Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration No. 333-259733

SPIRE GLOBAL, INC.

61,883,713 Shares of Class A Common Stock

6,600,000 Warrants to Purchase Class A Common Stock

18,099,992 Shares of Class A Common Stock Underlying Warrants

This prospectus relates to the resale of (i) 24,500,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share issued in the PIPE Investment by certain of the selling securityholders, (ii) 35,306,951 shares of Class A common stock issued to certain securityholders in connection with the Business Combination, (iii) 2,076,762 shares of Class A common stock issuable to certain securityholders pursuant to the Earnout, and (iv) 6,600,000 warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock originally issued in connection with our initial public offering (“private placement warrants”). This prospectus also relates to the issuance by us of up to 18,099,992 shares of Class A common stock that are issuable by us upon the exercise of the private placement warrants and the exercise of 11,499,992 warrants that were previously registered (“public warrants”).

We are registering the offer and sale of these securities to satisfy certain registration rights we have granted. The selling securityholders may sell the securities described in this prospectus in a number of different ways and at varying prices. We will not receive any of the proceeds from such sales, but we will receive the proceeds from the exercise of the warrants. The selling securityholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by them in disposing of these securities. We will bear all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of these securities, as described in more detail in the section titled “Use of Proceeds” appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. We provide more information about how the selling securityholders may sell their securities in the section titled “Plan of Distribution” appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

The selling securityholders may sell any, all or none of the securities and we do not know when or in what amount the selling securityholders may sell their securities hereunder following the effective date of this registration statement.

Our Class A common stock is traded on NYSE under the symbol “SPIR.” Our public warrants are traded on the NYSE under the symbol “SPIR.WT” and, after resale, our private placement warrants will also trade under the same ticker symbol as the public warrants. On September 17, 2021, the last quoted sale price for our Class A common stock as reported on NYSE was $13.71 and the last reported sale price of our public warrants was $1.74.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined under the federal securities laws, and, as such, may elect to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for future filings.

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before buying any securities, you should carefully read the discussion of the risks of investing in our securities in the section titled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 10 of this prospectus.

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or amendment hereto. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information.

Neither the Securities Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is September 30, 2021.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS	1
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA	2
TRADEMARKS	2
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	3
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY	5
RISK FACTORS	10
USE OF PROCEEDS	64
MARKET PRICE AND DIVIDEND INFORMATION	65
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION	66
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	84
BUSINESS	110
MANAGEMENT	127
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION	133
PRINCIPAL SECURITYHOLDERS	150
SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS	152
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS	157
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES	162
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS	174
SECURITIES ACT RESTRICTIONS ON RESALE OF OUR SECURITIES	181
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION	186
LEGAL MATTERS	188
EXPERTS	188
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION	188
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	F-1

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, any supplement to this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Neither we nor the selling securityholders have authorized anyone to provide you with additional information or information different from that contained in this prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. Neither we nor the selling securityholders are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, our securities only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of our securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

For investors outside the United States: neither we nor the selling securityholders, have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of our securities and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.

To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission before the date of this prospectus, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus. If any statement in a document incorporated by reference is inconsistent with a statement in another document incorporated by reference having a later date, the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-1 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) using the “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, the selling securityholders hereunder may, from time to time, sell the securities offered by them as described in the section titled “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by such selling securityholders of the securities offered by them described in this prospectus. This prospectus also relates to the issuance by us of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of any warrants. We will receive proceeds from any exercise of the warrants for cash.

Neither we nor the selling securityholders have authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectuses prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. Neither we nor the selling securityholders take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. Neither we nor the selling securityholders will make an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

We may also provide a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement to add information to, or update or change information contained in, this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement together with the additional information to which we refer you in the section of this prospectus titled “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms “Spire,” “New Spire,” the “Company,” the “Registrant,” “we,” “us” and “our” in this prospectus refer to Spire Global, Inc., the parent entity formerly named NavSight Holdings, Inc., after giving effect to the Business Combination, and as renamed Spire Global, Inc., and where appropriate, our wholly-owned subsidiaries (including Old Spire).

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MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA

We obtained the industry and market data used throughout this prospectus from our own internal estimates and research, as well as from independent market research, industry and general publications and surveys, governmental agencies, publicly available information and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Internal estimates are derived from publicly available information released by industry analysts and third-party sources, our internal research and our industry experience, and are based on assumptions made by us based on such data and our knowledge of our industry and market, which we believe to be reasonable. In some cases, we do not expressly refer to the sources from which this data is derived. In addition, while we believe the industry and market data included in this prospectus is reliable and based on reasonable assumptions, such data involve material risks and other uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties or by us.

TRADEMARKS

This document contains references to trademarks and service marks belonging to other entities. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ^® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that the applicable licensor will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, its rights to these trademarks and trade names. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names, trademarks or service marks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of it by, any other companies.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements generally relate to future events or our future financial or operating performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “would,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans, or intentions.

These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. As a result of a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties, our actual results or performance may be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Some factors that could cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, the following:

• the expected benefits of the Business Combination and our future performance;

• changes in our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects, and plans;

• the implementation, market acceptance, and success of our business model;

• the ability to develop new offerings, services, and features and bring them to market in a timely manner and make enhancements to our business;

• the quality and effectiveness of our technology and our ability to accurately and effectively use data and engage in predictive analytics;

• overall level of consumer demand for our products and offerings;

• expectations and timing related to product launches;

• expectations of achieving and maintaining profitability;

• projections of total addressable markets, market opportunity, and market share;

• our ability to acquire data sets, software, equipment, satellite components, and regulatory approvals from third parties;

• our ability to expand our products and offerings internationally;

• our ability to acquire new businesses or pursue strategic transactions;

• our ability to protect patents, trademarks, and other intellectual property rights;

• our ability to utilize potential net operating loss carryforwards;

• developments and projections relating to our competitors and industries, such as the projected growth in demand for space-based data;

• our ability to acquire new customers or obtain renewals, upgrades, or expansions from our existing customers;

• our ability to compete with existing and new competitors in existing and new markets and offerings;

• our ability to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and to remedy identified material weaknesses;

• the conversion or planned repayment of our debt obligations;

• our future capital requirements and sources and uses of cash;

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• our ability to obtain funding for our operations;

• our business, expansion plans, and opportunities;

• our expectations regarding regulatory approvals and authorizations;

• the expectations regarding the effects of existing and developing laws and regulations, including with respect to regulations around satellites, intellectual property law, and privacy and data protection;

• global and domestic economic conditions, including currency exchange rates, and their impact on demand and pricing for our offerings in affected markets; and

• the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, or a similar public health threat, on global capital and financial markets, general economic conditions in the United States, and our business and operations.

We caution you that the foregoing list may not contain all of the forward-looking statements made in this prospectus. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly evolving environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. We cannot assure you that the results, events, and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

Neither we, the selling securityholders, nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. Moreover, the forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this prospectus to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may make.

In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information that is presented in greater detail elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider in making your investment decision. You should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the sections titled “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Overview

We are a global provider of space-based data and analytics that offers unique datasets and powerful insights about Earth from the ultimate vantage point—space—so organizations can make decisions with confidence, accuracy, and speed. We use a growing multi-purpose satellite constellation to source hard to acquire, valuable data and enrich it with predictive solutions. We then provide this data as a subscription to organizations around the world so they can improve business operations, decrease their environmental footprint, deploy resources for growth and competitive advantage, and mitigate risk. We give commercial and government organizations the competitive advantage they seek to innovate and solve some of the world’s toughest problems with insights from space.

We collect this space-based data through our proprietary constellation of 120 Low Earth Multi-Use Receiver (“LEMUR”) nanosatellites, to deliver proprietary data, insights and predictive analytics to customers as a subscription. In June 2021, our fully deployed satellite constellation covered the earth over 200 times per day on average and our global ground station network performed over 2,100 contacts each day on average, reliably and resiliently collecting data with low latency. Our cloud-based data infrastructure processed over six terabytes of data each day on average in June 2021, in creating our proprietary data analytics solutions. We deliver these solutions through an Application Programming Interface (“API”) infrastructure that delivers approximately two terabytes of data each day to our customers. The global data we collect includes data that can only be captured from space with no terrestrial alternatives. We collect this data once and are able to sell it an unlimited number of times across a broad and growing set of industries, including aviation and maritime, with global coverage and near real-time data that can be easily integrated into customer business operations.

The market for our services has benefited from the significant and growing demand for space-based data, driven by rapidly growing adoption of data and analytics into everyday business operations. Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (“AI”), Machine Learning (“ML”) and big data analytics are making it easier to utilize such technologies to solve some of the world’s most complex business challenges. The number of use cases and business models leveraging space-based data, insights and analytics is growing rapidly across an increasing number of industries. Customers use our data for tracking vessels and flights around the globe, optimizing fuel efficiency, monitoring illegal activities, analyzing commodity trading, ensuring regulatory compliance, protecting physical assets from adverse weather events and optimizing crop yields, among many other applications. Our bottom-up analysis of the data and analytics markets for maritime, aviation, weather, and space services suggests that the total addressable market for our space-based data and analytics offerings is expected to grow from $66 billion in 2021 to $91 billion by 2025. We estimated the size of our addressable markets for our products by first identifying use cases for our products within the maritime, aviation, weather, and space services markets. We then estimated the size of each use case using government and market data and supplemented and corroborated such data by interviewing industry experts. For each market, we then added up the estimated size of the identified use cases to calculate that market’s addressable market. In addition, we believe the long-term market opportunity for weather forecasting today is a fraction of what it will be in the future. Based on data from an American Meteorological Society report, we estimate that weather variability creates approximately $3 trillion of economic loss per year, which is expected to grow more than 60% by 2050 as a result of climate change.¹ As

¹  Lazo, Jeffrey K., et al. “U.S. Economic Sensitivity to Weather Variability.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol. 92, no. 6, 2011.

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of June 30, 2021, we had 202 ARR Solution Customers, which included Chevron Corporation, the U.S. Air Force, NASA, the European Space Agency (“ESA”), Flightradar24 AB, and VesselBot Ship Chartering Ltd. For the definition of ARR Solution Customers, see the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

From our founding in 2012, we have set out to help inspire, lead, and innovate the business of space-based data. Today, our proprietary data and solutions are being used to help customers solve some of Earth’s greatest challenges from tracking vessels around the globe, to climate change adaptation. With over eight years of development, 202 ARR Solution Customers, and over $190 million of capital invested to date from strategic partners and investors, we are a key partner to commercial and government organizations seeking to solve some of the world’s toughest problems with insights from space. We believe we are well positioned to capture the growing need for space-based data.

Corporate Information

We were incorporated in May 2020 as a Delaware corporation and a special purpose acquisition company under the name NavSight Holdings, Inc. On September 9, 2020, NavSight Holdings, Inc. completed its initial public offering. On August 16, 2021, NavSight Holdings, Inc. consummated the Business Combination with Spire Global, Inc. pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement. In connection with the Business Combination Agreement, NavSight Holdings, Inc. changed its name to Spire Global, Inc.

Our principal executive office is located at 8000 Towers Crescent Drive, Suite 1225, Vienna, Virginia 22182, and our telephone number is (202) 301-5127. Information contained on our website or connected thereto does not constitute part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or the registration statement of which it forms a part.

Channels for Disclosure of Information

Investors, the media, and others should note that we announce material information to the public through filings with the SEC, the investor relations page on our website, press releases, public conference calls, and webcasts.

The information disclosed by the foregoing channels could be deemed to be material information. As such, we encourage investors, the media, and others to follow the channels listed above and to review the information disclosed through such channels.

Any updates to the list of disclosure channels through which we will announce information will be posted on the investor relations page on our website.

Emerging Growth Company

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”), and may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Further, section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a

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Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with certain other public companies difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of: (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the closing of our initial public offering, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common equity that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700,000,000 as of the end of the prior fiscal year’s second fiscal quarter; and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities during the prior three-year period. References herein to “emerging growth company” shall have the meaning associated with it in the JOBS Act.

Smaller Reporting Company

We are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which (i) the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $250 million as of the prior June 30, or (ii) our annual revenues exceeded $100 million during such completed fiscal year and the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30.

Recent Developments

On September 13, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement with exactEarth Ltd., a leading provider of global maritime vessel data for ship tracking and maritime situational awareness solutions in Canada (“exactEarth”), and Spire Global Canada Acquisition Corp., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Spire Global, Inc. in the providence of British Columbia, Canada, pursuant to which we will acquire exactEarth for an estimated purchase price of approximately $161.2 million, consisting of (i) $103.4 million in cash on hand, and (ii) $57.8 million of shares of our Class A common stock (or approximately 5,234,857 shares), in each case upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the definitive agreement. The proposed acquisition (the “Proposed Acquisition”) is subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of certain regulatory approvals; the approval of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice (Commercial List); the approval by not less than two-thirds of the votes cast at a special meeting of exactEarth shareholders, which is expected to take place in November 2021; no material adverse effect having occurred in respect of either us or exactEarth; and dissent rights not having been exercised with respect to more than 10% of exactEarth’s outstanding common shares. The Proposed Acquisition is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 or the first quarter of 2022.

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THE OFFERING

Issuer Spire Global, Inc. (formerly known as NavSight Holdings, Inc.)

Issuance of Class A common stock

Shares of Class A common stock offered by us 18,099,992 shares, consisting of:

• 6,600,000 shares that are issuable by us upon the exercise of the private placement warrants; and

• 11,499,992 shares that are issuable by us upon the exercise of the public warrants

Shares of Class A common stock
outstanding prior to the exercise of all
warrants 133,742,535 shares (as of August 20, 2021)

Exercise price of warrants $11.50 per share

Use of Proceeds We will receive up to an aggregate of approximately $132.2 million from the exercise of the public warrants, assuming the exercise in full of all of the warrants for cash. Unless we inform you otherwise in a prospectus supplement, we intend to use any net proceeds from the exercise of the warrants for general corporate purposes, which may include acquisitions and other business opportunities, capital expenditures and working capital. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Resale of Class A common stock and
private placement warrants

Shares of Class A common stock offered by
the selling securityholders 61,883,713 shares, consisting of:

• 24,500,000 shares issued in connection with the PIPE Investment;

• 35,306,951 shares issued to certain securityholders in connection with the Business Combination; and

• 2,076,762 issuable to certain securityholders pursuant to the Earnout.

Warrants offered by the securityholders 6,600,000 private placement warrants

Terms of the offering The selling securityholders will determine when and how they will dispose of the shares of Class A common stock and warrants registered under this prospectus for resale.

Use of proceeds We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Class A common stock or private placement warrants by the selling securityholders.

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Risk Factors See the section titled “Risk Factors” and other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of factors that you should consider carefully before deciding to invest in our common stock.

Market for Class A common stock and warrants “SPIR”

Lock-Up Restrictions Our Class A common stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol “SPIR.” Our public warrants are quoted on the NYSE under the symbol “SPIR.WT” and, after resale, the private placement warrants will also trade under the same ticker symbol as the public warrants Certain of our stockholders are subject to certain restrictions on transfer until the termination of applicable lock-up periods. See the section titled “Securities Act Restrictions on Resale of our Securities—Lock-Up Restrictions” for further discussion.

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the risk and uncertainties described under the section titled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” you should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes, before deciding to invest in our securities. If any of the following events occur, our business, financial condition, and results of operation may be materially adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our securities could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business or results of operations.

Summary Risk Factors

• Our revenue growth rate and financial performance in recent periods may not be indicative of future performance.

• We have a history of net losses and may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future.

• Our results of operations vary and are unpredictable from period to period, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

• The global COVID-19 pandemic has harmed and could continue to harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• Satellites use highly complex technology and operate in the harsh environment of space and therefore are subject to significant operational risks, including exposure to space debris and other spacecraft, while in orbit.

• Our contracts with government entities are subject to a number of uncertainties.

• Our satellites and platform could fail to perform or perform at reduced levels of service because of technological malfunctions, satellite failures or deficiencies, or other performance failures, which would seriously harm our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• Satellites are subject to construction and launch delays, launch failures, damage or destruction during launch, the occurrence of which can materially and adversely affect our operations.

• We face intense competition and could face pricing pressure from, and lose market share to, our competitors, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• Rapid and significant technological changes in the satellite industry or the introduction of a new service solution to the market that reduces or eliminates our service performance advantage may harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• We may fail to cost-effectively acquire new customers or obtain renewals, upgrades, or expansions from our existing customers, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• The markets for our offerings are evolving, and our future success depends on the growth of these markets and our ability to adapt, keep pace, and respond effectively to evolving markets.

• We rely on third parties for our supply of certain of our data, equipment, satellite components software, and operational services to manage and operate our business, and any failure or interruption with these third parties could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• We manufacture our satellites in-house at a single manufacturing facility in the United Kingdom. Any impairment to our manufacturing facility could cause us to incur additional costs and delays in the production and launch of our satellites which would materially affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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• We are dependent on third parties to launch our satellites into space, and any launch delay, malfunction, or failure could have a material adverse impact to our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• We incorporate technology and terrestrial data sets from third parties into our platform, and our inability to maintain rights and access to such technology and data sets would harm our business and results of operations.

• The rapidly evolving framework of privacy, data protection, data transfers, or other laws or regulations worldwide may limit the use and adoption of our services and adversely affect our business.

• We rely on Amazon Web Services to deliver our platform to our customers, and any disruption of, or interference with, our use of Amazon Web Services could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• Our business is subject to a wide range of laws and regulations, many of which are evolving, and failure to comply with such laws and regulations could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• Our ability to obtain or maintain licensing authorization for our platform is subject to government rules and processes which can cause delays or failures in obtaining authorizations requested. Further, regulators may adopt new rules and regulations which could impose new requirements impacting our business, financial condition, and results of operations. If we do not maintain regulatory authorizations for our existing satellites, associated ground facilities and terminals, services we provide, or obtain authorizations for our future satellites, associated ground facilities and terminals, and services we provide, we may not be able to operate our existing satellites or expand our operations.

• We are subject to domestic and international governmental export and import controls that would impair our ability to compete in international markets or subject us to liability if we are not in compliance with applicable laws or if we do not secure or maintain the required export authorizations.

• We identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If we are unable to remediate these material weaknesses, or if we identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, it may result in material misstatements of our consolidated financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our periodic reporting obligations, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• We have substantial indebtedness under our credit facility and our obligations thereunder may limit our operational flexibility or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition.

• The dual class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with the Founders, which will limit an investor’s ability to influence the outcome of important transactions, including a change in control. Additionally, two of the Founders, Peter Platzer and Theresa Condor, are husband and wife, which may further concentrate the influence of the Founders and further limit an investor’s ability to influence the company.

Risks Related to Our Industry and Business

Our revenue growth rate and financial performance in recent periods may not be indicative of future performance.

We have grown over recent periods, and therefore our revenue growth rate and financial performance should not be considered indicative of our future performance. For example, our revenue was $18.8 million and $14.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $28.5 million and $18.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. In addition, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, our revenue and other results of operations have been negatively impacted. The circumstances that have impacted the growth of our business stemming from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may continue in the future, and

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the growth rates in revenue may decline in future periods. You should not rely on our revenue for any previous quarterly or annual period as any indication of our revenue or revenue growth in future periods. As we grows our business, we expect our revenue growth rates to decline compared to prior fiscal years due to a number of reasons, which may include more challenging comparisons to prior periods as our revenue grows, slowing demand for our platform, increasing competition, a decrease in the growth of our overall market or market saturation, and our failure to capitalize on growth opportunities.

We may fail to effectively manage our growth, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are a rapidly growing company, and our future growth depends, in part, on our ability to manage our growth successfully. For example, the number of Annual Recurring Revenue (“ARR”) Customers was 187 as of June 30, 2021, increased from 111 as of June 30, 2020, and 144 as of December 31, 2020, increased from 82 as of December 31, 2019. To effectively manage this growth, we will need to continue to improve and expand our operating and administrative systems, financial infrastructure, financial controls, technological operations infrastructure, and our internal IT systems, which we may not be able to do efficiently in a timely manner, or at all. To do so, we may seek to deploy products and services from third-party providers, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, and may not perform to our expectations. For the definition of ARR and ARR Customers, see the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Business Metrics.”

Our ability to manage our growth will also depend in large part upon a number of other factors, including our ability to rapidly attract and retain qualified technical personnel in order to continue to develop reliable and flexible solutions and services that respond to evolving customer needs and improve and expand our sales team to keep customers informed regarding the key selling points and features of our platform. We must also successfully implement our sales and marketing strategy and respond to competitive developments.

Any future growth would add complexity to our organization and require effective coordination across our organization. Because our operations are geographically diverse and increasingly complex, our personnel resources and infrastructure could become strained, and our reputation in the market and our ability to successfully manage and grow our business may be adversely affected. The complex nature of our Space Services business and the expansion of our platform, services, and customer base have placed increased demands on our management and operations, and further growth, if any, may place additional strains on our resources in the future. If we are unable to effectively manage our growth, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

We have a history of net losses and may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future.

We have incurred net losses since our inception, and we expect to continue to incur net losses in the near future. We incurred net losses of $46.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and $14.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. We incurred net losses of $32.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and $32.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. We expect our operating expenses to increase significantly over the next several years, as we continue to hire additional personnel, particularly in sales and marketing and research and development, expand our operations and infrastructure, both domestically and internationally, and continue to develop our platform’s features. These efforts may be more costly than we may expect and may not result in increased revenue or growth in our business. In addition to the expected costs to grow our business, we also will significantly increase legal, accounting, and other expenses as a public company. Any failure to increase our revenue sufficiently to offset the increases in our operating expenses will limit our ability to achieve or maintain profitability in the future. Further, if we are unable to successfully address these risks and challenges as we encounter them, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

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Our results of operations vary and are unpredictable from period to period, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

Our results of operations may fluctuate from period to period as a result of a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control and may be difficult to predict. Some of the factors that may cause our results of operations to fluctuate from period to period include:

• our ability to attract new customers, retain existing customers, and expand the adoption of our platform, particularly to our largest customers;

• market acceptance and the level of demand for our platform;

• the quality and level of the execution of our business strategy and operating plan;

• the effectiveness of our sales and marketing programs;

• the competitive conditions in the industry, including consolidation within the industry, strategic initiatives by us or by competitors, or introduction of new services by us or our competitors;

• the length of our sales cycle, including the timing of upgrades or renewals;

• the cost and availability of components, including any changes to our supply or manufacturing partners;

• the volume of sales generated by subscription sales as opposed to project-based services;

• service outages or security breaches or incidents and any related occurrences could impact our reputation;

• limited availability of appropriate launch windows, satellite damage or destruction during launch, launch failures, incorrect orbital placement of satellites, or losses due to satellites otherwise deorbiting prior to the end of their useful life;

• trade protection measures, such as tariffs or duties;

• our ability to successfully expand internationally and penetrate key markets;

• our ability to develop and respond to new technologies;

• increases in and the timing of operating expenses that we may incur to grow our operations and to remain competitive;

• pricing pressure as a result of competition or otherwise;

• delays in our sales cycle, decreases in sales to new customers, and reductions in upselling and cross-selling to existing customers due to the impact on global business and data spending as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic;

• the implementation of cost-saving activities as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic;

• the impact and costs, including those with respect to integration, related to the acquisition of businesses, talent, technologies, or intellectual property rights;

• changes in the legislative or regulatory environment;

• adverse litigation judgments, settlements, or other litigation-related costs; and

• general economic conditions in either domestic or international markets, including currency exchange rate fluctuations and geopolitical uncertainty and instability.

Any one or more of the factors above may result in significant fluctuations in our results of operations. We also intend to continue to invest significantly to grow our business in the near future rather than optimizing for profitability or cash flows. In addition, our quarterly results of operations may fluctuate from quarter to quarter

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depending on customer buying habits, and whether they are purchasing a subscription or a project-based data solution. The timing of customer acceptance on project-based deliverables may impact or delay our recognition of revenue from such projects. The variability of our results of operations or other operating estimates could result in our failure to meet our expectations or those of securities analysts or investors.

If we fail to meet or exceed such expectations for these or any other reasons, the market price of our common stock could decline and we could face costly lawsuits, including securities class action suits.

The global COVID-19 pandemic has harmed and could continue to harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to control its spread have significantly curtailed the movement of people, goods, and services worldwide, including in the geographic areas in which we conduct our business operations and from which we generate our revenue. It has also caused extreme societal, economic, and financial market volatility, resulting in business shutdowns and potentially leading to a global economic downturn. The magnitude and duration of the resulting decline in business activity cannot currently be estimated with any degree of certainty and the decline has had several effects on our business and results of operations, including, among other things:

• negatively impacting global data spending, which has adversely affected demand and may continue to adversely affect demand for our platform, caused potential customers to delay or forgo purchases of project-based services or subscriptions to our platform, and caused some existing customers to fail to renew subscriptions, defer their renewal, reduce their usage, or fail to expand their usage of our platform within their business;

• disrupting our supply chain for the manufacturing and launch of our satellites, delaying our ability to launch new satellites, and limiting our ability to perform maintenance on our ground stations;

• slowing our recruiting, hiring, and onboarding processes, and

• restricting our sales operations and marketing efforts, including limiting the ability of our sales force to travel to existing customers and potential customers, and reducing the effectiveness of such efforts in some cases.

The COVID-19 pandemic may cause us to continue to experience the foregoing challenges in our business in the future and could have other effects on our business, including delaying or lengthening our sales cycle, increasing customer churn, depressing upsell opportunities, delaying collections or resulting in an inability to collect accounts receivable as a result of extended payment terms, concessions, or customer inability to pay, and disrupting our ability to develop new offerings, enhance existing offerings, market, and sell access to our platform, and conduct business activities generally. Further, unemployment rates have been volatile, and financial markets are experiencing significant levels of volatility and uncertainty, which could have an adverse effect on consumer and commercial spending and negatively affect demand for our customers’ products and services, particularly in markets such as aviation and maritime. Changes in government administration and national and international priorities, including in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, could have a significant impact on government budgets and spending priorities. We have historically derived a significant portion of our revenue from contracts with governments, therefore, any reduced government spending overall on services that we provide could adversely affect our business.

In light of the uncertain and rapidly evolving situation relating to the spread of COVID-19, we have taken precautionary measures intended to reduce the risk of the virus spreading to our employees, our customers, and the communities in which we operate, and we may take further actions as required by government entities or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners, and suppliers. In particular, governmental authorities have instituted shelter-in-place policies or other restrictions in many jurisdictions in which we operate, which policies require most of our employees to work remotely. Even once shelter-in-place

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policies or other governmental restrictions are reduced or lifted, we expect to take a measured and careful approach to have employees returning to offices and traveling for business. Some employees may be unwilling or unable to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, necessitating the implementation of additional safety or social distancing protocols, and impeding their return to pre-pandemic work routines. These precautionary measures and policies could negatively impact employee recruiting, productivity, training and development, and collaboration, or otherwise disrupt our business operations. The extent and duration of working remotely may also affect our ability to attract and retain employees, manage employee expectations regarding returning to offices, and expose us to increased risks of security breaches or incidents. We may need to enhance the security of our platform, our data, and our internal IT infrastructure, which may require additional resources and may not be successful. Furthermore, for part of fiscal year 2020, we took a number of proactive actions to manage our operating expenses in light of the uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, including temporarily limiting the addition of new employees and third-party contracted services, curtailing most travel expenses except where critical to the business, and acting to limit discretionary spending, and we may be required to take similar or other actions in the future.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact our business and results of operations will also depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, such as the duration of the outbreak and spread of new virus variants, the extent and effectiveness of containment actions, and the effectiveness of vaccination efforts. An extended period of global supply chain and economic disruption as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic could have a material negative impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition, though the full extent and duration is uncertain. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic continues to adversely affect our business and financial results, it is likely to also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.

Satellites use highly complex technology and operate in the harsh environment of space and therefore are subject to significant operational risks, including exposure to space debris and other spacecraft, while in orbit.

Satellites utilize highly complex technology and operate in the harsh environment of space and, accordingly, are subject to significant operational risks while in orbit. These risks include malfunctions, or anomalies, that have occurred and may continue to occur in our satellites. Exposure of our satellites to an unanticipated catastrophic event, such as a meteor shower, Coronal Mass Ejection or a collision with space debris, could reduce the performance of, or completely destroy, the affected satellite and/or constellation. In addition, satellites in low earth orbit have a limited life cycle and they could become compromised over their designated operational life span. We anticipate that our satellites will have an expected end-of-commercial-service life of three years. It is possible that the actual commercial service lives of our satellites will be shorter than anticipated.

Some of the principal satellite anomalies that may affect the actual commercial service lives of our satellites include:

• Mechanical and electrical failures due to manufacturing error or defect, including:

• mechanical failures that degrade the functionality of a satellite, such as the failure of solar array panel drive mechanisms, rate gyros, or momentum wheels;

• antenna failures and defects that degrade the communications capability of the satellite;

• circuit failures that reduce the power output of the solar array panels on the satellites;

• failure of the battery cells that power the payload and spacecraft operations during daily solar eclipse periods;

• power system failures that result in a shutdown or loss of the satellite;

• avionics system failures, including GPS, that degrade or cause loss of the satellite;

• altitude control system failures that degrade or cause the inoperability of the satellite;

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• transmitter or receiver failures that degrade or cause the inability of the satellite to communicate with our ground stations;

• communications system failures that affect overall system capacity;

• satellite computer or processor re-boots or failures that impair or cause the inoperability of the satellites; and

• radio frequency interference emitted internally or externally from the spacecraft affecting the communication links.

• Equipment degradation during the satellite’s lifetime, including:

• degradation of the batteries’ ability to accept a full charge;

• degradation of solar array panels due to radiation;

• general degradation resulting from operating in the harsh space environment, such as from solar flares;

• degradation or failure of reaction wheels;

• degradation of the thermal control surfaces;

• degradation and/or corruption of memory devices; and

• system failures that degrade the ability to reposition the satellite.

