F-1/A 1 d173599df1a.htm F-1/A F-1/A
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 6, 2020

Registration No. 333-248927

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

AMENDMENT NO. 1

TO

FORM F-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

GLOBAL BLUE GROUP HOLDING AG

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

 

 

Switzerland   7374   98-1557721
(Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
  (Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

Zürichstrasse 38, 8306 Brüttisellen, Switzerland

+41 22 363 77 40

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

Cogency Global Inc.

10 E 40th Street, 10th Floor

New York NY 10016

(212) 947-7200

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

With copies to:

 

Kenneth B. Wallach
Xiaohui (Hui) Lin
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
425 Lexington Avenue
New York, New York 10017
(212) 455-2000

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (as amended, the “Securities Act”), check the following box.  ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐


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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer      Accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer      Smaller reporting company  
     Emerging growth company  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of Each Class of
Securities to be Registered
  Number of
Securities to be
Registered
  Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
Per Security
 

Proposed
Maximum

Aggregate
Offering Price

  Amount of
Registration Fee

Primary Offering:

               

Ordinary shares

  54,567,963(1)(2)   $7.30(6)   $398,346,129.90   $51,705.33

Secondary Offering:

               

Ordinary shares

  187,755,946(1)(3)   $7.30(6)   $1,370,618,405.80   $177,906.27

Global Blue Warrants

  9,766,667(1)(4)   $11.50(7)   $112,316,670.50   $14,578.70

Series A Preferred Shares

  23,717,989(1)(5)   —  (8)   —     —  

Total

          $1,881,281,206.20   $244,190.30(9)

 

 

(1)

Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, this registration statement also covers an indeterminate number of additional securities that may be offered or issued by Global Blue Group Holding AG (the “Company”) in connection with any stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction.

(2)

Represents the aggregate of (i) 30,849,974 ordinary shares of the Company issuable upon the exercise of the existing warrants of the Company (the “Global Blue Warrants”) at an exercise price of $11.50 per ordinary share (subject to adjustment); and (ii) 23,717,989 ordinary shares of the Company issuable in connection with the exercise of the conversion privilege attached to the Series A preferred shares of the Company (the “Series A Preferred Shares”).

(3)

Represents the aggregate of 187,755,946 ordinary shares of the Company registered for resale by the selling securityholders named in this registration statement (including 9,766,667 ordinary shares of the Company issuable upon the exercise of the Global Blue Warrants and 23,717,989 ordinary shares of the Company issuable in connection with the exercise of the conversion privilege attached to the Series A Preferred Shares).

(4)

Represents the Global Blue Warrants held by SL Globetrotter, L.P. (“Globetrotter”), Global Blue Holding L.P. (“Cayman Holdings”) and certain members of management of Global Blue through a trust company.

(5)

Represents the Series A Preferred Shares, which may be converted into ordinary shares of the Company, under certain circumstances, on a cashless and one-for-one basis.

(6)

Pursuant to Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act, and solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee, the proposed maximum offering price represents the average of the high and low prices of our ordinary shares on September 11, 2020 on the New York Stock Exchange.

(7)

Pursuant to Rule 457(g) under the Securities Act, the registration fee is being calculated on the basis of the higher of (i) the price at which the Global Blue Warrants may be exercised and (2) the average of the high and low prices of the Global Blue Warrants on September 11, 2020 on the New York Stock Exchange.

(8)

In accordance with Rule 457(i) under the Securities Act, the registration fee for the Series A Preferred Shares is being calculated with respect to the ordinary shares issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares, and no additional filing fee is payable for the Series A Preferred Shares because no additional consideration will be received in connection with the exercise of the conversion privilege.

(9)

Previously paid.

 

 

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act, or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


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The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The selling securityholders may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion, dated October 6, 2020

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

 

LOGO

208,839,253 ORDINARY SHARES

9,766,667 GLOBAL BLUE WARRANTS

23,717,989 SERIES A PREFERRED SHARES

 

 

This prospectus relates to the issuance by Global Blue Group Holding AG, a public company incorporated under the laws of Switzerland (the “Company”), of: (i) up to 30,849,974 ordinary shares of the Company that may be issued upon exercise of certain existing warrants of the Company (the “Global Blue Warrants”) at an exercise price of $11.50 per ordinary share (subject to adjustment); and (ii) up to 23,717,989 ordinary shares of the Company that may be issued upon exercise of the conversion privilege attached to the Series A preferred shares of the Company (the “Series A Preferred Shares”) on a cashless and one-for-one basis. This prospectus also relates to the offer and sale from time to time by the selling securityholders named in this prospectus, including their donees, pledgees, transferees or their successors, of: (i) 187,755,946 ordinary shares of the Company (which includes up to 33,484,656 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of all outstanding Global Blue Warrants and the conversion privilege attached to the Series A Preferred Shares); (ii) 9,766,667 Global Blue Warrants; and (iii) 23,717,989 Series A Preferred Shares.

The Company will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the securities by the selling securityholders, except with respect to amounts received by the Company upon exercise of the Global Blue Warrants to the extent such Global Blue Warrants are exercised for cash. However, the Company will pay the expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by the selling securityholders for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses incurred by the selling securityholders in disposing of the securities, associated with the sale of securities pursuant to this prospectus. The selling securityholders may offer all or part of the securities for resale from time to time through public or private transactions, at either prevailing market prices or at privately negotiated prices.

Our ordinary shares and the Global Blue Warrants are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbols “GB” and “GB.WS,” respectively. The last reported sale price of our ordinary shares and Global Blue Warrants on October 5, 2020 was $8.15 per share and $0.75 per warrant. The Series A Preferred Shares are not listed on any stock exchange.

We may amend or supplement this prospectus from time to time by filing amendments or supplements as required. You should read this entire prospectus and any amendments or prospectus supplements carefully before you make your investment decision.

The registration of the securities covered by this prospectus does not mean that either we or the selling securityholders will issue, offer or sell, as applicable, any of the securities. The selling securityholders may offer and sell the securities covered by this prospectus in a number of different ways and at varying prices. We provide more information about how the selling securityholders may sell the shares under “Plan of Distribution.”

The Company is an “emerging growth company” as that term is defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) and, as such, is subject to reduced public company reporting requirements.

 

 

Investing in the Company’s securities involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 24 of this prospectus.

Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

PROSPECTUS DATED                 , 2020


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

     ix  

Prospectus Summary

     1  

Selected Consolidated Historical and Other Financial Information

     10  

Risk Factors

     24  

Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

     51  

Use of Proceeds

     65  

Dividend Policy

     66  

Capitalization

     67  

Industry

     68  

Business

     80  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     101  

Other Information About Global Blue

     135  

Board of Directors and Executive Management

     147  

Executive Compensation

     155  

Description of Securities

     159  

Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions

     176  

Major Shareholders

     182  

Selling Securityholders

     184  

Taxation

     187  

Plan of Distribution

     199  

Securities Eligible for Future Sale

     204  

Expenses Related to the Offering

     207  

Service of Process and Enforcement of Civil Liabilities Under U.S. Securities Laws

     207  

Legal Matters

     207  

Experts

     207  

Where You Can Find More Information

     208  

Index to Financial Statements

     F-1  


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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus or any free writing prospectus prepared by or on our behalf. Any amendment or supplement may also add, update or change information included in this prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in such amendment or supplement modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified will be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus only as so modified, and any statement so superseded will be deemed not to constitute a part of this prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Neither we nor the selling securityholders have authorized any other person to provide you with different or additional information. Neither we nor the selling securityholders take responsibility for, nor can we provide assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may provide. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus or such other date stated in this prospectus, and our business, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects may have changed since those dates. This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described in this prospectus, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to in this prospectus have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described under “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Neither we nor the selling securityholders are making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. Except as otherwise set forth in this prospectus, neither we nor the selling securityholders have taken any action to permit a public offering of these securities outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to the offering of these securities and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form F-1 that we filed with the SEC using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we and the selling securityholders may, from time to time, issue, offer and sell, as applicable, the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. We may use the shelf registration statement to issue up to 30,849,974 ordinary shares that may be issued upon exercise of the Global Blue Warrants at an exercise price of $11.50 per ordinary share (subject to adjustment) and up to 23,717,989 ordinary shares of the Company that may be issued upon exercise of the conversion privilege attached to the Series A Preferred Shares. The selling securityholders may also use the shelf registration statement to sell up to 187,755,946 ordinary shares of the Company (which includes up to 33,484,656 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of all outstanding Global Blue Warrants and the conversion privilege attached to the Series A Preferred Shares) as well as 9,766,667 Global Blue Warrants and 23,717,989 Series A Preferred Shares from time to time through any means described under “Plan of Distribution.” More specific terms of any securities that the selling securityholders offer and sell may be provided in a prospectus supplement that describes, among others, the specific amounts and prices of the ordinary shares and/or Global Blue Warrants being offered and the terms of the offering.

This prospectus contains references to our trademarks and to trademarks belonging to other entities. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus, including logos, artwork and other visual displays may appear without the ® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that their respective owners will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, their rights thereto. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade name or trademarks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other companies.

Certain amounts that appear in this prospectus may not sum due to rounding.

 

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EXCHANGE RATE PRESENTATION

Certain amounts described in this prospectus have been expressed in U.S. dollar for convenience and, when expressed in U.S. dollar in the future, such amounts may be different from those set forth in this prospectus due to intervening exchange rate fluctuations.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT IFRS AND NON-IFRS FINANCIAL MEASURES

Global Blue’s audited consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and are referred to in this prospectus as “IFRS.” We refer in various places within this prospectus to non-IFRS financial measures, including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Sales in Store (“SiS”), Adjusted Net Income (Group Share), Adjusted Effective Tax Rate, Adjusted Net Debt and Leverage Ratio, some of which are more fully explained in “Selected Consolidated Historical and Other Financial Information—Other Financial Data of Global Blue.” The presentation of this non-IFRS information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for Global Blue’s consolidated financial results prepared in accordance with IFRS.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

Accounting Treatment of the Capital Reorganization

The Company was incorporated on December 10, 2019 for the purpose of effectuating the business combination (the “Business Combination”) between Far Point Acquisition Corporation (“FPAC”) and Global Blue. The transaction has first been accounted for as a capital reorganization whereby the Company is the successor to its predecessor Global Blue Group AG. As a result of the first step described above, the existing shareholders of Global Blue Group AG continued to retain control through their majority ownership of the Company.

The capital reorganization was immediately followed by the acquisition of FPAC, which is accounted for within the scope of IFRS 2 (Share-based Payment). The shares issued by the Company are recognized at fair value and recorded as consideration for the acquisition of the public shell company, FPAC. Under this method of accounting, there is no acquisition accounting and no recognition of goodwill, as a result of FPAC not being recognized as a business as defined by IFRS 3 (Business Combination) given it consisted predominantly of cash in the Trust Account. In addition, the following factors were also taken into consideration: (i) the business of Global Blue Group AG comprises the ongoing operations of the Company; (ii) Global Blue Group AG’s senior management comprise the senior management of the Company; (iii) the pre-Business Combination shareholders of Global Blue Group AG have the largest ownership of the Company and the right to appoint the highest number of members to the board of directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”) relative to other shareholders; and (iv) the headquarters of the Company is that of Global Blue Group AG.

Application of Newly Adopted Accounting Standards

From April 1, 2018 onward, Global Blue has adopted IFRS 9 (Financial Instruments), IFRS 15 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers) and IFRS 16 (Leases), selecting the modified retrospective approach. Therefore, Global Blue has not restated its financial information as of and for the financial year ended March 31, 2018 or any prior periods for these new standards and, as a result, the information for such periods is not fully comparable to the financial information of Global Blue as of and for the financial years ended March 31, 2019 and 2020.

 

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Restatement

Global Blue’s historical audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2020 have been restated. See Note 1 to Global Blue’s audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Basis of Pro Forma Presentation

The historical financial information has been adjusted to give pro forma effect to events that are directly attributable to the Business Combination, factually supportable and, with regards to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement, are expected to have a continuing impact on the results of the Company.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only. The financial results may have been different had the companies always been combined for the historical periods presented here. You should not rely on the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as being indicative of the future financial position and results that the Company will experience. Global Blue Group AG and FPAC did not have any historical relationship prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.

INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

In this prospectus, we present industry data, information and statistics regarding the markets in which Global Blue competes as well as Global Blue’s analysis, conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, of statistics, data and other information provided by third parties relating to markets, market sizes, market shares, market positions and other industry data pertaining to Global Blue’s business and markets, including information obtained from the OECD, Euromonitor, the World Bank, the International Air Transport Association and Tourism Economics (collectively, “Industry Analysis”). Such information is supplemented where necessary with Global Blue’s own internal estimates and information obtained from discussions with its customers, taking into account publicly available information about other industry participants and Global Blue’s management’s judgment where information is not publicly available. This information appears in “Prospectus Summary,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Business” and other sections of this prospectus.

Industry publications, research, studies and forecasts generally state that the information they contain has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but that the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed. Forecasts and other forward-looking information obtained from these sources are subject to the same qualifications and uncertainties as the other forward-looking statements in this prospectus. These forecasts and forward-looking information are subject to uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described under “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in any forecasts or estimates.

 

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FREQUENTLY USED TERMS

Unless otherwise stated or unless the context otherwise requires, references to the “Company” are to Global Blue Group Holding AG, whereas references to “Global Blue,” “we,” “us,” or “our” are to Global Blue Group Holding AG and its subsidiaries for the period from August 28, 2020, Global Blue Group AG and its subsidiaries from March 16, 2018 to August 27, 2020, and Global Blue Investment & Co S.C.A. and its subsidiaries from August 1, 2012 to March 15, 2018.

In this prospectus:

“2012 GB Acquisition” means the acquisition on August 1, 2012 of Global Blue Luxembourg Holdings S.à r.l. by funds and investment vehicles directly or indirectly managed and/or advised by Silver Lake and Partners Group.

“Acquirer(s)” means a financial institution that processes credit or debit card payments on behalf of a merchant.

“Adjusted Net Debt” means the aggregate principal amount of non-current loans and borrowings, current lease liabilities and non-current lease liabilities, less cash and cash equivalents.

“Amendment Letter” means an amendment letter dated January 14, 2020 amending and restating the Facilities Agreement entered into by Global Blue with, among others, BNP Paribas (Suisse) S.A., Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., Morgan Stanley Bank International Limited, Royal Bank of Canada, Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company, Barclays Bank PLC, Credit Suisse International and JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A., London branch, as amendment participating lenders, and RBC Europe Limited, as agent and security agent.

“AML” means anti-money laundering.

“Ant” or “Strategic Secondary PIPE Investor” means Antfin (Hong Kong) Holding Limited.

“APAC” means the Asia Pacific region.

“ATM” means automated teller machines.

“AVPS” means added-value payment solutions.

“Backstop Provider” means Cloudbreak Aggregator LP, a Cayman Islands limited partnership that is the managing member of the Founder and an affiliate of Third Point.

“Best-rate guarantee” means Global Blue’s best-rate guarantee, which allows an international shopper to be refunded the difference between Global Blue’s transaction fee and that of its issuing bank.

“C-PECs” means convertible preferred equity certificates.

“CAGR” means compounded annual growth rate.

“Cayman Holdings” means Global Blue Holding L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership.

“Closing” means the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the share purchase and contribution agreements with certain PIPE investors, which occurred on August 28, 2020.

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

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“Compensation Ordinance” means the Swiss Compensation Ordinance.

“Conversion Agreement” means the conversion agreement, dated August 28, 2020, by and among the Company and each of the Seller Parties in respect of the Series A Preferred Shares which grants the holders put rights and the Company call rights and redemption rights.

“Currency Select” means Currency Select Pty Limited (previously, Travelex Outsourcing Pty Limited).

“DCC” means dynamic currency conversion.

“drive-to-store” means data-driven and high-impact marketing solutions to increase brand awareness and increase international shopper footfall for merchants.

“DTC” means The Depository Trust Company.

“eDCC” means e-commerce dynamic currency conversion.

“eligible SiS” means SiS that are eligible for VAT refund.

“EMEA” means Europe, Middle East and Africa.

“eTFS” means electronic TFS.

“EU” means European Union.

“Exchange Act” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“Executive Management” means members of the executive management of Global Blue. See “Board of Directors and Executive Management.

“Facilities” means the Term Loan Facility and the Revolving Credit Facility.

“Facilities Agreement” means the term and revolving credit facilities agreement dated October 25, 2019 entered into by Global Blue, with, among others, Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company, Barclays Bank PLC, BNP Paribas (Suisse) S.A., J.P. Morgan Securities PLC, Morgan Stanley Bank International Limited and Royal Bank of Canada, as mandated lead arrangers, and RBC Europe Limited, as agent, and as amended and restated by the Amendment Letter.

“Founder” means Far Point LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, an initial stockholder of FPAC and the primary holder of FPAC Class B Common Stock before the Business Combination.

“FPAC Class A Common Stock” means FPAC’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

“FPAC Class B Common Stock” means FPAC’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

“FPAC IPO” means the initial public offering of Units of FPAC, consummated on June 14, 2018.

“GDPR” means the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679, as amended.

“Global Blue Warrants” means existing warrants of the Company that will entitle the holder thereof to purchase for $11.50 one ordinary share (subject to adjustment in accordance with the Warrant Agreement).

 

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“Globetrotter” means SL Globetrotter, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership.

“GST” means goods and services tax.

“IFRS” means the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

“Industry Analysis” means Global Blue’s analysis, conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, of the sources of statistics, data and other information relating to markets, market sizes, market shares, market positions and other industry data pertaining to Global Blue’s business and markets, including information obtained from the OECD, Euromonitor, the World Bank, the International Air Transport Association and Tourism Economics.

“international shopper” means international travelers shopping abroad.

“Liquidity Loans” means loans in an aggregate amount of $75 million that may be extended under the Supplemental Liquidity Facility.

“Management Roll-up” means, prior to the Closing, pursuant to the Management Shareholders Agreement, a series of exchange and contribution transactions involving Global Blue Group AG and certain of its subsidiaries, through which the Management Sellers became shareholders of the Company.

“Management Sellers” means the individuals who are parties to the Merger Agreement as “Management Sellers.”

“Management Shareholders Agreement” means the management shareholders agreement dated January 16, 2020, and amended by the management shareholders agreement deed of amendment dated August 26, 2020, by and among Cayman Holdings, Globetrotter, the Company, Mr. Jacques Stern (as management representative) and Estera Trust (Jersey) Limited (as trustee of the Global Blue Equity Plan Employee Trust).

“MCC” means Mobile Customer Care.

“MCP” means multi-currency processing.

“Merger” means the merger of Global Blue US Merger Sub Inc. with and into FPAC, with FPAC being the surviving corporation in the merger and a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company following the merger.

“Merger Agreement” means the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 16, 2020, by and among FPAC, Globetrotter (both as itself and as the GB Shareholders’ Representative), the Company, Global Blue US Holdco LLC, Global Blue US Merger Sub Inc., Cayman Holdings, the Management Sellers, Global Blue Group AG, Thomas W. Farley, solely in his capacity as the FPAC Shareholders’ Representative, the Founder, and Jacques Stern, solely in his capacity as the Management Representative, as such agreement may be amended or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with its terms.

“minimum purchase amount” or “MPA” means the minimum transaction size for transactions and goods to be eligible for VAT refunds.

“NC-PEC” means non-convertible preferred equity certificates.

“NYSE” means the New York Stock Exchange.

“OECD” means the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.

“p.p.” means percentage point(s).

 

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“Partners Group” means Partners Group AG (or its affiliates).

“PCI DSS” means Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard.

“POS” means point-of-sale.

“price differential” means the difference in price between products in destination countries compared to international shoppers’ origin countries.

“Primary PIPE Investor” or “Manulife” means Manulife Investment Management Limited and/or the funds managed by it, as applicable.

“Prior Facilities” means the prior term loan facility and the prior revolving credit facility that were each governed by the Prior Facilities Agreement.

“Prior Facilities Agreement” means the senior facilities agreement dated July 26, 2012 (as subsequently amended, re-stated and conformed).

“Private Placement Warrants” means the Warrants sold to the Founder in a private placement in connection with the FPAC IPO.

“PSP(s)” means payment services provider.

“Public Warrants” means Warrants included in Units sold in the FPAC IPO.

“Refinancing” means the refinancing of Global Blue’s bank indebtedness under the Prior Facilities pursuant to the Facilities Agreement.

“Registration Rights Agreement” means the agreement dated August 28, 2020, between the Company, Third Point, the Seller Parties and certain other parties thereto, including Thomas W. Farley, with respect to our ordinary shares and other Company securities, including Global Blue Warrants and Series A Preferred Shares, received by such parties in connection with the Business Combination (together with any securities issued in connection with any stock split or subdivision, stock dividend, distribution or similar transaction with respect thereto, the “Registrable Securities”).

“Relationship Agreement” means the second amended and restated relationship agreement dated September 7, 2020, between the Company, Globetrotter and the Strategic Secondary PIPE Investor.

“Revolving Credit Facility” means a €100 million revolving credit facility governed by the Facilities Agreement.

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Securities Act” means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Seller Parties” means Globetrotter, Cayman Holdings and the Management Sellers.

“Series A Preferred Shares” means the Series A preferred shares of the Company, which may be converted into ordinary shares of the Company, under certain circumstances, on a cashless and one-for-one basis.

“Shareholders Agreement” means that certain agreement, dated August 28, 2020, made in connection with the transaction contemplated by the Merger Agreement, by and among Cayman Holdings, Globetrotter, Thomas W. Farley and certain members of management of the Company.

“Silver Lake” means Silver Lake Management Company III, L.L.C. (or its affiliates).

 

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“SiS” means sales in store, a key performance indicator which reflects either (i) the value (including VAT) of goods purchased by the international shopper at the POS in the TFS business or (ii) the value (including VAT) of the payments made by the international shoppers at the POS in the AVPS business.

“Southeast Asia” means Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

“Supplemental Liquidity Facility” means the supplemental liquidity facility for $75 million that Globetrotter and Cayman Holdings made available to Global Blue on the terms and conditions of a loan agreement dated September 30, 2020.

“Term Loan Facility” means a €630 million term loan facility governed by the Facilities Agreement.

“TFS” means tax-free shopping.

“TFS business” means Tax Free Shopping Technology Solutions.

“third-party serviced” means VAT refunds conducted by TFS providers, excluding VAT refunds conducted in-house by merchants.

“Third Point” means Third Point LLC and/or its affiliates, as applicable.

“Transaction” or “Transactions” means the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the share purchase and contribution agreements with the PIPE investors that occurred at or immediately prior to the Closing, including the Merger.

“Trust Account” means the trust account that held a portion of the proceeds of the FPAC IPO.

“U.S.” means the United States of America.

“U.S. GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

“Units” means Units issued in the FPAC IPO, each consisting of one share of FPAC Class A Common Stock and one-third of one Warrant.

“VAT” means value added tax.

“Waiver Letter” means the waiver letter dated July 13, 2020 that accompanied a proposal of Silver Lake to FPAC to improve the liquidity position of Global Blue.

“Warrant Agreement” means the warrant agreement, dated June 11, 2018, between FPAC and the warrant agent named therein, as modified by a warrant assumption agreement, dated August 28, 2020, by and among FPAC, the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent.

“Warrants” means warrants, under the terms of the Warrant Agreement, to purchase FPAC Class A Common Stock issued in the FPAC IPO and simultaneous private placements. Each whole warrant entitled the holder thereof to purchase one share of FPAC Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share (subject to adjustment in accordance with the Warrant Agreement) and upon the Closing became a Global Blue Warrant.

CONVENTIONS WHICH APPLY TO THIS PROSPECTUS

In this prospectus, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires:

“$,” “USD” and “U.S. dollar” each refers to the United States dollar;

“€,” “EUR” and “euro” each refers to the lawful currency of certain participating member states of the European Union; and

“CHF” and “Swiss franc” each refers to the legal currency of Switzerland.

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Some of the statements in this prospectus constitute forward-looking statements that do not directly or exclusively relate to historical facts. You should not place undue reliance on such statements because they are subject to numerous uncertainties and factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, including descriptions of our business strategy. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “could,” “may,” “would,” “should,” “intend,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “will,” “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “positioned,” “strategy,” “outlook” and similar expressions. All such forward-looking statements involve estimates and assumptions that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed in the statements. Among the key factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements are the following:

 

   

currency exchange rate risk, including commercial risk if certain currency zones become less attractive for inbound international shoppers;

 

   

dependence on international travel;

 

   

dependence on overall level of consumer spending;

 

   

the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international travel and similar health-related travel disruptions;

 

   

dependence on the skills, experience and efforts of senior management and key personnel, and negative impact of COVID-19 cost saving measures;

 

   

sensitivity of net working capital to short-term, month-to-month volume growth, and short-term, temporary surge of net working capital;

 

   

decrease in VAT rates or changes in VAT or VAT refund policies;

 

   

changes to regulatory environment, licensing requirements and government agreements;

 

   

adaptation and enhancement of our existing technology offerings and continued resilience and uptime of underlying technology platform;

 

   

loss of merchant accounts to our competitors due to the competitive market;

 

   

disintermediation of TFS processes;

 

   

price harmonization or convergence between destination markets and home markets;

 

   

taxation in multiple jurisdictions, which is complex and often requires making subjective determinations subject to scrutiny by, and disagreements with, tax regulators;

 

   

adverse competition law rulings;

 

   

integrity, reliability and efficiency of Global Blue’s internal controls and procedures;

 

   

dependence of TFS business on airport concessions and agreements with agents;

 

   

risks associated with operating in emerging markets;

 

   

risks associated with strategic arrangements or investments in joint ventures with third parties;

 

   

loss through physical disaster, data security breach, computer malfunction or sabotage;

 

   

reliance of AVPS business on relationships with Acquirers and involvement of card schemes;

 

   

counterparty risk and credit risk;

 

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losses from fraud, theft and employee error;

 

   

inability to attract, integrate, manage and retain qualified personnel or key employees;

 

   

complex and stringent data protection and privacy laws and regulations;

 

   

AML, sanctions and anti-bribery laws and regulation and related compliance costs and third-party risks;

 

   

risks relating to intellectual property;

 

   

litigation or investigations involving us, and resulting material settlements, fines or penalties;

 

   

event of default resulting from failure to comply with covenants or other obligations contained in the Facilities Agreement, and failure to repay or refinance the outstanding debt under the Facilities Agreement when due;

 

   

reliance on our operating subsidiaries to provide funds necessary to meet our financial obligations, and the constraint on our ability to pay dividends;

 

   

restrictions imposed on our business by our indebtedness, and the risk that a significant increase in our indebtedness could result in changes to the terms on which credit is extended to us;

 

   

inability to execute strategic plans due to inability to generate sufficient cash flow;

 

   

interest rate risks;

 

   

currency translation and transaction risk;

 

   

impairment of intangible assets;

 

   

significant drop in market price of our securities due to future sales of our securities, or the perception of future sales;

 

   

increase in the number of securities eligible for future resale in the public market and dilution to our shareholders as a result of the Global Blue Warrants becoming exercisable for and Series A Preferred Shares being convertible into ordinary shares;

 

   

junior ranking of the ordinary shares compared to the Series A Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends and amounts payable in the event of our liquidation;

 

   

volatility in the trading price of our securities;

 

   

reports published by analysts, including projections in those reports that differ from our actual results;

 

   

continued listing of our securities on the NYSE;

 

   

information permitted to be filed and corporate governance practices permitted to be followed as a result of being a “foreign private issuer” under the rules and regulations of the SEC;

 

   

limited availability of attractive takeover proposals due to provisions in the Company’s articles of association and Swiss law;

 

   

inability to remediate material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting and failure to maintain an effective system of internal controls, and the inability to accurately or timely report our financial condition or results of operations;

 

   

failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, and loss of securityholder confidence in our financial and other public reporting from inability to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud;

 

   

significant decreases or fluctuations in price of our securities from fluctuations in operating results, quarter-to-quarter earnings and other factors, including incidents involving our customers and negative media coverage;

 

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lack of development of a market for the Company’s securities;

 

   

issuance by the Company of additional shares or other securities without shareholder approval;

 

   

the control by Silver Lake over us, and potential differences in the interests pursued by Silver Lake from the interests of our other securityholders;

 

   

higher costs as a result of being a public company;

 

   

requirement for prior consent of or post-closing notification to the Bank of Italy, as well as restrictions and other requirements, for acquiring a direct or indirect substantial stake in our share capital, for so long as Global Blue Currency Choice Italia S.r.l. (“GBCCI”) holds a license from the Bank of Italy;

 

   

limited ability of securityholders to bring an action against the Company or against its directors or officers or to enforce a judgment against the Company or them, due to the Company’s incorporation in Switzerland, the Company conducting a majority of its operations outside of the United States and the majority of the Company’s directors and officers residing outside the United States;

 

   

lack of application to the Company of certain protections of Swiss law applicable to Swiss domestic listed companies;

 

   

status as an “emerging growth company,” and reduced disclosure and governance requirements applicable to emerging growth companies;

 

   

applicability of Swiss withholding tax to dividend distributions or share repurchases;

 

   

adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. person from owning at least 10% of the Global Blue Stock (as such term is defined under “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to U.S. Holders”); and

 

   

U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders (as such term is defined under “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to U.S. Holders”) of the Global Blue Stock and Global Blue Warrants if the Company is a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year.

