10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to

Commission File Number: 001-39450

HARMONY BIOSCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	82-2279923
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

630 W. Germantown Pike, Suite 215, Plymouth Meeting, PA	19462
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(484) 539-9800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.00001 value per share	HRMY	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (Nasdaq Global Market)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ☒     No   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes  ☒  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes  ☐   No  ☒

As of October 27, 2023, there were 58,571,944 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.00001 value per share, outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
Part I. Financial Information	3
Item 1. Financial Statements	3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)	6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	7
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	23
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	36
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	37
Part II. Other Information	37
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	37
Item 1A. Risk Factors	38
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	38
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities	38
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	39
Item 5. Other Information	39
Item 6. Exhibits	39
Signatures	40

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

HARMONY BIOSCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	324,603	$	243,784
Investments, short-term		46,071		79,331
Trade receivables, net		67,264		54,740
Inventory, net		5,087		4,297
Prepaid expenses		14,269		9,347
Other current assets		5,704		8,786
Total current assets		462,998		400,285
NONCURRENT ASSETS:
Property and equipment, net		428		573
Restricted cash		250		750
Investments, long-term		67,700		22,568
Intangible assets, net		143,069		160,953
Deferred tax asset		100,485		85,943
Other noncurrent assets		2,836		2,798
Total noncurrent assets		314,768		273,585
TOTAL ASSETS	$	777,766	$	673,870
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Trade payables	$	6,539	$	3,786
Accrued compensation		10,322		11,532
Accrued expenses		72,761		59,942
Current portion of long-term debt		15,000		2,000
Other current liabilities		7,786		1,624
Total current liabilities		112,408		78,884
NONCURRENT LIABILITIES:
Long-term debt, net		182,131		189,647
Other noncurrent liabilities		1,895		2,501
Total noncurrent liabilities		184,026		192,148
TOTAL LIABILITIES		296,434		271,032
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 12)
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Common stock—$0.00001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively; 58,571,944 shares and 59,615,731 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		1		1
Additional paid in capital		651,731		675,118
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(516)		(151)
Accumulated deficit		(169,884)		(272,130)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY		481,332		402,838
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	777,766	$	673,870

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

3

HARMONY BIOSCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net product revenues	$	160,268	$	117,206	$	413,610	$	309,547
Cost of product sold		32,296		22,959		78,084		56,596
Gross profit		127,972		94,247		335,526		252,951
Operating expenses:
Research and development		17,499		40,548		45,757		60,794
Sales and marketing		23,418		20,467		70,518		58,210
General and administrative		22,546		21,331		67,417		61,374
Total operating expenses		63,463		82,346		183,692		180,378
Operating income		64,509		11,901		151,834		72,573
Loss on debt extinguishment		(9,766)		—		(9,766)		—
Other (expense) income, net		(5)		56		(34)		96
Interest expense, net		(2,906)		(3,990)		(8,327)		(12,086)
Income before income taxes		51,832		7,967		133,707		60,583
Income tax (expense) benefit		(13,371)		79,976		(31,461)		72,376
Net income	$	38,461	$	87,943	$	102,246	$	132,959
Unrealized income (loss) on investments		6		(149)		(365)		(178)
Comprehensive income	$	38,467	$	87,794	$	101,881	$	132,781
EARNINGS PER SHARE:
Basic	$	0.64	$	1.48	$	1.71	$	2.25
Diluted	$	0.63	$	1.44	$	1.68	$	2.18
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - basic		59,863,102		59,234,720		59,856,941		59,070,063
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - diluted		60,681,676		61,207,625		60,892,992		60,921,482

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

4

HARMONY BIOSCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

						Accumulated
				Additional		other				Total
	Common Stock			paid-in		comprehensive		Accumulated		stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		capital		(loss) income		deficit		equity
Balance as of December 31, 2022	59,615,731	$	1	$	675,118	$	(151)	$	(272,130)	$	402,838
Net income	—		—		—		—		102,246		102,246
Unrealized loss on investments	—		—		—		(365)		—		(365)
Repurchase of common stock	(1,439,792)		—		(50,543)		—		—		(50,543)
Exercise of options and restricted stock units	396,005		—		4,314		—		—		4,314
Stock-based compensation	—		—		22,842		—		—		22,842
Balance as of September 30, 2023	58,571,944	$	1	$	651,731	$	(516)	$	(169,884)	$	481,332

						Accumulated
				Additional		other				Total
	Common Stock			paid-in		comprehensive		Accumulated		stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		capital		(loss) income		deficit		equity
Balance as of June 30, 2023	59,999,658	$	1	$	694,038	$	(522)	$	(208,345)	$	485,172
Net income	—		—		—		—		38,461		38,461
Unrealized loss on investments	—		—		—		6		—		6
Repurchase of common stock	(1,439,792)		—		(50,543)		—		—		(50,543)
Exercise of options	12,078		—		245		—		—		245
Stock-based compensation	—		—		7,991		—		—		7,991
Balance as of September 30, 2023	58,571,944	$	1	$	651,731	$	(516)	$	(169,884)	$	481,332

						Accumulated
				Additional		other				Total
	Common Stock			paid-in		comprehensive		Accumulated		stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		capital		(loss) income		deficit		equity
Balance as of December 31, 2021	58,825,769	$	1	$	640,104	$	—	$	(453,598)	$	186,507
Net income	—		—		—		—		132,959		132,959
Unrealized loss on investments	—		—		—		(178)		—		(178)
Issuance of common stock	8,050		—		408		—		—		408
Exercise of stock options	470,589		—		5,275		—		—		5,275
Stock-based compensation	—		—		18,913		—		—		18,913
Balance as of September 30, 2022	59,304,408	$	1	$	664,700	$	(178)	$	(320,639)	$	343,884

						Accumulated
				Additional		other				Total
	Common Stock			paid-in		comprehensive		Accumulated		stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		capital		(loss) income		deficit		equity
Balance as of June 30, 2022	59,117,749	$	1	$	655,143	$	(29)	$	(408,582)	$	246,533
Net income	—		—		—		—		87,943		87,943
Unrealized loss on investments	—		—		—		(149)		—		(149)
Issuance of common stock	8,050		—		408				—		408
Exercise of options	178,609		—		2,143		—		—		2,143
Stock-based compensation	—		—		7,006		—		—		7,006
Balance as of September 30, 2022	59,304,408	$	1	$	664,700	$	(178)	$	(320,639)	$	343,884

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

5

HARMONY BIOSCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	102,246	$	132,959
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation		350		312
Intangible amortization		17,884		17,005
Stock-based and employee stock purchase compensation expense		22,842		18,913
Stock appreciation rights market adjustment		(531)		321
Debt issuance costs amortization		2,089		1,241
Deferred taxes		(14,542)		(81,679)
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on Investment securities		(2,031)		—
Loss on debt extinguishment		9,766		—
Other non-cash expenses		1,258		1,042
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade receivables		(12,524)		(20,222)
Inventory		(790)		532
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(1,759)		(4,704)
Trade payables		2,753		9,048
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		15,714		43,171
Other non-current liabilities		(3)		(151)
Net cash provided by operating activities		142,722		117,788
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of investment securities		(105,856)		(55,637)
Proceeds from maturities and sales of investment securities		95,687		872
Purchase of property and equipment		(205)		(172)
Milestone payments		—		(40,000)
Net cash used in investing activities		(10,374)		(94,937)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		—		408
Proceeds from long term debt		200,000		—
Debt issuance costs		(2,997)		—
Extinguishment of debt		(196,500)		—
Extinguishment of debt exit fees		(5,846)		—
Principal repayment of long term debt		(1,000)		(1,500)
Repurchase of common stock		(50,000)		—
Payments of employee withholding taxes related to stock-based awards		(514)		—
Proceeds from exercised options		4,828		5,275
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(52,029)		4,183
NET INCREASE IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH		80,319		27,034
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH—Beginning of period		244,534		235,059
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH—End of period	$	324,853	$	262,093
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid during the year for interest	$	15,653	$	11,334
Cash paid during the year for taxes		36,543		9,702

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

6

HARMONY BIOSCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

1. ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

The Company

Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc., and its consolidated subsidiary (the “Company”) was founded in July 2017 as Harmony Biosciences II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. The Company converted to a Delaware corporation named Harmony Biosciences II, Inc. in September 2017 and, in February 2020, the Company changed its name to Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc. The Company’s operations are conducted in its wholly owned subsidiary, Harmony Biosciences, LLC (“Harmony”), which was formed in May 2017. The Company is a commercial-stage pharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing innovative therapies for patients living with rare neurological diseases as well as patients living with other neurological diseases who have unmet medical needs. The Company is headquartered in Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania.

2. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared as though the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company had an accumulated deficit of $169,884 and $272,130, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and investments of $438,374.

The Company believes that its existing cash, cash equivalents and investments on hand as of September 30, 2023, as well as additional cash generated from operating and financing activities will meet its operational liquidity needs and fund its planned investing activities for the next twelve months from the date of issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position for the periods presented. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023, the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, and the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, are unaudited. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, was derived from audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited annual financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The unaudited condensed consolidated results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that may occur for the full fiscal year. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted under the SEC’s rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read

7

in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, and elsewhere in this report. Actual results may differ significantly from estimates, which include rebates due pursuant to commercial and government contracts, accrued research and development expenses, stock-based compensation expense and income taxes.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash consist of cash and, if applicable, highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased, including investments in Money Market Funds and debt securities that approximate fair value. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the balance sheet and the statements of cash flows.

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	324,603	$	243,784
Restricted cash		250		750
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	324,853	$	244,534

Restricted cash includes amounts required to be held as a security deposit in the form of letters of credit for the Company’s credit card program and the fleet program.

Investments

The Company’s investments consist of debt securities that are classified as available-for-sale. Short-term and long-term investments are carried at fair value and unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a component of accumulated comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. The amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts adjust the carrying value of investments and are recorded in interest expense, net, on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Interest income and realized gains and losses, if any, are also recorded in interest expense, net, on the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses that result from the sale of investments are determined on a specific identification basis.

At each reporting period, the Company reviews any unrealized losses position to determine if the decline in the fair value of the underlying investments is a result of credit losses or other factors. If the assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, any impairment is recognized as an allowance for credit losses in our consolidated statement of operations.

Interest income generated from our investments and cash equivalents, which is included in interest expense, net, was $3,384 and $8,537 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to $828 and $1,145 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

Concentrations of Risk

Substantially all of the Company’s cash and money market funds are held in four financial institutions. Due to their size, the Company believes these financial institutions represent minimal credit risk. Deposits may

8

exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation for U.S. institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents. The Company believes that it is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

The Company is subject to credit risk from its trade receivables related to its product sales. The Company extends credit to specialty pharmaceutical distribution companies within the United States. Customer creditworthiness is monitored, and collateral is not required. Historically, the Company has not experienced credit losses on its accounts receivable. The Company monitors its exposure within accounts receivable and would record a reserve against uncollectible accounts receivable if necessary. As of September 30, 2023, three customers accounted for 100% of gross accounts receivable; Caremark LLC (“CVS Caremark”), which accounted for 37% of gross accounts receivable; Accredo Health Group, Inc. (“Accredo”), which accounted for 37% of gross accounts receivable; and PANTHERx Specialty Pharmacy LLC (“Pantherx”), which accounted for 26% of gross accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2022, three customers accounted for 100% of gross accounts receivable; CVS Caremark, which accounted for 41% of gross accounts receivable, Accredo, which accounted for 35% of gross accounts receivable; and Pantherx, which accounted for 24% of gross accounts receivable.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, three customers accounted for 100% of gross product revenues; CVS Caremark accounted for 37% of gross product revenues; Accredo accounted for 32% of gross product revenues; and Pantherx accounted for 31% of gross product revenues. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, three customers accounted for 100% of gross product revenues; CVS Caremark accounted for 40% of gross product revenues; Pantherx accounted for 30% of gross product revenues; and Accredo accounted for 30% of gross product revenues.

The Company depends on a single source supplier for each of its product and active pharmaceutical ingredient.

Share Repurchases

The Company accounts for share repurchases as constructive retirements, whereby it reduces common stock and additional paid-in capital by the amount of the original issuance, with any excess purchase price recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. Under this method, issued and outstanding shares of common stock are reduced by the amount of shares of common stock repurchased, and no treasury stock is recognized on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company did not adopt any new accounting pronouncements that had a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

9

4. INVESTMENTS

The carrying value and amortized cost of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities, summarized by type of security, consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2023
		Amortized	Unrealized	Unrealized		Fair
		Cost	Gains	Losses		Value
Short-term:
Commercial paper	$	27,717	1	(13)	$	27,705
Corporate debt securities		16,456	3	(7)		16,452
U.S. government securities		1,915	—	(1)		1,914
Total short-term investments	$	46,088	4	(21)	$	46,071
Long-term:
Commercial paper	$	1,623	—	(2)	$	1,621
Corporate debt securities		39,497	14	(155)		39,356
U.S. government securities		27,079	—	(356)		26,723
Total long-term investments	$	68,199	14	(513)	$	67,700
	December 31, 2022
		Amortized	Unrealized	Unrealized		Fair
		Cost	Gains	Losses		Value
Short-term:
Commercial paper	$	26,553	15	(34)	$	26,534
Corporate debt securities		49,213	9	(73)		49,149
U.S. government securities		3,658	—	(10)		3,648
Total short-term investments	$	79,424	24	(117)	$	79,331
Long-term:
Commercial paper	$	853	1	—	$	854
Corporate debt securities		21,516	11	(68)		21,459
U.S. government securities		257	—	(2)		255
Total long-term investments	$	22,626	12	(70)	$	22,568

The Company classifies investments with an original maturity of less than one year as current and investments with an original maturity date of greater than one year as noncurrent on its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The investments classified as noncurrent have original maturity dates ranging from 1-2 years. The Company did not have any available-for-sale debt security investments in a continuous unrealized loss position of greater than 12 months as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities, all of which are short term in nature and, accordingly, approximate fair value.

10

It is the Company’s policy to measure non-financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These non-financial assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (such as evidence of impairment), which, if material, are disclosed in the accompanying footnotes.

The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value based on the fair value hierarchy that prioritizes inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels based on the source of inputs as follows:

Level 1—Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Valuations based on observable inputs and quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities.

Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs and models that are supported by little or no market activity.

Money market funds are classified as Level 1 fair value instruments. Investments in available-for-sale debt securities are classified as Level 2 and carried at fair value, which we estimate utilizing a third-party pricing service. The pricing service utilizes industry standard valuation models whereby all significant inputs, including benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, bids, offers, or other market-related data, are observable. We validate valuations obtained from third-party services by obtaining market values from other pricing sources. The Company did not classify any assets or liabilities as Level 3 as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

The Company’s assets measured at fair value consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
		Total	Level 1	Level 2		Total	Level 1	Level 2
Assets
Cash equivalents	$	198,135	198,135	—	$	184,977	184,977	—
Commercial paper		29,326	—	29,326		27,388	—	27,388
Corporate debt securities		55,808	—	55,808		70,608	—	70,608
U.S. government securities		28,637	—	28,637		3,903	—	3,903
Total	$	311,906	198,135	113,771	$	286,876	184,977	101,899

6. INVENTORY

Inventory, net consisted of the following:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Raw materials	$	932	$	838
Work in process		1,833		1,513
Finished goods		2,611		2,565
Inventory, gross		5,376		4,916
Reserve for excess inventory		(289)		(619)
Total inventory, net	$	5,087	$	4,297

11

7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

In August 2019, the Company received FDA approval of WAKIX® (pitolisant) for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (“EDS”) in adult patients with narcolepsy. This event triggered a milestone payment of $75,000 under the provisions of the 2017 LCA (defined below) which the Company capitalized as an intangible asset. The Company determined a useful life of 10 years for such intangible asset, and, as of September 30, 2023, the remaining useful life was 6.0 years.

In October 2020, the Company received FDA approval for the New Drug Application (“NDA”) for WAKIX for the treatment of cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy. This event triggered a milestone payment of $100,000 under the provisions of the 2017 LCA which the Company capitalized as an intangible asset and paid in January of 2021. The Company determined a useful life of 9 years for such intangible asset, and, as of September 30, 2023, the remaining useful life was 6.0 years.

In February 2022, the Company attained $500,000 in life-to-date aggregate net sales of WAKIX in the United States. This event triggered a final $40,000 payment under the provisions of the 2017 LCA which the Company capitalized as an intangible asset and paid in March of 2022. The Company determined a useful life of 7.6 years for such intangible asset, and, as of September 30, 2023, the remaining useful life was 6.0 years.