• Deficiencies of control or communications software, including:

• failure of the charging algorithm that may damage the satellite’s batteries;

• problems with the communications functions of the satellite;

• limitations on the satellite’s digital signal processing capability that limit satellite communications capacity; and

• problems with the fault control mechanisms embedded in the satellite.

We have experienced, and may in the future experience, anomalies in some of the categories described above. The effects of these anomalies include, but are not limited to, failure of the satellite, degraded communications performance, reduced power available to the satellite in sunlight and/or eclipse, battery overcharging or undercharging and limitations on satellite communications capacity. Some of these effects may be increased during periods of greater message traffic and could result in our system requiring more than one attempt to send messages before they get through to our satellites. Although these multiple re-try effects do not result in lost messages, they could lead to increased messaging latencies for the end user and reduced throughput for our system. We consider a satellite “failed” only when it can no longer provide any data service, and we do not intend to undertake further efforts to return it to service. While we have already implemented a number of system adjustments, we cannot provide assurance that these actions will succeed or adequately address the effects of any anomalies in a timely manner or at all. While certain software deficiencies may be corrected remotely, most, if not all, of the satellite anomalies or debris collision damage cannot be corrected once the satellites are placed in orbit. Any satellite anomalies in the future may result in monetary losses, delays, and impairment of services, all of which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We rely on a limited number of government customers to provide a substantial portion of our revenue.

We have historically derived a significant portion of our revenue from contracts with federal, state, local, and foreign governments, which accounted for approximately 66% of our revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. We believe that the future success and growth of our business will depend in part on our ability to continue to maintain and procure government contracts. Within the government channel, approximately

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55% of revenue in 2020 was generated by three government customers. Contracts with any government entity may be terminated or suspended by the government at any time, with or without cause. There can be no assurance that any contract with the government of any country will not be terminated or suspended in the future. Although we attempt to ensure that government contracts have standard provisions such as termination for convenience language which reimburses us for reasonable costs incurred, the payments are not assured and may not be sufficient to fully compensate us for any early termination of a contract. The loss of one or more of our government customers, or any significant decrease in sales to these customers, could reduce our net sales and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our contracts with government entities are subject to a number of uncertainties.

Our services are incorporated into many different domestic and international government programs. Whether we contract directly with the U.S. government, a foreign government, or one of their respective agencies, or indirectly as a subcontractor or team member, our contracts and subcontracts are subject to special risks. For example:

• Changes in government administration and national and international priorities, including developments in the geo-political environment and measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, could have a significant impact on national or international government spending priorities and the efficient handling of routine contractual matters. These changes could have a negative impact on our business in the future.

• Because we contract to supply services to U.S. and foreign governments and their prime and subcontractors, we compete for contracts in a competitive bidding process. We may compete directly with other suppliers or align with a prime or subcontractor competing for a contract. Further, foreign governments may favor their domestic providers when awarding contracts over us. We may not be awarded the contract if the pricing or solution offering is not competitive, either at our level or the prime or subcontractor level. In addition, in the event we are awarded a contract, we are subject to protests by losing bidders of contract awards that can result in the reopening of the bidding process and changes in governmental policies or regulations and other political factors. In addition, we may be subject to multiple rebid requirements over the life of a government program in order to continue to participate in such program, which can result in the loss of the program or significantly reduce our revenue or margin from the program. Government program requirements for more frequent technology refreshes may lead to increased costs and lower long-term revenues.

Government contracts often contain provisions and are subject to laws and regulations that provide government customers with additional rights and remedies not typically found in commercial contracts. These rights and remedies allow government customers, among other things, to:

• Terminate existing contracts for convenience with short notice;

• Reduce orders under or otherwise modify contracts;

• For contracts subject to the Truth in Negotiations Act, reduce the contract price or cost where it was increased because a contractor or subcontractor furnished cost or pricing data during negotiations that was not complete, accurate, and current;

• For some contracts, (i) demand a refund, make a forward price adjustment, or terminate a contract for default if a contractor provided inaccurate or incomplete data during the contract negotiation process and (ii) reduce the contract price under triggering circumstances, including the revision of price lists or other documents upon which the contract award was predicated;

• Cancel multi-year contracts and related orders if funds for contract performance for any subsequent year become unavailable;

• Decline to exercise an option to renew a multi-year contract;

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• Claim rights in solutions, systems, or technology produced by us, appropriate such work-product for their continued use without continuing to contract for our services, and disclose such work-product to third parties, including other government agencies and our competitors, which could harm our competitive position;

• Prohibit future procurement awards with a particular agency due to a finding of organizational conflicts of interest based upon prior related work performed for the agency that would give a contractor an unfair advantage over competing contractors, or the existence of conflicting roles that might bias a contractor’s judgment;

• Subject the award of contracts to protest by competitors, which may require the contracting federal agency or department to suspend our performance pending the outcome of the protest and may also result in a requirement to resubmit offers for the contract or in the termination, reduction, or modification of the awarded contract;

• Suspend or debar us from doing business with the applicable government;

• Demand a set-off of amounts due to us on other contracts to satisfy amounts due to a contract default termination on a specific contract; and

• Control or prohibit the export of our services.

If a customer were to unexpectedly terminate, cancel, or decline to exercise an option to renew with respect to one or more of our significant contracts, or if a government were to suspend or debar us from doing business with such government, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be materially harmed.

• We contract with U.S. and international government contractors or directly with the U.S. government on a commercial item basis, eliminating the requirement to disclose and certify cost data. To the extent that there are interpretations or changes in the Federal Acquisition Regulation (the “FAR”) regarding the qualifications necessary to sell commercial items, there could be a material impact on our business and operating results. For example, there have been legislative proposals to narrow the definition of a “commercial item” (as defined in the FAR) or to require cost and pricing data on commercial items that could limit or adversely impact our ability to contract under commercial item terms. Changes could be accelerated due to changes in our mix of business, in Federal regulations, or in the interpretation of Federal regulations, which may subject us to increased oversight by the Defense Contract Audit Agency, for certain of our services. Such changes could also trigger contract coverage under the Cost Accounting Standards (the “CAS”), further impacting our commercial operating model and requiring compliance with a defined set of business systems criteria. Growth in the value of certain of our contracts has increased our compliance burden, requiring us to implement new business systems to comply with such requirements. Failure to comply with applicable CAS requirements could adversely impact our ability to win future CAS-type contracts.

• We are subject to the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (the “DFARS”), and the Department of Defense, and other federal cybersecurity requirements, in connection with our defense work for the U.S. government and prime contractors. Amendments to cybersecurity requirements such as through amendments to the FAR or DFARS, may increase our costs or delay the award of contracts if we are unable to certify that we satisfy such cybersecurity requirements.

• The U.S. government or a prime contractor customer could require us to relinquish data rights to a product in connection with performing work on a government contract, which could lead to a loss of valuable technology and intellectual property in order to participate in a government program.

• The U.S. government or a prime contractor customer could require us to enter into cost reimbursable contracts that could offset our cost efficiency initiatives.

• Sales to our U.S. prime defense contractor customers as part of foreign military sales programs combine several different types of risks and uncertainties highlighted above, including risks related to

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government contracts, risks related to defense contracts, timing and budgeting of foreign governments, and approval from the U.S. and foreign governments related to the programs, all of which may be impacted by macroeconomic and geopolitical factors outside of our control.

• We may need to invest additional capital to build out higher level security infrastructure at certain of our facilities to win contracts related to government programs with higher level security requirements. Failure to invest in such infrastructure may limit our ability to obtain new contracts with such government programs.

• We face risks associated with bid protests, in which our competitors could challenge the contracts we have obtained, or suspension, debarment, or similar ineligibility from serving government customers.

• We have certain contracts which were awarded to us as part of the U.S. federal government’s small business program. As our revenue grows, we may be deemed to be “other than small,” which could reduce our eligibility for proposal opportunities or reduce our ability to secure new contracts.

Our satellites and platform could fail to perform or perform at reduced levels of service because of technological malfunctions, satellite failures or deficiencies, or other performance failures, which would seriously harm our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our satellites and platform are exposed to the risks inherent in large-scale, complex satellite systems employing advanced technology. We rely on data collected from a number of sources including data obtained from our satellites and from third parties and may become unable or limited in our ability to receive such data. For example, satellites can temporarily go out of service and be recovered, or cease to function for reasons beyond our control, including the quality of design and construction, the supply of the battery, the expected gradual environmental degradation of solar panels, the durability of various satellite components and the orbits and space environments in which the satellites are placed and operated. Electrostatic storms, collisions with other objects or actions by malicious actors, including cyber related, could also damage the satellites and subject us to liabilities for any damages caused to other spacecrafts. Additionally, in certain instances, governments may discontinue for periods of time the access to or operation of a satellite for any particular area on the Earth and for various reasons may not permit transmission of certain data, whether from a satellite owned by the government or not.

Satellites can experience malfunctions, commonly referred to as anomalies, which have occurred and may occur in the future with respect to our satellites. Any single anomaly could materially and adversely affect our ability to utilize the satellite. Anomalies may also reduce the expected capacity, commercial operation and/or useful life of a satellite, thereby reducing the amount of space data collected, which, if material, could impact revenue or create additional expenses due to the need to provide replacement or back-up satellites or satellite capacity earlier than planned and could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, if a satellite experiences a malfunction, our backup satellite capacity may be insufficient to meet all of our customers’ needs or cause service interruptions, and we may need to potentially blackout or reduce service to certain customers, which would adversely affect our relationships with our customers and result in loss of revenues. Although we work to determine and eliminate the cause of anomalies in new satellites and provide for redundancies of many critical components in the satellites and service levels, we may not be able to prevent the impacts of anomalies in the future.

Satellites have certain redundant systems which can fail partially or in their entirety and accordingly satellites may operate for extended periods without all redundant systems in operation, but with single points of failure. The failure of satellite components could cause damage to or loss of the use of a satellite before the end of its expected useful life. Certain of our satellites are nearing the end of their expected useful lives. As satellites near the end of their expected useful lives, the performance of each satellite could start to gradually decline. We can offer no assurance that satellites will maintain their prescribed orbits or remain operational and we may not have replacement satellites that are immediately available. There can be no assurance as to the actual useful life of a satellite or that the useful life of individual components will be consistent with their design life. A number of

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factors will impact the useful lives of our satellites, including, among other things, the quality of their design and construction, the durability of their component parts and availability of any replacement components, and the occurrence of any anomaly or series of anomalies or other risks affecting the satellites during launch and in orbit. In addition, any improvements in technology may make obsolete our existing satellites or any component of our satellites prior to the end of their lives. If our satellites and related equipment have shorter useful lives than we currently anticipate, this may lead to increased expenses from earlier than expected replacement satellites and/or declines in actual or planned revenues, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our satellites, despite extensive testing and quality control, have in the past and may in the future contain defects, errors, or vulnerabilities, or may not perform as contemplated. These defects, errors, or vulnerabilities could result in exposure of data, data loss, data leakage, unanticipated downtime, or other events that would result in harm to our reputation, loss of customers or revenue, refunds, service terminations, or lack of market acceptance of our platform. Errors, viruses, or bugs may also be present in data, software, or hardware that we acquire or license from third parties and incorporate into our platform or in third party software or hardware that our customers use in conjunction with our platform. Our customers’ proprietary software and network firewall protections may corrupt data from our offerings and create difficulties in implementing our solutions.

Any disruption to our satellites, platform, services, information systems, or infrastructure could result in the inability or reduced ability of our customers to receive our services for an indeterminate period of time. These customers include government agencies conducting mission-critical work throughout the world, as well as consumers and businesses located in remote areas of the world and operating under harsh environmental conditions. Any disruption to our services or extended periods of reduced levels of service could cause us to lose customers or revenue, result in delays or cancellations of future implementations of our services, result in failure to attract customers, or result in litigation, customer service, or repair work that would involve substantial costs and distract management from operating our business.

In addition, certain components of our platform are located in foreign countries, and as a result, are potentially subject to governmental, regulatory, or other actions in such countries which could force us to limit the operations of, or completely shut down, components of our system, including our ground stations or other portions of our infrastructure. The failure of any of the diverse and dispersed elements of the system, including satellites, network control center or backup control center, and ground stations, to function and coordinate as required could render the system unable to perform at the quality and capacity levels required for success. Any system failures, repeated solution failures, shortened satellite commercial service life, or extended reduced levels of service could reduce our sales, increase costs, or result in warranty or liability claims and seriously harm our business, financial results, and results of operations.

Satellites are subject to construction and launch delays, launch failures, damage or destruction during launch, the occurrence of which can materially and adversely affect our operations.

Delays in the construction of future satellites and the procurement of requisite components and third-party launch vehicles, limited availability of appropriate launch windows, possible delays in obtaining regulatory approvals, satellite damage or destruction during launch, launch failures, or incorrect orbital placement could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The loss of, or damage to, a satellite due to a launch failure could result in significant increased expenses from earlier than expected replacement satellites and delays in anticipated revenue. Any significant delay in the commencement of service of a satellite could delay or potentially permanently reduce the revenue anticipated to be generated by that satellite. In addition, if the loss of satellites was material, we might not be able to accommodate customers with sufficient data to meet minimum service level agreements until replacement satellites are available, and we may not have on hand, or be able to obtain in a timely manner, the necessary funds to cover the cost of any necessary satellite replacement. In addition, appropriate launch windows for satellites in our industry are limited and may become more so as additional satellite networks and other spacecraft are launched and/or as space debris

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becomes more common. Coordinating with partners and regulators to reserve launch windows and prepare for launches may as a result become more difficult over time. An extended launch delay beyond planned contingency, launch failure, underperformance, delay or perceived delay could have a material adverse effect on our business prospects, financial condition, and results of operations.

Technical malfunctions, performance failures, or other issues or difficulties with our ground stations could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The ongoing operations of our satellite constellation and data services rely on the functionality of our ground stations. While we believe that the overall health of our ground stations remains stable, we have in the past experienced and may continue to experience technical difficulties or mechanical issues with our ground stations which may negatively impact service in the region covered by that ground station. Our ground stations are often located in remote regions of the world and not easily accessible. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly curtailed the ability for our employees and any third parties that we contract with to travel to the ground stations in order to perform maintenance. Any continued or future restrictions on travel may affect our ability to repair or service our ground stations which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We may experience a partial or total loss of one or more of our ground stations due to natural disasters such as tornados, floods, hurricane, or earthquakes, fire, acts of war or terrorism, or other catastrophic events. While our ground stations are able to provide overlapping geographic coverage, a failure at one or more of our ground stations could cause a delayed, partial, or complete loss of service for our customers. We may experience a failure in the necessary equipment at our ground stations, or in the communication links between our ground stations. Additionally, our ground stations are located on property that is not owned by us. A failure at any of our ground stations, facilities, or in the communications links between our facilities, or in our ability to maintain our ground station leases for any reason, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Further, we rely on third parties to perform maintenance on and repair our ground stations. If our relationship with these third parties deteriorates or the third parties become unable or unwilling to maintain the ground stations, or if there are changes in the applicable regulations that require us to give up any or all of our ownership interests in any of the ground stations, our control over our satellite data could be diminished and the business, financial condition, and results of operations could be harmed.

We face intense competition and could face pricing pressure from, and lose market share to, our competitors, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The maritime, aviation, and weather data industries are fragmented and highly competitive and characterized by rapid changes in technology, customer requirements, and industry standards, and frequent introductions of improvements to existing offerings. Our primary competitors in these industries include companies that specialize in one or more services similar to those offered by us on a local or regional basis. We also compete with global, national, regional, and local firms and government entities specializing in these industries. Both commercial and government organizations have indicated that they might build and launch satellites capable of collecting earth observation information from space. The U.S. government and foreign governments have developed and may in the future develop their data collection tools and develop their own data analytics solutions, which could reduce their need to rely on us and other commercial suppliers. In addition, such governments could sell or provide free of charge similar data and analytics and thereby compete with our offerings.

Some of our primary competitors include Orbcomm Inc. and exactEarth Ltd. in our maritime data vertical, Aireon LLC in our aviation data vertical, and GeoOptics, Inc. in our weather data vertical, with respect to radio occultation data services. In the weather industry, we also competes more broadly with analytics companies and

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government agencies such as AccuWeather, Inc., Weathernews Inc., MeteoGroup (acquired by DTN, LLC), ClimaCell, Inc., the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (“ECMWF”), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (“NOAA”), and The Weather Company. Additionally, many governmental agencies, such as NOAA, provide weather data at little to no cost. We compete with companies such as AAC Clyde Space, GomSpace A/S, NanoAvionika LLC, and Open Cosmos Ltd., in our Space Services business. We are constantly exposed to the risk that our competitors may utilize data they receive from us to develop and offer competing products and services to their customers, which may reduce the overall demand for our products and services. Our competitors may also implement disruptive technology, or new technology before we do, or may offer lower prices, additional offerings or other incentives that we cannot or will not offer. We can give no assurances that we will be able to compete successfully against existing or future competitors or increase our market share.

Our business model of delivering data and analytics gathered from a custom constellation of satellites in space is still relatively new and has only recently gained market traction. Moreover, many established businesses are aggressively competing against us and have offerings that have functionalities similar to those offered by us. We expect competition to increase as other established and emerging companies enter this market, as customer requirements evolve, and as new offerings and technologies are introduced. If we are unable to anticipate or effectively react to these competitive challenges, our competitive position would weaken, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Many of our existing competitors have, and some of our potential competitors could have, substantial competitive advantages, such as:

• greater name recognition, longer operating histories, and larger customer bases;

• larger sales and marketing budgets and resources;

• broader distribution and established relationships with suppliers, manufacturers, and customers;

• greater customer support resources;

• greater resources to make acquisitions and enter into strategic partnerships;

• lower labor and research and development costs;

• larger and more mature intellectual property rights portfolios; and

• substantially greater financial, technical, and other resources.

Conditions in our markets could change rapidly and significantly as a result of technological advancements, the emergence of new entrants into the market, partnering or acquisitions by our competitors, or continuing market consolidation. New innovative start-up companies and competitors that are making significant investments in research and development may invent similar or superior offerings and technologies that compete with our offerings. In addition to satellite-based competitors, terrestrial data service providers could further expand into rural and remote areas and provide some of the same general types of offerings that we provide. Potential customers may also believe that substitute technologies that have similar functionality or features as our platform are sufficient for their needs, or they may believe that point solutions that address narrower industry segments overall are nonetheless adequate for their needs. Some of our current or potential competitors have made or could make acquisitions of businesses or establish cooperative relationships that may allow them to offer more directly competitive and comprehensive offerings than were previously offered and may adapt more quickly to new technologies and customer needs. As a result of such acquisitions, our current or potential competitors may be able to accelerate the adoption of new technologies that better address customer needs, devote greater resources to bring these products and services to market, initiate or withstand substantial price competition, or develop and expand their product and service offerings more quickly than us. These competitive pressures in our market or our failure to compete effectively may result in fewer orders, reduced revenue and margins, and loss of market share. In addition, it is possible that industry consolidation may impact customers’ perceptions of the viability of smaller or even mid-size companies and consequently customers’ willingness to purchase from such firms.

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Additionally, competition continues to increase in the markets in which we operate, and we expect competition to further increase in the future, including from new and emerging companies, which could lead to increased pricing pressures. Our competitors vary in size, and some may have substantially broader and more diverse offerings, which may allow them to leverage their relationships based on other offerings or incorporate functionality into existing offerings to gain business in a manner that discourages customers from purchasing access to our platform, including through selling at zero or negative margins, offering concessions, bundling offerings, or maintaining closed technology platforms. In addition, certain customer bases and industries have been more severely impacted by the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may lead to increased pricing pressure, increased customer churn, or a reduced ability or willingness to replace a competitor’s offering with our solutions. Any decrease in the subscription prices for our services, without a corresponding decrease in costs or increase in volume, would adversely impact our ability to achieve or maintain profitability. Our profitability could also be adversely affected by a shift towards lower-tiered subscription packages. If we are unable to maintain our pricing or market share due to competitive pressures or other factors, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Our reputation and brand are important to our success, and we may not be able to maintain and enhance our reputation and brand, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We believe that maintaining and enhancing our reputation as a leading global provider of space-based data and analytics is critical to our relationship with our existing customers and our ability to attract new customers. The successful promotion of our brand will depend on a number of factors, including our marketing efforts, our ability to continue to develop high-quality features for our platform, our ability to successfully differentiate our platform from those of our competitors, our ability to promote and maintain the reputation of our platform for data security, and our ability to obtain, maintain, protect, and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights. Our brand promotion activities may not be successful or yield increased revenue. In addition, independent industry analysts often provide reports of our platform, as well as the offerings of our competitors, and perception of our platform in the marketplace may be significantly influenced by these reports. If these reports are negative, or less positive as compared to those of our competitors, our reputation and brand may be adversely affected. Additionally, the performance of our channel partners may affect our reputation and brand if customers do not have a positive experience with our platform as implemented by our channel partners or with the implementation generally. At times, competitors may adopt trade names or trademarks similar to ours, thereby impeding our ability to build brand identity and possibly leading to market confusion. Additionally, our registered or unregistered trademarks or trade names may be challenged, infringed, circumvented, or declared generic or determined to be infringing on other marks, or if we are otherwise unable to establish name recognition based on our trademarks and trade names, then we may not be able to compete effectively and our business may be adversely affected. The promotion of our brand requires us to make substantial expenditures, and we anticipate that the expenditures will increase as our market becomes more competitive, as we expand into new geographies and markets and as more sales are generated through our channel partners. Any increase in revenue from such brand promotion initiatives may not offset the increased expenses we incur. If we do not successfully maintain and enhance our reputation and brand, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Rapid and significant technological changes in the satellite industry or the introduction of a new service solution to the market that reduces or eliminates our service performance advantage may harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The satellite communications industry is subject to rapid advances and innovations in technology. We may face competition in the future from companies using new service solutions, innovative technologies, and equipment, including new low earth orbit constellations and expansion of existing geostationary satellite systems or new technology that could eliminate the need for a satellite system. New service solutions and technologies could render our offerings obsolete or less competitive by satisfying customer demand in more attractive ways or

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through the introduction of incompatible standards. For example, if new transmitters are deployed that emit in the same frequencies as Automation Identification System (“AIS”), they might cause our AIS services to be severely compromised or disabled. Particular technological developments that could adversely affect us include the deployment by our competitors of new satellites with greater power, flexibility, efficiency, or capabilities, as well as continuing improvements in terrestrial technologies. In order for our business to keep pace with technological changes and remain competitive, we may need to make significant capital expenditures, including capital to design and launch new platform features and services. New technologies may also be protected by patents or other intellectual property laws and therefore may not be available. Any failure to implement new technology within our platform may compromise our ability to compete.

We believe that our Space Services and system solutions for our aviation, maritime, and weather verticals provide a competitive performance solution in the market, which in turn factors into our ability to generate market share and revenues and margins. There is a risk that a competitor in the future may conceive of and implement a different technology solution that would approach or exceed the performance capability of our solutions with consequent impact to revenues and market shares.

For certain of our offerings, we are dependent on the continued operation and access to allocated bands in the radio frequency spectrum and various GNSS systems. Any curtailment of the operating capability of these systems or limitations on access to, or use of the signals, or discontinuance of service could result in degradation of our services or performance and may have an adverse effect on our business.

In addition, as we introduce new services or enter into new markets, we may face new technological, operational, compliance, regulatory, and administrative risks and challenges, including risks and challenges unfamiliar to us. We may not be able to mitigate these risks and challenges to achieve our anticipated growth or successfully increase our market share, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Changes to our subscription model could adversely affect our ability to attract or retain customers.

We offer a multi-tiered subscription model for our platform, in addition to our project-based services. We are continuing to iterate and optimize our business models as we evaluate customer preferences, needs, and use of our platform and services, and expects that our business models will continue to evolve. Many factors could significantly affect our pricing strategies, including operating costs, our competitors’ pricing and marketing strategies, customer use patterns, and general economic conditions. We may face downward pressure from our customers regarding our pricing and competitors with different pricing models may attract customers that prefer the competitors’ pricing models over our multi-tiered subscription model, which would cause us to lose business or modify our subscription model, both of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Changes to our subscription model and model for our project-based services may also affect our revenue recognition and other accounting policies, which may adversely affect our results of operations in any given fiscal period.

Certain of our competitors or potential competitors offer, or may in the future offer, lower-priced solutions, a broader range of services and features, or greater flexibility and customization in their offerings. Similarly, certain competitors may use marketing strategies that enable them to attract or retain new customers at a lower cost. Moreover, our customers may demand substantial price discounts as part of the negotiation of contracts. There can be no assurance that we will not be forced to reduce the pricing for our services or to increase our sales and marketing and other expenses to attract and retain customers in response to competitive pressures. We have launched, and may in the future launch, new pricing strategies and initiatives, or modify existing business models, any of which may not ultimately be successful in attracting and retaining customers. Any such changes to our subscription model or the model for our project-based services or our ability to efficiently price our services could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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Our sales cycle can be long and unpredictable for certain channels and services, and our sales efforts require considerable time and expense.

Our quarterly results of operations fluctuate, in part, because of the resource intensive nature of our sales efforts and the length and variability of our sales cycle for certain of our offerings, such as our project-based services, and for certain of our customers, such as government departments and agencies. The length of our sales cycle, from initial contact with our sales team to a contractual commitment from a customer, can also vary substantially from customer to customer based on customer size, industry, maturity, profitability, whether we are launching a new solution, and deal complexity and customization. Our sales cycle can vary considerably and may be lengthened and made more uncertain by regional or global events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Such events have resulted in and may continue to cause a general reduction in spending on data by our customers, which will further affect our ability to estimate not only the length of the sales cycle, but also the anticipated size of potential subscriptions. Further, our sales cycle may lengthen as we continue to focus our sales efforts on large enterprises and on our Space Services. For example, large organizations often undertake a significant evaluation process that results in a lengthy sales cycle and product purchases by large organizations are frequently subject to budget constraints, multiple approvals and unanticipated administrative, processing and other delays.

In addition, our results of operations depend, in part, on subscription renewals from customers and increasing sales and upgrades to our existing customers, which may also be reduced as a result of regional or global events. If a customer does not renew on time or as expected, it can negatively affect our revenue for a given period. It is difficult to predict exactly whether or when we will make a sale to a potential customer or if we can increase sales to our existing customers. As a result, initial sales or renewals have, in some cases, occurred in quarters subsequent to what we anticipated, or have not occurred at all. We may in the future make changes to our subscription model, which may affect the length of our sales cycle and our ability to predict the length of our sales cycle or the anticipated size of potential subscriptions. The loss or delay of one or more transactions in a quarter could impact our results of operations for that quarter and any future quarters for which revenue from that transaction is delayed.

We depend on our sales force, and it may fail to attract, retain, motivate, or train our sales force, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our ability to increase our customer base, achieve broader market acceptance of our platform, grow our revenue, and achieve and sustain profitability will depend, to a significant extent, on our ability to effectively expand our sales and marketing operations and activities, particularly our direct sales efforts. We depend on our sales force to obtain new customers and to drive additional sales to existing customers by selling them new subscriptions and expanding the value of their existing subscriptions. We believe that there is significant competition for sales personnel, including sales representatives, sales managers, and sales engineers, with the skills and technical knowledge that we require. Our ability to achieve revenue growth will depend, in part, on our ability to recruit, train, and retain sufficient numbers of sales personnel to support our growth. Our hiring, training, and retention efforts have been, and may further be, hindered by the constraints placed on our business as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including measures that we take proactively and those that are imposed upon us by government authorities. New hires require significant training and may take significant time before they achieve full productivity, and our remote and online onboarding and training processes may be less effective and take longer. Further, hiring sales personnel in new countries requires additional set up and upfront costs that we may not recover if the sales personnel fail to achieve full productivity. If we are unable to attract, retain, motivate, and train sufficient numbers of effective sales personnel, if our sales personnel do not reach significant levels of productivity in a timely manner, or if our sales personnel are not successful in converting potential customers into new customers, or increasing sales to our existing customer base, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

In addition, we spend significant amounts on advertising and other marketing campaigns to acquire new customers. While we seek to deploy our marketing strategies in a manner most likely to encourage efficient

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customer acquisition, we may fail to identify marketing opportunities that satisfy our anticipated return on marketing spend as we scale our investments in marketing, and accurately predict customer acquisition and behavior. If any of our advertising and other marketing campaigns prove less successful than anticipated in attracting new customers, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. There can be no assurance that our marketing efforts will result in increased sales.

The COVID-19 pandemic has also changed the way we interact with our customers and prospective customers. We have, and may continue to, alter, postpone, or cancel planned customer, employee, and industry events or shift them to a virtual only format. Our operating results may also suffer if sales and marketing personnel are unable to maintain the same level of productivity while working remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. These and other changes in the ways in which we interact with and markets to our customers and prospective customers could adversely impact our business if they prove to be less effective than in-person events.

Our ability to increase sales depends, in part, on the quality of our customer support and the ease of our customer experience, and a failure to offer high quality customer support and customer experience would harm our reputation and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our customers sometimes depend on our technical support services to resolve issues relating to our platform. If we do not succeed in helping our customers quickly resolve issues or provide effective ongoing education related to our platform, our reputation could be harmed, and our existing customers may not renew or upgrade their subscriptions or may cancel their contracts. To the extent that we are unsuccessful in hiring, training, and retaining adequate customer support resources, our ability to provide adequate and timely support to our customers, and our customers’ satisfaction with our platform, will be adversely affected. Our failure to provide and maintain high quality customer support would harm our reputation and brand and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We provide minimum service level commitments to certain of our customers, and our failure to meet these commitments could cause us to issue credits or pay penalties, which could harm our results of operations.