These and other factors are more fully discussed under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. These risks could cause actual results to differ materially from those implied by forward-looking statements in this prospectus.

You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements that speak only as of the date hereof. New risks and uncertainties come up from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect us. We do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements after the date of this prospectus, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. In light of these risks and uncertainties, you should keep in mind that any event described in a forward-looking statement made in this prospectus or elsewhere might not occur.

 

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in the Companys securities. Before making an investment decision, you should read this entire prospectus carefully, especially Risk Factors and the financial statements and related notes thereto, and the other documents to which this prospectus refers. Some of the statements in this prospectus constitute forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements for more information.

Our Group

Global Blue serves as a strategic technology and payments partner to merchants, empowering them to capture the structural growth of international travelers shopping abroad (“international shoppers”), driven by multiple long-term macroeconomic tailwinds. Global Blue established the concept of third-party serviced tax-free shopping (“TFS”) in Sweden in 1980 and has emerged as both a global leader (based on its share of the TFS segment) and a pioneer in technology for TFS. Global Blue also offers added-value payment solutions (“AVPS”), including dynamic currency conversion (“DCC”), for which it is a leading provider. As of March 31, 2020, Global Blue operated across more than 50 countries. For the financial year ended March 31, 2020, Global Blue enabled approximately 29 million international shoppers to claim value added tax (“VAT”) refunds on international shopping or complete international transactions in their home currency. At its core, Global Blue is a technology platform that serves a network of more than 400,000 merchant stores globally with both TFS and AVPS, facilitating 66 million transactions amounting to €22.9 billion per year (for the financial year ended March 31, 2020) and delivering economic benefits to a complex ecosystem of merchants, international shoppers and customs and tax authorities.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is having a significant negative impact on Global Blue’s financial condition, revenues and results of operations. See “—Recent Developments” and “Risk Factors.”

Recent Developments

Business Combination

On August 28, 2020, the Business Combination was consummated. As part of the Business Combination, SL Globetrotter, L.P. (“Globetrotter”), Global Blue Holding L.P. (“Cayman Holdings”) and certain members of management of Global Blue (the “Management Sellers” and together with Globetrotter and Cayman Holdings, the “Seller Parties”) undertook a series of transactions pursuant to which they sold, exchanged and contributed their ordinary shares of Global Blue Group AG for a mix of cash, ordinary shares of the Company and preferred shares of the Company. In addition, Global Blue US Merger Sub Inc., a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, merged with and into FPAC, with FPAC being the surviving corporation in the merger and a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company following the merger. As part of the transactions described above, a newly formed, wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, organized as a Swiss GmbH (“New GmbH”), acquired all of the outstanding ordinary shares of Global Blue Group AG, either directly from the Seller Parties, or as a contribution from the Company of shares of Global Blue Group AG acquired by it, and Global Blue Group AG became a wholly owned subsidiary of New GmbH. As part of the Business Combination, the Warrants of FPAC became Global Blue Warrants.

Litigation Involving Certain PIPE Investors

The Company, FPAC and certain PIPE investors entered into share subscription agreements pursuant to and on the terms and subject to the conditions of which the PIPE investors committed to subscribe for and purchase, concurrently with the Closing, in the aggregate, 12,500,000 ordinary shares for $10.00 per share or an aggregate purchase price of $125 million.



 

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Certain of the PIPE investors who had committed to subscribe for in aggregate $110 million of our ordinary shares did not consummate their subscriptions, alleging the failure of certain closing conditions in their share subscription agreements to be satisfied. The Company and Globetrotter have commenced litigation with each of such investors for breach of contract. The litigation with each of such investors is in its early stages, and the outcome of the Company’s and Globetrotter’s claims cannot be predicted.

COVID-19

A novel strain of coronavirus (with the resulting illness referred to as COVID-19), that was first identified in China in December 2019 and began to receive widespread international coverage in January 2020, has resulted in governments adopting preventative measures, businesses voluntarily choosing or being mandated to temporarily close their operations and limit business-related travel, and individuals deciding to postpone or cancel leisure travel on an unprecedented scale. See, in particular, “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Global Blue’s Industry, Business and Regulatory Environment—The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significantly decreased activity in the international travel and extra-regional shopping sectors and, as a result, has had a significant negative impact on Global Blue. The effects of COVID-19 are expected to continue to have a negative impact on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition until the pandemic and health concerns subside and the related preventative measures are lifted and “Other Information About Global Blue” as well as “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—COVID-19” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Global Blue Credit Ratings

In March 2020, Moody’s downgraded Global Blue’s corporate family rating to B2 from B1 and placed the rating on negative outlook. In April 2020, S&P Global also downgraded Global Blue’s long-term issuer and senior secured debt ratings to B+ (with a stable outlook) from BB- (with a stable outlook). In June 2020, S&P Global further downgraded Global Blue’s long-term issuer and senior secured debt ratings to B (with a negative outlook). Moody’s followed with a downgrade of Global Blue’s corporate family rating to B3 and placed the rating on negative outlook in August 2020. These rating actions reflected the agencies’ expectations of the impact of COVID-19 and subsequent recovery. Following the Business Combination, S&P Global withdrew its rating but noted that the refinancing of Global Blue’s term loan pushed the maturity of its long-term indebtedness to 2025 and covenant testing to September 2021.

Implications of Being an “Emerging Growth Company” and a “Foreign Private Issuer”

The Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). As an “emerging growth company,” the Company may take advantage of certain exemptions from specified disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. These exemptions include:

 

   

not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements for the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting provided by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”);

 

   

reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and

 

   

not being required to hold a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation or seek shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

We may take advantage of these reporting exemptions until it is no longer an “emerging growth company.” The Company will remain an “emerging growth company” until the earlier of: (i) the last day of the financial



 

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year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of the FPAC IPO, (b) in which it has total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, or (c) in which it is deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of the Company’s shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last day of the second financial quarter of such financial year, and (ii) the date on which it has issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.

The Company is also considered a “foreign private issuer” and will report under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (as amended, the “Exchange Act”) as a non-U.S. company with “foreign private issuer” status. This means that, even after the Company no longer qualifies as an “emerging growth company,” as long as it qualifies as a “foreign private issuer” under the Exchange Act, it will be exempt from certain provisions of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. public companies, including:

 

   

the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act;

 

   

the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and

 

   

the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q containing unaudited financial and other specified information, or current reports on Form 8-K, upon the occurrence of specified significant events.

We may take advantage of these reporting exemptions until such time as we are no longer a “foreign private issuer.” The Company could lose its status as a “foreign private issuer” under current SEC rules and regulations if more than 50% of the Company’s outstanding voting securities become directly or indirectly held of record by U.S. holders and any one of the following is true: (i) the majority of the Company’s directors or executive officers are U.S. citizens or residents; (ii) more than 50% of the Company’s assets are located in the United States; or (iii) the Company’s business is administered principally in the United States.

We may choose to take advantage of some but not all of these reduced burdens. We have taken advantage of reduced reporting requirements in this prospectus. Accordingly, the information contained in this prospectus may be different from the information you receive from our competitors that are public companies, or other public companies in which you have made an investment.



 

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Summary Risk Factors

Investing in the Company’s securities entails a high degree of risk as more fully described under “Risk Factors.” You should carefully consider such risks before deciding to invest in the Company’s securities. These risks include, among others:

 

   

Global Blue is subject to currency exchange rate risk in the conduct of its business;

 

   

Global Blue’s business is highly dependent on international travel;

 

   

Global Blue’s business is dependent on the overall level of consumer spending, which is affected by general economic conditions and spending patterns;

 

   

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significantly decreased activity in the international travel and extra-regional shopping sectors and, as a result, has had and are expected to continue to have a significant negative impact on Global Blue;

 

   

Global Blue’s success is dependent on the skills, experience and efforts of its senior management and key personnel, and any COVID-19 cost-saving measures undertaken by Global Blue may negatively impact its business;

 

   

Global Blue’s net working capital is sensitive to short-term, month-to-month volume growth, and any rapid volume growth associated with the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic or for any other reason unrelated to the pandemic would lead to a short-term, temporary surge of its net working capital;

 

   

A decrease in VAT rates or changes in VAT or VAT refund policies in countries in which Global Blue operates could negatively affect Global Blue’s business;

 

   

Changes in the regulatory environment, licensing requirements and government agreements could adversely affect Global Blue’s business;

 

   

Global Blue must continually adapt and enhance its existing technology offerings and ensure continued resilience and uptime of its underlying technology platform to remain competitive in its industry;

 

   

Global Blue operates in a competitive market and Global Blue may lose merchant accounts;

 

   

Global Blue’s business may be adversely affected by disintermediation of TFS processes;

 

   

Price harmonization or convergence between destination markets and home markets may adversely affect Global Blue’s business;

 

   

Global Blue is subject to taxation in multiple jurisdictions, which is complex and often requires making subjective determinations subject to scrutiny by, and disagreements with, tax regulators;

 

   

Adverse competition law rulings could restrict Global Blue’s ability to expand or to operate its business as it wishes and could expose Global Blue to fines or other penalties;

 

   

The integrity, reliability and efficiency of Global Blue’s internal controls and procedures may not be guaranteed;

 

   

Global Blue’s TFS business is dependent on its airport concessions and agreements with agents;

 

   

Global Blue operates in emerging markets and is exposed to risks associated with operating in such markets;

 

   

Global Blue may be adversely affected by risks associated with strategic arrangements or investments in joint ventures with third parties;

 

   

Global Blue’s business is subject to loss through physical disaster, data security breach, computer malfunction or sabotage;



 

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Global Blue’s AVPS business relies on relationships with Acquirers and on the involvement of card schemes;

 

   

Global Blue is subject to counterparty risk and credit risk;

 

   

Global Blue is subject to losses from fraud, theft and employee error;

 

   

Global Blue may not be able to attract, integrate, manage and retain qualified personnel or key employees;

 

   

Global Blue is subject to complex and stringent data protection and privacy laws and regulations;

 

   

Global Blue’s business is subject to anti-money laundering, sanctions and anti-bribery regulations and related compliance costs and third-party risks;

 

   

Global Blue is subject to risks relating to intellectual property;

 

   

Litigation or investigations involving Global Blue could result in material settlements, fines or penalties;

 

   

Failure to comply with the covenants or other obligations contained in the Facilities Agreement could result in an event of default;

 

   

Global Blue relies on its operating subsidiaries to provide it with funds necessary to meet Global Blue’s financial obligations and Global Blue’s ability to pay dividends may be constrained;

 

   

Global Blue’s indebtedness imposes restrictions on Global Blue’s business;

 

   

Global Blue’s inability to generate sufficient cash flow could affect its ability to execute its strategic plans;

 

   

Global Blue is exposed to interest rate, currency translation and transaction risks;

 

   

Global Blue’s consolidated financial statements include significant intangible assets which could be impaired;

 

   

As a “foreign private issuer” under the rules and regulations of the SEC, the Company is permitted to, and may, file less or different information with the SEC than a company incorporated in the United States or otherwise not filing as a “foreign private issuer”;

 

   

Global Blue has identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting;

 

   

If Global Blue fails to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, it may not be able to accurately report its financial results or prevent fraud;

 

   

Silver Lake is able to exert control over Global Blue;

 

   

Global Blue is incurring higher costs post-Business Combination as a result of being a public company;

 

   

For so long as GBCCI holds a license from the Bank of Italy, acquiring a direct or indirect substantial stake in Global Blue’s share capital may require the prior consent of, or post-closing notification to, the Bank of Italy and may be subjected to restrictions and other requirements;

 

   

Securityholders have limited ability to bring an action against the Company or against its directors and officers, or to enforce a judgment against the Company or them;

 

   

Global Blue is an “emerging growth company” and as a result of the reduced disclosure and governance requirements applicable to emerging growth companies, our ordinary shares may be less attractive to investors; and

 

   

The Company may not be able to make dividend distributions or repurchase shares without subjecting shareholders to Swiss withholding tax.



 

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Corporate Structure

The following diagram depicts the organizational structure of the Company immediately after Closing. Percentages refer to voting power of our ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares held by the respective shareholders or shareholder groups. Our ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares have the same voting rights. Therefore, in calculating the percentages, (a) the numerator is calculated by adding the number of our ordinary shares held by the shareholder and the number of Series A Preferred Shares held by the shareholder; and (b) the denominator is calculated by adding the aggregate number of our ordinary shares outstanding and the aggregate number of Series A Preferred Shares outstanding. The structure chart excludes any post-Closing cashless exchange of Series A Preferred Shares for ordinary shares and assumes none of the Global Blue Warrants are exercised.

 

LOGO

 

(1)

Reflects ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares held by our directors, members of Executive Management, and other employees. This includes ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares held by Estera Trust (Jersey) Limited as trustee on behalf of certain employees and members of management.

(2)

Reflects ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares directly held by Globetrotter and Cayman Holdings. SL Globetrotter GP, Ltd. is the general partner of Globetrotter and Cayman Holdings. The sole shareholder of SL Globetrotter GP, Ltd. is Silver Lake Technology Associates III Cayman, L.P. The general partner of Silver Lake Technology Associates III Cayman, L.P. is Silver Lake (Offshore) AIV GP III, Ltd. Each of the entities identified in this footnote may be deemed to beneficially own the securities held by Globetrotter and Cayman Holdings.

(3)

Third Point LLC holds its interests in the Company through ordinary shares held by two affiliates, Cloudbreak Aggregator LP and Third Point Ventures LLC. Each of Third Point LLC, Cloudbreak Aggregator LP and Third Point Ventures LLC disclaims beneficial ownership of any such securities except to the extent of their respective pecuniary interest therein.

(4)

Represents ordinary shares acquired by Ant pursuant to the share purchase and contribution agreement dated January 15, 2020 by and amongst Ant, the Company, Globetrotter and Cayman Holdings. Ant is a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Ant Small and Micro Financial Services Group Co., Ltd. (“Ant Small and Micro Financial”). Ant Small and Micro Financial may therefore be deemed to be the indirect beneficial owner of ordinary shares held by Ant.



 

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Corporate Information

The Company is a stock corporation (Aktiengesellschaft) incorporated under Swiss law with operations primarily in Switzerland and was incorporated in December 2019 solely for the purpose of effectuating the Business Combination, which was consummated on August 28, 2020.

Global Blue Group AG is a stock corporation (Aktiengesellschaft) incorporated under Swiss law and is domiciled in Switzerland. Global Blue Group AG was incorporated in Switzerland on March 16, 2018 and has been the consolidating entity for purposes of Global Blue’s financial statements. Prior to such time, Global Blue Investment & Co S.C.A., which is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Global Blue Group AG, had been the consolidating entity for purposes of Global Blue’s financial statements and the holding company of Global Blue since August 1, 2012, when funds and investment vehicles directly or indirectly managed and/or advised by Silver Lake and Partners Group acquired, in aggregate, 100% of the share capital of Global Blue Luxembourg Holdings S.à r.l., the parent company of Global Blue at the time (the “2012 GB Acquisition”).

The Company’s registered office and the mailing address of its principal executive office is Zürichstrasse 38, 8306 Brüttisellen, Switzerland and its telephone number is +41 22 363 77 40. The Company’s principal website address is www.globalblue.com. We do not incorporate the information contained on, or accessible through, the Company’s websites into this prospectus, and you should not consider it a part of this prospectus. The Company’s agent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc., located at 10 E 40th Street, New York, NY 10016.



 

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SUMMARY TERMS OF THE OFFERING

The summary below describes the principal terms of the offering. The “Description of Securities” section of this prospectus contains a more detailed description of the Company’s ordinary shares, the Global Blue Warrants and the Series A Preferred Shares.

 

Ordinary shares being offered by us

54,567,963 ordinary shares of the Company, consisting of (i) 30,849,974 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of all outstanding Global Blue Warrants and (ii) 23,717,989 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of the Series A Preferred Shares

 

Ordinary shares being registered for resale by the selling securityholders named in this prospectus

187,755,946 ordinary shares of the Company, which includes up to 33,484,656 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of all outstanding Global Blue Warrants and the conversion privilege attached to the Series A Preferred Shares

 

Warrants being registered for resale by the selling securityholders named in this prospectus

9,766,667 Global Blue Warrants

 

Convertible securities being registered for resale
by the selling securityholders named in this
prospectus

23,717,989 Series A Preferred Shares

 

 

Ordinary shares outstanding and on a fully diluted
basis assuming the exercise of all outstanding
Global Blue Warrants and conversion of all outstanding Series A Preferred Shares

222,392,759 (as of September 17, 2020)

 

Dividend policy

Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus, we currently expect to retain all future earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not plan to pay any dividends on our ordinary shares in the near future. The declaration and payment of any dividends in the future will be determined by the Board of Directors in its discretion, and will depend on a number of factors, including our earnings, capital requirements, overall financial condition, applicable law and contractual restrictions. See “Dividend Policy.”

 

Use of proceeds

The selling securityholders will receive all of the proceeds from the sale of any ordinary shares, Global Blue Warrants or Series A Preferred Shares sold by them pursuant to this prospectus. The Company will not receive any proceeds from these sales.

 

  However, we will receive up to an aggregate of $112,316,670 from the exercise of Global Blue Warrants that are being offered for sale in this prospectus, assuming the exercise in full of all such Global Blue Warrants for cash at an exercise price of $11.50 per ordinary share. We will not receive any proceeds from any conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares into ordinary shares. See “Use of Proceeds.”


 

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Market for our securities

Our ordinary shares and the Global Blue Warrants are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbols “GB” and “GB.WS,” respectively. The Series A Preferred Shares are not listed on any stock exchange.

 

Risk factors

Investing in our securities involves substantial risks. See “Risk Factors” for a description of certain of the risks you should consider before investing in the Company.


 

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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED HISTORICAL AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

FPAC

This section contains the following selected historical financial information to assist you in your analysis of the financial aspects of Global Blue: FPAC’s condensed balance sheet information as of June 30, 2020, March 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as well as FPAC’s condensed statements of operations information for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2019, the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, and the year ended December 31, 2019 and from February 23, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018. The selected historical financial information has been derived from FPAC’s (i) unaudited financial statements as of June 30, 2020 and for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2019, (ii) unaudited financial statements as of March 31, 2020 and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, and (iii) audited financial statements as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and for the year ended December 31, 2019 and the period from February 23, 2018 (inception) to December 31, 2018, included elsewhere in this prospectus.

FPAC’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and are presented in U.S. dollars.

The information is only a summary and should be read in conjunction with FPAC’s financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this prospectus. The historical results included below and elsewhere in this prospectus are not indicative of the future performance of FPAC. Certain amounts that appear in this section may not sum due to rounding.



 

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SELECTED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION

 

     As of June 30,
2020
(unaudited)
     As of March 31,
2020
(unaudited)
     As of December 31,
2019
     As of December 31,
2018
 
     (in millions of
US$, except
share and per
share data)
     (in millions of
US$, except
share and per
share data)
    

(in millions of

US$, except

share and per
share data)

    

(in millions of

US$, except

share and per
share data)

 

Assets:

           

Current assets:

           

Cash

     0.5        0.7        1.1        1.7  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     0.5        0.1        0.1        0.1  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

     1.0        0.8        1.2        1.8  

Investments held in Trust Account

     651.4        651.4        649.4        639.7  

Other assets

     0        0        0        0  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Assets

     652.4        652.7        650.6        641.5  

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:

           

Current liabilities:

           

Accounts payable

     0.2        0.1        0        0  

Accrued expenses

     9.7        8.5        2.2        0.6  

Income tax payable

     —          0.4        —          1.5  

Franchise tax payable

     0.0        0.1        0.1        0.1  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     10.0        9.1        2.3        2.2  

Deferred underwriting commissions

     20.7        20.7        20.7        20.7  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

     30.7        29.8        23.0        22.9  

Commitments

           

Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value; 61,797,692, 62,258,819 and 61,358,834 shares subject to possible redemption at $10.00 per share at March 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively

     616.7        618.0        622.6        613.6  

Stockholders’ Equity:

           

Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding

     —          —          —          —    

Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized; 1,452,308, 991,181 and 1,891,166 shares issued and outstanding (excluding 61,797,692, 62,258,819 and 61,358,834 shares subject to possible redemption) at March 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively

     —          —          —          —    

Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 15,812,500 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018

     0        0        0        0  

Additional paid-in capital

     0        0        0        0.4  

Retained earnings

     5.0        5.0        5.0        4.6  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

     5.0        5.0        5.0        5.0  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

     652.4        652.7        650.6        641.5  


 

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SELECTED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS INFORMATION

 

     For the six
months
ended
June 30,
2020
(unaudited)
    For the six
months
ended
June 30,
2019
(unaudited)
    For the three
months
ended
March 31,
2020
(unaudited)
    For the three
months
ended
March 31,
2019
(unaudited)
    For the year
ended
December 31,
2019
    For the
period from
February 23,
2018
(inception)
through
December 31,
2018
 
     (in US$
millions,
except share
and per
share data)
    (in US$
millions,
except share
and per
share data)
    (in US$
millions,
except share
and per
share data)
    (in US$
millions,
except share
and per
share data)
    (in US$
millions,
except share
and per
share data)
    (in US$
millions,
except share
and per
share data)
 

General and administrative costs

     (8.0     (1.1     (6.6     (0.3     (2.1     (1.0

Franchise tax expense

     (0.1     (0.1     0       (0.1     (0.2     (0.1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss from operations

     (8.1     (1.2     (6.6     (0.4     (2.3     (1.1

Interest and investment income

     2.7       8.1       2.5       3.8       14.4       7.2  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income tax expense

     (5.4     6.9       (4.1     3.4       12.1       6.1  

Income tax expense

     (0.5     (1.7     (0.5     (0.8     (3.0     (1.5
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     (5.9     5.1       (4.6     2.6       9.1       4.6  

Weighted average shares outstanding of Class A common stock

     63,250,000       63,250,000       63,250,000       63,250,000       63,250,000       63,250,000  

Basic and diluted net income per share, Class A

     0.03       0.10       0.03       0.05       0.18       0.09  

Weighted average shares outstanding of Class B common stock

     15,812,500       15,812,500       15,812,500       15,812,500       15,812,500       15,812,500  

Basic and diluted net loss per share, Class B

     (0.51     (0.07     (0.41     (0.02     (0.13     (0.06

Global Blue

This section contains the following selected historical financial information: Global Blue’s consolidated financial statement data as of and for the financial years ended March 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. These are derived from Global Blue’s audited consolidated financial statements, included elsewhere in this prospectus. Global Blue’s historical audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2020 have been restated. See Note 1 to Global Blue’s audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Global Blue’s audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS and are presented in euro.

The information is only a summary and should be read in conjunction with Global Blue’s consolidated financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this prospectuts and the discussions under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” The historical results included below and elsewhere in this prospectus are not indicative of the future performance of Global Blue. Certain amounts that appear in this section may not sum due to rounding.