Amortization expense was $5,962 and $5,961 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $17,884 and $17,005 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is recorded in general and administrative expenses on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

The Company expects the future annual amortization expense for the unamortized intangible assets to be as follows:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	5,961
2024		23,845
2025		23,845
2026		23,845
2027		23,845
Thereafter		41,728
Total	$	143,069

The gross carrying amount and net book value of the intangible asset is as follows:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Gross Carrying Amount	$	215,000	$	215,000
Accumulated Amortization		(71,931)		(54,047)
Net Book Value	$	143,069	$	160,953

8. LICENSE AGREEMENTS AND ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENTS

License Agreements

In July 2017, Harmony entered into a License Agreement (the “2017 LCA”) with Bioprojet Société Civile de Recherche (“Bioprojet”) whereby Harmony acquired the exclusive right to commercialize the pharmaceutical compound pitolisant for the treatment, and/or prevention, of narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, idiopathic hypersomnia, and Parkinson’s disease as well as any other indications unanimously agreed by the parties in the United States and its territories. A milestone payment of $50,000 was due upon acceptance by the FDA of

12

pitolisant’s NDA, which was achieved in February 2019 and was expensed within research and development for the year ended December 31, 2019. A milestone payment of $77,000, which included a $2,000 fee that is described below, was due upon FDA approval of WAKIX (pitolisant) for treatment of EDS in adult patients with narcolepsy, which was achieved in August 2019. The $2,000 payment and $75,000 milestone payment were paid in August and November 2019, respectively. In addition, a milestone payment of $102,000, which included a $2,000 fee was due upon the FDA approval of the NDA for WAKIX for the treatment of cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy. The $2,000 payment was paid in October 2020 and a $100,000 milestone payment was paid in January 2021. A final $40,000 milestone payment was paid to Bioprojet in March 2022 upon WAKIX attaining $500,000 in aggregate net sales in the United States. The 2017 LCA also requires a fixed trademark royalty and a tiered royalty based on net sales, which is payable to Bioprojet on a quarterly basis. The Company incurred $29,665 and $20,944 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $71,267 and $51,741 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, for sales-based, trademark and tiered royalties recognized as cost of product sold. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had accrued $29,665 and $25,367, respectively, for sales-based, trademark and tiered royalties.  

On July 31, 2022, Harmony entered into a License and Commercialization Agreement (the “2022 LCA”) with Bioprojet whereby Harmony obtained exclusive rights to manufacture, use and commercialize one or more new products based on pitolisant in the United States and Latin America, with the potential to add additional indications and formulations upon agreement of both parties. Harmony paid an initial, non-refundable $30,000 licensing fee in October 2022 and additional payments of up to $155,000 are potentially due under the 2022 LCA upon the achievement of certain future development and sales-based milestones. In addition, there are other payments due upon achievement of development milestones for new indications and formulations as agreed upon by both parties. The 2022 LCA also requires a fixed trademark royalty and a tiered royalty based on net sales upon commercialization, which will be payable to Bioprojet on a quarterly basis.

Agreement Related to Intellectual Property

In August 2021, the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement with ConSynance Therapeutics, Inc. (the “APA”) to acquire HBS-102 (formerly referred to as “CSTI-100”), a potential first-in-class molecule with a novel mechanism of action. Under the terms of the APA, the Company acquired full development and commercialization rights globally, with the exception of Greater China, for $3,500. The Company accounted for the transaction as an asset acquisition as substantially all of the fair value of the assets acquired was concentrated in a single identified asset. In March 2023, the Company achieved a preclinical milestone, which triggered a $750 payment under the provisions of the APA, which the Company recognized as an IPR&D charge recorded in research and development within the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. There are additional payments due under the APA upon the achievement of certain milestones including $1,000 for preclinical milestones, $19,000 for development milestones, $44,000 for regulatory milestones and $110,000 for sales milestones.

13

9. ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consist of the following:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Royalties due to Bioprojet	$	29,665	$	25,367
Rebates and other sales deductions		31,853		27,860
Interest		3,140		3,286
Selling and marketing		2,253		1,135
Research and development		2,190		358
Professional fees, consulting, and other services		1,841		1,163
Other expenses		1,819		773
	$	72,761	$	59,942

10. DEBT

Term Loan A Credit Agreement

On July 26, 2023, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “TLA Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as “Administrative Agent”, and certain lenders. The TLA Credit Agreement provides for a five-year senior secured term loan (the “TLA Term Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $185,000.

On September 21, 2023, the Company entered into the First Incremental Amendment (the “First Incremental Amendment”) with the Administrative Agent and Bank of America, N.A., as incremental lender. The First Incremental Amendment provides for an incremental senior secured term loan (the “Incremental Term Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $15,000. The First Incremental Amendment amends the TLA Credit Agreement and provides that the Incremental Term Loan will have identical terms as the TLA Term Loan.

The repayment schedule for both the TLA Term Loan and the Incremental Term Loan (together, the “Term Loans”) consists of quarterly $3,750 principal payments, which commence on December 31, 2023, increasing to quarterly $5,000 principal payments beginning on December 31, 2025, with a $115,000 payment due on the maturity date of July 26, 2028. The Term Loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to, at the Company’s option, (i) a base rate plus a specified margin ranging from 2.50% to 3.00%, based on the Company’s senior secured net leverage ratio (as defined in the TLA Credit Agreement) or (ii) Term SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% plus a specified margin ranging from 3.50% to 4.00%, based on the Company’s senior secured net leverage ratio.

The net cash received related to the Term Loans as a result of the transactions, less debt issuance costs of $2,997, was $197,003. The debt issuance costs related to the Term Loans will be amortized as additional interest expense over the loan term of the TLA Credit Agreement. The fair value of the Term Loans as of September 30, 2023 was $199,820.

14

Blackstone Credit Agreement

In August 2021, the Company entered into the Blackstone Credit Agreement that provided for (i) a senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate original principal amount of $200,000 (the “Initial Term Loan”) and (ii) a senior secured delayed draw term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $100,000 (the “DDTL”). The DDTL was initially available to draw down through August 9, 2022. In August 2022, the Company entered into an agreement to extend the expiration date of the DDTL to August 9, 2023, for which the Company would pay a ticking fee at a rate of 1% per annum on the undrawn portion of the DDTL (the “Ticking Fee”), which commenced on August 10, 2022.

Net cash received from the Initial Term Loan was $191,849, net of debt issuance costs of $8,151. In addition, the Company paid $1,000 in debt issuance costs relating to the DDTL, which was initially recorded in other current assets within the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.

In connection with the TLA Credit Agreement, the Company extinguished the Blackstone Credit Agreement, which required a payoff amount of $207,308 consisting of principal repayment, interest, exit fees, Ticking Fee and a prepayment premium. The Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $9,766 relating to the Blackstone Credit Agreement within the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operation and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. In addition, the Company recognized $1,972 relating to unamortized debt issuance costs relating to the DDTL and the Ticking Fee, which was recorded in interest expense, net within the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Long-term debt, net consists of the following:

	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Liability component - principal	$	200,000	$	197,500
Unamortized debt discount associated with debt financing costs		(2,869)		(5,853)
Liability component - net carrying value		197,131		191,647
Less current portion		(15,000)		(2,000)
Long-term debt, net	$	182,131	$	189,647

15

Future minimum payments relating to long-term debt, net as of September 30, 2023, for the periods indicated below consists of the following:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	3,750
2024		15,000
2025		16,250
2026		20,000
2027		20,000
Thereafter		125,000
Total	$	200,000

Interest expense related to the Company’s long-term debt, net, is included in interest expense, net in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and consists of the following:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Interest on principal balance	$	4,791	$	4,513	$	15,900	$	12,110
Amortization of deferred financing costs		2,221		418		3,061		1,241
Total term loan interest expense	$	7,012	$	4,931	$	18,961	$	13,351

11. LEASES

In June 2018, the Company entered into an operating lease for approximately fifteen thousand square feet of office space in Plymouth Meeting, PA, which expires in May 2024. The Company subsequently entered into two separate operating leases for additional office space in Plymouth Meeting, PA, which include approximately thirteen thousand square feet and seven thousand square feet of additional office space, respectively, and expire in May 2024. The terms of the lease payments provide for rental payments on a monthly basis and on a graduated scale. The Company also leases a fleet of automobiles that are used by its sales representatives and are classified as operating leases.

Operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future lease payments using our incremental borrowing rate. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Our leases have remaining lease terms of less than 1 year to 3 years, some of which may include the option to extend or terminate the leases.

The Company recorded operating lease costs of $473 and $378 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1,295 and $1,155 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

As of September 30, 2023, the weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases was 1.8 years and the weighted-average discount rate for operating leases was 6.0%.

16

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows:

Leases	Classification		September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Other noncurrent assets	$	2,456	$	2,312
Liabilities
Operating lease liability, current portion	Other current liabilities	$	1,683	$	1,614
Operating lease liability, long-term	Other long-term liabilities		901		975
Total operating lease liabilities		$	2,584	$	2,589

Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:

		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	1,448	$	1,297
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$	1,592	$	485

Future payments under noncancelable operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of September 30, 2023 consisted of the following:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	558
2024		1,407
2025		532
2026		252
2027		—
Thereafter		—
Total lease payments		2,749
Less: imputed interest		(165)
Total lease liabilities	$	2,584

12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is subject to claims and suits arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues such liabilities when they are known, if they are deemed probable and can be reasonably estimated. As of September 30, 2023, there were no material claims or suits outstanding.

13. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of the Company’s stockholders. The holders of common stock do not have any cumulative voting rights. Holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends declared by the Company’s board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding preferred stock. The Company’s common stock has no preemptive rights, conversion rights or other subscription rights or redemption or sinking fund provisions.

17

Share Repurchase Program

On August 1, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a program providing for the repurchase of shares of common stock in an aggregate amount of up to $125,000, excluding commissions and transaction fees (the “August 2023 Repurchase Program”). The August 2023 Repurchase Program may be suspended, terminated or modified at any time for any reason. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased and cancelled 1,439,792 shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $50,000, exclusive of commissions and transaction fees. As of September 30, 2023 the remaining amount of common stock authorized for repurchases was $75,000.

See Note 18 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for information related to the termination of the August 2023 Repurchase Program as of October 27, 2023.

14. STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

2020 Stock Incentive Plan

In connection with the Company’s IPO, the board of directors adopted, and its stockholders approved, the 2020 Incentive Award Plan (the “2020 Plan”), in order to facilitate the grant of cash and equity incentives to directors, employees (including the Company’s named executive officers) and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, including incentive stock options (“ISOs”) and non-qualified stock options (“NSOs”), SARs, restricted stock, dividend equivalents, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and other stock or cash-based awards.

Stock options and stock appreciation rights under the 2020 Plan have a 10-year contractual term and vest over the vesting period specified in the applicable award agreement, at achievement of a performance requirement, or upon change of control (as defined in the applicable plan). RSUs vest over the vesting period specified in the applicable award agreement, at achievement of a performance requirement, or upon change of control (as defined in the applicable plan). As of September 30, 2023, there were 6,755,091 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan. The number of shares that may be issued under the 2020 Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each year in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 4.0% of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding year or (ii) an amount determined by the Company’s board of directors.

2017 Stock Incentive Plan

In August 2017, the Company adopted an equity incentive plan (the “2017 Plan”). Under the 2017 Plan, directors, officers, employees, consultants, and advisors of the Company can be paid incentive compensation measured by the value of the Company’s shares of common stock through grants of stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), or restricted stock. Following the adoption of the 2020 Plan, no further grants have been, or will be, made under the 2017 Plan. However, the 2017 Plan will continue to govern the terms and conditions of outstanding awards granted under it.

18

Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual
	Awards	Price		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	6,460,947	$	30.90	7.86
Awards issued	376,422	$	36.71
Awards exercised	(367,376)	$	12.02
Awards forfeited	(206,318)	$	24.84
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	6,263,675	$	32.55	7.39

Stock Appreciation Rights

The following table summarizes SARs activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual
	Awards	Price		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	43,208	$	9.38	6.32
Awards issued	—	$	—
Awards exercised	—	$	—
Awards forfeited	—	$	—
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	43,208	$	9.38	5.58

Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Grant Date		Contractual
	Awards	Fair Value		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	60,000	$	29.03	8.24
Awards issued	—	$	—
Awards vested	(30,000)	$	29.03
Awards forfeited	—	$	—
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	30,000	$	29.03	7.49

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, stock awards issued under the 2017 and 2020 Plans of 3,141,836 and 1,818,045 shares of common stock, respectively, were vested.

Value of Stock Options and SARs

The Company values options and SARs using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company lacks sufficient historical company-specific volatility information. Therefore, the Company estimates expected stock volatility based on historical volatility of peer companies and expects to continue to do so until such time as it has adequate historical data regarding the volatility of its own traded stock price. For options with service-

19

based vesting conditions, the expected term of the Company’s stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards that qualify as “plain-vanilla” options. For SARs, the expected term is based upon the weighting of certain future events. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for the time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. An expected dividend yield of 0% is based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends and does not expect to do so in the foreseeable future.

The assumptions used to value the awards are summarized in the following table.

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Dividend yield	0.00	%	0.00	%
Expected volatility	76.32 - 80.21	%	72.57 - 77.08	%
Risk-free interest rate	3.42 - 4.61	%	1.99 - 4.05	%
Lack of marketability discount	0.00	%	0.00	%
Expected term (years)	2.4 - 6.3		3.1 - 6.3

Value of RSUs

The fair value of RSUs is equal to the value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.

The weighted average per share fair value of awards issued under the 2017 Plan and 2020 Plan was $20.13 and $18.88 on September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, was recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income in the following line items:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Research and development expense	$	1,030	$	522	$	2,962	$	1,866
Sales and marketing expense		1,218		1,096		3,437		2,956
General and administrative expense		5,709		5,349		15,912		14,412
	$	7,957	$	6,967	$	22,311	$	19,234

Stock-based compensation expense, net related to options and RSUs issued under the 2017 Plan and 2020 Plan is included in stockholder’s equity, and a liability for SARs is included in other non-current liabilities, in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2023, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to options and RSUs was $67,842. Such amount will be recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations over a weighted average period of 2.4 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on April 30, 2021. The ESPP permits eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a 15% discount from the lesser of the fair market value per share of the Company’s common stock on the first day of the offering period or the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the purchase date. Funds are collected from employees through after-tax payroll deductions. The total number of shares reserved for issuance under the ESPP was initially 629,805, which will automatically increase on January 1 of each year in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on

20

December 31 of the preceding year or (ii) an amount determined by the Company’s board of directors. It is intended that the ESPP meet the requirements for an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. There were no shares issued under the ESPP for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and there were 14,043 and 14,889 shares issued under the ESPP for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The discount on the ESPP was $100 and $86 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $308 and $271 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is recorded within stock-based compensation expense.

15. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted net income per share of common is computed under the treasury stock method by using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, plus, for periods with net income, the potential dilutive effects of stock options, stock appreciation rights and restricted stock units.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator
Net income	$	38,461	$	87,943	$	102,246	$	132,959
Denominator
Net income per share of common stock - basic	$	0.64	$	1.48	$	1.71	$	2.25
Net income per share of common stock- diluted	$	0.63	$	1.44	$	1.68	$	2.18
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - basic		59,863,102		59,234,720		59,856,941		59,070,063
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - diluted		60,681,676		61,207,625		60,892,992		60,921,482

Securities outstanding that were included in the computation above, utilizing the treasury stock method are as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock options, SARs, and RSUs to purchase common stock		818,574		1,972,905		1,036,051		1,851,419

Potential shares of common stock issuable that were excluded from the computation of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding excluded from the numerator, are as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock options, SARs, and RSUs to purchase common stock		5,518,309		4,754,958		5,300,832		4,876,444

21

16. INCOME TAXES

A reconciliation between the statutory federal income tax rate and the Company’s effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Federal income tax rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
Stock-based compensation	—		(17.0)		(0.9)		4.4
State taxes	4.0		(22.1)		4.7		(0.5)
Credits	0.2		—		(1.6)		(0.2)
Other	0.6		—		0.3		0.7
Valuation allowance	—		(985.7)		—		(144.9)
Total	25.8	%	(1,003.8)	%	23.5	%	(119.5)	%

17. RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company was party to a management agreement for professional services provided by a related party, Paragon Biosciences, LLC (“Paragon”). The related party is an entity that shares common ownership with the Company. In addition, the Chairman of the Company’s board of directors was the President and owner of the entity. The Company terminated the management agreement upon the consummation of its IPO. The Company is also party to a right of use agreement with the related party whereby it has access to and the right to use certain office space leased by the related party in Chicago, IL. In addition, the Company had participated in certain transactions with separate related parties that also share common ownership with the Company, primarily related to combined employee health plans. The Company incurred $73 and $71 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and incurred $218 and $213 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, in expenses to this related party, which are included in general and administrative expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no amounts due to or due from related parties included in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On October 10, 2023, the Company completed a tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) to acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock of Zynerba Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Zynerba Common Stock”), a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company focused on innovative pharmaceutically produced transdermal cannabidiol therapies for orphan neuropsychiatric disorders, including Fragile X syndrome.

