant to the Second A&R Charter, our bylaws and certain indemnification agreements, among various other agreements, Sunlight indemnifies its officers and directors for certain liabilities that may arise in the course of their service to Sunlight. Although Sunlight currently maintains director and officer liability insurance for certain potential third-party claims for which it is legally or financially unable to indemnify them, such insurance may be inadequate to cover certain claims, or may prove prohibitively costly to maintain in the future. If Sunlight were required to pay a significant amount on account of such liabilities, its business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially harmed.
Risks Related to the Solar Energy Generation Industry
A material reduction in the retail price of electricity charged by electric utilities, other retail electricity providers or other energy sources as compared to potential savings for purchasing and using a solar system or an increase in pricing for purchasing and using a solar system above the cost of other energy sources could result in a lower demand for solar systems, which could have an adverse impact on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Decreases in the retail price of electricity from electric utilities, from other retail electricity providers or other sources of energy, currently existing or as may be developed, including other renewable energy sources, as compared to the potential price of purchasing a solar system using solar system loan financing, could make solar systems less economically attractive to consumers. Reductions in consumer costs associated with traditional or other sources of power may stem from an increase in availability due to an increase in generation of such power sources, a legislated reduction in rates or special programs offered to consumers among other potential industry shifts.
Similarly, an increase in pricing associated with purchasing a solar system financed with a loan as compared to the cost to consumers of other power sources, or the cost to consumers of using a solar system pursuant to solar power purchase agreements or leases, could reduce demand for solar systems. Sunlight’s business has benefited from the declining cost of solar system components, which has been a key driver in consumer adoption of solar systems. To the extent such costs stabilize, decline at a slower rate or increase, Sunlight’s future growth may be negatively impacted. An increase in cost to the consumer purchasing a solar system financed by a loan could be as a result of, among others:

a decline in raw materials available to manufacture the various components of solar systems;
 
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an increase in tariff penalties or duties on components of solar systems imported from other countries, which could also increase the pricing of components produced domestically associated with an increase in demand for such components;

the expiration or unavailability of, or adverse changes in, economic or governmental incentives, including those in the form of tax credits, grants or similar programs, which may expire on a particular date, end when the allocated funding is exhausted, or be reduced or terminated as a matter of regulatory or legislative policy, or other factors that have the impact of decreasing the ultimate price of purchasing or using a solar system to the consumer;

a shortage of skilled labor to install solar systems, which could have the impact of increasing demand on existing skilled labor and increasing the cost of installation of solar systems;

an increase in costs associated with contractor infrastructure, including as related to the potential for additional regulation, lawsuits or other unforeseen developments; and

an increase in interest rates that Sunlight’s capital providers charge consumers for financing solar systems.
A decrease in the price of traditional power sources or other renewable energy sources that make such sources cost less to the consumer than the purchase of a solar system with loan financing or an increase in prices to purchase a solar system with loan financing could decrease the attractiveness of the purchase and installation of such systems by consumers, which in turn may slow Sunlight’s growth and have an adverse impact on its business and results of operations.
The solar system loan industry and the home improvement industry are subject to seasonality and other industry factors that may cause Sunlight’s operating results and its ability to grow to fluctuate from quarter to quarter and year to year. These fluctuations may cause Sunlight’s future performance to be difficult to predict and cause its operating results for a particular period to fall below expectations.
Sunlight’s quarterly and annual operating results are subject to seasonality and other factors that make them difficult to predict and may fluctuate significantly in the future. Sunlight has experienced seasonal and quarterly fluctuations in the past and expects to experience such fluctuations in the future. Credit applications generally peak for a given year during the summer and are at their lowest point toward the end of the year. Because of the lag between credit applications and installation, fundings generally peak toward the end of the year and are at their lowest point during the spring. In addition to the other risks described herein, the following factors could cause Sunlight’s operating results to fluctuate:

expiration or initiation of any governmental rebates or incentives;

significant fluctuations in consumer demand for solar systems and/or home improvements;

Sunlight’s contractors’ ability to complete installations of solar systems and/or home improvements in a timely manner;

financial market fluctuations that may impact the availability of desirable solar system and/or home improvement loan products for consumers or increase the cost of capital to Sunlight, thereby decreasing Sunlight’s margins;

actual or anticipated developments in Sunlight’s competitors’ businesses, technology, loan products, pricing or other initiatives relevant to the solar system or home improvement lending competitive landscape;

natural disasters or other weather or meteorological conditions impacting solar system or home improvement industries; and

general economic downturns, which could negatively impact the availability of, or cost of, capital, including in response to rising delinquencies and defaults in the market, thereby making it more difficult for Sunlight to originate loans or to do so on economic terms that are favorable to Sunlight.
For these or other reasons, the results of any prior quarterly or annual periods should not be relied upon as indications of Sunlight’s future performance.
 
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Because Sunlight’s business is heavily concentrated on consumer lending in the U.S. solar system and home improvement industries, Sunlight’s results are more susceptible to fluctuations in those markets than a more diversified company would be.
Sunlight’s business is currently concentrated on supporting consumer lending in the U.S. solar system and home improvement industries. As a result, Sunlight is more susceptible to fluctuations and risks particular to U.S. consumer credit than a more diversified company would be, and more specifically as to factors that may drive the demand for solar systems and home improvements. Sunlight’s business concentration could have an adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition.
The industries that Sunlight operates in are highly competitive and are likely to become more competitive. Additionally, if new entrants join these markets who have ready access to cheaper capital, competing successfully would become more difficult for Sunlight. Sunlight’s inability to compete successfully or maintain or improve Sunlight’s market share and margins could adversely affect its business.
The consumer lending industry is highly competitive and increasingly dynamic as emerging technologies continue to enter the marketplace. Technological advances and heightened e-commerce activities have increased consumers’ accessibility to products and services, which has intensified the desirability of offering loans to consumers through digital-based solutions. Sunlight faces competition in areas such as financing terms, promotional offerings, fees, approval rates, speed and simplicity of loan origination, ease-of-use, marketing expertise, service levels, products and services, technological capabilities and integration, customer service and support, compliance capabilities, brand and reputation. Sunlight’s existing and potential competitors may decide to modify their pricing and business models to compete more directly with Sunlight’s model or offer similar promotions and ancillary services. If Sunlight is unable to compete effectively to attract contractors to sell Sunlight loans to their consumer customers, Sunlight’s results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Sunlight’s success in the solar systems point of sale lending industry is in part due to Sunlight’s low cost of capital. While the barriers to entry in this business are high, if new entrants with access to cheaper capital enter the market, such as a depository institution, competing could become more difficult for Sunlight. A new market entrant with a lower cost of capital could discount pricing to a level below which Sunlight would be able to match and maintain its margins or such entrant could maintain pricing but make more revenue on each loan. Sunlight’s inability to compete successfully with these tactics by lowering its own cost of capital or competing on other terms that are valuable to solar systems contractors such as user-friendly, best-in-market technology or by providing valuable ancillary services, could materially negatively impact Sunlight’s business.
Risks Related to Sunlight’s Technology and Intellectual Property
Developments in technology or improvements in the solar energy generation industry, including energy storage and distributed solar power, may adversely affect demand for Sunlight’s loans.
Significant developments in technology, such as advances in distributed solar power generation, energy storage solutions such as batteries, energy storage management systems, the widespread use or adoption of fuel cells for residential properties or improvements in other forms of distributed or centralized power production may materially and adversely affect demand for solar systems and, in turn, the demand for loans originated through the Sunlight Platform, which may negatively impact Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Additionally, recent technological advancements may impact Sunlight’s business in ways Sunlight does not currently anticipate. Any failure by Sunlight to adopt or have access to assist consumers to finance new or enhanced technologies or processes, or to react to changes in existing technologies, could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Cyber-attacks and other security breaches could have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.
In the normal course of Sunlight’s business, Sunlight collects, processes and retains sensitive and nonpublic personal consumer information. Although Sunlight devotes significant resources and management
 
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focus to ensuring the integrity of its systems through information security and business continuity programs, Sunlight’s facilities and information technology systems, and those of capital providers, contractors and third-party service providers, may be subjected to external or internal security breaches and cyber-attacks, acts of vandalism, computer viruses, misplaced or lost data, programming or human errors and other similar events that result in the disclosure of sensitive and confidential information. Sunlight also faces security threats from malicious third parties that could attempt to obtain unauthorized access to Sunlight systems and networks, which threats have increased significantly in recent years and which Sunlight anticipates will continue to grow in scope and complexity over time. These events could interrupt Sunlight’s business and/or operations, result in significant legal and financial exposure, supervisory liability, other government or regulatory fines and penalties, damage to its reputation and a loss of confidence in the security of Sunlight’s systems and ability to facilitate the origination of loans. Although Sunlight has not experienced such adverse events to date, no assurance can be given that these events will not have a material adverse effect on Sunlight in the future.
Information security risks in the financial services industry have increased recently, in part because of new technologies, the use of the internet and telecommunications technologies (including mobile devices) to conduct financial and other business transactions and the increased sophistication and activities of organized criminals, perpetrators of fraud, hackers, terrorists and others. In addition to cyber-attacks and other security breaches involving the theft of sensitive and confidential information, hackers recently have engaged in attacks that are designed to disrupt key business services, such as consumer-facing websites. Sunlight, contractors, capital providers and vendors may not be able to anticipate or implement effective preventive measures against all security breaches of these types, especially because the techniques used change frequently and because attacks can originate from a wide variety of sources. Sunlight employs detection and response mechanisms designed to contain and mitigate security incidents. Nonetheless, early detection efforts may be thwarted by sophisticated attacks and malware designed to avoid detection. Sunlight also may fail to detect the existence of a security breach related to the information of capital providers, contractors and consumers that Sunlight retains as part of its business and may be unable to prevent unauthorized access to that information.
Sunlight also faces risks related to cyber-attacks and other security breaches that typically involve the transmission of sensitive information regarding borrowers through various third parties, including Sunlight’s various service providers engaged to support Sunlight’s underwriting and other technological and operational processes. Because Sunlight does not control these third parties or oversee the security of their systems, future security breaches or cyber-attacks affecting any of these third parties could impact Sunlight through no fault of its own, and in some cases Sunlight may have exposure and suffer losses for breaches or attacks relating to them. While Sunlight regularly conducts security assessments of significant third-party service providers, no assurance is given that Sunlight’s third-party information security protocols are sufficient to prevent a service provider from experiencing a cyber-attack or other security breach.
Disruptions in the operation of Sunlight’s computer systems and those of its critical third-party service providers and capital providers could have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.
Sunlight’s ability to facilitate the origination of loans and otherwise operate Sunlight’s business and comply with applicable laws depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of Sunlight’s computer systems and critical third-party service providers that support these processes. These Sunlight or third-party computer systems may encounter service interruptions at any time due to system or software failure, natural disasters, severe weather conditions, health pandemics, terrorist attacks, cyber-attacks or other events. Any of such catastrophes could have a negative effect on Sunlight’s business and technology infrastructure (including its computer network systems). Catastrophic events could also impact public agencies that provide permitting or other related services and prevent or make it more difficult for contractors to install solar systems, and could interrupt or disable local or national communications networks, including payment networks and capital provider’s ability to fund loans. All of these adverse effects of catastrophic events could result in an inability for Sunlight to meet its funding obligations with respect to existing loan applications or for Sunlight to originate new loans, which could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.
In addition, the implementation of technology changes and upgrades to maintain current and integrate new systems may cause service interruptions, transaction processing errors or system conversion delays and
 