 

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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT DATA

 

     For the Financial Year Ended March 31,  
     2020      2019      2018  
     (in € millions, except share and per share data)  
     (Restated)                

Total revenue

     420.4        413.0        421.4  

Operating expenses

     (379.2      (354.4      (361.6
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating profit

     41.2        58.5        59.9  

Finance income

     5.3        2.8        2.4  

Finance costs

     (37.2      (31.5      (34.5
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net finance costs

     (31.8      (28.7      (32.1
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Profit before tax

     9.4        29.8        27.7  

Income tax expense

     (7.7      (23.0      (8.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Profit for the period

     1.7        6.9        19.5  

Owners of the parent

     (3.5      2.4        15.7  

Non-controlling interests

     5.2        4.5        3.8  

Profit for the period

     1.7        6.9        19.5  

Shares outstanding

     40,000,000        40,000,000        40,000,000  

Basic attributable profit / (loss) per share

     (0.09      0.06        0.39  

Diluted attributable profit / (loss) per share

     (0.09      0.06        0.39  

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION DATA

 

     As of March 31,  
     2020      2019      2018  
     (Restated)                
     (in € millions)  

ASSETS

        

Non-current assets

     712.8        777.8        783.1  

Current assets

     411.4        421.3        384.4  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

     1,124.2        1,199.2        1,167.6  

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

        

Equity attributable to owners of the parent

     63.1        78.5        80.7  

Non-controlling interests

     8.4        8.4        8.9  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity

     71.5        87.0        89.6  

Liabilities

        

Non-current liabilities

     704.0        717.8        689.1  

Current liabilities

     348.7        394.4        388.8  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     1,052.7        1,112.2        1,078.0  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity and liabilities

     1,124.2        1,199.2        1,167.6  


 

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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT DATA

 

     For the Financial Year Ended March 31,  
           2020                  2019                  2018        
     (in € millions)  

Net cash from operating activities

     189.3        114.3        85.0  

Net cash used in investing activities

     (42.7      (40.3      (26.8

Net cash used in financing activities

     (22.2      (19.1      (119.8

Net foreign exchange differences

     (1.2      (0.6      (2.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents

     123.1        54.4        (63.9

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period

     104.1        50.7        111.7  

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period

     226.1        104.1        50.7  

Net change in bank overdraft facilities

     (1.1      (1.0      2.9  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

     123.1        54.4        (63.9


 

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OTHER FINANCIAL DATA OF GLOBAL BLUE

The table below presents certain financial measures on a consolidated basis, which are not recognized measures of financial performance or liquidity under IFRS, as of and for the financial years ended March 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. Global Blue’s historical audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2020 have been restated. See Note 1 to Global Blue’s audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. These non-IFRS measures are presented because they are used by management to monitor the underlying performance of Global Blue’s business and operations. In addition, these non-IFRS measures presented in this prospectus are measures commonly used in Global Blue’s industry and by analysts and investors as supplemental measures of performance. Additionally, these measures, when used in conjunction with related IFRS financial measures, provide investors with an additional financial analytical framework which management uses, in addition to historical operating results, as a basis for financial, operational and planning decisions and present measurements that third parties have indicated are useful in assessing Global Blue and its results. These non-IFRS measures may not be indicative of Global Blue’s historical operating results nor are such measures meant to be predictive of Global Blue’s future results. These non-IFRS measures should be read in conjunction with the discussions under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Not all companies calculate non-IFRS measures in the same manner or on a consistent basis. As a result, these measures and ratios may not be comparable to measures used by other companies under the same or similar names. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on the non-IFRS measures presented below.

 

     As of and for the Financial
Year Ended March 31
 
           2020 Restated                 2019                 2018        
     (in € millions, except for percentages and ratios)  

Volume

      

Total SiS

     22,855       22,598       21,844  

Profitability

      

Adjusted EBITDA(1)

     170.7       173.5       171.0  

Adjusted EBITDA Margin (%)(1)

     40.6     42.0     40.6

Adjusted Net Income (Group Share)(2)

     71.9       83.5       94.3  

Adjusted Effective Tax Rate (%)(3)

     22.7     23.0     22.7

Leverage

      

Adjusted Net Debt(4)

     445.6       572.0       579.3  

Leverage Ratio(4)

     2.6       3.3       3.4  

 

(1)

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as profit for the period adjusted to exclude (i) net finance cost, (ii) income tax expense, (iii) depreciation and amortization (including the amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations) and (iv) exceptional items that Global Blue does not consider indicative of its ongoing operating performance, and which are not directly related to ordinary business operations or included in the assessment of management performance. The exceptional items are itemized below. Adjusted EBITDA Margin represents Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue. In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA Margin, you should be aware that, in the future, Global Blue may incur expenses that are the same as or similar to some of the adjustments set forth below. Global Blue’s presentation of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin should not be construed as an inference that its future results will be unaffected by exceptional items. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin have important limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider either in isolation, or as a substitute of Global Blue’s results as reported under IFRS. For example, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect (i) Global Blue’s capital expenditure or future requirements for capital expenditure, (ii) changes in, or cash requirements for, Global Blue’s working capital needs, (iii) the interest



 

15


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  expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on Global Blue’s debt, (iv) income tax expense or the cash necessary to pay income taxes or (v) any cash requirements for the assets being depreciated and amortized that may have to be replaced in the future. Set forth below is a reconciliation of profit for the period to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented.

 

     For the Financial Year Ended March 31,  
       2020 Restated          2019          2018    
     (in € millions)  

Profit for the period

     1.7        6.9        19.5  

Net finance cost

     31.8        28.7        32.1  

Income tax expense

     7.7        23.0        8.3  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating profit

     41.2        58.5        59.9  

Depreciation and amortization(a)

     113.6        105.1        86.7  

Exceptional items(b)

     16.0        9.9        24.4  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

     170.7        173.5        171.0  

 

  (a)

Depreciation and amortization consist of (i) amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations and (ii) other depreciation and amortization, which have been broken out below. Set forth below is an overview of depreciation and amortization for the periods presented.

 

     For the Financial Year Ended March 31,  
         2020              2019              2018      
     (in € millions)  

Amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations(i)

     74.5        74.6        74.8  

Other depreciation and amortization

     39.1        30.5        11.9  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

     113.6        105.1        86.7  

 

  (i)

Represents the amortization of the assets recognized as a result of purchase price allocation from an acquisition. Figures shown predominantly relate to the amortization in connection with the 2012 GB Acquisition.

 

  (b)

Exceptional items consist of items which Global Blue does not consider indicative of its ongoing operating performance, not directly related to ordinary business operations and which are not included in the assessment of management performance. Set forth below is an overview of exceptional items for the periods presented.

 

     For the Financial Year Ended March 31,  
       2020 Restated          2019          2018    
     (in € millions)  

Business restructuring expenses(i)

     (2.2      (4.4      (2.6

Corporate restructuring expenses(ii)

     (10.3      (1.3      (7.1

Monitoring fee(iii)

     (0.7      (0.8      (1.0

Impairment(iv)

     (1.0      —          (2.0

Share-based payments(v)

     (3.3      (0.7      (0.7

Net sales of assets loss(vi)

     (0.1      (1.7      (0.0

Other exceptional items(vii)

     1.7        (1.0      (11.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Exceptional items

     (16.0      (9.9      (24.4

 

  (i)

Business restructuring expenses correspond to expenses related to replacement of management positions and costs associated with replacing management roles, changing of debt facilities or discontinued operations.



 

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  (ii)

Corporate restructuring expenses correspond to legal, consultancy and advisory expenses associated with historical preparations for the partial exit of the existing shareholders. The amounts related to the financial years ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 are associated with historical preparations for the exit of the shareholders. The costs in the financial year ended March 31, 2020 relate to costs incurred in relation to the Business Combination.

  (iii)

Monitoring fee comprises fees payable to Silver Lake and Partners Group in connection with a monitoring fee agreement that was entered into on July 31, 2012 and related reimbursements. On May 14, 2020, Silver Lake and Partners Group agreed to waive their respective rights to a monitoring fee for any portion accrued and payable after December 31, 2019. The obligation to pay the monitoring fee terminated at Closing.

  (iv)

In the financial year ended March 31, 2018, impairment relates to the impairment of the goodwill of the Malaysian operating subsidiary, in anticipation of the Malaysian government’s decision to abolish its GST whilst in the financial year ended March 31, 2020 impairment relates to the impairment of certain capitalized software, following a detailed review of the software across the full organization.

  (v)

Share-based payments reflect the fair value change in the share-based payment liability according to IFRS 2 (Share-Based Payment). The share-based compensation plan was implemented as part of the 2012 GB Acquisition.

  (vi)

Net sales of assets loss comprises losses on sales of property, plant and equipment.

  (vii)

Other exceptional items comprise one-offs, such as the provision associated with the French tax audit in the financial year ended March 31, 2018, the closing of the Malaysian operating subsidiary in the financial year ended March 31, 2019 and the release of the contingent consideration (related to the Refund Suisse acquisition) in the financial year ended March 31, 2020.

 

(2)

Adjusted Net Income (Group Share) is defined as profit / (loss) attributable to owners of the parent adjusted to exclude (in each case only the share attributable to owners of the parent): (i) exceptional items that Global Blue does not consider indicative of its ongoing operating performance, (ii) amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations and (iii) tax effects of adjustments. Global Blue’s management believes that Adjusted Net Income (Group Share) is a meaningful measure for investors because it provides a view of Global Blue’s underlying profitability without the impact of non-operating, exceptional expenses and without the accounting effects resulting from amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations. Set forth below is a reconciliation of profit / (loss) attributable to owners of the parent to Adjusted Net Income (Group Share) for the periods presented.

 

     For the Financial Year Ended March 31,  
       2020 Restated            2019            2018    
     (in € millions)  

Profit / (loss) attributable to owners of the parent

     (3.5      2.4        15.7  

Exceptional items

     16.0        9.9        24.4  

Amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations

     74.5        74.6        74.8  

Tax effect of adjustments(a)

     (14.9      (3.4      (20.6
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted Net income (Group Share)

     71.9        83.5        94.3  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 


 

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  (a)

The exclusion of exceptional items and amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations mechanically implies an increased tax payment. There are certain exceptional income tax expenses, which are not related to the financial year and, as such, are excluded. Set forth below is an overview of such expenses for the periods presented.

 

     For the Financial Year Ended
March 31,
 
     2020
Restated
     2019      2018  
     (in € millions)  

Income tax expenses related to amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations

     (15.1      (15.1      (15.1

Tax impact of exceptional items

     (1.2      (2.8      (8.3

Exceptional income tax expenses(i)

     1.3        14.5        2.7  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Tax effect of adjustments

     (14.9      (3.4      (20.6

 

  (i)

Exceptional income tax expenses relate mainly to the tax audit of Global Blue’s Italian subsidiary. See “Other Information About Global Blue—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings, Investigations and Tax Audits—Tax Matters—Italy.”

 

(3)

Adjusted Effective Tax Rate is equal to (i) income tax expense plus the tax effect of adjustments divided by (ii) profit before tax plus exceptional items and amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations. Global Blue management believes that Adjusted Effective Tax Rate is a relevant measure and is more representative of the rate implied by income taxes paid. In addition, adjusted tax expenses are more representative of the actual amount of cash taxes paid. Global Blue believes that income tax expense and profit before tax, those being the IFRS line-items used to calculated the Effective Tax Rate, are impacted by items not representative of the operational performance of the business. Set forth below is an overview of the items required to calculate Effective Tax Rate and Adjusted Effective Tax Rate for the periods presented.

 

     For the Financial Year Ended
March 31,
 
     2020
Restated
    2019     2018  
     (in € millions)  

(i) Income tax expense

     (7.7     (23.0     (8.3

Tax effect of adjustments(a)

     (14.9     (3.4     (20.6

(ii) Adjusted tax expenses

     (22.6     (26.3     (28.9

(iii) Profit before tax

     9.4       29.8       27.7  

Exceptional items(b)

     16.0       9.9       24.4  

Amortization of intangible assets acquired through business combinations

     74.5       74.6       74.8  

(iv) Adjusted profit before tax

     99.8       114.3       127.0  

(i)/(iii) Effective Tax Rate (%)

     82.1     77.0     29.8

(ii)/(iv) Adjusted Effective Tax Rate (%)

     22.7     23.0     22.7

 

  (a)

Tax effect of adjustments are certain exceptional income tax expenses, which are not related to the financial year. See footnote (2) above for further details on tax effect of adjustments.

  (b)

Exceptional items consist of items which Global Blue does not consider indicative of its ongoing operating performance, which are not directly related to ordinary business operations or included in the assessment of management performance. See footnote (1)(b) above for further details on exceptional items.



 

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(4)

Adjusted Net Debt is defined as (i) the aggregate principal value of non-current loans and borrowings; current lease liabilities and non-current lease liabilities, less (ii) cash and cash equivalents. Global Blue believes Adjusted Net Debt is a meaningful measure for investors because it provides a view as to Global Blue’s indebtedness. Global Blue defines Leverage Ratio as Adjusted Net Debt divided by Adjusted EBITDA. Global Blue believes Leverage Ratio is a meaningful measure for investors because it provides a view as to Global Blue’s indebtedness relative to the Adjusted EBITDA. Relative to the IFRS definition of net debt, Adjusted Net Debt excludes capitalized financing costs and the IFRS 9 loan modification impact (see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies—Impact of new standards issued”), as these are non-cash elements and are not representative of the cash-based obligation and exclude other bank overdraft, which represents short-term borrowings. Set forth below is a reconciliation to Adjusted Net Debt and an overview of the items required to calculate Leverage Ratio for the periods presented.

 

     As of and for the Financial Year Ended
March 31,
 
     2020
    Restated    
         2019              2018      
     (in € millions)  

Principal value of non-current loans and borrowings

     630.0        630.0        630.0  

Current lease liabilities

     14.0        13.7        —    

Non-current lease liabilities

     27.8        32.4        —    

Cash and cash equivalents

     (226.1      (104.1      (50.7
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted Net Debt

     445.6        572.0        579.3  

Adjusted EBITDA

     170.7        173.5        171.0  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Leverage Ratio

     2.6        3.3        3.4  

Adjusted Net Debt

     445.6        572.0        579.3  

Capitalized financing costs

     (9.7      (13.4      (17.2

IFRS 9 loan modification impact

     4.3        5.8        —    

Other bank overdraft(a)

     1.1        2.1        3.0  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net debt

     441.3        566.6        565.1  

 

  (a)

Local credit facilities are available in certain jurisdictions. None of these local overdraft facilities were committed in nature.



 

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SUMMARY UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following summary unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial data (the “Summary Pro Forma Data”) gives effect to the Business Combination and is described under “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information.”

The summary unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of financial position data as of March 31, 2020 gives effect to the Business Combination as if it had been consummated as of that date. The summary unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement data for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, give effect to the Business Combination as if it had occurred on April 1, 2019. The Summary Pro Forma Data has been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the more detailed unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and the accompanying notes to such pro forma financial statements. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is based upon, and should be read in conjunction with, the consolidated financial statements and related notes of Global Blue and FPAC included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The Summary Pro Forma Data has been presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of what the Company’s actual financial position or results of operations would have been had the Business Combination been completed as of the dates indicated. In addition, the Summary Pro Forma Data does not purport to project the future financial position or operating results of the Company. The unaudited pro forma adjustments are based on information currently available. The assumptions and estimates underlying the unaudited pro forma adjustments are described in the notes to the accompanying unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information. Actual results may differ materially from the assumptions used to present the accompanying unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information. Management of Global Blue has made significant estimates and assumptions in the determination of the pro forma adjustments. As the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared based on these preliminary estimates, the final amounts recorded may differ materially from the information presented. As a result, this should be read in conjunction with the historical financial information included elsewhere in the prospectus.

Summary Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Income Statement for the Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2020

 

Total revenue

    420.4  

Operating expenses

    (377.0
 

 

 

 

Operating profit

    43.4  

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent

    3.5  

Profit for the year attributable to ordinary shares

    3.2  

Profit for the year attributable to Series A Preferred Shares

    0.3  

Ordinary Shares

 

Pro forma weighted average number of shares in issue, basic

    173,319,301  

Basic attributable profit per share

  0.02  

Pro forma weighted average number of shares in issue, diluted

    191,542,785  

Diluted attributable profit per share

  0.02  


 

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Series A Preferred Shares

  

Pro forma weighted average number of shares in issue, basic

     18,223,484  

Basic attributable profit per share

   0.02  

Pro forma weighted average number of shares in issue, diluted

     18,223,484  

Diluted attributable profit per share

   0.02  

Summary Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Financial Position as of March 31, 2020

 

Total current assets

     378.4  

Total assets

     1,091.2  

Total current liabilities

     361.6  

Total liabilities

     1,060.9  

Total shareholders’ equity

     30.2  


 

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COMPARATIVE PER SHARE DATA

The following table sets forth the historical comparative share information for Global Blue and FPAC on a standalone basis and the unaudited pro forma combined share information for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, after giving effect to the Business Combination.

The following comparative per share data is only a summary and should be read together with the historical financial information of FPAC and Global Blue as well as the financial statements of FPAC and Global Blue and related notes that are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following comparative per share data is derived from, and should also be read in conjunction with, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The comparative per share data does not purport to represent the earnings per share which would have occurred had the companies been combined during the periods presented, nor earnings per share for any future date or period. The unaudited pro forma combined book value per share information below does not purport to represent what the value of FPAC or Global Blue would have been had the companies been combined during the period presented. The ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares share equally in dividends declared or accumulated, and have equal participation rights in undistributed earnings.

Weighted average number of shares in issue

 

     Global Blue
Restated(a)
     FPAC      Pro Forma
Combined(b)(c)
 

Basic Common Class A

     40,000,000        63,250,000        173,319,301  

Diluted Common Class A

     40,000,000        63,250,000        191,542,785  

Basic Common Class B

     N/A        15,812,500        N/A  

Diluted Common Class B

     N/A        15,812,500        N/A  

Basic Series A Preferred Shares

     N/A        N/A        18,223,484  

Diluted Series A Preferred Shares

     N/A        N/A        18,223,484  

Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2020

 

Profit for the year attributable to the owners of the parent (M)

     (3.5     1.7       3.5  

Ordinary shares (€)

     N/A       N/A       3.2  

Series A Preferred Shares (€)

     N/A       N/A       0.3  

Basic Class A attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     (€0.09     €0.14       €  0.02  

Diluted Class A attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     (€0.09     €0.14       €  0.02  

Basic Class B attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     N/A       (€0.47     N/A  

Diluted Class B attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     N/A       (€0.47     N/A  

Basic Series A Preferred Shares attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     N/A       N/A       €  0.22  

Diluted Series A Preferred Shares attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     N/A                   N/A       €0.202  

Equity attributable to owners of the parent (M)

     63.1       4.6       21.9  

Basic Class A attributable equity per share (€)

     €1.58       €0.03       €  0.13  

Diluted Class A attributable equity per share (€)

     €1.58       €0.03       €  0.11  

Basic Class B attributable equity per share (€)

     N/A       €0.03                   N/A  

Diluted Class B attributable equity per share (€)

                 N/A       €0.03       N/A  


 

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(a)

Prior to the Business Combination, 40,000,000 ordinary shares of Global Blue Group AG were outstanding. As a result of the contribution to the Company (and giving effect to the Management Roll-up, which includes the conversion of non-convertible equity certificates and other items), the number of shares increased.

(b)

On July 13, 2020, representatives of Globetrotter sent FPAC’s board of directors a memorandum outlining certain changes to the Transaction terms that Globetrotter and certain other shareholders of Global Blue were committed to unilaterally effectuating in connection with the Business Combination. Pursuant to the Waiver Letter, Globetrotter (on behalf of itself and the Seller Parties) provided binding commitments, including the cashless exchange of €50 million Series A Preferred Shares into ordinary shares post-Closing. As a result of this, after Closing, the Series A Preferred Shares will be reduced by 5.5 million from 23.7 million to 18.2 million and our ordinary shares will be increased by 5.5 million from 167.8 million to 173.3 million.

(c)

The total number of shares reflect Closing-related adjustments to the share consideration and the cash consideration under the Merger Agreement and an exchange rate of 1.1859 U.S. dollar per euro.



 

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RISK FACTORS

An investment in the Company’s securities carries a significant degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risks and other information in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, before you decide to purchase the Company’s securities. Additional risks and uncertainties of which we are not presently aware or that we currently deem immaterial could also affect our business operations and financial condition. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects could be materially affected. As a result, the trading price of the Company’s securities could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Related to Global Blue’s Industry, Business and Regulatory Environment

Global Blue is subject to currency exchange rate risk in the conduct of its business, including commercial risk if certain currency zones become less attractive for inbound international shoppers.

Global Blue’s business operates globally and Global Blue is subject to currency exchange rate risk. Global Blue’s main service, the TFS business, exposes it to commercial risks due to changes in relative foreign exchange rates between international shoppers’ origin and destination currencies, which may reduce the purchasing power of international shoppers, and, consequently, may negatively affect transaction volumes, typically for a short period until the relative foreign exchange rates reverse. This in turn could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition. Such foreign exchange rate fluctuations can be driven by numerous factors, including regulatory decisions, government relations, monetary policy and macroeconomic factors that affect appreciation and depreciation between currencies. For example, in 2017, the depreciation of the Russian ruble against the euro negatively affected Russian spending in the Eurozone. In addition, during the spring and summer of 2018, the appreciation of the euro against emerging market currencies dampened the spending of international shoppers in the Eurozone and as a result negatively impacted Global Blue’s revenue growth.

These fluctuations may also impact Global Blue’s AVPS business as movements in relative foreign exchange rates between origin and destination currency pairs may reduce the number of AVPS transactions completed and could therefore have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue’s business is highly dependent on international travel, which may be adversely affected by regional or global circumstances or travel restrictions.

Global Blue’s business is highly dependent on international travel. Regional or global circumstances affecting international travel, such as airline strikes, natural disasters, international hostilities, civil unrest, terrorist attacks, contagious disease outbreaks or other similar events, could reduce international travel, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition. For example, terrorist attacks in recent years in Belgium, England, France, Germany, Sweden, Turkey and other countries have contributed to temporarily depressed levels of tourism growth in Europe and have had an impact on Global Blue’s revenue and exposed Global Blue’s revenue profile to increased volatility. In 2016, for instance, France experienced terrorist attacks in Paris (Bataclan) and Nice, resulting in a temporary decrease in TFS SiS in France. Additionally, in 2018 and 2019, the yellow vests (gilets jaunes) protests in France also caused a short-term decrease in spending in Paris, as the protests discouraged international shoppers from travelling to Paris and the protesters made it difficult for international shoppers to access shops. Moreover, contagious disease outbreaks, such as the SARS outbreak in 2003 and MERS in 2015, have historically temporarily curtailed, to varying degrees, the number of arrivals by international shoppers to jurisdictions in which Global Blue operates. More recently, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and the measures adopted by governments, businesses and individuals in response to it, have resulted in significant travel disruption. See “—The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significantly decreased activity in the international travel and extra-regional shopping sectors and, as

 

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a result, has had a significant negative impact on Global Blue. The effects of COVID-19 are expected to continue to have a negative impact on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition until the pandemic and health concerns subside and the related preventative measures are lifted.

Passenger volumes and international travel may also be affected by travel restrictions. More stringent immigration laws and difficulties in obtaining visas may deter international shoppers and reduce their numbers in countries in which Global Blue operates. In particular, Global Blue’s TFS business provides services to merchants who have a significant number of Chinese international shoppers as customers and would be adversely affected by increased restrictions on Chinese shoppers’ ability to travel internationally. For example, Global Blue’s TFS business was temporarily impacted when the EU introduced new biometric visa requirements in October 2015, which caused a temporary slowdown in visa processing until all new compliant visa centers were fully operational and at full potential for processing visa applications. Any such travel restrictions could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue’s business is dependent on the overall level of consumer spending, which is affected by general economic conditions and spending patterns.

Global Blue’s management believes that a significant part of Global Blue’s business serves the leisure segment of the travel industry. In addition to the factors listed under “—Global Blue’s business is highly dependent on international travel, which may be adversely affected by regional or global circumstances or travel restrictions,” leisure travel may also be adversely affected by general economic downturns and conditions. The number of transactions and the amount spent by international shoppers in stores is affected by general economic conditions, particularly those which underpin international travel and shopping across the world. Economic recession and other economic indicators, such as levels of employment, levels of disposable income, inflation, consumer credit availability and interest rates, may also negatively impact spending patterns and can affect all of Global Blue’s business segments. A deterioration of market conditions may also slow down or reverse the growth of the middle class in emerging markets, which could in turn reduce international travel and extra-regional shopping spend. While the ultimate negative impact on Global Blue’s results of operations cannot be accurately quantified at this time, the COVID-19 pandemic could result in an economic recession that potentially slows down middle class growth, leisure travel and spending patterns. See “—The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significantly decreased activity in the international travel and extra-regional shopping sectors and, as a result, has had a significant negative impact on Global Blue. The effects of COVID-19 are expected to continue to have a negative impact on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition until the pandemic and health concerns subside and the related preventative measures are lifted.” A materialization of any of the above would have an adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significantly decreased activity in the international travel and extra-regional shopping sectors and, as a result, has had a significant negative impact on Global Blue. The effects of COVID-19 are expected to continue to have a negative impact on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition until the pandemic and health concerns subside and the related preventative measures are lifted.

A novel strain of coronavirus (with the resulting illness referred to as COVID-19), that was first identified in China in December 2019 and began to receive widespread international coverage in January 2020, has rapidly spread to over 170 countries globally. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization recognized COVID-19 as a pandemic.

Governments of many countries, regions, states and cities have taken preventative measures to try to contain the spread of COVID-19. These measures have included imposing restrictions on international travel and closing borders to all non-essential travel, business closures and social distancing protocols. Additionally, many businesses have voluntarily chosen or been mandated to temporarily close their operations and limit business- related travel, and individuals have decided to postpone or cancel leisure travel on an unprecedented scale.

 

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Collectively, these measures have severely curtailed international travel and diminished the level of economic activity around the world, including in the international travel and extra-regional shopping sectors.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the related preventative measures, as well as the associated curtailment of international travel and diminished economic activity, have negatively impacted Global Blue’s business and recent results of operations and financial condition, consistent with the risks discussed under “—Global Blue’s business is highly dependent on international travel, which may be adversely affected by regional or global circumstances or travel restrictions” and “—Global Blue’s business is dependent on the overall level of consumer spending, which is affected by general economic conditions and spending patterns.” The COVID-19 pandemic and the related preventative measures, as well as the associated curtailment of international travel and diminished economic activity, have negatively impacted Global Blue’s business and recent results of operations and financial condition. Since early March 2020, when government travel restrictions have been generally implemented, international travel and extra-regional shopping sectors have experienced a significant reduction in activity. Global Blue’s SiS in April, May, June and July was down 96%, 96%, 93% and 91% on an unaudited basis and relative to the respective month in the prior year. Monthly revenues, on an unaudited basis and relative to the respective month in the prior year, were also down 95%, 96%, 86% and 93%, respectively. In the four months since the beginning of the current financial year, SiS was down 94% and revenue was down 93%, on an unaudited basis and relative to the respective four months in the prior year. Beginning in July, European countries have begun to reopen borders to the majority of the Schengen area and select non-Schengen countries. However, there can be no assurance that these border re-openings will not be reversed in response to a resurgence in COVID-19 outbreaks. As shops reopen and international travel resumes over time, management anticipates that Global Blue’s performance may improve accordingly.

The discussion of historical performance, as presented under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” is presented up to March 31, 2020 and, as a result, only reflects the initial impact from the COVID-19 pandemic, which started to affect Global Blue’s business from February 2020. Accordingly, key financial metrics such as SiS, revenue and Adjusted EBITDA growth for the financial year ended March 31, 2020 are not reflective of the annual results expected for the financial year ending March 31, 2021 or any future periods. Global Blue’s management expects that the pandemic will have negative consequences on Global Blue’s results of operations, cash flows and financial position as of and for the financial year ending March 31, 2021. However, given the global and evolving nature of the pandemic, its impact on the international travel and extra- regional shopping sectors, and its impact on consumer spending through any economic recession, the ultimate negative impact and the duration of such negative impact on Global Blue’s results of operations cannot be accurately quantified at this time.