Under the terms of the Tender Offer, the Company paid (i) $1.1059 per share of Zynerba Common Stock (the “Common Cash Amount”), plus (ii) one contingent value right (each, a “CVR”) per share of Zynerba Common Stock (the “Common CVR Amount”) for each holder of Zynerba Common Stock upon the closing of the Tender Offer, which represents the right to receive up to approximately $2.5444 per share of Zynerba Common Stock, subject to the achievement of certain clinical, regulatory and sales-based milestones. Both the Common Cash Amount and Common CVR Amount are to be paid in cash, subject to any applicable withholding of taxes and without interest. The aggregate consideration paid by the Company to acquire the Zynerba Common Stock upon completion of the Tender Offer was $60,000, exclusive of transaction related fees. The Company financed the acquisition with cash on hand.

On October 27, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a program providing for the repurchase of shares of common stock in an aggregate amount of up to $200,000, excluding commissions and transaction fees (the “October 2023 Repurchase Program”). The board simultaneously terminated the August 2023 Repurchase Program and any remaining amount authorized for the repurchase of shares. The October 2023 Repurchase Program may be suspended, terminated, or modified at any time for any reason.

22

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy, products, prospective products, product approvals, research and development costs, anticipated timing and likelihood of success of clinical trials, expected timing of the release of clinical trial data, the plans and objectives of management for future operations and future results of anticipated products, are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause such differences include, but are not limited to, statements about:

● our commercialization efforts and strategy for WAKIX;

● the rate and degree of market acceptance and clinical utility of pitolisant in additional indications, if approved, and any other product candidates we may develop or acquire, if approved;

● our research and development plans, including our plans to explore the therapeutic potential of pitolisant in additional indications;

● our ongoing and planned clinical trials;

● our ability to expand the scope of our license agreements with Bioprojet Société Civile de Recherche (“Bioprojet”);

● the availability of favorable insurance coverage and reimbursement for WAKIX;

● the timing of, and our ability to obtain, regulatory approvals for pitolisant for other indications as well as any other product candidates;

● our estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and additional financing needs;

● our ability to identify, acquire and integrate additional products or product candidates with significant commercial potential that are consistent with our commercial objectives;

● our commercialization, marketing and manufacturing capabilities and strategy;

● significant competition in our industry;

● our intellectual property position;

● loss or retirement of key members of management;

● failure to successfully execute our growth strategy, including any delays in our planned future growth;

23

● our failure to maintain effective internal controls; and

● the impact of government laws and regulations.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential”, or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are subject to a number of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including the factors described under the section in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and the sections in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q titled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties.

Unless otherwise indicated, information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q concerning our industry, including industry statistics and forecasts, competitive position and the markets in which we operate is based on information from independent industry and research organizations, other third-party sources and management estimates. Management estimates are derived from publicly available information released by independent industry analysts and other third-party sources, as well as data from our internal research, and are based on assumptions made by us upon reviewing such data, and our experience in, and knowledge of, such industry and markets, which we believe to be reasonable. In addition, projections, forecasts, assumptions and estimates of the future performance of the industry in which we operate and our future performance are necessarily subject to uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed and forecasts in the estimates made by the independent parties and by us.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise.

As used herein, the terms “Harmony,” “we,” “us,” “our” and “the Company” refer to Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation and our operating subsidiary, Harmony Biosciences, LLC.

Further, we have in-licensed from Bioprojet the registered trademark product name WAKIX® in the United States. We also have registered trademark protection in the United States for KNOW NARCOLEPSY®, REM AT THE WRONG TIME® and NON-REM AT THE WRONG TIME®, as well as our brand and logo HB®, HB HARMONY BIOSCIENCES® and HARMONY BIOSCIENCES®. This report also includes trademarks, service marks and trade names of other companies. Trademarks, service marks and trade names appearing in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are the property of their respective owners.

24

Company Overview

We are a commercial-stage, pharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing innovative therapies for patients living with rare neurological diseases as well as patients living with other neurological who have unmet medical needs. Our product, WAKIX (pitolisant), is a first-in-class molecule with a novel mechanism of action (“MOA”) specifically designed to increase histamine signaling in the brain by binding to H₃ receptors. In August 2019, WAKIX was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (“EDS”) in adult patients with narcolepsy, and its U.S. commercial launch was initiated in November 2019. In October 2020, WAKIX was approved by the FDA for the treatment of cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy. WAKIX is the first-and-only approved product for patients with narcolepsy that is not scheduled as a controlled substance by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (the “DEA”).

We believe that pitolisant’s ability to regulate histamine gives it the potential to provide therapeutic benefit in other rare neurological diseases that are mediated through H₃ receptors and histamine signaling. We are taking a mechanism-based approach to managing the life cycle of pitolisant and identified idiopathic hypersomnia (“IH”), another central disorder of hypersomnolence like narcolepsy, as our next potential new indication for WAKIX, which received Orphan Drug designation by the FDA in September 2023. In April 2022, we initiated a Phase 3 registrational trial, the INTUNE Study, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pitolisant in adult patients with IH. We completed enrollment in the INTUNE study in May 2023 and we announced topline data on October 11, 2023. While the primary endpoint did not meet statistical significance, the totality of the data showed favorable trends for pitolisant in the treatment of adult patients with IH. We are currently analyzing the full data set to determine next steps, which include interactions with the FDA. We are focusing our development efforts on other rare neurological disorders in which EDS is a prominent symptom, including Prader-Willi Syndrome (“PWS”) and myotonic dystrophy, otherwise known as dystrophia myotonica (“DM”). Based on the positive signals from the data from our Phase 2 proof-of-concept signal detection clinical trial to evaluate pitolisant for the treatment of EDS and other key symptoms in patients with PWS, an end-of-phase 2 meeting with the FDA was held in June 2023. We aligned with the FDA on the proposed Phase 3 study design to support further investigation of pitolisant as a potential treatment to address the unmet medical need for children, adolescents and adults with PWS experiencing EDS, for which there is currently no approved treatment. In October 2023, we received FDA alignment of the protocol for the Phase 3 TEMPO study in patients with PWS, which will satisfy the requirements for both the registrational trial and pediatric exclusivity. We expect to initiate the Phase 3 study in the first quarter of 2024. In June 2021, we initiated a Phase 2 proof-of-concept clinical trial to evaluate pitolisant for the treatment of EDS, fatigue and cognitive dysfunction in adult patients with DM1 and we are on track for topline results from this trial in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Our partner, Bioprojet, completed a Phase 3 trial in pediatric patients with narcolepsy and received an approval from the European Medical Agency’s (“EMA”) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (“CHMP”) for a pediatric narcolepsy indication. We are working with Bioprojet towards the submission to the FDA of a supplemental NDA for pediatric narcolepsy, which we plan to submit in the fourth quarter of 2023. In addition, we made progress with FDA in gaining alignment on the requirements for pediatric exclusivity for WAKIX, which we are actively pursuing.

We are actively working to expand our pipeline through the acquisition of additional assets that focus on addressing the unmet needs of patients living with rare neurological diseases as well as patients living with other neurological who have unmet medical needs. We are targeting assets that will allow us to further leverage the expertise and infrastructure that we have successfully built at Harmony so we can optimize the benefit of internal synergies. Consistent with this objective, in July 2022, we entered into a License and Commercialization Agreement (the “2022 LCA”) with Bioprojet whereby we obtained exclusive rights to manufacture, develop and commercialize one or more new products based on pitolisant in the United States and Latin America, with the potential to add additional indications and formulations upon the agreement of both parties. The 2022 LCA has the potential to generate new intellectual property and extend the pitolisant franchise. We are co-developing the new formulations of pitolisant with Bioprojet and work is ongoing. One of the formulations was dosed in a phase 1 pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers in October 2023.

25

In addition, on October 10, 2023, we completed the acquisition of Zynerba Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Zynerba”), a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company focused on innovative pharmaceutically produced transdermal cannabidiol therapies for orphan neuropsychiatric disorders. Zynerba’s drug candidate is Zygel (also known as ZYN002), the first and only pharmaceutically-produced synthetic cannabidiol gel, devoid of THC, and formulated as a patent protected, permeation-enhanced gel for transdermal delivery. Zygel is currently in a pivotal Phase 3 study for the treatment of Fragile X Syndrome.

In August 2021, we entered into an asset purchase agreement with ConSynance Therapeutics, Inc. (the “APA”) to acquire HBS-102, a Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) antagonist previously developed as CSTI-100/ALB-127258(a)/ALB-127258 (the “Compound”), along with intellectual property and other assets related to the development, manufacture, and commercialization of the Compound. In connection with the acquisition, we made an upfront payment of $3.5 million and will be required to make additional payments upon the achievement of certain development milestones, regulatory milestones, and sales milestones and pay ongoing royalties upon commercialization. We acquired full development and commercialization rights globally, but we have provided a grant-back license to ConSynance for the development and commercialization of the Compound in Greater China. A preclinical proof-of-concept study to assess the effect of HBS-102 on hyperphagia, weight gain, and other metabolic parameters in a mouse model of PWS is ongoing. A thirteen week chronic toxicity study was initiated during the third quarter of 2023.

Pitolisant was developed by Bioprojet and approved by the EMA in 2016 for the treatment of narcolepsy in adult patients with or without cataplexy and in 2021 for the treatment of EDS in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea. We acquired an exclusive license to develop, manufacture and commercialize pitolisant in the United States pursuant to our license agreement with Bioprojet (as amended, the “2017 LCA”) in July 2017. Pitolisant was granted Orphan Drug Designation for the treatment of narcolepsy by the FDA in 2010. It received Breakthrough Therapy designation for the treatment of cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy and Fast Track status for the treatment of EDS and cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy in April 2018.

We were founded in July 2017 as Harmony Biosciences II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. We converted to a Delaware corporation named Harmony Biosciences II, Inc. in September 2017, and, in February 2020, we changed our name to Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc. Our operations are conducted by our wholly owned subsidiary, Harmony Biosciences, LLC, which was formed in May 2017. Our operations to date have consisted of building and staffing our organization, acquiring the rights to pitolisant, raising capital, opening an investigational new drug application (“IND”) for pitolisant in narcolepsy, conducting an Expanded Access Program (“EAP”) for pitolisant for appropriate patients with narcolepsy in the United States, preparing and submitting our NDA for pitolisant, gaining NDA approval for WAKIX for the treatment of EDS or cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy, and launching and commercializing WAKIX in the United States. In addition, we have opened INDs for the development of pitolisant in PWS, DM and IH and have initiated clinical trials in pursuit of potential new indications in those rare disease patient populations.

Commercial Performance Metrics

As of September 30, 2023, we continued to see growth in the number of unique healthcare professional (“HCP”) prescribers of WAKIX since it became available in November 2019. The average number of patients on WAKIX for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was approximately 5,800. Additionally, as of September 30, 2023, we have secured formulary access for more than 80% of all insured lives (Commercial, Medicare and Medicaid) in the United States. Within these covered lives, we have observed favorable access to WAKIX subsequent to the expanded approval of WAKIX for the treatment of cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy in October 2020.

26

Financial Operations Overview

Revenue

Net product sales includes gross sales of WAKIX less provisions for sales discounts and allowances, which includes trade allowances, rebates to government and commercial entities, and discounts. Although we expect net sales to increase over time, provisions for sales discounts and allowances may fluctuate based on the mix of sales to different customer segments and/or changes in our estimates.

Cost of Product Sales

Cost of product sales includes manufacturing and distribution costs, the cost of the drug substance, FDA program fees, royalties due to third parties on net product sales, freight, shipping, handling, storage costs and salaries of employees involved with production. We expect the cost of product sales to increase as we continue to ramp up production in order to meet future demand for WAKIX and diversify our supply chain for WAKIX.

The shelf life of WAKIX is three years from date of manufacture, with the earliest expiration of current inventory expected to be January 2025. We regularly review our inventory levels and expect write-offs from time to time. We will continue to assess inventory levels in future periods as demand for WAKIX and the rate of inventory turnover evolves. We currently expect to have adequate supply of WAKIX into the first quarter of 2025, with additional API on-hand inventory to support at least 36 months beyond this time frame.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses primarily include development programs for potential new indications for pitolisant in patients with IH, PWS and DM. We also incur research and development expenses related to our team of Medical Science Liaisons (“MSLs”) who interact with key opinion leaders, with a focus on the science, the role of histamine in sleep-wake state stability and the novel mechanism of action of pitolisant. In addition, our MSLs support our market access team with the presentation of clinical data to payors upon request and our clinical development team to identify potential clinical trial sites. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. We have significantly increased our research and development efforts as we advance our clinical programs in IH, PWS and DM and assess other product candidates to expand our pipeline. Research and development expenses also include:

● employee-related expenses, such as salaries, share-based compensation, benefits and travel expenses for our research and development personnel;

● direct third-party costs such as expenses incurred under agreements with CROs, and contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”);

● manufacturing costs in connection with producing materials for use in conducting clinical trials;

● costs related to packaging and labeling of clinical supplies;

● other third-party expenses (e.g., consultants, advisors) directly attributable to the development of our product candidates; and

● amortization expense for assets used in research and development activities.

We do not track research and development expenses on an indication-by-indication basis. A significant portion of our research and development costs are external costs, such as fees paid to CROs and CMOs,

27

central laboratories, contractors, and consultants in connection with our clinical development programs. Internal expenses primarily relate to personnel who are deployed across multiple programs.

Product candidates in later stages of clinical development generally have higher development costs than those in earlier stages of clinical development, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical trials, milestone payments, and the cost of submitting an NDA to the FDA (and/or other regulatory authorities). We expect our research and development expenses to be significant over the next several years as we advance our current clinical development programs and prepare to seek regulatory approval for additional indications for pitolisant, advance HBS-102 from preclinical studies into the clinic, and identify potential new product candidates to develop toward new indications.

At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate or know the nature, timing and estimated costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the development of any additional indications for pitolisant or other product candidates that we move forward for regulatory approval. There are numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing product candidates, including uncertainty related to:

● the duration, costs and timing of clinical trials of our current development programs and any further clinical trials related to new product candidates;

● the sufficiency of our financial and other resources to complete the necessary preclinical studies and clinical trials;

● the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including any future resurgence or new variants, on the ability to initiate new clinical trials and/or maintain the continuity of ongoing clinical trials, including our ability to access sleep labs in order to conduct objective sleep testing, that could be impacted by future shelter-in-place orders and needs of the health care system to focus on managing patients affected by COVID-19;

● receiving Bioprojet’s consent to pursue additional indications for pitolisant;

● the acceptance of INDs for our planned clinical trials or future clinical trials;

● the successful and timely enrollment and completion of clinical trials;

● the successful completion of preclinical studies and clinical trials;

● successful data from our clinical programs that support an acceptable risk-benefit profile of our product candidates in the intended populations;

● the receipt and maintenance of regulatory and marketing approvals from applicable regulatory authorities;

● establishing agreements with third-party manufacturers for clinical supply for our clinical trials and commercial manufacturing, if our product candidate is approved;

● the entry into collaborations to further the development of our product candidates;

● obtaining and maintaining patent and trade secret protection or regulatory exclusivity for our product candidates; and

● successfully launching our product candidates and achieving commercial sales, if and when approved.

28

A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of any of our programs or any product candidate we develop would significantly change the costs, timing and viability associated with the development and/or regulatory approval of such programs or product candidates.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Our sales and marketing expenses primarily relate to the market development and commercialization activities of WAKIX for the treatment of EDS and cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy. Market development and commercial activities account for a significant portion of our operating expenses and are expensed as incurred. We expect our sales and marketing expenses to increase in the near- and mid-term to support WAKIX’s indications for the treatment of EDS or cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy and to expand our portfolio with the anticipated growth from potential additional indications.

Sales and marketing expenses include:

● employee-related expenses, such as salaries, share-based compensation, benefits and travel expenses for our sales, marketing and market access personnel;

● healthcare professional-related expenses, including marketing programs, healthcare professional promotional medical education, disease education, conference exhibits and market research;

● patient-related expenses, including patient awareness and education programs, disease awareness education, patient reimbursement programs, patient support services and market research;

● market access expenses, including payor education, specialty pharmacy programs and services to support the continued commercialization of WAKIX; and

● secondary data purchases (i.e., patient claims and prescription data), data warehouse development and data management.

In addition, sales and marketing expenses include external costs such as website development, media placement fees, agency fees for patient, medical education and promotional expenses, market research, analysis of secondary data, conference fees and consulting fees.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses, such as salaries, share-based compensation, benefits and travel expenses for our personnel in executive, legal, finance and accounting, human resources, investor relations, and other administrative departments. General and administrative expenses also consist of office leases, and professional fees, including legal, tax and accounting and consulting fees.

We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will increase in the future to support our continued commercialization efforts, ongoing and future potential research and development activities, and increased costs of operating as a public company. These increases will likely be driven by costs associated with the hiring of additional personnel and fees paid to outside consultants, lawyers and accountants, among other expenses. Additionally, we anticipate increased costs associated with being a public company, including expenses related to services associated with maintaining compliance with the requirements of Nasdaq and the SEC, insurance and investor relations costs. If any of our current or future indication expansion programs or new product candidates obtain U.S. regulatory approval, we expect that we would incur significantly increased expenses associated with building a sales and marketing team.

29

Paragon Agreements

We were party to a management services agreement with Paragon Biosciences, LLC (“Paragon”), which was terminated upon the consummation of our IPO, pursuant to which Paragon provided us with certain professional services.