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may cause Sunlight to fail to comply in a timely manner with its agreements with applicable laws, all of which could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business. Sunlight expects that new technologies and business processes applicable to the point of sale consumer loan industry will continue to emerge. There can be no assurance that Sunlight will be able to successfully adopt new technology as critical systems and applications become obsolete and better systems, applications and processes become available. A failure to maintain or improve current technology and business processes could cause disruptions in Sunlight’s operations or cause its solution to be less competitive, all of which could have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight may be unable to sufficiently protect its proprietary rights, trade secrets and intellectual property, and may encounter disputes from time to time relating to its use of the intellectual property of third parties.
Sunlight relies on a combination of patents, trademarks, service marks, copyrights, trade secrets, domain names and agreements with employees and third parties to protect its proprietary rights. Unauthorized third parties may attempt to duplicate or copy the proprietary aspects of its technology and processes. Sunlight’s competitors and other third parties independently may design around or develop similar technology or otherwise duplicate Sunlight’s services or products. In addition, though Sunlight has restrictive covenant agreements in place that are intended to protect its intellectual property, trade secrets and confidential and proprietary information (“Proprietary Information”) or provide a remedy in the event of an unauthorized disclosure, these agreements may not prevent misappropriation of Sunlight’s Proprietary Information or infringement of Sunlight’s intellectual property and the resulting loss of competitive advantage, and Sunlight may be required to litigate to protect its intellectual property and Proprietary Information from misappropriation or infringement by others, which may be expensive, could cause a diversion of resources and may not be successful.
Sunlight also may encounter disputes from time to time concerning intellectual property rights of others, and it may not prevail in these disputes. Third parties may raise claims against Sunlight alleging that Sunlight, or consultants or other third parties retained or indemnified by Sunlight, infringe on their intellectual property rights. Some third-party intellectual property rights may be extremely broad, and it may not be possible for Sunlight to conduct its operations in such a way as to avoid all alleged violations of such intellectual property rights. Given the complex, rapidly changing and competitive technological and business environment in which Sunlight operates, and the potential risks and uncertainties of intellectual property-related litigation, an assertion of an infringement claim against Sunlight may cause Sunlight to spend significant amounts to defend the claim, even if Sunlight ultimately prevails. If Sunlight does not prevail, Sunlight may be required to pay significant money damages, suffer losses of significant revenues, be prohibited from using the relevant systems, processes, technologies or other intellectual property (temporarily or permanently), be required to cease offering certain products or services, or incur significant license, royalty or technology development expenses.
In addition, although in some cases a third party may have agreed to indemnify Sunlight for such costs, such indemnifying party may refuse or be unable to uphold its contractual obligations. In other cases, insurance may not cover potential claims of this type adequately or at all, and Sunlight may be required to pay monetary damages, which may be significant.
Some aspects of the Sunlight Platform and processes include open source software, and any failure to comply with the terms of one or more of these open source licenses could negatively affect its business.
Aspects of the Sunlight Platform include software covered by open source licenses. The terms of various open source licenses have not been interpreted by United States courts, and such licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on the Sunlight Platform. If portions of Sunlight’s proprietary software are determined to be subject to an open source license, Sunlight could be required to publicly release the affected portions of source code, re-engineer all or a portion of its technologies or otherwise be limited in the licensing of technologies, each of which could reduce or eliminate the value of Sunlight’s technologies. In addition to risks related to license requirements, usage of open source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software because open source licensors generally do not provide warranties or controls on the origin of the software. Many of the risks associated with the use of open source software cannot be eliminated and could adversely affect Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
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Contractor and Capital Provider-Related Risks
Sunlight’s growth is dependent on its contractor network, and its failure to retain or replace existing contractors or to grow its contractor network or the number of Sunlight loans offered through its existing network could adversely impact Sunlight’s business.
Solar system and home improvement loans are offered through Sunlight to Sunlight’s contractor networks to such contractors’ consumer customers who buy solar systems or home improvements. In order to continue to grow, Sunlight will need to further expand its contractor networks. Sunlight is subject to significant competition for the recruitment and retention of contractors from its current competitors and new entrants to the solar system loan and home improvement loan markets, and Sunlight may not be able to recruit new or replacement contractors in the future, or expand its loan volume with existing contractors, at a rate required to produce projected growth. Sunlight competes for contractors with solar system and home improvement lenders primarily based on scope of loan product offerings that respond to consumer demand, pricing to the contractors, user friendliness of Sunlight’s technology (Orange®) and other processes to make the loan sale process efficient and individualized in service and responsiveness. Sunlight does not have any exclusivity agreements with its contractors. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that Sunlight will be able to maintain its current contractor relationships.
Additionally, dependence on any one contractor or small group of contractors creates concentration risk, particularly in the event that any such contractor elects to terminate its relationship with Sunlight or experiences business disruption or a business failure or bankruptcy. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2018, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020, Sunlight’s top ten contractors accounted for approximately 74%, 46% and 42% of the total funded loan volumes for such periods, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, Sunlight’s top ten contractors accounted for approximately 45% and 46% of the total funded loan volumes for such periods, respectively.
Sunlight’s short-term capital advance program exposes it to potential losses in the event that a contractor fails to fully perform under its agreements with Sunlight or becomes insolvent prior to completion of the underlying installation or construction, which losses could have an adverse impact on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight maintains a short-term capital advance program with certain contractors that provides such contractors with up-front working capital to pay for certain expenses for installation or the construction of solar systems and home improvements. Such short-term capital advances may be paid to contractors prior to the commencement of such installation or construction, or at specified periods during the installation or construction process. The aggregate amount of advances available to a given contractor is based on a risk evaluation and tiering conducted by Sunlight’s commercial risk team that performs contractor underwriting generally, as well as additional oversight and periodic monitoring requirements. At any time prior to completion of installation or construction of solar systems or home improvements, Sunlight is at risk for defaults if a contractor to whom short-term advances have been made fails to fully perform under its agreements with Sunlight or becomes insolvent prior to the completion of installation or construction. The ability of contractors to fully perform or maintain their solvency depends on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in economic conditions, adverse trends or events affecting the solar system and home improvement industries, lack of availability of, and/or access to, materials or labor for the installation or construction of solar systems or home improvements, natural disasters and management and cash flow levels. As of December 31, 2020, Sunlight had an aggregate of $35.4 million of outstanding advances to 141 contractors. Approximately 60.1% of those advances were made to four of Sunlight’s largest contractor relationships in terms of funded loan volume. As of March 31, 2021, Sunlight had an aggregate of $32.6 million of outstanding advances to 120 contractors. Approximately 64% of those advances were made to four of Sunlight’s largest contractor relationships in terms of funded loan volume. In the event that one or more contractors who receive short-term capital advances are unable to fully perform under their agreements with Sunlight or maintain their solvency, Sunlight may lose a portion or all of the funds advanced to such contractor, which may have an adverse impact on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Further, Sunlight advances funding payments to contractors in order to ensure payment to its contractors within 24 hours. If a capital provider fails to reimburse Sunlight for such advances as anticipated,
 
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Sunlight may need to write-off such advances, subjecting Sunlight to consumer credit risk. Alternatively, if the contractor funded by Sunlight declares bankruptcy prior to Sunlight being reimbursed, the capital provider is not likely to fund the loan and reimburse Sunlight. Sunlight could be subject to losses if the consumers borrowing funds from Sunlight under these loans do not pay as and when required.
Sunlight’s rebate program with certain of its contractors may be utilized by such contractors to a greater degree in certain periods, resulting in decreased fee income from its contractor partners, which could have a material adverse impact on Sunlight’s revenues during those periods.
Sunlight offers rebates to certain of its contractor partners in exchange for volume commitments. In general, the contractors with these rebate arrangements realize a rebate on funded loans originated over an agreed period of time (for example, one year) provided that the agreed volume of funded loan origination was achieved by that contractor. Sunlight accrues for such rebates on a quarterly basis based on the estimated amount of the rebate, but the accrual may be less than the actual rebate earned by a contractor or contractors when the rebate is required to be paid if volume is higher than anticipated in certain periods. If that occurs, Sunlight may be required to record a charge for rebates that is larger than would be the case if its accrual matched the rebates actually earned. If such a charge occurs, Sunlight’s revenues for the applicable quarterly period may be adversely impacted. For example, for the three months ended March 31, 2021, rebates to contractor partners totaled approximately $0.5 million in excess of the amounts accrued therefor, which directly reduced fee income received by Sunlight for loans originated by contractors on the Sunlight Platform during those periods and resulted in a decrease in total revenue to Sunlight.
Loans originated through Sunlight’s technology platform (Orange®) are originated by third-party capital providers. As Sunlight continues to grow, Sunlight will need to either expand the commitments of its existing capital providers or find additional capital providers to fund additional volume. Sunlight’s inability to identify capital provider sources for new loan volume or to replace loan volume funding capacity should a capital provider elect to terminate its relationship with Sunlight could have a material adverse impact on Sunlight’s growth.
Sunlight relies on third-party capital providers to originate solar system and home improvement loans through the Sunlight Platform to third party borrowers. As Sunlight’s business grows, Sunlight will need additional funding sources for those loans to third party borrowers, either from its existing capital providers or by entering into program funding agreements with new capital providers. Sunlight’s failure to obtain additional funding commitments in an amount needed to fund its projected loan volume, or Sunlight’s failure to extend its existing commitments or identify new capital providers on economic terms similar to or better than what Sunlight currently has with its existing capital providers, could have a material adverse impact on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Additionally, Sunlight’s funding program agreements generally have automatic renewal provisions, but Sunlight cannot predict whether a capital provider will elect to terminate their commitment in the future. Many factors may influence the ability or willingness of Sunlight’s existing capital providers to renew their annual capital commitments and the terms on which such renewals are made, including, but not limited to, changes in economic conditions, including credit markets and interest rates, adverse trends or events affecting the lending industry or industries that Sunlight serves, changes in strategy by capital providers, the overall attractiveness of the returns that may be realized from solar system or home improvement loans by capital providers from their relationship with Sunlight, Sunlight’s performance and the performance of loans originated through the Sunlight Platform and changes in legislation and regulations that affect Sunlight or capital providers. Sunlight cannot predict its third-party capital providers’ appetite to continue originating solar system or home improvement loans or other risks to such parties businesses that could cause any such party to not renew their loan funding program with Sunlight.
In addition, Sunlight’s funding program agreements contain covenants and agreements relating to the origination of loans on such providers’ balance sheets. If Sunlight materially breaches these conditions and fails to cure them in the time allotted, the relevant capital provider may terminate its relationship with Sunlight. Such covenants and agreements generally include, among others, obligations related to funding volumes, concentration limits on certain loan products, FICO score requirements, agreements related to Sunlight’s legal compliance in the origination process, underwriting requirements, milestone payment requirements and data privacy requirements. If Sunlight were to breach one or more of the covenants and the relevant existing
 
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capital provider elects to terminate its relationship with Sunlight and Sunlight is unable to procure alternative agreements with new capital providers or increase commitments from other existing capital providers in a timely manner and on acceptable terms, or at all, Sunlight’s results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Dependence by Sunlight on one capital provider or a group of similarly situated capital providers that would be impacted similarly by market factors subjects Sunlight to concentration risk. In 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively, one capital provider, Technology Credit Union, funded 53.2%, 48.9% and 47.4% of Sunlight’s funded solar system loan volume. In the quarter ended March 31, 2021, Technology Credit Union funded 39.8% of Sunlight’s funded solar system loan volume. Also, although in separate geographical jurisdictions, in those same years, 63.7%, 73.9% and 84.3%, respectively, of Sunlight’s total solar system loan volume was funded by credit unions, which could have similar market, regulatory or other risks that could simultaneously impact their ability to continue to originate solar system loans through Sunlight. Sunlight’s continued growth could be materially and adversely affected if this or any other of its capital providers or a group of them were not able to or determined not to continue to fund solar loans facilitated by Sunlight, and Sunlight was not able to attract additional capital providers to replace that funding capacity. Capital providers could determine to stop funding solar loans for different reasons that are outside of Sunlight’s control such as a desire to diversify their own asset bases, changes in the market or regulatory requirements or other circumstances.
Sunlight is subject to regular audits by its capital providers and their regulators, as well as certain other parties closely involved in Sunlight’s processes, such as credit bureaus. If Sunlight does not “pass” these audits, Sunlight could suffer reputational damage that will make it more difficult to engage capital providers or extend its current relationships on positive economic terms to Sunlight, which could negatively impact Sunlight’s business and financial condition.
Sunlight is subject to regular audits by its capital providers and their regulators, as well as certain other parties closely involved in Sunlight’s processes, such as credit bureaus. These audits are broad and include reviews of Sunlight’s consumer protection law policies and procedures, privacy practices, information technology security measures, human resources practices and other areas of operation. If Sunlight does not “pass” these audits or Sunlight’s performance is deemed weak or significant deficiencies are identified, Sunlight could suffer reputational damage. Sunlight’s existing capital providers may be less willing to extend the terms of their existing agreements or may elect to increase the cost of capital to Sunlight if it perceives these issues as increasing their risk. These issues may also make it more difficult for Sunlight to engage new capital providers on positive economic terms to Sunlight. Further, if third parties critical to Sunlight’s operations should find Sunlight’s audit results concerning, they may not be willing to continue to partner with Sunlight. If these critical parties are not willing to continue to partner with Sunlight, Sunlight may need to alter its operations in a manner that has a negative impact on its business or Sunlight may experience business disruption while it seeks to find a replacement vendor (which, if identified, may not be available to Sunlight on positive economic terms) that could negatively impact Sunlight’s business and financial condition.
Contractor and marketplace confidence in Sunlight’s liquidity and long-term business prospects is important for building and maintaining Sunlight’s business. Additionally, if Sunlight experiences negative publicity, it may lose the confidence of its funding providers, capital providers and contractors and Sunlight’s business may suffer.
Sunlight’s financial condition, operating results and business prospects may suffer materially if it is unable to establish and maintain confidence about its liquidity and long-term business prospects among contractors, consumers and within Sunlight’s industry. Sunlight’s contractor network is Sunlight’s distribution channel for the loans originated through Orange® and therefore serves as the means by which Sunlight is able to rapidly and successfully expand within existing and prospective markets. Contractors and other third parties will be less likely to enter into agreements with Sunlight if they are uncertain if Sunlight will be able to make payments on time, its business will succeed or its operations will continue for many years. Sunlight may not succeed in its efforts to build this confidence.
 