Depending on jurisdiction, Global Blue has furloughed staff or has reduced working hours and, in parallel, has applied for employee salary support schemes introduced by certain governments. Such schemes allow companies to place employees on paid leave or on reduced working hours, with the difference to an employee’s ordinary salary being partially reimbursed by the respective government. In countries in which no such employee salary support schemes are available, Global Blue has required personnel to take their (partially paid or unpaid) leave or has reduced its workforce. Moreover, members of senior management have agreed to temporary salary cuts. These personnel decisions vary based on function, country, and seniority. In addition, some governments have also approved tax holidays, allowing companies to postpone certain tax payments. Governments are continuously refining, expanding and/or clarifying their respective schemes, meaning that the exact benefits to the business community, including Global Blue, are evolving. Global Blue will implement extensions of furlough and/or partial employment schemes where longer-term government support is available and a workforce reduction where no meaningful support schemes are available.

In addition to the primary impacts discussed above, the COVID-19 pandemic could have a wide range of negative secondary impacts on Global Blue. For instance, merchants or customs and tax authorities could potentially fail or refuse to pay Global Blue, as discussed under “Global Blue is subject to counterparty risk and credit risk,” which could negatively impact Global Blue’s business, results of operations, and financial condition,

 

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although to date, any such impacts have been immaterial in the context of Global Blue’s financial condition. Global Blue only pays the revenue share to merchants after having collected the receivables, thereby reducing the net exposure. Separately, as the pandemic subsides and related preventative measures are lifted, international shoppers’ continuing health concerns could potentially outweigh pent-up travel and shopping demand, which in turn would depress demand for travel and tax-free shopping. Similarly, international shoppers’ demand could also be reduced should the number of airlines or operated routes not increase to levels seen before the pandemic. In addition, any economic recession resulting from the pandemic may also result in reduced consumer spending. Such reduced demand from international shoppers could significantly impact Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition. Global Blue cannot predict when the impacts of the pandemic will subside or how quickly thereafter international travel, consumer spending and demand for tax-free shopping and Global Blue services will return to pre-pandemic levels.

Global Blue’s success is dependent on the skills, experience and efforts of its senior management and key personnel, and any COVID-19 cost saving measures undertaken by Global Blue may negatively impact its business.

Global Blue’s success is dependent on the skills, experience and efforts of Global Blue’s senior management and key personnel that collectively and individually enable Global Blue to operate and manage the business effectively. As discussed under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—COVID-19,” and in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Global Blue is assessing and implementing longer-term cost savings initiatives to reduce its monthly cash expenditures. These initiatives include, among others, the continuation of furlough measures or the reduction of employees’ working hours where longer-term government support is available and a workforce reduction where no meaningful support schemes are available.

While management is carefully tailoring the longer-term COVID-19 prompted cost saving measures to ensure retention of the necessary knowledge and expertise to support the business when volumes recover, as a result of these measures, there could be a loss of institutional knowledge, experience, and/or expertise which could limit the ability of Global Blue to manage the business effectively, react to external developments, retain clients and make necessary technological developments. Similarly, these cost saving measures may negatively impact the morale of Global Blue’s workforce, leading to voluntary departures of additional employees. Although Global Blue management expects the roles of its furloughed and former employees to be performed by others, their skill sets may not allow them to perform the work as proficiently or efficiently as others. Accordingly, this could potentially negatively impact Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue’s net working capital is sensitive to short-term, month-to-month volume growth, and any rapid volume growth associated with the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic or for any other reason unrelated to the pandemic would lead to a short-term, temporary surge of its net working capital.

In Global Blue’s TFS business, net working capital is primarily driven by the timing of the payments that Global Blue makes to merchants and international shoppers, and the timing of the payments that it receives from merchants and tax authorities, which makes its net working capital sensitive to short-term, month-to-month volume growth. Typically, Global Blue refunds the VAT (net of transaction fees) to the international shoppers, after which it collects the full VAT from the merchant or tax authorities after approximately thirty (30) days on average and pays the merchant the percentage of the transaction fee after approximately one hundred (100) days on average.

If Global Blue experiences rapid month-on-month volume growth, for instance assuming a quick recovery in international travel after the COVID-19 pandemic, this could lead to a short-term, temporary surge of its net working capital to fund the rapid volume increase in VAT refunds. Very large movements in Global Blue’s net working capital position could have a significant effect on its business and financial condition, if Global Blue is

 

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unable to finance, internally or externally, the net working capital needs due to the timing impact of when Global Blue refunds the VAT (net of transaction fees) to the international shopper versus when it collects the VAT from the merchants and tax authorities.

A decrease in VAT rates or changes in VAT or VAT refund policies in countries in which Global Blue operates could negatively affect Global Blue’s business.

Any reduction in VAT rates or adverse changes to VAT policies in Global Blue’s current or potential new markets could have a negative impact on Global Blue’s business and results of operations. For example, effective June 1, 2018, the Malaysian government abolished its GST, which was equivalent to VAT for the supply of goods and services, and, consequently, ended its GST refund scheme. Due to this change, Global Blue ceased Global Blue’s TFS business in Malaysia. Similarly, in September 2020, the British government announced its intention to end the VAT Retail Export Scheme, beginning January 1, 2021. If such intention becomes law, overseas visitors to the United Kingdom will no longer be able to obtain a VAT refund on items they buy in the UK and take home with them in their luggage. Measured by destination country of international shoppers who were using Global Blue’s TFS business during the financial year ended March 31, 2020, the United Kingdom represented 12% of Global Blue’s total revenue. Legal and regulatory changes may also restrict Global Blue’s activities, including through nationalization of the VAT refund scheme or by eliminating the availability of VAT refund schemes altogether, limiting the number of TFS providers within those jurisdictions or restricting Global Blue’s ability to process TFS claims on behalf of international shoppers. Changes in laws and regulations may also place restrictions on Global Blue’s business model, for example by limiting transaction fees that Global Blue charges to international shoppers using Global Blue’s TFS business. Such changes, which are unpredictable and outside of Global Blue’s control, may cause Global Blue to incur higher compliance costs. While VAT rates have historically been increased and many countries have adopted VAT policies in recent years, any such changes to VAT rates or VAT policies could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Certain countries impose restrictions on the transactions and goods that are eligible for VAT refunds, such as MPA or a list of items that are eligible for VAT refunds. An increase in the MPA or a reduction in the list of eligible items would lead to a reduction in the number of transactions that are eligible for VAT refunds. Global Blue believes that in the event there is such a shift in any of the countries in which Global Blue operates, it would have a negative impact on Global Blue’s results of operations.

Changes in the regulatory environment, licensing requirements and government agreements could adversely affect Global Blue’s business.

Global Blue’s operations are subject to risks associated with the prevailing local political climate, particularly where governmental decisions have an impact on Global Blue’s business. For example, the Chinese government is seeking to repatriate luxury spend, which, if successful, could negatively impact Global Blue’s business by slowing growth in Chinese international spending on luxury goods. Such risks could also include, among others, increased restrictions on the use of currency abroad, restrictions on transfers of funds, increased enforcement of import duties and restrictions on goods declared at customs, complexity of domestic and international customs and tariffs, as well as transparency of transactions.

Global Blue’s business is also subject to varying levels of supervision and regulation in the territories in which Global Blue’s services are offered. For instance, certain of Global Blue’s operations rely on local licenses, authorizations and government agreements and any adverse changes to such licensing or authorization requirements or government agreements may result in a loss of, or adverse changes to, such operations. Global Blue currently holds licenses or government agreements to operate TFS services in Argentina, the Bahamas, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Iceland, Latvia, Lebanon, Morocco, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Turkey and Uruguay. Global Blue has also been granted a European Payment Institution License by the Bank of Italy, which has been passported across the EU. In addition, changes to the standards established by payment card industry

 

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bodies (specifically, the PCI DSS) could entail specific technical requirements and a certification process which could require significant costs to ensure compliance. Failure to obtain or maintain a license, be awarded a government tender in a particular location or comply with industry body standards, could preclude Global Blue from offering its TFS and/or AVPS businesses in that location or subject Global Blue to fines and penalties under local laws.

Global Blue’s costs of compliance would also increase if countries were to adopt legislation requiring Global Blue to obtain licenses or government contracts to conduct TFS services, or if more of the countries in which Global Blue operates were to treat Global Blue’s DCC services as a regulated business and require a license to offer currency conversion. Global Blue has various ongoing compliance and reporting obligations to the Bank of Italy which Global Blue must comply with in order to maintain the European Payment Institution License. Any material increase in the costs associated with obtaining and maintaining licenses or government contracts, or penalties for failure to comply, as a result of a change in law or otherwise, could force Global Blue to leave the relevant jurisdiction or lead to the payment of fines, which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue must continually adapt and enhance its existing technology offerings and ensure continued resilience and uptime of its underlying technology platform to remain competitive in its industry.

The TFS segment of the global personal luxury market is subject to ongoing and rapid technological changes in response to the expectations of all stakeholders within the TFS ecosystem. Merchants are increasingly expecting more insight into international shopper trends from TFS solutions, and deeper integrations between TFS solutions and their payment solutions and IT infrastructure. International shoppers are increasingly expecting greater convenience and personalization in the form of more country-specific refund methods and more immediate refund methods. Customs and authorities expect smoother export validation processes, as well as increased security and compliance.

In order for Global Blue’s business to remain competitive and grow in this rapidly evolving market, Global Blue must continually adapt and enhance its existing technology offerings, as well as develop new products to meet the particular needs of each market and each stakeholder in the TFS ecosystem. To do this, Global Blue needs to anticipate demand in a wide variety of markets and industries and devote appropriate resources, including Global Blue’s resource and development budget, to meeting the expectations of merchants, international shoppers, customs and tax authorities, financial institutions that process credit or debit card payments on behalf of Acquirers and card schemes. If Global Blue is unable to develop technologies that align with stakeholder expectations, Global Blue may lose market share. Any failure to remain innovative or to introduce new or upgraded technologies that are responsive to changing merchant, international shopper or government requirements may have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s competiveness and could cause Global Blue to lose its market position in core markets.

In addition, efforts to enhance and improve existing products and technologies, as well as develop new ones, involve inherent risks, and Global Blue may not be able to manage these developments and enhancements successfully. Global Blue may also fail to accurately foresee the direction of the TFS and DCC industries, which could lead Global Blue to make investments in technologies and products that do not gain market acceptance and generate insufficient returns.

Any failure to deliver an effective and secure service, or any performance issue that arises with a new or innovative product or service, could result in significant processing errors or other losses. Because of these factors, Global Blue’s development efforts could result in increased costs that could reduce profitability, in addition to a loss of revenue if new products are not delivered in a timely manner or do not perform as indicated. Furthermore, any performance errors in Global Blue’s front-end solutions could result in reputational harm.

Global Blue’s in-house technology platform enables payment processing through three mobile wallets and 10 credit card integrations, transaction processing through 40 PSPs and 200 POS providers and validation

 

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through 18 integrations with customs validation export software platforms. The number of existing integrations is also expected to increase as countries move toward digital export validation. As a result, it is critical for Global Blue’s technology solutions to remain operational at all times to service its counterparties. Any failure to deliver an effective and secure service, any performance issue or any downtime could deteriorate Global Blue’s relationships with merchants and customs and tax authorities and could lead to reputational damage that has a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue operates in a competitive market and Global Blue may lose merchant accounts to Global Blue’s competitors.

Global Blue’s business operates in a competitive market. Global Blue’s TFS business competes primarily with other TFS providers, such as Planet and Global Tax-Free, and also competes with a limited number of merchants that provide TFS services in-house and governments that insource the TFS process. The number of Global Blue competitors in the TFS segment and the extent of their operations have been increasing in recent years, including a number of mobile app-based providers (i.e., technology start-ups) looking to disrupt the TFS segment, and Global Blue expects them to continue to try to expand their operations. Global Blue’s AVPS business, on the other hand, competes with a wide variety of businesses of varying sizes, including online competitors providing omnichannel payment and currency conversion services to businesses and directly to individuals, often at better rates of exchange.

Actions taken by Global Blue’s competitors, as well as actions taken by Global Blue to maintain its competitiveness, have placed and will continue to place pressure on Global Blue’s pricing, margins and profitability, as well as the availability and attractiveness of key contracts. In particular, certain competitors of Global Blue’s TFS business may offer a higher revenue share to merchants, which may be attractive to some merchants. This may require Global Blue to adjust its percentage of revenue sharing with the merchant or lose merchant relationships. Global Blue’s agreements with merchants do not contain exclusivity clauses, which makes it easier for competitors to establish relationships with the merchants that are part of Global Blue’s network. Global Blue’s agreements with merchants are also generally short- to medium-term contracts, generally lasting three years on average. Upon scheduled renewal of a contract or during the term of a contract, Global Blue may face pressure regarding pricing or other contractual terms, making it more difficult to retain its merchants on favorable terms, or Global Blue may be unable to renew contracts with merchants on satisfactory terms. If Global Blue loses existing merchant relationships or a sufficient number of key merchant partners, or if the Company is unable to renew existing contracts upon expiry at attractive terms or at all, this could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue’s business may be adversely affected by disintermediation of TFS processes.

Disintermediation may happen if certain governments or merchants insource the TFS process partially or entirely. Alternatively, disintermediation of the TFS process could occur if governments amend their VAT regulations to no longer require the merchant to issue tax-free forms and/or determine the eligibility of international shoppers for VAT refunds. For example, some jurisdictions have regulations that could provide the opportunity for “business to consumer” players to establish business models that increase the risk of disintermediation. This and other types of disintermediation may have a negative impact on Global Blue’s TFS business, as its business model is reliant upon its merchant partners.

Conversely, certain countries have outsourced the export validation process. Since export validation is typically a free service provided by customs and tax authorities, this type of outsourcing could create additional costs, which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Price harmonization or convergence between destination markets and home markets may adversely affect Global Blue’s business.

The level of spend while shopping abroad, and the willingness of international shoppers to spend abroad, are impacted by the price differential. In particular, the price differential of luxury goods is a significant factor influencing an international shopper’s purchasing decision. If the price differential between various markets is reduced, resulting in price harmonization across destination markets (such as Europe) and home markets (such as APAC) due to changes in retail pricing policies, additional online purchasing options and access, macroeconomic factors (such as relative foreign exchange rates) or government policies (such as a reduction in import duties or consumption taxes), this could lead to a decrease in the number or size of TFS transactions, which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue is subject to taxation in multiple jurisdictions, which is complex and often requires making subjective determinations subject to scrutiny by, and disagreements with, tax regulators.

Global Blue is subject to many different forms of taxation in each of Global Blue’s countries of operation including, but not limited to, income tax, withholding tax, property tax, VAT, transfer pricing rules, commodity tax and social security and other payroll-related taxes. Tax law and administration is complex, subject to change and varying interpretations and often requires Global Blue to make subjective determinations. In addition, Global Blue takes positions in the course of its business with respect to various tax matters, including in connection with its operations. Tax authorities around the world are increasingly rigorous in their scrutiny of corporate tax structures and TFS transactions and may not agree with the determinations that are made, or the positions taken, by Global Blue or its commercial partners with respect to the application of tax law, including in relation to issuing tax-free forms and the VAT refunding process. Such disagreements could result in lengthy legal disputes, an increased overall tax rate applicable to Global Blue and, ultimately, in the payment of substantial amounts of tax, interest and penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue is currently subject to a tax audit in France for the financial years ended March 31, 2014 through 2016 relating to certain information missing on tax-free forms, which is mandatory according to VAT refund regulations in France, as well as Global Blue’s VAT refund business, operating transfer pricing policy, IT systems, and interest rates on cash pool balances. In this regard, an accrued liability was booked in the amount of €10.0 million as of March 31, 2018. This accrued liability was reduced to €6.4 million as of March 31, 2019 due to a payment of €1.8 million to the French tax authorities and due to a change in management’s estimate of Global Blue’s exposure. As of March 31, 2020, this accrued liability was unchanged. Additionally, Global Blue is currently subject to a tax audit in Italy relating to transfer pricing in respect of its tax model and certain intercompany charges, as well as withholding tax in respect of such intercompany charges. An income tax payable was booked in the amount of €13.6 million as of March 31, 2020. Finally, there is a risk that tax authorities in Germany challenge the effectiveness of the profit and loss pooling arrangement entered between Global Blue New Holdings Germany GmbH and Global Blue Deutschland GmbH. Based on the opinion of Global Blue’s advisers, Global Blue has therefore recognized an uncertain tax position of €3.8 million for the financial year ended March 31, 2020. See “Other Information About Global Blue—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings, Investigations and Tax Audits” for more information regarding these tax audits. Additional tax expenses could accrue in relation to previous or subsequent tax assessment periods, which are still subject to a pending tax audit or have not been subject to a tax audit yet, or other countries could open tax audits against Global Blue. Tax authorities in other countries could revise original tax assessments and substantially increase the tax burden (including interest and penalty payments) of the relevant entities. The realization of any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Adverse competition law rulings could restrict Global Blue’s ability to expand or to operate its business as it wishes and could expose Global Blue to fines or other penalties.

Global Blue is a leading global provider of TFS services. Under EU competition laws and the competition laws in other jurisdictions (to the extent such laws exist), Global Blue runs the risk of being investigated for anti- competitive practices and/or deemed a dominant undertaking in certain markets and, therefore, theoretically capable of abusing a dominant position. Accordingly, there is a possibility of future litigation and/or investigations by competition authorities into Global Blue’s behavior in any market, including where it could be considered to hold a dominant position. Private litigants may also seek damages for certain breaches of competition law through civil courts, as provided by EU competition laws and the laws of other jurisdictions. Were any finding or rulings to be made against Global Blue, Global Blue could be required to pay damages and fines, which could be substantial, and/or Global Blue could be required to alter any behavior determined to be abusive or anti-competitive, both of which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

The integrity, reliability and efficiency of Global Blue’s internal controls and procedures may not be guaranteed.

Global Blue’s business relies on internal controls and procedures that govern regulatory compliance, customer and management information, finance, credit exposure, foreign exchange risk and other aspects of its business. With the increasing focus by regulators, the press and Global Blue’s commercial partners on compliance issues, Global Blue’s internal controls and procedures are becoming more important. In particular, compliance with TFS regulation requires that Global Blue’s management and employees are aware of applicable rules and regulations, and that they properly understand and implement them with respect to the issuing, export validating and refunding of TFS transactions. If Global Blue does not inform, train and manage its employees properly, Global Blue may fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, which could lead to adverse regulatory action. Moreover, the process by or speed with which Global Blue’s internal controls and procedures are implemented or adapted to changing regulatory or commercial requirements may be inadequate to ensure full and immediate compliance, leaving Global Blue vulnerable to inconsistencies and failures that may have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition. Training employees and investing in compliance systems to remain in compliance with applicable laws and regulations also impose additional costs for the operation of Global Blue’s business. Global Blue has identified certain material weaknesses in its internal control related to errors identified in the March 31, 2020 financial statements. See “—Global Blue has identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. If Global Blue is unable to remediate these material weaknesses or otherwise fails to maintain an effective system of internal controls, Global Blue may not be able to accurately or timely report its financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect its business and the price of its securities.” Any of the foregoing could result in a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue’s TFS business is dependent on its airport concessions and agreements with agents.

As of March 31, 2020, more than 40% of Global Blue’s TFS refund points were located in airports, and Global Blue has entered into concession agreements with airport authorities for space in on-airport locations. Such agreements typically have terms of three years and do not contain exclusivity provisions. Unlike off-airport locations, where rental space is more freely available, Global Blue’s on-airport refund points cannot move to a nearby location should an airport impose less favorable terms on Global Blue during the renewal process or during the duration of a concession agreement. Any decision by airport authorities to increase rental costs or otherwise modify the economic terms of Global Blue’s concession agreements could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

In certain cases, Global Blue is required to use an agent to offer TFS services. Global Blue’s agents may attempt to modify the economic terms of Global Blue’s arrangements with them, which would have the effect of

 

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lowering Global Blue’s margins. Additional airport authorities may also require Global Blue to use agents, thereby lowering Global Blue’s profitability.

Global Blue operates in emerging markets and is exposed to risks associated with operating in such markets.

Global Blue operates in several emerging markets, such as Argentina, China, Morocco, Russia, Turkey and Uruguay, and plans to expand in additional emerging markets in the future. Certain markets in which Global Blue operates or plans to operate have lower levels of economic, political and legal stability compared to Europe. Risks associated with operating in such markets include unexpected changes in regulatory environments, uncertainty in enforcing contracts and intellectual property rights, challenges in obtaining legal redress, difficulties in collecting accounts receivables, foreign exchange controls, as well as bribery and corruption risks, which can all lead to reputational damage and impair Global Blue’s ability to win and retain contracts. In addition, as Global Blue’s relationships with governments in emerging markets are still developing, they can be more sensitive than Global Blue’s relationships with governments in developed countries. For example, the Chinese government has been sensitive to how businesses refer to Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan in light of the One-China policy and some companies have come into criticism and negative publicity due to not referring to them correctly, which has harmed their relationship with the Chinese government and other stakeholders. Should one or more of these risks materialize, there could be a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue may be adversely affected by risks associated with strategic arrangements or investments in joint ventures with third parties.

Global Blue has made and continues to make certain strategic arrangements with third parties. For example, in certain countries, such as Japan, Lebanon, Russia and Turkey, Global Blue is required, or Global Blue has determined that it is preferable, to partner with a local counterparty in order to grow its local operations. Local counterparties provide financial, business and public relations expertise and assist Global Blue in developing its merchant and government relationships. These arrangements are and may be developed pursuant to joint venture agreements over which Global Blue only has partial or joint control. The joint venture counterparties may have different business or investment strategies from Global Blue, and Global Blue may have disagreements or disputes with such parties. Global Blue’s partners may be unable, or unwilling, to fulfil their obligations under the relevant joint venture agreements and shareholder agreements, may seek to use their rights to block decisions on certain matters, such as distribution of cash, or may experience financial or other difficulties that may adversely impact Global Blue’s investment in a particular joint venture, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue’s business is subject to loss through physical disaster, data security breach, computer malfunction or sabotage.

Global Blue’s business is vulnerable to loss resulting from physical disaster, data security breaches, computer malfunction or sabotage. Most of Global Blue’s business channels rely on computerized networks and systems to process refunds, collect and store personal data relating to international shoppers and perform reconciliations, and rely to a significant degree on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of Global Blue’s various computer and communication systems, including its IT platforms. Any inadequate system design, transition to new systems or any failure of current or future systems could impair Global Blue’s ability to receive, process and reconcile transactions, manage its compliance and risk functions, and conduct other day-to-day operations of its business. In addition, the computer and communications systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from a variety of sources, including attacks by computer malware, electronic break-ins or cyber-attacks, theft or corruption of confidential data or other unanticipated problems.

Moreover, due to the increasing digitalization of Global Blue’s business model and Global Blue’s growing focus on collecting and monetizing international shopper data, Global Blue is also increasingly exposed to risks

 

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associated with the unauthorized use, disclosure, destruction and alteration of personal data. Any significant cyber-attack, unauthorized disclosure of data or any other disruption of Global Blue’s computer or communication systems could significantly affect its ability to manage its information technology systems or lead to recovery costs, damage to its reputation, litigation brought by international shoppers or business partners or a diminished ability to operate the business. In addition, due to the high level of data traffic that Global Blue processes, any disruption in Global Blue’s computerized systems or technological process could in turn have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue’s AVPS business relies on relationships with Acquirers and on the involvement of card schemes.

Global Blue’s AVPS business relies on relationships with Acquirers, which are financial institutions that process credit or debit card payments on behalf of a merchant, and growth in Global Blue’s AVPS business is derived primarily from establishing new relationships with Acquirers. Global Blue may experience attrition and a consequent decline in the volume of currency conversion transactions it processes as a result of several factors, including transfers of their accounts to Global Blue’s competitors, unsuccessful contract renewal negotiation and account closures. The loss of existing relationships, or a sufficient number of key Acquirers could negatively impact Global Blue’s business. Acquirers involved in Global Blue’s AVPS business may also take advantage of increasing levels of competition to raise their percentage of revenue sharing, thereby reducing Global Blue’s profitability.

Global Blue’s AVPS business also depends on the involvement of card schemes, such as Visa or MasterCard, which act as intermediaries between Acquirers. If there is an increase in the prevalence of foreign exchange cards, which aim to provide currency conversion services at better foreign exchange rates or with lower fees than traditional cards, the number of travelers using Global Blue’s AVPS business could decrease. In addition, the relationship with providers of card schemes is similarly important and any deterioration or termination of such relationships could negatively impact Global Blue’s AVPS business. For example, if card schemes, such as Visa or MasterCard, decided to cease allowing Global Blue’s DCC services, the results of Global Blue’s AVPS business would be adversely affected. An increase in fees charged by card schemes in connection with currency conversion transactions may reduce Global Blue’s margins or compromise Global Blue’s AVPS business model.

In addition, each card scheme may alter rules or policies in a manner that may be detrimental to participants, including Acquirers and issuers that must comply with scheme rules as well as terminal suppliers, e-commerce merchants and PSPs that must comply with terminal, transaction and card data storage security rules. Moreover, as card schemes become more dependent on proprietary technology and seek to provide value-added services to issuers and merchants, there is heightened risk that rules and standards may be governed by the self-interest of the schemes, or of those with influence over the schemes. Changes in the business models or strategies of card scheme operators, including any resulting changes to their respective card scheme rules, could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s ability to compete and on Global Blue’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Global Blue’s AVPS business may be subject to reputational risks in the event of adverse publicity relating to certain products that Global Blue offers, such as DCC. Further, there is a risk that international shoppers no longer utilize Global Blue’s DCC offerings, which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Global Blue is subject to counterparty risk and credit risk.

Global Blue is subject to potential credit risk from merchants and customs and tax authorities. For each TFS transaction, Global Blue is required to remit funds to international shoppers in advance of receipt of funds from merchants or customs and tax authorities. Although Global Blue has in place reserves that it can draw upon to cover any delays in payment, Global Blue’s reserves would be insufficient to fund all of Global Blue’s debts and

 

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liabilities. If merchants or customs and authorities were to fail or refuse to pay Global Blue on a widespread and systemic basis over an extended period of time, due to insolvency, bankruptcy, cash management or store closures (including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic) or, in the case of customs and authorities, political motives, Global Blue could default on its debts and liabilities, resulting in financial, reputational or customer loss. While the revenue share with merchants is only paid after Global Blue receives the full VAT payment and the net exposure is consequently lower, any occurrence of payment default or delay could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue is subject to losses from fraud, theft and employee error.