We are also party to a right-of-use agreement with Paragon whereby we have access to and the right to use certain office space leased by Paragon in Chicago, Illinois. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we paid fees of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, pursuant to this agreement.

Loss on Debt Extinguishment

Loss on debt extinguishment consists primarily of costs of extinguishment of debt during the applicable period related to the prepayment of our credit agreements.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net consists primarily of interest expense on debt facilities, amortization of debt issuance costs and amortization of premiums on our debt securities, partially offset by interest income earned on our cash and investment balances and accretion of the discount on our debt securities.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth selected items in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Net product revenues	$	160,268	$	117,206	$	413,610	$	309,547
Cost of product sales		32,296		22,959		78,084		56,596
Gross profit		127,972		94,247		335,526		252,951
Operating expenses:
Research and development		17,499		40,548		45,757		60,794
Sales and marketing		23,418		20,467		70,518		58,210
General and administrative		22,546		21,331		67,417		61,374
Total operating expenses		63,463		82,346		183,692		180,378
Operating income		64,509		11,901		151,834		72,573
Loss on debt extinguishment		(9,766)		—		(9,766)		—
Other (expense) income, net		(5)		56		(34)		96
Interest expense, net		(2,906)		(3,990)		(8,327)		(12,086)
Net income before provision for income taxes		51,832		7,967		133,707		60,583
Income tax (expense) benefit		(13,371)		79,976		(31,461)		72,376
Net income	$	38,461	$	87,943	$	102,246	$	132,959

Net Product Revenues

Net product revenues increased by $43.1 million, or 36.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and increased by $104.1 million, or 33.6%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the same periods in 2022. The increase for the three months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to a 28.2% increase in the number of units shipped, and the net impact of a 7.0% price increase. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to a 26.9% increase in number of units shipped,

30

and the net impact of a 7.0% price increase. The price increase for both comparable periods occurred in January 2023.

Cost of Product Sales

Cost of product sales increased by $9.3 million, or 40.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and increased by $21.5 million, or 38.0%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the same periods in 2022. Cost of product sales as a percentage of net product revenues was 20.2% and 18.9% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to 19.6% and 18.3% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The increase in cost of product sales in both comparable periods was due to higher royalties as a result of higher sales of WAKIX and the increase in cost of product sales as a percentage of net product revenues was due to entering a higher royalty tier earlier in 2023 compared to 2022.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses decreased by $23.0 million, or 56.8%, for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and decreased by $15.0 million, or 24.7%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the same periods in 2022. The decrease for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily driven by a $30 million licensing fee incurred upon entering the 2022 LCA with Bioprojet during the three months ended September 30, 2022, partially offset by a $5.7 million increase in clinical development work associated with IH, PWS and DM, a $0.9 million increase in personnel costs and a $0.5 million increase in stock compensation associated with new awards. The decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily driven by a $30 million licensing fee incurred upon entering the 2022 LCA with Bioprojet during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, partially offset by an $11.0 million increase in clinical development work associated with IH, PWS and DM, a $2.3 million increase in personnel costs, a $1.1 million increase in stock compensation associated with new awards and a $0.8 million IPR&D charge related to preclinical milestones achieved for HBS-102.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses increased by $3.0 million, or 14.4%, for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and increased by $12.3 million, or 21.1%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the same periods in 2022. The increase for the three months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to a $2.3 million increase in personnel costs and a $0.4 million increase in patient engagement and marketing activities. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to a $7.1 million increase in patient engagement and marketing activities and a $4.8 million increase in personnel costs. The increase in patient engagement and marketing activities for both comparable periods was driven by our continued growth of WAKIX and the increase in personnel costs for both comparable periods was related to our sales force expansion.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased by $1.2 million, or 5.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and increased by $6.0 million, or 9.8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to the same periods in 2022. The increase in the three months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to a $0.9 million increase in personnel costs and a $0.3 million increase in stock compensation associated with new awards. The increase in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to a $2.5 million increase in personnel costs, a $1.5 million increase to stock compensation associated with new awards and a $0.9 million increase in intangible asset amortization as a result of the $40.0 million milestone payment in March 2022 upon attaining $500.0 million in life-to-date aggregate net sales of WAKIX in the United States.

31

Loss on Debt Extinguishment

Loss on debt extinguishment was $9.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.  There was no comparable amount in the prior year periods related to the extinguishment of the Blackstone Credit Agreement (defined below).

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net decreased by $1.0 million, or 27.2%, for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and decreased by $3.8 million, or 31.1%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the same periods in 2022. The decrease for the three months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to a $2.6 million increase in interest income generated from our investments and cash equivalents, partially offset by $2.0 million in unamortized fees and ticking fees pertaining to the DDTL (defined below). The decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily due to a $7.4 million increase in interest income generated from our investments and cash equivalents and a $2.0 million increase in accretion of discount on our investments, partially offset by a $3.8 million increase in interest expense due to higher rates and $2.0 million in unamortized fees and ticking fees pertaining to the DDTL (defined below).  

Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $13.4 million, representing a 25.8% effective tax rate, for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and $31.5 million, or an effective tax rate of 23.5%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Income tax benefit was $80.0 million and $72.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30. 2022, respectively. The income tax benefit related to both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was due to the release of the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets, partially offset by current period provision for state and federal income taxes. The effective tax rate of 23.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 included 21.0% for the provision of federal income taxes and 4.7% for the provision of state income taxes, partially offset by a tax windfall benefit of 0.9% from the exercise of stock options and a 1.6% benefit from credits.

Liquidity, Sources of Funding and Capital Resources

Overview

To date, we have financed our operations primarily with (a) proceeds from sales of our convertible preferred stock; (b) borrowings under our debt agreements; (c) the proceeds from our IPO; and (d) the proceeds from the sale of common stock to Blackstone. From our inception through our IPO, we received aggregate proceeds of $345.0 million from sales of our convertible preferred stock. In August 2020, we completed the IPO of our common stock, in which we sold 6,151,162 shares of our common stock, including 802,325 shares of our common stock pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option. The shares were sold at a price of $24.00 per share for net proceeds of approximately $135.4 million. As of September 30, 2023, we had cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and investments of $438.6 million and an accumulated deficit of $169.9 million. As of September 30, 2023, we had outstanding debt of $200.0 million.

We have invested a portion of our available cash in money market funds, U.S. government and agency securities, corporate debt and commercial paper in accordance with our investment policy. Our investment policy defines allowable investments and establishes guidelines relating to credit quality, diversification, and maturities of our investments to preserve principal and maintain liquidity. All investment securities have a credit rating of at least A-2/P-2/F2 from at least two National Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations. Our investment portfolio may be adversely impacted by future disruptions in the credit markets.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared as though we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.

32

We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and investments on hand as of September 30, 2023, will enable us to meet our operational liquidity needs and fund our planned investing activities for the next 12 months. We have based our liquidity and cash flow projections on assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, and we could use our capital resources sooner than we expect.

Term Loan A Credit Agreement

On July 26, 2023, we entered into a Credit Agreement (the “TLA Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as “Administrative Agent”, and certain lenders. The TLA Credit Agreement provides for a five-year senior secured term loan (the “TLA Term Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $185.0 million.  

On September 21, 2023, we entered into the First Incremental Amendment (the “First Incremental Amendment”) with the Administrative Agent and Bank of America, N.A., as incremental lender. The First Incremental Amendment provides for an incremental senior secured term loan (the “Incremental Term Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $15.0 million. The First Incremental Amendment amends the TLA Credit Agreement and provides that the Incremental Term Loan will have identical terms as the TLA Term Loan.

The repayment schedule for both the TLA Term Loan and the Incremental Term Loan (together, the “Term Loans”) consists of $3.8 million quarterly principal payments, which commence on December 31, 2023, increasing to $5.0 million quarterly principal payments beginning on December 31, 2025, with a $115.0 million payment due on the maturity date of July 26, 2028. The Term Loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to, at our option, (i) a base rate plus a specified margin ranging from 2.50% to 3.00%, based on our senior secured net leverage ratio (as defined in the TLA Credit Agreement) or (ii) Term SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% plus a specified margin ranging from 3.50% to 4.00%, based on our senior secured net leverage ratio.

The TLA Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, financial covenants, representations and warranties, events of default and other provisions. We were in compliance with all covenants as of September 30, 2023.

Blackstone Credit Agreement

In August 2021, we entered into the Blackstone Credit Agreement that provided for (i) a senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate original principal amount of $200.0 million (the “Initial Term Loan”) and (ii) a senior secured delayed draw term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $100.0 million (the “DDTL” and, together with the Initial Term Loans, the “Loans”). The DDTL was initially available to draw down through August 9, 2022. In August 2022, we entered into an agreement to extend the expiration date of the DDTL to August 9, 2023, for which we paid a ticking fee at a rate of 1% per annum on the undrawn portion of the DDTL, which commenced on August 10, 2022. We used substantially all of the proceeds from the Blackstone Credit Agreement, and the related sale of our common stock, to repay the balance of the OrbiMed Credit Agreement.

In connection with the TLA Credit Agreement, we extinguished the Blackstone Credit Agreement, which required a payoff amount of $207.3 million consisting of principal repayment, interest, exit fees, a ticking fee and a prepayment premium. We recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $9.8 million relating to the Blackstone Credit Agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Share Repurchases

On August 1, 2023, our Board of Directors approved a program providing for the repurchase of shares of common stock in an aggregate amount of up to $125.0 million, excluding commissions and transaction fees. The repurchase program may be suspended, terminated or modified at any time for any reason. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we repurchased and cancelled 1,439,792 shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $50.0 million, excluding commissions and transaction fees. As of September 30, 2023 the remaining amount of common stock authorized for repurchases was $75.0 million.

33

Acquisitions

On October 10, 2023, we completed a tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) to acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock of Zynerba Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Zynerba Common Stock”).

Under the terms of the Tender Offer, we paid (i) $1.1059 per share of Zynerba Common Stock (the “Common Cash Amount”), plus (ii) one contingent value right (each, a “CVR”) per share of Zynerba Common Stock (the “Common CVR Amount”), which represents the right to receive up to approximately $2.5444 per share of Zynerba Common Stock, subject to the achievement of certain clinical, regulatory and sales-based milestones. Both the Common Cash Amount and Common CVR Amount are to be paid in cash, subject to any applicable withholding of taxes and without interest. The aggregate consideration we paid to acquire the Zynerba Common Stock upon completion of the Tender Offer was $60 million, exclusive of transaction related fees. We financed the acquisition with cash on hand.

Asset Purchase Agreement

In August 2021, we entered into the APA to acquire HBS-102, a potential first-in-class molecule with a novel mechanism of action. Under the terms of the agreement, we acquired full development and commercialization rights globally, with the exception of Greater China, for $3.5 million. Additionally, there are payments due upon the achievement of certain milestones, including $1.0 million for additional preclinical milestones (see “Recent Milestone Payments”), $19.0 million for development milestones, $44.0 million for regulatory milestones and $110.0 million for sales milestones.

License Agreement

In July 2022, we entered into the 2022 LCA with Bioprojet whereby we obtained exclusive rights to manufacture, develop and commercialize one or more new products based on pitolisant in the United States and Latin America, with the potential to add additional indications and formulations upon the agreement of both parties. We paid an initial, non-refundable $30.0 million licensing fee in October 2022 and additional payments of up to $155.0 million are potentially due under the 2022 LCA upon the achievement of certain future development and sales-based milestones. In addition, certain payments will become due upon the achievement of development milestones for new indications and formulations as agreed upon by both parties. The 2022 LCA also includes a fixed trademark royalty and a tiered royalty based on net sales of any new products commercialized, which will be payable to Bioprojet on a quarterly basis.

Recent Milestone Payments

In March 2023, we achieved a preclinical milestone, which triggered a $0.8 million payment under the provisions of the APA, which was paid in April 2023.  

In March 2022, we made a final $40.0 million milestone payment to Bioprojet upon WAKIX attaining $500.0 million in life-to-date aggregate net sales in the United States.

34

Cash Flows

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Selected cash flow data	(In thousands)
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	142,722	$	117,788
Investing activities		(10,374)		(94,937)
Financing activities		(52,029)		4,183

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 primarily consisted of net income of $102.2 million adjusted for non-cash items of $14.5 million related to deferred tax assets, $18.2 million related to intangible amortization and depreciation, $22.3 million related to stock-based compensation expense and $9.8 million related to loss on extinguishment of debt. Net working capital excluding cash increased by $3.4 million.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 consisted of net income of $133.0 million adjusted for non-cash items of $81.7 million related to deferred tax assets, $17.3 million related to intangible amortization and depreciation and $19.2 million related to stock-based compensation expense. Net working capital excluding cash increased by $27.9 million, which was partially due to the accrual of the $30.0 million licensing fee associated with the 2022 LCA.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $10.4 million, which was primarily attributable to $105.9 million in purchases of debt securities, partially offset by $95.7 million in proceeds from sales and maturities of investments and $0.2 million in purchases of property and equipment.

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $94.9 million, which was primarily attributable to a final $40.0 million milestone payment associated with the 2017 LCA and $55.6 million in purchases of debt securities, partially offset by $0.9 million in proceeds from sales and maturities of investments.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $52.0 million, which primarily consisted of $202.3 million in payments of principal and exit fees associated with the extinguishment of the Blackstone Credit Agreement, $50.0 million in share repurchases and $1.0 million in principal payments associated with the Blackstone Credit Agreement, partially offset by $197.0 million in proceeds associated with the TLA Credit Agreement, net of issuance costs, and $4.8 million in proceeds from exercised options.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $4.2 million, which primarily consisted of $5.3 million in proceeds from exercised options partially offset by $1.5 million in principal payments associated with the Blackstone Credit Agreement.

35

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the dates of the balance sheets and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting periods. In accordance with GAAP, we evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis.

Significant estimates include assumptions used in the determination of the amount of revenue recognized on sales of WAKIX, our costs incurred under services type agreements related to the performance of research and development activities, and the measurement of compensation expense pursuant to stock-based awards. We base our estimates on contractual terms, historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We define our critical accounting policies as those under GAAP that require us to make subjective estimates and judgments about matters that are uncertain and are likely to have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations, as well as the specific manner in which we apply those principles. During the quarter covered by this report, there were no material changes to the accounting policies and assumptions previously disclosed, except as disclosed in Note 3 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 3 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for recent accounting pronouncements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Interest Rate Fluctuation Risk

We are exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates. We invest a portion of our cash in investment-grade, interest-bearing securities. The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal, maintain liquidity and maximize total return. In order to achieve these objectives, we invest in money market funds, U.S. government and agency securities, corporate bonds and commercial paper in accordance with our investment policy. Our investment policy defines allowable investments and establishes guidelines relating to credit quality, diversification, and maturities of our investments to preserve principal and maintain liquidity. All investment securities have a credit rating of at least A-2/P-2/F2 from at least two National Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations. We do not have any direct investments in asset-backed securities, collateralized debt or loan obligations, or structured investment vehicles. Our primary exposure to market risk is interest income sensitivity, which is affected by changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. Based on our $312.0 million of investments in money market funds, U.S. treasury notes, corporate bonds and municipal obligations as of September 30, 2023, an immediate 10% change in market interest rates would not have a material impact on the fair market value of our investment portfolio or on our financial position or results of operations.

As of September 30, 2023, we had $200.0 million in borrowings outstanding. The Term Loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to, at our option, (i) a base rate plus a specified margin ranging from 2.50% to 3.00%, based on our senior secured net leverage ratio (as defined in the TLA Credit Agreement) or (ii) Term SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% plus a specified margin ranging from 3.50% to 4.00%, based on our senior secured net leverage ratio.. Based on the $200.0 million of principal outstanding as of September

36

30, 2023, an immediate 10% change in the SOFR would not have a material impact on our debt-related obligations, financial position or results of operations.

Foreign Currency Fluctuation Risk

We are not currently exposed to significant market risk related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates; however, we have contracted with and may continue to contract with foreign vendors that are located in Europe. Our operations may be subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates in the future.

Inflation Fluctuation Risk

Inflation generally affects us by increasing our cost of labor and clinical trial costs. We do not believe that inflation had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, including our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of September 30, 2023. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures

Our management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our Company have been detected.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, we may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising from the ordinary course of business. Our management believes that there are currently no claims or actions pending against us, the ultimate disposition of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

37

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In addition to the other information included in this report, you should carefully consider the discussion of risk factors affecting the Company as set forth in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in these reports are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and operating results.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table summarizes information about our purchases of shares of our common stock for each of the months during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

						Maxmium Approximate
				Total Number of Shares		Dollar Value
			Weighted Average	Shares of Common		of Shares of
	Total Number of		Price Paid	Stock Purchases		Common Stock that May
	Shares of Common		per Share of	as Part of Pubilicly		Yet to be Purchased
Period	Stock Purchased		Common Stock (1)	Announced Program (2)		under the Program (3)
July 1, 2023 through July 31, 2023	—	$	—	—	$	125,000
August 1, 2023 through August 31, 2023	764,800	$	32.81	764,800	$	99,910
September 1, 2023 through September 30, 2023	674,992	$	36.90	674,992	$	75,000
Total	1,439,792	$	34.73	1,439,792	$	75,000

(1) The weighted average price paid per share of common stock excludes commissions and transaction fees.