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Sunlight relies on a number of third-party service providers and vendors, and if certain of those vendors are unable or unwilling to provide their services or products, Sunlight may experience meaningful harm to its business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight has established a process whereby it evaluates each vendor to determine if such vendor is “critical” to Sunlight’s business. Sunlight defines “critical” as a vendor that, if unwilling or unable to provide its services or products to Sunlight for seven days, would potentially cause Sunlight to experience material harm to its business. Sunlight currently has 18 vendors qualified as critical. Most of these critical vendors relate to services provided to support Orange® and other related technology. No assurance can be given that any vendor critical to Sunlight’s business will not experience a prolonged business or system disruption, financial difficulties, including potential bankruptcy, or other circumstances that could cause such vendor to be unable to perform under its contract with Sunlight. Further, Sunlight cannot predict whether any critical vendor would choose to breach an agreement or not renew a contract in an effort to increase pricing or otherwise that a dispute will not occur between Sunlight and a critical vendor. If any of these events do occur, Sunlight will need to find a replacement and integrate such replacement vendor quickly. If Sunlight cannot locate an adequate replacement or cannot integrate the replacement vendor services quickly, Sunlight may have to alter its operations or experience business disruption itself, which would likely have a material adverse impact on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Financial and Accounting-Related Risks
Sunlight’s projections are subject to significant risks, assumptions, estimates and uncertainties. As a result, Sunlight’s projected revenues, market share, expenses, profitability and any guidance it may publish from time to time may differ materially from its expectations.
Sunlight operates in rapidly changing and competitive industries and Sunlight’s projections will be subject to the risks and assumptions made by management with respect to its industry. Operating results are difficult to forecast because they generally depend on a number of factors, including competition, Sunlight’s ability to attract and retain capital providers and contractors, general industry trends and financial market considerations. Additionally, as described under “— Sunlight’s revenue is impacted, to a significant extent, by the general economy and the financial performance of its capital providers and contractors,” Sunlight’s business may be affected by reductions in consumer spending from time to time as a result of a number of factors that may be difficult to predict, rising interest rates and a reduction of the general availability of capital to consumers. This may result in decreased revenue and Sunlight may be unable to adopt measures in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected decline. This inability could cause Sunlight’s operating results in a given quarter to be higher or lower than expected. If actual results differ from Sunlight’s estimates, analysts may negatively react and Sunlight’s stock price could be materially adversely impacted.
Additionally, Sunlight may, from time to time, provide guidance regarding its future performance that represents management’s estimates as of the date such guidance is provided. Guidance is necessarily speculative in nature, and it can be expected that some or all of the assumptions that inform such guidance will not materialize or will vary significantly from actual results. Sunlight’s ability to meet funded volume, cost, Adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow or any other forward-looking guidance is impacted by a number of factors including, but not limited to, changes in domestic and foreign business, market, financial, political and legal conditions; risks related to Sunlight’s business and the timing of expected business milestones or results; the effects of competition and regulatory risks, and the impacts of changes in legislation or regulations on Sunlight’s future business; the expiration, renewal, modification or replacement of the federal solar investment tax credit; the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Sunlight’s business or future results; and Sunlight’s ability to issue equity or equity-linked securities. Accordingly, Sunlight’s guidance is only an estimate of what management believes is realizable as of the date such guidance is provided. Actual results may vary from such guidance and the variations may be material.
Sunlight’s revenue is impacted, to a significant extent, by the general economy and the financial performance of its capital providers and contractors.
Sunlight’s business, the consumer financial services industry, its contractors’ and its capital providers’ businesses are sensitive to macroeconomic conditions. Economic factors such as interest rates, changes in
 
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monetary and related policies, market volatility, consumer confidence and unemployment rates are among the most significant factors that impact consumer spending behavior. Weak economic conditions or a significant deterioration in economic conditions reduce the amount of disposable income consumers have, which in turn reduces consumer spending and the willingness of qualified borrowers to take out loans. Such conditions are also likely to affect the ability and willingness of borrowers to pay amounts owed to Sunlight or its capital providers, each of which would have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition.
General economic conditions and the willingness of its capital providers to deploy capital in the consumer industries within which Sunlight operates impacts Sunlight’s performance. The origination of new loans through Orange®, and the platform fees and other fee income to Sunlight associated with such loans, is dependent upon sales and installations of solar systems and home improvements. Contractors’ sales may decrease or fail to increase as a result of factors outside of their control, such as the macroeconomic conditions referenced above, business conditions affecting an industry vertical or region or changing regulatory environments. Weak economic conditions also could extend the length of contractors’ sales cycle and cause prospective borrowers to delay making (or not make) purchases of solar systems or home improvements. The decline of sales by contractors for any reason will generally result in reduced loan volume and associated fee income for Sunlight and its capital providers, which may materially adversely affect Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
In addition, if a contractor or capital provider becomes subject to a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy proceeding (or if there is a perception that it may become subject to a bankruptcy proceeding), borrowers may have less incentive to pay their outstanding balances to Sunlight or its capital providers, which could result in higher charge-off rates than anticipated. Any consistent or system failures of Sunlight’s contractors or capital providers could materially adversely affect Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
If assumptions or estimates Sunlight uses in preparing its financial statements are incorrect or are required to change, Sunlight’s reported results of operations, liquidity and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Sunlight is required to make various assumptions and estimates in preparing its financial statements under GAAP, including for purposes of determining finance charge reversals, share-based compensation, asset impairment, reserves related to litigation and other legal matters, and other regulatory exposures and the amounts recorded for certain contractual payments to be paid to, or received from, Sunlight’s counterparties and others under contractual arrangements. In addition, significant assumptions and estimates are involved in determining certain disclosures required under GAAP, including those involving fair value measurements. If the assumptions or estimates underlying Sunlight’s financial statements are incorrect, the actual amounts realized on transactions and balances subject to those estimates will be different, which could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.
Future changes in financial accounting standards may significantly change Sunlight’s reported results of operations.
GAAP is subject to standard setting or interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the PCAOB, the SEC and various bodies formed to promulgate and interpret appropriate accounting principles. A change in these principles or interpretations could have a significant effect on Sunlight’s reported financial results and could affect the reporting of transactions completed before the announcement of a change.
Additionally, Sunlight’s assumptions, estimates and judgments related to complex accounting matters could significantly affect its financial results. GAAP and related accounting pronouncements, implementation guidelines and interpretations with regard to a wide range of matters that are relevant to its business, including, without limitation, revenue recognition, finance charge reversals and share-based compensation, are highly complex and involve subjective assumptions, estimates and judgments by Sunlight. Changes in these rules or their interpretation or changes in underlying assumptions, estimates or judgments by Sunlight could require Sunlight to make changes to its accounting systems that could increase its operating costs and significantly change its reported or expected financial performance.
 
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Risks Related to Legal Matters and Sunlight’s Regulatory Environment
Litigation, regulatory actions and compliance issues could subject Sunlight to significant fines, penalties, judgments, remediation costs, indemnification obligations and/or other requirements resulting in increased expenses and negatively impacting Sunlight’s liquidity and financial condition.
Sunlight’s business is subject to increased risks of litigation and regulatory actions as a result of a number of factors and from various sources, including as a result of the highly regulated nature of the consumer financial services industry and the focus of state and federal enforcement agencies on the financial services industry.
Federal and state agencies have broad enforcement powers over Sunlight, including powers to investigate Sunlight’s business practices and broad discretion to deem particular practices unfair, deceptive, abusive or otherwise not in accordance with the law. The continued focus of regulators on the consumer financial services industry has resulted, and could continue to result, in new enforcement actions that could, directly or indirectly, affect the manner in which Sunlight conducts its business and increase the costs of defending and settling any such matters, which could negatively impact its business. In some cases, regardless of fault, it may be less time-consuming or costly to settle these matters, which may require Sunlight to implement certain changes to its business practices, provide remediation to certain individuals or make a settlement payment to a given party or regulatory body. There is no assurance that any future settlements will not have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.
From time to time, Sunlight may be involved in, or the subject of, reviews, requests for information, investigations and proceedings (both formal and informal) by state and federal governmental agencies regarding Sunlight’s business activities and Sunlight’s qualifications to conduct its business in certain jurisdictions, which could subject Sunlight to significant fines, penalties, obligations to change its business practices, capital provider, contractor and consumer remediations, increased compliance costs and other requirements resulting in increased expenses and diminished earnings. Sunlight’s involvement in any such matter also could cause significant harm to its reputation and divert management attention from the operation of its business, even if the matters are ultimately determined in Sunlight’s favor. Moreover, any settlement, or any consent order or adverse judgment in connection with any formal or informal proceeding or investigation by a government agency, may prompt litigation or additional investigations or proceedings as other litigants or other government agencies begin independent reviews of the same activities.
In addition, a number of participants in the consumer finance industry have been the subject of putative class action lawsuits; state attorney general actions and other state regulatory actions; federal regulatory enforcement actions, including actions relating to alleged unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices; violations of state licensing and lending laws, including state usury laws; actions alleging discrimination on the basis of race, ethnicity, gender or other prohibited bases; and allegations of noncompliance with various state and federal laws and regulations relating to originating and servicing consumer finance loans. The current regulatory environment, increased regulatory compliance requirements and enhanced regulatory enforcement could result in significant operational and compliance costs and may prevent Sunlight from offering certain products and services. There is no assurance that these regulatory matters or other factors will not, in the future, affect how Sunlight conducts its business and, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business or results of operations. In particular, legal proceedings brought under state consumer protection statutes or under several of the various federal consumer financial services statutes may result in a separate fine for each violation of the statute, which, particularly in the case of class action lawsuits, could result in damages substantially in excess of the amounts Sunlight earned from the underlying activities.
In addition, from time to time, through Sunlight’s operational and compliance controls, Sunlight identifies compliance issues that require it to make operational changes and, depending on the nature of the issue and contractual obligations to its various capital providers, result in financial remediation to impacted capital providers or consumers. These self-identified issues and voluntary remediation payments could be significant, depending on the issue and the number of capital providers, contractors or consumers impacted, and also could generate litigation or regulatory investigations that subject Sunlight to additional risk.
 
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Sunlight is subject to federal and state consumer protection laws.
In connection with the origination of loans, Sunlight must comply with various regulatory regimes, including those applicable to consumer credit transactions, various aspects of which are untested as applied to Sunlight’s business model. The complex regulatory environment of the consumer credit industry are subject to constant change and modification. While changes to statutes and promulgating new regulations may take a substantial amount of time, issuing regulatory guidance with the force of law in the form of opinions, bulletins and notices can occur quickly. Also, consumer credit regulators often initiate inquiries into market participants, which can lead to investigations and, ultimately, enforcement actions. In addition, the laws and regulations applicable to Sunlight are subject to administrative or judicial interpretation. Some of these laws and regulations have been enacted only recently and may not yet have been interpreted or may be interpreted infrequently. As a result of infrequent or sparse interpretations, ambiguities in these laws and regulations may create uncertainty with respect to what type of conduct is permitted or restricted under such laws and regulations. Any ambiguity under a law or regulation to which Sunlight is subject may lead to regulatory investigations, governmental enforcement actions and private causes of action, such as class action lawsuits, with respect to Sunlight’s compliance with such laws or regulations. As a result, Sunlight is subject to a constantly evolving regulatory environment that is difficult to predict and which may affect Sunlight’s business. The laws to which Sunlight directly or its services by contract are or may be subject to include, among others:

state laws and regulations that impose requirements related to loan disclosures and terms, credit discrimination and unfair or deceptive business practices;

the Truth-in-Lending Act, and its implementing Regulation Z, and similar state laws, which require certain disclosures to borrowers regarding the terms and conditions of their loans and credit transactions;

Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, which prohibits unfair and deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce, and Section 1031 of the Dodd-Frank Act, which prohibits unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts or practices (“UDAAP”), in connection with any consumer financial product or service;

the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, and its implementing Regulation B, which prohibit creditors from discriminating against credit applicants on the basis of race, color, sex, age, religion, national origin, marital status, the fact that all or part of the applicant’s income derives from any public assistance program or the fact that the applicant has in good faith exercised any right under the Federal Consumer Credit Protection Act or any applicable state law;

the Fair Credit Reporting Act (the “FCRA”), and its implementing Regulation V, as amended by the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, which promotes the accuracy, fairness and privacy of information in the files of consumer reporting agencies;

the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, and its implementing Regulation F, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, as well as state debt collection laws, all of which provide guidelines and limitations concerning the conduct of debt collectors in connection with the collection of consumer debts;

the Bankruptcy Code, which limits the extent to which creditors may seek to enforce debts against parties who have filed for bankruptcy protection;

state data privacy laws, including the California Consumer Privacy Act, which includes certain limitations on the disclosure of nonpublic personal information by financial institutions about a consumer to nonaffiliated third parties, in certain circumstances require financial institutions to limit the use and further disclosure of nonpublic personal information by nonaffiliated third parties to whom they disclose such information and requires financial institutions to disclose certain privacy policies and practices with respect to information sharing with affiliated and nonaffiliated entities as well as to safeguard personal consumer information, and other privacy laws and regulations;

the rules and regulations promulgated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the National Credit Union Administration, as well as state banking regulators;
 
