0001398344-23-015694.txt : 20230825 0001398344-23-015694.hdr.sgml : 20230825 20230824190343 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001398344-23-015694 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: POS EX PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 18 FILED AS OF DATE: 20230825 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20230824 EFFECTIVENESS DATE: 20230825 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc. CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001790177 IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: MD FISCAL YEAR END: 0630 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: POS EX SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-260484 FILM NUMBER: 231203432 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 360 S. ROSEMARY AVE STREET 2: SUITE 1420 CITY: WEST PALM BEACH STATE: FL ZIP: 33401 BUSINESS PHONE: 561-484-7185 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 360 S. ROSEMARY AVE STREET 2: SUITE 1420 CITY: WEST PALM BEACH STATE: FL ZIP: 33401 POS EX 1 fp0084856-4_posexixbrl.htm
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 24, 2023

 

Securities Act File No. 333-260484

  Investment Company Act File No. 811-23481

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-2

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 [X]
Pre-Effective Amendment No. [   ]
Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 [X]
   
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 [X]
Amendment No. 10 [X]

 

RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc.

 (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

 

360 South Rosemary Avenue, Suite 1420

West Palm BeachFL 33401

 (Address of principal executive offices)

 

(561) 484-7185

(Registrant’s Telephone Number)

 

 Marcus L. Collins, Esq.

RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC

 360 South Rosemary Avenue, Suite 1420

West Palm BeachFL 33401

 (Names and addresses of agents for service)

 

Copies to:

 Joshua B. Deringer

Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP

 One Logan Square, Ste. 2000

Philadelphia, PA 19103-6996

 (215) 988-2700

 

Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: This post-effective amendment is being filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act and will be effective upon filing.

 

  [   ] Check box if the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans.

 

 

  [X] Check box if any securities being registered on this Form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”), other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan.
  [   ] Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto.
  [   ] Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act.
  [   ] Check box if this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction B to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act.

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)

 

  [   ] when declared effective pursuant to Section 8(c) of the Securities Act

 

If appropriate, check the following box:

 

  [   ] This [post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed [post-effective amendment] [registration statement].
  [   ] This Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: _____.
  [   ] This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: _____.
  [X] This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: 333-260484.

 

Check each box that appropriately characterizes the Registrant:

 

  [X] Registered Closed-End Fund (closed-end company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Investment Company Act”)).
  [   ] Business Development Company (closed-end company that intends or has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act).
  [   ] Interval Fund (Registered Closed-End Fund or a Business Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company Act).
  [   ] A.2 Qualified (qualified to register securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form).
  [   ] Well-Known Seasoned Issuer (as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act).
  [   ] Emerging Growth Company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”).
  [   ] If an Emerging Growth Company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act.
  [   ] New Registrant (registered or regulated under the Investment Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this filing).

 

 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

 

This Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-260484 and 811-23481) of the RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc. (as amended, the “Registration Statement”) is being filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), solely for the purpose of filing Exhibits h.1, h.2, l.3, r.1 and t.2 to the Registration Statement. No changes have been made to Part A or Part B of the Registration Statement. Accordingly, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 consists only of the facing page, this explanatory note and Part C of the Registration Statement setting forth the exhibits to the Registration Statement. Pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 shall become effective immediately upon filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The contents of the Registration Statement are hereby incorporated by reference.

 

 

PART C - OTHER INFORMATION 

 

Item 25: Financial Statements and Exhibits

 

2. Exhibits:
   
a.1. Articles of Incorporation. (1)
   
a.2. Articles of Amendment and Restatement. (3)
   
b. By-Laws of Fund. (3)
   
c. None.
   
d. None.
   
e. Dividend Reinvestment Plan. (4)
   
f. None.
   
g.1 Form of Investment Management Agreement between Registrant and RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC. (2)
   
g.2 Sub-Advisory Agreement between RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC and MacKay Shields LLC. (4)
   
h.1 Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. (8)
   
h.2 Sub-Placement Agent Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and UBS Securities LLC. (8)
   
h.3 Form of Master Selected Dealers Agreement.(4)
   
h.4 Closed-End Fund Distribution Services Agreement. (4)
   
i. None.
   
j.1 Master Custodian Agreement. (4)
   
j.2 Letter Amending Appendix A to the Master Custodian Agreement. (4)
   
k.1 Agency Agreement with DST Systems, Inc. (4)

 

k.2 Adoption Agreement to Agency Agreement. (4)
   
k.3 Administration Bookkeeping and Pricing Services Agreement with ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (4)
   
k.4 Form of Sales Incentive Agreement. (4)
   
k.5 Franklin Rule 12d1-4 Funds of Funds Investment Agreement dated January 20, 2022. (6)
   

 

 

k.6 BlackRock Closed-End Fund Rule 12d1-4 Fund of Funds Investment Agreement dated January 19, 2022. (6)
   
k.7 Nuveen Closed-End Funds Rule 12d1-4 Investment Agreement dated January 19, 2022. (6)
   
k.8 Voya Fund of Funds Investment Agreement dated January 19, 2022. (6)
   
l.1 Opinion and consent of Fund counsel. (7)
   
l.2 Opinion and consent of Maryland counsel. (6)
   
l.3 Consent of Fund counsel. (8)
   
m. None.
   
n. Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. (7)
   
o. None.
   
p. Subscription Agreement. (4)
   
q. None.
   
r.1 Combined Code of Ethics for the Registrant and RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC. (8)
   
r.2 Code of Ethics of Mackay Shields LLC. (4)
   
s. Calculation of Filing Fees Tables (7)
   
t.1 Powers of Attorney. (6)
   
t.2 Power of Attorney for Lisa B. Mougin. (8)

 

  (1) Filed on October 7, 2019 with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-234122) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  (2) Filed on February 18, 2020 with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 234122) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  (3) Filed on February 24, 2020 with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 234122) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  (4) Filed on March 25, 2020 with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-234122) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

  (5) Filed on March 26, 2020 with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-234122) and incorporated herein by reference.
     
  (6) Filed on August 9, 2022 with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-260484) and incorporated herein by reference. 

 

 

     
  (7) Filed on October 7, 2022 with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-260484) and incorporated herein by reference.
     
  (8) Filed herewith.

 

Item 26: Marketing Arrangements

 

The information contained under the heading “Plan of Distribution” on page 85 of the Prospectus is incorporated by reference. Please also see the Distribution Agreement filed as exhibit (h)(1) hereto.

 

Item 27: Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

 

The following table sets forth estimated expenses payable by us in connection with all offerings described in this Registration Statement (excluding any placement fees):

 

Securities and Exchange Commission Fees $19,500
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. Fees $23,000
Legal Fees $443,000
Listing Fees $26,300
Accounting Expenses $2,300
Rating Fees $--
Printing and Miscellaneous Expenses $25,000
Total $539,100

 

Item 28: Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with Registrant

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 29: Number of Holders of Securities

 

At August 2, 2023

 

Title of Class Number of Record Holders
Common Shares, $0.0001 par value 1

 

Item 30: Indemnification

 

Section 7.2 of the Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Registrant provides as follows:

 

Any person who is made a party or is threatened to be made a party in any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative, by reason of the fact that such person is a current or former director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving while a director or officer of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, agent, or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise, or employee benefit plan, shall be indemnified by the Corporation against judgments, penalties, fines, excise taxes, settlements, and reasonable expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit, or proceeding to the fullest extent permissible under Maryland law, the Securities Act, and the 1940 Act, as such statutes are now or hereinafter in force. In addition, the Corporation shall advance expenses to its current and former directors and officers who are made, or are threatened to be made, parties to any action, suit, or proceeding described above to the fullest extent that advancement of expenses is permitted by Maryland law, the Securities Act and the 1940 Act. The Board of Directors, by Bylaw, resolution, or agreement, may make further provision for indemnification of directors, officers, employees, and agents to the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law. No provision of this Article VII shall be effective to protect or purport to protect any director or officer of the Corporation against any liability to the Corporation or its security holders to which she or he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of her or his office. Upon the direction of the Board of Directors, an advancement-of-costs agreement may be required in order to require the repayment of reimbursed expenses in the event that the foregoing exclusion was later determined to apply.

 

 

Please also see the Distribution Agreement filed as exhibit (h)(1) hereto.

 

Item 31: Business and Other Connections of Investment Advisers

 

RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC

 

The information in the Statement of Additional Information under the captions “Board Members and Officers” is hereby incorporated by reference.

 

The principal occupation of the directors and officers of the Adviser are their services as directors and officers of the Adviser. The address of the Adviser is 360 South Rosemary Avenue, Suite 1420, West Palm Beach, FL 33401.

 

Set forth below is information as to any other business, profession, vocation and employment of a substantial nature in which each officer of the Adviser is, or at any during the last two fiscal years has been, engaged for their own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee partner or trustee:

 

Name* Positions with RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC Other Business Connections Type of Business
Patrick W. Galley Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer and Board of Managers President and Trustee/Director, RiverNorth Funds and RiverNorth advised Closed-End Funds; Director, RiverNorth Opportunities Fund, Inc., Board of Directors, RiverNorth Holdings, Co.; Board of Managers, RiverNorth Financial Holdings, LLC. Investments
Jonathan M. Mohrhardt President, Chief Operating Officer and Board of Managers Treasurer, RiverNorth Funds and RiverNorth advised Closed-End Funds; Board of Directors, RiverNorth Holdings, Co.; Board of Managers, RiverNorth Financial Holdings, LLC Investments
Marcus L. Collins Secretary, General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer Chief Compliance Officer, Secretary, RiverNorth Funds and RiverNorth advised Closed-End Funds Investments
Stephen A. O’Neill Portfolio Manager Portfolio Manager, RiverNorth Funds and RiverNorth advised Closed-End Funds, RiverNorth Opportunities Fund, Inc. Investments

 

The address for each of the named is 360 South Rosemary Avenue, Suite 1420, West Palm Beach, FL 33401. 

 

 

Mackay Shields LLC

 

The Registrant’s sub-adviser, Mackay Shields LLC (the “Subadviser”), is a Delaware limited liability company. The list required by this Item 31 of officers and trustees of the Subadviser, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by the Subadviser and such officers and trustees during the past two years, is incorporated by reference to Form ADV (SEC File No. 801-5594) filed by the Subadviser pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.

 

Item 32: Location of Accounts and Records.

 

RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC maintains the Charter, By-Laws, minutes of directors and shareholders meetings and contracts of the Registrant, all advisory material of the investment adviser, all general and subsidiary ledgers, journals, trial balances, records of all portfolio purchases and sales, and all other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act and the Rules thereunder.

 

Item 33: Management Services

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 34: Undertakings

 

  1. The Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of shares until the prospectus is amended if (1) subsequent to the effective date of its registration statement, the net asset value declines more than ten percent from its net asset value as of the effective date of the registration statement or (2) the net asset value increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as stated in the prospectus.

 

  2. Not applicable.

     
  3. The Registrant hereby undertakes:

 

 

  (a) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement:

 

  (1) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act.
     
  (2) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.
     
  (3) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.
     
    Provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1), (2), and (3) of this section do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference into the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

 

  (b) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;
     
  (c) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;
     
  (d) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:

 

  (1) if the Registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

 

  (A) Each prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
  (B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (x), or (xi) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or

 

 

     
  (2) if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C: each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness; Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use;
     
  (e)

that, for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities: 

 

The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser: 

     
  (1) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act;
     
  (2) any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant;
           

  (3) the portion of any other free writing prospectus or advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and
     
  (4) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.
         
  4. The Registrant undertakes that:
           

 

 

  (a) for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective; and
     
  (b) for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  5. The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the Registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 934 that is incorporated by reference into the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
     
  6. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
     
  7. The Registrant hereby undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any prospectus or Statement of Additional Information.
     
  8.

The Registrant undertakes to only offer rights to purchase common and preferred shares together after a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement relating to such rights has been declared effective.

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in this City of West Palm Beach, and State of Florida, on the 24th day of August, 2023.

 

  RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc.
       
  By: /s/ Patrick W. Galley  
    Patrick W. Galley, President  

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

 

Signature   Title   Date  
By: /s/ Patrick W. Galley   President (Principal Executive Officer)   August 24, 2023  
  Patrick W. Galley          
By: /s/ Jonathan M Mohrhardt   Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer/Principal Accounting Officer)   August 24, 2023  
  Jonathan M Mohrhardt          
By: /s/ Patrick W. Galley   Chairman of the Board and Director   August 24, 2023  
  Patrick W. Galley          
  John K. Carter(1)   Director   By: /s/ Patrick W. Galley  
  Lisa B. Mougin(2)   Director     Patrick W. Galley  
  J. Wayne Hutchens(1)   Director     Attorney-In-Fact  
  David M. Swanson(1)   Director     August 24, 2023  
  Jerry Raio(1)   Director      

 

(1) Original powers of attorney authorizing Joshua B. Deringer, David L. Williams and Patrick W. Galley to execute Registrant’s Registration Statement, and Amendments thereto, for the directors of the Registrant on whose behalf this Registration Statement is filed, were previously filed on August 9, 2022 as Exhibit t to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 260484).
   
(2) Original power of attorney authorizing Joshua B. Deringer, David L. Williams and Patrick W. Galley to execute Registrant’s Registration Statement, and Amendments thereto, for the directors of the Registrant on whose behalf this Registration Statement is filed, was previously executed and is filed herewith as Exhibit t.2.

 

 

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

h.1 Distribution Agreement between Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc.
h.2 Sub-Placement Agent Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and UBS Securities LLC
l.3 Consent of Fund Counsel
r.1 Combined Code of Ethics for the Registrant and RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC
t.2 Power of Attorney for Lisa B. Mougin
EX-99.25 2 fp0084856-4_ex99252h1.htm

 

DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

 

This DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT (this "Agreement") made as of August 24, 2023 by and between the RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the "Fund"), and ALPS Distributors, Inc., a Colorado corporation (the "Distributor").