(2) On August 1, 2023, our Board of Directors approved a program providing for the repurchase of shares of common stock in an aggregate amount of up to $125.0 million, excluding commissions and transaction fees. The repurchase program may be suspended, terminated or modified at any time for any reason. Such repurchases may be pursuant to Rule 10b-18 or Rule 10b5-1 agreements as determined by our management and in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission. All repurchased shares of common stock shown in the table above were retired.

(3) The dollar amount shown (in thousands), represents, as of the end of each period, the approximate dollar value of shares of common stock that may yet to be purchased under our publicly announced share repurchase program, exclusive of any commissions and transaction fees. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any minimum dollar amount or number of shares of common stock.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities.

None.

38

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit		Incorporated by Reference
No.	Exhibit Description	Form	Date	Number
2.1+	Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated August 14, 2023, by and among Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc., Xylophone Acquisition Corp. and Zynerba Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	8-K/A	September 14, 2023	2.1
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc.	8-K	August 21, 2020	3.1
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws.	8-K	August 21, 2020	3.2
10.1	Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement dated October 4, 2023 with Sandip Kapadia	8-K	October 5, 2023	10.1
10.2	Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement dated October 4, 2023 with Jeffrey Dierks	8-K	October 5, 2023	10.2
10.3	Credit Agreement, dated as of July 26, 2023, by an among JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the lenders from time to time party thereto.	8-K	July 27, 2023	10.1
10.4	Guaranty, dated July 26, 2023, by and among each of the subsidiaries of Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent.	8-K	July 27, 2023	10.2
10.5	Pledge and Security Agreement, dated July 26, 2023, by and among Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc. and each of the subsidiaries of Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent.	8-K	July 27, 2023	10.3
10.6	First Incremental Amendment dated September 21, 2023 by and among Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and Bank of America, N.A., as incremental lender.	8-K	September 25, 2023	10.1
31.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101*	The following financial statements from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2023 formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Balance Sheets, (ii) Statements of Operations, (iii) Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and (vi) Notes to Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text and including detailed tags.
104*	Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Filed herewith.

39

** Furnished herewith. This certification is deemed furnished, and not filed, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

+ Schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby undertakes to furnish supplemental copies of any of the omitted schedules upon request by the SEC; provided, however, that the Company may request confidential treatment pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for any schedules so furnished.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

HARMONY BIOSCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.
By:	/s/ Jeffrey M. Dayno
Name:	Jeffrey M. Dayno
Title:	President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (principal executive officer)
Date:	October 31, 2023
By:	/s/ Sandip Kapadia
Name:	Sandip Kapadia
Title:	Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer (principal financial officer)
Date:	October 31, 2023

40

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer

I, Jeffrey M. Dayno, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: October 31, 2023	By:	/s/ Jeffrey M. Dayno
		Jeffrey M. Dayno
		President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer

I, Sandip Kapadia, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: October 31, 2023	By:	/s/ Sandip Kapadia
		Sandip Kapadia
		Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Pursuant To 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

as Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to such officer’s knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: October 31, 2023	By:	/s/ Jeffrey M. Dayno
		Jeffrey M. Dayno
		President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as a part of the Report or on a separate disclosure document.

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer

Pursuant To 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

as Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to such officer’s knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: October 31, 2023	By:	/s/ Sandip Kapadia
		Sandip Kapadia
		Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as a part of the Report or on a separate disclosure document.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 27, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39450
Entity Registrant Name	HARMONY BIOSCIENCES HOLDINGS, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	82-2279923
Entity Address, Address Line One	630 W.
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Germantown Pike
Entity Address, Address Line Three	Suite 215
Entity Address, City or Town	Plymouth Meeting
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	19462
City Area Code	484
Local Phone Number	539-9800
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.00001 value per share
Trading Symbol	HRMY
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		58,571,944
Entity Central Index Key	0001802665
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 324,603	$ 243,784
Investments, short-term	46,071	79,331
Trade receivables, net	67,264	54,740
Inventory, net	5,087	4,297
Prepaid expenses	14,269	9,347
Other current assets	5,704	8,786
Total current assets	462,998	400,285
NONCURRENT ASSETS:
Property and equipment, net	428	573
Restricted cash	250	750
Investments, long-term	67,700	22,568
Intangible assets, net	143,069	160,953
Deferred tax asset	100,485	85,943
Other noncurrent assets	2,836	2,798
Total noncurrent assets	314,768	273,585
TOTAL ASSETS	777,766	673,870
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Trade payables	6,539	3,786
Accrued compensation	10,322	11,532
Accrued expenses	72,761	59,942
Current portion of long-term debt	15,000	2,000
Other current liabilities	7,786	1,624
Total current liabilities	112,408	78,884
NONCURRENT LIABILITIES:
Long-term debt, net	182,131	189,647
Other noncurrent liabilities	1,895	2,501
Total noncurrent liabilities	184,026	192,148
TOTAL LIABILITIES	296,434	271,032
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 12)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Common stock-$0.00001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively; 58,571,944 shares and 59,615,731 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	1	1
Additional paid in capital	651,731	675,118
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(516)	(151)
Accumulated deficit	(169,884)	(272,130)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	481,332	402,838
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 777,766	$ 673,870

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Common stock, par value	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	58,571,944	59,615,731
Common stock, shares outstanding	58,571,944	59,615,731

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Net product revenues	$ 160,268	$ 117,206	$ 413,610	$ 309,547
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Product and Service [Extensible Enumeration]	us-gaap:ProductMember	us-gaap:ProductMember	us-gaap:ProductMember	us-gaap:ProductMember
Cost of product sold	$ 32,296	$ 22,959	$ 78,084	$ 56,596
Cost, Product and Service [Extensible Enumeration]	us-gaap:ProductMember	us-gaap:ProductMember	us-gaap:ProductMember	us-gaap:ProductMember
Gross profit	$ 127,972	$ 94,247	$ 335,526	$ 252,951
Operating expenses:
Research and development	17,499	40,548	45,757	60,794
Sales and marketing	23,418	20,467	70,518	58,210
General and administrative	22,546	21,331	67,417	61,374
Total operating expenses	63,463	82,346	183,692	180,378
Operating income	64,509	11,901	151,834	72,573
Loss on debt extinguishment	(9,766)		(9,766)
Other (expense) income, net	(5)	56	(34)	96
Interest expense, net	(2,906)	(3,990)	(8,327)	(12,086)
Income before income taxes	51,832	7,967	133,707	60,583
Income tax (expense) benefit	(13,371)	79,976	(31,461)	72,376
Net income	38,461	87,943	102,246	132,959
Unrealized income (loss) on investments	6	(149)	(365)	(178)
Comprehensive income	$ 38,467	$ 87,794	$ 101,881	$ 132,781
EARNINGS PER SHARE:
Basic	$ 0.64	$ 1.48	$ 1.71	$ 2.25
Diluted	$ 0.63	$ 1.44	$ 1.68	$ 2.18
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - basic	59,863,102	59,234,720	59,856,941	59,070,063
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - diluted	60,681,676	61,207,625	60,892,992	60,921,482

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock	Additional paid-in capital	Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	Accumulated deficit	Total
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 1	$ 640,104		$ (453,598)	$ 186,507
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021	58,825,769
Net income				132,959	132,959
Unrealized income (loss) on investments			$ (178)		(178)
Issuance of common stock		408			408
Issuance of common stock (in shares)	8,050
Exercise of stock options		5,275			5,275
Exercise of stock options, Shares	470,589
Stock-based compensation		18,913			18,913
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ 1	664,700	(178)	(320,639)	343,884
Ending balance, shares at Sep. 30, 2022	59,304,408
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 1	655,143	(29)	(408,582)	246,533
Beginning balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2022	59,117,749
Net income				87,943	87,943
Unrealized income (loss) on investments			(149)		(149)
Issuance of common stock		408			408
Issuance of common stock (in shares)	8,050
Exercise of stock options		2,143			2,143
Exercise of stock options, Shares	178,609
Stock-based compensation		7,006			7,006
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ 1	664,700	(178)	(320,639)	343,884
Ending balance, shares at Sep. 30, 2022	59,304,408
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 1	675,118	(151)	(272,130)	402,838
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2022	59,615,731
Net income				102,246	102,246
Unrealized income (loss) on investments			(365)		(365)
Repurchase of common stock		(50,543)			(50,543)
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)	(1,439,792)
Exercise of options and restricted stock units		4,314			$ 4,314
Exercise of options and restricted stock units, Shares	396,005
Exercise of stock options, Shares					367,376
Stock-based compensation		22,842			$ 22,842
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 1	651,731	(516)	(169,884)	481,332
Ending balance, shares at Sep. 30, 2023	58,571,944
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 1	694,038	(522)	(208,345)	485,172
Beginning balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2023	59,999,658
Net income				38,461	38,461
Unrealized income (loss) on investments			6		6
Repurchase of common stock		(50,543)			(50,543)
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)	(1,439,792)
Exercise of stock options		245			245
Exercise of stock options, Shares	12,078
Stock-based compensation		7,991			7,991
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 1	$ 651,731	$ (516)	$ (169,884)	$ 481,332
Ending balance, shares at Sep. 30, 2023	58,571,944

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$ 102,246	$ 132,959
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation	350	312
Intangible amortization	17,884	17,005
Stock-based and employee stock purchase compensation expense	22,842	18,913
Stock appreciation rights market adjustment	(531)	321
Debt issuance costs amortization	2,089	1,241
Deferred taxes	(14,542)	(81,679)
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on Investment securities	(2,031)
Loss on debt extinguishment	9,766
Other non-cash expenses	1,258	1,042
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade receivables	(12,524)	(20,222)
Inventory	(790)	532
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(1,759)	(4,704)
Trade payables	2,753	9,048
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	15,714	43,171
Other non-current liabilities	(3)	(151)
Net cash provided by operating activities	142,722	117,788
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of investment securities	(105,856)	(55,637)
Proceeds from maturities and sales of investment securities	95,687	872
Purchase of property and equipment	(205)	(172)
Milestone payments		(40,000)
Net cash used in investing activities	(10,374)	(94,937)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		408
Proceeds from long term debt	200,000
Debt issuance costs	(2,997)
Extinguishment of debt	(196,500)
Extinguishment of debt exit fees	(5,846)
Principal repayment of long term debt	(1,000)	(1,500)
Repurchase of common stock	(50,000)
Payments of employee withholding taxes related to stock-based awards	(514)
Proceeds from exercised options	4,828	5,275
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(52,029)	4,183
NET INCREASE IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH	80,319	27,034
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH-Beginning of period	244,534	235,059
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH-End of period	324,853	262,093
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid during the year for interest	15,653	11,334
Cash paid during the year for taxes	$ 36,543	$ 9,702

XML

Organization and Description of Business

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Organization and Description of Business

Organization and Description of Business

1. ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

The Company

Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc., and its consolidated subsidiary (the “Company”) was founded in July 2017 as Harmony Biosciences II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. The Company converted to a Delaware corporation named Harmony Biosciences II, Inc. in September 2017 and, in February 2020, the Company changed its name to Harmony Biosciences Holdings, Inc. The Company’s operations are conducted in its wholly owned subsidiary, Harmony Biosciences, LLC (“Harmony”), which was formed in May 2017. The Company is a commercial-stage pharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing innovative therapies for patients living with rare neurological diseases as well as patients living with other neurological diseases who have unmet medical needs. The Company is headquartered in Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania.

XML

Liquidity and Capital Resources

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Liquidity And Capital Resources

Liquidity and Capital Resources

2. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared as though the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company had an accumulated deficit of $169,884 and $272,130, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and investments of $438,374.

The Company believes that its existing cash, cash equivalents and investments on hand as of September 30, 2023, as well as additional cash generated from operating and financing activities will meet its operational liquidity needs and fund its planned investing activities for the next twelve months from the date of issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position for the periods presented. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023, the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, and the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, are unaudited. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, was derived from audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited annual financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The unaudited condensed consolidated results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that may occur for the full fiscal year. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted under the SEC’s rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read

in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, and elsewhere in this report. Actual results may differ significantly from estimates, which include rebates due pursuant to commercial and government contracts, accrued research and development expenses, stock-based compensation expense and income taxes.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash consist of cash and, if applicable, highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased, including investments in Money Market Funds and debt securities that approximate fair value. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the balance sheet and the statements of cash flows.

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	324,603	$	243,784
Restricted cash		250		750
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	324,853	$	244,534

Restricted cash includes amounts required to be held as a security deposit in the form of letters of credit for the Company’s credit card program and the fleet program.

Investments

The Company’s investments consist of debt securities that are classified as available-for-sale. Short-term and long-term investments are carried at fair value and unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a component of accumulated comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. The amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts adjust the carrying value of investments and are recorded in interest expense, net, on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Interest income and realized gains and losses, if any, are also recorded in interest expense, net, on the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses that result from the sale of investments are determined on a specific identification basis.

At each reporting period, the Company reviews any unrealized losses position to determine if the decline in the fair value of the underlying investments is a result of credit losses or other factors. If the assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, any impairment is recognized as an allowance for credit losses in our consolidated statement of operations.

Interest income generated from our investments and cash equivalents, which is included in interest expense, net, was $3,384 and $8,537 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to $828 and $1,145 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

Concentrations of Risk

Substantially all of the Company’s cash and money market funds are held in four financial institutions. Due to their size, the Company believes these financial institutions represent minimal credit risk. Deposits may

exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation for U.S. institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents. The Company believes that it is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

The Company is subject to credit risk from its trade receivables related to its product sales. The Company extends credit to specialty pharmaceutical distribution companies within the United States. Customer creditworthiness is monitored, and collateral is not required. Historically, the Company has not experienced credit losses on its accounts receivable. The Company monitors its exposure within accounts receivable and would record a reserve against uncollectible accounts receivable if necessary. As of September 30, 2023, three customers accounted for 100% of gross accounts receivable; Caremark LLC (“CVS Caremark”), which accounted for 37% of gross accounts receivable; Accredo Health Group, Inc. (“Accredo”), which accounted for 37% of gross accounts receivable; and PANTHERx Specialty Pharmacy LLC (“Pantherx”), which accounted for 26% of gross accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2022, three customers accounted for 100% of gross accounts receivable; CVS Caremark, which accounted for 41% of gross accounts receivable, Accredo, which accounted for 35% of gross accounts receivable; and Pantherx, which accounted for 24% of gross accounts receivable.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, three customers accounted for 100% of gross product revenues; CVS Caremark accounted for 37% of gross product revenues; Accredo accounted for 32% of gross product revenues; and Pantherx accounted for 31% of gross product revenues. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, three customers accounted for 100% of gross product revenues; CVS Caremark accounted for 40% of gross product revenues; Pantherx accounted for 30% of gross product revenues; and Accredo accounted for 30% of gross product revenues.

The Company depends on a single source supplier for each of its product and active pharmaceutical ingredient.

Share Repurchases

The Company accounts for share repurchases as constructive retirements, whereby it reduces common stock and additional paid-in capital by the amount of the original issuance, with any excess purchase price recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. Under this method, issued and outstanding shares of common stock are reduced by the amount of shares of common stock repurchased, and no treasury stock is recognized on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company did not adopt any new accounting pronouncements that had a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

XML

Investments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Investments

Investments

4. INVESTMENTS

The carrying value and amortized cost of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities, summarized by type of security, consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2023
		Amortized	Unrealized	Unrealized		Fair
		Cost	Gains	Losses		Value
Short-term:
Commercial paper	$	27,717	1	(13)	$	27,705
Corporate debt securities		16,456	3	(7)		16,452
U.S. government securities		1,915	—	(1)		1,914
Total short-term investments	$	46,088	4	(21)	$	46,071
Long-term:
Commercial paper	$	1,623	—	(2)	$	1,621
Corporate debt securities		39,497	14	(155)		39,356
U.S. government securities		27,079	—	(356)		26,723
Total long-term investments	$	68,199	14	(513)	$	67,700
	December 31, 2022
		Amortized	Unrealized	Unrealized		Fair
		Cost	Gains	Losses		Value
Short-term:
Commercial paper	$	26,553	15	(34)	$	26,534
Corporate debt securities		49,213	9	(73)		49,149
U.S. government securities		3,658	—	(10)		3,648
Total short-term investments	$	79,424	24	(117)	$	79,331
Long-term:
Commercial paper	$	853	1	—	$	854
Corporate debt securities		21,516	11	(68)		21,459
U.S. government securities		257	—	(2)		255
Total long-term investments	$	22,626	12	(70)	$	22,568

The Company classifies investments with an original maturity of less than one year as current and investments with an original maturity date of greater than one year as noncurrent on its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. The investments classified as noncurrent have original maturity dates ranging from 1-2 years. The Company did not have any available-for-sale debt security investments in a continuous unrealized loss position of greater than 12 months as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

XML

Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities, all of which are short term in nature and, accordingly, approximate fair value.

