Fair Value of Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Note 6. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value estimates of financial instruments are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant information about financial markets and specific financial instruments. As these estimates are subjective in nature, involving uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, they cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions can significantly affect estimated fair value.

The Company measures fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. The Company utilizes a three-tier hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

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Level 1: Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that an entity has the ability to access.

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Level 2: Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

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Level 3: Valuations based on inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximates their fair values due to the short-term or on demand nature of these instruments. At December 31, 2023, the Company’s investment portfolio included available-for-sale securities which were comprised of money market funds, U.S. treasury bills and commercial paper. At December 31, 2022, the Company’s investment portfolio included trading securities, which were comprised of fixed income mutual funds and money market funds. The majority of the Company’s cash equivalents and short-term investments consist of instruments classified as Level 1. However, the Company has commercial paper that is classified as Level 2 due to the fact that the fair value for these instruments is determined utilizing observable inputs in similar assets or identical assets in non-active markets. There were no transfers between fair value measurement levels during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Warrants are recorded as Warrant liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented as Change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

The Public Warrants and Private Warrants were carried at fair value as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Public Warrants were valued using Level 1 inputs as they are traded in an active market. The Private Warrants were valued using a binomial lattice model, which results in a Level 3 fair value measurement. The primary unobservable input utilized in determining the fair value of the Private Warrants was the expected volatility of the Company’s Class A common stock. The expected volatility was based on consideration of the implied volatility from the Company’s own public warrant pricing and on the historical volatility observed at guideline public companies. As of December 31, 2023, the significant assumptions used in preparing the binomial lattice model for valuing the Private Warrants liability include (i) volatility of 92.1%, (ii) risk-free interest rate of 4.10%, (iii) strike price of $11.50, (iv) fair value of common stock of $2.01, and (v) expected life of 2.4 years. As of December 31, 2022, the significant assumptions used in preparing the binomial lattice model for valuing the Private Warrants liability include (i) volatility of 75.1%, (ii) risk-free interest rate of 4.10%, (iii) strike price of $11.50, (iv) fair value of common stock of $1.83, and (v) expected life of 3.4 years.

The following tables set forth the Company’s fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	50,226	$	-	$	-	$	50,226
U.S. Treasury securities		59,654		-		-		59,654
Commercial paper		-		19,436		-		19,436
Marketable securities:
U.S. Treasury securities		82,640		-		-		82,640
Commercial paper		-		41,236		-		41,236
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis	$	192,520	$	60,672	$	-	$	253,192

Liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	1,227	$	-	$	-	$	1,227
Private Warrants		-		-		47		47
Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis	$	1,227	$	-	$	47	$	1,274

	December 31, 2022
Financial Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	83,079	$	-	$	-	$	83,079
Marketable securities		266,990		-		-		266,990
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis	$	350,069	$	-	$	-	$	350,069

Liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	958	$	-	$	-	$	958
Private Warrants		-		-		38		38
Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis	$	958	$	-	$	38	$	996

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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