 

WITNESSETH:

 

WHEREAS, the Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Investment Company Act"), as a diversified, closed-end, management investment company; and

 

WHEREAS, the Fund has filed a registration statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 260484 and 811- 23481) (the "Registration Statement") pursuant to the Investment Company Act and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Securities Act"), to register shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, of the Fund (the "Common Shares"), which may be issued and sold from time to time through various specified transactions, including at-the-market ("ATM") offerings pursuant to Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act; and

 

WHEREAS, the Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer under the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Exchange Act"), and is a member in good standing of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA"); and

 

WHEREAS, the Fund and the Distributor wish to enter into a distribution agreement with each other with respect to ATM offerings, from time to time, of the Common Shares.

 

WHEREAS the Fund is managed by the Fund’s investment adviser, RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC (“Adviser”) and sub-advised by the Fund’s subadviser, MacKay Shields LLC (“Subadviser”).

 

NOW THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:

 

Section 1. Appointment of the Distributor; ATM Offerings.

 

(a)        Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Fund hereby appoints the Distributor as its principal underwriter and placement agent for up to 3,000,000 Common Shares of the Fund to be offered pursuant to the Registration Statement through ATM offerings from time to time (the "Shares") and the Fund agrees that it will issue such Shares as the Distributor may sell. The Distributor agrees to enter into sub-placement agent agreements with selected dealers (“Sub-Placement Agent Agreements”), each of whom shall be registered as a broker-dealer under the provisions of the Exchange Act and a member in good standing of FINRA who will use reasonable efforts to identify opportunities for the sale of Shares (each, a "sub-placement agent"), but neither the Distributor nor any sub-placement agent is obligated to sell any specific number of the Shares (though the Distributor will only be authorized to sell on any Offering Date (as defined below) the maximum number of Shares agreed to with the Fund pursuant to Section 1(d) hereof). The Distributor will not purchase any Shares for its own account. The Shares will only be sold on such days as shall be agreed to by the Distributor and the Fund (each, an "Offering Date"). The Distributor hereby accepts such appointment.

 

 

(b)        The Distributor acknowledges that Shares will be offered and sold only as set forth from time to time in the Registration Statement including, without limitation, pricing of Shares, handling of investor funds and payment of sales commissions.

 

(c)        The Fund may suspend or terminate any ATM offering of its Shares at any time. Upon notice to the Distributor of the terms of such suspension or termination, the Distributor shall suspend the ATM offering of Shares in accordance with such terms until the Fund notifies the Distributor that such ATM offering may be resumed; provided, however, that such suspension or termination shall not affect or impair the parties' respective obligations with respect to the Shares sold hereunder prior to the giving of such notice.

 

(d)        The price per Share shall be determined by the Fund together with the Distributor or any sub-placement agent by reference to trades in the Common Shares on the primary exchange for the Common Shares. In no event shall the price per Share be less than the then current net asset value per Common Share (which net asset value shall be determined as of a time within forty-eight hours, excluding Sundays and holidays, next preceding the time of such determination) plus the per Share amount of the commission to be paid to the Distributor (the "Minimum Price"). The Fund may establish a minimum sales price per Share on any Offering Date in excess of the Minimum Price (the "Minimum Sales Price"), and the Fund shall communicate such Minimum Sales Price to the Distributor. The Fund shall have sole discretion to establish a Minimum Sales Price for any Offering Date and may consider, among other factors, the degree to which the market price per Common Share exceeds the Fund's net asset value per Common Share, and the amount of assets the Fund desires to raise through ATM offerings. The Distributor shall suspend the sale of Shares if the per share price of the Shares is less than the Minimum Price or the Minimum Sales Price. The Distributor or any sub-placement agent shall, together with the Fund, determine the maximum number of Shares to be sold through the Distributor or through such sub-placement agent for any Offering Date, and the Distributor or such sub-placement agent shall not be authorized to sell Shares on any Offering Date in excess of such maximum.

 

(e)        The Distributor will confirm to the Fund, following the close of trading on the Fund's primary exchange on each Offering Date for the Shares, the number of Shares sold through the Distributor and through any sub-placement agent, the time of sale, the gross sales price per Share and the compensation payable to the Distributor and such sub-placement agent, or to which the Distributor and such sub-placement agent are entitled with respect to such sales. The Fund reserves the right to reject any order in whole or in part.

 

(f)         Settlement for sales of the Shares pursuant to this Section 1 will occur on the second business day following the date on which such sales are made (each such day, a "Settlement Date"). On each Settlement Date, the Shares sold through the Distributor and through any sub-placement agent for settlement on such date shall be delivered by the Fund at the Distributor's request to such sub-placement agent's account at The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties, against payment of the gross sales proceeds for the sale of such Shares, less the sales commission to be paid to the Distributor and such sub-placement agent.

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(g)        In selling Shares, the Distributor shall act solely as an agent of the Fund and not as principal.

 

Section 2. Representations and Warranties by the Fund. The Fund represents, warrants to and agrees with the Distributor, as of the date hereof and as of each Offering Date and Settlement Date, that:

 

(a)        The Registration Statement (i) has been prepared by the Fund in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Investment Company Act in all material respects; (ii) has been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") under the Securities Act and the Investment Company Act; and (iii) heretofore became, and is, effective; the Registration Statement sets forth the terms of the offering, sale and plan of distribution of the Shares and contains additional information concerning the Fund and its business; no stop order of the Commission preventing or suspending the use of the Basic Prospectus (as defined herein), the Prospectus Supplement (as defined herein) or the Prospectus (as defined herein), or the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, has been issued, and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or, to the Fund's knowledge, have been threatened by the Commission. Except where the context otherwise requires, "Registration Statement," as used herein, means, collectively, the various parts of the registration statement, as amended at the time of effectiveness for purposes of Section 11 of the Securities Act (the "Effective Time"), as such section applies to the Distributor, including (1) all documents filed as a part thereof or incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein, and (2) any information contained or incorporated by reference in a prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, to the extent such information is deemed to be part of the registration statement at the Effective Time. "Basic Prospectus," as used herein, means the final prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement, including the related statement of additional information, together with any amendments or supplements thereto as of the date of this Agreement. Except where the context otherwise requires, "Prospectus Supplement," as used herein, means the final prospectus supplement, including the related statement of additional information, relating to the Shares, filed by the Fund with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, in the form furnished by the Fund to the Distributor in connection with the offering of the Shares. Except where the context otherwise requires, "Prospectus," as used herein, means the Prospectus Supplement together with the Basic Prospectus attached to or used with the Prospectus Supplement. Any reference herein to the registration statement, the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents, if any, incorporated by reference, or deemed to be incorporated by reference, therein.

 

(b)        The Fund is duly registered under the Investment Company Act as a closed-end management investment company. A notification of registration of the Fund as an investment company under the Investment Company Act on Form N-8A (the "Investment Company Act Notification") has been prepared by the Fund in conformity with the Investment Company Act and has been filed with the Commission and, at the time of filing thereof and at the time of filing any amendment or supplement thereto, conformed in all material respects with all applicable provisions of the Investment Company Act. The Fund has not received any notice in writing from the Commission pursuant to Section 8(e) of the Investment Company Act with respect to the Investment Company Act Notification or the Registration Statement (or any amendment or supplement to either of them). No person is serving or acting as an officer, Director (as defined below) or investment adviser or sub-adviser of the Fund except in accordance with the provisions of the Investment Company Act, provided that for purposes of the foregoing representation with respect to officers and the Board of Directors of the Fund (each a "Director," and together the "Board"), the Fund shall be entitled to rely on representations from such officers and Directors.

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(c)        The Registration Statement, the Investment Company Act Notification and the Prospectus, as from time to time amended or supplemented, each complied when it became effective or was filed (as the case may be), complies as of the date hereof and, as amended or supplemented, will comply, at each time of purchase of Shares in connection with the ATM offerings, and at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with any sale of Shares, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Investment Company Act; the Registration Statement did not, as of the Effective Time, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; at no time during the period that begins on the earlier of the date of the Basic Prospectus and the date the Basic Prospectus was filed with the Commission and ends at the later of the time of purchase of Shares in connection with the ATM offerings, and the end of the period during which a prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with any sale of Shares did or will the Prospectus, as from time to time amended or supplemented, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Fund does not make any representation or warranty with respect to any statement contained in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by the Distributor or any sub-placement agents, or on the Distributor's or any sub-placement agent's behalf, to the Fund expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (the "Agent Provided Information").

 

(d)        The financial statements incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly in all material respects the financial position of the Fund as of the dates indicated and the results of operations, cash flows and changes in shareholders' equity of the Fund for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act, the Investment Company Act and the Exchange Act, and in conformity in all material respects with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved; the other financial and statistical data contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus are accurately and fairly presented, in all material respects, and prepared on a basis consistent with the financial statements and books and records of the Fund in all material respects; there are no financial statements that are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus by the Securities Act, the Investment Company Act or the Exchange Act that are not included or incorporated by reference as required; and the Fund does not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), not described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto).

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(e)        As of the date of this Agreement, the Fund has an authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus and the Prospectus and, with respect to any issuance and sale under this Agreement, the Fund shall have as of the date of the most recent amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus, an authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; all of the issued and outstanding Common Shares have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable, have been issued in material compliance with all applicable securities laws and were not issued in violation of any preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right.

 

(f)         The Fund has been duly formed, has legal existence as a corporation and is in good standing under the laws of Maryland, with full power and authority to own, lease and operate and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus and the Prospectus and to issue, sell and deliver the Shares as contemplated herein. The Fund is duly qualified to do business as a foreign entity and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified and in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business, properties, financial condition or results of operations of the Fund.

 

(g)        The Shares have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free of statutory and contractual preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal and similar rights; the Shares, when issued and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be free of any restriction upon the voting or transfer thereof pursuant to the Fund's Articles of Amendment and Restatement and By-Laws or any agreement or other instrument to which the Fund is a party. The Common Shares, including the Shares, conform in all material respects to the description thereof, if any, contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus; and the certificates for the Shares, if any, are in due and proper form.

 

(h)        The Fund is in material compliance with the rules of the New York Stock Exchange (the "Stock Exchange"), including, without limitation, the requirements for continued listing of the Shares on the Stock Exchange and the Fund has not received any written notice from the Stock Exchange regarding the delisting of the Shares from the Stock Exchange. The Shares will be duly listed, and admitted and authorized for trading, subject to official notice of issuance, on the Stock Exchange.

 

(i)         No approval, authorization, consent or order of or filing with any federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory commission, board, body, authority or agency, or of or with any self-regulatory organization or other non-governmental regulatory authority (including, without limitation, the Stock Exchange), or approval of the shareholders of the Fund that has not already been obtained, is required in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares or the consummation by the Fund of the transactions contemplated hereby, other than (i) the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act, which has been effected, (ii) the listing of the Shares with the Stock Exchange, upon official notice of issuance, (iii) any necessary qualification under the securities or blue sky laws of the various jurisdictions in which the Shares are being offered by the Fund or (iv) any necessary qualification pursuant to the rules of FINRA.

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Section 3. Duties of the Fund.

 

(a)        The Fund shall take, from time to time, but subject always to any necessary approval of the Board or of its shareholders, all necessary action to fix the number of authorized Common Shares, to the end that the Fund will have a number of authorized but unissued Common Shares at least equal to the number of Common Shares available for sale pursuant to this Agreement.

 

(b)        For purposes of the ATM offering of Shares, the Fund will furnish to the Distributor and any sub-placement agents copies of its most recent amendment to its Registration Statement, its most recent Prospectus and all amendments and supplements thereto, and other documentation the Distributor may reasonably request for use in the ATM offering of Shares. The Distributor and the sub-placement agents are authorized to furnish to prospective investors only such information concerning the Fund and the ATM offering as may be contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Fund's publicly available formation documents, or any other documents (including sales material), that are expressly approved by the Fund for such purpose.

 

(c)        The Fund shall furnish to the Distributor copies of all financial statements of the Fund which the Distributor may reasonably request for use in connection with its duties hereunder, and this shall include, upon request by the Distributor, one certified copy of all financial statements prepared for the Fund by independent public accountants.

 

(d)        The Fund shall use its best efforts to qualify and maintain, to the extent required by applicable law, the qualification of Shares for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Distributor and the Fund may approve, provided that the Fund shall not be required in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or dealer in securities or to file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction or meet any other requirement in connection with this Section 3(d) deemed by the Fund to be unduly burdensome. Any such qualification may be withheld, terminated or withdrawn by the Fund at any time in its discretion. The expense of qualification and maintenance of qualification shall be borne by the Fund. The Distributor shall furnish such information and other material relating to its affairs and activities as may be required by the Fund in connection with such qualification.

 

(e)        The Fund will furnish, in reasonable quantities upon request by the Distributor, copies of its annual and semi-annual reports.

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(f)         The Fund will furnish the Distributor with such other documents as it may reasonably require, from time to time, for the purpose of enabling it to perform its duties as contemplated by this Agreement.

 

Section 4. Duties of the Distributor.

 

(a)        The Distributor shall use its best efforts to perform its duties hereunder. The services of the Distributor to the Fund hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive and nothing herein contained shall prevent the Distributor from entering into like arrangements with other investment companies so long as the performance of its obligations with respect to the Fund hereunder is not impaired thereby.

 

(b)        In performing its duties hereunder, the Distributor shall comply with the requirements of all applicable laws relating to the sale of securities in all material respects. Neither the Distributor nor any sub-placement agent having an agreement to offer and sell Shares pursuant to Section 5 hereof nor any other person is authorized by the Fund to give any information or to make any representations, other than those contained in its Registration Statement, Prospectus and any sales literature specifically approved for such use by the Fund.

 

(c)        The Distributor shall review and file with FINRA as applicable, all sales literature (advertisements, brochures and shareholder communications) prepared in connection with the ATM offerings for the Fund.