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the Office of Foreign Assets Control, which publishes a list of individuals and companies owned or controlled by, or acting for or on behalf of, targeted or sanctioned countries, whose assets are blocked and Sunlight is generally prohibited from dealing with;

the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, which allows active duty military members to suspend or postpone certain civil obligations, and prohibits certain creditor self-help remedies, including repossession, so that the military member can devote his or her full attention to military duties;

the Military Lending Act, enacted in 2006 and implemented by the Department of Defense, which imposes a 36% cap on the “all-in” annual percentage rates charged on certain loans to active-duty members of the U.S. military, reserves and National Guard and their dependents;

the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, and Regulation E promulgated thereunder, which provide disclosure requirements, guidelines and restrictions on the electronic transfer of funds from consumers’ bank accounts;

the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, which restricts telephone solicitations and the use of automated phone equipment;

the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, and similar state laws, particularly the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, which authorize the creation of legally binding and enforceable agreements utilizing electronic records and signatures; and

the Bank Secrecy Act, which relates to compliance with anti-money laundering, due diligence and record-keeping policies and procedures.
While Sunlight has developed policies and procedures designed to assist in compliance with these laws and regulations, no assurance is given that its compliance policies and procedures will be effective. Failure to comply with these laws and with regulatory requirements applicable to Sunlight’s business could subject it to damages, revocation of licenses, class action lawsuits, administrative enforcement actions, civil and criminal liability, indemnification obligations to its capital providers, loan repurchase obligations and reputational damage which may harm Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
The consumer finance industry is highly regulated and subject to regular changes or evolution in those regulatory requirements. Changing federal, state and local laws, as well as changing regulatory enforcement policies and priorities, may negatively impact Sunlight’s business.
In connection with Sunlight’s financial services operations, Sunlight is subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination under United States federal and state laws and regulations. Sunlight is required to comply with numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations that regulate, among other things, the manner in which Sunlight administers loans, the terms of the loans that its capital providers originate and the fees that Sunlight may charge. Any failure to comply with any of these laws or regulations could subject Sunlight to lawsuits or governmental actions or damage Sunlight’s reputation, which could materially and adversely affect Sunlight’s business. Regulators have broad discretion with respect to the interpretation, implementation and enforcement of these laws and regulations, including through enforcement actions that could subject Sunlight to civil money penalties, capital provider and consumer remediations, increased compliance costs and limits or prohibitions on Sunlight’s ability to offer certain products or services or to engage in certain activities. In addition, to the extent that Sunlight undertakes actions requiring regulatory approval or non-objection, regulators may make their approval or non-objection subject to conditions or restrictions that could have a material adverse effect on its business. Moreover, any competitors subject to different, or in some cases less restrictive, legislative or regulatory regimes may have or obtain a competitive advantage over Sunlight.
Proposals to change the statutes affecting financial services companies are frequently introduced in Congress and state legislatures that, if enacted, may affect its operating environment in substantial and unpredictable ways. In addition, numerous federal and state regulators have the authority to promulgate or change regulations that could have a similar effect on Sunlight’s operating environment. Sunlight cannot determine with any degree of certainty whether any such legislative or regulatory proposals will be enacted and, if enacted, the ultimate impact that any such potential legislation or implementing regulations, or any
 
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such potential regulatory actions by federal or state regulators, would have upon Sunlight’s business, results of operations or financial condition.
Sunlight is also subject to potential enforcement and other actions that may be brought by state attorneys general or other state enforcement authorities and other governmental agencies. Any such actions could subject Sunlight to civil money penalties and fines, capital provider, contractor and consumer remediation, and increased compliance costs, damage its reputation and brand and limit or prohibit Sunlight’s ability to offer certain products and services or engage in certain business practices.
New laws, regulations, policy or changes in enforcement of existing laws or regulations applicable to Sunlight’s business, or reexamination of current practices, could adversely impact Sunlight’s profitability, limit its ability to continue existing or pursue new business activities, require it to change certain of its business practices or alter its relationships with contractors or capital providers, affect retention of key personnel, including management, or expose Sunlight to additional costs (including increased compliance costs and/or capital provider, contractor or consumer remediation). These changes also may require Sunlight to invest significant resources, and devote significant management attention, to make any necessary changes and could adversely affect its business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight’s “business to business to consumer” business model subjects Sunlight and its capital providers to potential regulatory risk and litigation based on the sales practices employed by the various contractors in Sunlight’s networks.
Loan products offered by Sunlight through Orange® are offered to the consumer customers of the various contractors in Sunlight’s contractor networks by sales people employed by or engaged as third-party service providers of such contractors. Sales of consumer loans are regulated by various federal, state and local regulators. From time to time, Sunlight and its capital providers have been included in lawsuits brought by the consumer customers of certain contractors in Sunlight’s networks citing claims based on the sales practices of these contractors. Sunlight does not view contractors in its networks as its agents for whose actions Sunlight would potentially have vicarious liability. Sunlight has processes to provide educational support to these contractors and a robust process to detect any contractor sales practices that may violate applicable law and Sunlight obtains indemnities for such claims in the program agreements between Sunlight and the contractors with whom Sunlight partners. While Sunlight has paid only minimal damages to date, Sunlight cannot be sure that a court of law would not determine that Sunlight is liable for the actions of the contractors in Sunlight’s networks or that a regulator or state attorney general’s office would not hold Sunlight accountable for violations of consumer protection or other applicable laws by the contractors in selling Sunlight loans. Sunlight’s risk mitigation processes may not be sufficient to mitigate financial harm to Sunlight or its capital providers associated with violations of applicable law by its contractors or that any such contractor would or is able to make good on its indemnification obligations to Sunlight or its capital providers. Any significant finding making Sunlight liable for damages in such claims could expose Sunlight to broader liabilities, a need to adjust its distribution channels for its loan products or otherwise change its business model, and could have a material and adverse impact on Sunlight’s business prospects.
The highly regulated environment in which Sunlight’s capital providers operate could have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s business.
Sunlight and its capital providers are subject to federal and state supervision and regulation. Federal and state regulation of the banking industry, credit unions and other types of capital providers, along with tax and accounting laws, regulations, rules and standards, may limit their operations significantly and control the methods by which they conduct business and when and how they are able to deploy their capital. These requirements may constrain Sunlight’s ability to enter funding program agreements with new capital providers or the ability of its existing capital providers to continue originating loans through the Sunlight Platform. In choosing whether and how to conduct business with Sunlight, current and prospective capital providers can be expected to take into account the legal, regulatory and supervisory regimes that apply to them, including potential changes in the application or interpretation of regulatory standards, licensing requirements or supervisory expectations. Regulators may elect to alter standards or the interpretation of the standards used to measure regulatory compliance or to determine the adequacy of liquidity, certain risk management or other operational practices for financial services companies in a manner that impacts capital providers’ ability
 
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to originate loans through the Sunlight Platform. An inability for an individual or type of capital provider to originate loans through the Sunlight Platform could materially and adversely affect Sunlight’s ability to grow its business.
The contours of the Dodd-Frank UDAAP standard remain uncertain, and there is a risk that certain features of Sunlight’s business could be deemed to be a UDAAP.
The Dodd-Frank Act prohibits UDAAP and authorizes the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”) to enforce that prohibition. The CFPB has filed a large number of UDAAP enforcement actions against consumer lenders for practices that do not appear to violate other consumer finance statutes. There is a risk that the CFPB could determine that certain features of loans for the purchase and installation of solar systems or home improvements or the process by which Sunlight originates such loans are unfair, deceptive or abusive, which could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Most states also have their own statutes designed to protect consumers from UDAAP. In addition to federal UDAAP claims, Sunlight could also be subject to consumer litigation arising out of state UDAAP laws or state regulatory investigations alleging that Sunlight’s business practices are unfair, deceptive or abusive, which could in turn have similar material adverse effects on Sunlight’s business and financial condition.
Regulations relating to privacy, information security and data protection could increase Sunlight’s costs, affect or limit how Sunlight collects and uses personal information, and adversely affect its business opportunities.
Sunlight is subject to various privacy, information security and data protection laws, including, without limitation, requirements concerning security breach notification, and it could be negatively impacted by them.
Furthermore, legislators and/or regulators are increasingly adopting or revising privacy, information security and data protection laws that potentially could have a significant impact on Sunlight’s current and planned privacy, data protection and information security-related practices; Sunlight’s collection, use, sharing, retention and safeguarding of consumer or employee information; and some of Sunlight’s current or planned business activities. This also could increase Sunlight’s costs of compliance and business operations and could reduce income from certain business initiatives.
Compliance with current or future privacy, information security and data protection laws (including those regarding security breach notification) affecting consumer or employee data to which Sunlight is subject could result in higher compliance and technology costs and could restrict Sunlight’s ability to provide certain products and services (such as products or services that involve sharing information with third parties), which could materially and adversely affect Sunlight’s profitability. Additionally, regulators may attempt to assert authority over Sunlight’s business in the area of privacy, information security and data protection. If Sunlight’s vendors also become subject to laws and regulations in the more stringent and expansive jurisdictions, this could result in increasing costs on Sunlight’s business.
Privacy requirements, including notice and opt-out requirements under the FCRA, are enforced by the FTC and by the CFPB (through UDAAP). State entities also may initiate actions for alleged violations of privacy or security requirements under state law. Sunlight’s failure to comply with privacy, information security and data protection laws could result in potentially significant regulatory investigations and government actions, litigation, fines or sanctions, consumer, capital providers or contractor actions and damage to Sunlight’s reputation and brand, all of which could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
If Sunlight is found to be operating without having obtained necessary state or local licenses, it could adversely affect Sunlight’s business.
Certain states have adopted laws regulating and requiring licensing by parties that engage in certain activity regarding consumer finance transactions, including, in certain circumstances facilitating and assisting such transactions. While Sunlight believes it has obtained all necessary licenses, the application of some consumer finance licensing laws to Sunlight’s loans is unclear. Further, if a governmental or enforcement agency determines that Sunlight is the “true lender” of loans originated under its bank partnership
 
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arrangement, Sunlight could be found to have violated licensing requirements of several states and other consumer protection statutes. If Sunlight is found to be in violation of applicable state licensing requirements by a court or a state, federal, or local enforcement agency, it could be subject to fines, damages, injunctive relief (including required modification or discontinuation of Sunlight’s business in certain areas), criminal penalties and other penalties or consequences, including indemnification obligations to its capital providers, and the loans originated through Orange® could be rendered void or unenforceable, in whole or in part, any of which could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
Sunlight may in the future be subject to federal or state regulatory inquiries regarding its business.
From time to time, in the normal course of its business, Sunlight may receive or be subject to, inquiries or investigations by state and federal regulatory agencies and bodies, such as the CFPB, state attorneys general, state financial regulatory agencies and other state or federal agencies or bodies regarding its loans, including the origination and servicing of consumer loans, practices by contractors or other third parties and licensing and registration requirements. Any such inquiries or investigations could involve substantial time and expense to analyze and respond to, could divert management’s attention and other resources from running Sunlight’s business and could lead to public enforcement actions or lawsuits and fines, penalties, injunctive relief and the need to obtain additional licenses that it does not currently possess. Sunlight’s involvement in any such matters, whether tangential or otherwise and even if the matters are ultimately determined in Sunlight’s favor, could also cause significant harm to its reputation, lead to additional investigations and enforcement actions from other agencies or litigants, and further divert management attention and resources from the operation of Sunlight’s business. As a result, the outcome of legal and regulatory actions arising out of any state or federal inquiries Sunlight receives could be material to its business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows and could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Securities
An active trading market for our Class A Common Stock may never develop or be sustained, which may make it difficult to sell the shares of our Class A Common Stock you purchase.
An active trading market for the our Class A Common Stock may not develop or continue or, if developed, may not be sustained, which would make it difficult for you to sell your shares of our Class A Common Stock at an attractive price (or at all). The market price of our Class A Common Stock may decline below your purchase price, and you may not be able to sell your shares of our Class A Common Stock at or above the price you paid for such shares (or at all).
The market price of our Class A Common Stock and publicly-traded warrants is likely to be highly volatile, and you may lose some or all of your investment.
The market price of our Class A Common Stock and publicly-traded warrants is likely to be highly volatile following the Closing of the Business Combination and may be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a variety of factors, including the following:

actual or anticipated fluctuations in operating results;

failure to meet or exceed financial estimates and projections of the investment community or that we provide to the public;

issuance of new or updated research or reports by securities analysts or changed recommendations for the industry in general;

announcements of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, collaborations or capital commitments;

operating and share price performance of other companies in the industry or related markets;

the timing and magnitude of investments in the growth of the business;

actual or anticipated changes in laws and regulations;
 
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additions or departures of key management or other personnel;

sales of substantial amounts of the Class A Common Stock by members of the Sunlight Board, executive officers or significant stockholders or the perception that such sales could occur;

changes in capital structure, including future issuances of securities or the incurrence of debt; and

general economic, political and market conditions.
In addition, the stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of affected companies. Broad market and industry factors may seriously affect the market price of our Class A Common Stock, regardless of actual operating performance. In addition, in the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a particular company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. This litigation, if instituted, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources.
We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. This material weakness could continue to adversely affect our ability to report our results of operations and financial condition accurately and in a timely manner.
Following the issuance of the statement regarding the accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by special purpose acquisition companies entitled “Staff Statement on Accounting and Reporting Considerations for Warrants Issued by Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”)” by the Acting Director of the Division of Corporation Finance and Acting Chief Accountant of the SEC (the “SEC Staff” and such statement, the “SEC Staff Statement”) on April 12, 2021, and after consultation with our independent registered public accounting firm, our management and our Audit Committee, we concluded that, in light of the SEC Staff Statement, it was appropriate to restate previously issued and audited financial statements as of and for the period ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from August 17, 2020 (inception) to December 31, 2020.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Our management is likewise required, on a quarterly basis, to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal controls and to disclose any changes and material weaknesses identified through such evaluation of those internal controls. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
As described elsewhere in this prospectus, we have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the accounting for a significant and unusual transaction related to the warrants we issued in connection with the Initial Public Offering in November 2020. As a result of this material weakness, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2020. This material weakness resulted in a material misstatement of our derivative warrant liabilities, change in fair value of derivative warrant liabilities, shares of Class A Common Stock subject to possible redemption, accumulated deficit and related financial disclosures for the period from August 17, 2020 (inception) through December 31, 2020. For a discussion of management’s consideration of the material weakness identified related to our accounting for a significant and unusual transaction related to the warrants we issued in connection with the Initial Public Offering, see “Note 2 — Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements” to Spartan’s audited financial statements (as restated) as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 included elsewhere in this prospectus.
We have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was ineffective as of December 31, 2020 because material weaknesses existed in our internal control over financial reporting. We have taken a number of measures to remediate the material weaknesses described therein; however, if we are unable to remediate our material weaknesses in a timely manner or we identify additional material weaknesses, we may be unable to provide required financial information in a timely and reliable manner and we may incorrectly report financial information. Likewise, if our financial statements are not filed on a timely basis, we could be
 