Certain of our customer agreements currently, and may in the future, provide minimum service level commitments, such as specifications regarding the availability, functionality, and performance of our platform. The loss of one or more of our satellites or problems with our ground stations could cause our service to fall below minimum service level commitments. Any failure of or disruption to our infrastructure could impact the performance of our platform and the availability of our services to customers. If we are unable to meet our stated service level commitments or if we suffer extended periods of poor performance or unavailability of our platform, we may be contractually obligated to provide affected customers with service credits or services at no or reduced cost, and, in certain cases, face contract termination with refunds of prepaid amounts related to unused subscriptions. If we suffer performance issues or downtime that exceeds the service level commitments under our contracts with our customers, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Further, in the normal course of business, we have entered and may in the future enter into agreements that provide for indemnification and guarantees to counterparties in transactions involving debt financing, sales of services, purchases and development of assets and operating leases. The nature of almost all of these indemnifications may prevent us from making a reasonable estimate of the maximum potential amount that we could be required to pay counterparties. If these payments were to become significant, future liquidity, capital resources, and our credit risk profile may be adversely affected.

We may fail to cost-effectively acquire new customers or obtain renewals, upgrades, or expansions from our existing customers, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our continued growth depends, in part, on our ability to cost-effectively acquire new customers. Numerous factors, however, may impede our ability to add new customers, our failure to attract, effectively train, retain, and

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motivate sales and marketing personnel, our failure to develop or expand relationships with third parties, our inability to convert initial usage into ongoing utilization of our solutions, and our failure to successfully deliver our services and provide quality customer support once delivered.

Our success also depends, in part, on our customers renewing their subscriptions when existing contract terms expire, and our ability to expand our relationships with our existing customers. Our customers have no obligation to renew or upgrade their subscriptions, and in the normal course of business, some customers have elected not to renew. In addition, our customers may decide not to renew their subscriptions with a similar contract period or at the same prices or terms or may decide to downgrade their subscriptions. For example, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the current economic environment has caused, and may in the future cause, such customers to defer services to a subsequent year or request concessions including extended payments terms or better pricing. We believe that the COVID-19 pandemic has also resulted in longer and unpredictable sales cycles and caused delays in renewal, upgrade, or expansion decisions for some of our existing customers, has reduced effectiveness of our sales and marketing efforts, and has reduced the duration of subscriptions. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic could result in increased customer churn, a lengthening of our sales cycle with some of our potential customers, or reduced contract value with prospective or existing customers. our customer retention or our customers’ use of our platform may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including our customers’ satisfaction with our platform and our customer support, our subscription model, our project-based services model, the prices, features, or perceived value of competing offerings, changes to our offerings, or general economic conditions. We will need to continue to maintain or improve our ARR Net Retention Rate to support our growth, and our ability to expand our relationships with customers may require more sophisticated and costly sales efforts. If our customers’ renewals or expansions fall below expectations, and as a result our ARR Net Retention Rate decreases, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

In addition, our ability to expand our relationship with our customers depends in large part on our ability to enhance and improve our platform, introduce compelling new features, and address additional use cases. The success of any new or enhanced features depends on several factors, including market demand for the enhanced features, timely completion and delivery, adequate quality testing, and competitive pricing. If we are unable to successfully develop new features, enhance our existing features to meet customer requirements, or otherwise gain broader market acceptance, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected. If our customers do not renew, upgrade, or expand their subscriptions, defer their subscriptions to a later date, renew their subscriptions on less favorable terms, or fail to increase adoption of our platform, including tiered and premium features or project-based services, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

The markets for our offerings are evolving, and our future success depends on the growth of these markets and our ability to adapt, keep pace, and respond effectively to evolving markets.

The markets for our offerings are in a relatively early stage of development within the industries in which we operate, and demand for our offerings may not grow, or may even contract, either generally or in particular industries and markets, for particular types of services or during particular time periods. As such, any predictions or forecasts about our future growth, revenue, and expenses may not be as accurate as they would be if we had a longer operating history or operated in more predictable markets. Any expansion in our markets depends on a number of factors, including the cost, performance, and perceived value associated with our offerings and the offerings of our competitors. A lack of demand could impair our ability to sell access to our platform, develop and successfully market new services, and could exert downward pressure on prices.

The markets for our offerings are also characterized by rapid technological changes and evolving industry standards and changing regulatory requirements. This constant evolution may reduce the effectiveness of or demand for our services or render them noncompetitive or obsolete. Our continued success and growth depend upon our ability to anticipate these challenges and to innovate by enhancing our existing services and developing

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and successfully implementing new services to keep pace with the ever-changing and increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers. We have in the past experienced delays in improving our offerings due to budgetary constraints and evolving customer demands which could continue in the future.

New service introductions that are responsive to new technologies and changing industry and regulatory standards can be complex and expensive as they require significant planning, design, development, and testing. We may find it difficult or costly to update our services and to develop new services quickly enough to work effectively with new or changed technologies, to keep pace with evolving industry standards or to meet our customers’ needs. In addition, our industries may be slow to accept new technologies that we develop because of, among other things, existing regulations or standards written specifically for older technologies and a general unfamiliarity with new technologies. As a result, any new services that we may develop may not be successful for a period of time, if at all. If we are unable to successfully enhance or update existing services or develop, identify, and market new services to meet these challenges, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected.

We rely on third parties for our supply of certain of our data, equipment, satellite components, software, and operational services to manage and operate our business, and any failure or interruption with these third parties could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We purchase equipment and satellite components from third-party suppliers and we depend on those suppliers to deliver and support our operations at the contracted specifications in order for us to continue to meet our service and contractual commitments to our customers. We may experience difficulty if these suppliers, particularly our top suppliers, do not meet their obligations to deliver and support the equipment and satellite components, given approximately 37% of the costs attributed to satellite parts is generated by three vendors for the year ended December 31, 2020. We may also have trouble or failure when implementing, operating and maintaining this equipment and satellite components, or when providing services using this equipment. This difficulty or failure may lead to service interruptions or degradations in the services offered to our customers, which could cause our revenues to decline materially and could adversely affect our ability to market our services and generate future revenues and profit.

We also rely on a number of third-party data, software, and services to manage and operate our business, including FleetMon provided by JAKOTA Cruise Systems GmbH, NAVTOR AS, AirNav, LLC, NOAA, ECMWF, HubSpot, Inc., AWS, Ohio State University, Google Services, R-Systems, and NetSuite provided by Oracle Corporation. The data, software, and services provided by these third parties are critical to our ability to increase our sales to customers, operate and maintain our platform, and accurately maintain books and records. Any disruption in these services could reduce the quality or volume of data we are able to provide to our customers, impair our ability to execute on our operating plan, and disrupt our business. Further, if these services cease to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, it may be required to use additional or alternative services, or to develop additional capabilities within our business, any of which could require significant resources and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We also rely on third-party cloud service providers such as AWS and Google Services to process the data we provide to service our customers. These third-party services are critical to our ability to provide reliable service to our customers. Any disruption in these services would negatively impact our data service uptime and our ability to service customers reliably and consistently, which could reduce sales and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Further, our suppliers may become capacity-constrained or could face financial difficulties as a result of a surge in demand, a natural disaster, or other event, including the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, we may experience operational delays and may have to evaluate replacement suppliers for our satellite components, equipment, and operational services. If we fail to effectively address these issues, we could suffer delays, which could reduce our ability to launch new satellites and manage and operate our business, which could harm our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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Our business may be adversely affected if any of our direct or indirect relationships with our third-party suppliers of data, equipment, satellite components, or operational services are terminated or modified. If our arrangements with our third parties are terminated, our search for additional or alternate third-party suppliers could result in significant launch delays, added expense, reduced quality of our data, and an inability to maintain or expand our customer base. Any of these events could require us to take unforeseen actions or devote additional resources to provide our services and could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We manufacture our satellites in-house at a single manufacturing facility in the United Kingdom. Any impairment to our manufacturing facility could cause us to incur additional costs and delays in the production and launch of our satellites which would materially affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We currently manufacture our satellites in-house at a single manufacturing facility in the United Kingdom. The availability of our services depends on the continuing operation of our satellite manufacturing infrastructure and operations. Any impairment such as downtime, damage to, or failure of our manufacturing facility could result in interruptions in our production of satellites, which could materially affect our business. Our manufacturing facility may become capacity-constrained or could face financial difficulties as a result of a surge in demand for additional satellites, a natural disaster, or other event, including the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our manufacturing site is vulnerable to damage or interruption from floods, fires, power loss, or aging infrastructure. An infrastructure failure could result in the destruction of satellites under construction or inventory, manufacturing delays, or additional costs incurred, and we do not maintain back-up manufacturing facilities or operations. Although we may be able to replace or supplement the satellite manufacturing process with third-party manufacturers, there could be a substantial period of time in which new satellites would not be manufactured. Further, any new relationship may involve higher costs and delays in development and delivery. We may also encounter technical challenges in successfully replicating the manufacturing processes in other facility or with a third party. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could result in lengthy interruptions in our production and launch of our satellites which could materially affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are dependent on third parties to launch our satellites into space, and any launch delay, malfunction, or failure could have a material adverse impact to our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are dependent on third-party launch service providers, including, among others, Nanoracks LLC, Exolaunch GmbH, Astra Space, Inc., and Spaceflight, Inc. Currently, the number of companies who offer launch services is limited, and if this sector fails to grow or experiences consolidation among current providers, we may not be able to secure space on a launch vehicle or incur higher prices for such space. This could cause delays in our ability to meet our customers’ needs or an increase in the price for our offerings, adversely affecting our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The technology related to launch capabilities is evolving rapidly as existing launch providers iterate on their existing capabilities and new providers enter the market. Our launch partners may encounter launch, deployment, or in-orbit delays or failures, leading to the damage or complete loss of our satellites, including customer assets. One of our third-party launch providers recently experienced a launch failure unrelated to us. The same provider failed to deploy two of our satellites. Additionally, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we experienced launch delays for all of our scheduled satellite launches in 2020. In the event that a launch is delayed, our timing for the recognition of revenue tied to customer acceptance of project-based deliverables may similarly be delayed. While launch delays are common in our industry, they could negatively impact our financial statements or earnings for a given time period.

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Our international operations and continued international expansion subject us to additional costs and risks, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our business and our business objectives are inherently worldwide. As such, our growth strategy depends, in part, on our continued international expansion. We are continuing to adapt to and develop strategies to address international markets, but there is no guarantee that such efforts will be successful. In addition, efforts to expand our platform in certain foreign countries may be complicated, constrained, or even prohibited due to legal requirements we must comply with in the United States or other jurisdictions that may contravene with legal requirements in the new country’s markets to which we seek access.

Our international sales and operations are subject to a number of risks, including the following:

• greater difficulty in enforcing contracts and managing collections in countries where our recourse may be more limited, as well as longer collection periods;

• higher costs of doing business internationally, including costs incurred in establishing and maintaining office space and equipment for our international operations;

• differing labor regulations, especially in the European Union (“EU”), where labor laws may be more favorable to employees;

• greater risks of unexpected changes in regulatory practices, tariffs, trade disputes, and tax laws and treaties, particularly due to the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU pursuant to Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union;

• challenges inherent to efficiently recruiting and retaining talented and capable employees in foreign countries and maintaining our company culture and employee programs across all of our offices;

• fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies in markets where we do business;

• management communication and integration problems resulting from language and cultural differences and geographic dispersion;

• difficulties in penetrating new markets due to established and entrenched competitors;

• difficulties in developing services that are tailored to the needs of local customers;

• lack of local acceptance, recognition, or knowledge of our brand and services;

• unavailability of or difficulties in establishing relationships with local customers;

• significant investments, including the development, deployment, and maintenance of dedicated facilities in certain countries with laws that require such facilities to be installed and operated within their jurisdiction to connect the traffic coming to and from their territory;

• difficulties in obtaining required regulatory or other governmental approvals;

• costs associated with language localization of our platform;

• risks associated with trade restrictions and foreign legal requirements, including any importation, certification, and localization of our platform that may be required in foreign countries;

• greater risk of unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and tax laws, trade laws, export quotas, customs duties, treaties, and other trade restrictions;

• costs of compliance with foreign laws and regulations and the risks and costs of non-compliance with such laws and regulations, including, but not limited to data privacy, data protection, and data security regulations, particularly in the EU;

• compliance with anti-bribery laws, including, without limitation, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (the “FCPA”), the U.S. Travel Act, and the UK Bribery Act 2010, violations of which could lead to significant fines, penalties, and collateral consequences for us;

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• risks relating to the implementation of exchange controls, including restrictions promulgated by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), and other similar trade protection regulations and measures;

• heightened risk of unfair or corrupt business practices in certain geographies and of improper or fraudulent sales arrangements that may impact our financial condition and result in restatements of, or irregularities in, financial statements;

• the uncertainty of protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;

• exposure to regional or global public health issues, such as the recent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to travel restrictions and other measures undertaken by governments in response to such issues;

• general economic and political conditions in these foreign markets, including political and economic instability in some countries;

• foreign exchange controls or tax regulations that might prevent us from repatriating cash earned outside the United States; and

• double taxation of our international earnings and potentially adverse tax consequences due to changes in the tax laws of the United States or the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate.

These and other factors could harm our ability to generate revenue outside of the United States and, consequently, adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We depend on our management team, key employees, and other highly skilled personnel, including our engineering team, and we may fail to attract, retain, motivate, or integrate highly skilled personnel, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We depend on the continued contributions of our management team, key employees, and other highly skilled personnel, including our engineering team. Our management team, key employees, and other highly skilled personnel are at-will employees, which means they may terminate their relationship with us at any time. The loss of the services of any of our key personnel or delays in hiring required personnel, particularly within our research and development and engineering teams, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our future success also depends, in part, on our ability to continue to attract and retain highly qualified and technically skilled personnel given the constant technological developments in our business. The available talent pool of individuals with relevant experience in the satellite, data, and geospatial industries is limited, and the process of identifying and recruiting personnel with the skills necessary to operate our system can be costly. New employees generally require substantial training, which requires significant resources and management attention. Competition for these personnel is intense, and the industries in which we operate are generally characterized by significant competition for skilled personnel as well as high employee attrition. We may not be successful in attracting, retaining, training, or motivating qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs. Additionally, the former employers of our new employees may attempt to assert that our new employees or we have breached their legal obligations, which may be time-consuming, distracting to management, and may divert our resources. Current and potential personnel also often consider the value of equity awards they receive in connection with their employment, and to the extent the perceived value of our equity awards declines relative to our competitors, our ability to attract and retain highly skilled personnel may be harmed. If we fail to attract and integrate new personnel or retain and motivate our current personnel, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

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In the future, we may pursue acquisitions, dispositions, or strategic transactions, and if we fail to successfully integrate acquired companies into our business or if such acquisitions fail to deliver the expected return on investment, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We have in the past acquired, and may in the future acquire or invest in, businesses, offerings, technologies, or talent that we believe could complement or expand our platform, enhance our technical capabilities, or otherwise offer growth opportunities. For example, in September 2021, we signed a definitive agreement to acquire exactEarth Ltd., a leading provider of global maritime vessel data for ship tracking and maritime situational awareness solutions in Canada, which is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 or the first quarter of 2022. We may not be able to fully realize the anticipated benefits of such acquisitions or investments. The pursuit of potential acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur significant expenses related to identifying, investigating, and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not they are consummated.

There are inherent risks in integrating and managing acquisitions. If we acquire additional businesses, we may not be able to assimilate or integrate the acquired personnel, operations, solutions, and technologies successfully, or effectively manage the combined business following the acquisition. We also may not achieve the anticipated benefits or synergies from the acquired business due to a number of factors, including, without limitation:

• unanticipated costs or liabilities associated with the acquisition, including claims related to the acquired company, our offerings, or technology;

• incurrence of acquisition-related expenses, which would be recognized as a current period expense;

• inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset acquisition or investment costs;

• inability to maintain relationships with customers and partners of the acquired business;

• challenges with incorporating acquired technology and rights into our platform and maintaining quality and security standards consistent with our brand;

• inability to identify security vulnerabilities in acquired technology prior to integration with our technology and platform;

• inability to achieve anticipated synergies or unanticipated difficulty with integration into our corporate culture;

• delays in customer purchases due to uncertainty related to any acquisition;

• the need to integrate or implement additional controls, procedures, and policies;

• challenges caused by distance, language, and cultural differences;

• harm to our existing business relationships with business partners and customers as a result of the acquisition;

• potential loss of key employees;

• use of resources that are needed in other parts of our business and diversion of management and employee resources;

• inability to recognize acquired deferred revenue in accordance with our revenue recognition policies; and

• use of substantial portions of our available cash or the incurrence of debt to consummate the acquisition.

Acquisitions also increase the risk of unforeseen legal liability, including for potential violations of applicable law or industry rules and regulations, arising from prior or ongoing acts or omissions by the acquired businesses that are not discovered by due diligence during the acquisition process. We may have to pay cash, incur debt, or issue equity or equity-linked securities to pay for any future acquisitions, each of which could adversely affect

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our financial condition or the market price of our common stock. The sale of equity or issuance of equity-linked debt to finance any future acquisitions could result in dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased fixed obligations and could also include covenants or other restrictions that would impede our ability to manage our operations. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Proposed Acquisition may not be completed on the anticipated timeline, or at all, and the failure to complete the Proposed Acquisition could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations, and the market price of our Class A common stock.

Each party’s obligation to consummate the Proposed Acquisition is subject to customary closing conditions, as set out in arrangement agreement dated as of September 13, 2021 between us, exactEarth Ltd., and certain other parties (the “Purchase Agreement”) including, among others, (i) the receipt of certain regulatory approvals; (ii) the approval of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice (Commercial List); (iii) the approval by not less than two-thirds of the votes cast at a special meeting of exactEarth shareholders, which is expected to take place in November 2021; (iv) no material adverse effect having occurred in respect of either us or exactEarth; and (v) dissent rights not having been exercised with respect to more than 10% of exactEarth’s outstanding common shares. The obligation of each party to consummate the Proposed Acquisition is also conditioned upon the other party’s representations and warranties being true and correct (subject to certain materiality exceptions) and the other party having performed in all material respects its obligations under the Purchase Agreement. There can be no assurance that all required approvals will be obtained or that all other closing conditions will otherwise be satisfied or waived, and, if all required approvals are obtained and all closing conditions are satisfied or waived, we can provide no assurance as to the terms, conditions and timing of such approvals or that the Proposed Acquisition will be completed in a timely manner or at all. Certain of the conditions to completion of the Proposed Acquisition are not within either our or exactEarth’s control, and we cannot predict when or if these conditions will be satisfied or waived. Even if regulatory approval is obtained, it is possible conditions will be imposed that could result in a material delay in, or the abandonment of, the Proposed Acquisition or otherwise have an adverse effect on us. The closing of the Proposed Acquisition is also dependent on the accuracy of representations and warranties made in the Purchase Agreement (subject to customary materiality qualifiers and other customary exceptions) and the performance in all material respects by the parties of obligations imposed under the Purchase Agreement.

If the Proposed Acquisition is not completed within the expected timeframe, or at all, we may be subject to a number of material risks. For example, some costs related to the Proposed Acquisition must be paid whether or not the Proposed Acquisition is completed, and we have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant costs, expenses, and fees for professional services and other transaction costs in connection with the Proposed Acquisition, as well as the diversion of management and resources towards the Proposed Acquisition, for which we will have received little or no benefit if completion of the Proposed Acquisition does not occur. We may also experience negative reactions from our investors, employees, and customers.

If the Proposed Acquisition is not completed on the anticipated timeline, or at all, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and the market price of our Class A common stock could be adversely affected.

Integrating exactEarth with our business may be more difficult, costly, or time-consuming than expected, and we may not realize the expected benefits of the Proposed Acquisition, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we experience greater than anticipated costs to integrate, or are not able to successfully integrate, exactEarth into our existing operations, we may not be able to achieve the anticipated benefits of the Proposed Acquisition, including cost savings and other synergies and growth opportunities. Even if the integration of exactEarth’s business is successful, we may not realize all of the anticipated benefits of the Proposed Acquisition during the anticipated time frame, or at all. For example, events outside our control, such as changes in regulation and laws,

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as well as economic trends, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, could adversely affect our ability to realize the expected benefits from this Proposed Acquisition.

An inability to realize the full extent of the anticipated benefits of the Proposed Acquisition, as well as any delays encountered in the integration process, could have an adverse effect upon our revenue, level of expenses, and results of operations. In addition, it is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of key employees, errors or delays in the implementation of shared services, the disruption of our ongoing business, or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures, and policies that may adversely affect our ability to maintain relationships with other employees and customers or to achieve the anticipated benefits of the Proposed Acquisition. Integration efforts also may divert management attention and resources.

For all of these reasons, we may not be able to achieve the anticipated benefits of the Proposed Acquisition, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations, and could cause the price of our Class A common stock to decline.

exactEarth may have liabilities that are not known to us, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

exactEarth may have liabilities that we failed, or were unable, to discover in the course of performing our due diligence investigations in connection with the Proposed Acquisition. Following the completion of the Proposed Acquisition, we may learn additional information about exactEarth that materially and adversely affects us and exactEarth, such as unknown or contingent liabilities and liabilities related to compliance with applicable laws. Any such liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our business could be adversely affected by global economic conditions.

Prolonged economic uncertainties or downturns could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Negative conditions in the general economy in either the United States or abroad, including conditions resulting from financial and credit market fluctuations, changes in economic policy, trade uncertainty, including changes in tariffs, sanctions, international treaties, and other trade restrictions, the occurrence of a natural disaster or global public health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, or armed conflicts, could continue to cause a decrease in corporate spending on data offerings in general and negatively affect the growth of our business.

These conditions could make it extremely difficult for us and our customers to forecast and plan future business activities accurately and could cause our customers to reevaluate their decision to purchase our offerings, which could delay and lengthen our sales cycles or result in cancellations. For example, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the current economic environment has caused and may in the future cause our customers to reduce their spending on, or duration of, their contracts with us, or request concessions including extended payment terms or better pricing. Further, during challenging economic times, our customers may face issues in gaining timely access to sufficient credit, which could result in an impairment of their ability to make timely payments to us, if at all. If that were to occur, we may be required to increase our allowance for doubtful accounts, which would adversely affect our results of operations.

A substantial downturn in any of the industries in which our customers operate may cause firms to react to worsening conditions by reducing their capital expenditures in general or by specifically reducing their spending on data offerings. Customers in these industries may delay or cancel projects or seek to lower their costs by renegotiating vendor contracts. To the extent purchases of our offerings are perceived by customers and potential customers to be discretionary, our revenue may be disproportionately affected by delays or reductions in general information technology spending.

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We cannot predict the timing, strength, or duration of any economic slowdown, instability, or recovery, generally or within any particular industry or geography. Any economic downtowns of the general economy or industries in which we operate would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. For example, the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown at this time but could result in adverse changes in our results of operations for an unknown period of time as the virus and its related social and economic impacts spread.

Our business could be adversely affected by pandemics, natural disasters, political crises, or other unexpected events.

We are vulnerable to natural disasters and significant disruptions including tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, fires, water shortages, other extreme or unusual weather conditions, epidemics or pandemics, acts of terrorism or disruptive political events where our facilities or the launch facilities of our transport partners are located, or where our third-party suppliers’ facilities are located, power shortages and blackouts, aging infrastructures and telecommunications failures. Further, climate change has, and may continue to, increased the rate, size, and scope of these natural disasters. In the event of such a natural disaster or other disruption, we could experience disruptions to our operations or the operations of suppliers, subcontractors, distributors, or customers, which could affect our ability to maintain launch schedules or fulfill our customer contracts.

The availability of our services depends on the continuing operation of our satellite operations infrastructure, satellite manufacturing operations, information technology and communications systems. Any downtime, damage to or failure of our systems could result in interruptions in our service, which could reduce our revenue and profits. Our systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from floods, fires, power loss, aging infrastructure, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, computer denial of service attacks, or other attempts to harm our systems. In the event we are unable to collect, process, and deliver data from our facilities, our daily operations and operating results would be materially and adversely affected. In addition, our ground stations are vulnerable to damage or interruption from human error, intentional bad acts, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, war, terrorist attacks, power losses, hardware failures, systems failures, aging infrastructure, telecommunications failures and similar events. Our satellite manufacturing facilities are also subject to risks associated with an aging infrastructure. An infrastructure failure could result in the destruction of satellites under construction or inventory, manufacturing delays, or additional costs incurred. We do not maintain back-up manufacturing facilities or operations. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could result in lengthy interruptions in our services and/or damage our reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property, Privacy, Cybersecurity, and Technical Infrastructure

Any failure to obtain, maintain, protect, or enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our success depends, in part, upon our ability to obtain, maintain, protect, and enforce our intellectual property rights, including our proprietary technology, know-how, and our brand. We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade secret laws, and contractual provisions in an effort to establish and protect our proprietary rights. However, the steps we take to obtain, maintain, protect, and enforce our intellectual property rights may be inadequate, and if we fail to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights or trade secrets adequately, our competitors might gain access to our proprietary technology and develop and commercialize similar services or technologies, and our business, financial condition, results of operations, or prospects could be adversely affected. Although we have been issued patents in the United States and Canada and has additional patent applications pending, there can be no assurance that our patent applications will result in issued patents. Even if we continue to seek patent protection in the future, we may be unable to obtain or maintain patent protection for our technology. In addition, any patents issued from pending or future patent applications or that are licensed to us in the future may not provide us with competitive advantages or may be successfully challenged by third parties. Any of our patents, trademarks, or other intellectual property rights may

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be challenged or circumvented by others or invalidated or held unenforceable through administrative process or litigation in the United States, Canada, or in other foreign jurisdictions. There can be no guarantee that others will not infringe on our trademarks or patents, independently develop offerings that are similar to our intellectual property or trade secrets, duplicate any of our offerings, or design around our patents or other intellectual property rights. Further, legal standards relating to the validity, enforceability, and scope of protection of intellectual property rights may be uncertain. Moreover, policing unauthorized use of our technologies, trade secrets, and intellectual property may be difficult, expensive, and time-consuming, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not be as protective of intellectual property rights as those in the United States and where mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights may be weak. Accordingly, despite our efforts, it may be unable to prevent third parties from infringing upon, misappropriating, or otherwise violating our intellectual property rights.

We rely, in part, on trade secrets, proprietary know-how, and other confidential information to maintain our competitive position. While we generally enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and consultants and enter into confidentiality agreements with third parties, including the parties with whom we have strategic relationships and business alliances, these agreements may not be effective in controlling access to, distribution, use, misuse, misappropriation, reverse engineering, or disclosure of our proprietary information, know-how, and trade secrets. Further, these agreements do not prevent our competitors or partners from independently developing offerings that are substantially equivalent or superior to our offerings. These agreements may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any such breach. Enforcing a claim that a party violated confidentiality obligations or illegally disclosed or misappropriated a trade secret or know-how is difficult, expensive, and time-consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. In addition, some courts inside and outside the United States are less willing or unwilling to protect trade secrets and know-how.

We may be required to spend significant resources in order to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights and trade secrets, and some violations may be difficult or impossible to detect. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, and such litigation could be costly, time-consuming, and distracting to management, and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property. Our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims, and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights, and, if such defenses, counterclaims, and countersuits are successful, we could lose valuable intellectual property rights. Our inability to protect our proprietary technology against unauthorized copying or use, as well as any costly litigation or diversion of our management’s attention and resources, could impair the functionality of our services and technology, delay introductions of enhancements to our services and technology, result in us substituting inferior or more costly technologies into our service offerings, or harm our reputation and brand. In addition, we may be required to license additional technology from third parties to develop and market new features, which may not be on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, and could adversely affect our ability to compete.

Claims by others that we infringed their proprietary technology or other intellectual property rights would harm our business.

We may become subject to intellectual property disputes. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to develop and commercialize our services without infringing, misappropriating, or otherwise violating the intellectual property rights of third parties. However, we may not be aware if our services are infringing, misappropriating, or otherwise violating third-party intellectual property rights, and such third parties may bring claims alleging such infringement, misappropriation, or violation. Companies in technology industries, including some of our current and potential competitors, are subject to litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. In addition, certain companies and rights holders seek to enforce and monetize patents or other intellectual property rights they own, have purchased, or otherwise obtained. Many potential litigants, including some of our potential competitors and patent-holding companies, have the ability to dedicate substantial resources to assert their intellectual property rights and to defend claims that may be brought against them.

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Any claim of infringement by a third party, even those without merit, against us or for which we are required to provide indemnification could cause us to incur substantial costs defending against the claim, could distract our management from our business, and could require us to cease or modify our use of such intellectual property. Further, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, we risk compromising our confidential information during this type of litigation. We may be required to make substantial payments for legal fees, settlement fees, damages, royalties, or other fees in connection with a claimant securing a judgment against it, we may be subject to an injunction or other restrictions that cause us to cease commercializing certain aspects of our business and technology, we may be required to redesign any allegedly infringing portion of our services and technology, or we may agree to a settlement that prevents us from commercializing certain aspects of our services or technology, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Moreover, there could be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments and if securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it would have a substantial adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or the market price of our common stock.

With respect to any intellectual property rights claim, we may have to seek out a license to continue operations found to be in violation of such rights, which may not be available on favorable or commercially reasonable terms and may significantly increase our operating expenses. Some such licenses may be non-exclusive, and therefore our competitors may have access to the same technology licensed to us. If a third party does not offer us a license to our intellectual property on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, we may be required to develop alternative, non-infringing technology, which could require significant time (during which we would be unable to continue to offer our affected features), effort, and expense, and may ultimately not be successful. Any of these events would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

When engaging in preliminary commercial discussions, we enter into non-disclosure agreements with potential partners. These agreements permit the parties to exchange confidential information conditioned on compliance with the terms contained therein. Any claim that we have not adhered to the terms of a non-disclosure agreement, even claims without merit, could cause us to incur substantial costs defending against the claim, could distract our management from our business, and, were a court to rule against us, could require us to cease or modify our services, in addition to potentially paying substantial payments for legal fees, settlement fees, damages, royalties, or other fees in connection with a claimant securing a judgment against us. Moreover, there could be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments and if securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it would have a substantial adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our services and technology contain third-party open source software components, and failure to comply with the terms of the underlying open source software licenses could restrict our ability to deliver our platform or subject us to litigation or other actions.