 

(d)        The Distributor agrees to supply the following additional services, either on its own or in conjunction with the Fund’s other service providers, including but not limited to the Adviser or Subadviser, together with such other services as set forth throughout this Agreement:

 

1.handling inquiries from sub-placement agents regarding the Fund;

 

2.assisting in the enhancement of communications between sub-placement agents and the Fund;

 

3.communicating the Minimum Price or Minimum Sales Price to any sub-placement agents and instructing any sub-placement agents not to sell Shares if such sales cannot be effected at or above the Minimum Price or the Minimum Sales Price;

 

4.communicating the maximum amount of Shares to be sold on any Offering Date to any sub-placement agents;

 

5.notifying any sub-placement agents of any suspension or termination of the ATM offering of Shares, together with any corresponding resumption of the ATM offering of Shares;

 

6.coordinating delivery of any Shares sold through sub-placement agents to such sub-placement agents on the Settlement Date against payment of the gross sales proceeds for the sale of such Shares, less any applicable sub-placement agent selling commission;

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7.delivering the Fund's Prospectus to any sub-placement agents;

 

8.identifying potential sub-placement agents;

 

9.monitoring the performance of sub-placement agents;

 

10.providing any necessary reconciliation, accounting and recordkeeping services in respect of the ATM offerings of Shares, including with respect to the underwriting compensation paid by the Fund to the Distributor in respect thereof; and

 

11.providing such other information, assistance and services as may be reasonably requested by the Fund.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, the Distributor shall not sell any shares of the Fund directly to any investors.

 

(e)        The Distributor shall report to the Board at least quarterly, or more frequently, as requested by the Board, regarding: (i) the nature of the services provided by the Distributor hereunder; (ii) the amount of compensation sub-placement agents, if any, are entitled to retain or be paid by the Distributor; and (iii) the aggregate amount of underwriting compensation paid by the Fund to the Distributor in respect of the ATM offerings of Shares.

 

(f)         The Distributor represents and warrants to the Fund that it has all necessary licenses to perform the services contemplated hereunder and will perform such services in compliance with all applicable rules and regulations.

 

Section 5. Agreements with Sub-Placement Agents.

 

(a)        The Distributor may enter into Sub-Placement Agent Agreements, on such terms and conditions as the Distributor determines are not inconsistent with this Agreement, with sub-placement agents to act as the Distributor's agents to effect the sale of the Shares in the ATM offerings. Such sub-placement agents shall sell Shares only at market prices subject to the Minimum Price and the Minimum Sales Price. This Agreement shall not be construed as authorizing any dealer or other person to accept orders for sale on the Fund's behalf or to otherwise act as the Fund's agent for any purpose. The Distributor shall not be responsible for the acts of other dealers or agents except as and to the extent that they shall be acting for the Distributor or under the Distributor's direction or authority.

 

(b)        The Distributor shall offer and sell Shares only through such sub-placement agents who are acting as brokers or dealers who are registered as broker-dealers under the provisions of the Exchange Act and members in good standing of FINRA and who agree to abide by the rules of FINRA.

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(c)        The Distributor shall obtain assurance, reasonably satisfactory to the Fund, from any sub-placement agents which it engages of the compliance by such sub-placement agents with the terms of this Agreement, applicable federal and state securities laws and the rules of FINRA.

 

Section 6. Sales Commission; Compensation.

 

(a)        The Fund shall pay the Distributor an amount equal to 1.00% of the gross sales price per Share of the Shares sold.

 

(b)        The Distributor shall pay to the sub-placement agents the sub-placement agent commissions agreed to between the Distributor and such sub-placement agents, or may authorize such sub-placement agents to retain such sub-placement agent commissions from the gross sales proceeds from the sale of such Shares, which shall be payable from the commissions payable to the Distributor under Section 6(a) hereof.

 

(c)        The Fund hereby represents and warrants to the Distributor that (i) the terms of this Agreement, (ii) the fees and expenses associated with this Agreement, and (iii) any benefits accruing to the Distributor or to the Adviser, the Subadviser or sponsor or another affiliate of the Fund in connection with this Agreement, which the Fund has agreed to pay, including but not limited to any fee waivers, conversion cost reimbursements, up-front payments, signing payments or periodic payments relating to this Agreement have been fully disclosed to the Board and that, if required by applicable law, the Board has approved or will approve the terms of this Agreement, any such fees and expenses, and any such benefits.

 

Section 7. Payment of Expenses.

 

(a)        The Fund shall bear all of its own costs and expenses, including fees and disbursements of its counsel and auditors, in connection with the preparation of its Prospectus, Statement of Additional Information, if any, the preparation and filing of any required registration statements under the Securities Act and/or the Investment Company Act, and all amendments and supplements thereto, and in connection with any fees and expenses incurred with respect to any filing requirements of FINRA and preparing and mailing annual and interim reports and proxy materials to shareholders (including but not limited to the expense of setting in type any such Registration Statement, Prospectus, interim reports or proxy materials).

 

(b)        The Fund shall bear any cost and expenses of qualification of the Shares for sale pursuant to this Agreement.

 

(c)        The Distributor shall bear all expenses incurred by it in connection with its duties and activities under this Agreement, including the compensation of sub-placement agents for sales of the Fund's Shares, provided that it shall pay such sub-placement agents only for so long as and to the extent that it receives such compensation from the Fund, and fees and expenses of Distributor's counsel (except for any FINRA filing fees or "blue sky" fees paid on behalf of the Fund or the Distributor by such counsel).

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Section 8. Limitation of Liability; Indemnification.

 

(a)        The Distributor shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the matters to which this Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under this Agreement. The Distributor shall not be liable for any damages arising out of any action or omission to act by any prior service provider of the Fund or for any failure to discover any such error or omission (provided that this sentence shall not apply where the Distributor was the prior service provider). Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Distributor shall not be liable for damages occurring directly or indirectly by reason of circumstances beyond its reasonable control.

 

(b)        The Fund agrees that it will indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Distributor, its several officers, and directors, and any person who controls the Distributor within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, from and against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which the Distributor, its several officers, and directors, and any person who controls the Distributor within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, may become subject under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) (i) arise out of, or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectuses or in any application or other document executed by or on behalf of the Fund or are based upon information furnished by or on behalf of the Fund filed in any state in order to qualify the Shares under the securities or blue sky laws thereof ("Blue Sky Application") or arise out of, or are based upon, the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; or (ii) arise out of, or are based upon, any breach of the representations, warranties or covenants of the Fund contained in this Agreement; provided, however, that the Fund shall not be liable in any case to the extent that such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of, or is based upon, any untrue statement, alleged untrue statement, or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Blue Sky Application with respect to the Fund in reliance upon and in conformity with any information furnished in writing by the Distributor, or on the Distributor's behalf, to the Fund expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or arising out of the failure of the Distributor to deliver a current Prospectus.

 

(c)        The Distributor will indemnify and hold harmless the Fund and its several officers and Directors, and any person who controls the Fund within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, from and against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which any of them may become subject under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Blue Sky Application, or arise out of, or are based upon, the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, which statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Fund or any of its several officers by or on behalf of the Distributor specifically for inclusion therein, and will reimburse the Fund and its several officers, Directors and such controlling persons for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by any of them in investigating, defending or preparing to defend any such action, proceeding or claim.

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(d)        At the request and direction of the Fund, the Distributor enters into Sub-Placement Agent Agreements. The Distributor will not be obligated to make payments to any such Sub-Placement Agent unless the Distributor has received an authorized payment from the Fund. In addition, to the extent that the Distributor is requested or required by the Fund to enter into Sub-Placement Agent Agreements, the Distributor and each of its affiliates, members, shareholders, directors, officers, partners, employees, agents, successors or assigns (“Distributor Associates”) shall not be liable to the Fund for any action or inaction of any Distributor Associate except to the extent of direct Losses1 finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted solely from the gross negligence, willful misconduct or fraud of the Distributor in the performance of the Distributor’s duties, obligations, representations, warranties or indemnities under a Sub-Placement Agent Agreement. Under no circumstances shall Distributor Associates be liable for Losses that are indirect, special, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary or enhanced or that represent lost profits, opportunity costs or diminution of value. The Fund shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Distributor Associates from and against Losses (including legal fees and costs to enforce this provision) that Distributor Associates suffer, incur, or pay as a result of any third-party claim or claim among the parties arising out of the subject matter of or otherwise in any way related to a Sub-Placement Agent Agreement (“Claims”). Any expenses (including legal fees and costs) incurred by Distributor Associates in defending or responding to any Claims (or in enforcing this provision) shall be paid by the Fund on a quarterly basis prior to the final disposition of such matter upon receipt by the Fund of an undertaking by the Distributor to repay such amount if it shall be determined that a Distributor Associate is not entitled to be indemnified. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing contained in this paragraph or elsewhere in this Agreement shall constitute a waiver by the Fund of any of its legal rights available under U.S. federal securities laws or any other laws whose applicability is not permitted to be contractually waived.

 

(e)        An indemnified person under this Section 8 (the "Indemnified Party") shall give written notice to the other party (the "Indemnifying Party") of any loss, damage, expense, liability or claim in respect of which the Indemnifying Party has a duty to indemnify such Indemnified Party under Section 8(b) or (c) hereof (a "Claim"), specifying in reasonable detail the nature of the loss, damage, expense, liability or claim for which indemnification is sought, except that any delay or failure so to notify such Indemnifying Party shall only relieve such Indemnifying Party of its obligations hereunder to the extent, if at all, that such Indemnifying Party is actually prejudiced by reason of such delay or failure.

 

(f)         If a Claim results from any action, suit or proceeding brought or asserted against an Indemnified Party, the Indemnifying Party shall assume the defense thereof, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party and the payment of all fees and expenses. The Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in such action, suit or proceeding and participate in such defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such separate counsel shall be at the expense of the Indemnified Party unless (i) the Indemnifying Party has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses, (ii) the Indemnifying Party has failed within a reasonable time to assume the defense and employ counsel or (iii) the named parties to any such action, suit or proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both such Indemnified Party and Indemnifying Party and such Indemnified Party shall have been advised by its counsel that representation of such Indemnified Party and Indemnifying Party by the same counsel would be inappropriate under applicable standards of professional conduct (whether or not such representation by the same counsel has been proposed) due to actual or potential differing interests between the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnified Party (in which case the Indemnifying Party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such action, suit or proceeding on behalf of such Indemnified Party). It is understood, however, that the Indemnifying Party shall, in connection with any one action, suit or proceeding or separate but substantially similar or related actions, suits or proceedings in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances be liable for the reasonable fees and expenses of only one separate firm of attorneys (in addition to any local counsel) at any time for all such Indemnified Parties not having actual or potential differing interests with the Indemnifying Party or among themselves, which firm shall be designated in writing by an authorized representative of such parties and that all such fees and expenses shall be reimbursed promptly as they are incurred. The Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any settlement of any such action, suit or proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such written consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff in any such action, suit or proceeding, the Indemnifying Party agrees to indemnify and hold harmless any Indemnified Party from and against any loss, liability, damage or expense by reason by such settlement or judgment.

 

 

1As used in this paragraph, the term “Losses” means any and all compensatory, direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, enhanced or other damages, settlement payments, attorneys’ fees, costs, damages, charges, expenses, interest, applicable taxes or other losses of any kind.

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(g)        With respect to any Claim not within Section 8(e) hereof, the Indemnifying Party shall have twenty (20) days from receipt of notice from the Indemnified Party of such Claim within which to respond thereto. If the Indemnifying Party does not respond within such twenty-day period, it shall be deemed to have accepted responsibility to make payment and shall have no further right to contest the validity of such Claim. If the Indemnifying Party notifies the Indemnified Party within such twenty-day period that it rejects such Claim in whole or in part, the Indemnified Party shall be free to pursue such remedies as may be available to the Indemnified Party under applicable law.

 

(h)        If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is unavailable to an Indemnified Party or insufficient to hold an Indemnified Party harmless in respect of any losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims referred to therein, then each applicable Indemnifying Party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect (i) the relative benefits received by the Indemnified Party, on the one hand, and the Indemnifying Party, on the other hand, from the offering of the Shares; or (ii) if, but only if, the allocation provided for in clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) but also the relative fault of the Indemnified Party, on the one hand, and of the Indemnifying Party, on the other, in connection with any statements or omissions or other matters which resulted in such losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the parties hereto shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission relates to information supplied by such party, on one hand, or by the other party, on the other hand, and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The amount paid or payable by a party hereto as a result of the losses, damages, expenses, liabilities and claims referred to in this subsection shall be deemed to include any legal or other fees or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending any proceeding. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 8 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in this Section 8(g). No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

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(i)         Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Section 8, no party shall be entitled to indemnification or contribution under this Agreement against any loss, claim, liability, expense or damage arising by reason of such person's willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties hereunder or by reason of such person's reckless disregard of such person's obligations and duties thereunder.

 

(j)         The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section 8 and the covenants, warranties and representations of the parties contained in this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Fund, its, Directors or officers or any person (including each officer or Director of such person) who controls the Fund within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, or by or on behalf of the Distributor, its directors or officers or any person who controls the Distributor within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and shall survive any termination of this Agreement or the issuance and delivery of the Shares.

 

(k)        IN NO EVENT WILL ANY PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT BE LIABLE TO ANY OTHER PERSON OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES.

 

Section 9. Duration and Termination of this Agreement.

 

(a)        This Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by the Fund or by the Distributor, on sixty days' written notice to the other party.

 

(b)        Unless earlier terminated pursuant to Section 9(a) hereof, this Agreement shall automatically terminate upon the issuance and sale of all of the Shares through the Distributor or any sub-placement agents on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.

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(c)        This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to Sections 9(a) or 9(b) hereof.

 

(d)        Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; provided that such termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the other party. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Shares, such Shares shall settle in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

 

Section 10. Amendments of this Agreement. This Agreement may be amended by the parties only pursuant to a written instrument executed by the Fund and the Distributor.

 

Section 11. Governing Law. This Agreement and any claim, counterclaim or dispute of any kind or nature whatsoever arising out of or in any way relating to this Agreement, directly or indirectly, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York. To the extent that the applicable law of the State of New York, or any of the provisions herein, conflict with the applicable provisions of the Investment Company Act, the latter shall control.

