In September 2023, the Company’s board of directors approved a restructuring plan (the “Restructuring Plan”) to reduce the Company’s operating costs and better align its workforce with the needs of its business. The Restructuring Plan eliminated approximately 70% of the Company’s workforce. In May 2024, the Company’s board of directors approved an additional reduction of eight employees in an effort to conserve cash resources (the “May RIF”).

Employees affected by the Restructuring Plan and the May RIF obtained involuntary termination benefits pursuant to a one-time benefit arrangement. For employees who have no requirements to provide future service, the Company recognized the liability for the termination benefits in full at fair value at the time of termination. For employees who are required to render services beyond a minimum retention period to receive their one-time termination benefits, the Company recognized the termination benefits ratably over their future service periods. For the Restructuring Plan, the Company recorded employee termination benefit charges during the year ended December 31, 2023 of $3.4 million and has included such charges as operating expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. For the May RIF, the Company recorded employee termination benefit charges during the year ended December 31, 2024 of $1.0 million and has included such charges as operating expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

Restructuring costs pertaining to the Restructuring Plan consist of the following (in thousands):



Balance at December 31, 2022	$	—
Restructuring expenses incurred		3,448
Payments		(1,593	)
Non-cash charges		(121	)
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	1,734
Restructuring expenses incurred		968
Payments		(2,702	)
Balance at December 31, 2024	$	—

The Company incurred an impairment charge related to a leased facility of $0.03 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 resulting from the Restructuring Plan.

In September 2023, the board of directors approved arrangements designed to provide that the Company will have the continued dedication and commitment of its remaining employees, including executives, determined to be key to the Company’s planned go-forward operations. The board of directors approved, and management implemented, a retention program for employees remaining with the Company which includes cash retention bonuses totaling $1.2 million for certain retained employees, provided that they remain within the Company through various requisite service periods. As a result, these cash retention bonuses were accrued over the requisite service period. The Company’s arrangement with its Chief Executive Officer specified that he was only entitled to a cash bonus upon the timely achievement of certain corporate and strategic milestones for the Company, which were not achieved by December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, there was no retention accrual recorded. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s retention accrual was $0.4 million.

In October 2024, the board of directors approved arrangements designed to provide that the Company will have the continued dedication and commitment of its remaining employees, including executives, determined to be key to the Company’s planned go-forward operations. The board of directors approved, and management implemented, a retention program for employees remaining with the Company which includes cash retention bonuses totaling $0.6 million for certain retained employees, provided that they remain within the Company through various requisite service periods. As a result, these cash retention bonuses were accrued over the requisite service period. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company’s retention accrual was $0.1 million.