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subject to sanctions or investigations by the stock exchange on which our Class A Common Stock is listed, the SEC or other regulatory authorities. The existence of material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting could adversely affect our reputation or investor perceptions of us, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock. In addition, we will incur additional costs to remediate material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, as described in our Amendment No. 1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
We can give no assurance that the measures we have taken and plan to take in the future will remediate the material weakness identified or that any additional material weaknesses or restatements of financial results will not arise in the future due to a failure to implement and maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting or circumvention of these controls. In addition, even if we are successful in strengthening our controls and procedures, in the future those controls and procedures may not be adequate to prevent or identify irregularities or errors or to facilitate the fair presentation of our financial statements.
Additional restatements of financial results, or the time required to evaluate possible errors, may impact the market price for our Class A Common Stock.
There has been recent focus on historical accounting practices by SPACs. For example, on April 12, 2021, the SEC Staff issued the SEC Staff Statement, which resulted in a determination that the warrants and other related instruments issued by many SPACs, including us, being classified as liabilities rather equity. Further guidance from the SEC or industry-wide consensus could result in additional changes in the accounting treatment of features related to SPACs. Changes could result in the recognition of accounting errors in our previously issued financial statements, restatements of our previously issued audited financial statements, the filing of notices that previously issued financial statements may not be relied upon, and findings of material weaknesses and significant deficiencies in internal controls over financial reporting.
Our warrants are accounted for as liabilities and the changes in value of our warrants could have a material effect on our financial results.
The SEC Staff Statement regarding the accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by SPACs focused on certain settlement terms and provisions related to certain tender offers following a business combination. The terms described in the SEC Staff Statement are common in SPACs and are similar to the terms contained in the warrant agreement governing our warrants. In response to the SEC Staff Statement, we reevaluated the accounting treatment of our public warrants and private placement warrants, and determined to classify the warrants as derivative liabilities measured at fair value, with changes in fair value each period reported in earnings. As a result, included on our balance sheet as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 contained elsewhere in this prospectus are derivative liabilities related to embedded features contained within our warrants. Accounting Standards Codification 815, Derivatives and Hedging, provides for the remeasurement of the fair value of such derivatives at each balance sheet date, with a resulting non-cash gain or loss related to the change in the fair value being recognized in earnings in the statement of operations. As a result of the recurring fair value measurement, our financial statements and results of operations may fluctuate quarterly based on factors which are outside of our control. Due to the recurring fair value measurement, we expect that we will recognize non-cash gains or losses on our warrants each reporting period and that the amount of such gains or losses could be material.
We may face litigation and other risks as a result of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting and the restatement of our financial statements.
Following the issuance of the SEC Staff Statement, the Audit Committee of the Sunlight Board, after considering the recommendations of management, determined that it was appropriate to restate our previously filed financial statements for certain periods. See “— Our warrants are accounted for as liabilities and the changes in value of our warrants could have a material effect on our financial results.” As part of this restatement, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting.
As a result of such material weakness, such restatement, the change in accounting for the warrants, and other matters raised or that may in the future be raised by the SEC, we face potential for litigation or other disputes which may include, among others, claims invoking the federal and state securities laws, contractual claims or other claims arising from the restatement and material weaknesses in our internal control over
 
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financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements. As of the date of this prospectus, we have no knowledge of any such litigation or dispute. However, we can provide no assurance that such litigation or dispute will not arise in the future. Any such litigation or dispute, whether successful or not, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight’s management has limited experience in operating a public company.
Sunlight’s executive officers and directors have limited experience in the management of a publicly traded company. Sunlight’s management team may not successfully or effectively manage a public company that is subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under federal securities laws. Their limited experience in dealing with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies could be a significant disadvantage in that it is likely that an increasing amount of their time may be devoted to these activities, which will result in less time being devoted to the management and growth of Sunlight. It is possible that Sunlight will be required to expand its employee base and hire additional employees to support its operations as a public company, which will increase its operating costs in future periods.
Sunlight will incur significant increased expenses and administrative burdens as a public company, which could have an adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight will face increased legal, accounting, administrative and other costs and expenses as a public company that Sunlight LLC did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), including the requirements of Section 404, as well as rules and regulations subsequently implemented by the SEC, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and the rules and regulations promulgated and to be promulgated thereunder, the PCAOB and the securities exchanges, impose additional reporting and other obligations on public companies. Compliance with public company requirements will increase costs and make certain activities more time-consuming. A number of those requirements will require Sunlight to carry out activities Sunlight LLC did not do previously. For example, Sunlight will create new board committees and adopt new internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, additional expenses associated with SEC reporting requirements will be incurred. Furthermore, if any issues in complying with those requirements are identified, such as the restatement of our previously issued and consolidated financial statements, and related material weakness as described in the Form 10-K/A filed with the SEC on May 21, 2021 (see also “— We may face litigation and other risks as a result of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting and the restatement of our financial statements,” and “— We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. This material weakness could continue to adversely affect our ability to report our results of operations and financial condition accurately and in a timely manner,” for more detail), Sunlight could incur additional costs rectifying those or new issues, and the existence of such issues could adversely affect Sunlight’s reputation or investor perceptions of it. It may also be more expensive to maintain director and officer liability insurance. Risks associated with Sunlight’s status as a public company may make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on the Sunlight Board or as executive officers. The additional reporting and other obligations imposed by these rules and regulations will increase legal and financial compliance costs and the costs of related legal, accounting and administrative activities. These increased costs will require Sunlight to divert a significant amount of money that could otherwise be used to expand the business and achieve strategic objectives. Advocacy efforts by stockholders and third parties may also prompt additional changes in governance and reporting requirements, which could further increase costs.
Sunlight may not be able to timely and effectively implement controls and procedures required by Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Sunlight is subject to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and is required to provide management’s attestation on internal controls. The standards required for a public company under Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are significantly more stringent than those required of a privately-held company. Management may not be able to effectively and timely implement controls and procedures that adequately respond to the increased regulatory compliance and reporting requirements that are now applicable. If Sunlight is not able to implement the additional requirements of Section 404(a) in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, it may not be able to assess whether its internal controls over financial reporting are
 
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effective, which may subject it to adverse regulatory consequences and could harm investor confidence and the market price of its shares of Class A Common Stock.
Sunlight qualifies as an emerging growth company within the meaning of the Securities Act and takes advantage of certain exemptions from disclosure requirements available to emerging growth companies, which may make Sunlight’s securities less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare its performance to the performance of other public companies.
Sunlight qualifies as an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act, as modified by the JOBS Act. As such, Sunlight is eligible for and intends to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies for as long as it continues to be an emerging growth company, including (i) the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) the exemptions from say-on-pay, say-on-frequency and say-on-golden parachute voting requirements and (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements. Sunlight will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which the market value of the shares of its Class A Common Stock that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of June 30 of that fiscal year, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which it has total annual gross revenue of $1.07 billion (as adjusted for inflation pursuant to SEC rules from time to time) or more during such fiscal year, (iii) the date on which it has issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt in the prior three-year period and (iv) the last day of the fiscal year following November 30, 2025, the fifth anniversary of the IPO. In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act so long as Sunlight remains an emerging growth company. An emerging growth company can therefore delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. Sunlight may elect not to avail itself of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, it may not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. Investors may find Class A Common Stock of Sunlight less attractive because it will rely on these exemptions, which may result in a less active trading market for such Class A Common Stock and its stock price may be more volatile. Additionally, this may make comparison of Sunlight’s financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Anti-takeover provisions contained in Sunlight’s governing documents and applicable laws could impair a takeover attempt.
The Second A&R Charter and Sunlight’s bylaws afford certain rights and powers to the Sunlight Board that could contribute to the delay or prevention of an acquisition that it deems undesirable. Sunlight is also subject to Section 203 of the DGCL and other provisions of Delaware law that limit the ability of stockholders in certain situations to effect certain business combinations. Any of the foregoing provisions and terms that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of Class A Common Stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for the Class A Common Stock.
The Second A&R Charter designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.
The Second A&R Charter provides that, unless Sunlight consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (“Court of Chancery”) will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and subject to applicable jurisdictional requirements, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction upon the Court of Chancery, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of Sunlight to Sunlight or its stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a
 
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claim against Sunlight, its directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, the Second A&R Charter or Sunlight’s bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim against Sunlight, its directors, officers or employees that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case except for such claims as to which (a) the Court of Chancery determines that it does not have personal jurisdiction over an indispensable party, (b) exclusive jurisdiction is vested in a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery or (c) the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. Further, the forum selection provision is not intended to apply to claims arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. The Second A&R Charter provides that, unless Sunlight consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the federal securities laws of the United States.
If any action, the subject matter of which is within the scope of the forum selection provision described in the preceding paragraph, is filed in a court other than the Court of Chancery (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, another state court or a federal court located within the State of Delaware) (a “Foreign Action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to (i) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the forum selection provision (an “Foreign Enforcement Action”) and (ii) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such Foreign Enforcement Action by service upon such stockholder’s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder.
Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of Sunlight’s capital stock will be deemed to have notice of, and consented to, the provisions of the Second A&R Charter described in the preceding paragraphs. This exclusive forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with Sunlight or its directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against Sunlight and such persons. Additionally, stockholders who do bring a claim in the Court of Chancery could face additional litigation costs in pursuing any such claim, particularly if they do not reside in or near Delaware. The enforceability of similar exclusive forum provisions in other companies’ certificates of incorporation has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that, in connection with one or more actions or proceedings described above, a court could rule that this provision in the Second A&R Charter is inapplicable or unenforceable. If a court were to find these provisions of the Second A&R Charter inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, Sunlight may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect its business, financial condition or results of operations.
Sunlight’s ability to continue successfully operating the business is largely dependent upon the efforts of certain key personnel of Sunlight. The loss of such key personnel could negatively impact the operations and financial results of Sunlight.
Sunlight’s ability to continue successfully operating the business is dependent upon the efforts of certain key personnel of Sunlight. It is possible that Sunlight will lose some key personnel, the loss of which could negatively impact the operations and profitability of Sunlight. Furthermore, certain of the key personnel of Sunlight may be unfamiliar with the requirements of operating a company regulated by the SEC, which could cause Sunlight to have to expend time and resources helping them become familiar with such requirements.
Some of Sunlight’s relationships with its capital providers, contractors and vendors may experience disruptions in connection with the recent consummation of the Business Combination, which may limit Sunlight’s business.
Parties with which Sunlight did business prior to consummating the Business Combination or may do business with in the future, including contractors, capital providers, consumers and vendors, may experience uncertainty associated with the recent consummation of the Business Combination, including with respect to business relationships with Sunlight. As a result, the business relationships of Sunlight may be subject to disruptions if contractors, capital providers, consumers, vendors or others attempt to renegotiate changes in existing business relationships or consider entering into business relationships with parties other than Sunlight. For example, certain third parties with whom Sunlight has business relations may exercise contractual termination rights as they arise or elect to not renew contracts with Sunlight. These disruptions
 
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could harm relationships with existing capital providers, contractors, borrowers, vendors or others and preclude Sunlight from originating new loans, all of which could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Sunlight is a holding company and its sole material asset is its indirect equity interest in Sunlight LLC. As a result, Sunlight is dependent upon distributions from Sunlight LLC to pay taxes, make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, cover its corporate and other overhead expenses and pay dividends, if any, on its Common Stock.
Sunlight is a holding company, and has no material assets other than its indirect equity interest in Sunlight LLC. Sunlight has no independent means of generating revenue or cash flow. To the extent Sunlight LLC has available cash, taking into account available borrowings, and subject to the terms of any current or future debt instruments, the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement requires Sunlight LLC to make pro rata cash distributions to all holders of Sunlight Units, including Sunlight in an amount generally intended to allow the holders of Sunlight Units, including Sunlight, to satisfy their respective income tax liabilities with respect to their allocable share of the income of Sunlight LLC, based on certain assumptions, provided that tax distributions, except in limited circumstances, will be made sufficient to allow Sunlight to satisfy its actual tax liabilities and obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement. Sunlight expects Sunlight LLC to fund such distributions out of available cash, taking into account available borrowings, and in the event that payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are accelerated, where applicable, Sunlight generally expects to fund such accelerated payment out of the proceeds of the Change of Control (as defined in the Tax Receivable Agreement) giving rise to such acceleration. In addition, the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement allows Spartan Sub, as the sole managing member of Sunlight LLC, to cause Sunlight LLC to make non-pro rata payments to Sunlight to reimburse it for its corporate and other overhead expenses, which payments are not treated as distributions under the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement. To the extent that Sunlight needs funds and Sunlight LLC fails to generate sufficient cash flow to distribute funds to it or is restricted from making such distributions or payments under applicable law or regulation or under the terms of its financing arrangements, or is otherwise unable to provide such funds, Sunlight’s liquidity and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Moreover, because Sunlight has no independent means of generating revenue, Sunlight’s ability to make tax payments and payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are dependent on the ability of Sunlight LLC to make distributions to Sunlight in an amount sufficient to cover Sunlight’s tax obligations and payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement. This ability, in turn, may depend on the ability of any subsidiaries Sunlight LLC may have in the future to make distributions to it. The ability of Sunlight LLC, any subsidiaries and any other entity in which it may own an interest, to make such distributions is subject to, among other things, (i) the applicable provisions of Delaware law (or other applicable jurisdiction) that may limit the amount of funds available for distribution and (ii) restrictions in relevant debt instruments of Sunlight LLC and its subsidiaries, if any. To the extent that Sunlight is unable to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement for any reason, such payments will be deferred and will accrue interest until paid.
Sunlight has never paid cash dividends on its capital stock, and does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.
Sunlight has not paid any cash dividends on its capital stock to date. Sunlight may retain future earnings, if any, for future operations, expansion and debt repayment and has no current plans to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of the Sunlight Board and will depend on, among other things, Sunlight’s results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors that the Sunlight Board may deem relevant. In addition, Sunlight’s ability to pay dividends is limited by covenants regarding its existing outstanding indebtedness.
The Blocker Holders and Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders own a significant amount of Sunlight’s voting stock and are entitled to appoint a majority of its board members, and their interests may conflict with those of other stockholders.
The Blocker Holders and Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders own approximately 61.4% of Sunlight’s voting stock and are entitled to appoint up to seven of the nine members of the Sunlight Board (although
 