Our technology includes software modules licensed to us by third-party authors under “open source” licenses, and we expect to continue to incorporate such open source software in our platform in the future. We also contribute to the open source developer community. Use and distribution of open source software may entail greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide support, warranties, indemnification, or other contractual protections regarding infringement claims or the quality of the code. We include open source software in some of our technology to improve functionality and reduce engineering time and cost and makes the source code of some of our proprietary platform features available as open source to facilitate collaboration, but this may also enable others to compete more effectively. In addition, the public availability of such open source software may make it easier for others to compromise our services and technology.

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Some open source licenses contain requirements that could require us to make available source code for modifications or derivative works we create pursuant to the terms of such open source licenses. We seek to ensure that our proprietary software is not combined with, and does not incorporate, open source software in ways that would require the release of the source code of our proprietary software to the public. However, if we combine our proprietary software with open source software in a certain manner, we could, under certain open source licenses, be required to release the source code of our proprietary software to the public. This would allow our competitors to create similar offerings with lower development effort and time and ultimately could result in a loss of our competitive advantages. Alternatively, to avoid the public release of the affected portions of our source code, we could be required to expend substantial time and resources to re-engineer some or all our software. Certain of our technology incorporates software that is licensed under an open source license which would require release of proprietary code if such technology was released or distributed to third parties. We take steps to ensure that the source code in our proprietary software is not released or distributed. Additionally, some open source projects have known vulnerabilities and architectural instabilities and are provided on an “as-is” basis, which, if not properly addressed, could negatively affect the performance of our technology.

Although we monitor our use of open source software to avoid subjecting our platform to conditions we do not intend, the terms of many open source licenses have not been interpreted by U.S. or foreign courts, and there is a risk that these licenses could be construed in a way that could impose unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to provide or distribute our platform. From time to time, there have been claims challenging the ownership of open source software against companies that incorporate open source software into their platform, and the licensors of such open source software provide no warranties or indemnities with respect to such claims. As a result, we and our customers could be subject to lawsuits by parties claiming ownership of what we believe to be open source software. Moreover, we cannot assure that our processes for controlling our use of open source software in our platform will be effective. If we are held to have breached or failed to fully comply with all the terms and conditions of an open source software license, or if an author or other third party that distributes such open source software were to allege that we had not complied with the conditions of one or more of these licenses, we could be required to incur significant legal expenses defending against such allegations, could be subject to significant direct or indirect damages, enjoined from the sale of subscriptions to our platform or other liability, or be required to seek costly licenses from third parties to continue providing our platform on terms that are not economically feasible, to re-engineer our platform, to discontinue or delay the provision of our platform if re-engineering could not be accomplished on a timely basis, or to make generally available, in source code form, our proprietary code, any of which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We incorporate technology and terrestrial data sets from third parties into our platform, and our inability to maintain rights and access to such technology and data sets would harm our business and results of operations.

We rely on technology and data from a number of different sources, including, terrestrial data sets from third parties that we integrate with our platform or incorporates into our solutions and services. We cannot be certain that our licensors are not infringing the intellectual property rights of third parties or that these third parties have sufficient rights to the licensed intellectual property in all jurisdictions in which we may sell our subscription services and project-based services. In addition, many technology licenses are non-exclusive, and therefore our competitors may have access to the same technology licensed to us. Some of our agreements with these third parties may be terminated for convenience by them, or otherwise provide for a limited term. If we are unable to continue to license any of this technology for any reason, our ability to develop and sell access to our platform containing such technology could be harmed. Similarly, if we are unable to license necessary technology from third parties now, or in the future, on commercially reasonable terms or at all, we may be forced to develop alternative technology, which it may be unable to do in a commercially feasible manner, or at all, and it may be required to use alternative technology of lower quality or performance standards, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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In addition, we incorporate terrestrial data sets from third parties into our solutions and subscription services. We rely on such third parties to provide accurate supplementary data sets that we can utilize to deliver comprehensive data and analytics to our customers. If we are unable to obtain the necessary data sets from third parties on commercially reasonable terms or at all or if we experience errors or delays in receiving these data sets, our customers may have a negative experience with our platform, our brand and reputation may be adversely affected and our customers may be less inclined to continue utilizing our platform or recommend it to other potential customers. Similarly, if we are unable to purchase terrestrial data sets from third parties now, or in the future, on commercially reasonable terms or at all, we may be forced to produce terrestrial data sets ourself, which we may be unable to do in a commercially feasible manner, or at all, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Any actual or perceived security or privacy breach could interrupt our operations, harm our reputation and brand, result in financial exposure, and lead to loss of user confidence in us or decreased use of our platform, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The use of our platform involves the collection, storage, processing, and transmission of customers’ data. In addition, we collect, process, store, and transmit our own data as part of our business operations. Our data or our customers’ data may include personal data or confidential or proprietary information. Increasingly, threats from computer malware, ransomware, viruses, social engineering (including phishing attacks), denial of service or other attacks, employee theft or misuse, and general hacking have become more prevalent in our industry. Any of these security incidents could result in unauthorized access to, damage to, disablement or encryption of, use or misuse of, disclosure of, modification of, destruction of, or loss of our data or our customers’ data, or disrupt our ability to operate our platform. Any actual or perceived security breach or incident could interrupt our operations, harm our reputation and brand, result in remediation and cybersecurity protection costs, result in lost revenue, lead to litigation and legal risks, increase our insurance premiums, result in any other financial exposure, lead to loss of user confidence in us or decreased use of our platform, and otherwise damage our competitiveness, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We have taken steps and implemented measures designed to protect the data that we have access to, but our security measures or those of our third-party service providers could be insufficient and breached or otherwise fail as a result of third-party action, employee errors, technological limitations, defects, or vulnerabilities in our offerings or those of our third-party service providers, malfeasance, or otherwise. Additionally, with many of our employees currently working remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we may be exposed to increased risks of security breaches or incidents. We may need to enhance the security of our platform, our data, and the other data we maintain or that we or our third-party service providers maintain or otherwise process, and our internal IT infrastructure, which may require additional resources and may not be successful. Furthermore, because we do not control our third-party service providers and our ability to monitor their data security is limited, we cannot ensure the security measures they take will be sufficient to protect ours and our customers’ data. There can be no assurance that any security measures that we or our third-party service providers have implemented will be effective against current or future security threats. Our security measures or those of our third-party service providers could fail and result in unauthorized access to, damage to, disablement or encryption of, use or misuse of, disclosure of, modification of, destruction of, or loss of such data. Further, because there are many different security breach techniques and such techniques continue to evolve and are generally not detected until after an incident has occurred, we may be unable to implement adequate preventative measures, anticipate attempted security breaches or other security incidents, or react in a timely manner. In addition, we have recently seen an increase in phishing attempts and spam emails in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Any security breach or other security incident that we or our third-party service providers experience, or the perception that one has occurred, could result in a loss of customer confidence in the security of our platform, harm our reputation and brand, reduce the demand for our platform, disrupt normal business operations, require us to spend material resources to investigate or correct the breach and to prevent future security breaches and incidents, expose us to legal liabilities, including litigation, regulatory enforcement actions, proceedings, and

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orders, disputes, investigations, indemnity obligations, damages for contract breach, penalties for violation of applicable laws or regulations, other claims and liabilities, and significant costs for remediation of and otherwise responding to such breaches or incidents, any of which could adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, our remediation efforts may not be successful. We also may face difficulty or delay in identifying, remediating, and otherwise responding to security breaches and incidents. We cannot ensure that any limitation of liability provisions in our customer and user agreements, contracts with third-party vendors and service providers, and other contracts for a security lapse or breach or other security incident would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim. These risks may increase as we continue to grow and collect, process, store, and transmit increasingly large amounts of data.

Many governments have enacted laws requiring companies to notify individuals of data security incidents or unauthorized transfers involving certain types of personal data. Accordingly, security incidents experienced by our competitors, by our customers or by us may lead to negative publicity. Further, if a security breach occurs with respect to another service provider, our customers and potential customers may lose trust in the security of software delivered through the cloud generally, which could adversely impact our ability to retain existing customers or attract new ones, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Moreover, our insurance coverage may not be adequate for liabilities incurred or cover any indemnification claims against us relating to any security incident or breach or an insurer may deny coverage of claims. In the future, we may not be able to secure insurance for such matters on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The rapidly evolving framework of privacy, data protection, data transfers, or other laws or regulations worldwide may limit the use and adoption of our services and adversely affect our business.

We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local, and international laws, directives, and regulations, as well as contractual obligations, relating to the collection, use, retention, security, disclosure, transfer, and other processing of personal information and other data. The regulatory framework for privacy, data protection, and data transfers worldwide is rapidly evolving and is likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. For example, the European Court of Justice in July 2020 struck down the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield framework, which provided companies with a mechanism to comply with data protection requirements when transferring personal data from the EU to the United States. In some cases, data privacy laws and regulations, such as the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), which took effect in May 2018, impose obligations on us and on many of our customers, including with respect to cross-border data transfers. In addition, domestic data privacy laws, such as the California Consumer Privacy Act (the “CCPA”), which took effect in January 2020, and the recently passed California Privacy Rights Act (the “CPRA”), and the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (the “CDPA”), each of which take effect January 1, 2023, and the Colorado Privacy Act (the “CPA”), which takes effect July 1, 2023, continue to evolve and could expose us to further regulatory or operational burdens. Some countries also are considering or have passed legislation requiring local storage and processing of data, or similar requirements, which could increase the cost and complexity of delivering our platform. Complying with the GDPR, CCPA, CPRA, CDPA, CPA, or other laws, regulations, amendments to or re-interpretations of existing laws and regulations, and contractual or other actual or alleged obligations relating to privacy, data protection, data transfers, data localization, or information security may require us to make changes to our services to enable us or our customers to meet new legal requirements, incur substantial operational costs, modify our data practices and policies, engage in additional contractual negotiations, and restrict our business operations. Any actual or perceived failure by us to comply with these laws, regulations, or other obligations may lead to

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significant fines, penalties, regulatory investigations, lawsuits, significant costs for remediation, damage to our reputation, or other liabilities.

In addition to government activity, privacy advocacy and other industry groups have established or may establish new self-regulatory standards that may place additional burdens on our ability to provide our services globally, and which we may comply with or face asserted or actual obligations to comply with. Our customers also may require or expect us to meet certain voluntary certification and other standards established by third parties. If we are unable to maintain these certifications or meet these standards, we could adversely affect our ability to provide our services to certain customers and could harm our business. Furthermore, the uncertain and shifting regulatory environment may cause concerns regarding data privacy and may cause our customers or our customers’ customers to resist providing the data necessary to allow our customers to use our services effectively. Even the perception that the privacy of personal information is not satisfactorily protected or does not meet regulatory requirements could inhibit sales of our services and limit adoption of our platform. Additionally, some statutory requirements, both in the United States and abroad, include obligations for companies to notify individuals of security breaches involving particular personal information, which could result from breaches experienced by us or our service providers. Any actual or perceived security breach or incident that we or our service providers suffer could harm our reputation and brand, expose us to potential claims, liability, and proceedings, or require us to expend significant resources on data security and in responding to any such actual or perceived breach or incident.

These laws, regulations, standards, or other obligations relating to privacy, data protection, data transfers, data localization, or information security could require us to take on more onerous obligations in our contracts, restrict our ability to store, transfer, and process data or, in some cases, impact our ability to offer our services in certain locations, to deploy our solutions, to reach current and prospective customers, or to derive insights from data globally. If we are obligated to fundamentally change our business activities and practices or modify our platform, we may be unable to make such changes and modifications in a commercially reasonable manner, or at all, and our ability to develop new platform features could be limited. The costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, these laws, regulations, standards, and obligations, or any inability to adequately address privacy, data protection, or information security-related concerns, even if unfounded, may limit the use and adoption of our services, reduce overall demand for our services, make it more difficult to meet expectations from or commitments to customers, impact our reputation, or slow the pace at which we close sales transactions, any of which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We rely on Amazon Web Services to deliver our platform to our customers, and any disruption of, or interference with, our use of Amazon Web Services could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Amazon Web Services (“AWS”) is a third-party provider of cloud infrastructure services. We outsource substantially all of the infrastructure relating to our platform to AWS. Our customers need to be able to access our platform at any time, without interruption or degradation of performance. Our platform depends, in part, on the virtual cloud infrastructure hosted in AWS. Although we have disaster recovery plans that utilize multiple AWS locations, any incident affecting their infrastructure that may be caused by fire, flood, severe storm, earthquake or other natural disasters, power loss, telecommunications failures, cyber-attacks, terrorist or other attacks, and other similar events beyond our control, could adversely affect our cloud-native platform. Additionally, AWS may experience threats or attacks from computer malware, ransomware, viruses, social engineering (including phishing attacks), denial of service or other attacks. In addition, employee theft or misuse and general hacking have become more prevalent in our industry. Any of these security incidents could result in unauthorized access to, damage to, disablement or encryption of, use or misuse of, disclosure of, modification of, destruction of, or loss of our data or our customers’ data or disrupt our ability to provide our platform or service. A prolonged AWS service disruption affecting our platform for any of the foregoing reasons would adversely impact our ability to serve our customers and could damage our reputation with current and potential customers, expose us to liability, result in substantial costs for remediation, cause us to lose customers, or otherwise harm

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our business, financial condition, or results of operations. We may also incur significant costs for using alternative hosting sources or taking other actions in preparation for, or in reaction to, events that damage the AWS services we use.

Our end-user license agreement with AWS will remain in effect until it is terminated by AWS or us with or without cause subject to at least 30 days’ advance notice. Termination upon a material breach is subject to providing the breaching party prior notice and a 30-day cure period. AWS may terminate the agreement immediately upon notice if (i) our subscription has been suspended, (ii) AWS can no longer provide the services due changes in software or other technology, or (iii) required by law or other government entities. In the event that our AWS service agreement is terminated, elimination of AWS services or features that we utilize, or damage to such facilities, we could experience interruptions in access to our platform as well as significant delays and additional expense in arranging for or creating new facilities or re-architecting our platform for deployment on a different cloud infrastructure service provider, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Risks Related to Legal and Regulatory Matters

We may become involved in claims, lawsuits, government investigations, and other proceedings that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

From time to time, we may become involved in various legal proceedings relating to matters incidental to the ordinary course of our business, including intellectual property, commercial, employment, class action, whistleblower, and other litigation and claims, and governmental and other regulatory investigations and proceedings. For example, in April 2021, a former employee filed a complaint against us in the Superior Court of California, claiming consequential damages of $3,000,000 as well as punitive damages, restitution, costs and expenses, and interest, regarding certain unexercised stock options. For additional information, see the section titled “Business—Legal Proceedings.” Any claims against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, be harmful to our reputation, require significant management attention, and divert significant resources. In addition, the expense of litigation and the timing of this expense from period to period are difficult to estimate and subject to change. The risk of litigation may be heightened among public companies, like us, that have recently undergone a merger with a special purpose acquisition company. Determining reserves for our pending litigation is a complex and fact-intensive process that requires significant subjective judgment and speculation. It is possible that a resolution of one or more such proceedings could result in substantial damages, settlement costs, fines, and penalties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. These proceedings could also result in harm to our reputation and brand, sanctions, consent decrees, injunctions, or other orders requiring a change in our business practices. Because of the potential risks, expenses, and uncertainties of litigation, we may, from time to time, settle disputes, even where we have meritorious claims or defenses, by agreeing to settlement agreements. Any of these consequences could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our business is subject to a wide range of laws and regulations, many of which are evolving, and failure to comply with such laws and regulations could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our business is subject to regulation by various federal, state, local and foreign governmental agencies, including agencies responsible for monitoring and enforcing laws and regulations related to the deployment and operation of satellites, ground stations, privacy and data protection, intellectual property, investment screening, labor and employment, worker classification, product safety, anti-bribery laws, import and export controls, federal securities laws, and tax laws and regulations. In certain jurisdictions, these regulatory requirements may be more stringent than in the United States. These laws and regulations impose added costs on our business. We monitor these developments and devotes a significant amount of management’s time and external resources towards compliance with these laws, regulations, and guidelines, and such compliance places a significant burden on management’s time and other resources, and it may limit our ability to expand into certain jurisdictions.

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Moreover, changes in law, the imposition of new or additional regulations, or the enactment of any new or more stringent legislation that impacts our business could require us to change the way we operate. In addition, changes in laws and regulations applicable to us or our third-party partners referenced herein or changes in their enforcement or regulatory interpretation could result in changes in the legal requirements affecting us (including with retroactive effect) or our partners and suppliers. Any changes in the laws and regulations to which we or our partners and suppliers are subject could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. It is impossible to predict whether there will be any future changes in the regulatory regimes to which we will be subject or the effect of any such change.

Failure to comply with these laws or regulations or failure to satisfy any criteria or other requirements under such laws or regulations, such as with respect to obtaining and maintaining licenses, certificates, authorizations, and permits critical for the operation of our business, may result in civil penalties or private lawsuits, or result in a delay or the denial, suspension, or revocation of licenses, certificates, authorizations, or permits, which would prevent us from operating our business. For example, our business requires licenses and permits from the FCC, and review by other agencies of the U.S. government. In addition, we are required to maintain similar licenses and permits in Luxembourg and Singapore which impose regulatory and operational requirements. License approval can include an interagency review of safety, operational, radio frequency interference, national security, and foreign policy, and international obligations implications, as well as a review of foreign ownership. We must also comply with laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration, and performance of contracts with the public sector, including U.S. federal governmental organizations, which affects how we do business with governmental agencies. Selling our services to the U.S. government also subjects us to certain regulatory and contractual requirements. Failure to comply with these requirements could subject us to investigations, fines, and other penalties, which would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The rules and regulations of U.S. and foreign authorities, and their interpretation and application, may change, and such authorities may adopt regulations that limit or restrict our operations as presently conducted or currently contemplated. Such authorities may also make changes in the licenses of our competitors that affect our spectrum. These changes in rules or regulatory policy may significantly affect our business. For example, the FCC has an open notice of proposed rulemaking relating to mitigation of orbital debris which could affect us and our operations. Application of these laws to our business may negatively impact our performance in various ways, limiting the collaborations we may pursue, further regulating the export and re-export of our services and technology from the United States and abroad, and increasing our costs and the time necessary to obtain required authorization. The adoption of a multi-layered regulatory approach to any one of the laws or regulations to which we are or may become subject, particularly where the layers are in conflict, could require alteration of our manufacturing processes or operational parameters which may adversely impact our business.

Further, because regulations in each country differ, we may not be aware if some of our partners or persons with whom we or our partners do business do not hold the requisite licenses and approvals. Our failure to provide services in accordance with the terms of our licenses or our failure to operate our satellites or ground stations as required by our licenses and applicable laws and government regulations could result in the imposition of government sanctions on us, including the suspension or cancellation of our licenses. Our failure or delay in obtaining the approvals required to operate in other countries would limit or delay our ability to expand our operations into those countries. Our failure to obtain industry-standard or government-required certifications for our services could compromise our ability to generate revenue and conduct our business in other countries. Any imposition of sanctions, loss of license, or failure to obtain the authorizations necessary to use our assigned radio frequency spectrum and to distribute our services in the United States or foreign jurisdictions could cause us to lose sales, hurt our reputation and impair our ability to pursue our business plan.

Noncompliance with applicable regulations or requirements could subject us to:

• investigations, enforcement actions, orders, and sanctions;

• mandatory changes to our global satellite system;

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• disgorgement of profits, fines, and damages;

• civil and criminal penalties or injunctions;

• claims for damages by our customers;

• termination of contracts;

• loss of intellectual property rights; and

• temporary or permanent debarment from sales to government organizations.

The results of any such claims, lawsuits, arbitration proceedings, government investigations, or other legal or regulatory proceedings cannot be predicted with any degree of certainty. Any claims against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, be harmful to our reputation, require significant management attention, and divert significant resources. Determining reserves for our pending litigation is a complex and fact-intensive process that requires significant subjective judgment and speculation. It is possible that a resolution of one or more such proceedings could result in substantial damages, settlement costs, fines, and penalties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. These proceedings could also result in harm to our reputation and brand, sanctions, consent decrees, injunctions, or other orders requiring a change in our business practices. Any of these consequences could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Further, under certain circumstances, we have contractual and other legal obligations to indemnify and to incur legal expenses on behalf of our business and commercial partners and current and former directors and officers.

Further, a temporary or permanent debarment by the U.S. federal government could have a negative impact on our ability to obtain contracts with agencies of U.S. states and localities as well as with non-U.S. public sector customers, some of which are required to report any suspension or debarment when submitting a proposal.

Our ability to obtain or maintain licensing authorization for our platform is subject to government rules and processes which can cause delays or failures in obtaining authorizations requested. Further, regulators may adopt new rules and regulations which could impose new requirements impacting our business, financial condition, and results of operations. If we do not maintain regulatory authorizations for our existing satellites, associated ground facilities and terminals, services we provide, or obtain authorizations for our future satellites, associated ground facilities and terminals, and services we provide, we may not be able to operate our existing satellites or expand our operations.

If we fail to obtain or maintain particular authorizations for any of the required licenses for our ground stations, satellite launches, satellite constellations, or for our ability to uplink or downlink satellite data on acceptable terms, such failure could delay or prevent us from offering some or all of our services, including subscription services and project-based services, which could adversely affect our results of business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We may not be able to obtain all of the required regulatory authorizations for the construction, launch, and operation of any of our future satellites or export or import of data. Even if we can obtain the necessary authorizations and licenses, they may impose significant operational restrictions, or not protect us from interference that could affect the use of our satellites. Our ability to secure all requisite governmental approvals is not assured, and the process of obtaining governmental authorizations and licenses can be time consuming, time sensitive, and require compliance with a wide array of administrative and procedural rules. Any failure to obtain required approvals could compromise our ability to generate revenue or conduct our business in one or more countries.

We hold FCC and foreign governmental licensing authority licenses, permits, or approvals for our satellite constellations and earth stations. As we build out our satellite constellation, we will require new licenses,

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permits, or approvals from the FCC and/or foreign governmental licensing authorities or modifications to existing licenses, permits, or approvals. Changes to our satellite constellation and earth stations may also require prior approval from the FCC or other governmental authorities. These modifications or changes may take time: for example, the FCC typically processes satellite applications for new orbital locations or frequencies on a first come, first served basis. From time to time, we may have pending applications for permanent or temporary changes in frequencies and technical design. From time to time, we have filed or will need to file applications to replace or add satellites to our satellite constellation. These licenses, permits, and approvals are also subject to modification by the FCC and foreign government licensing authorities. In addition, our licenses, permits, and approvals require coordination with various entities, including other federal government agencies. There can be no assurance that the FCC or foreign governmental licensing authorities will renew the licenses we hold, modify the licenses we currently hold, or grant new licenses, or that coordination conditions can continue to be met. If the FCC or a foreign governmental licensing authority revokes, modifies or fails to renew the licenses we hold, or fails to grant a new license or modification, or if we fail to satisfy any of the conditions of our licenses, we may not be able to continue to provide our services.

We believe our current operations are in compliance with FCC and non-U.S. licensing jurisdiction requirements. In some cases, we rely upon partners or persons with whom we do business to obtain and maintain required non-U.S. regulatory approvals. However, if we or our partners do not maintain the authorizations necessary to operate our platform, we will not be able to operate the satellites covered by those authorizations, unless we obtain authorization from another licensing jurisdiction. Some of our authorizations provide waivers of regulations. If we do not maintain these waivers, we will be subject to operational restrictions or interference that will affect our use of existing satellites. Loss of a satellite authorization could cause us to lose the revenue from services provided by that satellite at a particular orbital location or using a particular frequency band, to the extent these services cannot be provided by satellites at other orbital locations or with a different frequency band.

Our launch and operation of our platform may require additional regulatory authorizations from the FCC or a non-U.S. licensing jurisdiction. Obtaining launch windows for planned satellites and ground stations, preparing for launch, and working with the requisite equipment in foreign jurisdictions may require coordination with U.S. and foreign regulators. If any of our current operations are deemed not to be in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements, we may be subject to various sanctions, including fines, loss of authorizations, or denial of applications for new authorizations or renewal of existing authorizations. It is not uncommon for licenses for new satellites or additional operational parameters to be granted just prior to launch, and we expect to receive such licenses for all planned satellites. If we do not obtain required authorizations in the future, we will not be able to operate our planned satellites. If we obtain a required authorization but we do not receive customer acceptance of project-based deliverables regarding the construction, launch, and operation of a satellite by deadlines that may be established in the authorization, we may lose our authorization to operate a satellite using certain frequencies in an orbital location. Any authorizations we may obtain may also impose operational restrictions or permit interference that could affect our use of planned satellites.

Countries or their regulatory authorities or the International Telecommunications Union (the “ITU”), a specialized technical agency of the United Nations, may adopt new laws, policies, or regulations, or change their interpretation of existing laws, policies, or regulations, that could cause our existing authorizations and the frequency allocations that we rely on for use of our satellites to be changed or cancelled, require us to incur additional costs, impose or change existing price ceilings, or otherwise adversely affect our operations or revenues. As a result, any currently held regulatory authorizations and licenses are subject to rescission and renewal and may not remain sufficient or additional authorizations may be necessary that we may not be able to obtain on a timely basis or on terms that are not unduly burdensome. There is no guarantee that such licenses will be renewed. Further, because the regulatory schemes vary by country, we may be subject to regulations in foreign countries of which we are not presently aware that we are not in compliance with, and as a result could be subject to sanctions by a foreign government.

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We may be subject to claims that we have wrongfully hired an employee from a competitor, or that our employees, consultants, independent contractors, or advisors have wrongfully used or disclosed confidential information of third parties or that our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their former employers.

Many of our employees, consultants, independent contractors, and advisors, or individuals that may in the future serve as our employees, consultants, independent contractors, and advisors, are currently or were previously employed at companies including our competitors or potential competitors. Although we try to ensure that our employees, consultants, independent contractors, and advisors do not use the confidential or proprietary information, trade secrets, or know-how of others in their work for us, we may inadvertently or otherwise use or disclose confidential or proprietary information, trade secrets, or know-how of these third parties, or confidential or proprietary information, trade secrets, or know-how that our employees, consultants, independent contractors, or advisors obtained from current or former employers. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights or personnel. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial cost and be a distraction to our management and employees. Claims that we, our employees, consultants, independent contractors, or advisors have misappropriated the confidential or proprietary information, trade secrets, or know-how of third parties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are dependent on the availability and unimpaired use of allocated bands within the radio frequency spectrum and failure to secure spectrum use rights to support our operations and future technological development could impede our growth. Further, our platform may be subject to harmful interference from new or modified spectrum uses.

Our platform is dependent on the use of satellite signals and on terrestrial communication bands. International allocations of radio frequency are made by the ITU. These allocations are further governed by radio regulations that have treaty status and which may be subject to modification every three to four years by the World Radiocommunication Conference. Each country also has regulatory authority over how each band is used in the country. In the United States, the FCC and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration share responsibility for radio frequency allocations and spectrum usage regulations.

Any ITU or local reallocation of radio frequency bands, including frequency band segmentation and sharing of spectrum, or other modifications of the permitted uses of relevant frequency bands, may materially and adversely affect the utility and reliability of our platform and have significant negative impacts on our customers, both of which could reduce demand for our platform. We are licensed to uplink and downlink our data over certain bands. Other countries have considered proposals for use of frequencies used by our platform as well as adjacent bands that could cause harmful interference to our platform.

Our platform also uses other radio frequency bands, such as the GPS and Galileo frequencies, together with the GNSS signal, to provide enhanced GNSS capabilities, such as near real-time kinematics precision. The continuing availability of these non-GNSS radio frequencies is essential to provide enhanced GNSS products to our commercial and government markets. In addition, transmissions and emissions from other services and equipment operating in adjacent frequency bands or in-band may impair the utility and reliability of our platform. Any regulatory changes in spectrum allocation or in allowable operating conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are subject to domestic and international governmental export and import controls that would impair our ability to compete in international markets or subject us to liability if we are not in compliance with applicable laws or if we do not secure or maintain the required export authorizations.

In many cases, our services are or may in the future be subject to U.S. export control laws and regulations including the Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”), and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations

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(“ITAR”), and subject to trade and economic sanctions maintained by OFAC. We are also subject to export control and trade sanctions laws and regulations in the EU, the United Kingdom, Singapore and other jurisdictions in which we operate. As such, an export license may be required to export or re-export our technology and services to certain countries or end-users, or for certain end-uses. If we were to fail to comply with such U.S. export controls laws and regulations, U.S. economic sanctions, or other similar laws or regulations in other jurisdictions, we could be subject to both civil and criminal penalties, including substantial fines, possible incarceration for employees and managers for willful violations, and the possible loss of our export or import privileges. Compliance with the EAR, ITAR, and other applicable regulatory requirements regarding the export of our services, including new releases and/or the performance of services, may create delays in the introduction of our services in non-U.S. markets, prevent our customers with non-U.S. operations from deploying these services throughout their global systems or, in some cases, prevent the export of the services to some countries altogether.

Obtaining the necessary export license for a particular sale or offering may not be possible, may be time- consuming, and may result in the delay or loss of sales opportunities. In addition, compliance with the directives of the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (“DDTC”), may result in substantial expenses and diversion of management attention. Any failure to adequately address the directives of DDTC could result in civil fines or suspension or loss of our export privileges, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. Further, U.S. export control laws and economic sanctions as well as similar laws and regulations in other jurisdictions prohibit the export of offerings to certain U.S. embargoed or sanctioned countries, governments, and persons, as well as for prohibited end-uses. We have failed, and may in the future fail, to secure or maintain at all times all required export authorizations, which could have negative consequences on our business, including reputational harm and civil and criminal penalties. Further, we have failed, and may fail to secure or maintain at all times, all required export authorizations, which could have negative consequences on our business, including reputational harm, and lead to government investigations and criminal and civil penalties. Additionally, even though we take precautions to ensure that we comply with all relevant export control laws and regulations, monitoring and ensuring compliance with these complex export controls and sanctions is particularly challenging because our offerings are widely distributed throughout the world. Even though we take precautions to ensure that we and our partners comply with all relevant export control laws and regulations, any failure by us or our partners to comply with such laws and regulations could have negative consequences for us, including reputational harm, government investigations and penalties.