Global Blue’s business is vulnerable to loss resulting from fraud, theft and employee error. In particular, Global Blue is vulnerable to loss from fraud if counterfeit tax forms are presented to Global Blue for refund. Third parties may also collect Global Blue’s tax-free forms on behalf of international shoppers and obtain VAT refunds unlawfully.

Additionally, since Global Blue maintains, transports and processes large amounts of currency around the world, Global Blue is vulnerable to losses from theft or fraudulent acts perpetrated by employees or unauthorized individuals who obtain access to Global Blue’s premises or systems. Material occurrences of fraud and theft could damage Global Blue’s reputation or lead to a loss of cash or temporary disruptions to Global Blue’s business. Moreover, the failure to control or reduce fraud or theft in a cost-effective manner could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue may not be able to attract, integrate, manage and retain qualified personnel or key employees.

Global Blue’s success is dependent on the skills, experience and efforts of Global Blue’s senior management and key personnel. In particular, Global Blue depends on certain sales and marketing staff who have established strong relationships with merchants. The loss of services of key members of Global Blue’s sales and marketing team, particularly to a competitor, could lead to a loss of merchant accounts and, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The success of Global Blue’s business also depends on Global Blue’s ability to adapt to rapidly changing technological, social, economic and regulatory developments. This necessitates a range of specialist personnel, particularly in the areas of software development, technical support, finance and control, administration and operations, and requires Global Blue to retain, recruit and develop the necessary personnel who can provide the needed expertise across the entire spectrum of Global Blue’s business and operations. The market for qualified personnel is competitive and Global Blue may not succeed in recruiting additional personnel in line with the growth of Global Blue’s business, or Global Blue may fail to effectively replace current personnel who depart with qualified or effective successors. Global Blue’s efforts to retain and develop personnel may also result in significant additional expenses, which could adversely affect Global Blue’s profitability.

Global Blue is subject to complex and stringent data protection and privacy laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which Global Blue operates.

Global Blue processes significant amounts of personal and financial information on a daily basis, including names, addresses, credit card details and passport numbers. For this reason, Global Blue is subject to data protection legislation that seeks to protect the processing of personal data and imposes restrictions on the collection, use and other forms of processing of personal data. Data protection and privacy laws and regulations are complex and any significant change in the regulatory environment relating to the protection of personal data may also impact Global Blue’s use of international shopper data in Global Blue’s TFS-related and intelligence offerings. Changes to data protection laws and other significant regulatory changes affecting Global Blue’s business activities may also cause Global Blue to revise its strategy or adopt new technologies and procedures.

 

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A breach of data protection laws and regulations could result in substantial fines and/or other sanctions, including criminal sanctions, being levied against Global Blue. If Global Blue were to experience a data breach and be fined, then this could potentially represent a significant cost for Global Blue. Additionally, any breach of data protection could result in proceedings against Global Blue, including class action privacy litigation in certain jurisdictions. Finally, should Global Blue be found to be in breach of applicable data protection and privacy laws and regulation, it could face material damage to its brand and the potential loss of customer trust and confidence, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial position.

Global Blue’s business is subject to anti-money laundering, sanctions and anti-bribery regulations and related compliance costs and third-party risks.

Global Blue’s business is subject to anti-money laundering and anti-bribery laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which Global Blue operates. In addition, Global Blue is subject to laws and regulations that prohibit Global Blue from transmitting money to specified countries or to or on behalf of prohibited individuals, in particular, the laws and regulations of the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) of the Department of the Treasury in the United States, the United States’ Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs in the United Kingdom and regulations enacted by the EU’s Common Foreign & Security Policy and the United Nations Security Council.

Equivalent or similar legislation exists in other countries where Global Blue conducts business. Fines and penalties, which may include the shutting down of operations or central banks limiting Global Blue’s ability to source currency, could be imposed in the various countries in which Global Blue operates, and more stringent sanctions, anti-bribery or AML legislation, including “know your customer” requirements, could impose considerable obligations on Global Blue, create increased reporting obligations and trigger the need for increased resources devoted to AML or other compliance functions. Global Blue’s internal policies mandate compliance with AML, sanctions and anti-bribery laws, but Global Blue’s compliance policies and training efforts may not always prevent bad acts or errors committed by Global Blue’s employees or joint venture partners and their employees. For example, if one of Global Blue’s joint venture partners or employees were to bribe a government official in connection with any government award of a TFS license or agreement, Global Blue would be in violation of anti-bribery regulations. Additionally, there is a risk that Global Blue could violate AML regulations by allowing fraudulent VAT refunds to be claimed by not sufficiently checking that the tax-free form was properly issued or validated or not sufficiently checking that the merchant was a genuinely established enterprise. Any failure, or suspected failure, by Global Blue to comply with its obligations relating to AML, sanctions or anti-bribery, could not only have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition, but could also have a material adverse effect on its reputation and goodwill.

Global Blue is subject to risks relating to intellectual property.

Global Blue’s success depends to a significant degree upon its ability to protect and preserve the proprietary aspects of its services and processes. In certain jurisdictions, such as in APAC, where Global Blue has deployed some of its most advanced digital TFS solutions, Global Blue relies on patent laws in order to protect its intellectual property.

Global Blue may not be successful in the implementation of its patent registration strategies. Global Blue may be unable to secure patents in a timely manner or at all, which could limit its ability to protect the relevant intellectual property rights from competitors. Global Blue’s competitors may also secure patents covering Global Blue’s services and processes, thereby exposing Global Blue to infringement liability or preventing Global Blue from fully executing its business model in the relevant jurisdiction. As a result, Global Blue may find that it is unable to continue to offer the best products to international shoppers, or that it is unable to offer products and services upon which its business depends.

Moreover, third parties may in the future assert claims that Global Blue’s systems or products infringe their proprietary rights. Such infringement claims may cause Global Blue to incur significant costs in defending those

 

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claims. As a result of any of these claims, Global Blue may be required to discontinue using any infringing technology and providing any related services, to expend resources to develop non-infringing technology or to purchase licenses or pay royalties for other technology. Should any of these risks materialize, they could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Litigation or investigations involving Global Blue could result in material settlements, fines or penalties.

From time to time, Global Blue is the subject of litigation or investigations related to its business, which may result in fines, penalties, judgments, settlements and litigation expenses. Regulatory and judicial proceedings and potentially adverse developments in connection with ongoing litigation may adversely affect the licenses Global Blue holds as well as Global Blue’s business, financial condition and results of operations. There may also be adverse publicity associated with lawsuits and investigations that could decrease international shoppers’ acceptance of Global Blue’s services. Plaintiffs or regulatory agencies in these lawsuits, actions or investigations may seek recovery of very large or indeterminate amounts, and the magnitude of these actions may remain unknown for substantial periods of time. The cost to defend or settle future lawsuits or investigations may be significant and such costs, or the outcome of such lawsuits or investigations, could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to Financial Matters and Global Blue’s Capital and Corporate Structure

Failure to comply with the covenants or other obligations contained in the Facilities Agreement could result in an event of default, and any failure to repay or refinance the outstanding debt under the Facilities Agreement when due could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue.

Global Blue has incurred substantial indebtedness. As of March 31, 2020, Adjusted Net Debt amounted to €445.6 million. If there were an event of default under the Facilities Agreement that is not cured or waived in accordance with the terms of the Facilities Agreement, the lenders under the Facilities Agreement could terminate their commitments to lend and cause all amounts outstanding with respect to the loans granted under the Facilities Agreement to become due and payable immediately and/or exercise their rights and remedies under the security documents. Global Blue’s assets and cash flow may not be sufficient to fully repay Global Blue’s outstanding debt under the Facilities Agreement when due, whether upon an acceleration of the loans granted under the Facilities Agreement or on the maturity date of any of the loans granted. Certain assets including the shares and material bank accounts of certain of Global Blue’s material subsidiaries serve as security to secure the obligations under the Facilities Agreement and, upon an acceleration of the Facilities Agreement, the secured parties may enforce such security and exercise rights and remedies under such security documents including to sell, appropriate or otherwise dispose of such assets in order to generate proceeds to repay any outstanding indebtedness under the Facilities Agreement. Upon an acceleration of the Facilities Agreement or upon the final maturity date of any of the Facilities Agreement, there can be no assurance that Global Blue will be able to refinance the Facilities Agreement or that Global Blue’s assets, including those that serve as security for outstanding indebtedness, would be sufficient to repay that indebtedness in full and allow Global Blue to continue to make the other payments that Global Blue is obliged to make, which would impair Global Blue’s ability to run Global Blue’s business, could result in insolvency proceedings or reorganization and could result in investors losing all or a significant portion of their investment. In addition, a default under the Facilities Agreement could result in a default under Global Blue’s other financing arrangements and could cause or permit lenders under those other financing arrangements to accelerate such financing arrangements, causing the amounts owed under those arrangements to become immediately due and payable, which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition. For more information regarding the Facilities Agreement, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Banking Facilities and Loans—Facilities.”

 

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Global Blue relies on its operating subsidiaries to provide it with funds necessary to meet Global Blue’s financial obligations and Global Blue’s ability to pay dividends may be constrained.

Global Blue operates through a holding structure. Global Blue is a holding company with no material, direct business operations. Global Blue’s only assets are its direct and indirect equity interests in its operating subsidiaries. As a result, Global Blue is dependent on loans, dividends and other payments from these subsidiaries to generate the funds necessary to meet its financial obligations, including the payment of dividends. The ability of Global Blue’s subsidiaries to make such distributions and other payments depends on their earnings and may be subject to contractual or statutory limitations, such as limitations imposed by Global Blue’s financing facilities to which Global Blue’s subsidiaries are guarantors or the legal requirement of having distributable profit or distributable reserves. See “Dividend Policy.” As an equity investor in Global Blue’s subsidiaries, Global Blue’s right to receive assets upon a subsidiary’s liquidation or reorganization will be effectively subordinated to the claims of such subsidiary’s creditors. To the extent that Global Blue is recognized as a creditor of a subsidiary, its claims may still be subordinated to any security interest in or other lien on such subsidiary’s assets and to any of its debt or other obligations that are senior to Global Blue’s claims.

The actual payment of future dividends on our ordinary shares and the amounts thereof depend on a number of factors, including, among others, the amount of distributable profits and reserves, including capital contribution reserves (which can be reduced by losses in a current year or carried forward from previous years), the Company’s capital expenditure and investment plans, revenue, profits, financial condition, the Company’s level of profitability, Leverage Ratio (as defined under “Selected Consolidated Historical and Other Financial Information—Other Financial Data of Global Blue”), applicable restrictions on the payment of dividends under applicable laws, compliance with credit covenants, general economic and market conditions, future prospects and such other factors as the Board of Directors may deem relevant from time to time. There can be no assurance that the abovementioned factors will facilitate or allow adherence to the Company’s dividend policy. the Company’s ability to pay dividends may be impaired if any of the risks described under “Risk Factors” were to occur. As a result, the Company’s ability to pay dividends in the future may be limited and the Company’s dividend policy may change. The Board of Directors will revisit the Company’s dividend policy from time to time.

Global Blue’s indebtedness imposes restrictions on Global Blue’s business and a significant increase in Global Blue’s indebtedness could result in changes to the terms on which credit is extended to it.

The Facilities Agreement contains covenants and undertakings. These undertakings restrict or limit, among others, Global Blue’s ability to incur additional indebtedness, Global Blue’s ability to create security, Global Blue’s ability to dispose of assets and Global Blue’s ability to merge or consolidate with other entities (in each case subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications). If Global Blue breaches any of the covenants with respect to the Facilities Agreement and Global Blue is unable to cure the breach within any applicable grace period specified in the Facilities Agreement (to the extent the breach is capable of being cured) or to obtain a waiver from the relevant lenders, Global Blue would be in default under the terms of the relevant Facilities Agreement. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness.”

Since a portion of Global Blue’s cash flow from operations is dedicated to the payment of interest on Global Blue’s indebtedness, these payments reduce the amount of cash Global Blue has available for other purposes, including Global Blue’s working capital needs, capital expenditure, the exploitation of business opportunities and organic growth, future acquisitions and other general corporate needs, as well as dividends. Furthermore, a significant increase in Global Blue’s indebtedness could result in changes to the terms on which banks and other parties are willing to extend credit to it. Any of these events, if they occur, could increase Global Blue’s costs of financing or cause Global Blue to make early repayment on some or all of Global Blue’s indebtedness, either of which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Global Blue’s inability to generate sufficient cash flow could affect its ability to execute its strategic plans.

Organic growth opportunities are an important element of Global Blue’s strategy. See “Business—Global Blue’s Strategy.” Global Blue may not generate sufficient cash flow to finance such growth plans. Consequently, the execution of Global Blue’s growth strategy may require access to external sources of capital, which may not be available to Global Blue on acceptable terms, or at all. Limitations on Global Blue’s access to capital, including on Global Blue’s ability to issue additional debt or equity, could result from events or causes beyond Global Blue’s control, and could include, among others, decreases in Global Blue’s creditworthiness or profitability, significant increases in interest rates, increases in the risk premium generally required by investors, decreases in the availability of credit or the tightening of terms required by lenders. Any limitations on Global Blue’s ability to secure external capital, continue Global Blue’s existing finance arrangements or refinance existing financing obligations could limit Global Blue’s liquidity, Global Blue’s financial flexibility or Global Blue’s cash flow and affect Global Blue’s ability to execute Global Blue’s strategic plans, which could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Global Blue is exposed to interest rate risks.

Part of Global Blue’s existing and future debt and borrowings carry, or may carry, floating interest rates, including floating interest rates linked to EURIBOR or similar “benchmark” interest rates. As of March 31, 2020, all of Global Blue’s interest-bearing loans carried floating interest rates. As of March 31, 2020, none of these loans were covered by interest rate swaps as the floating rate was below the minimum interest rate floor of 0%, which will also apply to borrowings under the Facilities. Adverse fluctuations and increases in interest rates, to the extent that they are not hedged, could have a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s cash flow and financing costs and, consequently, on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, LIBOR and other “benchmark” interest rates are currently the subject of recent and ongoing national, international and other regulatory guidance and proposals for reform, which may cause such “benchmarks” to perform differently than in the past, or to disappear entirely, or have other consequences which cannot be predicted. Any such consequence could result in an increase of the interest payable on any of Global Blue’s debt linked to such a “benchmark.”

Global Blue is exposed to currency translation and transaction risk.

Global Blue is exposed to currency translation risk because its group consolidated reporting currency is the euro and hence fluctuations in foreign exchange rates impact the consolidation into euro of foreign currency- denominated assets, liabilities and earnings. In addition, the Company is exposed to foreign currency movements as a result of its share price being denominated in U.S. dollar versus the Company’s reporting currency in euro.

Global Blue’s main transaction risks arise from funding activities and transactions between Global Blue group entities with different functional currencies. Exposures are in the form of cash pools as well as intra-group trade payables and receivables. Global Blue’s largest exposures for the financial year ended March 31, 2020 were to the British pound, Swiss franc and Moroccan dirham. Volatility in these currencies may therefore impact Global Blue’s results of operations if not properly managed. Adverse currency movements could result in a material adverse effect on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk—Foreign Exchange Risk.”

Global Blue’s consolidated financial statements include significant intangible assets which could be impaired.

Global Blue carries significant intangible assets on its balance sheet. As of March 31, 2020, the intangible assets on Global Blue’s balance sheet totaled €631.0 million, including €409.5 million in goodwill and €28.6 million in trademarks and customer relationships relating to the 2012 GB Acquisition.

Pursuant to current accounting rules, Global Blue is required to assess goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if impairment indicators are present. Impairment indicators include, but are not

 

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limited to, significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, a significant decline in share price or market capitalization and negative industry or economic trends. If such events were to occur, the carrying amount of Global Blue’s goodwill may no longer be recoverable and Global Blue would be required to record an impairment charge. The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on Global Blue’s business was an impairment indicator that Global Blue assessed. See “—The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significantly decreased activity in the international travel and extra-regional shopping sectors and, as a result, has had a significant negative impact on Global Blue. The effects of COVID-19 are expected to continue to have a negative impact on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition until the pandemic and health concerns subside and the related preventative measures are lifted.” Global Blue assessed its goodwill for impairment as of the most recent reporting date of March 31, 2020, including analyses for the impact of COVID-19. Global Blue considered a sensitivity analysis that included a significant decline for revenue in the financial year ending March 31, 2021 (generally consistent with the recent months following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, as detailed under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCOVID-19”), and a recovery profile such that, by the financial year ending March 31, 2025, revenue still would not have fully reached the actual reported revenue for the financial year ended March 31, 2020. This implies a nominal negative compound annual revenue growth rate over this period. The downside case resulted in no impairment, though minimal headroom. Should the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Global Blue’s revenue be more severe or of longer duration than assumed in the downside sensitivity, the goodwill balance may be at risk of impairment.

Other intangible assets, such as trademarks and customer relationships, are amortized on a yearly basis. However, if impairment indicators are present, Global Blue is required to test such intangible assets for impairment.

Risks Related to the Company’s Securities

Future sales, or the perception of future sales, by us or our existing securityholders may cause the market price of our securities to drop significantly.

The sale of our securities in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, including sales by our existing securityholders and the conversion of the Global Blue Warrants or Series A Preferred Shares, could harm the prevailing market price of our securities. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate. Following the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, substantially all of the Company’s securities may be sold in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, which could have the effect of increasing the volatility in the price of the Company’s securities or putting significant downward pressure on the price of the Company’s securities. See “Securities Eligible for Future Sale.”

Global Blue Warrants will become exercisable for ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares will be convertible into ordinary shares, which would increase the number of securities eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our shareholders, and may adversely affect the market price of our ordinary shares.

Outstanding Global Blue Warrants to purchase an aggregate 30,849,974 ordinary shares of the Company will become exercisable in accordance with the terms of the Warrant Agreement. These Global Blue Warrants will become exercisable thirty (30) days after the Closing. The exercise price of these Global Blue Warrants will be $11.50 per share, subject to adjustments. In addition, a total of 23,717,989 Series A Preferred Shares are convertible into ordinary shares, under certain circumstances, on a cashless and one-for-one basis. To the extent such Global Blue Warrants are exercised or Series A Preferred Shares are converted, additional ordinary shares will be issued, which will result in dilution to the holders of ordinary shares and increase the number of securities eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our ordinary shares.

 

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In addition, the market price of our ordinary shares may also be adversely affected if investors in our ordinary shares view the Series A Preferred Shares as a more attractive means of equity participation in us than owning our ordinary shares or as a results of any hedging or arbitrage trading activity that may develop involving the Series A Preferred Shares and our ordinary shares.

Our ordinary shares rank junior to the Series A Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends and amounts payable in the event of our liquidation.

Our ordinary shares rank junior to the Series A Preferred Shares with respect to the payment of dividends and amounts payable in the event of our liquidation. This means that, unless dividends have been declared and paid, or set aside for payment, on all outstanding Series A Preferred Shares, no dividends may be declared or paid on our ordinary shares. Likewise, in the event of our liquidation, no distribution of our assets may be made to holders of our ordinary shares until we have paid to holders of the Series A Preferred Shares liquidation proceeds equal to $10.00 per share.

The trading price of the Company’s securities may be volatile.

The trading price of the Company’s securities could be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Any of the factors listed below could have a material adverse effect on the investment in the Company’s securities and the securities may trade at prices significantly below the price you paid for them. In such circumstances, the trading price of our securities may not recover and may experience a further decline.

Factors affecting the trading price of our securities may include:

 

   

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly financial results or the quarterly financial results of companies perceived to be similar to us;

 

   

changes in the market’s expectations about our operating results;

 

   

success of competitors;

 

   

lack of adjacent competitors;

 

   

our operating results failing to meet the expectation of securities analysts or investors in a particular period;

 

   

changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts concerning Global Blue or the industries in which we operate in general;

 

   

operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to us;

 

   

our ability to market new and enhanced products and services on a timely basis;

 

   

changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;

 

   

commencement of, or involvement in, litigation involving us;

 

   

changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;

 

   

the volume of our securities, including ordinary shares, Global Blue Warrants and the Series A Preferred Shares, available for public sale;

 

   

any major change in the Board of Directors or management;

 

   

sales of substantial amounts of ordinary shares, Global Blue Warrants and the Series A Preferred Shares by our directors, executive officers or significant shareholders or the perception that such sales could occur; and

 

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general economic and political conditions such as recessions, interest rates, fuel prices, international currency fluctuations and acts of war or terrorism.

Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our securities irrespective of our operating performance. The stock market in general, and the NYSE, has experienced price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the particular companies affected. The trading prices and valuations of these stocks, and of our securities, may not be predictable. A loss of investor confidence in the market for the stocks of other companies which investors perceive to be similar to us could depress the price of the Company’s securities regardless of our business, prospects, financial conditions or results of operations. A decline in the market price of our securities also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional securities and our ability to obtain additional financing in the future.

Reports published by analysts, including projections in those reports that differ from Global Blue’s actual results, could adversely affect the price and trading volume of our ordinary shares.

Global Blue currently expects that securities research analysts will establish and publish their own periodic projections for its business. These projections may vary widely and may not accurately predict the results Global Blue actually achieves. The Company’s ordinary share price may decline if actual results do not match the projections of these securities research analysts. Similarly, if one or more of the analysts who write reports downgrades the Company’s securities or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about Global Blue’s business, the Company’s ordinary share price could decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage or fails to publish reports regularly, the Company’s ordinary share price or trading volume could decline. While the Company expects research analyst coverage of the Company, if no analysts commence coverage of Global Blue, the trading price and volume for the Company’s ordinary shares could be adversely affected.

The NYSE may not continue to list the Company’s securities on its exchange, which could limit the ability of investors to make transactions in the Company’s securities and subject the Company to additional trading restrictions.

To continue listing the Company’s securities on the NYSE, Company is required to demonstrate compliance with the NYSE’s continued listing requirements.

There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to meet the NYSE’s continued listing requirement or maintain other listing standards. If our ordinary shares or Global Blue Warrants are delisted by the NYSE, and it is not possible to list the Company’s securities on another national securities exchange, Global Blue expects the Company’s securities to be quoted on an over-the-counter market. If this were to occur, the Company could face significant material adverse consequences, including:

 

   

less liquid trading market for its securities;

 

   

more limited market quotations for its securities;

 

   

determination that its ordinary shares and/or Global Blue Warrants are a “penny stock” that requires brokers to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for the Company’s securities;

 

   

more limited research coverage by stock analysts;

 

   

loss of reputation;

 

   

more difficult and more expensive equity financings in the future; and

 

   

decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional funding in the future.

 

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The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities.” If the Company’s ordinary shares remain listed on the NYSE, such shares will be covered securities. Although the states are preempted from regulating the sale of the Company’s securities, the federal statute does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. If the Company’s securities were no longer listed on the NYSE and therefore not “covered securities,” we would be subject to regulation in each state in which we offer the Company’s securities.

As a “foreign private issuer” under the rules and regulations of the SEC, the Company is permitted to, and may, file less or different information with the SEC than a company incorporated in the United States or otherwise not filing as a “foreign private issuer,” and will follow certain home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain requirements of the NYSE applicable to U.S. companies.

The Company is considered a “foreign private issuer” under the Exchange Act and is therefore exempt from certain rules under the Exchange Act, including the proxy rules, which impose certain disclosure and procedural requirements for proxy solicitations for U.S. and other issuers. Moreover, the Company is not required to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or within the same time frames as U.S. companies with securities registered under the Exchange Act. The Company currently prepares its financial statements in accordance with IFRS. The Company will not be required to file financial statements prepared in accordance with or reconciled to U.S. GAAP so long as its financial statements are prepared in accordance with IFRS. The Company is not required to comply with Regulation FD, which imposes restrictions on the selective disclosure of material information to shareholders. In addition, the Company’s officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules under the Exchange Act with respect to their purchases and sales of the Company’s securities. Accordingly, if you continue to hold the Company’s securities, you may receive less or different information about the Company than you would receive about a U.S. domestic public company.

In addition, as a “foreign private issuer” whose securities will be listed on the NYSE, the Company is permitted to follow certain home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain requirements of the NYSE. A “foreign private issuer” must disclose in its annual reports filed with the SEC each requirement of the NYSE with which it does not comply, followed by a description of its applicable home country practice. The Company currently intends to follow the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE. However, the Company cannot make any assurances that it will continue to follow such corporate governance requirements in the future, and may therefore, in the future, rely on available exemptions that would allow the Company to follow its home country practice. Unlike the requirements of the NYSE, there are currently no mandatory corporate governance requirements in Switzerland that would require the Company to: (i) have a majority of the Board of Directors be independent; (ii) establish a nominating/governance committee; or (iii) hold regular executive sessions where only independent directors may be present. Such Swiss home country practices may afford less protection to holders of the Company’s securities.

The Company could lose its status as a “foreign private issuer” under current SEC rules and regulations if more than 50% of its outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly held of record by U.S. holders and any one of the following is true: (i) the majority of its executive officers or directors are U.S. citizens or residents; (ii) more than 50% of its assets are located in the United States; or (iii) its business is administered principally in the United States. If the Company loses its status as a “foreign private issuer” in the future, it will no longer be exempt from the rules described above and, among others, will be required to file periodic reports and annual and quarterly financial statements as if it were a company incorporated in the United States. If this were to happen, the Company would likely incur substantial costs in fulfilling these additional regulatory requirements and members of the Company’s management would likely have to divert time and resources from other responsibilities to ensuring these additional regulatory requirements are fulfilled.

 

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Provisions in the Articles of Association and Swiss law may limit the availability of attractive takeover proposals.

The Company’s articles of association (the “Articles of Association”) contain provisions that may discourage unsolicited takeover proposals that shareholders of the Company may consider to be in their best interests. In particular, the Articles of Association contain a provision which requires approval by the majority of votes present at a special meeting of the Series A Preferred Shares where the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares would receive less than $10 per Series A Preferred Share in connection with a merger or public tender offer when shareholder approval is required as a condition to the offer. Other provisions in the Articles of Association and Swiss law include the requirement for the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of the represented shares and the absolute majority of the represented nominal value of the shares at a general meeting of shareholders to amend provisions therein that affect certain shareholder rights or the Company’s ability to enter into certain transactions. These provisions could limit the price investors might be willing to pay for the Company’s securities.

Global Blue has identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. If Global Blue is unable to remediate these material weaknesses or otherwise fails to maintain an effective system of internal controls, Global Blue may not be able to accurately or timely report its financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect its business and the price of its securities.