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four of the seven appointed directors must be independent directors, as further described in the Investor Rights Agreement). In addition, each of the Blocker Holders and the Sponsor have the right to appoint and nominate persons to serve on the Sunlight Board, so long as such person continues to own at least 50.0% of the number of shares of our Common Stock owned immediately after the Closing. For a further description of such rights, see “Management — Board Composition.” As a result, the Blocker Holders and Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders may be able to substantially influence matters requiring stockholder or board approval, including the election of directors, approval of any potential acquisition of Sunlight, changes to its organizational documents and significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership makes it unlikely that any other holder or group of holders of Sunlight’s Class A Common Stock will be able to affect the way Sunlight is managed or the direction of its business. The interests of the Blocker Holders and Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders with respect to matters potentially or actually involving or affecting Sunlight, such as future acquisitions, financings and other corporate opportunities and attempts to acquire Sunlight may conflict with the interests of other stockholders.
For example, the Blocker Holders and the Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders may have different tax positions from Sunlight, especially in light of the Tax Receivable Agreement, that could influence their decisions regarding whether and when to support the disposition of assets or the incurrence or refinancing of new or existing indebtedness, or the termination of the Tax Receivable Agreement and acceleration of Sunlight’s obligations thereunder. In addition, the determination of future tax reporting positions, the structuring of future transactions and the handling of any challenge by any taxing authority to Sunlight’s tax reporting positions may take into consideration tax or other considerations of the Blocker Holders and Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders, including the effect of such positions on Sunlight’s obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which may differ from the considerations of Sunlight or its other stockholders.
Sunlight is required to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement for certain tax benefits that it may claim, and the amounts of such payments could be significant.
In connection with the Business Combination, Sunlight entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement, which generally provides for the payment by Sunlight to the Agent, for disbursement to the TRA Holders on a pro rata basis, of 85% of the net cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax and franchise tax (computed using simplifying assumptions to address the impact of state and local taxes) that Sunlight actually realizes (or is deemed to realize in certain circumstances) in periods after the consummation of the Business Combination as a result of certain increases in tax basis available to Sunlight as a result of its acquisition of Sunlight Class EX Units (accompanied by a corresponding number of shares of Class C Common Stock) pursuant to an exercise of the Redemption Right or Spartan’s Call Right (each as defined in the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement) (including any increases in tax basis relating to prior transfers of such Sunlight Class EX Units that will be available to Sunlight as a result of its acquisition of such Sunlight Class EX Units), and certain benefits attributable to imputed interest. Sunlight will retain the benefit of the remainder of the actual net cash savings, if any.
The term of the Tax Receivable Agreement commenced upon the consummation of the Business Combination and will continue until all tax benefits that are subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement have been utilized or expired, unless Sunlight exercises its right to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement (or the Tax Receivable Agreement is terminated due to Sunlight’s breach of a material obligation thereunder or certain mergers or other changes of control), and Sunlight makes the termination payments as specified in the Tax Receivable Agreement. In addition, payments Sunlight makes under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be increased by any interest accrued from the due date (without extensions) of the corresponding tax return. In the event that the Tax Receivable Agreement is not terminated early, the payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are anticipated to commence following the first exercise of the Redemption Right following the consummation of the Business Combination and to continue for at least 15 years after the date of the last redemption of Sunlight Class EX Units.
We expect that the payments Sunlight is required to make under the Tax Receivable Agreement could be substantial. Estimating the amount and timing of Sunlight’s realization of tax benefits subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement is by its nature imprecise. The actual increases in tax basis covered by the Tax Receivable Agreement, as well as the amount and timing of Sunlight’s ability to use any deductions (or decreases in gain or increases in loss) arising from such increases in tax basis, are dependent upon significant
 
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future events, including but not limited to the timing of the redemptions of Sunlight Class EX Units, the price of the Class A Common Stock at the time of each redemption, the extent to which such redemptions are taxable transactions, the amount of the redeeming unitholder’s tax basis in its Sunlight Class EX Units at the time of the relevant redemption, the depreciation and amortization periods that apply to the increase in tax basis, the amount, character, and timing of taxable income Sunlight generates in the future, the U.S. federal income tax rate then applicable, and the portion of Sunlight’s payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that constitute imputed interest or give rise to depreciable or amortizable tax basis. For purposes of the Tax Receivable Agreement, net cash savings in tax generally will be calculated by comparing Sunlight’s actual tax liability (determined by using the actual applicable U.S. federal income tax rate and an assumed combined state and local income tax rate) to the amount Sunlight would have been required to pay had it not been able to utilize any of the tax benefits subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement. Thus, the amount and timing of any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are also dependent upon significant future events, including those noted above in respect of estimating the amount and timing of Sunlight’s realization of tax benefits. Any distributions made by Sunlight LLC to Sunlight in order to enable Sunlight to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, as well as any corresponding pro rata distributions made to the other holders of Sunlight Units, could have an adverse impact on Sunlight’s liquidity.
The payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will not be conditioned upon a TRA Holder having a continued ownership interest in Sunlight or Sunlight LLC. In addition, certain of the TRA Holders’ rights (including the right to receive payments) under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be transferable, subject to Sunlight’s consent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned, or delayed), at the option of such TRA Holder.
In certain cases, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be accelerated and/or significantly exceed the actual benefits, if any, Sunlight realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement.
If Sunlight experiences a Change of Control (as defined in the Tax Receivable Agreement) or the Tax Receivable Agreement terminates early (at Sunlight’s election or as a result of Sunlight’s material breach thereunder), Sunlight will be required to make a payment equal to the deemed present value of the anticipated future payments to be made by it under the Tax Receivable Agreement (determined by applying a discount rate equal to SOFR (as defined in the Tax Receivable Agreement) plus 100 basis points), and such early termination payment could be substantial, depending, among other things, on the timing of such early termination. The calculation of anticipated future payments would be based upon certain assumptions and deemed events set forth in the Tax Receivable Agreement, including (i) that Sunlight has sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the tax benefits covered by the Tax Receivable Agreement, and (ii) that any Sunlight Class EX Units outstanding on the termination date or Change of Control date, as applicable, are deemed to be redeemed on such date. In the case of termination at Sunlight’s election or as a result of Sunlight’s material breach, the termination payment would be due immediately. In the case of a Change of Control of Sunlight, Sunlight will have the option to make such early termination payment immediately upon such Change of Control or ratably over a two-year period following the Change of Control. In such situations, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be made significantly in advance of, and may materially exceed, the actual realization, if any, of the future tax benefits to which the early termination payment relates.
If Sunlight experiences a Change of Control or the Tax Receivable Agreement terminates early (at Sunlight’s election or as a result of Sunlight’s material breach thereunder), Sunlight’s obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement could have a material adverse effect on Sunlight’s liquidity and could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, or other forms of business combinations or changes of control, or reduce the consideration payable to holders of shares of Class A Common Stock. In the event that Sunlight’s obligation to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement is accelerated as a result of a Change of Control, where applicable, we generally expect the accelerated payments due under the Tax Receivable Agreement to be funded out of the proceeds of the Change of Control giving rise to such acceleration. However, Sunlight may be required to fund such payment from other sources, and as a result, any early termination of Sunlight’s obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement could have a substantial negative impact on our liquidity and may substantially reduce the consideration payable to holders of Sunlight’s Class A Common Stock in connection with a Change of Control. Sunlight
 
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does not currently expect to cause an acceleration due to breach, and does not currently expect that Sunlight would elect to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement early, except in cases where the early termination payment would not be material. There can be no assurance that Sunlight will be able to meet its obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement.
In the event that Sunlight’s payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement are accelerated upon by certain mergers, other forms of business combinations or other changes of control, the consideration payable to holders of Class A Common Stock could be substantially reduced.
If Sunlight experiences a Change of Control (as defined in the Tax Receivable Agreement), Sunlight would be obligated to make a payment immediately or ratably over the two-year period, at the option of Sunlight, following the Change of Control, and such payment or payments may be significantly in advance of, and may materially exceed, the actual realization, if any, of the future tax benefits to which the payment relates. As a result of Sunlight’s payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, holders of Class A Common Stock could receive substantially less consideration in connection with a Change of Control than they would receive in the absence of such obligation. Further, Sunlight’s payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement are not conditioned upon TRA Holders’ having a continued interest in Sunlight of Sunlight LLC. Accordingly, a TRA Holders’ interests may conflict with those of the holders of Class A Common Stock. Please read “— In certain cases, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be accelerated and/or significantly exceed the actual benefits, if any, Sunlight realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement.”
Sunlight will not be reimbursed for any payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement in the event that any tax benefits are subsequently disallowed.
Payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be based on the tax reporting positions that Sunlight will determine, and the IRS or another tax authority may challenge all or part of the tax basis increases upon which the payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are based, as well as other related tax positions Sunlight takes, and a court could sustain such challenge. The TRA Holders will not reimburse Sunlight for any payments previously made under the Tax Receivable Agreement if any tax benefits that have given rise to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are subsequently disallowed, except that excess payments made to any such TRA Holders will be netted against future payments that would otherwise be made to such TRA Holders, if any, after Sunlight’s determination of such excess (which determination may be made a number of years following the initial payment and after future payments have been made). As a result, in such circumstances, Sunlight could make payments that are greater than its actual cash tax savings, if any, and may not be able to recoup those payments, which could materially adversely affect its liquidity.
In certain circumstances, Sunlight LLC will be required to make tax distributions to holders of Sunlight Units, including Sunlight, and such tax distributions may be substantial. To the extent Sunlight receives tax distributions in excess of its actual tax liabilities and retains such excess cash, holders of Sunlight Class EX Units would benefit from such accumulated cash balances if they exercise their redemption right.
Pursuant to the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement, to the extent Sunlight LLC has available cash (taking into account Sunlight LLC’s borrowing capacity), Sunlight LLC will generally be required to make pro rata distributions (which we refer to as “tax distributions”), to all holders of Sunlight Units, including Sunlight, in an amount generally intended to allow holders of Sunlight Units, including Sunlight, to satisfy their respective income tax liabilities with respect to their allocable share of the income of Sunlight LLC, based on certain assumptions and conventions, provided that tax distributions will be made, except in limited circumstances, sufficient to allow Sunlight to satisfy its actual tax liabilities and obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The amount of such tax distributions will be determined based on certain assumptions, including an assumed individual income tax rate (unless the corporate tax rate is higher), and will be calculated after taking into account other distributions (including prior tax distributions) made by Sunlight LLC. Because tax distributions will be made pro rata based on ownership and due to, among other items, differences between the tax rates applicable to Sunlight and the assumed individual income tax rate used in the calculation and requirements under the applicable tax rules that Sunlight LLC’s net taxable income be allocated disproportionately to its unitholders in certain circumstances, tax distributions may
 
