Warrant Liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Warrant Liabilities [Abstract]

Warrant Liabilities

Note 6 — Warrant Liabilities

Public Warrants

There were 12,562,500 Public Warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2021, including Public Warrants underlying Public Units and Public Subunits. The Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one Class A ordinary share at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed herein. In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional Class A ordinary shares or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of the Initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.20 per ordinary share (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Company and in the case of any such issuance to the Sponsor or their affiliates, without taking into account any Founder Shares held by the initial holders or such affiliates, as applicable, prior to such issuance) (the “Newly Issued Price”), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 50% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of the Initial Business Combination on the date of the completion of the Initial Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume-weighted average trading price of the subunits or Class A ordinary shares, as the case may be, during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company completes the Initial Business Combination (such price, the “Market Value”) is below $9.20 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price, and the $18.00 per share redemption trigger price described adjacent to “Redemption of warrants when the price per Class A ordinary share equals or exceeds $18.00” will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 180% of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price.

The warrants will become exercisable 30 days after the completion of the Initial Business Combination, and will expire five years after the completion of the Company’s Initial Business Combination, at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

Redemption of Public Warrants When the Class A Ordinary Share Equals or Exceeds $18.00

Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants:

● in whole and not in part;

● at a price of $0.01 per warrant;

● upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption (the “30-day redemption period”); and

● if, and only if, the last sale price of the Class A ordinary share equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for share sub-divisions, share capitalizations, rights issuances, subdivisions, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders.

The Company will not redeem the warrants unless a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants is effective and a current prospectus relating to those ordinary shares is available throughout the 30-day redemption period, except if the warrants may be exercised on a cashless basis and such cashless exercise is exempt from registration under the Securities Act. If and when the warrants become redeemable by the Company, the Company may not exercise its redemption right if the issuance of shares upon exercise of the warrants is not exempt from registration or qualification under applicable state blue sky laws or the Company is unable to effect such registration or qualification. The Company will use its best efforts to register or qualify such shares under the blue-sky laws of the state of residence in those states in which the warrants were offered by the Company in the IPO.

If the Company calls the warrants for redemption as described above, the management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise warrants to do so on a “cashless basis.” In determining whether to require all holders to exercise their warrants on a “cashless basis,” the management will consider, among other factors, the Company’s cash position, the number of warrants that are outstanding and the dilutive effect on the shareholders of issuing the maximum number of Class A ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of the warrants. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrants for that number of Class A ordinary shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Class A ordinary shares underlying the warrants, multiplied by the excess of the “fair market value” (defined below) over the warrant price of the warrants by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” will mean the average closing price of the Class A ordinary shares for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants.

Private Warrants

There were 523,125 Private Warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2021, including Private Warrants underlying Private Units. Except as described below, the Private Warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the Public Warrants.

The Private Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of the Company’s Initial Business Combination (except pursuant to limited exceptions as described under “Principal Shareholders — Transfers of Founder Shares and Placement Units” in the final prospectus filed by the Company with the SEC on April 12, 2021) and they will not be redeemable by the Company so long as they are held by the Sponsor, I-Bankers, their designees, or their permitted transferees. The Sponsor, I-Bankers, their designees, or their permitted transferees has the option to exercise the Private Warrants on a cashless basis. If the Private Warrants are held by holders other than the Sponsor, I-Bankers, their designees, or their permitted transferees, the Private Warrants will be redeemable by the Company in all redemption scenarios and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.

If holders of the Private Warrants elect to exercise them on a cashless basis, the holders would pay the exercise price by surrendering his, her or its warrants for that number of Class A ordinary shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Class A ordinary shares underlying the warrants, multiplied by the excess of the “historical fair market value” (defined below) over the exercise price of the warrants by (y) the historical fair market value. The “historical fair market value” will mean the average reported closing price of the Class A ordinary shares for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of warrant exercise is sent to the holders of warrants.