 

Section 12. Waiver of Jury Trial. EACH OF THE FUND (ON ITS BEHALF AND, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ON BEHALF OF ITS AFFILIATES) AND THE DISTRIBUTOR (ON ITS BEHALF AND, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ON BEHALF OF ITS MEMBERS AND AFFILIATES) WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED UPON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE) IN ANY WAY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT.

 

Section 13. Miscellaneous.

 

(a)        The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.

 

(b)        This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute, rule or otherwise, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby.

 

(c)        This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and the officers, and directors, and controlling persons referred to in Section 8 hereof. Neither party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party.

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(d)        The parties acknowledge and agree that all share related numbers contained in this Agreement shall be adjusted to take into account any stock split, stock dividend or similar event effected with respect to the Shares.

 

(e)        The terms "affiliated person" and "interested person," when used in this Agreement, shall have the respective meanings specified in the Investment Company Act.

 

Section 14. Proprietary and Confidential Information. The Distributor agrees on behalf of itself and its employees to treat confidentially and as proprietary information of the Fund all records and other information relative to the Fund and prior, present or potential shareholders, and not to use such records and information for any purpose other than performance of its responsibilities and duties hereunder, except after prior notification to and approval in writing by the Fund, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld and shall not be required where the Distributor may be exposed to civil or criminal contempt proceedings for failure to comply, when requested to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities, or when so requested by the Fund. The provisions of this Section 14 shall survive termination of this Agreement.

 

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, each party hereto agrees that: (i) any Nonpublic Personal Information, as defined under Section 248.3(t) of Regulation S-P ("Regulation S-P"), promulgated under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the "Act"), disclosed by a party hereunder is for the specific purpose of permitting the other party to perform the services set forth in this Agreement, and (ii) with respect to such information, each party will comply with Regulation S-P and the Act and will not disclose any Nonpublic Personal Information received in connection with this Agreement to any other party, except to the extent as necessary to carry out the services set forth in this Agreement or as otherwise permitted by Regulation S-P or the Act.

 

Section 15. Notices. All communications hereunder will be in writing and effective only on receipt, and will be mailed, delivered or emailed and confirmed to:

 

If to the Distributor:

 

ALPS Distributors, Inc.

1290 Broadway, Suite 1000

Denver, Colorado 80203

Attention: Stephen Kyllo

Email: stephen.kyllo@sscinc.com

 

If to the Fund:

 

RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc.

c/o RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC

360 South Rosemary Avenue, Suite 1420

West Palm Beach, FL 33401

Attention: Marcus L. Collins, Esq.

Email: MCollins@rivernorth.com

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[The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written. This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in any number of counterparts, all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

  RIVERNORTH FLEXIBLE MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND, INC.  
       
  By: /s/ Patrick Galley  
  Name: Patrick Galley  
  Title: President and Chairman of the Board  
       
  ALPS DISTRIBUTORS, INC.  
       
  By: /s/ Stephen Kyllo  
  Name: Stephen Kyllo  
  Title: SVP & Director  
EX-99.25 3 fp0084856-4_ex99252h2.htm

 

SUB-PLACEMENT AGENT AGREEMENT
ALPS Distributors, Inc.

 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000

Denver, CO 80203

 

August 24, 2023

 

UBS Securities LLC

1285 Avenue of the Americas

New York, New York 10019

 

RE:At-the-Market Offerings by RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc.

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

From time to time ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the "Distributor", "we" or "us") will act as manager of registered at-the-market offerings by RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the "Fund"), of up to 3,000,000 shares (the "Shares") of common stock, $0.0001 par value, of the Fund (the "Common Shares"). In the case of such offerings, the Fund has agreed with the Distributor to issue and sell through the Distributor, as sales agent, the Shares (the "Distribution Agreement").

 

We hereby agree to retain UBS Securities LLC (the "Agent" or "you") as a sub-placement agent with respect to the offerings of the Shares to be issued and sold by the Fund (the "Offerings") as the Fund and the Distributor may indicate from time to time, and you agree to act in such capacity, all upon, and subject to, the terms and conditions set forth below:

 

SECTION 1. Description of Offerings.

 

(a)       The Shares are to be sold on a daily basis or otherwise as shall be determined by the Fund together with the Distributor or the Agent on any day (each, an "Offering Date") that is a trading day for the exchange on which the Fund's Shares are listed and primarily trade (the "Stock Exchange") (other than a day on which the Stock Exchange is scheduled to close prior to its regular weekday closing time). Promptly after the Fund together with the Distributor or the Agent have determined the maximum amount of the Shares to be distributed by the Distributor for any Offering Date, which shall not in any event exceed the amount available for issuance under the currently effective Registration Statement (as defined herein) (the "Maximum Daily Amount"), and the minimum price per Share below which the Shares may not be sold by the Agent on any Offering Date (the "Minimum Daily Price"), the Distributor and/or the Fund’s investment adviser, RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC, or subadviser, MacKay Shields LLC, shall advise the Agent of the Maximum Daily Amount and the Minimum Daily Price. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Agent shall use its reasonable best efforts to sell all of the Shares designated in accordance with the plan of distribution set forth in the Prospectus Supplement (as defined herein); provided, however, that in no event shall the Agent sell Shares in excess of the Maximum Daily Amount or for a price per Share below the Minimum Daily Price. The gross sales price of the Shares sold under this Section 1(a) shall be the market price at which the Agent sells such Shares.

 

(b)       Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Distributor or the Fund may instruct the Agent by telephone (confirmed promptly by e-mail or other electronic means) of a revised Minimum Daily Price and/or a revised Maximum Daily Amount and the Agent shall not sell Shares for a price per Share below such revised Minimum Daily Price, or in a quantity in excess of such revised Maximum Daily Amount, after the giving of such notice. In addition, the Distributor or the Fund may, upon notice to the Agent by telephone (confirmed promptly by e-mail or other electronic means), suspend the offering of the Shares at any time; provided, however, that such suspension or termination shall not affect or impair the parties' respective obligations with respect to the Shares sold hereunder prior to the giving of such notice.

 

 

(c)       The Agent agrees not to make any sales of the Shares pursuant to this Section 1, other than through transactions for which compliance with Rule 153 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), will satisfy the prospectus delivery requirements of Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act.

 

(d)       The compensation to the Agent, as a sub-placement agent for each sale of the Shares pursuant to this Section 1, shall be the Applicable Selling Agent Commission (as set forth on the Addendum hereto) with respect to the Shares sold, multiplied by the Gross Sales Proceeds (as defined in the Addendum attached hereto) (the "Agent Compensation"), as further described in the Addendum to this Sub-Placement Agent Agreement (the "Agreement"). The Agent shall not be responsible for any fees imposed by any governmental or self-regulatory organization on the Fund or the Distributor in respect of such sales. The Distributor may pay the Agent Compensation to the Agent, or may authorize the Agent to retain the Agent Compensation from the Gross Sales Proceeds. The Agent Compensation shall be payable solely out of the compensation the Distributor receives from the Fund pursuant to the Distribution Agreement (the "Related Compensation"). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any other provision of this Agreement (or, for the avoidance of doubt, in the Addendum hereto), the Distributor shall have no obligation to pay any portion of the Agent Compensation to the Agent, or authorize the retention by the Agent of any portion of the Agent Compensation from the Gross Sales Proceeds, until the Distributor receives at least an equivalent amount of Related Compensation, and the Distributor's obligation to the Agent for the Agent Compensation is limited solely to amounts payable out of the Related Compensation.

 

(e)       The Agent shall provide written confirmation to the Distributor following the close of trading on the Stock Exchange on each Offering Date setting forth for each sale the number of Shares sold, the time of sale, the Gross Sales Price (as defined in the Addendum attached hereto) per Share, and the compensation that the Agent is owed with respect to such sales.

 

(f)       Settlement for sales of the Shares pursuant to this Section 1 will occur on the second business day following the date on which such sales are made (each such day, a "Settlement Date"). On each Settlement Date, the Shares sold through the Agent for settlement on such date shall be delivered by the Fund at the request of the Distributor to the Agent against payment of (i) the Gross Sales Proceeds for the sale of such Shares or (ii) to the extent authorized by the Distributor, the Gross Sales Proceeds, less the Related Compensation. If the Agent is authorized by the Distributor to retain the Agent Compensation from the Gross Sales Proceeds for the sale of the Shares, then the Agent shall (i) pay to the Distributor an amount equal to the Related Compensation minus the Agent Compensation in same day funds delivered to the account(s) designated by the Distributor and (ii) remit to the Fund the Gross Sales Proceeds, less the Related Compensation. If the Distributor shall default on its obligation to deliver the Shares on any Settlement Date, subject to the terms of Section 5 herein, the Distributor shall (A) hold the Agent harmless against any reasonable loss, claim or damage arising from or as a result of such default by the Distributor and (B) pay the Agent any commission to which it would otherwise be entitled absent such default. If the Agent breaches this Agreement by failing to deliver proceeds on any Settlement Date for the Shares delivered by the Distributor, subject to the terms of Section 5 herein, the Agent shall (A) hold the Distributor harmless against any reasonable loss, claim or damage arising from or as a result of such default by the Agent, (B) deliver such proceeds to the Distributor as soon as practicable and (C) pay the Distributor interest based on the effective overnight Federal Funds rate.

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(g)       In connection with this Agreement and the Offerings, the Distributor shall, no more than once per calendar quarter in which the Fund and the Distributor have requested, or anticipate requesting, that the Agent sell Shares pursuant to an Offering, provide to the Agent such certificates and other documents, in any case, as the Agent may reasonably request upon reasonable notice (but in no event upon notice of less than five business days) relating to authorization, capacity, enforceability and compliance matters. Any such certifications shall be made as of the end of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the calendar quarter in which such request by the Agent is made.

 

(h)       In connection with this Agreement and the Offerings, the Agent will promptly notify the Distributor of any material non-confidential claim or complaint, any material enforcement action or other material proceeding by a regulatory authority with respect to the Fund, the Shares or the Offerings against or directed at or to the Agent or its principals, affiliates, officers, directors, employees or agents, or any person who controls the Agent, within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act.

 

(i)        In connection with this Agreement and the Offerings, the Agent will promptly notify the Distributor of any examination by any regulatory agency or self-regulatory organization that has resulted in a material compliance deficiency in connection with the Offerings.

 

SECTION 2. Representations and Warranties by the Distributor. The Distributor represents, warrants to and agrees with the Agent, as of the date hereof and as of each Offering Date and Settlement Date, that:

 

(a)        Based upon the representations made by the Fund to the Distributor in the Distribution Agreement, a registration statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-260484 and 811-23481) (the "Registration Statement") (i) has been prepared by the Fund in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Securities Act") and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "1940 Act") in all material respects; (ii) has been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") under the Securities Act and the 1940 Act; and (ii) heretofore became, and is, effective; the Registration Statement sets forth the terms of the offering, sale and plan of distribution of the Shares and contains additional information concerning the Fund and its business; no stop order of the Commission preventing or suspending the use of the Basic Prospectus (as defined herein), the Prospectus Supplement (as defined herein) or the Prospectus (as defined herein), or the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, has been issued, and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or, to the Fund's knowledge, have been threatened by the Commission. Except where the context otherwise requires, "Registration Statement," as used herein, means, collectively, the various parts of the registration statement, as amended at the time of effectiveness for purposes of Section 11 of the Securities Act (the "Effective Time"), as such section applies to the Distributor, including (1) all documents filed as a part thereof or incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein, and (2) any information contained or incorporated by reference in a prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, to the extent such information is deemed to be part of the registration statement at the Effective Time. "Basic Prospectus," as used herein, means the final prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement, including the related statement of additional information, together with any amendments or supplements thereto as of the date of the Agreement. Except where the context otherwise requires, "Prospectus Supplement," as used herein, means the final prospectus supplement, including the related statement of additional information, relating to the Shares, filed by the Fund with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, in the form furnished by the Fund to the Distributor in connection with the offering of the Shares. Except where the context otherwise requires, "Prospectus," as used herein, means the Prospectus Supplement together with the Basic Prospectus attached to or used with the Prospectus Supplement. Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents, if any, incorporated by reference, or deemed to be incorporated by reference, therein.

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(b)       Based upon the representations made by the Fund to the Distributor in the Distribution Agreement, (i) the Fund is duly registered under the 1940 Act as a closed-end management investment company; (ii) a notification of registration of the Fund as an investment company under the 1940 Act on Form N-8A (the "1940 Act Notification") has been prepared by the Fund in conformity with the 1940 Act and has been filed with the Commission and, at the time of filing thereof and at the time of filing any amendment or supplement thereto, conformed in all material respects with all applicable provisions of the 1940 Act; (iii) the Fund has not received any notice in writing from the Commission pursuant to Section 8(f) of the 1940 Act with respect to the 1940 Act Notification or the Registration Statement (or any amendment or supplement to either of them); and (iv) no person is serving or acting as an officer, director or investment adviser or subadviser of the Fund except in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act, provided that for purposes of the foregoing representation with respect to officers and directors of the Fund, the Fund shall be entitled to rely on representations from such officers and directors.

 

(c)       Based upon the representations made by the Fund to the Distributor in the Distribution Agreement, the Registration Statement, the 1940 Act Notification and the Prospectus, as from time to time amended or supplemented, each complied when it became effective or was filed (as the case may be), complies as of the date hereof and, as amended or supplemented, will comply, at each time of purchase of Shares in connection with each Offering, and at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with any sale of Shares, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Securities Act and the 1940 Act; the Registration Statement did not, as of the Effective Time, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; at no time during the period that begins on the earlier of the date of the Basic Prospectus and the date the Basic Prospectus was filed with the Commission and ends at the later of each time of purchase of Shares in connection with each Offering, and the end of the period during which a prospectus is required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with any sale of Shares, did or will the Prospectus, as from time to time amended or supplemented, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Distributor does not make any representation or warranty with respect to any statement contained in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by the Agent or on the Agent's behalf to the Distributor or the Fund expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (the "Agent Provided Information"). The Agent confirms that (i) the Agent's name on the front cover and under the headings "Prospectus Supplement Summary" and "Plan of Distribution" in the Prospectus Supplement and (ii) the tenth paragraph and the second sentence in the eleventh paragraph under the heading "Plan of Distribution" in the Prospectus Supplement was the only information furnished in writing to the Distributor or the Fund by or on behalf of the Agent expressly for use in the Registration Statement or Prospectus.