Any change in domestic or international export or import laws or regulations, economic sanctions, or related legislation, shift in the enforcement or scope of existing export, import, or sanctions laws or regulations, or change in the countries, governments, persons, or technologies targeted by such export, import, or sanctions laws or regulations, could result in decreased use of our platform by, or in our decreased ability to export or sell access to our platform to, existing or potential end-customers with international operations. Any decreased use of our platform or limitation on our ability to export to or sell access to our platform in international markets would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are subject to anti-corruption, anti-bribery, anti-money laundering, and similar laws, and non-compliance with such laws can subject us to criminal penalties or significant fines, harm our reputation, and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and growth prospects.

We are subject to the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act 2010, the U.S. domestic bribery statute contained in 18 U.S.C. § 201, the U.S. Travel Act, and other anti-corruption, anti-bribery, and anti-money laundering laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we have offices or does business, both domestic and abroad. These laws and regulations generally prohibit companies, their employees, business partners, third-party intermediaries, representatives, and agents from authorizing, offering, or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments to government officials, political candidates, political parties, or commercial partners for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing an improper business advantage.

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We have interactions with foreign officials, including in furtherance of sales to governmental entities in the United States and in non-U.S. countries. We sometimes leverage third parties to conduct our business abroad, and our third-party business partners, representatives, and agents may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities. We may be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our employees or these third-parties, even if we do not explicitly authorize such activities. The FCPA and other applicable laws and regulations also require that we keep accurate books and records and maintain internal controls and compliance procedures designed to prevent any such actions. While we have policies and procedures to address compliance with such laws, we cannot assure you that all of our employees, business partners, third-party intermediaries, representatives, and agents will not take actions in violation of our policies and applicable law, for which we may be ultimately held responsible. Our exposure for violating these laws increases as our international presence expands and as we increase sales and operations in foreign jurisdictions.

Any violation of the FCPA or other applicable anti-bribery, anti-corruption laws, and anti-money laundering laws could result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, loss of export privileges, severe criminal or civil sanctions, settlements, prosecution, enforcement actions, fines, damages, or suspension or debarment from government contracts, any of which could adversely affect our reputation, business, stock price, financial condition, results of operations, and growth prospects. In addition, responding to any investigation or action will likely result in a significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and significant defense costs and other professional fees.

Changes in domestic and international tax laws and regulations and those which we are subject to in various tax jurisdictions could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In December 2017, the legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), was enacted, which contains significant changes to U.S. tax law, including a reduction in the corporate tax rate and a transition to a new territorial system of taxation. The primary impact of the Tax Act on our provision for income taxes was a reduction of the future tax benefits of our deferred tax assets as a result of the reduction in the corporate tax rate. However, since we have recorded a full valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, these changes did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. The impact of the Tax Act will likely be subject to ongoing technical guidance and accounting interpretation, which we will continue to monitor and assess. As we expand the scale of our international business activities, any changes in the U.S. or foreign taxation of such activities may increase our worldwide effective tax rate and harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our international operations subject us to potentially adverse tax consequences. We generally conduct our international operations through subsidiaries and report our taxable income in various jurisdictions worldwide based upon our business operations in those jurisdictions. Our intercompany relationships are subject to complex transfer pricing regulations administered by taxing authorities in various jurisdictions. The relevant taxing authorities may disagree with our determinations as to the value of assets sold or acquired or income and expenses attributable to specific jurisdictions. If such a disagreement were to occur, and our position was not sustained, we could be required to pay additional taxes, interest, and penalties, which could result in one-time tax charges, higher effective tax rates, reduced cash flows, and lower overall profitability of our operations.

There is also a high level of uncertainty in today’s tax environment stemming from both global initiatives put forth by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (the “OECD”), and unilateral measures being implemented by various countries due to a lack of consensus on these global initiatives. As an example, the OECD has put forth two proposals-Pillar One and Pillar Two-that revise the existing profit allocation and nexus rules (profit allocation based on location of sales versus physical presence) and ensure a minimal level of taxation, respectively. Further, unilateral measures such as digital services tax and corresponding tariffs in response to such measures are creating additional uncertainty. If these proposals are passed, it is likely that we will have to pay higher income taxes in countries where such rules are applicable.

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Our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes to offset future taxable income may be limited.

As of December 31, 2020, we had $135.1 million of federal and $26.8 million of state net operating loss carryforwards (“Net Operating Losses”), available to reduce future taxable income. Of the approximately $135.1 million in U.S. federal Net Operating Losses, approximately $52.6 million will be carried forward indefinitely for U.S. federal tax purposes and approximately $82.5 million will expire between 2032 and 2037. Our $26.8M of state Net Operating Losses will expire in various tax years beginning in 2032. It is possible that we will not generate taxable income in time to use Net Operating Losses before their expiration, or at all.

In addition, our federal and state Net Operating Losses and certain tax credits may be subject to significant limitations under Section 382 and Section 383, respectively of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and similar provisions under state law. In general, under those sections of the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change net operating loss carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes, such as research and development tax credits, to offset its post- change income or tax liability may be limited. In general, an “ownership change” will occur if there is a cumulative change in our ownership by “5-percent stockholders” that exceeds 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period. We have not yet undertaken an analysis of whether the Business Combination or the PIPE Investment constitutes an “ownership change” for purposes of Code Section 382 and Section 383. However, the Business Combination, the PIPE Investment or future changes in our stock ownership, which may be outside of our control, may trigger an ownership change. In addition, if Old Spire experienced an ownership change at any time since its incorporation, we may already be subject to limitations on our ability to utilize our existing Net Operating Losses and other tax attributes to offset taxable income or tax liability. Similar provisions of state tax law may also apply to limit our use of Old Spire’s accumulated state tax attributes. As a result, even if we earn net taxable income in the future, our ability to use our or Old Spire’s pre-change Net Operating Losses and other tax attributes to offset such taxable income or tax liability may be subject to limitations, which could potentially adversely affect our cash flows and result in increased future income tax liability.

The Tax Act, as amended by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), among other things, includes changes to U.S. federal tax rates and the rules governing Net Operating Losses. For Net Operating Losses arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, the Tax Act, as modified by the CARES Act, limits a taxpayer’s ability to utilize Net Operating Losses to 80% of taxable income (as calculated before taking the Net Operating Losses, and certain other tax attributes, into account) for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020. In addition, Net Operating Losses arising in tax years ending after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021 may be carried back to each of the five taxable years preceding the tax year of such loss, but Net Operating Losses arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020 may not be carried back. Net Operating Losses arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 can be carried forward indefinitely. Net Operating Losses generated in tax years beginning before January 1, 2018 will not be subject to the taxable income limitation and will continue to have a two-year carryback and twenty-year carryforward period. As we maintain a full valuation allowance against our U.S. Net Operating Losses and have been in U.S. taxable losses since inception, these changes did not impact our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. However, in future years, if and when a net deferred tax asset is recognized related to our Net Operating Losses, the changes in the new limitation on the use of Net Operating Losses may significantly impact our valuation allowance assessments for Net Operating Losses generated after December 31, 2017.

There is also a risk that due to federal or state regulatory changes, such as suspensions on the use of Net Operating Losses, tax credits or other tax attributes, in light of the needs of various jurisdictions, including some states, to raise additional revenue to help counter the fiscal impact from the COVID-19 pandemic, possibly with retroactive effect, or other unforeseen reasons, our existing Net Operating Losses, tax credits or other tax attributes could expire or otherwise be unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities. A temporary suspension of the use of certain Net Operating Losses and tax credits has been enacted in California, and other states may enact suspensions as well.

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Taxing authorities may successfully assert that we should have collected or in the future should collect sales and use, value added, or similar taxes, and any such assessments could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We do not collect sales and use, value added, and similar taxes in all jurisdictions in which we have sales, based on our belief that such taxes are not applicable. Sales and use, value added, and similar tax laws and rates vary greatly by jurisdiction. Certain jurisdictions in which we do not collect such taxes may assert that such taxes are applicable, which could result in tax assessments, penalties, and interest, and we may be required to collect such taxes in the future. Such tax assessments, penalties, interest, or future requirements would adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Further, in June 2018, the Supreme Court held in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. that states could impose sales tax collection obligations on out-of-state sellers even if those sellers lack any physical presence within the states imposing the sales taxes. Under Wayfair, a person requires only a “substantial nexus” with the taxing state before the state may subject the person to sales tax collection obligations therein. An increasing number of states (both before and after the publication of Wayfair) have considered or adopted laws that attempt to impose sales tax collection obligations on out-of-state sellers. The Supreme Court’s Wayfair decision has removed a significant impediment to the enactment and enforcement of these laws, and it is possible that states may seek to tax out-of-state sellers on sales that occurred in prior tax years, which could create additional administrative burdens for us, put us at a competitive disadvantage if such states do not impose similar obligations on our competitors, and decrease our future sales, which would adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Financial and Accounting Matters

Our current insurance does not protect us against all satellite-related losses that we may experience.

Our business is subject to a number of risks and hazards including adverse conditions. Such occurrences could result in damage to equipment, personal injury or death, monetary losses, and possible legal liability. In addition, changes in the regulatory environment could impose additional insurance requirements on satellite operators. Despite any insurance coverage which we currently have or may secure in the future, the nature of these risks is such that liabilities might exceed policy limits, the liabilities and hazards might not be insurable, or we may elect not to insure against such liabilities due to high premium costs or other reasons, in which event we could incur significant costs that could have a material adverse effect on our financial position.

Our current insurance does not protect us against all satellite-related losses that we may experience. Our insurance does not protect us against business interruption, loss of revenues, or delay of revenues. In addition, we only carry third-party liability insurance outside of the United States. Our existing third-party liability, launch, and in-orbit insurance policies may include, and any future policies that we may obtain may include, specified exclusions, deductibles and material change limitations. Typically, these insurance policies exclude coverage for damage or losses arising from acts of war, anti-satellite devices, electromagnetic or radio frequency interference, and other similar potential risks for which exclusions are customary in the industry at the time the policy is written. In addition, they typically exclude coverage for satellite health-related problems affecting our satellites that are known at the time the policy is written or renewed. Any claims under existing policies are subject to settlement with the insurers.

The price, terms, and availability of satellite insurance has increased significantly in recent years. These increases may be attributed to recent satellite launch or in-orbit failures and general conditions in the insurance industry, including the limited number of insurance providers. Launch and in-orbit policies on satellites may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all or we may determine that it is not in our interest to purchase insurance in certain circumstances. To the extent we experience a launch or in-orbit failure that is not fully insured or not insured at all, such failures could harm our financial position. In addition, higher premiums on insurance policies increase costs, thereby reducing our available cash. In addition to higher premiums, insurance policies may provide for higher deductibles, shorter coverage periods, higher loss percentages required for constructive total loss claims and additional satellite health-related policy exclusions. If we experience

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significant uninsured losses, such events could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We may face fluctuations in currency exchange rates, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

As we continue to expand internationally, we will become more exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. A portion of our operating expenses are incurred outside of the United States and denominated in foreign currencies. The strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies increases the real cost of our platform for our customers outside of the United States, which could lead to the lengthening of our sales cycle or reduced demand for our platform. The fluctuations in currency exchange rates could increase the cost of expenses such as payroll, utilities, tax, and marketing expenses, as well as overseas capital expenditures. As we continue our international expansion, increased international sales may result in foreign currency denominated sales, increasing our foreign currency risk. Moreover, this continued expansion will increase operating expenses incurred outside the United States and denominated in foreign currencies. If we are not able to successfully hedge against the risks associated with currency fluctuations, our financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. To date, we have not entered into any hedging transactions in an effort to reduce our exposure to foreign currency exchange risk While we may decide to enter into hedging transactions in the future, the availability and effectiveness of these hedging transactions may be limited and we may not be able to successfully hedge our exposure, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our results of operations may be adversely affected by changes in accounting principles applicable to us.

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) is subject to interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC, and other various bodies formed to promulgate and interpret appropriate accounting principles. Changes in accounting principles applicable to it, or varying interpretations of current accounting principles, in particular, with respect to revenue recognition of our solutions, could have a significant effect on our reported results of operations. Further, any difficulties in the implementation of changes in accounting principles, including the ability to modify our accounting systems, could cause us to fail to meet our financial reporting obligations, which could result in regulatory discipline and harm investors’ confidence in us.

Our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies may be based on assumptions that change or prove to be incorrect, which could cause our results of operations to fall below expectations of securities analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the market price of our common stock.

Our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies may be based on assumptions that change or prove to be incorrect, which could cause our results of operations to fall below expectations of securities analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the market price of our common stock.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, as described in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the recognition and measurement of certain assets and liabilities and revenue and expenses that is not readily apparent from other sources. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management’s significant estimates include assumptions in revenue recognition, and fair value of our common stock, equity awards and warrant liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates. If our assumptions change or if actual circumstances

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differ from those in our assumptions, our results of operations could be adversely affected, which could cause our results of operations to fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the market price of our common stock.

We may fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting, which could impair our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations.

We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), and the listing standards of the NYSE. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we will file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. We are also continuing to improve our internal control over financial reporting. We have expended, and anticipate that we will continue to expend, significant resources in order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting.

Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because of changes in the conditions in our business, including increased complexity resulting from any international expansion. Further, weaknesses in our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting have been and may be discovered in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement, could harm our results of operations or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could also adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that we will eventually be required to include in our periodic reports that will be filed with the SEC. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information, which would likely adversely affect the market price of our common stock. In addition, if we are unable to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be able to remain listed on the NYSE. As a public company, we are required to provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting commencing with our annual report on Form 10-K.

We identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If we are unable to remediate these material weaknesses, or if we identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, it may result in material misstatements of our consolidated financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our periodic reporting obligations, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. These material weaknesses are as follows:

We did not design and maintain an effective control environment commensurate with the financial reporting requirements of a public company. Specifically, we lacked a sufficient number of professionals with an appropriate level of internal controls and accounting knowledge, training, and experience to appropriately analyze, record and disclose accounting matters timely and accurately. Additionally, the lack of a sufficient number of professionals resulted in an inability to consistently establish appropriate authorities and

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responsibilities in pursuit of our financial reporting objectives, as demonstrated by, amongst other things, insufficient segregation of duties in our finance and accounting functions. This material weakness contributed to the following additional material weaknesses:

(i) We did not design and maintain an effective risk assessment process at a precise enough level to identify new and evolving risks of material misstatement in our financial statements. Specifically, changes to existing controls or the implementation of new controls have not been sufficient to respond to changes to the risks of material misstatement in the financial statements;

(ii) We did not design and maintain effective controls over the segregation of duties related to journal entries and account reconciliations. Specifically, certain personnel have the ability to both (a) create and post journal entries within our general ledger system, and (b) prepare and review account reconciliations;

The material weaknesses above resulted in certain immaterial audit adjustments, which were recorded prior to the issuance of the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. Additionally, these material weaknesses could result in a misstatement of substantially all of our accounts or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.

(iii) We did not design and maintain effective controls related to the identification of and accounting for certain non-routine, unusual or complex transactions, including the proper application of GAAP of such transactions. Specifically, we did not design and maintain controls to timely identify and account for warrant instruments. This material weakness resulted in the restatement of the previously issued financial statements of NavSight related to adjustments to warrant liabilities and equity.

Additionally, these material weaknesses could result in a misstatement of substantially all of our accounts or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.

(iv) We did not design and maintain effective controls over certain information technology (“IT”) general controls for information systems that are relevant to the preparation of our financial statements. Specifically, we did not design and maintain:

(a) user access controls to ensure appropriate segregation of duties and that adequately restrict user and privileged access to financial applications, programs, and data to appropriate company personnel;

(b) program change management controls for our financial systems to ensure that IT program and data changes affecting financial IT applications and underlying accounting records are identified, tested, authorized, and implemented appropriately; and

(c) testing and approval controls for program development to ensure that new software development is aligned with business and IT requirements.

These IT deficiencies did not result in a misstatement to the financial statements, however, the deficiencies, when aggregated, could impact our ability to maintain effective segregation of duties, as well as the effectiveness of IT-dependent controls (such as automated controls that address the risk of material misstatement to one or more assertions, along with the IT controls and underlying data that support the effectiveness of system-generated data and reports) that could result in misstatements potentially impacting all financial statement accounts and disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected. Accordingly, management has determined these deficiencies in the aggregate constitute a material weakness.

We will take certain measures to remediate these material weaknesses described above, including the following:

(i) hiring additional accounting and IT personnel, to bolster our reporting, technical accounting, and IT capabilities;

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(ii) establishing appropriate authorities and responsibilities, including segregation of duties, in pursuit of our financial reporting objectives;

(iii) engaging a third party to assist in designing and implementing controls, including controls to ensure appropriate segregation of duties related to journal entries and account reconciliations;

(iv) designing and implementing controls to timely identify and account for non-routine, unusual or complex transactions, including controls over the preparation and review of accounting memoranda addressing these matters;

(v) designing and implementing a formal risk assessment process to identify and evaluate changes in our business and the impact on our internal controls; and

(vi) designing and implementing IT general controls, including controls over the review and update of user access rights and privileges, change management, and program development approvals and testing.

We have hired and will continue to hire additional accounting and IT personnel to establish appropriate authorities and responsibilities in our financial reporting function, engaged a third-party resource to assist us in designing and implementing controls, and begun to implement appropriate segregation of duties related to journal entries and reconciliations. The material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until management completes the design and implementation of the measures described above and the controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are effective.

We are working to remediate the material weaknesses as efficiently and effectively as possible; full remediation is expected to go beyond December 31, 2021. At this time, we cannot provide an estimate of costs expected to be incurred in connection with implementing this remediation plan; however, these remediation measures will be time consuming, will result in us incurring significant costs, and will place significant demands on our financial and operational resources.

We cannot assure that the measures we have taken to date and may take in the future, will be sufficient to remediate the control deficiencies that led to our material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting or that they will prevent or avoid potential future material weaknesses to be identified in the future. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting is subject to various inherent limitations,

including cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the possibility of human error, and the risk of fraud. Any failure to design, implement, and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement may result in material misstatements of our consolidated financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our periodic reporting obligations, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our metrics and estimates used to evaluate our performance and make operating results projections, rely in large part upon assumptions and analyses developed by us, are subject to inherent challenges in measurement, and any real or perceived inaccuracies in those estimates may harm our reputation and negatively affect our business.

We regularly review and may adjust our processes for calculating our metrics and estimates used to make projections about our operating results, evaluate our growth, measure our performance, and make strategic decisions. Our analysis is based on data such as renewal and upsell rates, number of new customers, average selling prices, sales pipeline analysis, sales quota targets and expected achievement, bookings, billings, number of satellites to be built and launched, number of ground stations to be built and put into service, headcount that is required to support the business, and non-headcount spending that is required to support the business. These metrics are calculated using internal company data and have not been evaluated by a third party. Our metrics and estimates may differ from estimates published by third parties or from similarly titled metrics of our competitors due to differences in methodology or the assumptions on which we rely. While we believe our assumptions and

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the data underlying our metrics and estimates are reasonable, these metrics and estimates may not be accurate and the conditions supporting our metrics and estimates may change at any time, thereby reducing the predictive accuracy of these underlying factors. As a result, our metrics and estimates of the total addressable market, as well as the expected growth rate for the total addressable market, may prove to be inaccurate. Even if the markets in which we compete meet the size estimates and growth we have forecasted, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all. If securities analysts or investors do not consider our metrics or estimates to be accurate representations of our business, or if we discover material inaccuracies in our metrics or estimates, then the market price of our common stock could decline, our reputation and brand could be harmed, our actual results might diverge from our operating results projections, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We have substantial indebtedness under our credit facility and our obligations thereunder may limit our operational flexibility or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition.

In April 2021, we entered into the FP Credit Agreement, which provides us with a senior secured convertible credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $70.0 million that was fully drawn in May 2021. We used a portion of the proceeds from the term loan to repay our outstanding obligations under our existing credit facilities with Eastward Fund Management, LLC (“Eastward”) and European Investment Bank (“EIB”). There can be no assurance that we will be able to repay this indebtedness when due, or that we will be able to refinance this indebtedness on acceptable terms or at all.

Our indebtedness could adversely impact our business. For example, these obligations could, among other things:

• make it difficult for us to pay other obligations;

• increase our cost of borrowing from other sources;

• make it difficult to obtain favorable terms for any necessary future financing for working capital, capital expenditures, investments, acquisitions, debt service requirements, or other purposes;

• restrict us from making acquisitions or cause us to make divestitures or similar transactions;

• adversely affect our liquidity and result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition upon repayment of the indebtedness;

• require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to service and repay the indebtedness, reducing the amount of cash flow available for other purposes;

• limit our ability to hire or properly support our infrastructure which could have adverse impact on revenue, margins and overall financial performance;

• increase our vulnerability to adverse economic conditions;

• place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our less leveraged competitors; and

• limit our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business.

Restrictions imposed by our outstanding indebtedness and any future indebtedness may limit our ability to operate our business and to finance our future operations or capital needs or to engage in acquisitions or other business activities necessary to achieve growth.

The terms of the FP Credit Agreement restrict us from engaging in specified types of transactions. These covenants restrict our ability to, among other things:

• incur additional indebtedness;

• create or incur liens;

• engage in consolidations, amalgamations, mergers, liquidations, dissolutions or dispositions;

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• sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of assets;

• pay dividends and distributions on, or purchase, redeem, defease, or otherwise acquire or retire for value, our capital stock;

• make acquisitions, investments, loans (including guarantees), advances, or capital contributions; and

• engage in certain intercompany transactions and other transactions with affiliates.

In addition, the FP Credit Agreement requires that, prior to consummating certain transactions, including the Business Combination, we maintain unrestricted cash of at least $15.0 million, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter and as determined in accordance with the FP Credit Agreement, unless we are able to maintain positive EBITDA. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to maintain compliance with these various covenants or, if we fail to do so, that we will be able to obtain waivers from the lenders and/or amend the covenants. Even if we comply with all of the applicable covenants, the restrictions on the conduct of our business could adversely affect our business by, among other things, limiting our ability to take advantage of financing opportunities, mergers, acquisitions, investments, and other corporate opportunities that may be beneficial to our business.

A change in control or a breach of any of the covenants in the FP Credit Agreement could result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could trigger acceleration of our indebtedness and an increase in the interest rates applicable to such indebtedness, and may result in the acceleration of or default under any other debt we may incur in the future to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. The acceleration of the indebtedness under our credit agreements or under any other indebtedness, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. In the event of any default under our existing or future credit facilities, the applicable lenders could elect to terminate borrowing commitments and declare all borrowings and loans outstanding, together with accrued and unpaid interest and any fees and other obligations, to be due and payable. In addition, our obligations under the FP Credit Agreement are secured by a security interest in substantially all of our assets. During the existence of an event of default under the FP Credit Agreement, the lenders could exercise their rights and remedies thereunder, including by way of initiating foreclosure proceedings against any assets constituting collateral for our obligations under such credit facility.

We may be unable to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our significant debt service obligations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Our ability to make scheduled payments on or to refinance our debt obligations depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which are subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business, legislative, regulatory, and other factors beyond our control. We may not be able to maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and/or interest on our indebtedness. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay investments, acquisitions, capital expenditures, and payments on account of other obligations, seek additional capital, restructure or refinance our indebtedness, or sell assets. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. Our ability to restructure or refinance our debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of our debt could be at higher interest rates and could require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.

If we are at any point unable to repay or otherwise refinance our indebtedness when due, or if any other event of default (including as a result of our failure to comply with any of our affirmative or negative covenants) is not cured or waived, the applicable lenders could accelerate our outstanding obligations or proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness, which could force us into bankruptcy or liquidation. In the event the applicable lenders accelerate the repayment of our borrowings, we and our subsidiaries may not have

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sufficient assets to repay that indebtedness. Any acceleration of amounts due under the agreements governing our credit facility or the exercise by the applicable lenders of their rights under the security documents would likely have a material adverse effect on our business.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

Delaware law and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain certain provisions, including anti- takeover provisions, that limit the ability of stockholders to take certain actions and could delay or discourage takeover attempts that stockholders may consider favorable.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of rendering more difficult, delaying, or preventing an acquisition deemed undesirable by our board of directors and therefore depress the trading price of our Class A common stock. These provisions could also make it difficult for stockholders to take certain actions, including electing directors who are not nominated by the current members of our board of directors or taking other corporate actions, including effecting changes in our management. Among other things, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws include provisions regarding:

• a dual-class common stock structure, which provides the Founders with the ability to determine or significantly influence the outcome of matters requiring stockholder approval, even if they own significantly less than a majority of the shares of outstanding common stock;

• our board of directors is classified into three classes of directors with staggered three-year terms and directors will only able to be removed from office for cause;

• authorizing “blank check” preferred stock, which could be issued by our board of directors without stockholder approval and may contain voting, liquidation, dividend, and other rights superior to our common stock;

• limiting the liability of, and providing indemnification to, our directors and officers;

• prohibiting cumulative voting in the election of directors;

• providing that vacancies on our board of directors may be filled only by majority of directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, of our board of directors, even though less than a quorum;

• prohibiting the ability of our stockholders to call special meetings;

• establishing an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals to be brought before an annual meeting, including proposed nominations of persons for election to our board of directors; and

• specifying that special meetings of our stockholders can be called only by a majority of our board of directors, the chairperson of our board of directors, or our president.

These provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management. In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL, which generally prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with any “interested” stockholder for a period of three years following the date on which the stockholder became an “interested” stockholder.

Our bylaws provide, subject to limited exceptions, that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder litigation matters, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a chosen judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees, or stockholders.

Our bylaws require, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that derivative actions brought in our name, actions against directors, officers, and employees for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought

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in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware or, if that court lacks subject matter jurisdiction, another federal or state court situated in the State of Delaware. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our Class A common stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the forum provisions in our bylaws. In addition, our bylaws provide that the federal district courts of the United States shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action under the Securities Act.

This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum of its choosing for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The dual class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with the Founders, which will limit an investor’s ability to influence the outcome of important transactions, including a change in control. Additionally, two of the Founders, Peter Platzer and Theresa Condor, are husband and wife, which may further concentrate the influence of the Founders and further limit an investor’s ability to influence the company.

The dual-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with our Founders, which will limit your ability to influence the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of our board of directors, the adoption of amendments to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and the approval of any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or other major corporate transaction. Our Class A common stock has one vote per share and our Class B common stock that is held only by our Founders has nine votes per share. Accordingly, the Founders hold approximately 52.4% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock in the aggregate as of August 20, 2021. Additionally, two of the Founders, Peter Platzer and Theresa Condor, who are husband and wife, hold approximately 36.4% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock in the aggregate as of August 20, 2021. As a result, Peter Platzer and Theresa Condor and the other Founders will be able to determine or significantly influence any action requiring the approval of our stockholders, including the election of our board of directors, the adoption of amendments to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and the approval of any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or other major corporate transaction. The Founders may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree, and which may be adverse to your interests. This concentrated control may have the effect of delaying, preventing, or deterring a change in control, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their capital stock as part of a sale of the company, and might ultimately affect the market price of our common stock. Further, the separation between voting power and economic interests could cause conflicts of interest between the Founders and our other stockholders, which may result in the Founders undertaking, or causing us to undertake, actions that would be desirable for themselves but would not be desirable for our other stockholders. The numbers of shares and percentage interests set forth above assume that there are no future exercises of the warrants.

Future transfers by the holders of our Class B common stock will generally result in those shares automatically transferring to us for no consideration, subject to limited exceptions, such as certain transfers effected for estate planning or other transfers among the Founders and their family members.

In addition, each share of our Class B common stock will automatically be transferred to us for no consideration upon the following events: (i) on the affirmative written election of such holder to transfer such share of our Class B common stock to us, or if later, at the time or the happening of a future event specified in such written election (which election may be revoked by such holder prior to the date on which the automatic transfer to us would otherwise occur unless otherwise specified by such holder); (ii) the date fixed by our board of directors that is no less than 61 days and no more than 180 days following the first time after 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on the Closing Date that both (a) such Founder is no longer providing services to us as an officer, employee, or

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consultant and (b) such Founder is no longer a director of the company; (iii) the date fixed by our board of directors that is no less than 61 days and no more than 180 days following the date that such Founder’s employment with us is terminated for cause (as defined in our certificate of incorporation); and (iv) upon the death or disability (as defined in our certificate of incorporation) of such Founder. For additional information about our dual-class structure, see the section titled “Description of Securities.”

The trading price of our securities may be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

The trading price of our securities could be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Any of the factors listed below could have a material adverse effect on your investment in our securities and our securities may trade at prices significantly below the price you paid for them. In such circumstances, the trading price of our securities may not recover and may experience a further decline.

Factors affecting the trading price of our securities may include:

• actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly financial results or the quarterly financial results of companies perceived to be similar to us;

• the perceived benefits of the Business Combination failing to meet the expectations of investors or securities analysts;

• changes in the market’s expectations about our operating results;

• success of competitors;

• our operating results failing to meet the expectation of securities analysts or investors in a particular period;

• changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts concerning us or the satellite data and analytics industry in general;

• operating and share price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to us;

• our ability to bring our services and technologies to market on a timely basis, or at all;

• changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;

• our ability to meet compliance requirements;

• commencement of, or involvement in, litigation involving us;

• changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;

• the volume of shares of our common stock available for public sale;

• any major change in our board of directors or management;

• sales of substantial amounts of shares of our common stock by our directors, executive officers, or significant stockholders or the perception that such sales could occur; and

• general economic and political conditions such as recessions, interest rates, fuel prices, international currency fluctuations, and acts of war or terrorism.

Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our securities irrespective of our operating performance. The stock market in general, and the securities of technology companies in particular, have experienced price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the particular companies affected. The trading prices and valuations of these stocks, and of our securities, may not be predictable. A loss of investor confidence in the market for retail stocks or the stocks of other companies which investors perceive to be similar to us could depress our share price regardless of

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our business, financial conditions, or results of operations. A decline in the market price of our securities also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional securities and our ability to obtain additional financing in the future.

We do not expect to declare any dividends in the foreseeable future.

We have never declared nor paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends to holders of our capital stock in the foreseeable future. Additionally, our ability to pay cash dividends on our common stock is limited by restrictions under the terms of the FP Term Loan. Consequently, investors may need to rely on sales of their shares after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investment.

Certain warrants are being accounted for as a warrant liability and are being recorded at fair value upon issuance with changes in fair value each period reported in earnings, which may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

Under GAAP, we are required to evaluate warrants to determine whether they should be accounted for as a warrant liability or as equity. We have concluded that certain warrants contain provisions requiring liability classification. Therefore, as described in our financial statements and the financial statements of NavSight included herein, we are accounting for certain warrants as a warrant liability and are recording that liability at fair value upon issuance. We will record any subsequent changes in fair value as of the end of each period for which earnings are reported. The impact of changes in fair value on earnings may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and may cause fluctuations in our results of operations based on factors that are outside of our control.

General Risk Factors

Operating as a public company requires us to incur substantial costs and requires substantial management attention. In addition, key members of our management team have limited experience in operating a public company.

As a public company, we incur substantial legal, accounting, administrative, and other costs and expenses that Old Spire did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, including the requirements of Section 404, as well as rules and regulations subsequently implemented by the SEC, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, and the rules and regulations promulgated and to be promulgated thereunder, the PCAOB and the securities exchanges, impose additional reporting and other obligations on public companies. Compliance with public company requirements increases costs and make certain activities more time-consuming. A number of those requirements require us to carry out activities that Old Spire had not done previously. For example, we created new board committees and adopted new internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, we incur expenses associated with SEC reporting requirements. Furthermore, if any issues in complying with those requirements are identified (for example, if management or our independent registered public accounting firm identifies additional material weaknesses in the internal control over financial reporting), we could incur additional costs rectifying those issues, and the existence of those issues could adversely affect our reputation or investor perceptions of us. It may also be more expensive to obtain director and officer liability insurance. Risks associated with our status as a public company may make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. The additional reporting and other obligations imposed by these rules and regulations will increase legal and financial compliance costs and the costs of related legal, accounting, and administrative activities. These increased costs will require us to divert a significant amount of money that could otherwise be used to expand the business and achieve strategic objectives. Advocacy efforts by stockholders and third parties may also prompt additional changes in governance and reporting requirements, which could further increase costs.

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Additionally, many members of our management team have limited experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors, and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies. Our management team may not successfully or effectively manage our transition to a public company that will be subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under federal securities laws and the continuous scrutiny of securities analysts and investors. These new obligations and constituencies will require significant attention from our senior management and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We may not have adequate personnel with the appropriate level of knowledge, experience, and training in the accounting policies, practices, or internal controls over financial reporting required of public companies in the United States. The development and implementation of the standards and controls necessary for us to achieve the level of accounting standards required of a public company in the United States may require costs greater than expected. It is possible that we will be required to expand our employee base and hire additional employees to support our operations as a public company which will increase our operating costs in future periods.

We depend on our management team and other highly skilled personnel, and we may fail to attract, retain, motivate, or integrate highly skilled personnel, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We depend on the continued contributions of our management team, key employees, and other highly skilled personnel. All of our U.S.-based employees work for us on an at will basis, and there is no assurance that any such employee will remain with us. Our competitors may be successful in recruiting and hiring members of our management team or other key employees, and it may be difficult for us to find suitable replacements on a timely basis, on competitive terms, or at all. If we are unable to attract and retain the necessary employees, particularly in critical areas of our business, we may not achieve our strategic goals. In addition, from time to time, there may be changes in our senior management team that may be disruptive to our business. If our senior management team fails to work together effectively and to execute our plans and strategies, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our future success also depends, in part, on our ability to continue to attract and retain highly skilled personnel. Competition for these personnel is intense, and the industry in which we operate is generally characterized by significant competition for skilled personnel as well as high employee attrition. We may not be successful in attracting, retaining, training, or motivating qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs. Furthermore, our ability to attract and retain employees may be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on global workforce patterns and employee expectations regarding returning to offices, and may result in a more geographically distributed workforce than we anticipate. Additionally, the former employers of our new employees may attempt to assert that our new employees or we have breached their legal obligations, which may be time-consuming, distracting to management, and may divert our resources. Current and potential personnel also often consider the value of equity awards they receive in connection with their employment, and to the extent the perceived value of our equity awards declines relative to our competitors, our ability to attract and retain highly skilled personnel may be harmed. We may need to invest significant amounts of cash and equity to attract and retain new employees and expend significant time and resources to identify, recruit, train, and integrate such employees, and we may never realize returns on these investments. If we are unable to effectively manage our hiring needs or successfully integrate new hires, our efficiency, ability to meet forecasts, and employee morale, productivity, and engagement could suffer, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our failure to timely and effectively implement controls and procedures required by Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our business.

In connection with filing our first Annual Report on Form 10-K following the Closing, we will be required to provide management’s attestation on internal controls. The standards required for a public company under

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Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are significantly more stringent than those required of Spire as a privately-held company. Our management may not be able to effectively and timely implement controls and procedures that adequately respond to the increased regulatory compliance and reporting requirements. If we are not able to implement the additional requirements of Section 404(a) in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, we may not be able to assess whether our internal controls over financial reporting are effective, which may subject us to adverse regulatory consequences and could harm investor confidence and the market price of our securities.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business, or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our securities adversely, the price and trading volume of our securities could decline.

The trading market for our securities may be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, market, or competitors. The analysts’ estimates are based upon their own opinions and are often different from our estimates or expectations. If few securities or industry analysts commence coverage of us, or if one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our share price or trading volume to decline. If any of the analysts who may cover us adversely change their recommendation regarding our common stock or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our common stock would likely decline.

We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies could make our securities less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare our performance with other public companies.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act, as modified by the JOBS Act. As such, we are eligible for and intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies for as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, including (i) the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) the exemptions from say-on-pay, say-on-frequency and say-on-golden parachute voting requirements, and (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements. As a result, the stockholders may not have access to certain information they may deem important. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which the market value of our common stock that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700,000,000 as of June 30 of that fiscal year, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of $1.07 billion or more during such fiscal year (as indexed for inflation), (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt in the prior three-year period or (iv) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering. In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act as long as we are an emerging growth company. An emerging growth company can therefore delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period and, therefore, we may not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. Investors may find our common stock less attractive because we rely on these exemptions, which may result in a less active trading market for our common stock and the trading price may be more volatile.

Additionally, we are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of the Securities Act. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other

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things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates is equal to or exceeds $250,000,000 as of the end of that fiscal year’s second fiscal quarter, or, if the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700,000,000 as of the end of that fiscal year’s second fiscal quarter, we will remain a smaller reporting company until our annual revenue is equal to or exceeds $100,000,000 during such completed fiscal year. To the extent we take advantage of such reduced disclosure obligations, it may also make comparison of our financial statements with other public companies difficult or impossible.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

All of the securities offered by the selling securityholders (including shares of Class A common stock underlying warrants) pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the selling securityholders for their respective accounts. We will not receive any of the proceeds from these sales.

Each warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase upon exercise one share of our Class A common stock for $11.50 per share and is exercisable until 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on August 16, 2026. We would receive approximately $208.1 million in proceeds assuming the exercise of all of the warrants in full for cash. The private placement warrants may be exercised on a “cashless basis” so long as they are held by their initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. Unless we inform you otherwise in a prospectus supplement, we intend to use any net proceeds from the exercise of the warrants for general corporate purposes, which may include acquisitions and other business opportunities, capital expenditures and working capital. Our management will have broad discretion over the use of proceeds from the exercise of the warrants. There is no assurance that the holders of warrants will elect to exercise any or all of the warrants. To the extent that the private placement warrants are exercised on a “cashless basis,” the amount of cash we would receive from the exercise of the warrants will decrease.

With respect to the registration of shares of our common stock offered by the selling securityholders pursuant to this prospectus, the selling securityholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by them for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses incurred by them in disposing of the securities. We will bear all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the securities covered by this prospectus, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees, NYSE listing fees, and fees of our counsel and our independent registered public accountants.

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MARKET PRICE AND DIVIDEND INFORMATION

Our Class A common stock and public warrants are currently listed on the NYSE under the symbols “SPIR” and “SPIR.WT,” respectively. Prior to the Closing Date, our Class A common stock and public warrants were listed on the NYSE under the symbols “NSH” and “NSH.WS,” respectively. On September 17, 2021, the closing sale price of our Class A common stock was $13.71 per share and the closing price of our public warrants was $1.74 per warrant.

As of September 17, 2021, there were approximately 133,742,535 shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding held of record by approximately 253 holders and 11,499,992 public warrants issued and outstanding held of record by one holder. The number of holders of record does not include a substantially greater number of “street name” holders or beneficial holders whose shares and warrants are held of record by banks, brokers and other financial institutions.

Dividend Policy

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock, and do not intend to pay cash dividends to our stockholders in the foreseeable future. We expect to retain all available funds and any future earnings, if any, to fund the growth and development of our business. Investors should not purchase our common stock with the expectation of receiving cash dividends. Any future determination to declare dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements, general business conditions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, the terms of the FP Term Loan (as defined below) contain restrictions on our ability to declare and pay cash dividends on our capital stock. See the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

(in thousands, except shares and per share data, unless otherwise noted)

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references to: (a) “New Spire” refers to NavSight and its consolidated subsidiaries after giving effect to the Merger, (b) “Spire” refers to Spire Global, Inc., a Delaware corporation, prior to the Closing and (c) “NavSight” refers to NavSight Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, prior to the Closing. Capitalized terms used but not defined in this section shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this prospectus.

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 and unaudited condensed combined statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020 present the historical financial statements of NavSight and Spire, adjusted to reflect the following transactions:

• The Other Transaction, as described and defined below; and

• The Merger, the PIPE Investment and the other events contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information was prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X as amended by the final rule, Release 33-10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.” The adjustments presented on the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information have been identified and presented to provide relevant information necessary for an understanding of the combined company upon consummation of the Other Transaction, the Merger and the PIPE Investment.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 combines the historical unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of NavSight as of June 30, 2021, and the historical unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of Spire as of June 30, 2021, on a pro forma basis as if the Other Transaction, the Merger, the PIPE Investment, and the other events contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement had been consummated on June 30, 2021. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020, combines the historical unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations of NavSight for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and the audited statement of operations of NavSight for the period from May 29, 2020 (inception) through December 31, 2020 (as restated), with the historical unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations of Spire for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and the audited consolidated statement of operations of Spire for the year ended December 31, 2020 on a pro forma basis as if the Other Transaction, the Merger, PIPE Investment, and the other events contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement had been consummated on January 1, 2020, the beginning of the earliest period presented.

The Other Transaction is defined as:

• Spire executed an agreement for the FP Term Loan in April 2021, in the aggregate principal amount of $70,000, which was funded in May 2021. As part of the transaction, Spire issued to FP 573,176 shares of Spire Common Stock. Additionally, the FP Lenders had the option to elect to convert a portion of their specified contractual return into common stock of Spire immediately preceding the closing of the merger with NavSight, at a conversion price specified in the FP Term Loan agreement by submitting a notice to convert on or prior to the funding date in May 2021, (the “Conversion Election”). If the FP Lenders had exercised the Conversion Election, and Spire did not elect to repay outstanding principal amount of the FP Term Loan at the closing of the merger with NavSight, then the interest rate would

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have increased to 9% per annum. However, the FP Lenders did not make the Conversion Election and therefore the interest rate would have decreased to 4% per annum upon the closing of the merger with NavSight under the original terms of the FP Term Loan agreement. At the date of the FP Term Loan agreement, this contingent interest feature was determined to be an embedded derivative asset of $8,922 with an associated debt premium recorded.

• In the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information, the Other Transaction represents an amendment to the FP Term Loan executed on August 5, 2021 between Spire and the FP Lenders (the “FP Amendment”). The FP Amendment waived the instance of the noncompliance with provisions for the timely notification of the Spire’s election to add accrued unpaid interest as of June 30, 2021 to the outstanding principal. The FP Lenders also waived any interest that would have applied as a result of the noncompliance as well as waiving any future prepayment penalty, which under the original terms of the FP Term Loan agreement varied between $17,500 and $49,000 based on the timing and circumstances of the repayment. The FP Amendment also reinstated the previously expired Conversion Election, FP exercised its Conversion Election prior to the Effective Time to convert a portion of their specified contractual return and received 873,942 shares of Spire Common Stock. The FP Amendment resulted in a modification of the FP Term Loan which will be recognized in the third quarter of 2021. The financial statement impacts of the FP Amendment are reflected herein as the “Other Transaction”. Note that while the originally granted shares of 573,176 and the additional 873,942 shares were excluded from the Per Share Closing Consideration calculation (as shown below), they have been converted to New Spire Class A shares at the Effective Time. Consequently, the 573,176 shares issued in May and the 873,942 shares issued in August were converted at the Per Share Closing Consideration of 1.7058 of New Spire Class A Common Stock.

The Merger, PIPE Investment and other events contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement, give effect to:

• the reverse capitalization between NavSight and Spire, whereby 1,979,515 shares of NavSight Class A Common Stock convert to New Spire Class A Common Stock;

• the conversion of 5,750,000 shares of NavSight Class B Common Stock to NavSight Class A Common Stock;

• the issuance and sale of 24,500,000 shares of NavSight Class A Common Stock at a purchase price of $10.00 per share resulting in gross proceeds of $245,000, less $7,000 of transaction costs, pursuant to the PIPE Investment;

• the conversion of each share of Spire Capital Stock, including shares of Spire Capital Stock issued pursuant to the conversion of the 2019 and 2021 Spire Notes and the Spire Warrants immediately prior to Closing into a number of shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock equal to the Per Share Closing Consideration of 1.7058, as described further below;

• the purchase by the Founders of 12,058,614 shares of New Spire Class B Common Stock, which was equal to the number of shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock that each Founder received at Closing; and

• the Earnout Consideration of 7,300,800 shares, as described further below.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is for illustrative purposes only. The financial results may have been different had the companies always been combined. You should not rely on the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as being indicative of the historical results that would have been achieved had the companies always been combined or the future results that the combined company will experience. NavSight and Spire have not had any historical relationship prior to the Merger. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.

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The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and accompanying notes have been derived from and should be read in conjunction with:

• The following historical financial statements of NavSight: (a) the historical audited financial statements of NavSight as of December 31, 2020 and for the period from May 29, 2020 (inception) through December 31, 2020, as restated, included elsewhere in this prospectus and (b) the historical unaudited condensed financial statements of NavSight as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and for the period from May 29, 2020 (inception) through June 30, 2020 included elsewhere in this prospectus;

• the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Spire as of June 30, 2021 and for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 included elsewhere in this prospectus and the historical audited consolidated financial statements of Spire as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 and the related notes, which are included in this prospectus; and

• other information relating to NavSight and Spire contained in this prospectus.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information should also be read together with the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Description of the Transactions

The Merger

On August 16, 2021, New Spire announced that it had closed its Merger with NavSight. As a result, (i) Merger Sub merged with and into Spire, the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub ceased, and Spire will continue as the surviving corporation in the Merger and a wholly owned subsidiary of NavSight and (ii) NavSight changed its name to “Spire Global, Inc.”

Treatment of Spire Securities

Preferred Stock

Immediately prior to the Effective Time, each issued and outstanding share of Spire Preferred Stock was converted into the right to receive shares of Spire Common Stock, which was converted on a one-to-one basis, which then gave the right to receive shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock equal to the number of shares of Spire Common Stock received from such conversion multiplied by the Per Share Closing Consideration.

Convertible Notes

Immediately prior to the Effective Time, each of the Spire Notes was automatically converted into shares of Spire Common Stock. The conversion ratio to the Spire Common Stock for the Spire Notes issued before 2021 was 2.4808 whereas the conversion ratio to the Spire Common Stock for the 2021 Spire Notes was 13.6466. This conversion then gave the right to receive shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock equal to the number of shares of Spire Common Stock received from such conversion multiplied by the Per Share Closing Consideration.

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Spire Warrants

Immediately prior to the Effective Time, Spire Warrants (with the exception of warrants for 909,798 shares issued to EIB that remain unexercised) were exercised in full on a cashless basis into the right to receive shares of Spire Common Stock, which was settled on a net-basis. The exercise then gave the right to receive shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock equal to the number of shares of Spire Common Stock received from such exercise multiplied by the Per Share Closing Consideration.

FP Term Loan

In April 2021, Spire provided an equity grant of 573,176 shares of Spire Common Stock to FP in association with the FP Term Loan. In August 2021, Spire and FP amended the credit agreement (as previously discussed) and an additional 873,942 shares of Spire Common Stock were issued to FP. While these shares were excluded from the Per Share Closing Consideration calculation (as shown below), the 573,176 and 873,942 shares have been converted to New Spire Class A shares at the Per Share Consideration of 1.7058 at the Effective Time.

Stock Options

Each Spire Option that was outstanding and unexercised at the Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, was assumed by New Spire (an “Assumed Option”). Each such Assumed Option shall continue to have, and be subject to, the same terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Spire Option (including with respect to vesting criteria) as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, except that (i) the Assumed Option shall be exercisable solely for shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock, (ii) the number of shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock subject to each such Assumed Option shall be equal to the product of (a) the number of shares of Spire Common Stock subject to the corresponding Spire Option immediately prior to the Effective Time, multiplied by (b) the Option Exchange Ratio, with any resulting fractional share rounded down to the nearest whole number, and (iii) the exercise price per share of each Assumed Option shall be equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (a) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Spire Option as of immediately prior to the Effective Time by (b) the Option Exchange Ratio, with any resulting fractional cent rounded up to the nearest whole cent. The Option Exchange Ratio was calculated to be 1.8282. The issuance of the Spire Options will dilute all shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock outstanding at the Effective Time. Given there were 12,287,275 vested and unvested options outstanding at the Effective Time, 22,463,596 shares of New Spire Class A Common stock resulting from the immediate exercise of all Assumed Spire Options outstanding would represent approximately 15.4% of shares outstanding.

Common Stock

Each share of Spire Capital Stock, including shares of Spire Capital Stock issued pursuant to the conversion of the 2019 and 2021 Spire Notes and the Spire Warrants were converted into New Spire Class A Common Stock equal to the Per Share Closing Consideration. The Per Share Closing Consideration is defined in the Business Combination Agreement to be 110,500,000 shares divided by the fully diluted number of shares of Spire Capital Stock (excluding the FP shares related to the FP Term Loan), Vested Spire Options, Spire Warrants and Spire Notes. The Per Share Closing Consideration was 1.7058 at the Effective Time.

New Spire Class B Common Stock

In addition, in connection with the Closing, the Spire Founders purchased New Spire Class B Common Stock equal to the number of shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock that such Spire Founders received in respect of his or her shares of Spire Capital Stock in the Merger, at a purchase price of $0.0001 per share. New Spire Class B Common Stock will carry nine votes per share, will not have dividend rights, will be entitled to receive a maximum of $0.0001 per share of New Spire Class B Common Stock upon liquidation, will be subject to certain additional restrictions on transfer, and will be subject to forfeiture in certain circumstances.

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Earnout Shares

Following the Closing, former holders of shares of Spire Capital Stock (including shares outstanding as a result of the conversion of the Spire Notes and the Spire Warrants) shall be entitled to receive their pro rata share of up to 8,000,000 additional shares (reduced by the Earnout Shares Allocation Ratio) of New Spire Class A Common Stock if, within a five-year period following the signing date of the Business Combination Agreement, the closing share price of the New Spire Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds any of four thresholds over any 20 trading days within a 30-day trading period (each, a “Milestone”). The Earnout Shares to be issued upon the occurrence of the Milestones are deemed to be an earnout consideration arrangement and are expected to be accounted for as a contingent liability (“Earnout Consideration”) and remeasured to fair value each reporting period as they do not meet the conditions to be accounted for as an equity security. For the purposes of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information, the earnout shares are treated as a contingent liability and have been recorded at their fair value, by applying an Earnout Shares Allocation Ratio. The Earnout Shares Allocation Ratio is estimated to be 0.9126 and therefore we have estimated that 7,300,800 additional shares may be issued. The most significant assumptions impacting the fair value of the earnout liability is the share price at Closing, the expected volatility, and the risk-free interest rate over the Earnout Period.

Following the Merger closing, Earnout Shares of 7,300,800 are excluded from the pro forma net loss per share anti-dilutive table for all the periods and scenarios presented as such shares are not issuable until the triggering events have been achieved.

The PIPE Investment

On February 28, 2021, concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, NavSight entered into the PIPE Subscription Agreements with the PIPE Investors, which included the Sponsor Related PIPE Investors, pursuant to which the PIPE Investors collectively subscribed for 24,500,000 shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock for an aggregate purchase price equal to $245,000 less $7,000 of estimated equity issuance costs associated with the PIPE Investment accounted for as a reduction to additional paid-in capital. The PIPE Investment was consummated immediately prior to the closing of the Merger.

Expected Accounting for the Merger

Notwithstanding the legal form of the Merger pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, the Merger is expected to be accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, NavSight will be treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the consolidated financial statements of New Spire represent a continuation of the consolidated financial statements of Spire, with the Merger treated as the equivalent of Spire issuing stock for the net assets of NavSight, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of NavSight will be stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Merger will be those of Spire. Spire has been determined to be the accounting acquirer based on an evaluation of the following facts and circumstances:

• Spire’s existing stockholders had the greatest voting interest in the combined entity with 86.7% majority interest;

• Certain of Spire’s existing directors and individuals designated by, or representing, Spire stockholders constituted a majority of the initial New Spire Board following the Closing;

• Spire’s former senior management team comprised the majority of the senior management of New Spire;

• New Spire utilizes Spire’s headquarters;

• NavSight assumed the name Spire Global, Inc.; and

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• Spire was the larger entity based on revenue, had a larger employee base, and has substantive business operations.

Spire is in process of assessing the accounting related to the Merger and the treatment related to the Earnout Consideration. Spire is assessing whether the Earnout Consideration should be accounted for as liability classified equity instruments that are earned upon achieving the triggering events, which include events that are not indexed to the common stock of New Spire, and if the arrangements should be recorded as long term. If the Earnout Consideration are accounted for as a liability, then the liability will be recognized at fair value upon the Merger closing and remeasured in future reporting periods through the statement of operations. The Earnout Consideration have been treated as a liability in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements and the fair value has been determined using the most reliable information available.

Spire is in process of assessing the accounting related to the Merger and the treatment related to the Public Warrants, and Private Placement Warrants. Spire is assessing whether the Public Warrants, and Private Placement Warrants should be accounted for as equity or liability classified equity instruments after the closing of the Merger. The Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants have continued to be treated as liability classified in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.

Spire is in process of assessing the accounting related to the allocation of direct and incremental transaction costs between New Spire Common Stock, Public Warrants, Private Placement Warrants, and Earnout Consideration. The transaction costs have been recorded within equity in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements. If direct and incremental transaction costs are allocated to liability classified equity instruments, then expense allocated to the liability classified equity instruments will be recognized upon the Merger closing.

Spire is in process of assessing the accounting related to the New Spire Options and whether the incremental 0.1224 exchange ratio (as compared to the exchange ratio to the New Spire Common stock) provided to Spire Option holders should be accounted for as a modification under ASC 718, Stock-Based Compensation. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements do not reflect any incremental expense related to the New Spire Options.

The final accounting related to the Merger, including the Earnout Consideration, Public Warrants, Private Placement Warrants, transaction costs, and stock option modifications will be finalized by New Spire and reported on in the first reporting period following the consummation of the Merger.

Basis of Pro Forma Presentation

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X as amended by the final rule, Release 33-10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.” The adjustments in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information have been identified and presented to provide relevant information necessary for an illustrative understanding of New Spire upon consummation of the Merger in accordance with GAAP.

Assumptions and estimates underlying the unaudited pro forma adjustments set forth in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information are described in the accompanying notes. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results and financial position that would have been achieved had the Merger occurred on the dates indicated, and does not reflect adjustments for any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies, tax savings or cost savings. Any cash proceeds remaining after the consummation of the Merger and the other events contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement are expected to be used for general corporate purposes. Further, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not purport to project the future operating results or financial position of New Spire following the consummation of the Merger. The unaudited pro forma adjustments represent management’s estimates based on information available

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as of the date of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and are subject to change as additional information becomes available and analyses are performed.

NavSight and Spire have not had any historical relationship prior to the Merger, therefore no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information contained herein reflects the NavSight stockholders approval of the Merger on August 13, 2021 and the NavSight stockholders holding 21,020,425 shares that elected to redeem their shares upon the closing of the Merger.

The New Spire shares outstanding after the Merger do not include 18,099,992 NavSight Warrants (6,600,000 Private Placement Warrants and 11,499,992 Public Warrants) reserved for potential future issuance of New Spire Common Stock as such warrants are only exercisable beginning the later of 30 days after the consummation of the Merger or 12 months after the IPO.

In order to provide a full understanding regarding the calculation of the Per Share Closing Consideration and other pro forma adjustments used in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information, the following supplemental information is provided (see “Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” for a reconciliation of share amounts):

Spire Share Information as of August 13, 2021	Shares
Common Stock (including Spire Founders)		10,824,245	(1)
Series A Preferred Stock		12,671,911
Series B Preferred Stock		4,869,754
Series C Preferred Stock		7,592,402
Spire Warrants		1,397,173
Spire Notes		21,711,021
Shares Subject to Per Share Closing Consideration		59,066,506
Vested Options		5,711,885
Fully Diluted Shares		64,778,391
Vested and Unvested Options Outstanding		12,287,275
Spire Founders Common Stock (included above)		7,019,975
Spire Founders Series A Preferred Stock (included above)		49,210
Total Spire Founders Common and Preferred Stock		7,069,185

⁽¹⁾  Excludes 1,447,118 shares of Spire Common Stock related to the FP Term Loan.

Per Share Closing Consideration Calculation
Closing Consideration (Shares)		110,500,000
Price of Parent Shares	$	10.00
Fully Diluted Shares		64,778,391
Per Share Closing Consideration		1.7058	110,500,000 divided by Fully Diluted Shares
Value of Per Share Consideration	$	17.06	Per Share Closing Consideration times $10.00

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The following summarizes the pro forma ownership of New Spire Class A and B common stock following the merger and PIPE Investment:

	Number of Shares		% Ownership			Number of Votes		% Votes
New Spire Class A shares issued in merger to Spire excluding Spire Founders shares and FP Shares		86,985,913		65.1	%		86,985,913		35.9	%
New Spire Class A shares issued to Spire Founders(1)		12,058,614		9.0	%		12,058,614		5.0	%
Total New Spire Class A shares issued in merger(2)		99,044,527		74.1	%		99,044,527		40.9	%
New Spire Class A shares issued to PIPE investors		24,500,000		18.3	%		24,500,000		10.1	%
New Spire Class A public shares		1,979,515		1.5	%		1,979,515		0.8	%
New Spire Class A shares issued to FP(3)		2,468,493		1.8	%		2,468,493		1.0	%
New Spire Class B shares issued to Spire Founders(4)		12,058,614		0.0	%		108,527,526		44.8	%
NavSight Class B converted to New Spire Class A shares		5,750,000		4.3	%		5,750,000		2.4	%
New Spire Class A and B shares outstanding		145,801,149		100.0	%		242,270,061		100.0	%

(1) Total Spire Founders Common and Preferred Stock of 7,069,185 shares converted at 1.7058.

(2) 58,063,388 Shares Subject to Per Share Closing Consideration (excludes EIB warrants that were not exercised) converted at 1.7058.

(3) 1,447,118 Spire shares granted to FP converted at 1.7058.

(4) New Spire Class B Common Stock will carry nine votes per share, will not have dividend rights, will be entitled to receive a maximum of $0.0001 per share of New Spire Class B Common Stock upon liquidation, will be subject to certain additional restrictions on transfer, and will be subject to forfeiture in certain circumstances.

The pro forma tables above exclude shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock reserved for future issuance upon the exercise 12,287,275 Spire Options and 7,300,800 shares of Earnout Consideration. The following table summarizes the total shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock and New Spire Class B Common Stock issuable to Spire Stockholders and option holders in connection with the Merger.

New Spire Class A shares	99,044,527
New Spire Class B shares	12,058,614
New Spire Class A shares issued to FP	2,468,493
Merger Consideration	113,571,634
Warrants Outstanding	1,551,932
Options Outstanding	22,463,596
Earnout Consideration	7,300,800
Shares Potentially issued to Spire	144,887,962

If the actual facts are different than these assumptions, then the amounts and shares outstanding in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information will be different and those changes could be material.