The warrant agreement contains an Alternative Issuance provision that if less than 70% of the consideration receivable by the holders of the Class A ordinary shares in the Business Combination is payable in the form of shares in the successor entity that is listed for trading on a national securities exchange or is quoted in an established over-the-counter market, or is to be so listed for trading or quoted immediately following the Business Combination, and if the holders properly exercises the warrants within thirty days following the public disclosure of the consummation of the Business Combination by the Company, the warrant price shall be reduced by an amount equal to the difference of (i) the warrant price in effect prior to such reduction minus (ii) (A) the Per Share Consideration (as defined below) (but in no event less than zero) minus (B) the Black-Scholes Warrant Value (as defined below). The “Black-Scholes Warrant Value” means the value of a warrant immediately prior to the consummation of the Business Combination based on the Black-Scholes Warrant Model for a Capped American Call on Bloomberg Financial Markets (assuming zero dividends) (“Bloomberg”). “Per Share Consideration” means (i) if the consideration paid to holders of the Class A ordinary shares consists exclusively of cash, the amount of such cash per Class A ordinary share, and (ii) in all other cases, the volume weighted average price of the Class A ordinary shares as reported during the ten-trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the effective date of the Business Combination. The warrant agreement also contains a Tender Offer provision which provides that in the event of a tender or exchange offer made to and accepted by holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s ordinary share, all holders of the warrants (both the Public Warrants and Private Warrants) would be entitled to receive cash for their warrants. 

The Company accounted for the 13,085,625 warrants issued in connection with the IPO and Private Placement in accordance with the guidance contained in FASB ASC 815-40. Such guidance provides that, because the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment thereunder, each warrant must be recorded as a liability.

The accounting treatment of derivative financial instruments requires that the Company recorded a derivative liability upon the closing of the IPO. The warrants were allocated a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the Units equal to its fair value determined by the Monte Carlo simulation. The Company will reassess the classification at each balance sheet date. If the classification changes as a result of events during the period, the warrants will be reclassified as of the date of the event that causes the reclassification. The fair value of the liabilities will be re-measured at the end of every reporting period and the change in fair value will be reported in the statement of operations as a gain or loss on derivative financial instruments.

Initial Measurement

The estimated fair value of the Public Warrants and Private Warrants is determined using Level 3 inputs. Inherent in a Monte-Carlo simulation model are assumptions related to expected stock-price volatility (pre-merger and post-merger), expected term, dividend yield and risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the volatility of its ordinary shares based on management’s understanding of the volatility associated with instruments of other similar entities. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury Constant Maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the warrants. The expected life of the warrants is simulated based on management assumptions regarding the timing and likelihood of completing a business combination. The dividend rate is based on the historical rate, which the Company anticipates to remain at zero. The assumptions used in calculating the estimated fair values at the end of the reporting period represent the Company’s best estimate. However, inherent uncertainties are involved. If factors or assumptions change, the estimated fair values could be materially different.

The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model for the Public Warrants and Private Warrants were as follows at April 13, 2021:

Inputs	Public Warrant			Private Warrant
Exercise price	$	11.50		$	11.50
Stock price	$	9.02		$	9.02
Volatility		14% pre- merger / 24.4% post- merger			14% pre- merger /24.4% post- merger
Expected term of the warrants		5.85 years			5.85 years
Risk-free rate		1.07	%		1.07	%
Dividend yield		0			0

Subsequent Measurement

The fair value of the Public Warrants at December 31, 2021 is classified as Level 1 due to the use of an observable market quote in an active market. As of December 31, 2021, the aggregate value of Public Warrants was $6,061,407.

The estimated fair value of the Private Warrants on December 31, 2021 is determined using Level 3 inputs. Inherent in a Monte-Carlo simulation model are assumptions related to expected stock-price volatility (pre-merger and post-merger), expected term, dividend yield and risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the volatility of its ordinary shares based on management’s understanding of the volatility associated with instruments of other similar entities. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury Constant Maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the warrants. The expected life of the warrants is simulated based on management assumptions regarding the timing and likelihood of completing a business combination. The dividend rate is based on the historical rate, which the Company anticipates to remain at zero. The assumptions used in calculating the estimated fair values at the end of the reporting period represent the Company’s best estimate. However, inherent uncertainties are involved. If factors or assumptions change, the estimated fair values could be materially different.

The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model for the Private Warrants were as follows at December 31, 2021:

Inputs	Private Warrant
Exercise price	$	11.50
Stock price	$	9.88
Volatility		14% pre-merger / 9.2% post-merger
Expected term of the warrants		5.25 years
Risk-free rate		1.28	%
Dividend yield		0

The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Level 3 warrant liability for the year ended December 31, 2021. The fair value of Public Warrants was a level 3 measurement upon their initial issuance at the IPO but transferred to a level 1 measurement on May 10, 2021 when the Public Warrants underlying the Public Units were allowed to be separated from the Public Subunits and began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market:

	Warrant Liability
Fair value as of December 31, 2020	$	-
Initial fair value of warrant liability upon issuance at IPO and over-allotment		16,962,761
Transfer of Public Warrants out of level 3 to level 1		(6,909,375	)
Change in fair value		(9,794,530	)
Fair value as of December 31, 2021	$	258,856