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significantly exceed the actual tax liability for many of the holders of Sunlight Units, including Sunlight. If Sunlight retains the excess cash it receives, the holders of Sunlight Class EX Units would benefit from any value attributable to such accumulated cash balances as a result of their exercise of the Redemption Right (as defined in the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement). However, Sunlight expects to take other steps to eliminate any material cash balances. In addition, the tax distributions Sunlight LLC will be required to make may be substantial and may exceed the tax liabilities that would be owed by a similarly situated corporate taxpayer. Funds used by Sunlight LLC to satisfy its tax distribution obligations will not be available for reinvestment in our business, except to the extent Sunlight uses the excess cash it receives to reinvest in Sunlight LLC for additional Sunlight Units. In addition, because cash available for additional tax distributions is determined by taking into account the ability of Sunlight LLC and any subsidiaries to incur additional borrowing, Sunlight LLC may be required to increase its indebtedness in order to fund additional tax distributions. Such additional borrowing may adversely affect Sunlight LLC’s financial condition and business operations by, without limitation, limiting Sunlight LLC’s ability to borrow in the future for other purposes, such as capital expenditures, and increasing Sunlight LLC’s interest expense and leverage ratios.
If Sunlight LLC were to become a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, Sunlight and Sunlight LLC might be subject to potentially significant tax inefficiencies, and Sunlight would not be able to recover payments previously made by it under the Tax Receivable Agreement even if the corresponding tax benefits were subsequently determined to have been unavailable due to such status.
Sunlight LLC intends to operate such that it does not become a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A “publicly traded partnership” is a partnership the interests of which are listed for trading on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof. Under certain circumstances, redemptions of Sunlight Class EX Units pursuant to the Redemption Right (or the Call Right) (each as defined in the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement) or other transfers of Sunlight Class EX Units could cause Sunlight LLC to be treated as a publicly traded partnership. Applicable U.S. Treasury regulations provide for certain safe harbors from treatment as a publicly traded partnership, and we intend to operate such that redemptions or other transfers of Sunlight Class EX Units qualify for one or more such safe harbors. For example, we have limited the number of unitholders of Sunlight LLC, and the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement provides for limitations on the ability of unitholders of Sunlight LLC to transfer their Sunlight Class EX Units and provides Sunlight, through its control of the sole managing member of Sunlight LLC, with the right to impose restrictions (in addition to those already in place) on the ability of unitholders of Sunlight LLC to redeem their Sunlight Class EX Units pursuant to the Redemption Right (as defined in the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement) to the extent Sunlight believes it is necessary to ensure that Sunlight LLC will continue to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
If Sunlight LLC were to become a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, significant tax inefficiencies might result for Sunlight and for Sunlight LLC, for example, if Sunlight is not able to file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return with Sunlight LLC. In addition, Sunlight may not be able to realize tax benefits covered under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and Sunlight would not be able to recover any payments previously made by it under the Tax Receivable Agreement, even if the corresponding tax benefits (including any claimed increase in the tax basis of Sunlight LLC’s assets) were subsequently determined to have been unavailable.
Increases in applicable tax rates, changes in applicable tax laws or disagreements with tax authorities can adversely affect Sunlight’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Sunlight has no material assets other than its indirect interest in Sunlight LLC, which holds, directly or indirectly, all of the operating assets of Sunlight’s business. Sunlight LLC generally is not subject to U.S. federal income tax. Sunlight is a U.S. corporation that is subject to U.S. corporate income tax on its worldwide operations, including its share of income of Sunlight LLC. Sunlight and Sunlight LLC are also subject to various U.S. federal, state and local taxes.
New U.S. laws and policy relating to taxes may have an adverse effect on Sunlight’s and Sunlight LLC’s business and future profitability. Further, existing U.S. tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be interpreted, changed, modified or applied adversely to Sunlight and Sunlight LLC. Increases in
 
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income tax rates or other changes in income tax laws in the United States or any particular jurisdiction in which Sunlight LLC operates or is otherwise subject to tax can reduce Sunlight’s after-tax income from such jurisdiction and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Existing tax laws in the United States have been and could in the future be subject to significant change. For example, in December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJ Act”), was signed into law in the United States, making significant changes to the Code. While Sunlight’s accounting for the recorded impact of the TCJ Act is deemed to be complete, these amounts are based on prevailing regulations and currently available information, and additional guidance issued by the IRS may continue to impact Sunlight’s recorded amounts in future periods. Further, President Joe Biden has set forth several tax proposals that would, if enacted, make significant changes to U.S. tax laws (including provisions enacted pursuant to the TCJ Act), including an increase in the U.S. income tax rate applicable to corporations from 21% to 28%. It is unclear whether these or similar changes will be enacted and, if enacted, how soon any such changes could take effect. Additional changes in the United States tax regime, including changes in how existing tax laws are interpreted or enforced, can adversely affect Sunlight’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Sunlight is subject to reviews, examinations and audits by the IRS and other taxing authorities with respect to income and non-income-based taxes. Economic and political pressures to increase tax revenues in jurisdictions in which Sunlight operates, or the adoption of new or reformed tax legislation or regulation, may make resolving tax disputes more difficult and the final resolution of tax audits and any related litigation can differ from Sunlight’s historical provisions and accruals, resulting in an adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
If exercised, the Sunlight Warrants and the Tech Capital Warrants, which are exercisable for our Class A Common Stock, will increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our stockholders.
As of July 30, 2021, there were 17,250,000 public warrants, 9,900,000 private placement warrants and the Tech Capital Warrants, exercisable for a total of 627,780 shares of Class A Common Stock, outstanding, collectively exercisable for a total of 27,777,780 shares of Class A Common Stock. The shares of our Class A Common Stock issued upon the exercise of such warrants will result in dilution to the then existing holders of Class A Common Stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Class A Common Stock.
The Sunlight Warrants are being accounted for as a warrant liability and are being recorded at fair value upon issuance with changes in fair value each period reported in earnings, which may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Class A Common Stock.
Under U.S. GAAP, we are required to evaluate the Sunlight Warrants to determine whether they should be accounted for as a warrant liability or as equity. We have concluded that the Sunlight Warrants contain provisions requiring liability classification. Therefore, as described in the financial statements of Spartan included herein, we are accounting for the Sunlight Warrants as a warrant liability and are recording that liability at fair value upon issuance. We will record any subsequent changes in fair value as of the end of each period for which earnings are reported. The impact of changes in fair value on earnings may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Class A Common Stock and may cause fluctuations in our results of operations based on factors that are outside of our control.
Risks Related to the Private Placement Warrants, Sunlight Warrants and Class C Common Stock (with Class EX Units)
We may amend the terms of the private placement warrants in a manner that may be adverse to holders of private placement warrants with the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding public warrants. As a result, the exercise price of your private placement warrants could be increased, the private placement warrant could be converted into cash or stock (at a ratio different than initially provided), the exercise period could be shortened and the number of shares of our Class A Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of a private placement warrant could be decreased, all without your approval.
Our private placement warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and us. The warrant agreement provides
 
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that the terms of the private placement warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision, but requires the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding public warrants to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the holders of private placement warrants. Accordingly, we may amend the terms of the private placement warrants in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding public warrants approve of such amendment. Although our ability to amend the terms of the private placement warrants with the consent of at least 50% of the then outstanding public warrants is unlimited, examples of such amendments could be amendments to, among other things, increase the exercise price of the private placement warrants, convert the private placement warrants into cash or stock (at a ratio different than initially provided), shorten the exercise period or decrease the number of shares of our Class A Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of a private placement warrant.
We may redeem your unexpired private placement warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to you, thereby making your warrants worthless.
Although none of the private placement warrants are redeemable by us so long as they are held by the Sponsor or its permitted transferees, the private placement warrants will become redeemable by us on terms set forth under the subsection “Description of Securities — Warrants — Private Placement Warrants” if they are sold by the Sponsor or its permitted transferees. If so redeemed by us, they may be redeemed at an inopportune time and at a price that does not reflect the value of the private placement warrants so redeemed.
If the Sunlight Warrants are exercised on a “cashless” basis, the holder will receive fewer shares of Class A Common Stock from such exercise than if the holder were to exercise such warrants for cash.
There are circumstances in which the exercise of the Sunlight Warrants may be required or permitted to be made on a cashless basis. First, if our shares of Class A Common Stock are at any time of any exercise of a Sunlight Warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that it satisfies the definition of a “covered security” under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act, we may, at our option, require holders of redeemable Sunlight Warrants who exercise their redeemable warrants to do so on a cashless basis in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act and, in the event we so elect, we will not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement, and in the event we do not so elect, we will use commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available. In such circumstances, each holder would exchange a number of Sunlight Warrants for a number of shares of Class A Common Stock equal to the number of warrants exchanged multiplied by the lesser of (A) the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of (i) the number of shares of our Class A Common Stock underlying such warrants, and (ii) the excess of the “fair market value” (defined below) over the exercise price of such warrants by (y) such fair market value and (B) the product of the number of warrants surrendered and 0.361 (subject to adjustment). The “fair market value” of our Class A Common Stock as used in this paragraph shall mean the average reported last sale price of our Class A Common Stock for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of Sunlight Warrants. Second, if we call our redeemable Sunlight Warrants for redemption for cash when the price per share of Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $10.00, holders who exercise their warrants will receive that number of shares set forth in the table as described under the subsection “Description of Securities — Warrants — Public Stockholders’ Warrants — Redemption of warrants when the price per share of Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $10.00.” As a result, the holder would receive fewer shares of Class A Common Stock from such exercise than if the holder were to exercise such warrants for cash.
We may redeem the unexpired public warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to the holder thereof, thereby making such warrants worthless.
We have the ability to redeem the outstanding public warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per warrant, provided that the last reported sales price of our Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we give proper notice of such redemption and provided certain other conditions are met.
 
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If and when the outstanding public warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. As a result, we may redeem the outstanding public warrants as set forth above even if the holders are otherwise unable to exercise the public warrants. Redemption of the outstanding public warrants could force the holder (i) to exercise its warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for such holder to do so, (ii) to sell its public warrants at the then-current market price when it might otherwise wish to hold its public warrants or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding public warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of the public warrants.
The Sunlight Warrants and Tech Capital Warrants will become exercisable for shares of Class A Common Stock, which would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our stockholders.
The Sunlight Warrants are exercisable for 27,150,000 shares of Class A Common Stock. The Tech Capital Warrants outstanding are exercisable for 627,780 shares of Class A Common Stock. The shares of our Class A Common Stock issued upon exercise of the Sunlight Warrants and the Tech Capital Warrants will result in dilution to the then existing holders of Class A Common Stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Class A Common Stock.
 
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USE OF PROCEEDS
We will receive proceeds equal to the aggregate exercise price from any exercise of the Sunlight Warrants or Tech Capital Warrants, assuming the exercise in full of all of such warrants for cash. We expect to use the net proceeds from the exercise of such warrants for general corporate purposes. We will have broad discretion over the use of proceeds from the exercise of such warrants. There is no assurance that the holders of such warrants will elect to exercise any or all of such warrants. To the extent that the Sunlight Warrants or Tech Capital Warrants are exercised on a “cashless basis,” the amount of cash we would receive from the exercise of such warrants will decrease.
We will also receive the proceeds from sales by us of the shares of Class A Common Stock in respect of certain withholdings for tax payments. We expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of such shares (i) first, to offset the cash payments made by us to satisfy the payment obligation related to the tax withholding and, (ii) if any such proceeds remain, for general corporate purposes.
All of the shares of Class A Common Stock and private placement warrants offered by the Selling Securityholders pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the Selling Securityholders for their account. We will not receive any of the proceeds from these sales.
The Selling Securityholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders in disposing of the securities. We will bear the costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the securities covered by this prospectus, including all registration and filing fees, listing fees and fees and expenses of our counsel and our independent registered public accounting firm.
 
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DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
The offering price of the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Sunlight Warrants offered hereby is determined by reference to the exercise price of the public warrants and private placement warrants of $11.50 per share and the Tech Capital Warrants, which have an exercise price of $7.715 per share. Our publicly-traded warrants are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SUNL WS.”
We cannot currently determine the price or prices at which shares of our Class A Common Stock or private placement warrants may be sold by the Selling Securityholders under this prospectus.
 
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MARKET INFORMATION FOR SECURITIES AND DIVIDEND POLICY
Market Information
Spartan’s units, Class A Common Stock and warrants were historically listed for trading on the NYSE under the symbols “SPRQ U”, “SPRQ” and “SPRQ WS”, respectively. On July 12, 2021, the Class A Common Stock and publicly-traded warrants began trading on the NYSE under the new trading symbols of “SUNL” and “SUNL WS”, respectively. Spartan’s units automatically separated into their component securities upon the Closing and, as a result, no longer trade as a separate security and have been delisted from the NYSE.
Prior to the Closing, there was no established public trading market for Sunlight’s member interests.
As of the Closing Date and following the completion of the Business Combination and the redemption of public shares described above, the Company had 84,837,655 (excludes 1,535,941 of shares held by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments) shares of Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding held of record by 122 holders, 47,595,455 shares of Class C Common Stock outstanding and held of record by 21 holders, 27,150,000 warrants outstanding held of record by 2 holders and no shares of preferred stock outstanding. The Tech Capital Warrants were also outstanding and exercisable for 627,780 shares of Class A Common Stock. Such amounts do not include DTC participants or beneficial owners holding shares through nominee names.
As of July 30, 2021, we had 84,837,655 (excludes 1,535,941 of shares held by Sunlight in respect of net withholding for tax payments) shares of Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding held of record by 122 holders, 47,595,455 shares of Class C Common Stock outstanding and held of record by 21 holders, 27,150,000 warrants outstanding held of record by 2 holders and no shares of preferred stock outstanding. The Tech Capital Warrants were also outstanding and exercisable for 627,780 shares of Class A Common Stock. Such amounts do not include DTC participants or beneficial owners holding shares through nominee names.
Dividends
Sunlight has not paid any cash dividends on its capital stock to date. Sunlight may retain future earnings, if any, for future operations, expansion and debt repayment and has no current plans to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of the Sunlight Board and will depend on, among other things, Sunlight’s results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors that the Sunlight Board may deem relevant. In addition, Sunlight’s ability to pay dividends is limited by covenants regarding its existing outstanding indebtedness.
Certain Indebtedness
Sunlight’s Prior Credit Facility
As of December 31, 2020, Sunlight maintained a $15.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). The interest rate on the Credit Facility was generally equal to the prime rate plus 0.75%, and the maturity date thereof was May 2021. Sunlight used borrowings from the Credit Facility for working capital.
Sunlight’s New Credit Facility
On April 26, 2021, Sunlight entered into a Loan and Security Agreement with SVB (as defined below). The Loan and Security Agreement, which replaces Sunlight’s prior $15.0 million Credit Facility, has a borrowing capacity of up to $30.0 million and matures on April 26, 2023. Borrowings under the Loan and Security Agreement accrue interest at a rate equal to the greater of (i) 5.0% and (ii) the prime rate plus 1.75% per annum. The Loan and Security Agreement contains certain financial covenants, including (i) liquidity in an amount equal to or greater than (a) 35% of all outstanding principal amounts of any advances and (b) $10.0 million; (ii) Available Takeout Commitment Amount (as defined therein) in an amount equal to or
 
55

 
greater than $200.0 million; and (iii) EBITDA of at least $5.0 million for the six month period ending on the last day of each month. The Loan and Security Agreement contains customary events of default. SVB could elect to accelerate the maturity of the loans and/or terminate the commitments under the Loan and Security Agreement upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an event of default, and Sunlight could be required to repay all amounts outstanding under the Loan and Security Agreement. In connection with the transition of accounts to SVB, Sunlight experienced a technical default that was waived informally by SVB via email. Sunlight expects to receive a formal waiver similarly addressing the technical default. Otherwise, no defaults or events of defaults have occurred as of the date of this filing.
Description of Registrant’s Securities
A description of our capital stock is in the section entitled “Description of Securities.”
 