It is the Company’s policy to measure non-financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These non-financial assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (such as evidence of impairment), which, if material, are disclosed in the accompanying footnotes.

The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value based on the fair value hierarchy that prioritizes inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels based on the source of inputs as follows:

Level 1—Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Valuations based on observable inputs and quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities.

Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs and models that are supported by little or no market activity.

Money market funds are classified as Level 1 fair value instruments. Investments in available-for-sale debt securities are classified as Level 2 and carried at fair value, which we estimate utilizing a third-party pricing service. The pricing service utilizes industry standard valuation models whereby all significant inputs, including benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, bids, offers, or other market-related data, are observable. We validate valuations obtained from third-party services by obtaining market values from other pricing sources. The Company did not classify any assets or liabilities as Level 3 as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

The Company’s assets measured at fair value consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
		Total	Level 1	Level 2		Total	Level 1	Level 2
Assets
Cash equivalents	$	198,135	198,135	—	$	184,977	184,977	—
Commercial paper		29,326	—	29,326		27,388	—	27,388
Corporate debt securities		55,808	—	55,808		70,608	—	70,608
U.S. government securities		28,637	—	28,637		3,903	—	3,903
Total	$	311,906	198,135	113,771	$	286,876	184,977	101,899

XML

Inventory

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Inventory

Inventory

6. INVENTORY

Inventory, net consisted of the following:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Raw materials	$	932	$	838
Work in process		1,833		1,513
Finished goods		2,611		2,565
Inventory, gross		5,376		4,916
Reserve for excess inventory		(289)		(619)
Total inventory, net	$	5,087	$	4,297

XML

Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets

7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

In August 2019, the Company received FDA approval of WAKIX® (pitolisant) for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (“EDS”) in adult patients with narcolepsy. This event triggered a milestone payment of $75,000 under the provisions of the 2017 LCA (defined below) which the Company capitalized as an intangible asset. The Company determined a useful life of 10 years for such intangible asset, and, as of September 30, 2023, the remaining useful life was 6.0 years.

In October 2020, the Company received FDA approval for the New Drug Application (“NDA”) for WAKIX for the treatment of cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy. This event triggered a milestone payment of $100,000 under the provisions of the 2017 LCA which the Company capitalized as an intangible asset and paid in January of 2021. The Company determined a useful life of 9 years for such intangible asset, and, as of September 30, 2023, the remaining useful life was 6.0 years.

In February 2022, the Company attained $500,000 in life-to-date aggregate net sales of WAKIX in the United States. This event triggered a final $40,000 payment under the provisions of the 2017 LCA which the Company capitalized as an intangible asset and paid in March of 2022. The Company determined a useful life of 7.6 years for such intangible asset, and, as of September 30, 2023, the remaining useful life was 6.0 years.

Amortization expense was $5,962 and $5,961 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $17,884 and $17,005 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is recorded in general and administrative expenses on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

The Company expects the future annual amortization expense for the unamortized intangible assets to be as follows:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	5,961
2024		23,845
2025		23,845
2026		23,845
2027		23,845
Thereafter		41,728
Total	$	143,069

The gross carrying amount and net book value of the intangible asset is as follows:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Gross Carrying Amount	$	215,000	$	215,000
Accumulated Amortization		(71,931)		(54,047)
Net Book Value	$	143,069	$	160,953

XML

License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements

License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements

8. LICENSE AGREEMENTS AND ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENTS

License Agreements

In July 2017, Harmony entered into a License Agreement (the “2017 LCA”) with Bioprojet Société Civile de Recherche (“Bioprojet”) whereby Harmony acquired the exclusive right to commercialize the pharmaceutical compound pitolisant for the treatment, and/or prevention, of narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, idiopathic hypersomnia, and Parkinson’s disease as well as any other indications unanimously agreed by the parties in the United States and its territories. A milestone payment of $50,000 was due upon acceptance by the FDA of

pitolisant’s NDA, which was achieved in February 2019 and was expensed within research and development for the year ended December 31, 2019. A milestone payment of $77,000, which included a $2,000 fee that is described below, was due upon FDA approval of WAKIX (pitolisant) for treatment of EDS in adult patients with narcolepsy, which was achieved in August 2019. The $2,000 payment and $75,000 milestone payment were paid in August and November 2019, respectively. In addition, a milestone payment of $102,000, which included a $2,000 fee was due upon the FDA approval of the NDA for WAKIX for the treatment of cataplexy in adult patients with narcolepsy. The $2,000 payment was paid in October 2020 and a $100,000 milestone payment was paid in January 2021. A final $40,000 milestone payment was paid to Bioprojet in March 2022 upon WAKIX attaining $500,000 in aggregate net sales in the United States. The 2017 LCA also requires a fixed trademark royalty and a tiered royalty based on net sales, which is payable to Bioprojet on a quarterly basis. The Company incurred $29,665 and $20,944 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $71,267 and $51,741 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, for sales-based, trademark and tiered royalties recognized as cost of product sold. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had accrued $29,665 and $25,367, respectively, for sales-based, trademark and tiered royalties.  

On July 31, 2022, Harmony entered into a License and Commercialization Agreement (the “2022 LCA”) with Bioprojet whereby Harmony obtained exclusive rights to manufacture, use and commercialize one or more new products based on pitolisant in the United States and Latin America, with the potential to add additional indications and formulations upon agreement of both parties. Harmony paid an initial, non-refundable $30,000 licensing fee in October 2022 and additional payments of up to $155,000 are potentially due under the 2022 LCA upon the achievement of certain future development and sales-based milestones. In addition, there are other payments due upon achievement of development milestones for new indications and formulations as agreed upon by both parties. The 2022 LCA also requires a fixed trademark royalty and a tiered royalty based on net sales upon commercialization, which will be payable to Bioprojet on a quarterly basis.

Agreement Related to Intellectual Property

In August 2021, the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement with ConSynance Therapeutics, Inc. (the “APA”) to acquire HBS-102 (formerly referred to as “CSTI-100”), a potential first-in-class molecule with a novel mechanism of action. Under the terms of the APA, the Company acquired full development and commercialization rights globally, with the exception of Greater China, for $3,500. The Company accounted for the transaction as an asset acquisition as substantially all of the fair value of the assets acquired was concentrated in a single identified asset. In March 2023, the Company achieved a preclinical milestone, which triggered a $750 payment under the provisions of the APA, which the Company recognized as an IPR&D charge recorded in research and development within the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. There are additional payments due under the APA upon the achievement of certain milestones including $1,000 for preclinical milestones, $19,000 for development milestones, $44,000 for regulatory milestones and $110,000 for sales milestones.

XML

Accrued Expenses

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Accrued Expenses

Accrued Expenses

9. ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consist of the following:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Royalties due to Bioprojet	$	29,665	$	25,367
Rebates and other sales deductions		31,853		27,860
Interest		3,140		3,286
Selling and marketing		2,253		1,135
Research and development		2,190		358
Professional fees, consulting, and other services		1,841		1,163
Other expenses		1,819		773
	$	72,761	$	59,942

XML

Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt

Debt

10. DEBT

Term Loan A Credit Agreement

On July 26, 2023, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “TLA Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as “Administrative Agent”, and certain lenders. The TLA Credit Agreement provides for a five-year senior secured term loan (the “TLA Term Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $185,000.

On September 21, 2023, the Company entered into the First Incremental Amendment (the “First Incremental Amendment”) with the Administrative Agent and Bank of America, N.A., as incremental lender. The First Incremental Amendment provides for an incremental senior secured term loan (the “Incremental Term Loan”) in an aggregate principal amount of $15,000. The First Incremental Amendment amends the TLA Credit Agreement and provides that the Incremental Term Loan will have identical terms as the TLA Term Loan.

The repayment schedule for both the TLA Term Loan and the Incremental Term Loan (together, the “Term Loans”) consists of quarterly $3,750 principal payments, which commence on December 31, 2023, increasing to quarterly $5,000 principal payments beginning on December 31, 2025, with a $115,000 payment due on the maturity date of July 26, 2028. The Term Loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to, at the Company’s option, (i) a base rate plus a specified margin ranging from 2.50% to 3.00%, based on the Company’s senior secured net leverage ratio (as defined in the TLA Credit Agreement) or (ii) Term SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% plus a specified margin ranging from 3.50% to 4.00%, based on the Company’s senior secured net leverage ratio.

The net cash received related to the Term Loans as a result of the transactions, less debt issuance costs of $2,997, was $197,003. The debt issuance costs related to the Term Loans will be amortized as additional interest expense over the loan term of the TLA Credit Agreement. The fair value of the Term Loans as of September 30, 2023 was $199,820.

Blackstone Credit Agreement

In August 2021, the Company entered into the Blackstone Credit Agreement that provided for (i) a senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate original principal amount of $200,000 (the “Initial Term Loan”) and (ii) a senior secured delayed draw term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $100,000 (the “DDTL”). The DDTL was initially available to draw down through August 9, 2022. In August 2022, the Company entered into an agreement to extend the expiration date of the DDTL to August 9, 2023, for which the Company would pay a ticking fee at a rate of 1% per annum on the undrawn portion of the DDTL (the “Ticking Fee”), which commenced on August 10, 2022.

Net cash received from the Initial Term Loan was $191,849, net of debt issuance costs of $8,151. In addition, the Company paid $1,000 in debt issuance costs relating to the DDTL, which was initially recorded in other current assets within the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.

In connection with the TLA Credit Agreement, the Company extinguished the Blackstone Credit Agreement, which required a payoff amount of $207,308 consisting of principal repayment, interest, exit fees, Ticking Fee and a prepayment premium. The Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $9,766 relating to the Blackstone Credit Agreement within the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operation and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. In addition, the Company recognized $1,972 relating to unamortized debt issuance costs relating to the DDTL and the Ticking Fee, which was recorded in interest expense, net within the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Long-term debt, net consists of the following:

	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Liability component - principal	$	200,000	$	197,500
Unamortized debt discount associated with debt financing costs		(2,869)		(5,853)
Liability component - net carrying value		197,131		191,647
Less current portion		(15,000)		(2,000)
Long-term debt, net	$	182,131	$	189,647

Future minimum payments relating to long-term debt, net as of September 30, 2023, for the periods indicated below consists of the following:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	3,750
2024		15,000
2025		16,250
2026		20,000
2027		20,000
Thereafter		125,000
Total	$	200,000

Interest expense related to the Company’s long-term debt, net, is included in interest expense, net in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and consists of the following:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Interest on principal balance	$	4,791	$	4,513	$	15,900	$	12,110
Amortization of deferred financing costs		2,221		418		3,061		1,241
Total term loan interest expense	$	7,012	$	4,931	$	18,961	$	13,351

XML

Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Leases

Leases

11. LEASES

In June 2018, the Company entered into an operating lease for approximately fifteen thousand square feet of office space in Plymouth Meeting, PA, which expires in May 2024. The Company subsequently entered into two separate operating leases for additional office space in Plymouth Meeting, PA, which include approximately thirteen thousand square feet and seven thousand square feet of additional office space, respectively, and expire in May 2024. The terms of the lease payments provide for rental payments on a monthly basis and on a graduated scale. The Company also leases a fleet of automobiles that are used by its sales representatives and are classified as operating leases.

Operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future lease payments using our incremental borrowing rate. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Our leases have remaining lease terms of less than 1 year to 3 years, some of which may include the option to extend or terminate the leases.

The Company recorded operating lease costs of $473 and $378 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1,295 and $1,155 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

As of September 30, 2023, the weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases was 1.8 years and the weighted-average discount rate for operating leases was 6.0%.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows:

Leases	Classification		September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Other noncurrent assets	$	2,456	$	2,312
Liabilities
Operating lease liability, current portion	Other current liabilities	$	1,683	$	1,614
Operating lease liability, long-term	Other long-term liabilities		901		975
Total operating lease liabilities		$	2,584	$	2,589

Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:

		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	1,448	$	1,297
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$	1,592	$	485

Future payments under noncancelable operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of September 30, 2023 consisted of the following:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	558
2024		1,407
2025		532
2026		252
2027		—
Thereafter		—
Total lease payments		2,749
Less: imputed interest		(165)
Total lease liabilities	$	2,584

XML

Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies.

Commitments and Contingencies

12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is subject to claims and suits arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues such liabilities when they are known, if they are deemed probable and can be reasonably estimated. As of September 30, 2023, there were no material claims or suits outstanding.

XML

Stockholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity

13. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of the Company’s stockholders. The holders of common stock do not have any cumulative voting rights. Holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends declared by the Company’s board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding preferred stock. The Company’s common stock has no preemptive rights, conversion rights or other subscription rights or redemption or sinking fund provisions.

Share Repurchase Program

On August 1, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a program providing for the repurchase of shares of common stock in an aggregate amount of up to $125,000, excluding commissions and transaction fees (the “August 2023 Repurchase Program”). The August 2023 Repurchase Program may be suspended, terminated or modified at any time for any reason. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased and cancelled 1,439,792 shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $50,000, exclusive of commissions and transaction fees. As of September 30, 2023 the remaining amount of common stock authorized for repurchases was $75,000.

See Note 18 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for information related to the termination of the August 2023 Repurchase Program as of October 27, 2023.

XML

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation

14. STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

2020 Stock Incentive Plan

In connection with the Company’s IPO, the board of directors adopted, and its stockholders approved, the 2020 Incentive Award Plan (the “2020 Plan”), in order to facilitate the grant of cash and equity incentives to directors, employees (including the Company’s named executive officers) and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, including incentive stock options (“ISOs”) and non-qualified stock options (“NSOs”), SARs, restricted stock, dividend equivalents, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and other stock or cash-based awards.

Stock options and stock appreciation rights under the 2020 Plan have a 10-year contractual term and vest over the vesting period specified in the applicable award agreement, at achievement of a performance requirement, or upon change of control (as defined in the applicable plan). RSUs vest over the vesting period specified in the applicable award agreement, at achievement of a performance requirement, or upon change of control (as defined in the applicable plan). As of September 30, 2023, there were 6,755,091 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan. The number of shares that may be issued under the 2020 Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each year in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 4.0% of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding year or (ii) an amount determined by the Company’s board of directors.

2017 Stock Incentive Plan

In August 2017, the Company adopted an equity incentive plan (the “2017 Plan”). Under the 2017 Plan, directors, officers, employees, consultants, and advisors of the Company can be paid incentive compensation measured by the value of the Company’s shares of common stock through grants of stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), or restricted stock. Following the adoption of the 2020 Plan, no further grants have been, or will be, made under the 2017 Plan. However, the 2017 Plan will continue to govern the terms and conditions of outstanding awards granted under it.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual
	Awards	Price		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	6,460,947	$	30.90	7.86
Awards issued	376,422	$	36.71
Awards exercised	(367,376)	$	12.02
Awards forfeited	(206,318)	$	24.84
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	6,263,675	$	32.55	7.39

Stock Appreciation Rights

The following table summarizes SARs activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual
	Awards	Price		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	43,208	$	9.38	6.32
Awards issued	—	$	—
Awards exercised	—	$	—
Awards forfeited	—	$	—
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	43,208	$	9.38	5.58

Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Grant Date		Contractual
	Awards	Fair Value		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	60,000	$	29.03	8.24
Awards issued	—	$	—
Awards vested	(30,000)	$	29.03
Awards forfeited	—	$	—
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	30,000	$	29.03	7.49

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, stock awards issued under the 2017 and 2020 Plans of 3,141,836 and 1,818,045 shares of common stock, respectively, were vested.

Value of Stock Options and SARs

The Company values options and SARs using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company lacks sufficient historical company-specific volatility information. Therefore, the Company estimates expected stock volatility based on historical volatility of peer companies and expects to continue to do so until such time as it has adequate historical data regarding the volatility of its own traded stock price. For options with service-

based vesting conditions, the expected term of the Company’s stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards that qualify as “plain-vanilla” options. For SARs, the expected term is based upon the weighting of certain future events. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for the time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. An expected dividend yield of 0% is based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends and does not expect to do so in the foreseeable future.

The assumptions used to value the awards are summarized in the following table.

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Dividend yield	0.00	%	0.00	%
Expected volatility	76.32 - 80.21	%	72.57 - 77.08	%
Risk-free interest rate	3.42 - 4.61	%	1.99 - 4.05	%
Lack of marketability discount	0.00	%	0.00	%
Expected term (years)	2.4 - 6.3		3.1 - 6.3

Value of RSUs

The fair value of RSUs is equal to the value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date.