Global Blue has identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, a company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by a company’s board of directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Global Blue identified an error related to a goodwill impairment charge taken in the period ending March 31, 2020 associated with the Refund Suisse business, an acquisition completed in September 2018 for a total consideration of €7 million (of which €1.6 million was in the form of an earn-out). Refund Suisse did not meet certain financial targets which would require payments under the contingent consideration associated with the acquisition, thus resulting in no payment being required by Global Blue. As a result, Global Blue released the contingent consideration liability and recorded a gain in the income statement and impaired associated goodwill which was recorded as part of the original purchase price allocation in 2018. Given that Refund Suisse forms part of the TFSS CGU, which has significant headroom, the impairment of €1.6 million (resulting in a reduction in net profit) was incorrect and should not have been recorded. As this amount is material against certain IFRS metrics, the financial statements included within this prospectus required correction and have been restated to correct for this item. Additionally, Global Blue identified an error related to the calculation of its estimated trade receivables loss allowance in the period ending March 31, 2020, of €0.9 million. As this amount is material against certain IFRS metrics, the financial statements included within this prospectus required correction and have been restated to correct for this item.

These material weaknesses arose from a lack of effective internal controls to ensure that accounting policies were appropriately applied to the assessment of the impairment of non-financial assets and estimated trade receivables loss allowance. Specifically, despite accounting policies being in place, there were insufficient procedures and controls to ensure that the policies were appropriately implemented and that there was proper internal review. Global Blue has taken steps to remediate these material weaknesses and to enhance its overall control environment, including implementing changes in its internal control over financial reporting with regard to complex accounting matters and the assessment of the estimated trade receivables loss allowance through implementing additional review procedures with its Chief Financial Officer.

 

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These material weaknesses could result in misstatements of the aforementioned account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.

However, the implementation of the remedial measures described above and other measures Global Blue may take may not fully address these material weaknesses in Global Blue’s internal control over financial reporting, and therefore Global Blue might not be able to conclude that it has been fully remedied. If Global Blue fails to correct these material weaknesses or if Global Blue experiences additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fails to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately or timely report its financial information and such failure could result in a negative reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of its financial information, which could negatively affect the market price of its securities. Any such action could negatively affect Global Blue’s results of operations and cash flows.

If Global Blue fails to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, it may not be able to accurately report its financial results or prevent fraud, and as a result, securityholders could lose confidence in Global Blue’s financial and other public reporting, which would harm its business and the trading price of the Company’s securities.

Effective internal controls over financial reporting are necessary for Global Blue to provide reliable financial reports and, together with adequate disclosure controls and procedures, are designed to prevent fraud. Any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation could cause Global Blue to fail to meet its reporting obligations. Global Blue has identified certain material weaknesses in its internal control related to errors identified in the March 31, 2020 financial statements. See “—Global Blue has identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. If Global Blue is unable to remediate these material weaknesses or otherwise fails to maintain an effective system of internal controls, Global Blue may not be able to accurately or timely report its financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect its business and the price of its securities.” In addition, any testing by it conducted in connection with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or any subsequent testing by its independent registered public accounting firm, may reveal deficiencies in Global Blue’s internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses or that may require prospective or retroactive changes to its financial statements or identify other areas for further attention or improvement. Inferior internal controls could also subject Global Blue to regulatory scrutiny and sanctions, impair its ability to raise revenue and cause investors to lose confidence in its reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of the Company’s securities.

Global Blue will be required to disclose changes made in its internal controls and procedures and its management will be required to assess the effectiveness of these controls annually. However, for as long as the Company is an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, its independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of its internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404. An independent assessment of the effectiveness of Global Blue’s internal controls could detect problems that its management’s assessment might not. Undetected material weaknesses in Global Blue’s internal controls could lead to financial statement restatements and require it to incur the expense of remediation.

Risks Related to Global Blue as a Public Company

Fluctuations in operating results, quarter-to-quarter earnings and other factors, including incidents involving Global Blue’s customers and negative media coverage, may result in significant decreases or fluctuations in the price of Global Blue securities.

The stock markets experience volatility that is often unrelated to operating performance. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our ordinary shares and, as a result, there may be significant volatility in the market price of our ordinary shares. Separately, if the Company is unable to operate as

 

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profitably as investors expect, the market price of our ordinary shares will likely decline when it becomes apparent that the market expectations may not be realized. In addition to operating results, many economic and seasonal factors outside of the Company’s control could have an adverse effect on the price of our ordinary shares and increase fluctuations in its earnings. These factors include certain of the risks discussed in this prospectus, operating results of other companies in the same industry, changes in financial estimates or recommendations of securities analysts, speculation in the press or investment community, negative media coverage or risk of proceedings or government investigation, change in government regulation, foreign currency fluctuations and uncertainty in tax policies, the possible effects of war, terrorist and other hostilities, other factors affecting travel and traveler shopping (including pandemics), adverse weather conditions, changes in general conditions in the economy or the financial markets or other developments affecting the luxury goods retail industry.

An active market for the Company’s securities may not develop, which would adversely affect the liquidity and price of its securities.

An active trading market for the Company’s securities may never develop or, if developed, it may not be sustained. You may be unable to sell your ordinary shares, Global Blue Warrants or Series A Preferred Shares unless an active market for such security can be established and sustained.

The Company may issue additional ordinary shares or other securities without shareholder approval, which would dilute existing ownership interests and may depress the market price of its securities.

The Company may issue additional ordinary shares or other equity securities of equal or senior rank (including additional Global Blue Warrants and/or Series A Preferred Shares) in the future in connection with, among others, repayment of outstanding indebtedness or Global Blue’s equity incentive plan, without shareholder approval, in a number of circumstances.

The Company’s issuance of additional ordinary shares or other equity securities of equal or senior rank would have the following effects:

 

   

the Company’s existing securityholders’ proportionate ownership interest in the Company may decrease;

 

   

the amount of cash available per share, including for payment of dividends in the future, may decrease;

 

   

the relative voting strength of each previously outstanding ordinary share, Global Blue Warrant and/or Series A Preferred Share may be diminished; and

 

   

the market price of the Company’s securities may decline.

Silver Lake is able to exert control over Global Blue. The interests pursued by Silver Lake could differ from the interests of Global Blue’s other securityholders.

Silver Lake beneficially owns approximately 81.0% of our ordinary shares. Due to its large shareholdings, Silver Lake is able to exert control in the general meeting of Global Blue shareholders and, consequently, on matters decided by the general meeting, including the appointment of members of the Board of Directors, the payment of dividends and any proposed capital increase. The interests pursued by Silver Lake could differ from the interests of Global Blue’s other securityholders. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions” for a description of certain arrangements regarding the relationship between the Company and Silver Lake.

Global Blue is incurring higher costs as a result of being a public company.

Global Blue is incurring additional legal, accounting, insurance and other expenses, including costs associated with public company reporting requirements following completion of the Business Combination.

 

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Global Blue is incurring and will continue to incur higher costs associated with complying with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and related rules implemented by the SEC and the NYSE. The expenses incurred by public companies generally for reporting and corporate governance purposes have been increasing. Global Blue expects these laws and regulations to increase its legal and financial compliance costs after the Business Combination and to render some activities more time-consuming and costly, although Global Blue is currently unable to estimate these costs with any degree of certainty. Global Blue may need to hire more employees or engage outside consultants to comply with these requirements, which will increase its costs and expenses accordingly. These laws and regulations could make it more difficult or costly for Global Blue to obtain certain types of insurance, including director and officer liability insurance, and Global Blue may be forced to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. These laws and regulations could also make it more difficult for Global Blue to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on the Board of Directors, its committees, or as executive officers. Furthermore, if Global Blue is unable to satisfy its obligations as a public company, it could be subject to delisting of its securities, fines, sanctions and other regulatory action and potentially civil litigation.

For so long as Global Blue Currency Choice Italia S.r.l. (“GBCCI”) holds a license from the Bank of Italy, acquiring a direct or indirect substantial stake in Global Blue’s share capital may require the prior consent of, or post-closing notification to, the Bank of Italy and may be subjected to restrictions and other requirements.

The acquisition, alone or together with others, of a direct or indirect substantial stake (or voting rights) in the share capital of Global Blue, which indirectly controls GBCCI, which is an Italian payment institution supervised by the Bank of Italy, entailing the power to control or exercise a significant influence on the management of Global Blue (and, in turn, on the management of GBCCI), may be subject to the prior consent of the Bank of Italy or to prescribed post-closing notification duties of the Bank of Italy. In order to determine whether the acquisition of a substantial stake (or voting rights) in the share capital of Global Blue triggers the need to obtain the prior consent of the Bank of Italy, the relevant threshold in relation to listed entities is generally 10% of a company’s share capital (or voting rights), although a case-by-case assessment of the shareholders’ structure of Global Blue at the time of an acquisition would be required as the need to obtain prior consent from the Bank of Italy may also stem from other factors (e.g., commercial or shareholders’ agreements in place entailing or excluding the ability to influence the management of Global Blue and/or GBCCI). Non-compliance with the requirement to obtain such a prior consent, or to comply with the applicable post-closing notification duties, would violate articles 19 and 114-undecies of Legislative Decree 1 September 1993, No. 385, as amended, and may lead to administrative sanctions, including but not limited to administrative fines. In addition, failure to obtain such a consent or to comply with the prescribed post-closing notification duties may mean that the voting rights or any other rights attached to the stake (or voting rights) in the share capital of Global Blue acquired by the acquiring entity of such stake may not be exercised, and may result in the annulment of resolutions that have been passed in general meetings of GBCCI where the required majority would not have been reached without the votes attached to the shareholding held by Global Blue in GBCCI’s share capital. Furthermore, equity stakes purchased in the absence of the required prior consent of the Bank of Italy must be sold within the deadline established by the Bank of Italy. If prior consent is required, the Bank of Italy will grant the same after having verified that the applicant satisfies its requirements for reputation, professionalism and good standing, in order to ensure the sound and prudent management of GBCCI.

Securityholders have limited ability to bring an action against the Company or against its directors and officers, or to enforce a judgment against the Company or them, because the Company is incorporated in Switzerland, because the Company conducts a majority of its operations outside of the United States and because a majority of the Company’s directors and officers reside outside the United States.

The Company is incorporated in Switzerland and conducts a majority of its operations through its subsidiary, Global Blue Group AG, outside the United States. All of the Company’s assets are located outside the United States. A majority of the Company’s officers and directors reside outside the United States and a

 

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substantial portion of the assets of those persons are located outside of the United States. As a result, it could be difficult or impossible for you to bring an action against the Company or against these individuals outside of the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed under the applicable securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws outside of the United States could render you unable to enforce a judgment against the Company’s assets or the assets of the Company’s directors and officers.

In addition, the Articles of Association provide for arbitration in Zurich, Switzerland in accordance with the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce for corporate litigation between the Company and its directors and its securityholders. While arbitration clauses in Articles of Association are considered to be valid under Swiss law, it is not settled under Swiss law whether they are also valid in the context of listed companies, which uncertainty could create some delay for securityholders seeking to bring claims against Global Blue or its directors or officers. Costs in arbitration proceedings can be significantly higher than in proceedings before ordinary Swiss courts. Securityholders initiating arbitration proceedings under the arbitration provision contained in the Articles of Association will be required to make advance payments to the arbitration court in order to cover the arbitration court’s expenses and these amounts can be materially higher than in a proceeding in an ordinary Swiss court. Similarly, a securityholder will or may be required to make advance payments to cover the counsel cost of the opposing party in the event it does not prevail or only partly prevails, and such reimbursement cost can be significantly higher than in proceedings in ordinary Swiss courts. Also, the ability to obtain evidence and enforce evidence production obligations in an arbitration proceeding can be significantly less effective than in an ordinary Swiss court proceeding. Further, the enforcement of an arbitration award outside of Switzerland may be more difficult and subject to more burdensome requirements than enforcement of a verdict of a Swiss court. In addition, while such arbitration requirements for corporate litigation would not preclude a securityholder from bringing a claim against Global Blue or its directors or officers in U.S. courts under the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws, as noted above, securityholders may be unable to enforce a judgment predicated upon such civil liability provisions in Swiss courts.

As a result of all of the above, our securityholders might have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of the Board of Directors or controlling shareholders than they would as securityholders of a U.S. public company.

Certain protections of Swiss law that apply to Swiss domestic listed companies do not apply to the Company.

Due to Global Blue’s cross-border structure, certain protections of Swiss law that apply to Swiss domestic listed companies will not apply to the Company. In particular, the rules of the Swiss Financial Infrastructure Act on disclosure of shareholdings and tender offer rules, including mandatory tender offer requirements and regulations of voluntary tender offers, which typically apply in relation to Swiss companies listed in Switzerland, will not apply to the Company as it will not be listed in Switzerland.

Global Blue is an “emerging growth company” and as a result of the reduced disclosure and governance requirements applicable to emerging growth companies, our ordinary shares may be less attractive to investors.

Global Blue is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and it intends to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Global Blue cannot predict if investors will find its shares less attractive because it will rely on these exemptions, including delaying adoption of new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation. If some investors find our ordinary shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market and the price of the Company’s securities may be more volatile. Global Blue may take advantage of these reporting exemptions until it is no longer an “emerging

 

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growth company.” Global Blue will remain an “emerging growth company” until the earlier of (1) the last day of the financial year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of the FPAC IPO, (b) in which it has total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, or (c) in which it is deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our ordinary shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last day of the second financial quarter of such financial year, and (2) the date on which it has issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.

The Company may not be able to make dividend distributions or repurchase shares without subjecting shareholders to Swiss withholding tax.

The Company may not be successful in its efforts to make distributions, if any, on a withholding tax-free basis. Distributions made by the Company will generally be subject to a Swiss federal withholding tax at a rate of 35%, except if made out of confirmed capital contribution reserves. However, the Company may be unable to obtain the confirmation by the Swiss tax authorities of the capital contribution reserves in the desired amount. Furthermore, the Company may be unable to make distributions out of confirmed capital contribution reserves for other reasons, such as in case capital contribution reserves were depleted in the context of the redemption of Series A Preferred Shares or as a result of other distributions, to the extent its audited statutory financial statements show a loss carry forward which it may incur as a result of operational losses, or impairment of assets. The withholding tax must be withheld from the gross distribution and paid to the Swiss Federal Tax Administration. A U.S. holder that qualifies for benefits under the Convention between the United States and the Swiss Confederation for the Avoidance of Double Taxation with Respect to Taxes on Income (the “U.S.-Swiss Treaty”) may apply for a refund of the tax withheld in excess of the 15% treaty rate (or in excess of the 5% reduced treaty rate for qualifying corporate shareholders holding at least 10% of the voting stock of the Company, or for a full refund in the case of qualified pension funds). Payment of a capital distribution in the form of a par value reduction is not subject to Swiss withholding tax. If the Company is unable pay a dividend out of qualifying additional paid-in capital, the Company may not be able to make distributions without subjecting shareholders to Swiss withholding taxes.

Under present Swiss tax law, repurchases of shares for the purposes of capital reduction are treated as a partial liquidation subject to 35% Swiss withholding tax on the difference between the par value and the repurchase price. Accordingly, the Company may not be able to repurchase shares for the purposes of capital reduction without subjecting shareholders to Swiss withholding taxes. See “Taxation—Switzerland Taxation.”

Risks Related to the U.S. Federal Income Tax Treatment

If a U.S. person is treated as owning at least 10% of the Global Blue Stock, such person may be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences.

If a U.S. person is treated as owning (directly, indirectly or constructively) at least 10% of the value or voting power of our Global Blue Stock, such person may be treated as a “United States shareholder” with respect to each of the Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries that is a “controlled foreign corporation.” If the Global Blue group includes one or more U.S. subsidiaries, under recently-enacted rules, certain of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries could be treated as controlled foreign corporations regardless of whether the Company is treated as a “controlled foreign corporation” (although there is currently a pending legislative proposal to significantly limit the application of these rules).

A United States shareholder of a controlled foreign corporation may be required to report annually and include in its U.S. taxable income its pro rata share of the controlled foreign corporation’s “Subpart F income” and (in computing its “global intangible low-taxed income”) “tested income” and a pro rata share of the amount of U.S. property (including certain stock in U.S. corporations and certain tangible assets located in the United States) held by the controlled foreign corporation regardless of whether such controlled foreign corporation makes any distributions. Failure to comply with these reporting obligations (or related tax payment obligations)

 

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may subject such United States shareholder to significant monetary penalties and may prevent the statute of limitations with respect to such United States shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax return for the year for which reporting (or payment of tax) was due from starting. An individual that is a United States shareholder with respect to a controlled foreign corporation generally would not be allowed certain tax deductions or foreign tax credits that would be allowed to a United States shareholder that is a U.S. corporation. The Company cannot provide any assurances that it will assist holders in determining whether any of its non-U.S. subsidiaries are treated as a controlled foreign corporation or whether any holder is treated as a United States shareholder with respect to any of such controlled foreign corporations or furnish to any holder information that may be necessary to comply with reporting and tax paying obligations.

If the Company were a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, U.S. Holders of our Global Blue Stock or Global Blue Warrants could be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences.

If the Company is or becomes a “passive foreign investment company” (a “PFIC”) within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds Global Blue Stock (as such term is defined under “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to U.S. Holders”) or Global Blue Warrants, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences may apply to such U.S. Holder. The Company does not expect the Company to be a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the current taxable year or in the foreseeable future. However, PFIC status depends on the composition of a company’s income and assets and the fair market value of its assets from time to time, as well as on the application of complex statutory and regulatory rules that are subject to potentially varying or changing interpretations. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company will not be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year.

If the Company were a PFIC, a U.S. Holder of our Global Blue Stock or Global Blue Warrants may be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, such as taxation at the highest marginal ordinary income tax rates on capital gains and on certain actual or deemed distributions, interest charges on certain taxes treated as deferred, and additional reporting requirements. See “Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to U.S. Holders.”

 

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Introduction

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is being provided to aid you in your analysis of the financial aspects of the Business Combination that was consummated on August 28, 2020. The following has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of financial position as of March 31, 2020 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination as if it had been consummated as of that date. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination as if it had occurred as of April 1, 2019. This information should be read in conjunction with FPAC and Global Blue Group AG’s respective audited and unaudited financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of financial position as of March 31, 2020 has been prepared using the following:

 

   

Global Blue’s restated audited historical consolidated statement of financial position as of March 31, 2020, as included elsewhere in this prospectus; and

 

   

FPAC’s unaudited historical condensed balance sheet as of March 31, 2020, as included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020 has been prepared using the following:

 

   

Global Blue’s restated audited historical consolidated income statement for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, as included elsewhere in this prospectus;

 

   

FPAC’s unaudited historical condensed statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020, as included elsewhere in this prospectus;

 

   

FPAC’s audited historical statement of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, as included elsewhere in this prospectus; and

 

   

FPAC’s unaudited historical condensed statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019, as included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of what the Company’s actual financial position or results of operations would have been had the Business Combination been completed as of the dates indicated. In addition, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not purport to project the future financial position or operating results of the Company. The unaudited pro forma adjustments are based on information currently available. The assumptions and estimates underlying the unaudited pro forma adjustments are described in the accompanying notes. Actual results may differ materially from the assumptions used to present the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information. Management of Global Blue has made significant estimates and assumptions in the determination of the pro forma adjustments. As the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared based on these preliminary estimates, the final amounts recorded may differ materially from the information presented. As a result, this unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information should be read in conjunction with the financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Description of the Transaction

For a description of the Transaction and details of the Business Combination, see “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments—Business Combination.”

 

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Accounting Treatment

The transaction has first been accounted for as a capital reorganization whereby the Company is the successor to its predecessor Global Blue Group AG. As a result of the first step described above, the existing shareholders of Global Blue Group AG continued to retain control through their majority ownership of the Company. The capital reorganization was immediately followed by the acquisition of FPAC, which is accounted for within the scope of IFRS 2 (Share-based Payment). The shares issued by the Company are recognized at fair value and recorded as consideration for the acquisition of the public shell company, FPAC. Under this method of accounting, there is no acquisition accounting and no recognition of goodwill, as a result of FPAC not being recognized as a business as defined by IFRS 3 (Business Combination) given it consists predominantly of cash in the Trust Account. In addition, the following factors were also taken into consideration: (i) the business of Global Blue Group AG comprises the ongoing operations of the Company; (ii) Global Blue Group AG’s senior management comprise the senior management of the Company; (iii) the pre-Business Combination shareholders of Global Blue Group AG have the largest ownership of the Company and the right to appoint the highest number of members to the Board of Directors relative to other shareholders; and (iv) the headquarters of the Company is that of Global Blue Group AG.

Basis of Pro Forma Presentation

The historical financial information has been adjusted to give pro forma effect to events that are directly attributable to the Business Combination, factually supportable and, with regards to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement, are expected to have a continuing impact on the results of the Company.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only. The financial results may have been different had the companies always been combined for the historical periods presented here. You should not rely on the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as being indicative of future financial position and results that the Company will experience. Global Blue Group AG and FPAC did not have any historical relationship prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.

Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

Set forth below is the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of financial position as of March 31, 2020 and the unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, based on the historical financial statements of FPAC and Global Blue Group AG (as adjusted below).

 

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PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS OF

MARCH 31, 2020

(UNAUDITED)

(in EUR thousands unless otherwise denoted)

 

    Global Blue
Group AG
(Historical)
    FPAC
(Historical)
    IFRS
Conversion
and
Presentation
Alignment
          Pro Forma
Adjustments
          Pro Forma
Combined
 
          US GAAP           FN           FN        
          USD     EUR(1)                                

ASSETS

               

Non-Current Assets

               

Property, plant and equipment

    51,355                   51,355  

Intangible assets

    631,002                   631,002  

Deferred income tax asset

    12,349                   12,349  

Investments in associates and joint ventures

    2,895                   2,895  

Other non-current receivables

    15,170           23       (2         15,193  

Investments held in trust account

      651,907       593,235       —           (401,342     (8  
              (191,893     (10     —    

Other non-current assets

      26       23       (23     (2         —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total non-current assets

    712,771       651,932       593,258       —           (593,235       712,795  

Current Assets

               

Trade receivables

    141,306                   141,306  

Other current receivables

    33,760                   33,760  

Derivative financial instruments

    742                   742  

Income tax receivables

    1,573                   1,573  

Prepaid expenses

    7,919           119       (2         8,038  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

      131       119       (119     (2         —    

Cash and cash equivalents

    226,139       710       646       —           13,650       (7  
              191,893       (10  
              (180,543     (11  
              (51,525     (14  
              (1,895     (15  
              (5,405     (15     192,960  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total current assets

    411,439       841       766       —           (33,825       378,379  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total assets

    1,124,210       652,774       594,024       —           (627,060       1,091,174  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

 

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    Global Blue
Group AG
(Historical)
    FPAC
(Historical)
    IFRS
Conversion
and
Presentation
Alignment
          Pro Forma
Adjustments
          Pro Forma
Combined
 
          US GAAP           FN           FN        
          USD     EUR(1)                                

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

               

Shareholders’ Equity

               

Global Blue Group AG

               

Ordinary shares

    341           1       (2     (341     (6  
          0       (2     (1     (9  
              (0     (9     —    

Share premium

    391,856               (391,856     (6     —    

Accumulated losses

    (317,195         4,548       (2     317,195       (4  
              (4,548     (4     —    

Other reserves

    (11,881             11,881       (4     —    

FPAC

               

Class A common stock

      0       0       (0     (2         —    

Class B common stock

      2       1       (1     (2         —    

Additional paid-in capital

      —         —         —               —    

Retained earnings

      4,998       4,548       (4,548     (2         —    

Global Blue

               

Ordinary shares

              5       (5  
              1,266       (6  
              14       (7  
              198       (9  
              (224     (13  
              102       (12     1,361  

Share premium

              4,548       (4  
              4,886       (5  
              391,856       (6  
              (925     (6  
              13,636       (7  
              160,820       (9  
              (215,610     (13  
              142,455       (12  
              (180,543     (11     321,124  

Other reserves

              (11,881     (4     (11,881

Accumulated losses

              (317,195     (4  
              (142,557     (12  
              13,236       (14  
              (48,025     (14  
              (4,627     (14  
              (5,405     (15     (504,573

Series A preferred shares

              215,834       (13     215,834  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Equity attributable to owners of the parent

    63,121       5,000       4,550       —           (45,806       21,865  

Non-controlling interests

    8,376               —           8,376  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

    71,497       5,000       4,550       —           (45,806       30,241  

 

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    Global Blue
Group AG
(Historical)
    FPAC
(Historical)
    IFRS
Conversion
and
Presentation
Alignment
          Pro Forma
Adjustments
          Pro Forma
Combined
 
          US GAAP           FN           FN        
          USD     EUR(1)                                

Commitments and Contingencies

               

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption

      617,977       562,359       (562,359     (3     —           —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total commitments and contingencies

      617,977       562,359       (562,359       —           —    

Liabilities

               

Non-convertible equity certificates

    4,891               (4,891     (5     —    

Loans and borrowings

    624,595           562,359       (3     (401,342     (8  
              (161,017     (9  
              (624,595     (15  
              622,700       (15     622,700  

Derivative financial instruments

    —                 —           —    

Other long-term liabilities

    29,753           18,871       (2     (16,736     (14     31,888  

Deferred income tax liabilities

    34,564               —           34,564  

Post-employment benefits

    7,962               —           7,962  

Provisions for other liabilities and charges

    2,235               —           2,235  

Deferred underwriting commissions

      20,738       18,871       (18,871     (2     —           —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total non-current Liabilities

    704,000       20,738       18,871       562,359         (585,881       699,349  

Trade payables

    237,319               —           237,319  

Accounts payable

      109       99       (99     (2     —           —    

Accrued expenses

      8,485       7,721       (7,721     (2     —           —    

Other current liabilities

    45,236           —           —           45,236  

Accrued liabilities

    41,833           7,820       (2     4,627       (14     54,280  

Current income tax liabilities

    23,244           424       (2     —           23,668  

Income tax payable

      416       378       (378     (2     —           —    

Franchise tax payable

      50       46       (46     (2     —           —    

Loans and borrowings

    1,081           —           —           1,081  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

    348,713       9,059       8,244       —           4,627         361,584  

Total liabilities

    1,052,713       29,797       27,115       562,359         (581,254       1,060,933  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

    1,124,210       652,774       594,024       —           (627,060       1,091,174  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

 

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Pro Forma Adjustments to the Unaudited Condensed Combined Statement of Financial Position

The adjustments included in the unaudited condensed combined statement of financial position as of March 31, 2020 are as follows:

Reclassification / Alignment

 

(1)

The historical financial information of FPAC was prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and presented in USD. The historical financial information was translated from USD to EUR using the historical closing exchange rate, as of March 31, 2020, of $1.099 per euro.

 

(2)

Reflects the reclassification adjustments to align FPAC’s historical financial statement balances with the presentation of Global Blue Group AG’s financial statements.