 

(d)       Based upon the representations made by the Fund to the Distributor in the Distribution Agreement, the financial statements incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly in all materials respects the financial position of the Fund as of the dates indicated and the results of operations, cash flows and changes in shareholders' equity of the Fund for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act, the 1940 Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and in conformity in all material respects with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved; the other financial and statistical data contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus are accurately and fairly presented, in all material respects, and prepared on a basis consistent with the financial statements and books and records of the Fund in all material respects; there are no financial statements that are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus by the Securities Act, the 1940 Act or the Exchange Act that are not included or incorporated by reference as required; and the Fund does not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), not described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto).

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(e)       Based upon the representations made by the Fund to the Distributor in the Distribution Agreement, as of the date of this Agreement, the Fund has an authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus and the Prospectus and, with respect to any issuance and sale under this Agreement, the Fund shall have as of the date of the most recent amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus, an authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; all of the issued and outstanding Common Shares have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable, have been issued in material compliance with all applicable securities laws and were not issued in violation of any preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right.

 

(f)       Based upon the representations made by the Fund to the Distributor in the Distribution Agreement, (i) the Fund has been duly formed, has legal existence as a corporation and is in good standing under the laws of Maryland, with full power and authority to own, lease and operate and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus and the Prospectus and to issue, sell and deliver the Shares as contemplated herein; and (ii) the Fund is duly qualified to do business as a foreign entity and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified and in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business, properties, financial condition or results of operations of the Fund.

 

(g)       Based upon the representations made by the Fund to the Distributor in the Distribution Agreement, (i) the Shares have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free of statutory and contractual preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal and similar rights; (ii) the Shares, when issued and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be free of any restriction upon the voting or transfer thereof pursuant to the Fund's Articles of Amendment and Restatement or By-Laws or any agreement or other instrument to which the Fund is a party; (iii) the Common Shares, including the Shares, conform in all material respects to the description thereof, if any, contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus; (iv) the certificates for the Shares, if any, are in due and proper form; (v) the Fund is in material compliance with the rules of the Stock Exchange, including, without limitation, the requirements for continued listing of the Common Shares on the Stock Exchange and the Fund has not received any written notice from the Stock Exchange regarding the delisting of the Common Shares from the Stock Exchange; and (vi) the Shares will be duly listed, and admitted and authorized for trading, subject to official notice of issuance, on the Stock Exchange.

 

(h)       The Distributor has full corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Distributor. Assuming due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Agent, this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Distributor and is enforceable against the Distributor in accordance with its terms, except as the enforceability hereof and thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and moratorium laws in effect from time to time and by equitable principles restricting the availability of equitable remedies.

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(i)       Based upon the representations made by the Fund to the Distributor in the Distribution Agreement, no approval, authorization, consent or order of or filing with any federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory commission, board, body, authority or agency, or of or with any self-regulatory organization or other non-governmental regulatory authority (including, without limitation, the Stock Exchange), or approval of the shareholders of the Fund that has not already been obtained, is required in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares or the consummation by the Fund of the transactions contemplated hereby, other than (i) the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act, which has been effected, (ii) the listing of the Shares with the Stock Exchange, upon official notice of issuance, (iii) any necessary qualification under the securities or blue sky laws of the various jurisdictions in which the Shares are being offered through the Agent or (iv) any necessary qualification pursuant to the rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA").

 

SECTION 3. Representations and Warranties by the Agent. The Agent represents, warrants to and agrees with the Distributor, as of the date hereof and as of each Offering Date and Settlement Date, that:

 

(a)       The Agent has full corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Agent. Assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Distributor, this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Agent and is enforceable against the Agent in accordance with its terms, except as the enforceability hereof and thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and moratorium laws in effect from time to time and by equitable principles restricting the availability of equitable remedies.

 

(b)       The Agent Provided Information is or will be complete and accurate in all material respects and does not or will not, as from time to time amended or supplemented, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

(c)       The Agent has adopted and implemented written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violation of federal and state securities laws, including policies and procedures that provide oversight of compliance by each registered representative of the Agent.

 

(d)       To the extent applicable, the Agent shall file with FINRA necessary documents in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110 (Corporate Financing Rule-Underwriting Terms and Arrangements).

 

SECTION 4. Additional Covenants.

 

(a)       The Agent hereby confirms that it is actually engaged in the investment banking and securities business and is a member in good standing with FINRA and hereby agrees that it will undertake to comply with all applicable FINRA rules (as amended from time to time, including without limitation, any successor provision) in connection with acting as sub-placement agent for the sale of the Shares. The Agent further agrees that in acting as sub-placement agent for the sale of the Shares, it will comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations, including the applicable provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and the applicable rules and regulations of any state or any securities exchange or self-regulatory organization having jurisdiction over the relevant Offering.

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(b)       The Agent hereby agrees that in acting as sub-placement agent for the sale of the Shares, it will not use, authorize use of, refer to, or participate in the planning for use of any written communication (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) concerning any Offering, other than the Prospectus. The Agent further agrees that in acting as sub-placement agent for the sale of the Shares, it is not authorized by the Distributor or the Fund or any other seller of the Shares offered pursuant to the Prospectus to give any information or to make any representation not contained in the Prospectus in connection with the sale of such Shares.

 

(c)       The Distributor shall not be under any obligation to the Agent except for obligations assumed hereunder or in writing by the Distributor in connection with any Offering. Nothing contained herein or in any communication in writing from us shall constitute the Distributor and the Agent an association or partners with one another. If such parties should be deemed to constitute a partnership for Federal income tax purposes, then the Agent elects to be excluded from the application of Subchapter K, Chapter 1, Subtitle A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and agrees not to take any position inconsistent with that election. The Agent authorizes the Distributor, in its discretion, to execute and file on its behalf such evidence of that election as may be required by the Internal Revenue Service. In connection with any Offering, each party shall be liable for its proportionate amount of any tax, claim, demand or liability that may be asserted against it alone, based upon the claim that either of them constitutes an association, an unincorporated business or other entity, including, in each case, its proportionate amount of any expense incurred in defending against any such tax, claim, demand or liability.

 

(d)       The parties acknowledge and agree that all share related numbers contained in this Agreement shall be adjusted to take into account any stock split effected with respect to the Shares.

 

(e)       The Agent shall at all times comply with the offering requirements as set forth herein and under the heading "Plan of Distribution" in the Prospectus.

 

SECTION 5. Indemnification and Contribution.

 

(a)       The Distributor agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Agent, its partners, directors and officers, and any person who controls the Agent within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and the successors and assigns of all of the foregoing persons, from and against any reasonable loss, damage, expense, liability or claim (including the reasonable cost of investigation) which the Agent or any such person may incur under the Securities Act, the 1940 Act, the Exchange Act, the common law or otherwise, insofar as such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim (or any actions or proceedings in respect thereof) arises out of or is based upon (i) any material breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement of the Distributor contained in this Agreement, (ii) any material violation by the Distributor of any law, rule or regulation (including any rule of any self-regulatory organization) applicable to the Offerings, or (iii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact appearing in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading, except to the extent such statements were included in the Registration Statement or Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with the Agent Provided Information.

 

(b)       The Agent agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Distributor, the Fund, their partners, directors and officers, and any person who controls the Distributor or the Fund within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and the successors and assigns of all of the foregoing persons, from and against any loss, damage, expense, liability or claim (including the reasonable cost of investigation) which the Distributor, the Fund or any such other person may incur under the Securities Act, the 1940 Act, the Exchange Act, the common law or otherwise, insofar as such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim (or any actions or proceedings in respect thereof) arises out of or is based upon (i) any material breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement of the Agent contained in this Agreement or (ii) any material violation by the Agent of any law, rule or regulation (including any rule of any self-regulatory organization), or (iii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with the Agent Provided Information.

7 

 

(c)       An indemnified person under Section 5 of this Agreement (the "Indemnified Party") shall give written notice to the other party (the "Indemnifying Party") of any loss, damage, expense, liability or claim in respect of which the Indemnifying Party has a duty to indemnify such Indemnified Party under Section 5(a) or (b) of this Agreement (a "Claim"), specifying in reasonable detail the nature of the loss, damage, expense, liability or claim for which indemnification is sought, except that any delay or failure so to notify such Indemnifying Party shall only relieve such Indemnifying Party of its obligations hereunder to the extent, if at all, that such Indemnifying Party is actually prejudiced by reason of such delay or failure.

 

(d)       If a Claim results from any action, suit or proceeding brought or asserted against an Indemnified Party, the Indemnifying Party shall assume the defense thereof, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party and the payment of all fees and expenses. The Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in such action, suit or proceeding and participate in such defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such separate counsel shall be at the expense of the Indemnified Party unless (i) the Indemnifying Party has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses, (ii) the Indemnifying Party has failed within a reasonable time to assume the defense and employ counsel or (iii) the named parties to any such action, suit or proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both such Indemnified Party and Indemnifying Party and such Indemnified Party shall have been advised by its counsel that representation of such Indemnified Party and Indemnifying Party by the same counsel would be inappropriate under applicable standards of professional conduct (whether or not such representation by the same counsel has been proposed) due to actual or potential differing interests between the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnified Party (in which case the Indemnifying Party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such action, suit or proceeding on behalf of such Indemnified Party). It is understood, however, that the Indemnifying Party shall, in connection with any one action, suit or proceeding or separate but substantially similar or related actions, suits or proceedings in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances be liable for the reasonable fees and expenses of only one separate firm of attorneys (in addition to any local counsel) at any time for all such Indemnified Parties not having actual or potential differing interests with the Indemnifying Party or among themselves, which firm shall be designated in writing by an authorized representative of such parties and that all such fees and expenses shall be reimbursed promptly as they are incurred. The Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any settlement of any such action, suit or proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such written consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff in any such action, suit or proceeding, the Indemnifying Party agrees to indemnify and hold harmless any Indemnified Party from and against any loss, liability, damage or expense by reason by such settlement or judgment.

 

(e)       With respect to any Claim not within Paragraph (d) of Section 5 hereof, the Indemnifying Party shall have 20 days from receipt of notice from the Indemnified Party of such Claim within which to respond thereto. If the Indemnifying Party does not respond within such twenty-day period, it shall be deemed to have accepted responsibility to make payment and shall have no further right to contest the validity of such Claim. If the Indemnifying Party notifies the Indemnified Party within such twenty-day period that it rejects such Claim in whole or in part, the Indemnified Party shall be free to pursue such remedies as may be available to the Indemnified Party under applicable law.

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(f)       If the indemnification provided for in this Section 5 is unavailable to an Indemnified Party or insufficient to hold an Indemnified Party harmless in respect of any losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims referred to therein, then each applicable Indemnifying Party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect (i) the relative benefits received by the Indemnified Party, on the one hand, and the Indemnifying Party, on the other hand, from the offering of the Shares; or (ii) if, but only if, the allocation provided for in clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) but also the relative fault of the Indemnified Party, on the one hand, and of the Indemnifying Party, on the other, in connection with any statements or omissions or other matters which resulted in such losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Distributor, on the one hand, and the Agent, on the other, shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total compensation received by the Distributor from sales of the Shares bears to the total compensation received by the Agent from sales of the Shares. The relative fault of the parties hereto shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission relates to information supplied by such party, on one hand, or by the other party, on the other hand, and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The amount paid or payable by a party hereto as a result of the losses, damages, expenses, liabilities and claims referred to in this subsection shall be deemed to include any legal or other fees or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending any proceeding. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 5 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in this subsection (f). No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this subsection (f), the Agent shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the commissions received by it under this Agreement.

 

(g)       The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section 5 and the covenants, warranties and representations of the parties contained in this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Agent, its partners, directors or officers or any person (including each partner, officer or director of such person) who controls the Agent within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, or by or on behalf of the Distributor, its directors or officers or any person who controls the Distributor within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and shall survive any termination of this Agreement or the issuance and delivery of the Shares.

 

(h)       IN NO EVENT WILL ANY PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT BE LIABLE TO ANY OTHER PERSON OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES.

 

SECTION 6. Termination.

 

(a)       This Agreement shall continue in full force and effect until terminated by either party, including by written instruction by the Fund to the Distributor, by five days' written notice to the other party; provided, that if this Agreement has become effective with respect to any Offering pursuant to this Agreement, this Agreement may not be terminated by either party with respect to such Offering.

9 

 

(b)       This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to Section 6(a) hereof or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; provided that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Section 5 shall remain in full force and effect.

 

(c)       Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; provided that in any event such termination shall not be effective until any earlier than the close of business on the fifth day after receipt of such notice by the Distributor or the Agent, as the case may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of the Shares, such sale shall settle in accordance with the provisions of Section 1 of this Agreement.

 

SECTION 7. Notices. Except as otherwise herein provided, all statements, requests, notices and agreements under this Agreement shall be in and delivered by hand, overnight courier, mail or email and shall be sufficient in all respects if delivered or sent to:

 

If to the Distributor:

 

ALPS Distributors, Inc.

Attn: Legal Department

1290 Broadway, Suite 1000

Denver, Colorado 80202
Email: richard.noyes@alpsinc.com

 

If to the Agent:

 

UBS Securities LLC

1285 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10019
Attn: Saawan Pathange
Email: saawan.pathange@ubs.com

 

Each party to this Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose.

 

SECTION 8. Parties in Interest. The Agreement herein set forth has been and is made solely for the benefit of the Distributor, the Fund and the Agent and, to the extent provided in Section 5 of this Agreement, the partners, directors, officers and controlling persons (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) referred to in such section, and their respective successors and assigns. No other person, partnership, association or corporation (including a purchaser, as such purchaser, from the Distributor) shall acquire have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement.

