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Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets
A summary of the changes in projected benefit obligations (“PBO”) and plan assets is presented below:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Beginning PBO $1,322,874 $— 
Service cost 451,075 143,467 
Interest cost5,056 — 
Contributions by plan participants138,243 64,954 
Actuarial (gain) / losses (374,317)174,012 
Transfers (in) / out(204,695)931,257 
Foreign currency exchange rates changes(16,267)9,184 
Ending PBO$1,321,969 $1,322,874 
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Beginning fair value of plan assets$1,083,014 $— 
Actual return on plan assets15,522 5,835 
Return on plan assets above expected return(115,877)— 
Contributions by the employer138,243 73,448 
Contributions by plan participants138,243 64,954 
Transfers (in) / out(204,695)931,257 
Foreign currency exchange rates changes(14,687)7,520 
Ending fair value of plan assets$1,039,763 $1,083,014 
Schedule of Defined Benefit Plans Disclosures Amounts recorded on the consolidated balance sheet:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Fair value of plan assets$1,039,763 $1,083,014 
Present value of projected benefit obligation(1,321,969)(1,322,874)
Funded status$(282,206)$(239,860)
Schedule of Defined Benefit Plan Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Amounts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive (income) / loss:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Actuarial (gain) / loss - beginning of period$168,177 $— 
Actuarial (gain) / loss of current year / period(268,076)168,177 
Amortization(1,817)— 
Total$(101,716)$168,177 
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions
The assumptions used to calculate the ASC 715 liabilities are summarized in the table below:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Discount rate2.20 %p.a.0.40 %p.a.
Expected return on plan assets3.80 %p.a.1.50 %p.a.
Inflation1.80 %p.a.1.10 %p.a.
Long-term expected rate of salary increase2.30 %p.a.1.60 %p.a.
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Allocation
The allocation of plan assets is presented below:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Equities34.11 %35.13 %
Bonds28.89 %30.89 %
Mortgages3.86 %3.83 %
Liquidity2.41 %2.90 %
Real estate27.17 %24.37 %
Alternative investments3.40 %2.88 %
Infrastructure0.16 %— %