The weighted average per share fair value of awards issued under the 2017 Plan and 2020 Plan was $20.13 and $18.88 on September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, was recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income in the following line items:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Research and development expense	$	1,030	$	522	$	2,962	$	1,866
Sales and marketing expense		1,218		1,096		3,437		2,956
General and administrative expense		5,709		5,349		15,912		14,412
	$	7,957	$	6,967	$	22,311	$	19,234

Stock-based compensation expense, net related to options and RSUs issued under the 2017 Plan and 2020 Plan is included in stockholder’s equity, and a liability for SARs is included in other non-current liabilities, in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2023, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to options and RSUs was $67,842. Such amount will be recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations over a weighted average period of 2.4 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on April 30, 2021. The ESPP permits eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a 15% discount from the lesser of the fair market value per share of the Company’s common stock on the first day of the offering period or the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the purchase date. Funds are collected from employees through after-tax payroll deductions. The total number of shares reserved for issuance under the ESPP was initially 629,805, which will automatically increase on January 1 of each year in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on

December 31 of the preceding year or (ii) an amount determined by the Company’s board of directors. It is intended that the ESPP meet the requirements for an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. There were no shares issued under the ESPP for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and there were 14,043 and 14,889 shares issued under the ESPP for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The discount on the ESPP was $100 and $86 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $308 and $271 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is recorded within stock-based compensation expense.

XML

Earnings per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Earnings per Share

Earnings per Share

15. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted net income per share of common is computed under the treasury stock method by using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, plus, for periods with net income, the potential dilutive effects of stock options, stock appreciation rights and restricted stock units.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator
Net income	$	38,461	$	87,943	$	102,246	$	132,959
Denominator
Net income per share of common stock - basic	$	0.64	$	1.48	$	1.71	$	2.25
Net income per share of common stock- diluted	$	0.63	$	1.44	$	1.68	$	2.18
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - basic		59,863,102		59,234,720		59,856,941		59,070,063
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - diluted		60,681,676		61,207,625		60,892,992		60,921,482

Securities outstanding that were included in the computation above, utilizing the treasury stock method are as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock options, SARs, and RSUs to purchase common stock		818,574		1,972,905		1,036,051		1,851,419

Potential shares of common stock issuable that were excluded from the computation of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding excluded from the numerator, are as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock options, SARs, and RSUs to purchase common stock		5,518,309		4,754,958		5,300,832		4,876,444

XML

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

16. INCOME TAXES

A reconciliation between the statutory federal income tax rate and the Company’s effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Federal income tax rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
Stock-based compensation	—		(17.0)		(0.9)		4.4
State taxes	4.0		(22.1)		4.7		(0.5)
Credits	0.2		—		(1.6)		(0.2)
Other	0.6		—		0.3		0.7
Valuation allowance	—		(985.7)		—		(144.9)
Total	25.8	%	(1,003.8)	%	23.5	%	(119.5)	%

XML

Related-party Transactions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Related-party Transactions

Related-party Transactions

17. RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company was party to a management agreement for professional services provided by a related party, Paragon Biosciences, LLC (“Paragon”). The related party is an entity that shares common ownership with the Company. In addition, the Chairman of the Company’s board of directors was the President and owner of the entity. The Company terminated the management agreement upon the consummation of its IPO. The Company is also party to a right of use agreement with the related party whereby it has access to and the right to use certain office space leased by the related party in Chicago, IL. In addition, the Company had participated in certain transactions with separate related parties that also share common ownership with the Company, primarily related to combined employee health plans. The Company incurred $73 and $71 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and incurred $218 and $213 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, in expenses to this related party, which are included in general and administrative expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no amounts due to or due from related parties included in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

XML

Subsequent Events

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events

18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On October 10, 2023, the Company completed a tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) to acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock of Zynerba Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Zynerba Common Stock”), a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company focused on innovative pharmaceutically produced transdermal cannabidiol therapies for orphan neuropsychiatric disorders, including Fragile X syndrome.

Under the terms of the Tender Offer, the Company paid (i) $1.1059 per share of Zynerba Common Stock (the “Common Cash Amount”), plus (ii) one contingent value right (each, a “CVR”) per share of Zynerba Common Stock (the “Common CVR Amount”) for each holder of Zynerba Common Stock upon the closing of the Tender Offer, which represents the right to receive up to approximately $2.5444 per share of Zynerba Common Stock, subject to the achievement of certain clinical, regulatory and sales-based milestones. Both the Common Cash Amount and Common CVR Amount are to be paid in cash, subject to any applicable withholding of taxes and without interest. The aggregate consideration paid by the Company to acquire the Zynerba Common Stock upon completion of the Tender Offer was $60,000, exclusive of transaction related fees. The Company financed the acquisition with cash on hand.

On October 27, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a program providing for the repurchase of shares of common stock in an aggregate amount of up to $200,000, excluding commissions and transaction fees (the “October 2023 Repurchase Program”). The board simultaneously terminated the August 2023 Repurchase Program and any remaining amount authorized for the repurchase of shares. The October 2023 Repurchase Program may be suspended, terminated, or modified at any time for any reason.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position for the periods presented. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023, the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, and the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, are unaudited. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, was derived from audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited annual financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The unaudited condensed consolidated results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that may occur for the full fiscal year. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted under the SEC’s rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read

in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, and elsewhere in this report. Actual results may differ significantly from estimates, which include rebates due pursuant to commercial and government contracts, accrued research and development expenses, stock-based compensation expense and income taxes.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash consist of cash and, if applicable, highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased, including investments in Money Market Funds and debt securities that approximate fair value. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the balance sheet and the statements of cash flows.

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	324,603	$	243,784
Restricted cash		250		750
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	324,853	$	244,534

Restricted cash includes amounts required to be held as a security deposit in the form of letters of credit for the Company’s credit card program and the fleet program.

Investments

Investments

The Company’s investments consist of debt securities that are classified as available-for-sale. Short-term and long-term investments are carried at fair value and unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a component of accumulated comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. The amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts adjust the carrying value of investments and are recorded in interest expense, net, on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Interest income and realized gains and losses, if any, are also recorded in interest expense, net, on the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses that result from the sale of investments are determined on a specific identification basis.

At each reporting period, the Company reviews any unrealized losses position to determine if the decline in the fair value of the underlying investments is a result of credit losses or other factors. If the assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, any impairment is recognized as an allowance for credit losses in our consolidated statement of operations.

Interest income generated from our investments and cash equivalents, which is included in interest expense, net, was $3,384 and $8,537 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to $828 and $1,145 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

Concentrations of Risk

Concentrations of Risk

Substantially all of the Company’s cash and money market funds are held in four financial institutions. Due to their size, the Company believes these financial institutions represent minimal credit risk. Deposits may

exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation for U.S. institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents. The Company believes that it is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

The Company is subject to credit risk from its trade receivables related to its product sales. The Company extends credit to specialty pharmaceutical distribution companies within the United States. Customer creditworthiness is monitored, and collateral is not required. Historically, the Company has not experienced credit losses on its accounts receivable. The Company monitors its exposure within accounts receivable and would record a reserve against uncollectible accounts receivable if necessary. As of September 30, 2023, three customers accounted for 100% of gross accounts receivable; Caremark LLC (“CVS Caremark”), which accounted for 37% of gross accounts receivable; Accredo Health Group, Inc. (“Accredo”), which accounted for 37% of gross accounts receivable; and PANTHERx Specialty Pharmacy LLC (“Pantherx”), which accounted for 26% of gross accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2022, three customers accounted for 100% of gross accounts receivable; CVS Caremark, which accounted for 41% of gross accounts receivable, Accredo, which accounted for 35% of gross accounts receivable; and Pantherx, which accounted for 24% of gross accounts receivable.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, three customers accounted for 100% of gross product revenues; CVS Caremark accounted for 37% of gross product revenues; Accredo accounted for 32% of gross product revenues; and Pantherx accounted for 31% of gross product revenues. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, three customers accounted for 100% of gross product revenues; CVS Caremark accounted for 40% of gross product revenues; Pantherx accounted for 30% of gross product revenues; and Accredo accounted for 30% of gross product revenues.

The Company depends on a single source supplier for each of its product and active pharmaceutical ingredient.

Share Repurchases

Share Repurchases

The Company accounts for share repurchases as constructive retirements, whereby it reduces common stock and additional paid-in capital by the amount of the original issuance, with any excess purchase price recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. Under this method, issued and outstanding shares of common stock are reduced by the amount of shares of common stock repurchased, and no treasury stock is recognized on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company did not adopt any new accounting pronouncements that had a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Schedule of reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the balance sheet and the statements of cash flows.

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	324,603	$	243,784
Restricted cash		250		750
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$	324,853	$	244,534

XML

Investments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Investments

Schedule of carrying value and amortized cost of available-for-sale debt securities

The carrying value and amortized cost of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities, summarized by type of security, consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2023
		Amortized	Unrealized	Unrealized		Fair
		Cost	Gains	Losses		Value
Short-term:
Commercial paper	$	27,717	1	(13)	$	27,705
Corporate debt securities		16,456	3	(7)		16,452
U.S. government securities		1,915	—	(1)		1,914
Total short-term investments	$	46,088	4	(21)	$	46,071
Long-term:
Commercial paper	$	1,623	—	(2)	$	1,621
Corporate debt securities		39,497	14	(155)		39,356
U.S. government securities		27,079	—	(356)		26,723
Total long-term investments	$	68,199	14	(513)	$	67,700
	December 31, 2022
		Amortized	Unrealized	Unrealized		Fair
		Cost	Gains	Losses		Value
Short-term:
Commercial paper	$	26,553	15	(34)	$	26,534
Corporate debt securities		49,213	9	(73)		49,149
U.S. government securities		3,658	—	(10)		3,648
Total short-term investments	$	79,424	24	(117)	$	79,331
Long-term:
Commercial paper	$	853	1	—	$	854
Corporate debt securities		21,516	11	(68)		21,459
U.S. government securities		257	—	(2)		255
Total long-term investments	$	22,626	12	(70)	$	22,568

XML

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Fair Value Measurements

Schedule of assets measured at fair value

The Company’s assets measured at fair value consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
		Total	Level 1	Level 2		Total	Level 1	Level 2
Assets
Cash equivalents	$	198,135	198,135	—	$	184,977	184,977	—
Commercial paper		29,326	—	29,326		27,388	—	27,388
Corporate debt securities		55,808	—	55,808		70,608	—	70,608
U.S. government securities		28,637	—	28,637		3,903	—	3,903
Total	$	311,906	198,135	113,771	$	286,876	184,977	101,899

XML

Inventory (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Inventory

Schedule of inventory net

Inventory, net consisted of the following:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Raw materials	$	932	$	838
Work in process		1,833		1,513
Finished goods		2,611		2,565
Inventory, gross		5,376		4,916
Reserve for excess inventory		(289)		(619)
Total inventory, net	$	5,087	$	4,297

XML

Intangible Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Intangible Assets

Schedule of expected future annual amortization expense for unamortized intangible assets

The Company expects the future annual amortization expense for the unamortized intangible assets to be as follows:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	5,961
2024		23,845
2025		23,845
2026		23,845
2027		23,845
Thereafter		41,728
Total	$	143,069

Schedule of gross carrying amount and net book value of intangible assets

The gross carrying amount and net book value of the intangible asset is as follows:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Gross Carrying Amount	$	215,000	$	215,000
Accumulated Amortization		(71,931)		(54,047)
Net Book Value	$	143,069	$	160,953

XML

Accrued Expenses (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Accrued Expenses

Schedule of accrued expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following:

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Royalties due to Bioprojet	$	29,665	$	25,367
Rebates and other sales deductions		31,853		27,860
Interest		3,140		3,286
Selling and marketing		2,253		1,135
Research and development		2,190		358
Professional fees, consulting, and other services		1,841		1,163
Other expenses		1,819		773
	$	72,761	$	59,942

XML

Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt

Schedule of long-term debt, net

Long-term debt, net consists of the following:

	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Liability component - principal	$	200,000	$	197,500
Unamortized debt discount associated with debt financing costs		(2,869)		(5,853)
Liability component - net carrying value		197,131		191,647
Less current portion		(15,000)		(2,000)
Long-term debt, net	$	182,131	$	189,647

Schedule of future minimum payments relating to long term debt

Future minimum payments relating to long-term debt, net as of September 30, 2023, for the periods indicated below consists of the following:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	3,750
2024		15,000
2025		16,250
2026		20,000
2027		20,000
Thereafter		125,000
Total	$	200,000

Schedule of interest expense related to long term debt

Interest expense related to the Company’s long-term debt, net, is included in interest expense, net in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and consists of the following:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Interest on principal balance	$	4,791	$	4,513	$	15,900	$	12,110
Amortization of deferred financing costs		2,221		418		3,061		1,241
Total term loan interest expense	$	7,012	$	4,931	$	18,961	$	13,351

XML

Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Leases

Schedule of supplemental balance sheet and cash flow information related to operating leases

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows:

Leases	Classification		September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Other noncurrent assets	$	2,456	$	2,312
Liabilities
Operating lease liability, current portion	Other current liabilities	$	1,683	$	1,614
Operating lease liability, long-term	Other long-term liabilities		901		975
Total operating lease liabilities		$	2,584	$	2,589

Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:

		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	1,448	$	1,297
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$	1,592	$	485

Schedule of future payments under noncancelable operating leases

Future payments under noncancelable operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of September 30, 2023 consisted of the following:

Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$	558
2024		1,407
2025		532
2026		252
2027		—
Thereafter		—
Total lease payments		2,749
Less: imputed interest		(165)
Total lease liabilities	$	2,584

XML

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation

Summary of changes in stock options granted

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual
	Awards	Price		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	6,460,947	$	30.90	7.86
Awards issued	376,422	$	36.71
Awards exercised	(367,376)	$	12.02
Awards forfeited	(206,318)	$	24.84
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	6,263,675	$	32.55	7.39

Summary of changes in SARs granted

The following table summarizes SARs activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual
	Awards	Price		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	43,208	$	9.38	6.32
Awards issued	—	$	—
Awards exercised	—	$	—
Awards forfeited	—	$	—
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	43,208	$	9.38	5.58

Summary of changes in RSUs granted

The following table summarizes RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Grant Date		Contractual
	Awards	Fair Value		Term
Awards outstanding—December 31, 2022	60,000	$	29.03	8.24
Awards issued	—	$	—
Awards vested	(30,000)	$	29.03
Awards forfeited	—	$	—
Awards outstanding—September 30, 2023	30,000	$	29.03	7.49

Summary of assumptions used to value awards

The assumptions used to value the awards are summarized in the following table.

	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Dividend yield	0.00	%	0.00	%
Expected volatility	76.32 - 80.21	%	72.57 - 77.08	%
Risk-free interest rate	3.42 - 4.61	%	1.99 - 4.05	%
Lack of marketability discount	0.00	%	0.00	%
Expected term (years)	2.4 - 6.3		3.1 - 6.3

Summary of stock-based compensation expense

Stock-based compensation expense, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, was recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income in the following line items:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Research and development expense	$	1,030	$	522	$	2,962	$	1,866
Sales and marketing expense		1,218		1,096		3,437		2,956
General and administrative expense		5,709		5,349		15,912		14,412
	$	7,957	$	6,967	$	22,311	$	19,234

XML

Earnings per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Earnings per Share

Summary of computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator
Net income	$	38,461	$	87,943	$	102,246	$	132,959
Denominator
Net income per share of common stock - basic	$	0.64	$	1.48	$	1.71	$	2.25
Net income per share of common stock- diluted	$	0.63	$	1.44	$	1.68	$	2.18
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - basic		59,863,102		59,234,720		59,856,941		59,070,063
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - diluted		60,681,676		61,207,625		60,892,992		60,921,482

Summary of antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share

Securities outstanding that were included in the computation above, utilizing the treasury stock method are as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock options, SARs, and RSUs to purchase common stock		818,574		1,972,905		1,036,051		1,851,419

Potential shares of common stock issuable that were excluded from the computation of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding excluded from the numerator, are as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock options, SARs, and RSUs to purchase common stock		5,518,309		4,754,958		5,300,832		4,876,444

XML

Income Taxes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Taxes

Schedule of reconciliation between statutory federal income tax rate and the Company's effective income tax rate

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Federal income tax rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
Stock-based compensation	—		(17.0)		(0.9)		4.4
State taxes	4.0		(22.1)		4.7		(0.5)
Credits	0.2		—		(1.6)		(0.2)
Other	0.6		—		0.3		0.7
Valuation allowance	—		(985.7)		—		(144.9)
Total	25.8	%	(1,003.8)	%	23.5	%	(119.5)	%

XML

Liquidity and Capital Resources (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Liquidity And Capital Resources
Accumulated deficit	$ 169,884	$ 272,130
Cash, cash equivalents and investments	$ 438,374

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 324,603	$ 243,784
Restricted cash	250	750
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows	$ 324,853	$ 244,534	$ 262,093	$ 235,059

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) customer Institution	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($) customer	Dec. 31, 2022 customer
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number Of financial institutions | Institution			4
Investment income, interest | $	$ 3,384	$ 828	$ 8,537	$ 1,145
Three Customers | Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of customers			3		3
Concentration risk percentage			100.00%		100.00%
Three Customers | Product Revenues | Customer Concentration Risk
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of customers			3	3
Concentration risk percentage			100.00%	100.00%
Caremark LLC | Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage			37.00%		41.00%
Caremark LLC | Product Revenues | Customer Concentration Risk
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage			37.00%	40.00%
Accredo Health Group, Inc | Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage			37.00%		35.00%
Accredo Health Group, Inc | Product Revenues | Customer Concentration Risk
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage			32.00%	30.00%
PANTHERx Specialty Pharmacy LLC | Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage			26.00%		24.00%
PANTHERx Specialty Pharmacy LLC | Product Revenues | Customer Concentration Risk
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage			31.00%	30.00%