 

SECTION 9. No Fiduciary Relationship. The Distributor hereby acknowledges that the Agent is acting solely as sub-placement agent in connection with the sale of the Shares and that the Agent is acting pursuant to a contractual relationship created solely by this Agreement entered into on length basis, and in no event do the parties intend that the Agent act or be responsible as a fiduciary to the Distributor or the Fund, their respective management, shareholders or creditors, or any other person in connection with any activity that the Agent may undertake or have undertaken in furtherance of the sale of the Shares, either before or after the date hereof.

10 

 

SECTION 10. Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof.

 

SECTION 11. Counterparts; Heading. This Agreement may be signed by the parties in one or more counterparts which together shall constitute one and the same agreement among the parties. The Section headings in this Agreement have been inserted as a matter of convenience of reference and are not a part of this Agreement.

 

SECTION 12. Law; Construction. This Agreement and any claim, counterclaim or dispute of any kind or nature whatsoever arising out of or in any way relating to this Agreement ("Dispute"), directly or indirectly, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of State of New York.

 

SECTION 13. Submission to Jurisdiction. Except as set forth below, no Dispute may be commenced, prosecuted or continued in any court other than the courts of the State of New York located in the City and County of New York or in the United States District Court for the Southern of New York, which courts shall have jurisdiction over the adjudication of such matters, and each party hereto consents to the jurisdiction of such courts and personal service with respect thereto. Each party hereto hereby consents to personal jurisdiction, service and venue in any court in any Dispute arising out of or in any way relating to this Agreement that is brought by any third party against any Indemnified Party. Each party hereto (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its stockholders and affiliates) waives all right to trial by jury in any action, proceeding or counterclaim (whether based upon contract, tort or otherwise) in any way arising out of or relating to this Agreement. Each party hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action, proceeding or counterclaim brought in any such court shall be conclusive and binding upon such party and may be enforced in any other courts to the jurisdiction of which such party is or may be subject, by suit upon such judgment.

 

SECTION 14. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Distributor and the Agent and their successors and permitted assigns and any successor or permitted assign of any substantial portion of the Distributor's or the Agent's respective businesses and/or assets.

 

This Agreement may not be transferred or assigned without the consent of the non-transferring or non-assigning party; provided, however, that no such consent shall be required to transfer or assign this Agreement to an entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with, the transferring or assigning party.

 

SECTION 15. Severability. Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law. If, however, any provision of this Agreement is held, under applicable law, to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such provision shall be ineffective only to the extent of such invalidity, and the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall not be affected or impaired in any way and shall be interpreted to give effect to the intent of the parties manifested thereby.

 

SECTION 16. Investigations and Proceedings. The parties to this Agreement agree to cooperate fully in any securities regulatory investigation or proceeding or any judicial proceeding with respect to each party's activities under this Agreement and promptly to notify the other party of any such investigation or proceeding.

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SECTION 17. Modification, Waiver and Amendment. No modification, alteration or amendment of this Agreement will be valid or binding unless in writing and signed by all parties. No waiver of any term or condition of this Agreement will be construed as a waiver of any other term or condition; nor will any waiver of any default or breach under this Agreement be construed as a waiver of any other default or breach. No waiver will be binding unless in writing and signed by the party waiving the term, condition, default or breach. Any failure or delay by any party to enforce any of its rights under this Agreement will not be deemed a continuing waiver or modification hereof and such party, within the time provided by law, may commence appropriate legal proceedings to enforce any or all of such right.

 

[The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank]

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If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Distributor and the Agent, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this Agreement and your acceptance shall constitute a binding agreement between the Distributor and the Agent. Alternatively, the execution of this Agreement by the Distributor and the acceptance by or on behalf of the Agent may be evidenced by an exchange of telegraphic or other written communications.

 

  Very truly yours,  
       
  ALPS DISTRIBUTORS, INC.  
       
  By: /s/ Stephen Kyllo  
  Name: Stephen Kyllo  
  Title: SVP & Director  

 

ACCEPTED as of the date  
first above written  
     
UBS SECURITIES LLC  
(as sub-placement agent)  
     
By: /s/ Saawan Pathange  
Name: Saawan Pathange  
Title: Managing Director  

 

By: /s/ Zachary D. Redlitz  
Name: Zachary D. Redlitz  
Title: Associate Director

 

 

[Signature Page for RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc. Sub-Placement Agent Agreement]

 

 

ADDENDUM
TO
SUB-PLACEMENT AGENT AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
ALPS DISTRIBUTORS, INC.
AND
UBS SECURITIES LLC

 

Compensation payable to the Agent for acting as a sub-placement agent with respect to a specified sale of Shares pursuant to this Agreement shall be determined by multiplying the Gross Sales Proceeds by the Applicable Selling Agent Commission as set forth below:

 

Applicable Selling Agent Commission
0.80%

 

Where:

 

"Gross Sales Proceeds" with respect to each sale of Shares shall be the Gross Sales Price multiplied by the number of Shares sold;

 

"Gross Sales Price" with respect to each sale of Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement shall be the gross sales price per share of such Shares.

EX-99.25 4 fp0084856-4_ex99252l3.htm

 

CONSENT OF COUNSEL

 

We hereby consent to the use of our name and to the references to our Firm under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus and the caption “Legal Counsel” in the Statement of Additional Information included in Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), of RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc. (File Nos. 333-260484 and 811-23481). In giving such consent, however, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the 1933 Act or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.

 

  /s/ Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP  
  Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP  

 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

August 24, 2023

 

EX-99.25 5 fp0084856-4_ex99252r1.htm

 

Section 6 - Code of Ethics

 

This Code of Ethics (the “Code”) is a joint Code for RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC (the “Adviser”), RiverNorth Funds (the “RiverNorth Funds”) and any subsequent funds advised by the Adviser. It reflects the requirements of Section 204A of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Rule 204A-1 under that Act, and Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The Adviser and the RiverNorth Funds are often referred to collectively as “RiverNorth”. Access Persons (as defined by the Investment Company Act) of other funds advised or subadvised by the Adviser may be subject to other codes of ethics as well.

 

I.       Standards of Conduct and Fiduciary Duty

 

The Adviser has a fiduciary duty to its investment advisory clients. That duty requires each Employee to act solely for the benefit of Adviser’s clients. The conduct of the Adviser and its Employees must recognize that the clients’ interests always have priority over those of the Adviser and its Employees (including with respect to any Employee’s personal trading activity) and is based upon fundamental principles of openness, integrity, honesty and trust.

 

Each Employee is expected to adhere, not only to the Federal Securities Laws (as defined herein), but also to the highest standard of professional and ethical conduct and should be sensitive to situations that may give rise to an actual conflict AND the appearance of a conflict with the Adviser’s clients’ interests. Such conflicts could also have the potential to cause damage to the Adviser’s reputation. Each Employee is also required to comply with all applicable Federal Securities Laws. Each Employee must exercise reasonable care and professional judgment to avoid actions that could put the image or reputation of the Adviser at risk.

 

This Code sets forth the policy regarding Employee conduct in those situations in which conflicts with our clients’ interests are most likely to be present or develop. The Code does not attempt to identify all possible conflicts of interest, and literal compliance with the Code will not shield the Employee from sanctions for personal trading or other conduct that violates a fiduciary duty to clients. It is expected that Employees will embrace and comply with both the letter and the spirit of the Code.

 

Adherence to the Code is a basic condition of employment. If an Employee has any doubt as to the appropriateness of any activity, believes that he or she has violated the Code, or becomes aware of a violation of the Code by another Employee, or the Employee has become subject to any legal action that may impact their ability to fulfill their duties as an Employees of a registered investment adviser, the Employee is obligated to bring these matters to the attention of the Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) or any member of the Compliance Group, as defined herein.

 

II.       Definitions

 

“Access Person” means any person who is either an Adviser Access Person or a Fund Access Person.

 

“Adviser Access Person” means any Employee or any other person identified by the CCO as an Adviser Access Person. The CCO shall designate as an Adviser Access Person any supervised person who (i) has access to non-public information regarding any purchase or sale of securities for an Adviser client, or non-public information regarding the portfolio holdings of any Reportable Fund, or (ii) is involved in making securities recommendations to Adviser clients, or who has access to such recommendations that are non-public. Since providing investment advice is the Adviser’s primary business, all of the Adviser’s members (other than passive investors), officers and employees are presumed to be Adviser Access Persons.

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“Active Consideration” means the period of time during which an Adviser portfolio manager has a pending order or is considering the purchase or sale of a security for any client account.

 

“Adviser” means RiverNorth Capital Management, LLC.

 

“Advisers Act” means the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and rules promulgated thereunder.

 

“Automatic Investment Plan” means a program, including a dividend reinvestment program, in which regular periodic purchases or withdrawals are made automatically in or from investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation, including automatic rebalances.

 

“Beneficial Ownership” means that a person, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in a security. A “pecuniary interest” in a security means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in such security. An Employee is presumed to have beneficial ownership in the following: (i) securities owned by an Employee in his or her name; (ii) securities owned by an individual Employee indirectly through an account or investment vehicle for his or her benefit, such as an IRA, family trust, or family partnership; (iii) securities owned in which the Employee has a joint ownership interest, such as a joint brokerage account; (iv) securities in which a member of the Employee’s immediate family (currently defined as one’s spouse, domestic partner, minor children, adult children living at home, other dependent relatives and other adult relatives sharing living arrangements) has a direct, indirect or joint ownership interest if the immediate family member resides in the same household as the Employee; (v) securities owned by a trust, private foundation or other charitable accounts in which the Employee (or a member of the Employee’s immediate family) has both a pecuniary interest and investment discretion and (vi) securities owned by an Investment Club in which the Employee or Employee’s immediate family members are participants.. This definition shall be interpreted in the same manner as it would be under Rule 16a-1(a)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the text of which is attached as Exhibit A to the Code.

 

“Blackout Period” means a period during which an Access Person is prohibited from engaging in a Personal Securities Transaction in a particular security because (i) a transaction in the same security is pending or anticipated for client accounts; or (ii) a transaction for client accounts is under Active Consideration by a portfolio manager of the Adviser.

 

“CCO” means the Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser. The CCO may also mean any person designated as the Chief Compliance Officer of any Fund.

2 

 

“Compliance Group” means the Adviser’s compliance personnel charged with overseeing the Adviser’s compliance policies and procedures. The Compliance Group is comprised of the Chief Compliance Officer and such other persons as may be designated by the Chief Compliance Officer from time to time. A list of the current Compliance Group members is attached as Exhibit B to the Code.

 

“Control” means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, unless such power is solely the result of an official position with such company.

 

“Cryptocurrency” means a decentralized digital currency which takes the form of tokens or coins, such as Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum. Cryptocurrencies, own their own, are considered currency and not a security.

 

“Employee” means an employee of the Adviser, a member of the Adviser (other than passive investors who are not employed by the Adviser in another capacity), and any temporary employee or independent contractor of the Adviser who is contracted to work onsite in the offices of the Adviser for more than seven (7) consecutive days (unless steps are taken to prevent such person from gaining access to proprietary or trading information related to the Adviser of its clients). All Employees are deemed to be Access Persons.

 

“ETF” means an exchange traded fund, whether organized as an open-end fund or a unit investment trust.

 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

“Exempt Transactions” means transactions in securities that are exempt from the pre-clearance and/or the reporting requirements of this Code. Refer to Exhibit C for a list of security types that fall into this category.

 

“Federal Securities Laws” means the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, any rules adopted by the SEC under any of these statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act as it applies to Funds and investment advisers, any rules adopted thereunder by the SEC or the Department of the Treasury or the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to the extent and as it pertains to investments advisers and investment companies.

 

“Frequent Trading” means the frequent trading in shares of an open-end fund in violation of the fund’s prospectus and/or trading policies, including any trading designed to exploit perceived inefficiencies in the prices of Fund shares.

 

“Front Running” means engaging in a Personal Securities Transaction in advance of a transaction in the same security for a client’s account.

 

“Fund” means an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

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“Fund Access Person” means any trustee or officer of a Fund managed by the Adviser who is not also an Adviser Access Person.

 

“Independent Trustee/Director” means a trustee or director of a Fund who is not an “interested person” of the Fund within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940.

 

“Initial Public Offering” or “IPO” means an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

“Initial Coin Offering” or “ICO” is the equivalent of an IPO for an offering of cryptocurrency.

 

“Insider Trading” is not defined in the Federal Securities Laws, but generally refers to the buying or selling a security, in breach of a fiduciary duty or other relationship of trust and confidence, while in possession of Material, Non-Public Information about the security.

 

“Investment Company Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended and the rules promulgated thereunder.

 

“Late Trading” means the illegal practice of pricing a purchase or redemption order for shares of an open-end Fund with the current day share price even though the order is received after the pricing time established in the Fund’s prospectus. Late trading often involves a coordinated effort by the investor and a broker or service provider for the Fund.

 

“Limited Offering” means an offering (e.g., limited partnership) that is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) or pursuant to Rule 504, Rule 505, or Rule 506 under the Securities Act of 1933.

 

“Material, Non-Public Information” or “MNPI” means information for which there is substantial likelihood that a reasonable investor would consider important in making an investment decision, or is reasonably certain to have an effect on the price of the issuer’s security, but which has not been made available to the public, has not been disseminated broadly to the marketplace, or has not had sufficient time post-dissemination for the marketplace to react to the information.

 

“Organizations” means entities, and the individuals that work for them, that provide services, or seek to provide services, to individual clients through the Adviser’s relationship with the client. Examples include brokers, consultants, companies that the Adviser researches for possible investment, and companies in which the Adviser invests for client accounts.

 

“Personal Securities Transaction” means a Reportable Transaction in which an Access Person has Beneficial Ownership in the security.

 

“Reportable Account” means investment accounts in which Reportable Securities are held.