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET

AS OF JUNE 30, 2021

(in thousands)

			Spire Global, Inc.
	NavSight (Historical)		Historical		Other Transaction Adjustments		Adjusted		Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Note 2)					Pro Forma Combined
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	402	$	36,221	$	—	$	36,221	$	230,026		(B	)	$	266,369
										(210,204	)	(C	)
										238,000		(E	)
										(20,027	)	(I	)
										(8,050	)	(J	)
										1		(M	)
Accounts receivable		—		5,285		—		5,285		—					5,285
Contract Asset		—		846		—		846		—					846
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		187		5,354		—		5,354		(3,454	)	(I	)		2,087
Total current assets		589		47,706		—		47,706		226,292					274,587
Marketable securities held in Trust Account		230,026		—		—		—		(230,026	)	(B	)		—
Property and equipment, net		—		22,555		—		22,555		—					22,555
Intangible assets, net		—		706		—		706		—					706
Restricted Cash, long-term		—		13,205		—		13,205		—					13,205
Other Long-term assets		—		364		—		364		—					364
Total assets	$	230,615	$	84,536	$	—	$	84,536	$	(3,734	)			$	311,417
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expense	$	1,956	$	2,906	$	—	$	2,906	$	(4,524	)	(I	)	$	338
Accrued wages and benefits		—		1,738		—		1,738		—					1,738
Long-term debt, current portion		—		—		—		—		—					—
Current portion of contract liability		—		10,914		—		10,914		—					10,914
Accrued offering costs		52		—		—		—		(52	)	(I	)		—

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			Spire Global, Inc.
	NavSight (Historical)		Historical		Other Transaction Adjustments			Adjusted		Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Note 2)					Pro Forma Combined
Other accrued expenses		—		4,479		—			4,479		(2,203	)	(I	)		2,276
Total current liabilities		2,008		20,037		—			20,037		(6,779	)				15,266
Earnout Consideration		—		—		—			—		78,395		(O	)		78,395
Deferred underwriters’ discount payable		8,050		—		—			—		(8,050	)	(J	)		—
Long-term debt, non-current		—		58,304		(14,863	)(A)		43,441		—					43,441
Convertible notes payable, net		—		71,718		—			71,718		(50,068	)	(G	)		—
											(20,863	)	(G	)
											(1,622	)	(G	)
											112		(G	)
											723		(G	)
Deferred income tax liabilities		—		319		—			319		—					319
Warrant Liability		31,232		—		—			—		—					31,232
Other long-term liabilities		—		14,857		—			14,857		—					14,857
Total liabilities		41,290		165,235		(14,863	)		150,372		(8,152	)				183,510
Class A common stock subject to possible redemption		184,325		—		—			—		(184,325	)	(C	)		—
Stockholders’ (deficit) equity
New Spire class A common stock		—		—		—			—		—		(D	)	$	13
											2		(E	)
											1		(K	)
											10		(L	)
New Spire class B common stock		—		—		—			—		1		(M	)		1
NavSight class A common stock		—		—		—			—		—		(C	)		—
											—		(D	)
											1		(K	)
											(1	)	(K	)
NavSight class B common stock		1		—		—			—		(1	)	(K	)		—
Spire Series A preferred stock		—		52,809		—			52,809		(52,809	)	(H	)		—
Spire Series B preferred stock		—		35,228		—			35,228		(35,228	)	(H	)		—
Spire Series C preferred stock		—		66,113		—			66,113		(66,113	)	(H	)		—
Spire common stock		—		1		—	(A)		1		—		(F	)		—
											2		(G	)
											3		(H	)

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				Spire Global, Inc.
	NavSight (Historical)			Historical			Other Transaction Adjustments			Adjusted			Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Note 2)					Pro Forma Combined
														(6	)	(L	)
Additional paid-in capital		23,713			23,371			14,863	(A)		38,234			(25,879	)	(C	)		386,029
														237,998		(E	)
														—		(F	)
														70,929		(G	)
														154,147		(H	)
														(16,000	)	(I	)
														(4	)	(L	)
														(18,714	)	(N	)
														(78,395	)	(O	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		—			(515	)		—			(515	)		—					(515	)
Accumulated (deficit) equity		(18,714	)		(257,706	)		—			(257,706	)		787		(G	)		(257,621	)
														(702	)	(I	)
														18,714		(N	)
Total stockholders’ (deficit) equity		5,000			(80,699	)		14,863			(65,836	)		188,743					127,907
Total liabilities redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholder’s (deficit) equity	$	230,615		$	84,536		$	—		$	84,536		$	(3,734	)			$	311,417

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

	For the Period from May 29, 2020 (Inception) through December 31, 2020 Navsight (As Restated) (Historical)			Legacy Spire (Historical)			Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Note 2)					Pro Forma Combined
Revenue	$	—		$	28,490		$	—				$	28,490
Cost of Revenue		—			10,285			—					10,285
Gross Profit		—			18,205			—					18,205
Operating expenses
Formation and operating costs	$	1,041		$	—		$	—				$	1,041
Research and development		—			20,751			—					20,751
Sales and Marketing		—			10,279			—					10,279
General and administrative		—			12,520			702		(EE	)		13,222
Loss on satellite deorbit and launch failure		—			666			—					666
Total operating expenses		1,041			44,216			702					45,959
Loss from operations		(1,041	)		(26,011	)		(702	)				(27,754	)
Other income (expense)
Interest income		7			54			(7	)	(GG	)		54
Interest (expense)		—			(6,773	)		(9,273	)	(FF	)		(11,022	)
								5,024		(HH	)
Other income (expense)		(7,837	)		626			—					(7,211	)
Total Other Income (Expense)		(7,830	)		(6,093	)		(4,256	)				(18,179	)
Loss before income taxes		(8,871	)		(32,104	)		(4,958	)				(45,933	)
Income tax provision		—			400			—					400
Net loss	$	(8,871	)	$	(32,504	)	$	(4,958	)			$	(46,333	)
Weighted average share outstanding of Class A common stock		20,212,072								(II	)		133,742,535
Basic and diluted net loss per share (Class A common stock)		—										$	(0.35	)
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, Class A and B Non-redeemable common stock		6,920,082
Basic and diluted net loss per share, Class A and B Non-redeemable common stock	$	(1.28	)
Weighted average shares outstanding of Spire common stock					10,323,839
Basic and diluted net loss per share - Spire common stock				$	(3.15	)

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

FOR SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2021

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

	NavSight (Historical)			Legacy Spire (Historical)			Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Note 2)					Pro Forma Combined
Revenue	$	—		$	18,829		$	—				$	18,829
Cost of Revenue		—			7,055			—					7,055
Gross Profit		—			11,774			—					11,774
Operating expenses
Formation and operating costs	$	1,996		$	—		$	—				$	1,996
Research and development		—			14,109			—					14,109
Sales and Marketing		—			8,795			—					8,795
General and administrative		—			15,290			—					15,290
Loss on satellite deorbit and launch failure		—			—			—					—
Total operating expenses		1,996			38,194			—					40,190
Loss from operations		(1,996	)		(26,420	)		—					(28,416	)
Other income (expense)
Interest income		19			2			(19	)	(BB	)		2
Interest (expense)		—			(5,875	)		(3,909	)	(AA	)		(6,339	)
								3,445		(CC	)
Change in warrant liability fair value		(7,866	)		(10,176	)		—					(18,042	)
Other income (expense)		—			(3,391	)		—					(3,391	)
Total Other Income (Expense)		(7,847	)		(19,440	)		(483	)				(27,770	)
Loss before income taxes		(9,843	)		(45,860	)		(483	)				(56,186	)
Income tax provision		—			700			—					700
Net loss	$	(9,843	)	$	(46,560	)	$	(483	)			$	(56,886	)
Weighted average share outstanding of Class A common stock		19,106,593								(DD	)		133,742,535
Basic and diluted net loss per share (Class A common stock)		—										$	(0.43	)
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, Class A and B Non-redeemable common stock		9,643,407
Basic and diluted net loss per share, Class A and B Non-redeemable common stock	$	(1.02	)
Weighted average shares outstanding of Spire common stock					10,663,811
Basic and diluted net loss per share - Spire common stock				$	(4.37	)

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Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

1. Basis of Presentation

The Merger will be accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, NavSight will be treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of New Spire represent a continuation of the consolidated financial statements of Spire, and the Merger is treated as the equivalent of Spire issuing stock for the net assets of NavSight, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of NavSight will be stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Merger will be presented as those of Spire in future reports of New Spire.

New Spire is currently performing a comprehensive review of the two entities’ accounting policies. As a result of the review, management may identify differences between the accounting policies of the two entities which, when conformed, could have a material impact on the financial statements of the post-combination company.

The pro forma combined provision for income taxes does not necessarily reflect the amounts that would have resulted had the post-combination company filed consolidated income tax returns during the periods presented.

The pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share amounts presented in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations are based upon the number of New Spire shares outstanding, assuming the Merger occurred on January 1, 2020.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 gives pro forma effect to the Other Transaction, Merger and other related events as if they had been consummated on June 30, 2021. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020, gives pro forma effect to the Other Transaction, Merger and other related events as if they had been consummated on January 1, 2020.

The Earnout Consideration is expected to be accounted for as liability-classified equity instruments earned upon achieving the future triggering events, which include events that are not indexed to the common stock of New Spire.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and the accompanying notes have been derived from and should be read in conjunction with:

• The following historical financial statements of NavSight: (a) the historical audited financial statements of NavSight as of December 31, 2020 and for the period from May 29, 2020 (inception) through December 31, 2020, as restated, included elsewhere in this prospectus and (b) the historical unaudited condensed financial statements of NavSight as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and for the period from May 29, 2020 (inception) through June 30, 2020 included elsewhere in this prospectus;

• the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Spire as of June 30, 2021 and for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 included elsewhere in this prospectus and the historical audited consolidated financial statements of Spire as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 and the related notes, which are included in this prospectus; and

• other information relating to NavSight and Spire contained in this prospectus.

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Management has made significant estimates and assumptions in its determination of the pro forma adjustments based on the most reliable information available. As the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared based on these estimates, the final amounts recorded may differ materially from the information presented as additional information becomes available. Management considers this basis of presentation to be reasonable under the circumstances.

One-time direct and incremental transaction costs incurred prior to, or concurrent with, the Closing are reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as a direct reduction to New Spires’s additional paid-in capital and are assumed to be cash settled. The final accounting of the Business Combination, including transaction costs, will be finalized by New Spire and reported in the first reporting period following the Closing.

2. Transaction Accounting Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

Transaction Accounting Adjustments related to the Other Transaction to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

The Other Transaction adjustment included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as of June 30, 2021 reflect the Other Transaction, which occurred after June 30, 2021 which will significantly impact the Per Share Closing Consideration and are therefore reflected as follows:

(A) Consistent with the provisions of the FP Amendment, 873,942 shares of Spire Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share were issued to FP at a conversion price. The fair value of the shares of $14,863 was recognized as a deferred financing cost and additional paid in capital. These shares were then subject to the recapitalization at the exchange ratio (see (L)).

Transaction Accounting Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet

The transaction accounting adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 are as follows:

(B) Reflects the reclassification of $230,026 of cash and investments held in the Trust Account of NavSight to cash and cash equivalents which became available for general use by New Spire following the Merger.

(C) Reflects the redemption of 21,020,485 NavSight Class A Common Stock shares at a redemption price of $10.00 per share based on funds of $230,027 held in the trust account as of August 11, 2021.

(D) Reflects the conversion of the remaining 1,979,515 shares of NavSight Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, into shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, on a one-to-one-basis.

(E) Reflects the gross proceeds of $245,000, less issuance costs of $7,000, from the issuance and sale of 24,500,000 shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share at $10.00 per share pursuant to the PIPE Investment.

(F) Reflects the net exercise of 487,375 equity-classified Spire Warrants issued in conjunction with historical debt financings, for 394,159 shares of Spire Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share (See (L) for conversion into New Spire Class A Common Stock).

(G) Reflects the conversion of the Spire Notes issued prior to 2021 with a historical net carrying value of $50,068 (including accrued interest of $7,184) with a conversion rate of 2.480 and the 2021 Spire Notes with a net carrying value of $20,863 (including accrued interest of $863) with a conversion rate of 13.647 into 21,711,021 Spire Common Stock shares par value $0.0001 per share based on the applicable conversion rates. The $723 represents interest accrued from June 30, 2021 to the closing date but included in the carrying value of the Spire Notes for purposes of the conversion calculation. This accrued interest

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and $112 of unamortized issuance costs were written off to accumulated deficit, and offset by an elimination of $1,622 in accrued balloon payment (See (L) for conversion into New Spire Class A Common Stock).

(H) Reflects the conversion of all Spire Preferred Stock (12,671,911 shares of Series A preferred, 4,869,754 shares of Series B preferred, and 7,592,402 shares of Series C preferred) into 25,134,067 Spire Common Stock shares pursuant to the conversion rate for such shares of Spire Preferred Stock effective immediately prior to the Closing (See (L) for conversion into New Spire Class A Common Stock).

(I) Of the estimated $21,000 in transaction costs, $5,000 relates to costs that are expensed; as such, approximately $16,000 in transaction costs are eliminated against additional paid-in capital. Of the $5,000 in expensed costs, for pro forma purposes $702 is assumed to have been incurred in the year ended December 31, 2020 (see (EE)). The remainder of $4,298 represents costs already expensed as general and administrative costs within Spire’s historical unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021. As of June 30, 2021, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet reflects (i) the reduction of cash of $(20,027), (ii) removal of $(3,454) of deferred transaction costs from Prepaid expenses and other current assets previously capitalized by Spire as of June 30, 2021, (iii) reduction of $4,524 from Accounts payable and accrued expenses and $2,203 and $52 from Other accrued expenses for transaction costs incurred but not yet paid, (iv) $16,000 to Additional Paid-in Capital for costs directly related to the transaction and (v) $702 to accumulated (deficit) equity for the remaining transaction costs estimated to be incurred which are not subject to be deferred and capitalized as part of the transaction.

(J) Reflects an $8,050 cash payment of the deferred underwriters’ discount related to the IPO of NavSight which is due and payable upon the Closing.

(K) Reflects the conversion of 5,750,000 shares of NavSight Class B Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share to 5,750,000 shares of NavSight Class A Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share and then to 5,750,000 shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share at a one-to-one ratio.

(L) Reflects the recapitalization of equity as a result of the exchange of 10,824,245 shares of Spire Common Stock, 394,159 shares of converted Spire Warrants, 21,711,021 shares of converted Spire Notes, 25,134,067 converted Spire Preferred Stock and 1,447,118 Spire Common Stock issued to FP (total shares of 59,510,610 for 101,513,020 shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share recapitalized at the Per Share Closing Consideration ratio of 1.7058).

(M) Reflects the receipt of $1.206 from Spire Founders in order to exercise their right to purchase 12,058,614 shares of New Spire Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Prior to Closing, the Spire Founders held 7,069,185 shares of Spire Capital Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, which was recapitalized to 12,058,614 shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock par value $0.0001 per share. The Spire Founders purchased shares of New Spire Class B Common Stock, which was equal to the number of their shares of New Spire Class A Common Stock at the stated price of $0.0001 per share.

(N) Reflects the elimination of NavSight’s historical accumulated deficit with a corresponding adjustment to additional paid-in capital for New Spire in connection with the reverse recapitalization.

(O) Reflects the fair value of $78,395 for the Earnout Shares issuable to Spire Stockholders upon the occurrence of a Triggering Event. The fair value of these shares was determined using the most reliable information available. For more information, see Note 4.

Transaction Accounting Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations

The transaction accounting adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 are as follows:

(AA) Represents the establishment of six months of interest expense for the amended FP Term Loan at a fixed 9.0% rate, offset by elimination of interest expense of $727 historically incurred on the original FP Term Loan. Additionally, six months of amortization of deferred issuance costs for $1,486 was recognized.

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(BB) Reflects the elimination of interest income on investments held in the Trust Account.

(CC) Reflects the elimination of interest expense, amortized issuance costs and accrued balloon payment for the 2019 Spire Notes and the 2021 Spire Notes. No balloon payments were accruing on the 2021 Spire Notes.

(DD) Reflects the increase in the weighted average shares of New Spire Common Stock outstanding due to the issuance of New Spire Class A Common Stock in connection with the Merger and PIPE Investment.

The transaction accounting adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 are as follows:

(EE) Reflects $702 of Merger costs to be expensed (see (I)).

(FF) Represents the establishment of interest expense for the FP Term Loan at a fixed 9.0% rate as well as recognition of amortization of deferred issuance costs of $2,973.

(GG) Reflects the elimination of interest income on investments held in the Trust Account.

(HH) Reflects the elimination of interest expense, amortized issuance costs and accrued balloon payment, offset by write-off of unamortized issuance costs of $352, for the 2019 Spire Notes.

(II) Reflects the increase in the weighted average shares of New Spire Common Stock outstanding due to the issuance of New Spire Class A Common Stock in connection with the Merger and PIPE Investment.

3. Loss per Share

Represents the net loss per share calculated using the historical weighted average shares of Spire Common Stock outstanding, and the issuance of additional shares in connection with the Merger and Other Transaction, assuming the shares were outstanding since January 1, 2020. As the Merger and Other Transaction are being reflected as if they had occurred at the beginning of the period presented, the calculation of weighted average shares outstanding for basic and diluted net loss per share assumes that the shares issuable in connection with the Merger and Other Transaction have been outstanding for the entire period presented. Basic and diluted loss per share for New Spire Class A Common Stock and New Spire Class B Common Stock are the same, as each class of common stock is entitled to the same dividend participation rights and economic terms. No unexercised stock options and warrants were included in the earnings per share calculation as they would be anti-dilutive.

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2021			Year Ended December 31, 2020
	Pro Forma Combined			Pro Forma Combined
Pro Forma net Loss	$	(56,886	)	$	(46,333	)
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted		133,742,535			133,742,535
Net loss per share - basic and diluted	$	(0.43	)	$	(0.35	)
New Spire Class A shares public shares		1,979,515			1,979,515
New Spire Class A shares issued to FP		2,468,493			2,468,493
NavSight Class B shares converted to New Spire Class A shares		5,750,000			5,750,000
New Spire Class A shares issued to PIPE investors		24,500,000			24,500,000
New Spire Class A shares issued in merger to Spire excluding Spire Founders shares and FP		86,985,913			86,985,913
New Spire Class A shares issued to Spire Founders		12,058,614			12,058,614
New Spire Class A Shares outstanding		133,742,535			133,742,535

The Company’s potential dilutive securities (unexercised options and contingent consideration) have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as the effect would be to reduce the net loss per

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share. Therefore, the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate both basic and diluted net loss per share is the same.

4. Earnout Consideration

The Earnout obligations to issue the Earnout Consideration are expected to be accounted for as liability-classified instruments that are earned upon achieving certain triggering events, which includes a change in control event that is not solely indexed to the New Spire Common Stock. The estimated fair value of the Earnout Consideration is $78,395.

The estimated fair value of the Earnout Consideration was determined by using a Monte Carlo simulation valuation model using a distribution of potential outcomes on a monthly basis over a five-year period. The fair value of Earnout Consideration was determined using the most reliable information available. Assumptions used in the valuation were as follows:

• Current stock price: The stock price was set at $9.93 per share based on the closing price per share of NavSight Class A Common Stock as of August 16, 2021, the valuation date.

• Expected volatility: The volatility rate was determined by using an average of historical volatilities of selected industry peers deemed to be comparable to our business over a five-year period.

• Risk-free interest rate: The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of issuance for zero-coupon U.S. Treasury notes with five-year maturities.

• Expected term: The expected term is five years.

• Expected dividend yield: The expected dividend yield is zero as New Spire has never declared or paid cash dividends and have no current plans to do so during the expected term.

The actual fair values of the Earnout Consideration Shares are subject to change as additional information becomes available and additional analyses are performed and such changes could be material.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis provide information that we believe is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our results of operations and financial condition. You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2021 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2020, our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors. We discuss factors that we believe could cause or contribute to these differences below and elsewhere in this prospectus, including those set forth in the sections titled “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Our fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are referred to herein as fiscal year 2020 and fiscal year 2019, respectively. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to “the Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” and similar terms refer to Spire and its subsidiaries prior to the consummation of the Business Combination.

Overview

We are a global provider of space-based data and analytics that offers unique datasets and powerful insights about Earth from the ultimate vantage point—space—so organizations can make decisions with confidence, accuracy, and speed. We use a growing multi-purpose satellite constellation to source hard to acquire, valuable data and enrich it with predictive solutions. We then provide this data as a subscription to organizations around the world so they can improve business operations, decrease their environmental footprint, deploy resources for growth and competitive advantage, and mitigate risk. We give commercial and government organizations the competitive advantage they seek to innovate and solve some of the world’s toughest problems with insights from space.

We collect this space-based data through our proprietary constellation of 120 LEMUR nanosatellites to deliver proprietary data, insights and predictive analytics to customers as a subscription. In June 2021, our fully deployed satellite constellation covered the earth over 200 times per day on average and our global ground station network performed over 2,100 contacts each day on average, reliably and resiliently collecting data with low latency. Our cloud-based data infrastructure processed over six terabytes of data each day on average in June 2021, in creating our proprietary data analytics solutions. We deliver these solutions through an API infrastructure that delivers approximately two terabytes of data each day to our customers. The global data we collect includes data that can only be captured from space with no terrestrial alternatives. We collect this data once and are able to sell it an unlimited number of times across a broad and growing set of industries, including aviation and maritime, with global coverage and near real-time data that can be easily integrated into customer business operations. Our four main solutions comprise: Maritime, Aviation, Weather, and Space Services.

Our platform applies our value-add insights and predictive analytics to this proprietary data to create commercially valuable datasets. We offer three data solutions to our customers, which vary in complexity and price and can be delivered in near real-time via our API that can be easily integrated into our customers’ business operations:

• Maritime: Precise space-based data used for highly accurate ship monitoring, ship safety and route optimization.

• Aviation: Precise space-based data used for highly accurate aircraft monitoring, aircraft safety and route optimization.

• Weather: Precise space-based data used for highly accurate weather forecasting.

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For each data solution, we have the capability to offer customers a variety of features and additional value. The three forms of data we monetize are:

• Clean data: Clean and structured data directly off our proprietary nanosatellites;

• Smart data: Clean data fused with third-party datasets and proprietary analysis to enhance value and provide insights; and

• Predictive solutions: Big data, AI, and ML algorithms applied to fused data sets to create predictive analytics and insights.

These value-add data features allow customers to solve various use cases and provides a path to expand throughout the customer’s relationship.

As our fourth solution, we are also pioneering an innovative business model through our Space Services solution. We provide multiple deliverables to a customer, most commonly when a contract covers multiple phases of the Space Services solution (e.g. development, manufacturing, launch and satellite operations). Our customers can begin receiving data in less than a year after engaging with us through this business model and then receive updated data by entering into a separate subscription agreement if they choose.

Our four main solutions are offered to customers across numerous industries and we not only have the opportunity to upsell within each one, but we also have the opportunity to cross-sell amongst the four solutions.

We provide our solutions to global customers through a subscription model or project-based deliverables. We currently sell directly to end customers and utilize reseller partners to a limited degree.

Highlights from the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

• Our revenue was $18.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021, an increase of 34% from the six months ended June 30, 2020.

• Gross margin for the six months ended June 30, 2021 was 63%, up from 62% one year ago, an improvement of 100 basis points.

• ARR as of June 30, 2021 of $36.6 million, an increase of 36% from June 30, 2020. For the definition of ARR, see the section titled “—Key Business Metrics.”

• We had 187 ARR Customers under contract as of June 30, 2021, a 68% increase from the number of ARR Customers under contract as of June 30, 2020. For the definition of ARR Customers, see the section titled “—Key Business Metrics.”

• We had 202 ARR Solution Customers under contract as of June 30, 2021, a 73% increase from the number of ARR Solution Customers under contract as of June 30, 2020. For the definition of ARR Solution Customers, see the section titled “—Key Business Metrics.”

Highlights from Fiscal Year 2020

• Our revenue was $28.5 million during fiscal year 2020, a 54% increase from fiscal year 2019.

• Gross margin for fiscal 2020 was 64%, up from 20% one year ago, an improvement of 44 percentage points year-over-year.

• ARR for fiscal year 2020 of $36.2 million, a 104% increase from fiscal year 2019. For the definition of ARR, see the section titled “—Key Business Metrics.”

• We had 144 ARR Customers under contract for fiscal year 2020, a 76% increase from fiscal year 2019. For the definition of ARR Customers, see the section titled “—Key Business Metrics.”

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• We had 154 ARR Solution Customers under contract for fiscal year 2020, an 81% increase from fiscal year 2019. For the definition of ARR Solution Customers, see the section titled “—Key Business Metrics.”

COVID-19 Impact

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a pandemic, which continues to spread throughout the U.S. and the world and has resulted in authorities implementing numerous measures to contain the virus, including travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter-in-place orders, and business limitations and shutdowns. While we are unable to accurately predict the full impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will have on our operating results, financial condition, liquidity and cash flows due to numerous uncertainties, including the duration and severity of the pandemic or any resurgences of the pandemic locally or globally, our compliance with these measures has impacted our day-to-day operations and could continue to disrupt our business and operations, as well as that of certain of our customers whose industries are more severely impacted by these measures, for an indefinite period of time. Through the six months ended June 30, 2021, we have experienced adverse changes in customer buying behavior that began in March 2020 as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including decreased customer engagement, delayed sales cycles, and deterioration in near-term demand. In 2021, the Delta variant of COVID-19 has become the dominant strain in numerous countries around the world, including the United States, and is believed to be more contagious than other previously identified COVID-19 strains. Despite these headwinds, we experienced an increase in revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020. As a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, we experienced delays and re-work due to third party satellite launch providers schedule shifts, delays and increased expenses in our hiring process and additional time and expenses supporting customer contracts.

To support the health and well-being of our employees, customers, partners and communities, many of our employees continue to work remotely. As of August 31, 2021, where permissible under local regulations, we are permitting employees to return to our offices. However, our offices will only remain open to the extent local authorities permit us to do so and our own criteria and conditions to ensure employee health and safety are satisfied, including social distancing and enhanced cleaning protocols. While we have developed plans for our employees to begin safely returning to their respective offices, we cannot predict when or how we will be able to completely lift the work from home requirements or other COVID-19 related restrictions for geographic areas that continue to be significantly impacted by the pandemic or certain other actions taken as part of our business continuity plans, including travel restrictions. We may also have to reinstate work from home requirements in response to further changes in local regulations in connection with developments in the COVID-19 pandemic. While the adjustments to our operations may result in inefficiencies, delays and additional costs in our solution development, sales, marketing, and customer support efforts, as of the date of this filing, we do not believe our work from home protocol has materially adversely impacted our internal controls, financial reporting systems or our operations.

In response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we initially implemented plans to manage our costs. In fiscal year 2020, for part of the year, we temporarily limited the addition of new employees and third-party contracted services, curtailed most travel expenses except where critical to the business, and acted to limit discretionary spending. As we obtained further visibility of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, we lifted some of these limitations to support our growth. Although we continue to monitor the situation and may adjust our current policies as more information and public health guidance become available, the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and/or the precautionary measures that we, our customers and governmental authorities have adopted have resulted in, and could continue to result in, customers not purchasing or renewing our solutions or services, delays or lengthening of our sales cycles, and reductions in average transaction sizes, and could negatively affect our customer success and sales and marketing efforts, or create operational or other challenges, any of which could harm our business and operating results. Because our solutions have future obligations and a portion of that revenue is recognized over time, the effect of the pandemic may not be fully

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reflected in our operating results until future periods. Our competitors could experience similar or different impacts as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which could result in changes to our competitive landscape. While we have developed and continue to develop plans to help mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic on our business, these efforts may not be effective, and any protracted economic downturn could significantly affect our business and operating results. We will continue to evaluate the nature and extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic to our business. For additional information regarding the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, see the section titled “Risk Factors.”

Recent Developments

On September 13, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement with exactEarth Ltd., a leading provider of global maritime vessel data for ship tracking and maritime situational awareness solutions in Canada, and Spire Global Canada Acquisition Corp., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Spire Global, Inc. in the providence of British Columbia, Canada, pursuant to which we will acquire exactEarth for an estimated purchase price of approximately $161.2 million, consisting of (i) $103.4 million in cash on hand, and (ii) $57.8 million of shares of our Class A common stock (or approximately 5,234,857 shares), in each case upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the definitive agreement. The Proposed Acquisition is subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of certain regulatory approvals; the approval of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice (Commercial List); the approval by not less than two-thirds of the votes cast at a special meeting of exactEarth shareholders, which is expected to take place in November 2021; no material adverse effect having occurred in respect of either us or exactEarth; and dissent rights not having been exercised with respect to more than 10% of exactEarth’s outstanding common shares. The Proposed Acquisition is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2021 or the first quarter of 2022.

Key Factors Affecting Our Performance

We believe that our current and future performance are dependent on many factors, including, but not limited to, those described below. While these areas present significant opportunity, they also present risks that we must manage to achieve successful results. For additional information about these risks, see the section titled “Risk Factors.” If we are unable to address these risks, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

Expansion of and Further Penetration of Our Customer Base

We employ a “land and expand” business model that focuses on efficiently acquiring new customers (“land”) and then growing our relationships with these customers over time (“expand”). We have the capability to offer customers additional data sets and a variety of enhanced features that potentially grow the value of the services our customers contract with us. Our future revenue growth and our path to profitability are dependent upon our ability to continue to land new customers and then expand adoption of our solutions within their organizations.

We track our progress landing new customers by measuring the number of ARR Solution Customers we have from one fiscal period to the next. For instance, we increased our number of ARR Solution Customers to 202 as of June 30, 2021, from 117 as of June 30, 2020. Similarly, we increased our number of ARR Solution Customers from 154 for fiscal year 2020 to 85 for fiscal year 2019. We track our progress in expanding our customer relationships by measuring our ARR Net Retention Rate. For the definition of ARR Net Retention Rate, see the section titled “—Key Business Metrics.” Our ARR Net Retention Rate was 114% for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 157% for the six months ended June 30, 2020. Our ARR Net Retention Rate was 145% for fiscal year 2020 and 162% for fiscal year 2019.

Expansion into New Industries and Geographies

As our solutions have grown, we continue to focus on further penetration of our initial industries including maritime, aviation, logistics and government (civil and defense/intelligence) among others. We believe our technology and solutions give us the ability to also expand into additional industries, including energy, financial services, agriculture, transportation, and insurance (for additional information, see the section titled “—Our Solution Offerings”), and geographies, including Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East. Our revenue

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growth is dependent upon our ability to continue to expand into new industries and geographies. The costs associated with these expansions may adversely affect our operating results.