XML

Investments - Carrying Value and Amortized Cost of Available-For-Sale Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Minimum
Investment securities
Non current investment maturity term	1 year
Maximum
Investment securities
Non current investment maturity term	2 years
Short-term
Investment securities
Amortized Cost	$ 46,088	$ 79,424
Unrealized Gains	4	24
Unrealized Losses	(21)	(117)
Fair Value	46,071	79,331
Short-term commercial paper
Investment securities
Amortized Cost	27,717	26,553
Unrealized Gains	1	15
Unrealized Losses	(13)	(34)
Fair Value	27,705	26,534
Short-term corporate debt securities
Investment securities
Amortized Cost	16,456	49,213
Unrealized Gains	3	9
Unrealized Losses	(7)	(73)
Fair Value	16,452	49,149
Short-term U.S. government securities
Investment securities
Amortized Cost	1,915	3,658
Unrealized Losses	(1)	(10)
Fair Value	1,914	3,648
Long-term
Investment securities
Amortized Cost	68,199	22,626
Unrealized Gains	14	12
Unrealized Losses	(513)	(70)
Fair Value	67,700	22,568
Long-term commercial paper
Investment securities
Amortized Cost	1,623	853
Unrealized Gains		1
Unrealized Losses	(2)
Fair Value	1,621	854
Long-term corporate debt securities
Investment securities
Amortized Cost	39,497	21,516
Unrealized Gains	14	11
Unrealized Losses	(155)	(68)
Fair Value	39,356	21,459
Long-term U.S. government securities
Investment securities
Amortized Cost	27,079	257
Unrealized Losses	(356)	(2)
Fair Value	$ 26,723	$ 255

XML

Fair Value Measurements - Assets Measured at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Assets
Assets	$ 311,906	$ 286,876
Cash equivalents
Assets
Assets	198,135	184,977
Commercial paper
Assets
Assets	29,326	27,388
Corporate debt securities
Assets
Assets	55,808	70,608
U.S. government securities
Assets
Assets	28,637	3,903
Level 1
Assets
Assets	198,135	184,977
Level 1 | Cash equivalents
Assets
Assets	198,135	184,977
Level 2
Assets
Assets	113,771	101,899
Level 2 | Commercial paper
Assets
Assets	29,326	27,388
Level 2 | Corporate debt securities
Assets
Assets	55,808	70,608
Level 2 | U.S. government securities
Assets
Assets	$ 28,637	$ 3,903

XML

Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Inventory
Raw materials	$ 932	$ 838
Work in process	1,833	1,513
Finished goods	2,611	2,565
Inventory, gross	5,376	4,916
Reserve for excess inventory	(289)	(619)
Total inventory, net	$ 5,087	$ 4,297

XML

Intangible Assets - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended				3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Feb. 28, 2022	Jan. 31, 2021	Aug. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Intangible Assets
Amortization expense					$ 5,962	$ 5,961	$ 17,884	$ 17,005
Net product revenues					$ 160,268	$ 117,206	$ 413,610	$ 309,547
WAKIX
Intangible Assets
Final payment paid	$ 40,000
Useful life of intangible asset					7 years 7 months 6 days		7 years 7 months 6 days
Remaining useful life					6 years		6 years
WAKIX | United States
Intangible Assets
Net product revenues		$ 500,000
WAKIX | Daytime Sleepiness
Intangible Assets
License agreement milestone payments paid				$ 75,000
Useful life of intangible asset					10 years		10 years
Remaining useful life					6 years		6 years
NDA for WAKIX. | Cataplexy
Intangible Assets
License agreement milestone payments paid			$ 100,000
Useful life of intangible asset					9 years		9 years
Remaining useful life					6 years		6 years

XML

Intangible Assets - Schedule of Expected Future Annual Amortization Expense for Unamortized Intangible Assets (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Future annual amortization expense
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$ 5,961
2024	23,845
2025	23,845
2026	23,845
2027	23,845
Thereafter	41,728
Total	$ 143,069

XML

Intangible Assets - Schedule of Gross Carrying Amount and Net Book Value of Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 215,000	$ 215,000
Accumulated Amortization	(71,931)	(54,047)
Net Book Value	$ 143,069	$ 160,953

XML

License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended							3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Aug. 31, 2021	Jan. 31, 2021	Oct. 31, 2020	Nov. 30, 2019	Aug. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Feb. 28, 2019
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
Cost of product sold								$ 32,296	$ 22,959	$ 78,084	$ 56,596
Accrued Sales Based Trademark and Royalties								29,665		29,665		$ 25,367
All Countries Excluding Greater China | HBS-102 | Asset Purchase Agreement with ConSynance Therapeutics
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
Consideration transferred			$ 3,500
Payment for intellectual property upon preclinical milestones			1,000
Payment for intellectual property upon developmental milestones			19,000
Payment for intellectual property upon regulatory milestones			44,000
Payment for intellectual property upon sales milestones			$ 110,000
All Countries Excluding Greater China | HBS-102 | Asset Purchase Agreement with ConSynance Therapeutics | Research and Development Expense
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
Payment related to achievement of preclinical milestone.	$ 750,000
Bioprojet
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
Licensing agreement milestone fees							$ 2,000
License agreement milestone payments paid						$ 75,000	2,000
License agreement, additional milestone payment due							102,000
Accrued Sales Based Trademark and Royalties								29,665		29,665		$ 25,367
Bioprojet | Upon Acceptance by FDA of Pitolisant's
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
License agreement, milestone payment due													$ 50,000
License agreement, upfront non-refundable licensing fees paid		$ 30,000
License agreement, maximum additional milestone payment due		$ 155,000
Bioprojet | Upon FDA Approval of WAKIX
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
License agreement, milestone payment due							77,000
Licensing agreement milestone fees							$ 2,000
License agreement milestone payments paid				$ 100,000	$ 2,000
Bioprojet | Sales-based, trademark and tiered royalties
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
Cost of product sold								$ 29,665	$ 20,944	71,267	$ 51,741
Bioprojet | United States
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
Amount of Aggregate Net Sales Attaining										500,000
Bioprojet | Attaining $500,000 Aggregate Net Sales | United States | Upon FDA Approval of WAKIX
License Agreements and Asset Purchase Agreements
Final payment paid										$ 40,000

XML

Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accrued Expenses
Royalties due to Bioprojet	$ 29,665	$ 25,367
Rebates and other sales deductions	31,853	27,860
Interest	3,140	3,286
Selling and marketing	2,253	1,135
Research and development	2,190	358
Professional fees, consulting, and other services	1,841	1,163
Other expenses	1,819	773
Accrued expenses	$ 72,761	$ 59,942

XML

Debt - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands			1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jul. 26, 2023	Aug. 10, 2022	Aug. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 21, 2023
DEBT
Debt issuance costs paid					$ 2,997
Loss on debt extinguishment				$ 9,766	9,766
Blackstone Alternative Credit Advisors ("Blackstone")
DEBT
Extinguishment of loan, amount					207,308
Loss on debt extinguishment					9,766
Unamortized debt issuance costs				1,972	1,972
Term Loans
DEBT
Debt issuance costs				2,997	2,997
Net cash received					197,003
Fair value of loan				$ 199,820	199,820
Term Loans | Repayment Of Debt Commencing On December 31 2023
DEBT
Periodic payment principal					3,750
Term Loans | Repayment Of Debt Beginning On December 31 2025
DEBT
Periodic payment principal					5,000
Term Loans | Repayment of Debt Due on Maturity Date of July 26, 2028
DEBT
Periodic payment principal					$ 115,000
Term Loans | Base rate | Minimum
DEBT
Basis spread on variable rate					2.50%
Term Loans | Base rate | Maximum
DEBT
Basis spread on variable rate					3.00%
Term Loans | SOFR
DEBT
Credit spread adjustment rate					0.10%
Term Loans | SOFR | Minimum
DEBT
Basis spread on variable rate					3.50%
Term Loans | SOFR | Maximum
DEBT
Basis spread on variable rate					4.00%
TLA Term Loan
DEBT
Term of loan	5 years
Aggregate principal amount	$ 185,000
Incremental Term Loan
DEBT
Aggregate principal amount						$ 15,000
Senior Secured Term Loan | Blackstone Alternative Credit Advisors ("Blackstone")
DEBT
Aggregate principal amount			$ 200,000
Debt issuance costs			8,151
Net cash received			191,849
Senior Secured Delayed Draw Term Loan | Blackstone Alternative Credit Advisors ("Blackstone")
DEBT
Aggregate principal amount			100,000
Percentage of ticking fee		1.00%
Debt issuance costs paid			$ 1,000

XML

Debt - Balances of Long-term Debt, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt
Liability component - principal	$ 200,000	$ 197,500
Unamortized debt discount associated with debt financing costs	(2,869)	(5,853)
Liability component - net carrying value	197,131	191,647
Less current portion	(15,000)	(2,000)
Long-term debt, net	$ 182,131	$ 189,647

XML

Debt - Future Minimum Payments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Future minimum payments
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$ 3,750
2024	15,000
2025	16,250
2026	20,000
2027	20,000
Thereafter	125,000
Total	$ 200,000	$ 197,500

XML

Debt - Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Debt
Interest on principal balance	$ 4,791	$ 4,513	$ 15,900	$ 12,110
Amortization of deferred financing costs	2,221	418	3,061	1,241
Total term loan interest expense	$ 7,012	$ 4,931	$ 18,961	$ 13,351

XML

Leases (Details) ft² in Thousands, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 ft²	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
LEASES
Operating lease square feet of office space	15
Additional office space leased one	13
Additional office space leased two	7
Lessee, Operating Lease, Existence of Option to Extend [true false]				true
Lessee, Operating Lease, Existence of Option to Terminate [true false]				true
Cost operating lease | $		$ 473	$ 378	$ 1,295	$ 1,155
Weighted average remaining lease term		1 year 9 months 18 days		1 year 9 months 18 days
Weighted-average discount rate for operating leases		6.00%		6.00%
Minimum
LEASES
Lease terms		1 year		1 year
Maximum
LEASES
Lease terms		3 years		3 years

XML

Leases - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 2,456	$ 2,312
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Assets Noncurrent	Other Assets Noncurrent
Liabilities
Operating lease liability, current portion	$ 1,683	$ 1,614
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Liabilities Current	Other Liabilities Current
Operating lease liability, long-term	$ 901	$ 975
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Liabilities Noncurrent	Other Liabilities Noncurrent
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 2,584	$ 2,589

XML

Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Leases
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 1,448	$ 1,297
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$ 1,592	$ 485

XML

Leases - Future Payments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Years ending December 31,
2023 (Excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023)	$ 558
2024	1,407
2025	532
2026	252
Total lease payments	2,749
Less: imputed interest	(165)
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 2,584	$ 2,589

XML

Stockholders' Equity (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) Vote shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) Vote shares	Aug. 01, 2023 USD ($)
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Number of votes for each common stock | Vote	1	1
August 2023 Repurchase Program
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Repurchase of shares of common stock approved			$ 125,000
Repurchase and cancellation of common shares, Shares | shares	1,439,792	1,439,792
Aggregate cost of common stock repurchased and cancelled, exclusive of commissions and transaction fees	$ 50,000	$ 50,000
Remaining authorized repurchase amount	$ 75,000	$ 75,000

XML

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense		$ 67,842		$ 67,842
Weighted average period				2 years 4 months 24 days
Shares issued under the ESPP		0	0	14,043	14,889
2020 Plan
Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation
Stock options contractual term				10 years
Percentage of increment of common stock outstanding				4.00%
Total number of shares available for issuance		6,755,091		6,755,091
2017 and 2020 Plans | Restricted Stock Units
Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation
Weighted average per share fair value of awards issued (in USD per share)				$ 20.13		$ 18.88
2017 and 2020 Plans | Common Stock
Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation
Stock vested				3,141,836		1,818,045
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation
Percentage of increment of common stock outstanding	1.00%
ESPP permits eligible employees to purchase shares of common stock at discount	15.00%
Total number of shares available for issuance	629,805
Amount of discount on ESSP		$ 100	$ 86	$ 308	$ 271

XML

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation - Summary of Changes in Stock Options Granted (Details) - $ / shares	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation
Number of Awards, Awards outstanding, Beginning balance	6,460,947
Number of Awards, Awards issued	376,422
Number of Awards, Awards exercised	(367,376)
Number of Awards, Awards forfeited	(206,318)
Number of Awards, Awards outstanding, Ending balance	6,263,675	6,460,947
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards outstanding, Beginning balance	$ 30.90
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards issued	36.71
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards exercised	12.02
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards forfeited	24.84
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards outstanding, Ending balance	$ 32.55	$ 30.90
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term	7 years 4 months 20 days	7 years 10 months 9 days

XML

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation - Summary of Changes in SARs Granted (Details) - Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) [Member] - $ / shares	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Awards, Awards outstanding, Beginning balance	43,208
Number of Awards, Awards outstanding, Ending balance	43,208	43,208
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards outstanding, Beginning balance	$ 9.38
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards outstanding, Ending balance	$ 9.38	$ 9.38
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term	5 years 6 months 29 days	6 years 3 months 25 days

XML

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation - Summary of Changes in RSUs Granted (Details) - Restricted Stock Units - $ / shares	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Awards, Awards outstanding, Beginning balance	60,000
Number of Awards, Awards vested	(30,000)
Number of Awards, Awards outstanding, Ending balance	30,000	60,000
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards outstanding, Beginning balance	$ 29.03
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards vested	29.03
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Awards outstanding, Ending balance	$ 29.03	$ 29.03
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term	7 years 5 months 26 days	8 years 2 months 26 days

XML

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation - Summary of Assumptions Used to Value Awards (Details)	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Expected volatility, minimum	76.32%	72.57%
Expected volatility, maximum	80.21%	77.08%
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	3.42%	1.99%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	4.61%	4.05%
Lack of marketability discount	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (years)	2 years 4 months 24 days	3 years 1 month 6 days
Maximum
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (years)	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 3 months 18 days

XML

Stock Incentive Plan and Stock-based Compensation - Summary of Stock-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 7,957	$ 6,967	$ 22,311	$ 19,234
Research and Development Expense
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	1,030	522	2,962	1,866
Sales and Marketing Expense
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	1,218	1,096	3,437	2,956
General and Administrative Expense
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 5,709	$ 5,349	$ 15,912	$ 14,412

XML

Earnings per Share - Summary of Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Numerator
Net Income (Loss)	$ 38,461	$ 87,943	$ 102,246	$ 132,959
Denominator
Net income per share of common stock - basic	$ 0.64	$ 1.48	$ 1.71	$ 2.25
Net income per share of common stock - diluted	$ 0.63	$ 1.44	$ 1.68	$ 2.18
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - basic	59,863,102	59,234,720	59,856,941	59,070,063
Weighted average number of shares of common stock - diluted	60,681,676	61,207,625	60,892,992	60,921,482

XML

Earnings per Share - Summary of Securities Outstanding Included in Computation above, Utilizing Treasury Stock Method (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Earnings per Share
Securities outstanding included in the computation - Stock options, SARs, and RSUs to purchase common stock	818,574	1,972,905	1,036,051	1,851,419

XML

Earnings per Share - Summary of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Stock options, SARs, and RSUs to purchase common stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total	5,518,309	4,754,958	5,300,832	4,876,444

XML

Income Taxes - Schedule of Difference Between Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Income Taxes
Federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Stock-based compensation		(17.00%)	(0.90%)	4.40%
State taxes	4.00%	(22.10%)	4.70%	(0.50%)
Credits	0.20%		(1.60%)	(0.20%)
Other	0.60%		0.30%	0.70%
Valuation allowance		(985.70%)		(144.90%)
Total	25.80%	(1003.80%)	23.50%	(119.50%)

XML

Related-party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Related-party Transactions
General and administrative	$ 22,546	$ 21,331	$ 67,417	$ 61,374
Amounts due to related parties	$ 0		$ 0		$ 0
Other Liability, Related Party, Type [Extensible Enumeration]	Related party		Related party		Related party
Amounts due from related parties	$ 0		$ 0		$ 0
Other Receivable, after Allowance for Credit Loss, Related Party, Type [Extensible Enumeration]	Related party		Related party		Related party
Related party
Related-party Transactions
General and administrative	$ 73	$ 71	$ 218	$ 213

XML

Subsequent Events (Details) - Subsequent Events. $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	Oct. 10, 2023 USD ($) Right $ / shares	Oct. 27, 2023 USD ($)
October 2023 Repurchase Program
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Repurchase of shares of common stock approved | $		$ 200,000
Zynerba Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Cash consideration per Common Stock | $ / shares	$ 1.1059
Number of contingent value right per Common Stock for each share holder | Right	1
Contingent consideration per Common Stock | $ / shares	$ 2.5444
Aggregate consideration paid | $	$ 60,000

XML

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ 38,461	$ 87,943	$ 102,246	$ 132,959

XML

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false