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Segment and Geographic Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment and Geographic Information Segment and Geographic Information
ASC Topic 280 Segment Reporting establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The CODM is the Chief Executive Officer of the Company.

The Company works with engineering, procurement, and construction firms, to design a solar array to achieve the projects desired power output. The Company provides the solar tracking system components, which include standard and nonstandard parts. The Company delivers the fully functioning tracker systems for the project sites and provides commissioning services. Although the solar array may use different components and technology depending on the geography and type of system, the Company conducts its operations in the United States and internationally, primarily in Spain and Brazil and is expanding into other international markets through STI Operations.

The Company has two separate operating segments, Array Legacy Operations and STI Operations, which are also reportable segments. Array Legacy Operations consists primarily of amounts earned from the design and delivery of solar arrays in the United States, and STI Operations consists primarily of amounts earned from the design and delivery of solar arrays outside of the United States. APA is a component of the Array Legacy Operations reportable segment.

The Company’s CODM assesses the performance of each operating segment by using gross profit. This measure is also predominantly used in the annual budget and forecasting process. The CODM primarily uses the annual operating plan and the monthly financial results for Array Legacy Operations and STI Operations when making decisions about the allocation of operating and capital resources to each segment.
The following tables summarize the financial results by segment during the periods presented (in thousands):
Year ended December 31, 2025
Array Legacy Operations
STI Operations
Consolidated
Segment revenue
$1,070,478 $213,663 $1,284,141 
Less:
Product cost(1)
704,429 177,833 882,262 
Inventory valuation charge— 29,516 29,516 
Amortization of developed technology and backlog
17,520 — 17,520 
Depreciation
3,569 — 3,569 
Other costs(2)
44,968 7,753 52,721 
Gross profit
$299,992 $(1,439)$298,553 
Total operating expenses
— — (327,548)
Total other expense, net
— — (222)
Loss before income taxes
$(29,217)
Segment assets
1,235,937 215,855 1,451,792 
Capital expenditures
21,077 895 21,972 
Depreciation and amortization
35,846 11,442 47,288 
Interest income
10,912 940 11,852 
Interest expense
24,996 2,335 27,331 
Year ended December 31, 2024
Array Legacy Operations
STI Operations
Consolidated
Segment revenue
$661,629 $254,178 $915,807 
Less:
Product cost(1)
353,034 225,517 578,551 
Amortization of developed technology and backlog
14,558 — 14,558 
Depreciation
2,045 90 2,135 
Other costs(2)
21,961 925 22,886 
Gross profit
$270,031 $27,646 $297,677 
Total operating expenses
— — (524,682)
Total other expense, net
— — (23,571)
Loss before income taxes
$(250,576)
Segment assets
1,018,487 407,512 1,425,999 
Capital expenditures
6,423 882 7,305 
Depreciation and amortization
27,303 25,476 52,779 
Interest income
12,767 4,010 16,777 
Interest expense
32,516 2,309 34,825 
Year ended December 31, 2023
Array Legacy Operations
STI Operations
Consolidated
Segment revenue
$1,172,827 $403,724 $1,576,551 
Less:
Product cost(1)
805,174 305,778 1,110,952 
Amortization of developed technology and backlog
14,558 — 14,558 
Depreciation(3)
1,348 — 1,348 
Other costs(2)(3)
34,142 — 34,142 
Gross profit
$317,605 $97,946 $415,551 
Total operating expenses
— — (201,427)
Total other expense, net
— — (36,967)
Income before income taxes
$177,157 
Segment assets
868,697 838,044 1,706,741 
Capital expenditures
15,748 1,241 16,989 
Depreciation and amortization
26,840 27,986 54,826 
Interest income
3,985 4,345 8,330 
Interest expense
40,982 3,247 44,229 

(1) Includes 45X benefits realized in the amount of $173.6 million, $137.8 million, and $9.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
(2) Other is primarily comprised of outbound freight and certain overhead costs. Outbound freight for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 for Array Legacy Operations was $43.8 million, $21.6 million, and $33.5 million, respectively.
(3) Depreciation and Other for STI Operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 is immaterial and included within Product cost.
The following table presents revenues by geographic region, based on the customers project location (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
202520242023
U.S.$1,041,372 $643,481 $1,166,160 
Spain141,047 83,742 99,160 
Brazil60,716 135,102 257,872 
Australia23,779 8,708 20,842 
Remainder17,227 44,774 32,517 
Total revenue$1,284,141 $915,807 $1,576,551 

The following table presents property, plant and equipment, net by geographic region at the end of the period (in thousands):
December 31,
20252024
U.S.$51,452 $20,058 
Spain3,129 2,967 
Brazil156 13 
Australia384 471 
Remainder3,104 2,713 
Total property, plant and equipment, net$58,225 $26,222