Investment in Growth

We continue investing in growing our business and capitalizing on our market opportunity while balancing the uncertainties from the COVID-19 pandemic. We intend to continue to add headcount to our global sales and marketing teams to acquire new customers and to increase sales to existing customers and we intend to continue to add headcount to our research and development teams and otherwise invest to improve and innovate our nanosatellite, ground station and data analytics technologies. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, our spending in research and development increased by $4.8 million, or 51% from the six months ended June 30, 2020. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, our sales and marketing expense increased by $4.0 million, or 84% from the six months ended June 30, 2020. Our total headcount across all functions has increased from 221 employees as of June 30, 2020 to 303 employees as of June 30, 2021. For fiscal year 2020, our spending in research and development increased by $5.7 million, or 38% from fiscal year 2019. For fiscal year 2020, our sales and marketing expense increased by $4.9 million, or 94% from fiscal year 2019. Our total headcount across all functions has increased from 203 employees at the end of fiscal year 2019 to 251 employees at the end of fiscal year 2020. We believe that these investments will contribute to our long-term growth. The costs of these investments may adversely affect our operating results.

Acquisitions

Our business strategy may include acquiring other complementary solutions, technologies, or businesses that we believe will allow us to reduce the time or costs required to develop new technologies, incorporate enhanced functionality into and complement our existing solution offerings, augment our engineering workforce, and enhance our technological capabilities.

Impact of Foreign Exchange Rates

We report in U.S. dollars, and the functional currency of our foreign operating subsidiaries is the local currency, including the Euro, the British Pound, and the Singapore Dollar. Many of these currencies have strengthened significantly against the U.S. dollar since the six months ended June 30, 2020. For the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately 51% of our revenues were generated in non-U.S. dollar-denominated currencies in each period. For fiscal years 2020 and 2019, approximately 56% and 54% of our revenues were generated in non-U.S. dollar-denominated currencies, respectively. The financial statements of these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at each balance sheet date for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during the period for revenues and expenses. To the extent we experience significant currency fluctuations, our results of operations may be impacted.

Key Business Metrics

We review the following key business metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate business plans, and make strategic decisions:

• ARR

• ARR Customers

• ARR Solution Customers

• ARR Net Retention Rate

Annual Recurring Revenue

We define ARR as our expected annualized revenue from customers that are under contract with us at the end of the reporting period with a binding and renewable agreement for our subscription solutions, or a customer that

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has a binding multi-year contract that can range from components of our Space Services solution to a bespoke customer solution. These customers are considered recurring when they have signed a multi-year binding agreement that has a renewable component in the contract or a customer that has multiple contracts that we continue to have under contract over multiple years.

Our ARR growth in the periods presented has been driven by both landing new ARR Customers along with increasing the amount of business with our existing customers. This is reflected in the increase in the total number of ARR Customers as well as ARR Net Retention Rates that have been over 100% for the periods presented. Due in part to the timing of some of our project-based contracts, including when engagements start and stop, our ARR has fluctuated from period to period in the past, and we expect our ARR to fluctuate from period to period in the future.

The following table summarizes our ARR for each fiscal period end indicated.

								Fiscal Year
	June 30, 2021		June 30, 2020		% Change			2020		2019		% Change
ARR	$	36,590	$	26,810		36	%	$	36,179	$	17,707		104	%

Number of ARR Customers and ARR Solution Customers

We define an ARR Customer as an entity that has a contract with us, that is either a binding and renewable agreement for our subscription solutions, or a binding multi-year contract as of the measurement date independent of the number of solutions the entity has under contract. All entities that have customer contracts for data trials are excluded from the calculation of ARR Customers. A single organization with separate subsidiaries, segments, or divisions may represent multiple customers, as we treat each entity that is invoiced separately as an individual customer. In cases where customers subscribe to our platform through our reseller partners, each end customer that meets the above definition is counted separately as an ARR Customer.

We define an ARR Solution Customer similarly to an ARR Customer, but we count every solution the customer has with us separately. As a result, the count of ARR Solution Customers exceeds the count of ARR Customers in each year as some customers contract with us for multiple solutions. Our multiple solutions customers are those customers that are under contract for at least two of our solutions: Maritime, Aviation, Weather, and Space Services.

Our ARR Customer and ARR Solution Customer growth in the periods presented have been driven by landing new ARR Customers across our four solutions (Maritime, Aviation, Weather and Space Services) and expanding our geographical footprint, along with having a low number of customers who have chosen not to renew their contracts with us. We believe that our ability to expand our customer base is a key indicator of our market penetration, the growth of our business, and our future potential business opportunities.

The following table summarizes the number of our ARR Customers and ARR Solution Customers for each fiscal period end indicated:

								Fiscal Year
	June 30, 2021		June 30, 2020		% Change			2020		2019		% Change
ARR Customers		187		111		68	%		144		82		76	%
ARR Solution Customers		202		117		73	%		154		85		81	%

ARR Net Retention Rate

We calculate our ARR Net Retention Rate for a particular fiscal period end by dividing (i) our ARR from those ARR Customers that were also customers as of the last day of the prior fiscal period end by (ii) the ARR from all

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customers as of the last day of the prior fiscal period. This calculation measures the overall impact from increases in customer contract value (upsells), the decreases in customer contract value (downsells), and the decreases in customer value resulting from customers that have chosen not to renew their contracts with us.

The following table summarizes our ARR Net Retention Rate for each fiscal period end indicated:

	For the Six Months Ended									Fiscal Year
	June 30, 2021			June 30, 2020			% Change			2020			2019			% Change
ARR Net Retention Rate		114	%		157	%		(43	)%		145	%		162	%		(17	)%

Our ARR Net Retention Rate can be impacted from period to period by large increases or decreases in customer contract value and large decreases in contract value from customers that have chosen not to renew their contracts with us. An ARR Net Retention Rate greater than 100% is an indication that we are growing the value of the solutions our customers are purchasing from us from a fiscal period end versus the prior fiscal period end. An ARR Net Retention Rate less than 100% is an indication that we are reducing the value of the solutions our customers are purchasing from us from a fiscal period end versus the prior fiscal period end.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

We derive revenue from providing data, insights, and access to our cloud-based technology platform sold on a subscription basis. Some of our customer arrangements include the delivery of specific performance obligations and subsequent customer acceptance of project-based deliverables, which may impact the timing of revenue recognition. Subscription periods for our solutions generally range from one to two years and are typically non-cancelable, with customers having the right to terminate their agreements only if we materially breach our obligations under the agreement. Our subscription fees are typically billed either monthly or quarterly in advance.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue consists primarily of personnel costs, depreciation, hosted infrastructure and high-power computing costs, and third-party royalty costs associated with delivering our data and services to our customers. Personnel costs are primarily related to the cost of our employees supporting and managing our constellation operations including satellite operations, ground station control and launch management. Costs associated with the manufacture and launch of our satellites, including personnel costs, are capitalized and depreciated upon placement in service, typically over a three-year expected useful life. As satellites reach their expected useful end of life, they are generally replaced with replenishment satellites to try to keep our constellation at optimal performance. We anticipate on-going capital spending to replenish satellites as they reach their end of useful life, but the depreciation cost will remain roughly flat on an annual basis due to older assets ending their useful life while new assets start their useful life. Therefore, we do not believe there will be a material impact to our profitability as we replenish our existing LEMUR constellation. Costs associated with the acquisition and development of new ground stations, including the bill of materials and labor to install the ground station, are capitalized and depreciated upon placement in service typically over a four-year expected useful life. We anticipate on-going capital spending to repair and replenish ground stations as they reach their end of useful life to try to keep our ground station network at optimal performance. Our proprietary ground station network is primarily located in third-party locations where we incur lease and other operational charges. Cost of revenue also includes royalties associated with third-party data sets that we integrate into our data solutions.

Operating Expenses

Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses, third-party consulting fees, and computing costs. Our research and development efforts are focused on improving

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our satellite technology, developing new data sets, developing new algorithms and enhancing our smart and predictive analytics, and enhancing the ease of use and utility of our space-based data solutions.

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses, sales commissions, marketing and advertising costs, costs incurred in the development of customer relationships, brand development costs and travel-related expenses. Commission costs on new customer contract bookings are considered costs of obtaining customer contracts. Commission costs for multi-year deals, are considered contract acquisition costs and are deferred and then amortized over the period of the contract excluding the last 12 months which is expensed at the beginning of that final period. Commission costs on contracts completed with a term of twelve months or less are expensed in the period incurred.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist of employee-related expenses for personnel in our executive, finance and accounting, facilities, legal, human resources, global supply chain, and management information systems functions, as well as other administrative employees. In addition, general and administrative expenses include fees related to third-party legal counsel, fees related to accounting, tax and audit costs, office facilities costs, software subscription costs, and other corporate costs.

Loss on Satellite Deorbit and Launch Failure. Loss on Satellite Deorbit and Launch Failure consists of the write-off of the remaining capitalized costs associated with the manufacture and launch of our satellites prior to the end of the satellite’s useful life. We contract with third-party companies to launch, carry, and deploy our LEMUR satellites into space. A loss could result from a third-party launch or deployer failure, a technical failure of the satellite, or the deorbit of a satellite before the end of the satellite’s useful life. A technical failure could include a satellite that is not able to communicate with our network of ground stations or fulfill its intended technical mission for a duration greater than one month. The loss amount is presented net of any insurance claims received. We did not incur any of these expenses in the six months ended June 30, 2021 nor in six months ended June 30, 2020.

Other Income (Expense)

Interest Income. Interest Income includes interest earned on our cash balances.

Interest Expense. Interest Expense includes interest costs associated with our promissory and convertible notes, and amortization of deferred financing and debt issuance costs and could include expense associated with changes in the fair value of the embedded debt derivative.

Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liabilities. Includes mark-to-market adjustments to reflect changes in fair value of warrant liabilities.

Other Income (Expense), Net. Other Income (Expense), Net consists primarily of tax credits, grant income, the impact of foreign exchange gains and losses, benefit from loan forgiveness, loss on debt extinguishment, and sales and local taxes. We use the local currency as our functional currency for Luxembourg, United Kingdom, and Singapore.

Income Tax Provision

Provision for income taxes consists of federal and certain state income taxes in the United States and income taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions. We do not provide for income taxes on undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries since we intend to invest these earnings outside of the United States permanently. We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method, whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.

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Results of Operations

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 and Fiscal Year 2020 Compared to Fiscal Year 2019

The following tables set forth selected consolidated statement of operations data and such data as a percentage of total revenues for each of the periods indicated:

	Six Months Ended						Fiscal Year
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021			June 30, 2020			2020			2019
Revenue	$	18,829		$	14,037		$	28,490		$	18,491
Cost of revenue(1)		7,055			5,395			10,285			14,874
Gross profit		11,774			8,642			18,205			3,617
Operating expenses(1):
Research and development		14,109			9,354			20,751			15,071
Sales and marketing		8,795			4,788			10,279			5,305
General and administrative		15,290			5,744			12,520			10,316
Loss on satellite deorbit and launch failure		—			—			666			2,372
Total operating expenses		38,194			19,886			44,216			33,064
Loss from operations		(26,420	)		(11,244	)		(26,011	)		(29,447	)
Other income (expense):
Interest income		2			45			54			186
Interest expense		(5,875	)		(2,957	)		(6,773	)		(3,314	)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		(10,176	)		—			(198	)		—
Other income (expense), net		(3,391	)		(455	)		824			590
Total other expense, net		(19,440	)		(3,367	)		(6,093	)		(2,538	)
Loss before income taxes		(45,860	)		(14,611	)		(32,104	)		(31,985	)
Income tax provision		700			105			400			334
Net loss	$	(46,560	)	$	(14,716	)	$	(32,504	)	$	(32,319	)

(1) Includes stock-based compensation as follows:

	Six Months Ended				Fiscal Year
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021		June 30, 2020		2020		2019
Cost of revenue	$	44	$	17	$	39	$	35
Research and development		1,252		443		1,000		827
Sales and marketing		728		145		327		246
General and administrative		2,476		315		794		782
Total stock-based compensation	$	4,501	$	920	$	2,160	$	1,890

Revenue

	Six Months Ended				% Change			Fiscal Year				% Change
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021		June 30, 2020					2020		2019
Revenue	$	18,829	$	14,037		34	%	$	28,490	$	18,491		54	%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

Total revenue increased $4.8 million, or 34%, driven primarily by the growth in the number of ARR Customers combined with our ARR Net Retention Rate greater than 100%. Our ARR Customers increased 68%, from 111

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as of June 30, 2020, to 187 as of June 30, 2021. Our ARR Net Retention Rate was 114% for the six months ended June 30, 2021, which contributed to an increase in revenue from our existing customer base.

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, we derived 53% of our revenue from Europe, Middle East, Africa (“EMEA”), 31% of our revenue from the Americas, and 16% of our revenue from Asia Pacific (“APAC”). For the six months ended June 30, 2020, we derived 52% of our revenue from EMEA, 37% of our revenue from the Americas, and 11% of our revenue from APAC. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, we derived 43% of our revenue from subscription arrangements. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, we derived 30% of our revenue from subscription arrangements. This percentage mix can fluctuate significantly from period to period driven primarily by the timing of the recognition of project-based deliverables in our contracts, as well as the timing of historical data buys by customers.

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, our increase in the number of ARR Customers and our ARR Net Retention Rate greater than 100% was driven by our increased spending on sales and marketing activities and the development and rollout of new data solutions.

Fiscal 2020 Compared to Fiscal 2019

Total revenue increased $10.0 million, or 54%, driven primarily by the growth in the number of ARR Customers combined with our ARR Net Retention Rate greater than 100%. Our ARR Customers increased 76%, from 82 as of fiscal year 2019 to 144 as of fiscal year 2020. This growth in new ARR Customers drove $5.9 million or 59% of the fiscal year 2020 revenue growth. Our ARR Net Retention Rate was 145% during fiscal year 2020, which contributed to an increase in revenue from our existing customer base. For fiscal year 2020, we derived 50% of our revenue from EMEA, 38% of our revenue from the Americas and 12% of our revenue from APAC. For fiscal year 2019, we derived 56% of our revenue from EMEA, 39% of our revenue from the Americas, and 5% of our revenue from APAC. For fiscal year 2020, we derived 27% of our revenue from subscription arrangements. For fiscal year 2019, we derived 19% of our revenue from subscription arrangements. This percentage mix can fluctuate significantly from period to period driven primarily by the timing of the recognition of project-based deliverables in our contracts, as well as the timing of historical data buys.

For fiscal 2020, our increase in the number of ARR Customers and our ARR Net Retention Rate greater than 100% was driven by our increased spending on sales and marketing activities and the development and rollout of new data solutions.

Over time, we expect the mix of our total revenues in the Americas and APAC to increase with additional sales and marketing focus in those regions.

Cost of Revenue

	Six Months Ended						% Change			Fiscal Year						% Change
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021			June 30, 2020						2020			2019
Total cost of revenue	$	7,055		$	5,395			31	%	$	10,285		$	14,874			(31	)%
Gross profit	$	11,774		$	8,642			36	%	$	18,205		$	3,617			403	%
Gross margin		63	%		62	%		1	%		64	%		20	%		44	%
Headcount (at period end)		18			20			(2	)%		19			22			(3	)%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

Cost of revenue increased $1.7 million, or 31%, primarily due to an increase in depreciation expense of $0.8 million, an increase in third party royalty costs of $0.8 million. The increase in depreciation was driven by net growth in our satellite constellation. The increase in third party royalty costs was driven by an increase in sales activity resulting in higher payments to third-party data set providers as they augment our data solutions.

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Gross margin for the six months ended June 30, 2021, and six months ended June 30, 2020, was 63% and 62%, respectively. The increase in six months ended June 30, 2021, gross margin compared to the prior period was primarily due to the revenue growth outpacing the depreciation cost of new technology infrastructure asset additions and third-party royalty costs.

Fiscal 2020 Compared to Fiscal 2019

Cost of revenue decreased $4.6 million, or 31%, primarily due to a decrease in depreciation expense. Depreciation expense decreased from the prior year as a smaller number of satellites and launch cost were placed in service in fiscal years 2020 relative to previous years as our constellation has approached scale. Additionally, our depreciation expense decreased in fiscal year 2020 compared to the prior year due to a change in the depreciable life schedule on new satellites placed in service from two years to three years as we have improved quality in the design and manufacture process that we implemented during fiscal year 2019. This policy change reflected improvements in our satellite technology leading to a longer expected useful life. The net decrease of year-end headcount had an immaterial impact on change in personnel expense.

Gross margin for fiscal years 2020 and 2019 was 64% and 20%, respectively. The increase in fiscal year 2020 gross margin compared to the prior period was largely due to an increase in revenue combined with a decrease in the cost of revenue in fiscal year 2020 versus the prior year.

While we expect cost of revenue, including depreciation expenses, royalties, and high-powered computing costs, to increase in absolute dollars as our revenue grows, we expect our cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue to decrease over time as we benefit from the efficiencies of our business model that drive improved operating leverage.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses consist of our research and development, our sales and marketing, and our general and administrative expenses. As we continue to invest in our growth, including through hiring additional personnel, we expect our operating expenses to increase in absolute dollars as revenue grows in the near term, however, we expect our operating expenses as a percentage of revenue to decrease over time.

Research and Development

	Six Months Ended						% Change			Fiscal Year						% Change
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021			June 30, 2020						2020			2019
Research and development	$	14,109		$	9,354			51	%	$	20,751		$	15,071			38	%
Percentage of total revenue		75	%		67	%					73	%		82	%
Headcount (at period end)		155			121			28	%		130			110			18	%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

Research and development expenses increased $4.8 million, or 51%, due to an increase in personnel costs of $3.5 million, an increase in computing costs of $0.8 million, and an increase in third-party services of $0.5 million. The increase in personnel costs was driven by growth in headcount during the period. The increase in computing costs were driven by additional testing, modeling, and storage requirements used to develop our new solutions. The increase in third-party services was driven by external technical resources required to support new development processes and capabilities.

Fiscal 2020 Compared to Fiscal 2019

Research and development expenses increased $5.7 million, or 38%, due to an increase in personnel costs of $3.7 million, an increase in computing costs of $1.6 million, and an increase in parts and supplies of $0.4 million.

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The increase in personnel costs was driven by growth in headcount during the period. The increase in computing costs and the increase in parts and supplies were driven by additional testing, modeling, and storage requirements used to develop our solutions.

While we expect research and development expenses to increase in absolute dollars in future periods primarily due to higher headcount as we continue to invest in the development of our solutions offerings and new technologies, we expect research and development expenses to decrease as a percentage of revenue in future periods as our revenue growth exceeds our growth in research and development spend.

Sales and Marketing

	Six Months Ended						% Change			Fiscal Year						% Change
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021			June 30, 2020						2020			2019
Sales and marketing	$	8,795		$	4,788			84	%	$	10,279		$	5,305			94	%
Percentage of total revenue		47	%		34	%					36	%		29	%
Headcount (at period end)		79			40			98	%		55			28			96	%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

Sales and marketing expenses increased $4.0 million, or 84%, due to an increase in personnel costs of $2.8 million, an increase in marketing and professional services costs of $1.0 million, and other miscellaneous operating expenses of $0.2 million. The increase in personnel costs was driven by growth in our headcount involved in selling activities. The increase in marketing and professional services costs was driven by growth in our expenditures for demand generation, brand awareness and public relations.

Fiscal 2020 Compared to Fiscal 2019

Sales and marketing expenses increased $5.0 million, or 94%, primarily due to an increase in personnel costs of $4.4 million and an increase in marketing and professional services costs of $0.5 million. The increase in personnel costs was driven by growth in our headcount involved in selling activities. The increase in marketing and professional services costs was driven by growth in our expenditures for demand generation, brand awareness and public relations.

While we expect sales and marketing expenses to continue to grow in absolute dollars in the future, primarily due to increased employee-related expenses as we grow our headcount, to support our sales and marketing efforts and our continued expansion of our sales capacity across our solutions, we expect sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenue to decrease in future periods as our revenue growth exceeds our growth in sales and marketing spend.

General and Administrative

	Six Months Ended						% Change			Fiscal Year						% Change
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021			June 30, 2020						2020			2019
General and administrative	$	15,290		$	5,744			166	%	$	12,520		$	10,316			21	%
Percentage of total revenue		81	%		41	%					44	%		56	%
Headcount (at period end)		51			40			28	%		47			43			9	%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021, Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

General and administrative expenses increased $9.5 million, or 166%, due to an increase in professional and consulting fees of $5.1 million, an increase in personnel costs of $3.8 million, and in miscellaneous other

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expenses of $0.6 million. The increase in professional and consulting fees was primarily driven by accounting, legal and other consulting services associated with the Business Combination and company readiness for going public. The increase in personnel costs was driven by stock-based compensation expense associated with a performance-based equity incentive program as well as overall headcount growth from the previous period.

Fiscal 2020 Compared to Fiscal 2019

General and administrative expenses increased $2.2 million, or 21%, primarily due to an increase in personnel costs of $1.4 million and an increase in professional services expenses of $0.7 million. The increase in personnel costs was driven by an increase in our headcount and the increase in professional services expenses was the result of increases in audit, tax, legal, and other consulting costs.

While we expect our general and administrative expenses to continue to grow in absolute dollars in future periods as our employee-related expenses increase to support our revenue growth and we have increased expenses from being a public company, we expect our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue to decrease as revenue growth exceeds our growth in general and administration spend.

Loss on Satellite Deorbit and Launch Failure

	Six Months Ended				% Change		Fiscal Year						% Change
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021		June 30, 2020				2020			2019
Loss on satellite deorbit and launch failure		—		—		N/A	$	666		$	2,372			(72	)%
Percentage of total revenue		—		—				2	%		13	%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

We did not incur costs associated with satellite losses in either the six months ended June 30, 2021 or June 30, 2020.

Fiscal 2020 Compared to Fiscal 2019

In fiscal year 2020, we experienced the loss of two satellites due to a third-party deployment issue associated with a single launch. In fiscal year 2019, we experienced the loss of eight satellites due to an internal technical part issue that occurred during deployment.

Due to the nature of these events, we cannot predict the magnitude or frequency of future satellite deorbit and launch failure losses. While we sometimes purchase launch insurance when financially practical, the proceeds from these policies will typically only cover a portion of our loss in the event of an unplanned satellite deorbit or launch failure.

Other Income (Expense)

	Six Months Ended						% Change			Fiscal Year						% Change
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021			June 30, 2020						2020			2019
Interest income	$	2		$	45			(96	)%		54		$	186			(71	)%
Interest expense	$	(5,875	)	$	(2,957	)		(99	)%	$	(6,773	)	$	(3,314	)		104	%
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	$	(10,176	)		—			N/A			(198	)		—			N/A
Other income (expense), net	$	(3,391	)	$	(455	)		(645	)%	$	824		$	590			40	%

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

Interest expense increased $2.9 million, or 99%, primarily as a result of additional interest on our convertible notes, amortization of deferred financing costs, and interest incurred on our EIB Loan Facility (as defined below) funded in November 2020.

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities increased by $10.2 million, driven by the mark-to-market adjustment to reflect the fair market valuation of warrants, including the warrants held by EIB during the six months ended June 30, 2021. Additional information can also be found in Note 8 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2021 and for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 set forth in Exhibit 99.1 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

Other income (expense), net increased by $2.9 million, or 645%, driven primarily by a $5.0 million loss on extinguishment of debt which was comprised of pre-payment fees, accelerated interest expense, and accelerated deferred expenses associated with the payoff of our EIB and Eastward Fund Management, LLC (“Eastward”) loan facilities, combined with lower grant income of $0.2 million This was offset by a $1.7 million benefit in connection with the debt forgiveness of our PPP loan, combined with an increase of $0.5 million in tax credits.

We continue to experience foreign currency fluctuations as we re-measure foreign currency denominated transactions and balances into the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded. Our results of operations are subject to fluctuations due to changes in the Euro, British Pound, and Singapore Dollar. The impact of this resulted in a net expense of $0.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021, and a net expense of $0.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. We may continue to experience favorable or adverse foreign currency exchange impacts due to volatility in these currencies relative to their respective functional currencies.

Fiscal 2020 Compared to Fiscal 2019

Interest income decreased $0.1 million, or 71%, on lower interest income earned on our cash balances.

Interest expense increased $3.5 million, or 104%, primarily as a result of incurring almost a full year of interest expense in fiscal year 2020 for our convertible notes mainly issued in the second half of fiscal year 2019.

Other income (expense), net did not change materially.

We continue to experience foreign currency fluctuations as we re-measure foreign currency denominated transactions and balances into the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded. Our results of operations are subject to fluctuations due to changes in the Euro, British Pound, and Singapore Dollar. The impact of this was immaterial in fiscal year 2020 and resulted in a benefit of $0.4 million in fiscal year 2019. We may continue to experience favorable or adverse foreign currency exchange impacts due to volatility in these currencies relative to their respective functional currencies.

Income Taxes

	Six Months Ended				% Change			Fiscal Year				% Change
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021		June 30, 2020					2020		2019
Income tax provision	$	700	$	105		567	%	$	400	$	334		20	%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2020

Income tax increased $0.6 million or 567%, primarily driven by higher income tax in our U.K. subsidiary.

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Fiscal 2020 Compared to Fiscal 2019

Income tax increased $0.1 million, or 20%, primarily driven by higher income tax in our United Kingdom subsidiary.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We believe that in addition to our results determined in accordance with GAAP, non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA is useful in evaluating our business, results of operations, and financial condition. We believe that this non-GAAP financial measure may be helpful to investors because it provides consistency and comparability with past financial performance and facilitates period to period comparisons of operations, as this eliminates the effects of certain variables from period to period for reasons that we do not believe reflect our underlying business performance. In addition to our GAAP measures, we use this non-GAAP financial measure internally for budgeting and resource allocation purposes and in analyzing our financial results.

For the reasons set forth below, we believe that excluding the following items provides information that is helpful in understanding our operating results, evaluating our future prospects, comparing our financial results across accounting periods, and comparing our financial results to our peers, many of which provide similar non-GAAP financial measures:

• Loss on satellite deorbit and launch failure. We exclude loss on satellite deorbit and launch failure because if there was no loss, the expense would be accounted for as depreciation and would also be excluded as part of our EBITDA calculation.

• Change in fair value of warrant liabilities. We exclude this as it does not reflect the underlying cash flows or operational results of the business.

• Other expense, net. We exclude other expense, net because it includes one-time and other items that do not reflect the underlying operational results of our business.

• Stock-based compensation. We exclude stock-based compensation expenses primarily because they are non-cash expenses that we exclude from our internal management reporting processes. We also find it useful to exclude these expenses when we assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses and resource allocations when budgeting, planning, and forecasting future periods. Moreover, because of varying available valuation methodologies, subjective assumptions and the variety of award types that companies can use under FASB ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), we believe excluding stock-based compensation expenses allows investors to make meaningful comparisons between our recurring core business operating results and those of other companies.

• Mergers and acquisition related expenses. We exclude these expenses as these are associated with transaction costs that are generally one time in nature and not reflective of the underlying operational results of our business.

• Other unusual one-time costs. We exclude these as these are generally non-recurring items that do not reflect the on-going operational results of our business.

EBITDA. We define EBITDA as net income (loss), plus depreciation and amortization expense, plus interest expense, and plus the provision for (or minus benefit from) income taxes.

Adjusted EBITDA. We define Adjusted EBITDA as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, further adjusted for loss on satellite deorbit and launch failure, change in fair value of warrant liabilities, other income (expense), net, stock- based compensation, mergers and acquisition-related costs and expenses, and other unusual one-time costs. We believe Adjusted EBITDA can be useful in providing an understanding of the underlying operating results and trends and an enhanced overall understanding of our financial performance and prospects for the future. While Adjusted EBITDA is not a recognized measure under

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GAAP, management uses this financial measure to evaluate and forecast business performance. Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be a measure of liquidity or cash flows from operations or a measure comparable to net income as it does not take into account certain requirements, such as capital expenditures and related depreciation, principal and interest payments, and tax payments. Adjusted EBITDA is not a presentation made in accordance with GAAP, and our use of the term Adjusted EBITDA may vary from the use of similarly titled measures by others in our industry due to the potential inconsistencies in the method of calculation and differences due to items subject to interpretation.

The presentation of non-GAAP financial information should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. Investors should read this discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto also included within.

The following table outlines the reconciliation from net loss to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated:

	Six Months Ended						Fiscal Year
(in thousands)	June 30, 2021			June 30, 2020			2020			2019
Net loss	$	(46,560	)	$	(14,716	)	$	(32,504	)	$	(32,319	)
Depreciation and amortization		3,540			2,596			5,546			10,214
Net Interest		5,873			2,912			6,719			3,128
Taxes		700			105			400			334
EBITDA		(36,447	)		(9,103	)		(19,839	)		(18,643	)
Loss on satellite deorbit and launch failure		—			—			666			2,372
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		10,176			—			198			—
Other income (expense), net(1)		3,391			455			(824	)		(590	)
Stock-based compensation(2)		4,501			920			2,160			1,890
Mergers and acquisition related expenses(3)		2,584			—			—			—
Other unusual one-time costs(4)		387			—			—			—
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(15,408	)	$	(7,728	)	$	(17,639	)	$	(14,971	)

(1) Other expense, net consists primarily of tax credits, grant income, the impact of foreign exchange gains and losses, debt extinguishment net expenses, and sales and local taxes.

(2) Represents non-cash expenses related to our incentive compensation program.

(3) Includes merger and acquisition-related costs associated with the Business Combination.

(4) Includes other IPO market assessment expenses.

Limitations on the Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

There are limitations to using non-GAAP financial measures because non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures provided by other companies.

The non-GAAP financial measures are limited in value because they exclude certain items that may have a material impact upon our reported financial results. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgments by management about which items are adjusted to calculate our non-GAAP financial measures. We compensate for these limitations by analyzing current and future results on a GAAP basis as well as a non-GAAP basis and also by providing GAAP measures in our public disclosures. Some of these limitations are:

• although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements;

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• Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our debt;

• Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect income tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us; and