 

“Reportable Fund” means any Fund: (i) for which the Adviser serves as the investment adviser or sub-adviser; or (ii) whose investment adviser or principal underwriter controls the Adviser, is controlled by the Adviser, or is under common control with the Adviser. For purposes of this Code, aa list of the Reportable Funds are attached in Exhibit D.

4 

 

“Reportable Security” means a Security, except that it does not include any of the following: (i) direct obligations of the government of the United States; (ii) bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements; (iii) shares issued by money market Funds; (iv) shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open-end Funds, none of which are Reportable Funds. The definition of “Reportable Security” also excludes securities held through certain qualified tuition programs established pursuant to Section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (“529 Plans”), provided the Adviser or a control affiliate does not manage, distribute, market or underwrite the 529 Plan or the investments and strategies underlying the 529 Plan. However, ETFs and mutual funds are included in the definition of “Reportable Security” whether held directly with the issuer or its transfer agent or in a brokerage account.

 

“Reportable Transaction” means a transaction by an Access Person in a Reportable Security.

 

“Rumor” means a statement not based on verified information. An expression of opinion is not a Rumor.

 

“Security” means any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, , evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit sharing agreement, collateral trust certificate, reorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any, security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security,” or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing.

 

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules promulgated thereunder.

 

“My Compliance Technologies” or “MCT” means Compliance software used to facilitate requirements of the Code.

 

“Trading Day” means any day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open for regular, unrestricted trading.

 

Terms not defined above or in this Code have the meaning set forth in the Advisers Act. If terms are ambiguous to any person potentially covered by the Code, it is suggested that the Employee contact the Chief Compliance Officer or a member of the Compliance Group for clarification before engaging in any conduct or activity that may be covered under the Code.

5 

 

III.       Policy on Personal Securities Transactions

 

Each Access Person must comply with the following policies for all of his or her Personal Securities Transactions.

 

A.Initial Offerings

 

Initial Public Offerings (IPO)

An Adviser Access Person may not participate in an initial public offering without prior approval and unless the IPO falls into one of the following categories:

 

1.An IPO of securities of a mutual insurance company as a result of the Adviser Access Person’s ownership of an insurance policy; or

2.An IPO of securities of a spinoff company as a result of the Adviser Access Person’s ownership of shares of the company that spins off the issuer of the IPO.

3.An IPO of securities of a closed-end fund to which the Adviser serves as investment adviser or sub-adviser.

 

An Access Person must obtain prior clearance from the CCO when acquiring Beneficial Ownership in securities of an IPO that are subject to either of the three exceptions set forth above. If an Access Person believes participation in an IPO may be appropriate, for example, in situations similar to the three situations identified above, but not covered by those two situations, the Access Person may submit a written request for approval, and the CCO may grant approval if the investment is deemed acceptable.

 

Initial Coin Offerings (ICO)

An Adviser Access Person may not participate in an initial coin offering.

 

B.Limited Offerings

 

An Adviser Access Person may purchase or sell securities in a Limited Offering only with the prior written approval from a member of the Compliance Group. Limited Offerings include investments in private funds managed by the Adviser. The Compliance Group member shall consider the following factors in determining whether to approve a transaction in a Limited Offering:

 

1.Whether the investment opportunity should be reserved for clients;

2.Whether the Access Person is being offered the investment opportunity due to his or her employment with the Adviser; and

3.Any other relevant factors (e.g., whether the Adviser has any business dealings with the issuer, general partner, or any of the individuals named in the offering documents, or if the Access Person has knowledge of an impending IPO by the issuer).

 

The Compliance Group member may approve a single transaction in a Limited Offering or additional investments in previously-approved Limited Offerings (such as subsequent investments in the same limited partnership). The approval may be subject to limitations, including timing of investments, number of investments, or amount of investments. Additionally, Access Persons should seek approval for transactions in Limited Offerings as far in advance as possible.

6 

 

C.Frequent Trading (Open-End Funds)

Frequent Trading can harm shareholders in various ways, including reducing the returns to long-term shareholders by increasing costs to the fund and disrupting portfolio management strategies. Access Persons are required to comply with the policies of any open-end funds in which they invest regarding purchases, redemptions and exchanges, and are prohibited from engaging in Frequent Trading in open-end funds which indicate in their prospectus or statement of additional information that the funds prohibit or restrict Frequent Trading.

 

D.Late Trading (Open-End Funds)

Late Trading is prohibited by law and, with respect to Reportable Funds, may represent a violation of fiduciary duty. This Code prohibits Access Persons from engaging in or facilitating Late Trading in shares of any open-end Fund.

 

E.Short-Term Trading (All Securities)

The Adviser considers short-term trading problematic because it (1) may interfere with the Adviser Access Person’s duties, obligations or loyalties to the Adviser or the Adviser’s clients; (2) may be indicative of using Material, Non-Public Information, or (3) may be in violation of applicable laws, rules and regulations or the Adviser’s or issuer’s policies and procedures.

 

Accordingly, all Access Persons are required to hold securities for a minimum of ninety (90) calendar days, to avoid short-term trading practices. The Compliance Group may approve exceptions to the ninety (90) calendar day holding period in certain limited circumstances, for instance to reduce the level of investment losses to the Access Person if the security has significantly decreased in value. The ninety (90) calendar day hold period does not apply to transactions resulting from certain corporate actions or assets attributable to an Automatic Investment Plan.

 

The Compliance Group may impose restrictions on Personal Securities Transactions, or deny a request for prior approval of Personal Securities Transactions, if it believes that the transactions may interfere with the Access Person’s duties, obligations or loyalties to the Adviser or the Adviser’s clients, impose undue burden on the Adviser, or may otherwise be contrary to the interests of the Adviser or the Adviser’s clients.

 

F.Options Trading

Access Persons are permitted to invest in options. All personal securities transactions involving options must be pre-approved through Schwab Compliance Technologies and are subject to the mandatory ninety (90) calendar day holding period detailed in Section III.E. (unless the strike date of the option is less than ninety (90) calendar days). Access Persons may not take an options position opposite of any options holding in the Adviser’s or a client’s accounts (same underlying security, same strike price, and same expiration).

7 

 

G.Closed-End Funds, Business Development Companies (BDCs) and Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs)

Because of the Adviser’s expertise and access to analytic information regarding the closed-end fund markets, business development companies and special purpose acquisition companies, direct investments in these vehicles (excluding those managed by the Adviser) is prohibited. Trading in closed-end funds managed by the Adviser is permitted but limited to a percentage of the average daily trading volume as determined by the Compliance Group and then subject to pre-clearance by the Compliance Group.

 

H.Marketplace Loans and Related Securities

Because of the Adviser’s expertise and access to analytic and platform-proprietary information regarding marketplace loans, direct investments in marketplace loans, including investments in the platforms themselves is prohibited. Access persons are also prohibited from borrowing with any current platform(s) utilized by strategies managed by RiverNorth. Currently, the prohibited platform is Square Capital LLC.

 

I.Blackout Period

To avoid Front Running or other conflict of interest with client accounts, or the appearance of Front Running or a conflict of interest with client accounts, no Access Person may engage in a Personal Securities Transaction in a security that is in a Blackout Period.

 

Requests for a waiver of the Blackout Period will be considered by a member of the Compliance Group on a case-by-case basis. Factors that may be considered include, but are not limited to, the size of the proposed Personal Securities Transaction in relation to average daily trading volumes, whether transactions for client accounts have been completed, and whether the proposed Personal Securities Transaction is directionally aligned or opposed to transactions for client accounts.

 

J.De Minimis Exception

Purchases or sales in an amount of less than $50,000 within a thirty (30) calendar day period in a Reportable Security of an issuer that is a component security in the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index are exempt from the prohibitions with respect to whether the Adviser is trading the same or equivalent security for the accounts of its clients under this Code, and are exempt from the prohibitive sections of the Code.

 

Purchases or sales of broad-based index open-ended exchange traded funds (ETFs) with either a market capitalization exceeding $1 billion OR an average daily trading volume exceeding 1 million shares (measured over a ninety (90) calendar day period) are exempt from the prohibitive sections of the Code.

 

However, it should be noted that trades falling within these de minimis exceptions must be submitted for approval and reported in My Compliance Technologies pursuant to the applicable requirements of the Code and are subject to the mandatory ninety (90) calendar day holding period detailed in Section III.E.

 

K.Prior Approval Required

Access Persons must obtain prior approval for all Personal Securities Transactions (other than Personal Securities Transactions in securities set forth below in Section V.C., Administration of the Code of Ethics).

8 

 

L.Disgorgement of Profits

If, within any ten (10) calendar day period, an Access Person transacts in a security in a more advantageous manner than a Client account, the Chief Compliance Officer may require disgorgement of the profits realized vis-à-vis the Client account.

 

Each Access Person is responsible for ensuring that his or her Personal Securities Transactions for which he or she requests prior approval will not violate the Adviser’s policies or applicable Federal Securities Laws.

 

IV.       Reporting and Certification Requirements

 

Each Access Person must comply with the following reporting and certification requirements:

 

A.Initial Holdings Report

Each new Access Person is required to complete and submit an Initial Holdings Report to the CCO or his designee within ten (10) calendar days of becoming an Access Person. The new Access Person must disclose all the security holdings in which he or she may have a Beneficial Interest, including in all Reportable Accounts holding Reportable Securities, including Limited Offerings and Reportable Funds. The new Access Person must also disclose all brokerage accounts and all other accounts in which he or she has a Beneficial Interest that hold Reportable Securities at that time (including IRA accounts and custodial accounts), even if the only securities held in such accounts are Reportable Funds. Personal Securities Transactions are prohibited until the Initial Holdings Report is filed.

 

The Initial Holdings Report must be current as of a date no more than forty-five (45) calendar days prior to the date the person becomes an Access Person. The Initial Holdings Report must contain the following information:

 

1.The title and type of security, and as applicable the exchange ticker or CUSIP number, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership when the person became an Access Person;

2.The name of any broker, dealer or bank with which the Access Person maintains an account in which any securities are held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect benefit as of the date the person became an Access Person;

3.The number and title of each account in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership; and

4.The date the Access Person submits the Initial Holdings Report.

 

In addition, an Access Person must notify the Compliance Group within ten (10) calendar days of the opening of a new investment or brokerage account in which the Access Person has a Beneficial Interest.

 

B.Duplicate Confirmations

Access Persons may maintain accounts with any broker or brokers of their choosing, but are strongly encouraged to utilize a broker from list of preferred brokers maintained by the Compliance Group. In certain instances, the Compliance Group may require Access Persons to move accounts from existing brokers to a preferred broker. Access Persons must instruct their brokers to send duplicate confirmations for their Reportable Transactions to the CCO. Duplicate confirmations are used to reconcile the Quarterly Transaction Reports submitted by each Access Person. The CCO can provide sample letters requesting duplicate confirmations. Alternatively, a feed of certain data direct from your broker may be acceptable to the Compliance Group.

9 

 

C.Initial Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire

Each new Access Person is required to complete and submit an Initial Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire to the CCO or designee within ten (10) calendar days of becoming an Access Person. The CCO may request additional details based upon the information furnished by the Access Person.

 

D.Quarterly Transaction Report

Each Access Person must complete and submit a Quarterly Transaction Report to the CCO or designee within thirty (30) calendar days following the close of the quarter, even if there were no transactions in Reportable Securities during the reporting period. Such reports may be completed using Schwab Compliance Technologies.

 

The Quarterly Transaction Report must contain the following information:

 

1.With respect to any Personal Securities Transaction:

a.The date of the transaction, the title of the security, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and principal amount of each Reportable Security involved;

b.The nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale, gift or any other type of acquisition or disposition);

c.The price of the security at which the transaction was effected;

d.The name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through which the transaction was effected.

2.Any additions (including the date the account was established), deletions or changes to the securities account information previously provided by the Access Person that are necessary to bring it up to date.

3.The date the Access Person submits the Quarterly Transaction Report.

 

Transactions effected through an Automatic Investment Plan do not need to be reported on a Quarterly Transaction Report, unless the transaction(s) overrides the pre-set schedule or allocations of the Automatic Investment Plan, in which case the transaction(s) must be reported.

 

E.Annual Holdings Report

Each Access Person is required to complete and submit an Annual Holdings Report to the CCO or designee within thirty (30) calendar days following the close of the calendar year. Such reports may be completed using Schwab Compliance Technologies.

 

The Annual Holdings Report must be current as of a date no more than forty-five (45) calendar days prior to the date the report is submitted and contain the following information:

10 

 

1.The title and type of security, and as applicable the exchange ticker or CUSIP number, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership;

2.The name of any broker, dealer or bank with which the Access Person maintains an account in which any securities are held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect benefit;

3.The number and title of each account in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership; and

4.The date the Access Person submits the Annual Holdings Report.

 

F.Annual Certifications

Each Access Person is required to certify annually that he or she has received, read, and understands the Code, including any amendments thereto, recognizes that he or she is subject to the Code and will continue to comply with all requirements set forth in the Code. In addition, each Access Person is required to certify annually that he or she has disclosed or reported all Reportable Transactions. Certifications may be requested of Access Persons, and may be submitted by Access Persons, manually or electronically.

 

The Adviser will provide each Access Person with a copy of the Code, and any amendments thereto.

 

G.Annual Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire

Each Access Person is required to complete and submit an Annual Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire. The CCO reviews the information furnished on the Questionnaire and may request additional details based upon the information furnished by the Adviser Access Person.

 

H.Independent Trustees/Directors

An Independent Trustee/Director does not need to provide the following reports or certifications: Initial or Annual Holdings Reports, Duplicate Confirmations, or Initial or Annual Conflict of Interest Questionnaire. An Independent Trustee/Director need not file Quarterly Transaction Reports, unless the Independent Trustee/Director knew or, in the ordinary course of fulfilling his or her official duties as an Independent Trustee/Director, should have known that during the fifteen (15) calendar day period immediately before or after the Independent Trustee’s/Director’s transaction in a Reportable Security, a Fund purchased or sold the Reportable Security, or the Adviser considered purchasing or selling the Reportable Security.