 

(3)

Reflects the U.S. GAAP to IFRS conversion adjustment related to the reclassification of FPAC’s historical mezzanine equity (Class A common stock subject to possible redemption) into Non-current Liabilities (Loans and Borrowings).

Consolidation at the Company, Share Issuances and Consideration Transferred

 

(4)

Pursuant to the Business Combination, Global Blue Group AG was contributed to Global Blue. The financial statements going forward will be consolidated at the Global Blue level. As a result, the adjustments reflect the reclassification of certain equity balances: (a) reclassification of Global Blue Group AG Accumulated Losses to Global Blue Accumulated Losses, (b) reclassification of Global Blue Group AG Other Reserves to Global Blue Other Reserves and (c) FPAC Retained Earnings to Global Blue Share Premium.

 

(5)

Following the Management Roll-up, the non-convertible equity certificates were exchanged for ordinary shares, resulting in the (a) the elimination of the relevant liability and (b) the issuance of new shares, accounted for through the increase of ordinary shares (at the nominal share value of CHF 0.01 per share) and the remainder in Global Blue Share Premium.

 

(6)

In conjunction with items (4) and (5) above, this reflects the contribution of Global Blue Group AG to the Company, effected through: (a) the issuance of shares to Global Blue Group AG shareholders, post Management Roll-up and post investments by the Strategic Secondary PIPE Investor, captured in Ordinary Shares (at the nominal share value of CHF 0.01 per share), (b) the reclassification of Global Blue Group AG Share Premium into Global Blue Share Premium, and (c) the reduction in Global Blue Share Premium equal to the resulting ordinary shares (pursuant to (a)) less Global Blue Group AG Ordinary Shares.

 

(7)

Reflects the cash received through the primary issuance of 1.5 million ordinary shares to the Primary PIPE Investor pursuant to their investment for $10.00 / €9.10 per share. A corresponding increase in ordinary shares (at the nominal share value of CHF 0.01 per share) is reflected, with the remainder captured in Global Blue Share Premium.

 

(8)

This step reflects the reduction in Investments Held in Trust Account and of FPAC Class A Common Stock subject to redemption from non-current loans and borrowings, resulting from (i) the redemption of 48,708,994 FPAC Class A Common Stock at a redemption price per share, as calculated on March 31, 2020, of $10.31 / €9.38, equating to $502.0 million / €456.9 million, which was partially offset by the investment of $61.0 million / €55.5 million by the Backstop Provider for the acquisition of 6,421,052 FPAC Class A Common Stock at a price of $9.50 / €8.65 per share. The redemption price per share utilized in the above computation is derived from $651.9 million / €592.2 million in the Trust Account per the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of financial position as of March 31, 2020 divided by 63,250,000 shares of FPAC Class A Common Stock issued in the FPAC IPO.

 

(9)

Post redemption, this reflects the reclassification of remaining FPAC Class A Common Stock from non-current loans and borrowings and of FPAC Class A Common Stock into ordinary shares at the nominal share value of CHF 0.01 per share and Global Blue Share Premium.

 

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(10)

Reflects the release of cash held in the Trust Account, post Item (8), which has become available in connection with the Business Combination and, as a result, is classified as Cash and Cash Equivalents.

 

(11)

Reflects the cash consideration paid to pre-Business Combination shareholders (Seller Parties), alongside a corresponding reduction in Cash and Cash Equivalents and Global Blue Share Premium. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, this amount was contingent upon, amongst other items, the amount of funds from the Trust Account that have been used to pay redeeming FPAC stockholders. Cash consideration in this prospectus excludes the effects of the investments by the Strategic Secondary PIPE Investor, which generates an incremental $125.0 million / €113.8 million payable to the Seller Parties.

 

(12)

The Business Combination is accounted for under IFRS 2. The difference in the fair value of equity instruments held by FPAC stockholders, including the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants, over the fair value of identifiable net assets of FPAC represents a service for listing of our ordinary shares and is accounted for as a share-based payment in accordance with IFRS 2. The cost of the service, which is a non-cash expense, is preliminarily estimated to be €139 million (which also includes the estimated value of the out-of-the-money instruments: 21,083,333 Public Warrants, and 9,766,667 Private Placement Warrants based on a market price of $0.78 per warrant at Closing) and would be accounted for as an increase to Global Blue Accumulated Losses. In addition, our ordinary shares increased as a result of the shares issued to the Founder (at the nominal share value of CHF 0.01 per share), with the remainder reflected as an increase in Global Blue Share Premium, alongside a reduction in the FPAC Class B Common Stock.

 

(13)

As a result of the reduction in Trust Account, the Seller Parties have ended up with a larger number of ordinary shares, and 23,717,989 Series A Preferred Shares which may be converted into ordinary shares, under certain circumstances, on a cashless and one-for-one basis. The adjustment reflects the recognition of the Preferred Shares, with a corresponding reduction in Share Premium and Ordinary Shares. See “Description of Securities—Series A Preferred Shares.

Fees and Refinancing

 

(14)

Reflects transaction cost adjustments incurred by FPAC and Global Blue including, but not limited to, advisory fees, legal fees, FPAC’s deferred underwriters’ commissions (on a reduced basis, as detailed below), and registration fees, which are accounted (assuming that the fees have not already been accrued prior to March 31, 2020 for FPAC and March 31, 2020 for Global Blue) for either as (i) an increase of Accrued Liabilities with a corresponding reduction in Accumulated Losses, to the extent not paid upon the consummation of the Business Combination, or (ii) a reduction in Cash and Cash Equivalents and a corresponding reduction in Accumulated Losses, to the extent paid upon the consummation of the Business Combination. The parties agreed to reduce FPAC’s deferred underwriters’ commissions (relative to the balance as at March 31, 2020), which was reflected through a reduction in Accrued Liabilities and a decrease in Accumulated Losses.

 

(15)

Global Blue refinanced its historic indebtedness in connection with the Business Combination, using a drawdown from the Facilities (the “Refinancing”). The following table illustrates the impact:

 

Line Item

   Historical      Refinancing      Impact  
     (EUR thousands)  

Term Loan (Principal Value)

     630,000        630,000        —    

Capitalized Debt Issuance Cost

     (5,405      (7,300      (1,895

Loans and Borrowings

     624,595        622,700        (1,895

 

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The Refinancing results in a reduction in the Loans and Borrowings balance due to the increase in capitalized debt issuance costs and a corresponding IFRS 9 impact recognized in Global Blue Accumulated Losses. In connection with the refinancing of the existing Global Blue debt with a new third party, an IFRS 9 extinguishment expense of €5.4 million is reflected as a reduction in Cash and Cash Equivalents and a corresponding increase in Global Blue Accumulated Losses. The remaining €1.9 million pro forma adjustment relates to the difference in carrying value of the debt on the historical books as compared to the carrying value of the refinanced debt obligation and is reflected as a reduction in Cash and Cash Equivalents and a corresponding reduction in Loans and Borrowings.

 

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PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED INCOME

STATEMENT FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED

MARCH 31, 2020 (UNAUDITED)

(in EUR thousands unless otherwise denoted)

 

    Global
Blue
(Historical)
          FPAC
(Historical)
    IFRS
Conversion
and
Presentation
Alignment
          Pro Forma
Adjustments
          Pro
Forma
Combined
       
          FN     USGAAP           FN           FN           FN  
                USD     EUR(A)                                      

Total revenue

    420,400         —         —         —           —           420,400    

Operating expenses

    (379,201         —         (7,684     (B)       9,853       (C)      
                  (D)      
                —         (J)      
                —         (H)       (377,032  

General and administrative costs

    —           (8,338     (7,504     7,504       (B)       —           —      

Franchise tax expense

    —           (200     (180     180       (B)       —           —      
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

   

Operating expenses

    (379,201       (8,538     (7,683     (0       9,853         (377,032  
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

   

Operating Profit

    41,199         (8,538     (7,683     (0       9,853         43,368    

Interest and investment income

    —           13,101       11,790       (11,790     (B)       —           —      

Finance income

    5,309           —         11,790       (B)       (11,790     (C)       5,309    

Finance costs

    (37,158         —         —           10,639       (E)      
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

   
                170       (F)       (26,348  

Net finance costs

    (31,849       13,101       11,790       —           (981       (21,039  
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

   

Profit before tax

    9,350         4,563       4,107       (0       8,872         22,328    

Income tax (expense) benefit

    (7,681       (2,714     (2,443     —           (3,485     (G)       (13,609  
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

   

Profit for the year

    1,669         1,848       1,664       (0       5,387         8,719    

Profit attributable to:

                   

Owners of the parent

    (3,532       1,848       1,664       —           5,387         3,518    

Non-controlling interests

    5,201         —         —         —           —           5,201    
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

   

Profit for the year

    1,669         1,848       1,664       —           5,387         8,719    

Profit attributable to owners of the parent:

                   

Common

                    3,184    

Series A Preferred Shares

                    335    

Profit attributable to owners of the parent:

                   

Per Share:

                   

Basic attributable profit per share

    (€0.09     $ 0.02     0.02             0.02       (H)  

Basic weighted average number of shares in issue (thousands)

    40,000       (I)       79,063       79,063               173,319    

Diluted attributable profit per share

    (€0.09     $ 0.02     0.02             0.02       (H)  

Diluted weighted average number of shares in issue (thousands)

    40,000         79,063       79,063               191,543    

Per Series A Preferred Shares:

                   

Basic attributable profit per share

                  0.02       (L)  

Basic weighted average number of shares in issue (thousands)

                    18,223       (M)  

Diluted attributable profit per share

                  0.02       (H)  

Diluted weighted average number of shares in issue (thousands)

                    18,223       (M)  

 

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Pro Forma Adjustments to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Income Statement

The adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statements for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020 are as follows:

 

  (A)

The historical financial information of FPAC was prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and presented in USD. The historical financial information was translated from USD to EUR using the following average historical exchange rate of $1.111 per euro for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020.

 

  (B)

Reflects the reclassification adjustment to align FPAC’s historical statement of operations with the presentation of Global Blue’s income statement.

 

  (C)

Reflects the elimination of FPAC historical Interest and Investment Income and Franchise Tax Expense that would not have been earned or incurred, respectively, had the Business Combination been consummated on April 1, 2019.

 

  (D)

Reflects the elimination of FPAC and Global Blue historical transaction costs directly related to the Business Combination, which are non-recurring. This results in a pre-tax impact of approximately €9.7 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020.

 

  (E)

Reflects the reduction in Finance Costs as a result of the Refinancing of the Prior Facilities with the Facilities.

 

P&L Line Item

   Historical      Refinancing      Impact  
     (Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2020,
in thousands of EUR)
 

Term Loan Expense

     (22,238      (12,775      9,463  

Revolving Credit Facility Expense

     (1,008      (577      430  

Debt Issuance Cost

     (2,206      (1,460      746  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     (25,452      (14,812      10,639  

The Term Loan Facility and the Revolving Credit Facility provide for a variable interest rate, equal to EURIBOR (with a zero floor) for the period plus a margin. As a result of current negative rates, the zero floor is the binding constraint, meaning a 1/8 percent increase or decrease in EURIBOR would not impact the applicable interest rate.

In addition, concurrent with the Refinancing, Global Blue incurred debt issuance costs of €7.3 million, which are capitalized and amortized over 5 years as part of Finance Costs.

In connection with the Refinancing, a one-time IFRS 9 expense is preliminarily estimated at €5.4 million. No adjustment has been made to the unaudited pro forma income statement for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, due to the fact that the adjustment is non-recurring in nature.

 

  (F)

As a result of the conversion of non-convertible equity certificates at the consummation of the Business Combination, the associated interest expense is eliminated.

 

  (G)

Reflects the cumulative impact on Income Tax Expense from the above adjustments related to the Business Combination, based on the relevant statutory tax rates.

 

  (H)

The Business Combination is accounted for under IFRS 2, as detailed in items (12) above. The IFRS 2 expense, which is a non-cash expense, is preliminarily estimated at €139 million. No adjustment has been made to the unaudited pro forma income statement for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, due to the fact that the adjustment is non-recurring in nature.

 

  (I)

Prior to the Business Combination, 40,000,000 ordinary shares of Global Blue Group AG were outstanding. As a result of the contribution to the Company (and giving effect to the Management Roll-up, which included the conversion of non-convertible equity certificates and other items), the number of shares has increased.

 

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  (J)

The Operating Expenses include a Global Blue share-based payment expense of €3.3 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020. There are no share-based payment expenses in the FPAC historical condensed income statement. The Company will adopt a management incentive plan (“MIP”), to be administered by the Board of Directors. This will enable the Company to grant two types of awards: (a) a restricted stock award (an “RSA”) or (b) an award of share options (“Options”). Unless otherwise determined by the Company, the maximum aggregate number of Options under the MIP shall be 8,000,000 in total and the maximum aggregate value of RSAs granted under the MIP shall be €3,100,000 per fiscal year. The terms of these are subject to ongoing negotiation and are yet to be finalized and approved. Once finalized and approved, this would impact the pro forma financial information in this prospectus. However, at this time, this has not been included because the relevant contracts are still being negotiated.

 

  (K)

FPAC historically presented per share metrics for each of the FPAC Class A Common Stock and the FPAC Class B Common Stock, based on the earnings attributable to each class. For the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, the basic and diluted earnings per share of FPAC Class A Common Stock was $0.14 and the basic and diluted earnings per share of FPAC Class B Common Stock was ($0.47).

 

  (L)

For purposes of calculating attributable profit per share, the two-class method is applied. Our ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares share equally in dividends declared or accumulated, and have equal participation rights in undistributed earnings.

 

  (M)

On July 13, 2020, representatives of Globetrotter sent FPAC’s board of directors a memorandum outlining certain changes to the Transaction terms that Globetrotter and certain other shareholders of Global Blue were committed to unilaterally effectuating in connection with the Business Combination. Pursuant to the Waiver Letter, Globetrotter (on behalf of itself and the Seller Parties) provided binding commitments, including the cashless exchange of €50 million Series A Preferred Shares into ordinary shares post-Closing. As a result of this, after Closing, the Series A Preferred Shares will be reduced by 5.5 million from 23.7 million to 18.2 million and our ordinary shares will be increased by 5.5 million from 167.8 million to 173.3 million.

 

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Earnings per Share

The earnings per share amounts below represent the profit/(loss) attributable to the owners of the parent for the relevant period on a per share basis calculated using the weighted average shares in issue of the Company, including the issuance of additional ordinary shares in connection with the Business Combination, assuming our ordinary shares were outstanding since April 1, 2019. As the Business Combination, including the related proposed investments by the Primary PIPE Investor and the Strategic Secondary PIPE Investor, is being reflected as if it had occurred at the beginning of the period presented, the calculation of weighted average shares outstanding for basic and diluted profit/(loss) attributable to the owners of the parent for the relevant period on a per share basis assumes that our ordinary shares that would be outstanding, in connection with the Business Combination, have been outstanding for the entire period presented. For purposes of calculating attributable profit per share, the two-class method is applied, as the ordinary shares and the Series A Preferred Shares share equally in dividends declared or accumulated, and have equal participation rights in undistributed earnings.

 

     Pro Forma
Combined
 
(in € thousands, except share and per share information)       

Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2020

  

Profit for the year attributable to the owners of the parent (€K)

     3,518  

Profit for the year attribute to ordinary shares

     3,184  

Profit for the year attributable to Series A Preferred Shares

     335  

Ordinary Shares

  

Basic attributable profit per share (€)

   0.02  

Diluted attributable profit per share (€)

   0.02  

Series A Preferred Shares

  

Basic attributable profit per share (€)

   0.02  

Diluted attributable profit per share (€)

   0.02  

Pro forma weighted average number of shares in issue(1)(5)

  

Seller Parties(2)(3)(4)

     140,637,216  

PIPE investors / Backstop Provider(5)

     20,421,052  

Former Founder(4)

     4,436,321  

Former FPAC Stockholders

     7,824,712  
  

 

 

 

Basic pro forma weighted average number of shares in issue

     173,319,301  

Series A Preferred Shares (as converted)(2)

     18,223,484  
  

 

 

 

Diluted pro forma weighted average number of shares in issue

     191,542,785  
  

 

 

 

 

(1)

The total number of shares reflect Closing-related adjustments to the share consideration and the cash consideration under the Merger Agreement and an exchange rate of 1.1859 U.S. dollar per euro.

(2)

On July 13, 2020, representatives of Globetrotter sent FPAC’s board of directors a memorandum outlining certain changes to the Transaction terms that Globetrotter and certain other shareholders of Global Blue were committed to unilaterally effectuating in connection with the Business Combination. Pursuant to the Waiver Letter, Globetrotter (on behalf of itself and the Seller Parties) provided binding commitments, including the cashless exchange of €50 million Series A Preferred Shares into ordinary shares post-Closing. As a result of this, after Closing, the Series A Preferred Shares will be reduced by 5.5 million from 23.7 million to 18.2 million and our ordinary shares will be increased by 5.5 million from 167.8 million to 173.3 million.

(3)

Includes ordinary shares received by Globetrotter in exchange for Globetrotter’s 6,716,294 shares of the 9,487,500 shares of FPAC Class A Common Stock purchased by Globetrotter beginning on May 17, 2020, with the remainder having been sold to the investment funds managed and/or advised by Partners Group, which have invested alongside Globetrotter in Global Blue since 2012.

(4)

Pursuant to the August 15 Agreements, 6,376,179 Global Blue shares owned by the Founder were transferred, at Closing, to the Seller Parties.

 

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(5)

Pursuant to the August 15 Agreements, the Backstop Provider acquired 6,421,052 Shares of FPAC Class A Common Stock.

As a result of the FPAC share price of $10.69, at Closing, the following dilutive instruments were excluded from the diluted pro forma weighted average number of shares outstanding:

 

   

The 21,083,333 Public Warrants, issued at the time of the FPAC IPO and, as part of the Business Combination, became Global Blue Warrants, are exercisable at $11.50 / €10.47 per share;

 

   

The 9,766,667 Private Placement Warrants, issued at the time of the FPAC IPO and, as part of the Business Combination, became Global Blue Warrants, are exercisable at $11.50 / €10.47 per share; and

 

   

The 468,527 shares underlying outstanding options for ordinary shares, issued in June 2019 in connection with the existing option plan and, as part of the Business Combination, converted, at Closing based on the prevailing exchange rate, into options for ordinary shares, are exercisable at $10.59 / €9.64. These options have not vested and, as such, are not accounted for as dilutive instruments, despite being in-the-money.

The Company will adopt a MIP, to be administered by the Board of Directors. The terms of the MIP awards are subject to ongoing negotiation and are yet to be finalized and approved. Once finalized and approved, this would impact the pro forma financial information in this prospectus. However, at this time, this has not been included because the relevant contracts are still being negotiated.

Comparative Per Share Data

The following table sets forth the historical comparative share information for Global Blue and FPAC on a standalone basis and the unaudited pro forma combined share information for the twelve months ended March 31, 2020, after giving effect to the Business Combination.

The following comparative per share data is only a summary and should be read together with the historical financial information of FPAC and Global Blue as well as the financial statements of FPAC and Global Blue and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following comparative per share data is derived from, and should also be read in conjunction with, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The comparative per share data does not purport to represent the earnings per share which would have occurred had the companies been combined during the periods presented, nor earnings per share for any future date or period. The unaudited pro forma combined book value per share information below does not purport to represent what the value of FPAC or Global Blue would have been had the companies been combined during the period presented. The two-class method is applied, as our ordinary shares and Series A Preferred Shares share equally in dividends declared or accumulated, and have equal participation rights in undistributed earnings.

 

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     Historical     Pro Forma  
     Global Blue
Restated(a)
    FPAC     Combined(b)(c)  
     (in € million, except share and per share
information)
 

Weighted average number of shares in issue

      

Basic Common Class A

     40,000,000       63,250,000       173,319,301  

Diluted Common Class A

     40,000,000       63,250,000       191,542,785  

Basic Common Class B

     N/A       15,812,500       N/A  

Diluted Common Class B

     N/A       15,812,500       N/A  

Basic Series A Preferred Shares

     N/A       N/A       18,223,484  

Diluted Series A Preferred Shares

     N/A       N/A       18,223,484  

Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2020

      

Profit for the year attributable to the owners of the parent (€M)

     (3.5     1.7       3.5  

Ordinary shares

     N/A       N/A       3.2  

Series A Preferred Shares

     N/A       N/A       0.3  

Basic Class A attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     (€0.09     €0.14       €0.02  

Diluted Class A attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     (€0.09     €0.14       €0.02  

Basic Class B attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     N/A       (€0.47     N/A  

Diluted Class B attributable profit/(loss) per share (€)

     N/A       (€0.47     N/A  

Basic Series A Preferred Shares profit per share (€)

     N/A       N/A       €0.02  

Diluted Series A Preferred Shares profit per share (€)

     N/A       N/A       €0.02  

Equity attributable to owners of the parent (€M)

     63.1       4.6       21.9  

Basic Class A attributable equity per share (€)

     €1.58       €0.03       €0.13  

Diluted Class A attributable equity per share (€)

     €1.58       €0.03       €0.11  

Basic Class B attributable equity per share (€)

     N/A       €0.03       N/A  

Diluted Class B attributable equity per share (€)

     N/A       €0.03       N/A  

 

(a)

Prior to the Business Combination, 40,000,000 ordinary shares of Global Blue Group AG were outstanding. As a result of the contribution to the Company (and giving effect to the Management Roll-up, which includes the conversion of non-convertible equity certificates and other items), the number of shares increased.

(b)

On July 13, 2020, representatives of Globetrotter sent FPAC’s board of directors a memorandum outlining certain changes to the Transaction terms that Globetrotter and certain other shareholders of Global Blue were committed to unilaterally effectuating in connection with the Business Combination. Pursuant to the Waiver Letter, Globetrotter (on behalf of itself and the Seller Parties) provided binding commitments, including the cashless exchange of €50 million Series A Preferred Shares into ordinary shares post-Closing. As a result of this, after Closing, the Series A Preferred Shares will be reduced by 5.5 million from 23.7 million to 18.2 million and our ordinary shares will be increased by 5.5 million from 167.8 million to 173.3 million.

(c)

The total number of shares reflect Closing-related adjustments to the share consideration and the cash consideration under the Merger Agreement and an exchange rate of 1.1859 U.S. dollar per euro.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We will receive up to an aggregate of $112,316,670 from the exercise of the Global Blue Warrants being offered for sale in this prospectus at an exercise price of $11.50 per ordinary share, assuming the exercise in full of all such Global Blue Warrants for cash. There can be no assurance that the holders of the Global Blue Warrants will elect to exercise any or all of the Global Blue Warrants. To the extent that the Global Blue Warrants are exercised on a “cashless basis,” the amount of cash we would receive from the exercise of the Global Blue Warrants will decrease. We intend to use the net proceeds from the exercise of such Global Blue Warrants for general corporate purposes, which may include acquisitions or other strategic investments or repayment of indebtedness. Our management will have broad discretion over the use of proceeds from the exercise of the Global Blue Warrants. We will not receive any proceeds from any conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares into ordinary shares.

The selling securityholders will receive all of the net proceeds from the sale of any ordinary shares, Global Blue Warrants or Series A Preferred Shares offered by them under this prospectus. The selling securityholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by the selling securityholders for brokerage, accounting, tax, legal services or any other expenses incurred by the securityholders in disposing of their ordinary shares or Series A Preferred Shares. The Company will bear all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the ordinary shares, Global Blue Warrants and Series A Preferred Shares covered by this prospectus.

 

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DIVIDEND POLICY

The payment of any cash dividends will be dependent upon the revenue, earnings and financial condition of Global Blue from time to time. The payment of any dividends will be within the discretion of the Board of Directors. Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus, we currently expect to retain all future earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not plan to pay any dividends on our ordinary shares in the near future. The declaration and payment of any dividends in the future will be determined by the Board of Directors in its discretion, and will depend on a number of factors, including our earnings, capital requirements, overall financial condition, applicable law and contractual restrictions.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets out our consolidated capitalization and indebtedness as of March 31, 2020. The information below should be read together with the information under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

     As of March 31, 2020  
     Actual      Pro Forma(1)  
     (in € millions)  

Cash and cash equivalents

     226.1        292.1  

Total current debt(2)

     15.1        114.2  

Total non-current debt (excluding current portion of long-term debt)(3)

     652.3        650.5  

Share capital

     0.3        1.4  

Share premium

     391.9        321.1  

Other reserves

     (11.9      (11.9

Accumulated losses

     (317.2      (504.6

Non-controlling interests

     8.4        8.4  

Series A Preferred Shares

     —          215.8  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity

     71.5        30.2  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total capitalization(4)

     738.9        794.9  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Represents the March 31, 2020 balance adjusted for the pro forma effects of the Business Combination, the investments by certain PIPE investors and drawings under the Revolving Credit Facility (collectively, the “Pro Forma Transactions”), as if the Pro Forma Transactions occurred on March 31, 2020.

(2)

Represents debt with a maturity of up to one year, comprising: (i) current lease liabilities (actual: €14.0 million; pro forma: €14.0 million); (ii) drawings under the Revolving Credit Facility (actual: nil; pro forma: €99.2 million); and (iii) other bank overdraft (i.e., local credit facilities available in certain jurisdictions, none of which are committed in nature) (actual: €1.1 million; pro forma: €1.1 million).

(3)

Represents debt with a maturity of one year or more, comprising: (i) non-current lease liabilities (actual: €27.8 million; pro forma: €27.8 million); and (ii) non-current financing (actual: €624.6 million; pro forma: €622.7 million), which consists of senior term debt, which is calculated as €630.0 million senior term loan principal amount under the Term Facility, plus €4.3 million as a result of the application of IFRS 9 (Financial Instruments) less €9.7 million in capitalized financing fees.

(4)

Total capitalization is the sum of total current debt, total non-current debt (excluding current portion of long-term debt) and shareholders’ equity.

 

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INDUSTRY

The following is a description of our industry. Unless otherwise indicated, information used in this section is based on Industry Analysis. Industry publications and market studies generally state that their information is obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but that the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed and that the projections they contain are based on a number of significant assumptions. In addition, investors are cautioned that the description of our industry does not reflect the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Global Blue’s Industry, Business and Regulatory Environment—The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significantly decreased activity in the international travel and extra- regional shopping sectors and, as a result, has had a significant negative impact on Global Blue. The effects of COVID-19 are expected to continue to have a negative impact on Global Blue’s business, results of operations and financial condition until the pandemic and health concerns subside and the related preventative measures are lifted” and “Other Information About Global Blue” as well as “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—COVID-19” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Overview

VAT Overview

VAT is an indirect tax on the domestic consumption of goods and services, except those that are zero-rated (such as food and essential drugs) or are otherwise exempt (such as exports). The key tenet underpinning VAT legislation is the “destination principle” of taxation, which states that goods should be taxed in the country in which they are consumed rather than the country in which they are purchased.

