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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Description of Business
Proterra Inc (“Proterra”), formerly known as ArcLight Clean Transition Corp. (“ArcLight”), is a leading developer and producer of electric vehicle technology for commercial applications. Proterra designs, develops, manufactures, and sells electric transit buses as an original equipment manufacturer for North American public transit agencies, airports, universities, and other commercial transit fleets. It also designs, develops, manufactures, sells, and integrates proprietary battery systems and electrification solutions for global commercial vehicle manufacturers. Additionally, Proterra provides fleet-scale, high-power charging solutions for its customers.
Legacy Proterra (as defined below) was originally formed in June 2004 as a Colorado limited liability company and converted to a Delaware corporation in February 2010. Proterra operates from its headquarters and battery production facility in Burlingame, California. Proterra also has manufacturing and product development facilities in Greenville and Greer, South Carolina and City of Industry, California.
On June 11, 2021, ArcLight filed a notice of deregistration with the Cayman Islands Registrar of Companies, and filed a certificate of incorporation and a certificate of corporate domestication with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, under which ArcLight was domesticated and continued as a Delaware corporation. On June 14, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), ArcLight consummated a merger with Phoenix Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of ArcLight (“Phoenix Merger Sub”), and Proterra Inc, a Delaware corporation (“Legacy Proterra”), with Legacy Proterra surviving as the surviving company and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of ArcLight (the “Merger” and, collectively with the other transactions described in the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), the “Business Combination”). In connection with the Business Combination, Legacy Proterra changed its name to “Proterra Operating Company, Inc.” and ArcLight changed its name to “Proterra Inc”.
The Merger was accounted for as a reverse merger and a recapitalization with Legacy Proterra being the accounting acquirer. Accordingly, all historical financial information presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Proterra represents the accounts of Legacy Proterra and its wholly owned subsidiaries as if Legacy Proterra is the predecessor to Proterra. The shares and net loss per common share, prior to the Merger, have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the Merger (0.8925 shares of Legacy Proterra common stock for 1 share of Proterra common stock) (the “Exchange Ratio”). Unless otherwise specified or unless the context otherwise requires, references in these notes to the “Company,” ”we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Legacy Proterra prior to the Business Combination and to Proterra following the Business Combination.
Prior to the closing of the Business Combination (the “Closing”), ArcLight’s Class A ordinary shares and public warrants were listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols “ACTC” and “ACTCW,” respectively. Proterra’s common stock is currently listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “PTRA”. See Note 3 “Reverse Recapitalization” for further details of the Merger. The Company’s public warrants were previously listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “PTRAW.” On October 29, 2021, the Company redeemed its remaining outstanding public warrants at a redemption price of $0.10 per public warrant.
The Company has incurred net losses and negative cash flows from operations since inception. As of March 31, 2022, the Company has an accumulated deficit of $908.3 million. The Company has $598.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments as of March 31, 2022. The Company has funded operations primarily through a combination of equity and debt financing. Management believes that the Company’s currently available resources will be sufficient to fund its cash requirements for at least the next twelve months. However, there can be no assurance that future financings will be successfully completed or completed on terms acceptable to the Company. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis of Presentation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021 and the related notes incorporated by referenced in the Company’s Annual Report (the “Annual Report”) on Form 10-K, filed with SEC on March 14, 2022, which provides a more complete discussion of the Company’s accounting policies and certain other information. The information as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 was derived from the Company’s audited financial statements. The condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2022 and the results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022.
Use of Estimates
In preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, the Company must make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates.
Significant Accounting Policies
There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies described in the Annual Report.
The Company has not experienced any significant impact to estimates or assumptions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, our financial results have been impacted by ongoing constraints and inefficiencies in production largely driven by shortages of component parts and shipment delays, and workforce absences due to illness or quarantines during the pandemic experienced by us or our suppliers. The Company will continue to monitor impacts of the pandemic on an ongoing basis. While the COVID-19 pandemic has not had a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations to date, the future impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operational and financial performance will depend on certain developments, including the duration of the pandemic and spread of COVID-19 (including the variant strains of the virus), the impact on the Company’s customers and the effect on the Company’s suppliers, all of which are uncertain and cannot be predicted.
Segments
The Company operates in the United States and has sales to the European Union, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, Japan and Turkey. Revenue disaggregated by geography, based on the addresses of our customers, consists of the following (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
United States$51,967 $52,569 
Rest of World6,614 1,437 
$58,581 $54,006 
The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), who reviews financial information presented at the entity level. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it has a single reportable segment.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company determines the allowance for credit losses based on historical write-off experience, an analysis of the aging of outstanding receivables, customer payment patterns and expectations of changes in macroeconomic conditions that may affect the collectability of outstanding receivables. The allowance for credit losses was not material as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Credit Risk and Concentration
The Company’s financial instruments that are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are maintained primarily at one financial institution as of March 31, 2022, and deposits exceed federally insured limits. Risks associated with cash and cash equivalents, and short-term investments are mitigated by banking with creditworthy financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents or its short-term investments.
Cash equivalents and short-term investments consist of short-term money market funds, corporate debt securities, and debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, which are deposited with reputable financial institutions. The Company’s cash management and investment policy limits investment instruments to securities with short-term credit ratings at the timing of purchase of P-2 and A-2 or better from Moody’s Investors Service and Standard & Poor’s Financial Services, LLC, respectively, with the objective to preserve capital and to maintain liquidity until the funds can be used in business operations.
Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and are generally derived from revenue earned from transit agencies, universities and airports in North America and global commercial vehicle manufacturers in North America, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Australia, Japan and Turkey. The Company periodically evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable and provides an allowance for potential credit losses as necessary. 
Given the large order value for customers and the relatively low number of customers, revenue and accounts receivable have typically been concentrated with a limited number of customers.
RevenueAccounts Receivable
Three Months Ended March 31, March 31,December 31,
2022202120222021
Number of customers accounted for 10% or more*2331
__________________
*Two customers accounted for 23% and 17%, respectively, of the Company's revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. No individual customer accounted for more than 20% of the Company’s revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021, or accounts receivable as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Single source suppliers provide the Company with a number of components that are required for manufacturing of its current products. In other instances, although there may be multiple suppliers available, many of the components are purchased from a single source. If these single source suppliers fail to meet the Company’s requirements on a timely basis at competitive prices, the Company could suffer manufacturing delays, a possible loss of revenue, or incur higher cost of sales, any of which could adversely impact the Company’s operating results.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates the recoverability of property, plant, and equipment and right-of-use assets for possible impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If such review indicates that the carrying amount of long-lived assets is not recoverable, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value.
In addition to the recoverability assessment, the Company periodically reviews the remaining estimated useful lives of property, plant, and equipment. If the estimated useful life assumption for any asset is reduced, the remaining net book value is depreciated over the revised estimated useful life.
The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment at the lowest level for which separate cash flows can be identified. No impairment charge was recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue consists of billings or payments received in advance of revenue recognition that are recognized as revenue once the revenue recognition criteria are met. In some instances, progress billings are issued upon meeting certain milestones stated in the contracts. Accordingly, the deferred revenue balance does not represent the total contract value of non-cancelable arrangements. Invoices are typically due within 30 to 40 days.
The changes in deferred revenue consisted of the following (in thousands):
Deferred revenue as of December 31, 2021
$36,406 
Revenue recognized from beginning balance during the three months ended March 31, 2022
(6,021)
Deferred revenue added during the three months ended March 31, 2022
4,358 
Deferred revenue as of March 31, 2022
$34,743 
The current portion of deferred revenue represents the amount that is expected to be recognized as revenue within one year from the balance sheet date.
Revenue Recognition
The Company derives revenue primarily from the sale of vehicles and charging systems, the installation of charging systems, the sale of battery systems and powertrain components to other vehicle manufacturers, as well
as the sale of spare parts and other services provided to customers. Product revenue consists of revenue earned from vehicles and charging systems, battery systems and powertrain components, installation of charging systems, and revenue from leased vehicles, charging systems, and batteries under operating leases. Leasing revenue recognized over time was approximately $0.3 million and $0.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Parts and other service revenue includes revenue earned from spare parts, the design and development of battery systems and powertrain systems for other vehicle manufacturers, and extended warranties.
The Company recognizes revenue when or as it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a product or service to a customer.
Revenue from product sales is recognized when control of the underlying performance obligations is transferred to the customer. Revenue from vehicles and charging systems, and installation of charging systems is typically recognized upon acceptance by the customer. Under certain contract arrangements, the control of the performance obligations related to the charging systems is transferred over time, and the associated revenue is recognized over the installation period using an input measure based on costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs to completion. Spare parts revenue is recognized upon shipment. Extended warranty revenue is recognized over the life of the extended warranty using the time elapsed method. Development service contracts typically include the delivery of prototype products to customers. The performance obligation associated with the development of prototype products as well as battery systems and powertrain components to other vehicle manufacturers, is satisfied at a point in time, typically upon shipping.
Revenue derived from performance obligations satisfied over time from charging systems and installation was $2.1 million and $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Extended warranty revenue was $0.4 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the contract assets balance was $2.8 million and $1.3 million, respectively. The contract assets are expected to be billed within the next twelve months and are recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the balance sheets.
As of March 31, 2022, the amount of remaining performance obligations that have not been recognized as revenue was $426.6 million, of which 63% were expected to be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder thereafter. This amount excludes the value of remaining performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.
Our business is organized into two business units with three business lines, each of which addresses a critical component of the commercial vehicle electrification value proposition in a complementary and self-reinforcing manner:
•Proterra Transit designs, develops, manufactures, and sells electric transit buses as an original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) for North American public transit agencies, airports, universities, and other commercial transit fleets.
•Proterra Powered & Energy includes Proterra Powered, which designs, develops, manufactures, sells, and integrates proprietary battery systems and electrification solutions into vehicles for global commercial vehicle OEMs, and Proterra Energy, which provides turnkey fleet-scale, high-power charging solutions and software services, ranging from fleet and energy management software-as-a-service, to fleet planning, hardware, infrastructure, installation, utility engagement, and charging optimization.
The revenue of business units are as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Proterra Transit$35,381 $42,204 
Proterra Powered & Energy23,200 11,802 
Total$58,581 $54,006 
Product Warranties
Warranty expense is recorded as a component of cost of goods sold. Accrued warranty activity consisted of the following (in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Warranty reserve - beginning of period$23,274 
Warranty costs incurred(2,715)
Net changes in liability for pre-existing warranties, including expirations(691)
Provision for warranty2,813 
Warranty reserve - end of period$22,681