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Leases
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
The Company leases real estate for office space under operating leases. Management considers a lease to have commenced on the date when the Company is granted access to the leased asset.
Certain of the Company's real estate leasing agreements include terms requiring it to reimburse the lessor for the Company's share of real estate taxes, insurance, operating costs and utilities which the Company accounts for as variable lease costs when incurred since the Company has elected to not separate lease and non-lease components, and hence are not included in the measurement of lease liability. There are no restrictions or covenants imposed by any of the leases, and none of the Company's leases contain material residual value guarantees.
The discount rates for all of the Company's leases are based on its estimated incremental borrowing rate since the rates implicit in the leases were not determinable. The Company's incremental borrowing rate is based on Bakkt management’s estimate of the rate of interest the Company would have to pay to borrow on a fully collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.
The Company has elected the practical expedient under which lease components are not be separated from the non-lease components for all classes of underlying assets. Accordingly, each lease component and the non-lease components related to the lease component are accounted for as a single lease component.
In December 2024, the Company signed a Lease Assignment and Assumption Agreement (the “Lease Assignment”) for its New York office lease, whereby a third-party agreed to assume all the Company’s rights, title and interest in and to the lease, including but not limited to the performance by the third-party of all of the Company’s duties and obligations under the lease. The Lease Assignment was contingent upon the landlord’s consent. In January 2025, the Company signed an Assignment and Assumption of Lease with Landlord’s Consent for the New York office lease, which provided the landlord’s consent to the Lease Assignment. The Company is jointly and severally liable with the third-party assignee for the obligations under the New York office lease. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2025 the Company recognized income of approximately $1.8 million related to the Lease Assignment, net of approximately $0.9 million paid to the third-party assignee under the Lease Assignment, all of which is recognized in Other (expense) income, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
On December 21, 2023, the Company signed an agreement to sublease a portion of its then corporate headquarters office space in Alpharetta, Georgia. The sublease commenced in March 2024. As of September 30, 2025, the Company does not have any active finance leases. Several of these leases include escalation clauses for adjusting rentals.
The Company's real estate lease has a remaining lease term as of September 30, 2025 of 84 months. The Company's real estate lease does not contain an option to terminate the lease without cause at the option of either party during the lease term.
As of September 30, 2025, the weighted average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases was approximately 84 months, and the weighted average discount rate was 5.0%. As of December 31, 2024, the weighted average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases was approximately 85 months, and the weighted average discount rate was 5.0%. The Company was party to short-term leases during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, which resulted in less than $0.1 million of rent expense, for all periods.
Leases Leases
The Company leases real estate for office space under operating leases. Management considers a lease to have commenced on the date when the Company is granted access to the leased asset.
Certain of the Company's real estate leasing agreements include terms requiring it to reimburse the lessor for the Company's share of real estate taxes, insurance, operating costs and utilities which the Company accounts for as variable lease costs when incurred since the Company has elected to not separate lease and non-lease components, and hence are not included in the measurement of lease liability. There are no restrictions or covenants imposed by any of the leases, and none of the Company's leases contain material residual value guarantees.
The discount rates for all of the Company's leases are based on its estimated incremental borrowing rate since the rates implicit in the leases were not determinable. The Company's incremental borrowing rate is based on Bakkt management’s estimate of the rate of interest the Company would have to pay to borrow on a fully collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.
The Company has elected the practical expedient under which lease components are not be separated from the non-lease components for all classes of underlying assets. Accordingly, each lease component and the non-lease components related to the lease component are accounted for as a single lease component.
In December 2024, the Company signed a Lease Assignment and Assumption Agreement (the “Lease Assignment”) for its New York office lease, whereby a third-party agreed to assume all the Company’s rights, title and interest in and to the lease, including but not limited to the performance by the third-party of all of the Company’s duties and obligations under the lease. The Lease Assignment was contingent upon the landlord’s consent. In January 2025, the Company signed an Assignment and Assumption of Lease with Landlord’s Consent for the New York office lease, which provided the landlord’s consent to the Lease Assignment. The Company is jointly and severally liable with the third-party assignee for the obligations under the New York office lease. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2025 the Company recognized income of approximately $1.8 million related to the Lease Assignment, net of approximately $0.9 million paid to the third-party assignee under the Lease Assignment, all of which is recognized in Other (expense) income, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
On December 21, 2023, the Company signed an agreement to sublease a portion of its then corporate headquarters office space in Alpharetta, Georgia. The sublease commenced in March 2024. As of September 30, 2025, the Company does not have any active finance leases. Several of these leases include escalation clauses for adjusting rentals.
The Company's real estate lease has a remaining lease term as of September 30, 2025 of 84 months. The Company's real estate lease does not contain an option to terminate the lease without cause at the option of either party during the lease term.
As of September 30, 2025, the weighted average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases was approximately 84 months, and the weighted average discount rate was 5.0%. As of December 31, 2024, the weighted average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases was approximately 85 months, and the weighted average discount rate was 5.0%. The Company was party to short-term leases during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, which resulted in less than $0.1 million of rent expense, for all periods.