As a result, many countries choose to adopt VAT legislation and VAT refund schemes to increase country attractiveness to international shoppers. International shoppers who are shopping in countries that operate VAT refund schemes are not required to pay VAT in the country of purchase and are able to reclaim VAT on these transactions as they depart the country or region of purchase. As of March 31, 2019, there were 180 countries and territories with VAT legislation, compared to 20 in the financial year ended March 31, 1980. While global adoption of VAT legislation has slowed in recent years, as VAT legislation has reached near global adoption, Global Blue does not believe that this slowdown affects Global Blue’s growth strategy. As of March 31, 2019, 73 countries and territories had adopted VAT refund schemes, meaning that 107 countries and territories have enacted VAT legislation but have not yet adopted a VAT refund scheme. Accordingly, Global Blue believes there is room for growth of the TFS segment, as a result of more countries adopting VAT refund schemes.

NUMBER OF COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES WITH VAT

 

LOGO

 

(1)

Includes territories with different VAT rules than sovereign countries that are counted as separate countries. (Source: OECD (2018), Consumption Tax Trends 2018: VAT/GST and Excise Rates, Trends and Policy Issues; Global Blue.)

 

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NUMBER OF COUNTRIES WITH VAT REFUND SCHEMES

 

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(Source: OECD; (2018), Consumption Tax Trends 2018: VAT/GST and Excise Rates, Trends and Policy Issues; Global Blue.)

The VAT environment is very complex for a multitude of reasons. VAT rates vary across countries (between 15% and 25% in European countries and between 5% and 10% in APAC countries). VAT refund schemes also vary across countries regarding the eligibility of goods, the eligibility of international shoppers (which is typically based on residence rather than citizenship) and the minimum threshold of eligibility for VAT refunds (i.e., minimum purchase amount or MPA).

In the EU, Council Directive 2006/112/EC (the “EU VAT Directive”) harmonizes VAT legislation and VAT refund schemes across the EU and takes precedence over national VAT regulations in the event of any conflict between the two. The EU VAT Directive provides that each EU member state must apply a standard VAT rate of at least 15% and there is no maximum rate. The EU VAT Directive also requires all EU member states to operate a VAT refund scheme for non-EU residents and provides that each EU member state can set the MPA required in order for international shoppers to be eligible for VAT refunds, provided this amount does not exceed 175. Changes to the EU VAT Directive have historically been limited and difficult to agree on. This is largely due to the fact that a unanimous decision from all EU member states is required for any change to the EU VAT Directive. Outside the EU, VAT requirements are generally defined in local VAT legislation and are regulated by local tax authorities.

Tax-Free Shopping Overview

VAT refund is the process through which international shoppers, who are not required to pay VAT in the country or area of purchase, are able to reclaim VAT on goods purchased while abroad. In the vast majority of cases, VAT refunds are processed by a TFS provider, such as ourselves, and in a minority of cases, VAT refunds may be processed in-house by the merchant.

A typical TFS transaction involves three main steps: (i) issuing – issuance of a digital or paper-based tax-free form to an international shopper by the merchant; (ii) export validation – validation of the tax-free transaction at customs when the international shopper is departing the country or area of purchase; and (iii) refunding – reimbursement of the VAT paid (net of fees and charges) to the international shopper. See “Business—Global Blue’s Services—Tax Free Shopping Technology Solutions” for details on the TFS transaction process and payments flow.

The TFS ecosystem consists of multiple parties, including merchants, international shoppers, customs and tax authorities, as well as airports. Global Blue believes that the growing popularity of VAT refund schemes globally is driven by certain advantages that these schemes offer to the relevant industry stakeholders, including:

International shoppers: Ability to reclaim VAT paid, thereby saving on shopping compared to shopping in their home country;

 

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Merchants: Ability to drive incremental sales and profits from international shoppers;

Customs and tax authorities: Ability to attract a greater number of inbound international shoppers, supporting the tourism industry, growing domestic businesses and facilitating growth in the luxury markets; and

Airports: Ability to increase retail spend at the airport.

Size of Tax-Free Shopping Volumes

The global personal luxury market is a key driver of the TFS segment, as the majority of TFS purchases are luxury goods. According to Bain & Company (Luxury Goods Worldwide Market Study, Spring 2019), the global personal luxury market has a size of €260 billion. Based on Global Blue’s estimates and internal data, the global personal luxury market splits into two categories:

 

  (i)

the domestic luxury market, which accounts for 67% (or €174 billion) of the personal luxury market; and

 

  (ii)

the extra-regional luxury market (defined as luxury shopping conducted while overseas and not within an international shopper’s origin country), which accounts for the remaining 33% (or €86 billion) of the personal luxury market. Of the €86 billion extra-regional luxury market, approximately 65% (or €56 billion) is eligible for VAT refunds. The extra-regional luxury market spend eligible for VAT refunds represents 80% (or €56 billion) of the €70 billion TFS segment. The remaining 20% (or €14 billion) is comprised of extra-regional non-luxury spend eligible for VAT refunds (e.g., fast fashion, electronics, sporting goods and other retail environments).

When estimating the size of the TFS segment, Global Blue’s estimates are limited to eligible SiS in countries that allow VAT refunds to be processed by third-party providers or merchants. As a result, this definition excludes cross-border refund schemes, government-run schemes (e.g., Australia and Thailand), ineligible transactions that are expected to become eligible (e.g., through a reduction of the MPA), countries without VAT legislation or VAT refund schemes that are considering the implementation of both VAT legislation and a VAT refund scheme and merchants that do not currently offer VAT refund services at all.

PERSONAL LUXURY MARKET AND TFS SEGMENT (AS OF MARCH 31, 2019)

 

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(1)    Estimated

split, calculated based on split of Global Blue for the financial year ended March 31, 2019. (Source: Global Blue.)

 

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The following charts summarize TFS transaction data for the financial year ended March 31, 2019, by reference to the terms below. While these refer to transactions, the terms can also be calculated based on the value of the SiS (as illustrated below).

 

   

Eligible Transactions: the number of transactions made by international shoppers that are eligible for a VAT refund;

 

   

Issued Transactions: the number of eligible transactions that are issued a tax-free form at POS;

 

   

Refunded Transactions: the number of issued transactions that are successfully refunded;

 

   

Success ratio: the percentage of eligible transactions that are issued and refunded, comprised of:

 

   

Issue ratio: the percentage of eligible transactions that are issued a tax-free form; and

 

   

Refund ratio: the percentage of transactions for which a tax-free form has been issued that are successfully refunded;

 

   

In-House Refunds: the number of transactions refunded in-house by merchants and not refunded by TFS providers;

 

   

Third-Party Serviced Transactions: the number of transactions that are refunded by TFS providers.

TOTAL ELIGIBLE TRANSACTIONS TO REFUNDED TRANSACTIONS (FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2019, IN MILLIONS)

 

LOGO

 

(Source: Global Blue.)

On a transaction basis, for the financial year ended March 31, 2019, Global Blue estimates that only 74 million of the 189 million eligible transactions in the market were successfully issued and refunded, representing a success ratio of 39% (equivalent to a success ratio of 49% on a SiS basis). This relatively low success ratio is a function of multiple factors, including a lack of awareness of the TFS service or of the refund process, or friction along the existing customer journey (e.g., queues for export validation). We believe that these can be addressed by further digitalization of the TFS process.

 

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TOTAL ELIGIBLE SIS TO REFUNDED SIS (FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2019, IN € BILLIONS)

 

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(Source: Global Blue.)

Drivers of Tax-Free Shopping Growth

There are three main macroeconomic market drivers underpinning continued growth of the TFS segment: (A) growth in the emerging market middle class, which leads to an increase in travel and, accordingly, an increase in international tourism expenditure, extra-regional luxury market spend and eligible SiS; (B) increase in countries adopting VAT refund schemes and an increase in VAT rates leading to an increase in average spend per trip and per shopper; and (C) digitalization of export validation, which supports the improvement of the success ratio, which positively impact SiS. As a result of these drivers, TFS SiS increased at a CAGR of 14% between April 1, 2010 and March 31, 2019, while the domestic luxury market and the extra-regional luxury market increased at a CAGR of 5% and 10%, respectively. For more information on these drivers, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Factors Affecting Global Blue’s Business and Results of Operation” and “Business—Global Blue’s Key Strengths.” In particular, each of these three macroeconomic market drivers are directly tied to the TFS growth equation, as illustrated below.

 

LOGO

 

(1)

All ratios are presented on a transaction basis. The issue, refund and success ratio would be equivalent to 58%, 86% and 49%, respectively, if presented on an SiS basis.

 

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Notwithstanding the long-term tailwinds, there are a number of short-term factors that impact Global Blue’s quarter-on-quarter performance, such as foreign exchange and travel disruptions. Such headwinds have resulted in lower SiS and revenue growth rates for the financial years ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 relative to the overall level of growth Global Blue expected over the long term (i.e., between 2010 and 2019) and the more medium term (i.e., between 2015 and 2019). The COVID-19 pandemic has also affected our SiS and revenue growth rates for the financial year ended March 31, 2020. The ultimate negative impact on Global Blue’s results of operations for subsequent financial periods cannot be accurately quantified at this time.

Emerging market wealth growth increases the number of people travelling abroad and drives SiS from emerging market international shoppers.

International shoppers from emerging markets accounted for 70% of Global Blue’s eligible SiS for the financial year ended March 31, 2019. As a result, Global Blue’s business benefits from growth of the middle class in emerging markets, which has led to an increase in travel and an increase in international tourism expenditure. Between April 1, 2010 and March 31, 2019, according to Industry Analysis, the middle class grew by approximately 34 million households to 58 million, translating to a CAGR of 10%. This expansion of the middle class in emerging markets has fueled international travel to Global Blue’s TFS destination markets by emerging market travelers, which increased at a CAGR of 11% over the same period, from 49 million to 121 million. Consequently, the number of eligible TFS transactions increased by an estimated 68 million to 189 million during the same period, representing a CAGR of 12%. Illustrative of this relationship, Industry Analysis suggests a 97% correlation between Global Blue’s TFS transactions and arrivals of emerging market international shoppers into markets in which Global Blue has a presence, illustrating the strong relationship between emerging market middle class wealth and TFS transactions.

The propensity of international shoppers from emerging markets to spend while abroad is driven by the following key factors:

 

   

A greater range of products and greater confidence in the authenticity of goods in developed destination markets, compared to shopping in emerging market origin countries;

 

   

A price differential of luxury goods between origin emerging markets and destination markets, even before accounting for the incremental savings generated by the VAT refund; and

 

   

An enhanced shopping experience in flagship stores in destination markets.

The first wave of growth in the TFS industry, which spanned the years preceding the financial year ended March 31, 2010, was driven by emerging market wealth growth in Russia. Thereafter, the second wave, spanning the period of the financial year ended March 31, 2010 to March 31, 2019, was driven by emerging market wealth growth in China. The next wave of TFS industry growth, up until the financial year ending March 31, 2025, is expected to be driven by Chinese international shoppers, as well as those from Southeast Asia and India. As the middle class and, accordingly, propensity to travel are expected to continue to grow in the long term, Global Blue believes these three regions will support the next wave of growth in the TFS industry.

Notwithstanding the historical growth, Industry Analysis indicates that the middle class still remains a small percentage of the total population of the emerging markets at only 4%, and we believe that there is significant room for this segment of the population to grow. For example, Chinese outbound trips were taken by approximately 5% of the Chinese population in 2014 and approximately 9% of the Chinese population held a passport in 2018, which compares to the average of developed countries of approximately 54% (based on the latest available data for UK, South Korea, Japan, Canada, USA and Australia). Industry Analysis suggests that the middle class will continue to increase, resulting in an increase in arrivals from emerging market countries into our destination markets at a CAGR of approximately 9% over the next six years (from 121 million in the financial year ended March 31, 2019 to approximately 199 million in the financial year ended March 31, 2025) and that such potential growth should drive long-term structural growth in the TFS industry.

 

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Global Blue believes that the volume of international travel and TFS transactions has shown resilience and long-term predictability, despite repeated short-term volatility. A wide range of travel disruptions, including foreign exchange fluctuations, geopolitical developments, natural disasters, contagious disease outbreaks, terrorist attacks and economic downturns, can impact month-on-month performance. Such disruptions may cause variations in and serve as headwinds to a TFS provider’s revenue in the short term. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Factors Affecting Global Blue’s Business and Results of Operation—External factors—Short-Term external factors—Travel disruptions.” However, in Global Blue’s experience, these disruptions have typically been short-term and temporary in nature, with their effects eventually subsiding or completely reversing in most instances. In addition, Global Blue believes that TFS providers with a diversified global footprint, such as ours, are better positioned to overcome such temporary travel disruptions, as travelers responding to travel disruptions may simply opt for alternative destination markets, where we are also present.

Increased adoption of VAT refund schemes increases the number of transactions eligible for VAT refunds, with further benefit from higher rates and more favorable eligibility requirements.

Between the financial years ended March 31, 1980 and 2019, the number of countries and territories that have adopted VAT legislation has increased from 20 to 180, based on Global Blue internal data and the OECD. Of these 180 countries and territories, only 73 have adopted VAT refund schemes. Accordingly, while the number of countries and territories adopting VAT legislation has slowed down in recent years (as a result of reaching near full adoption), the number of VAT refund schemes (which is well below the number of countries and territories with VAT legislation) is expected to increase over time. Governments are incentivized to introduce VAT refund schemes, as it increases a country’s attractiveness to international shoppers. Global Blue’s analysis has indicated that, between the financial years ended March 31, 2010 and 2019, countries that have adopted VAT refund schemes have seen luxury retail sales by international shoppers increase by 10%, while countries that have not adopted VAT refund schemes have seen growth of only 7%. Global Blue would expect this growth differential to continue, as a result of the financial incentives created for international shoppers in countries with a VAT refund scheme. Based on Global Blue’s ongoing conversations with customs and tax authorities, Global Blue anticipated (as of March 31, 2019) that at least 10 countries will adopt VAT refund schemes operated by TFS providers in the next five years (depending on whether the relevant regulations are passed). Since then and as of March 31, 2020, Serbia and Kazakhstan have adopted VAT refund schemes operated by third-party TFS providers.

In addition to the adoption of VAT refund schemes, there are four other policy levers that impact Global Blue’s business:

 

   

Eligible goods: Broadening the range of goods that are eligible for VAT refunds serves to increase the number of eligible transactions. Currently, some countries have a narrower range of eligible goods than other countries. For example, alcohol or tobacco are not eligible for a VAT refund in Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Greece, Lithuania, Morocco, Russia, Slovenia and South Korea, while they are eligible in other TFS countries served by Global Blue.

 

   

VAT rate: As a result of a VAT rate increase, the absolute value of VAT refunds increases, thereby increasing Global Blue’s fee for processing these refunds. Additionally, Global Blue’s revenue increases as VAT rates increase, as a higher tax rate incentivizes international shoppers to use Global Blue’s services. Average VAT rates in European countries are approximately 20%, while average VAT rates in APAC are approximately 8%. Historically, 77% of the European OECD members have increased their VAT rates since 2006, and Japan increased its VAT rate from 8% to 10% in October 2019.

 

   

Minimum purchase amount: As the MPA for eligible transactions decreases, there is an increase in the number of eligible transactions. Currently, some countries mandate that only purchases that reach a certain minimum amount are eligible for VAT refunds. For example, historically, in Spain, only

 

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transactions over €90 were eligible for VAT refunds. Since this restriction was removed in August 2018, Global Blue’s total eligible SiS has increased.

 

   

Eligible beneficiary: Expanding the travelers that are eligible for VAT refunds increases the number of eligible transactions. Typically, all travelers who are non-residents of the country or region they are visiting are eligible for VAT refunds. However, certain countries have more generous eligibility thresholds, such as Australia and Japan, which also allow their residents to benefit from the VAT refund scheme if they are taking domestic goods abroad.

Digitalization of export validation increases success ratio.

VAT is only refunded to an international shopper after their tax-free transaction is validated by customs. However, as a result of friction within the export validation process (including, at times, the required queueing), international shoppers either decide not to have a tax-free form issued or decide not to seek a refund. These are some of the factors contributing to the low success ratio of 39% on a transaction basis (equivalent to 49% on a SiS basis).

To address this friction, customs and tax authorities have started introducing digital export validation, including self-service validation kiosks and rule-based engines that identify transactions for green channels (which do not require physical verification by customs officers and apply to the majority of transactions) and red channels (which do require physical verification). As of March 31, 2019, 17 countries (including, for example, France and Spain) had adopted digital export validation and, based on Global Blue’s ongoing discussions with customs and tax authorities, approximately eight more countries are expected to adopt this technology by the financial year ended March 31, 2022 (depending on whether the relevant regulations are passed). This has since increased to 18 countries. Additionally, as of March 31, 2019, 54% of Global Blue’s TFS SiS was digitally validated. Although this percentage was consistent as of March 31, 2020, 89% of Global Blue’s TFS SiS is expected to be digitally validated by the financial year ended March 31, 2022 (depending on whether the relevant regulations are passed). The main benefit of digital export validation is reduced friction within the customer journey, which has a direct positive impact on the success ratio. For example, in France, the success ratio, as measured by Global Blue, increased from 42% for the financial year ended March 31, 2011 to 51% for the financial year ended March 31, 2019, as the export validation process has become increasingly digitalized.

It is expected that the ongoing digitalization of the full customer journey (including issuing and refunding) will drive improvement in success ratio and increase Global Blue’s revenue as friction points are further reduced. Global Blue is well placed to benefit as these processes become more digitalized, as Global Blue has begun to offer digital issuing and refunding solutions to Global Blue’s merchant partners and international shoppers. For merchants, Global Blue offers a wide range of digital issuing solutions, which has led to an increase in Global Blue’s number of digitally issued TFS transactions from 5% to 96% between the financial years ended March 31, 2010 and 2019. For the financial year ended March 31, 2020, Global Blue’s number of digitally issued TFS transactions increased to approximately 97%. For international shoppers, Global Blue offers a wide range of refunding solutions, which has resulted in an increase in Global Blue’s percentage of refund value digitally refunded from 30% to 40% between the financial years ended March 31, 2010 and 2019.

Competitive Environment

From the total eligible SiS of €70 billion as of March 31, 2019, only €35 billion is currently refunded, of which €26 billion is third-party serviced. Of this third-party serviced TFS segment, Global Blue held approximately 70% (based on TFS SiS) as of March 31, 2019. Global Blue’s main competitor in this segment is Planet, which holds approximately 20% share of the third-party serviced TFS segment and is predominantly focused on the European TFS segment. In addition, as of the same date, Global Tax Free, a regional competitor in select APAC countries, held approximately 5% of the TFS segment. Apart from these two key competitors, the remaining 5% of the TFS segment is split amongst approximately 45 TFS competitors, comprised mostly of local players.

 

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A high degree of sophistication and industry know-how is required from TFS providers. We believe that existing TFS providers, such as ourselves, are better positioned to offer higher added-value to TFS stakeholders than a new market entrant could offer. Some of the complexities required of any successful TFS provider include the following, and Global Blue believes it is well positioned in these areas:

 

   

Fully integrated technology platform: As the TFS industry becomes increasingly digitalized, increased technological integrations and higher frequency of regulatory changes increases merchant focus on the quality of TFS providers and available solutions.

 

   

Longstanding relationships: For international merchants, there is an increased focus on partnering with a one-stop global TFS provider that can roll-out solutions across various geographies. As a result, TFS providers need to have longstanding merchant relationships on a global scale, as well as a global footprint to ensure it is present in each of the merchant’s retail locations.

 

   

Broad physical presence: Broad physical presence of TFS providers is driven by the expectations of all stakeholders in the TFS ecosystem—merchants (e.g., ability to visit retail stores for trainings), international shoppers (e.g., accessibility of refund locations) and customs and tax authorities.

 

   

Multiple-jurisdiction compliance: TFS refund schemes around the world are governed by a diverse and complex set of laws and regulations, consisting of different VAT and customs rules in each country. More broadly, the implementation of VAT refund regulation, even in the EU, is different in each member state and is expected to become even more diverse as countries begin to implement digital export validation. Navigating these complex challenges and adhering to varying regulations requires extensive operational knowledge, as well as regulatory expertise and relationships across many jurisdictions.

 

   

International shopper and merchant data: Data is increasingly important for merchants in order to better forecast demand, create targeted marketing campaigns, effectively communicate with international shoppers and tailor product procurement. As a result, TFS providers with higher transaction volume are more preferred by merchants, as a result of the quality and depth of their dataset on international shoppers.

Payments Industry

Based on Euromonitor International (Consumer Finance Edition 2020) from September 2019, for the calendar year ended December 31, 2018, the consumer payments market (as described below) reached approximately $34 trillion and is forecasted to grow to approximately $51 trillion by December 31, 2023, representing an expected CAGR of 9% over the next five years.

The payments industry is experiencing an ongoing shift away from cash and toward non-cash transactions. This shift toward non-cash payments is being driven by a number of factors, including new technology increasing speed and convenience, lower transaction fees and the growing prevalence of online and mobile channels.

For the calendar year ended December 31, 2018, the volume of non-cash card payments reached $23 trillion, representing 69% of total payment volume (compared to 49% for the year ended December 31, 2013), and is forecasted to grow to approximately $42 trillion by December 31, 2023, representing 82% of total payment volume. This represents an expected CAGR of approximately 12% over the next five years. (Source: Euromonitor International, September 2019.)

 

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CONSUMER PAYMENT TRANSACTION VOLUME IN KEY MARKETS (IN $TRILLION)(1)

 

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(1)

Based on China, Japan, Australia, Canada, US, Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and the UK.

(2)

Card transactions include consumer payments from charge cards, credit cards, debit cards and pre-paid cards and excludes electronic direct and automated clearing house transactions.

(3)

Cash transactions include other payment types (e.g., checks).

(Source: Euromonitor International, Consumer Finance Edition 2020—based on estimates from September 2019.)

The DCC Industry

Within Global Blue’s AVPS business, Global Blue’s DCC service allows international shoppers to choose between making payments in their home currency or in the local currency at the POS, automated teller machines (“ATMs”), and while shopping online. When an international shopper chooses to pay in their home currency, the DCC provider confirms the exchange rate applied and the home currency amount to the international shopper before the transaction is processed. This gives the international shopper clarity and certainty about their spending and allows them to track their travel expenses immediately. The alternative would be for the international shopper to pay in local currency and only find out the exchange rate and home currency equivalent weeks later in their bank account statement, which reduces the international shoppers’ visibility regarding their spend.

DCC providers’ main customers are Acquirers, who offer DCC as a value-added service to their merchants. The ability to cross-sell DCC services into their merchant base increases the number of products per merchant, which usually increases merchants’ stickiness. DCC providers, such as Global Blue, charge international shoppers a fee on each transaction. The fee, which is usually approximately 3% per transaction, is then shared broadly equally between the DCC provider, the Acquirer and the merchant. This fee represents a financial incentive to the merchant and the Acquirer; the alternative, where the international shopper pays in the local currency, would see this fee be collected by the issuing bank. See “Business—Global Blue’s Services—Added-Value Payment Solutions” for an overview of a typical DCC transaction and explanation of the revenue-sharing model with Acquirers and merchants.

 

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Drivers of Growth

The growth in Global Blue’s AVPS-eligible SiS is a function of the cross-border card spend, as shown by Industry Analysis that has calculated a correlation of 96% between the two. To illustrate this point, the below breaks down the steps between the addressable and addressed spend.

 

   

Addressable cross-border card spend: This represents the value of payments that are eligible for DCC, which itself is a function of three elements:

 

   

Consumer cross-border spend: The value of cross-border spend by consumers

 

   

Percentage of card penetration: The percentage of cross-border spend by consumers conducted via credit or debit cards

 

   

Percentage of addressable cards: The percentage of POS transactions or cash withdrawn from ATMs using a MasterCard- or Visa-branded cards. DCC services can only be used with Visa and MasterCard transactions, because other card schemes act as Acquirers and, therefore, these card schemes already benefit from foreign exchange transaction fees and, as such, have no incentive to utilize DCC

 

   

DCC penetration: The percentage of merchants or ATMs that offer DCC solutions

 

   

Unaddressed DCC Spend: The value of payments that is eligible for DCC, though is unaddressed as a DCC proposition is not available at the merchant or the ATM

 

   

Addressable DCC spend: The value of payments that would be eligible for DCC and where a DCC proposition is available

 

   

Acceptance rate: The percentage of international shoppers that opt to use DCC either at a POS or at an ATM

 

   

Opt-out of DCC: The value of payments for which international shoppers decided not to use DCC

 

   

Addressed DCC spend: The value of payments by international shoppers opting for DCC, on which the above-mentioned 3% DCC fee per transaction is charged to the international shopper

To illustrate the above, the following chart summarizes the data for the financial year ended March 31, 2019:

DCC SIS (FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2019, IN € BILLIONS)(1)

 

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(Source: Global Blue.)

 

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Over the last five financial years to March 31, 2019, Global Blue’s estimates indicate that addressable cross-border card spend has grown at a CAGR of 10% to €455 billion, as a result of increasing consumer cross-border spend and card penetration. The addressable DCC spend was estimated to have increased by a CAGR of 12% over the same period to €85 billion, due to increased penetration of the DCC solution. As a result of either a lack of awareness of the availability of the DCC solution or a limited knowledge of its benefits, the addressed market is only €28 billion. As a result of the meaningfully large unaddressed market totaling €427 billion, Global Blue believes that there is further room for growth within the market as a result of higher penetration rate and acceptance rate, which is in addition to the structural growth from increasing consumer cross-border spend growth and increase percentage of card penetration.

Competitive Landscape

The DCC segment mainly consists of nine international DCC providers, as well as a number of local and regional DCC providers. As of March 31, 2019, the international DCC providers consist of two foreign exchange specialists offering DCC services (Fexco and Monex), two TFS providers offering DCC services (Global Blue and Planet) and Acquirers offering DCC services. Global Blue estimates that it is the second largest global DCC provider by revenue, holding approximately 20% of the DCC segment, preceded by Fexco. This implies that Global Blue is the largest TFS provider that also offers DCC services.

Global Blue believes that success in the DCC segment is driven by a multitude of factors:

 

   

Ease of integration: The ability to easily integrated with Acquirers’ and PSP’s software enables faster roll-out to merchants

 

   

Ability to optimize user experience: The ability to (i) optimize user interface with the DCC solution and (ii) enhance in-store sales staff explanation of the solution improves the experience of the process and increase the acceptance rate

 

   

Broad physical presence across multiple geographies: The availability of on-the-ground salesforce and support staff engaging with merchants enables direct support services when necessary (e.g., training)

 

   

Longstanding relationships with merchants: Such relationships allow merchants to consider the DCC provider when making broader payments infrastructure decisions

 

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BUSINESS

Overview