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Introduction:
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33-10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.” The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information presents the pro forma effects of the acquisition of Sunlight LLC by Spartan consummated on July 9, 2021, resulting reorganization into an umbrella partnership C corporation structure (or “Up-C” structure), and other agreements entered into as part of the Business Combination Agreement.
Spartan was a blank check company incorporated in Delaware on August 17, 2020 (inception) for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. The registration statement for the IPO was declared effective on November 24, 2020. On November 30, 2020, Spartan consummated its IPO of 34,500,000 units, including the issuance of 4,500,000 units as a result of the underwriter’s exercise in full of its over-allotment option, at $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of approximately $345.0 million. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, Spartan consummated the private placement of 9,900,000 Spartan Warrants, at a price of $1.00 per Spartan Warrant to the Sponsor, generating proceeds of $9.9 million. Each Spartan Warrant was exercisable to purchase for $11.50 one share of Class A Common Stock. As of March 31, 2021, there was approximately $345.1 million held in the Trust Account.
Sunlight is a business-to-business-to-consumer, technology-enabled point-of-sale (POS) financing platform that provides residential solar and home improvement contractors the ability to offer seamless POS financing to their customers when purchasing residential solar systems or other home improvements. The resulting loans are funded by Sunlight’s network of capital providers who, by partnering with Sunlight, gain access to a difficult-to-reach loan market, best-in-class consumer credit underwriting and attractive risk adjusted returns. These loans are facilitated by Sunlight’s proprietary technology platform, Orange®, through which Sunlight offers instant credit decisions to homeowners nationwide at the POS on behalf of Sunlight’s various capital providers. Since Sunlight LLC’s founding in 2014, Sunlight has facilitated over $4.0 billion of loans through the Sunlight Platform in partnership with over 1,200 contractor relationships.
The organizational structure following the completion of the Business Combination, as described herein, is an “Up-C” structure. This organizational structure allows the Unblocked Sunlight Unitholders and holders of any Sunlight LLC Warrants (see the diagram in Note 2, collectively, the “Flow-Through Sellers”) to retain equity ownership in Sunlight LLC, an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the form of Class EX Units. Each Class EX Unit, together with one share of Class C Common Stock, will be redeemable, subject to certain conditions, for either one share of Class A Common Stock, or at Sunlight LLC’s election, an amount of cash approximately equivalent to the market value of one share of Class A Common Stock, pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement. The public stockholders of Spartan continue to hold Class A Common Stock of Spartan, which, upon consummation of the Business Combination, was renamed to Sunlight Financial Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2021 assumes that the Business Combination occurred on March 31, 2021. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020 present the pro forma effect of the Business Combination as if they had been completed on January 1, 2020.
We refer to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet and the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations as the “pro forma financial information.”
The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of what the Sunlight balance sheet or statement of operations actually would have been had the Business Combination been completed as of the dates indicated, nor do they purport to project the future financial position or operating results of the combined company. The actual financial position and results of operations may differ significantly from the pro forma amounts reflected herein due to a variety of factors. The pro forma financial information is
 
57

 
presented for illustrative purposes only and does not reflect the costs of any integration activities or cost savings or synergies that may be achieved as a result of the Business Combination.
The following summarizes the pro forma ownership of the issued and outstanding Class A Common Stock of Sunlight following the Business Combination:
Shares in thousands
Shares
%
Existing direct and indirect Sunlight owners’ interest in Spartan1
38,373 44.6%
Spartan public stockholders
15,273 17.8%
Sponsor and related parties
7,437 8.6%
Third party PIPE investors
25,000 29.0%
Total Class A Common Stock
86,083 100.0%
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information was prepared using the acquisition method of accounting under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”) on the basis of Spartan as the accounting acquirer and Sunlight LLC as the accounting acquiree. The ultimate determination of the accounting acquirer is a qualitative and quantitative assessment that requires careful consideration. Spartan has been determined to be the accounting acquirer based on evaluation of the following factors:

Sunlight LLC is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). Spartan Sub is the sole managing member and primary beneficiary who has full and complete charge of all affairs of Sunlight LLC, and the existing non-managing member stockholders of Sunlight do not have substantive participating or kick out rights; and

No single party controls Sunlight LLC pre and post transaction, hence, the Business Combination is not considered a common control transaction.
1
This excludes the impact of shares of Class A Common Stock that were subject to vesting as of the Closing, which will be accounted for as post Business Combination compensation expenses, but includes Class A Common Shares issued to satisfy one of the Sellers’ tax withholdings requirements in connection with the Business Combination. This also excludes the Flow-Through Sellers’ noncontrolling economic interest in Class EX Units, which is redeemable (together with a corresponding number of shares of voting, non-economic Class C Common Stock) for Class A Common Stock on a 1-for-1 basis or cash, pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Sunlight A&R LLC Agreement. The table below presents the Class EX Units and noncontrolling interest percentage in Sunlight LLC, excluding the impact of Class EX Units that were subject to vesting as of the Closing, which will be accounted for as post Business Combination compensation expenses:
Units in thousands
Units
% of
Sunlight
Flow-Through Seller’s Class EX Units and noncontrolling interest percentage in Sunlight LLC
46,936 35.3%
The factors discussed above support the conclusion that Spartan acquired a controlling financial interest in Sunlight LLC and is the accounting acquirer. Spartan is the primary beneficiary of Sunlight LLC, which is a VIE, since it has the power to direct the activities of Sunlight LLC that most significantly impact Sunlight LLC’s economic performance through its control of Spartan Sub, which is the sole managing member of Sunlight LLC, and Spartan’s variable interests in Sunlight LLC include ownership of Sunlight LLC, which resulted in the right (and obligation) to receive benefits (and absorb losses) of Sunlight LLC that could potentially be significant to Sunlight LLC. Therefore, the Business Combination is accounted for using the acquisition method. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the purchase price is allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed of Sunlight LLC, based on their estimated acquisition-date fair values. Transaction costs are expensed as if the Business Combination was consummated on January 1, 2020.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2021 and the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31,
 
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2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020 are based on the historical financial statements (as restated) of Spartan and historical financial statements of Sunlight LLC. The unaudited transaction accounting adjustments are based on information currently available, and assumptions and estimates underlying the unaudited transaction accounting adjustments are described in the accompanying notes. Actual results may differ materially from the assumptions used to present the accompanying unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.
The assumptions and estimates underlying the unaudited adjustments to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is described in the accompanying notes, which should be read in conjunction with, the following:

Spartan’s audited financial statements (as restated) and related notes as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Sunlight LLC’s unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2021 included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Sunlight’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this prospectus.
 
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED
COMBINED BALANCE SHEET
AS OF MARCH 31, 2021
($ in thousands, except share amounts)2
Spartan Historical
Sunlight
Historical
Transaction
Accounting
Adjustments
Note
Pro Forma
Combined
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 278 $ 51,235 $ 152,782
3a
$ 97,715
250,000
3b
(310,977)
3c
(17,418)
3d
(8,184)
3e
(15,756)
3e
(3,587)
3e
(658)
3f
Restricted cash
4,081 4,081
Prepaid expenses
1,625 1,625
Advances (net of allowance for credit
losses)
32,529 32,529
Investments held in Trust
Account
345,079 (345,079)
3a
Financing receivables (net of allowance for credit losses)
5,065 807
3g
5,872
Property and equipment, net
5,625 (4,462)
3g
1,163
Due from affiliates
1,839 (1,839)
3f
Intangible assets, net
407,600
3g
407,600
Goodwill
705,247
3g
705,247
Other assets
4,418 4,418
Total assets
$ 346,982
$
104,792
$ 808,476 $ 1,260,250
Liabilities and Stockholder’s Equity
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
$ 5,343 $ 16,353 $ (8,930)
3d, 3e
12,766
Funding commitments
16,470 16,470
Debt
14,625
14,625
Accrued income taxes
2
2
Franchise tax payable
71
71
Distributions payable
765 (765)
3f
Deferred tax liability
43,479
3g
43,479
Due to affiliates
1,732 (1,732)
3f
Deferred underwriting
commissions
12,075 (12,075)
3d
Warrants, at fair value
52,456 8,257 (8,257)
3h
52,456
Other liabilities
1,306 1,039
3i
2,345
Total liabilities
69,947 59,508 12,759 142,214
2
Refer to Note 3 for more information on the adjustments to the Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet
 
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Spartan Historical
Sunlight
Historical
Transaction
Accounting
Adjustments
Note
Pro Forma
Combined
Temporary Equity
Class A Common Stock
272,034
(272,034)
3j
Preferred class A-3 unit members’ capital
319,772 (319,772)
3k
Preferred class A-2 unit members’ capital
196,340 (196,340)
3k
Preferred class A-1-unit members’ capital
257,301 (257,301)
3k
Common unit members’ capital
59,836 (59,836)
3k
Stockholder’s Equity
Preferred stock
Class A Common Stock
1
8
3a, 3b, 3j, 3l, 3m
9
Class B Common Stock
1 (1)
3m
Class C Common Stock
5
3l
5
Additional paid- in capital
38,062 1,450 (192,295)
3a
715,256
249,998
3b
(310,977)
3c
(15,756)
3e
1,065,713
3g
8,257
3h
(1,039)
3i
272,031
3j
833,249
3k
(9)
3l
(789,415)
3n
(444,013)
3o
Accumulated deficit
(33,063) (789,415) 781,231
3e, 3n
(41,247)
Total stockholder’s equity
5,001 (787,965) 1,456,987 674,023
Noncontrolling interest
444,013
3o
444,013
Total equity
5,001 (787,965) 1,901,000 1,118,036
Total liabilities and stockholder’s equity
$ 346,982 $ 104,792 $ 808,476 $ 1,260,250
 
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS
ENDED MARCH 31, 2021
($ in thousands, except per share amounts)3
Spartan
Historical
Sunlight
Historical
Transaction
Accounting
Adjustments
Note
Pro Forma
Combined
Revenues
$ $ 24,787 $ $ 24,787
Costs and expenses
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)
4,854 4,854
Compensation and benefits
8,012 8,012
Selling, general, and Administrative
5,077 1,916 6,993
Property and technology
1,208 1,208
Depreciation and amortization
809 7,418
4a
8,227
Franchise tax expense
49 49
Provision for losses
736 736
Management fees to affiliate
100 100
Total operating expense
5,126 17,635 7,418 30,179
Operating income (loss)
(5,126) 7,152 (7,418) (5,392)
Interest income
141 (38)
4b
103
Interest expense
(255) (255)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities
(10,173) (2,614) 2,614
4c
(10,173)
Change in fair value of contract derivative, net
(856) (856)
Interest income from investments held in Trust Account
69 (69)
4d
Realized gains on contract derivative, net
2,267 2,267
Other realized losses, net
Other income (expense)
412
412
Business combination Expenses
(3,587) 3,587
4e
Income (loss) before income Taxes
(15,230) 2,660 (1,324) (13,894)
Income tax expense (benefit)
2 (3,255)
4f
(3,253)
Net income (loss)
(15,232) 2,660 1,931 (10,641)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(3,093)
4g
(3,093)
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders
$ (15,232) $ 2,660 $ 5,024 $ (7,548)
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted:
Weighted average shares outstanding of Class A Common Stock – basic and Diluted
34,500 n/a 86,083
Net loss per share, Class A Common Stock – basic and
Diluted
$ n/a $ (0.09)
Weighted average shares outstanding of Class B Common Stock – basic and Diluted
8,625 n/a
Net income per share, Class B Common Stock – basic
and Diluted
$ (1.77) n/a
3
Refer to Note 4 for more information on the adjustments to the Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations
 
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020
($ in thousands, except per share amounts)4
Spartan
Historical (As
Restated)
Sunlight
Historical
Transaction
Accounting
Adjustments
Note
Pro Forma
Combined
Revenues
$ $ 69,564 $ $ 69,564
Costs and expenses
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)
13,711 13,711
Compensation and benefits
26,174 26,174
Selling, general, and Administrative
688 3,806 4,494
Property and technology
4,304 4,304
Depreciation and amortization
3,231 72,660
4a
75,891
Franchise tax expense
22 22
Provision for losses
1,350 1,350
Management fees to affiliate
400 400
Total operating expense
710 52,976 72,660 126,346
Operating income (loss)
(710)
16,588
(72,660)
(56,782)
Interest income
520 (152)
4b
368
Interest expense
(829) (829)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities
(16,169) (5,510) 5,510
4c
(16,169)
Transaction costs — derivative warrant liabilities
(963) (963)
Change in fair value of contract derivative, net
1,435 1,435
Net gain from investments held in Trust Account
10 (10)
4d
Realized gains on contract derivative, net
103 103
Other realized losses, net
(171) (171)
Other income (expense)
(634) (634)
Business combination Expenses
(878) (11,771)
4e
(12,649)
Income (loss) before income Taxes
(17,832) 10,624 (79,083) (86,291)
Income tax expense (benefit)
(15,506)
4f