 

V.       Administration of the Code of Ethics

 

A.Prior Approval Requirements and Procedures

Access Persons must obtain prior approval for Personal Securities Transactions in certain Reportable Securities in accordance with these procedures. It is encouraged that all Access Persons seek prior approval for all Personal Securities Transactions through Schwab Compliance Technologies, although alternative approval, including written or verbal approval, may be granted. In the case of verbal approval, the Compliance Group will document the reasons written approval was not possible.

 

Unless the CCO permits or requests a different form, the request must contain the following information:

11 

 

1.The name of the security;

2.The exchange ticker or CUSIP number;

3.Whether the transaction is a purchase or sale;

4.The quantity of shares or principal amount; and

5.The account or broker or dealer where the transaction will take place.

 

The Access Person will receive a response from a member of the Compliance Group or Schwab Compliance Technologies. If prior approval is granted, the Access Person must execute his or her Personal Securities Transaction no later than the close of business on the same Trading Day. Approval expires at the end of the day. If the Access Person receives prior approval for a Personal Securities Transaction and places a limit order with his or her broker, that limit order must either execute or expire no later than the close of business on the Trading Day.

 

If the Personal Securities Transaction is not executed within the specified timeframe, the Access Person must re-submit his or her prior approval request if he or she still desires to execute the Personal Securities Transaction.

 

An Access Person is prohibited from engaging in a Personal Securities Transaction in advance of receiving written approval, even if he or she expects that approval will be forthcoming.

 

Investments in IPOs and Limited Offerings are governed by Section III of the Code, not the requirements of this section of the Code.

 

Note – transactions in retirement accounts of an Access Person’s immediate family member that can only invest in unaffiliated mutual funds do not require pre-approval or entry in Schwab Compliance Technologies, although periodic reporting may be required and an Access Person may need to periodically certify that the account can only hold unaffiliated mutual funds.

 

B.Some Reasons for Denial of Prior Approval

Access Persons are reminded that engaging in Personal Securities Transactions in Reportable Securities is a privilege and not a right.

 

Although this list is not meant to be exhaustive, an Access Person will be denied prior approval of a Personal Securities Transaction if the security is subject to a Blackout Period. Approval can also be denied if: the CCO or any member of the Compliance Group believes that the Access Person’s pattern of trading is inconsistent with the spirit of the Code regardless of whether it meets the letter of the Code; if a Reportable Security was the subject of a newly-issued or changed outlook of the Adviser within five (5) business days prior to the request; or to avoid a conflict, or the appearance of a conflict, with the interests of the Adviser’s clients. Approvals are denied without prejudice, so an Access Person can resubmit his or her request for prior approval for reconsideration at any time.

 

C.Managed Account Exemption

Transactions in accounts holding Reportable Securities in which an Access Person has Beneficial Ownership but over which the Access Person and his or her family members have no direct or indirect influence or control may be exempted from the definition of Reportable Transactions.

12 

 

An example of an eligible managed account would be an account managed by an independent investment professional that neither consults with nor accepts guidance from the account owner on specific securities transactions prior to execution.

 

Exemption of a managed account from the prior approval and reporting requirements of this Code must be requested in writing by the Access Person to the CCO.

 

Access Persons are required to submit a quarterly affirmation certifying they did not suggest or direct any transactions or allocations in managed accounts.

 

D.Written Report to Funds Board

No less frequently than annually, the Adviser must furnish to the Board of the Funds and the Board must consider, a written report that:

 

1.Describes any issues arising under this Code or procedures since the last report to the Board, including but not limited to information about violations of the Code or procedures or sanctions imposed in response to the violations;

2.Discusses whether any significant conflicts of interest arose during the reporting period, even if the conflicts have not resulted in a violation of the Code;

3.Discusses any waivers that might be considered important by the Board that were granted during the reporting period; and

4.Certifies that the Funds and the Adviser have adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating the Code.

 

VI.       Duty of Confidentiality

 

Confidentiality is a cornerstone of the Adviser’s fiduciary obligation to its clients. Access Persons owe a duty of confidentiality to both the Adviser and its clients. Information acquired in the course of employment by the Adviser, including but not limited to information regarding actual or contemplated investment decisions, securities under Active Consideration, portfolio composition, client interests, non-public client information, research, research recommendations, Adviser activities, finances, employees, general business and operation plans and new business initiatives is confidential.

 

Access Persons must not discuss client business (e.g., strategy, holdings, assets under management, etc.), including the existence of a client relationship, with outsiders except as necessary to perform his or her job responsibilities.

 

In addition, Access Persons should be familiar with the Funds’ Policies and Procedures Regarding Selective Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings, which addresses the requirements for disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio holdings to ensure equality of dissemination.

13 

 

VII.       Outside Affiliations

 

The Adviser recognizes that an Access Person has outside affiliations to which he or she dedicates personal time. An employee seeking approval of outside employment or other business or investment-related activities shall provide the following information to RiverNorth’s CCO:

 

(1) the name and address of the outside business organization;

(2) a description of the business or the organization;

(3) compensation, if any, to be received;

(4) a description of the activities to be performed; and

(5) the amount of time per month that will be spent on the outside activity.

 

Records of requests for approval, along with the reasons such requests were granted or denied, are maintained by the CCO or designee. In situations where a RiverNorth employee has been granted permission to engage in outside activities within the investment management industry, that employee must still:

• Treat any information learned as a result of his or her RiverNorth duties as proprietary and confidential; and

• Comply in all respects with RiverNorth compliance procedures and applicable codes of ethics, including, without limitation, providing to RiverNorth all necessary transactions and holdings reports.

• Disclose if the outside business activity is related to a client of the firm.

 

A.Directorships

An Access Person who wishes to serve on the Board of Directors of any organization must first obtain approval from the CCO, or another member of the Compliance Group, prior to accepting the position. The Compliance Group will determine if a new Access Person can continue to serve as a director of an organization if he or she is already in that position prior to joining the Adviser. In either case, approval will be granted only if the Compliance Group determines that the activity does not present a significant conflict of interest with the Adviser or the Adviser’s clients. If the Access Person has a financial interest in the organization, it may be classified as a private placement; in which case he or she may be subject to additional reporting and disclosure requirements.

 

The above restrictions and procedures for approval do not apply to unpaid service with a charitable or non-profit organization.

 

These disclosures are required on the Initial Conflicts of Interest and annually thereafter on the Annual Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire available through Schwab Compliance Technologies.

 

VIII.       Oversight of the Code of Ethics

 

A.Compliance Group

The Compliance Group, led by the CCO, is responsible for monitoring and oversight of this Code.

14 

 

B.Responsibilities of Each Employee

It is expected that Employees will embrace and comply with both the letter and spirit of the Code and to uphold its fiduciary obligations.

 

Adherence to the Code is a basic condition of employment. If an Employee has any doubt as to the appropriateness of any activity, believes that he or she has violated the Code, or becomes aware of a violation of the Code by another Employee, the Employee is obligated to bring these matters to the attention of the Compliance Group.

 

C.Enforcement of the Code

Potential violations of the Code will be investigated and considered by the Compliance Group and/or Management of the Adviser.

 

Violations of the Code’s provisions are taken seriously and may result in sanctions or other consequences, including but not limited to the following:

 

1.A warning;

2.A reversal of a Personal Securities Transaction;

3.Disgorgement of profits from the Personal Securities Transaction;

4.A limitation or restriction on engaging in Personal Securities Transactions;

5.A monetary fine;

6.Termination of employment; and

7.Referral to civil or criminal authorities.

 

As described above in Section V, Administration of the Code of Ethics, violations are reported to the Boards of the Funds no less frequently than annually.

 

Any questions about the Code of Ethics or the existence of a conflict of interest, or the appearance of a conflict of interest, should be brought to the attention of the CCO or other member of the Compliance Group.

15 

 

Exhibit A - Text of Rule 16a-1(a)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

Rule 16a-1(a)(2) Other than for purposes of determining whether a person is a beneficial owner of more than ten percent of any class of equity securities registered under Section 12 of the Act, the term beneficial owner shall mean any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in the equity securities, subject to the following:

 

(i) The term pecuniary interest in any class of equity securities shall mean the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the subject securities.

 

(ii) The term indirect pecuniary interest in any class of equity securities shall include, but not be limited to:

 

(A) Securities held by members of a person’s immediate family sharing the same household; provided, however, that the presumption of such beneficial ownership may be rebutted; see also § 240.16a-1(a)(4) ;

 

(B) A general partner’s proportionate interest in the portfolio securities held by a general or limited partnership. The general partner’s proportionate interest, as evidenced by the partnership agreement in effect at the time of the transaction and the partnership’s most recent financial statements, shall be the greater of:

 

(1) The general partner’s share of the partnership’s profits, including profits attributed to any limited partnership interests held by the general partner and any other interests in profits that arise from the purchase and sale of the partnership’s portfolio securities; or

 

(2) The general partner’s share of the partnership capital account, including the share attributable to any limited partnership interest held by the general partner.

 

(C) A performance-related fee, other than an asset-based fee, received by any broker, dealer, bank, insurance company, investment company, investment adviser, investment manager, trustee or person or entity performing a similar function; provided, however, that no pecuniary interest shall be present where:

 

(1) The performance-related fee, regardless of when payable, is calculated based upon net capital gains and/or net capital appreciation generated from the portfolio or from the fiduciary’s overall performance over a period of one year or more; and

 

(2) Equity securities of the issuer do not account for more than ten percent of the market value of the portfolio. A right to a nonperformance-related fee alone shall not represent a pecuniary interest in the securities;

16 

 

(D) A person’s right to dividends that is separated or separable from the underlying securities. Otherwise, a right to dividends alone shall not represent a pecuniary interest in the securities;

 

(E) A person’s interest in securities held by a trust, as specified in § 240.16a-8(b); and

 

(F) A person’s right to acquire equity securities through the exercise or conversion of any derivative security, whether or not presently exercisable.

 

(iii) A shareholder shall not be deemed to have a pecuniary interest in the portfolio securities held by a corporation or similar entity in which the person owns securities if the shareholder is not a controlling shareholder of the entity and does not have or share investment control over the entity’s portfolio.

17 

 

Exhibit B - Members of Compliance Group

 

Marc Collins, Chief Compliance Officer

Erin Heitman, Compliance Manager

Jon Mohrhardt

Melissa Hale

18 

 

Exhibit C - Exempt Transactions

 

The following transactions shall be exempt from the pre-clearance requirements and other provisions of this Code of Ethics, but the reporting and disclosure requirements of the Code shall apply:

 

A.Non-discretionary Transactions

 

Purchases or sales effected in any account over which an Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control, or in any account of the Access Person which is managed on a discretionary basis by a person: (a) unrelated to the Access Person; (b) whom the Access Person does not, in fact, influence or control; and (c) with whom the Access Person does not confer or otherwise participate in connection with the purchase and sale of securities in the account.

 

Note: Any registered investment adviser retained by an Access Person shall be pre-approved by the Chief Compliance Officer before the Access Person may rely upon this exemption. For this purpose, transactions effected under a power of attorney or a brokerage account agreement are not eligible for this exemption unless they contain an express delegation of investment discretion.

 

B.Non-volitional Transactions

 

Purchases or sales that are non-volitional on the part of the Access Person, including mergers, recapitalizations or similar transactions. Non-volitional transactions also include gifts of a Reportable Security to an Access Person over which the Access Person has no control of the timing.

 

C.Automatic Investment Plans

 

A program in which regular periodic purchases or sales are made automatically in or from investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation, including an issuer’s automatic dividend reinvestment plan, including rebalance transaction in such plans.

 

D.Rights Issuances

 

Purchases effected upon the exercise of rights issued by the issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of its securities, to the extent such rights were acquired from such issuer, and sales of such rights so acquired.

19 

 

Exhibit D - List of Funds

 

RiverNorth Core Opportunity Fund

 

RiverNorth/DoubleLine Strategic Income Fund

 

RiverNorth/Oaktree High Income Fund

 

RiverNorth Opportunities Fund, Inc.

 

RiverNorth Specialty Finance Corporation

 

RiverNorth/DoubleLine Strategic Opportunity Fund, Inc.

 

RiverNorth Opportunistic Municipal Income Fund, Inc.

 

RiverNorth Managed Duration Municipal Income Fund, Inc.

 

RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc.

 

RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund II, Inc.

 

RiverNorth Managed Duration Municipal Income Fund II, Inc.

 

Sub-Advised Funds

 

First Trust Alternative Opportunity Fund

 

RiverNorth Patriot ETF

 

RiverNorth Enhanced Pre-Merger SPAC ETF

 

Revised11/1/2013

12/5/2013

2/28/2014

11/7/2014

1/5/2016

8/1/2016

11/1/2018

2/20/2019

7/1/2021

11/1/2022

 

20

 

EX-99.25 6 fp0084856-4_ex99252t2.htm

 

RIVERNORTH FLEXIBLE MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND, INC.

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

I, the undersigned Director of RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc. hereby appoint Joshua B. Deringer, David L. Williams and/or Patrick W. Galley, Attorneys-in-Fact, with full power of substitution, and with the full power to sign for me and in my name in the following capacities relating to business of RiverNorth Flexible Municipal Income Fund, Inc.: any and all Post-Effective Amendments to Registration Statement File No. 333-260484; any supplements or other instruments in connection therewith; and generally to do all such things in my name and behalf in connection therewith as said Attorneys-in-fact deem, together or individually, necessary or appropriate, to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and any rules, regulations, or requirements of any federal or state regulatory agency in connection with the filing and effectiveness of any Registration Statement, as amended, and all related requirements of any federal or state regulatory agency.

 

This Power of Attorney, which shall not be affected by the disability of the undersigned, is executed and effective as of the date set forth below.

 

WITNESS my hands on this 16th day of November, 2022.

 

/s/ Lisa B. Mougin  
Lisa Mougin  
Director  

 

 

 

 

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Entity Address, Address Line One 360 South Rosemary Avenue, Suite 1420
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Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 33401
Contact Personnel Name Marcus L. Collins
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