UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
| ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the fiscal year ended December 31 , 2021
OR
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
Commission file number 001-40506
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||||||||
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) | |||||||||||||
(800 ) 559-9358
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | ||||||||
| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||||||||||
| Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant on June 30, 2021, based on the closing price of $11.38 for shares of the Registrant’s common stock as reported by the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately $151.7 million. Shares of common stock beneficially owned by each executive officer, and director, and by each other person who may be deemed to be an affiliate of the Registrant have been excluded from this computation. This calculation does not reflect a determination that certain persons are affiliates of the Registrant for any other purpose.
As of March 1, 2022, the registrant had 73,194,171 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Explanatory Note
Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries, which includes our main operating subsidiary, Convey Health Solutions, Inc., “we”, “us”, “our”, “Convey” or the “Company”) (formerly known as Cannes Holding Parent, Inc. and Convey Holding Parent, Inc.) was formed on June 13, 2019 (“Inception”) for the purpose of acquiring Convey Health Solutions, Inc. (“CHS”). On September 4, 2019, Cannes Parent, Inc. (“Cannes”), a direct subsidiary of Convey, entered into an agreement to acquire all of the outstanding stock of CHS through the merger of Cannes Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”) and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (“Parent”) (the “Merger”) with Parent surviving as a direct subsidiary of Cannes. The Merger principally occurred through an investment from TPG Cannes Aggregation, L.P., which is primarily funded by partners of TPG Partners VIII, L.P. and TPG Healthcare Partners, L.P. or any parallel fund or their alternative investment vehicles (collectively, “TPG”).
The Merger was accounted for in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), and Cannes was determined to be the accounting acquirer.
The period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 reflects the historical financial information for Parent and its subsidiaries prior to the closing of the Merger (“Predecessor”). The period from Inception to December 31, 2019 and the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021 reflects the historical financial information for Convey and its subsidiaries (“Successor”). The Predecessor and Successor consolidated financial information presented herein is not comparable due to the impacts of the Merger including the application of acquisition accounting in the Successor financial statements as of September 4, 2019.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I
Item 1. Business
Our Mission
Our mission is to drive health plan growth and member engagement by leveraging proprietary technology and processes.
Our core values — integrity, teamwork, and regulatory compliance — are the foundation upon which we approach the market.
Business Overview
Convey Health is a leading healthcare platform that utilizes technology and processes to improve government-sponsored health plans, including Medicare Advantage (“MA”) plans. We help health plans grow membership and revenue as well as operate more effectively and efficiently. We are a trusted solutions-oriented partner to payors and deliver purpose-built technology and services to enhance our clients’ mission-critical workflows. Our solutions address health plan needs, including product development and sales, member experience management, clinical management, core operations, business intelligence and analytics. Leveraging our technology and expert advisory services, we serve as a unified and integrated extension of our clients’ core health plan operations. Our proprietary, modular technology and end-to-end solutions replace or supplement our clients’ existing systems and processes, enabling us to help health plans attract and retain members, improve revenue accuracy, drive cost savings, facilitate regulatory compliance, and enhance operational effectiveness.
Since our inception, we have created and continuously refined our technology solutions to best serve government-sponsored health plans. Our clients are primarily MA plans, Medicare Part D plans (“PDP”) including Employer Group Waiver plans and pharmacy benefit managers (“PBM”). As of December 31, 2021, our solutions managed over 3.5 million MA members and 1.6 million PDP members. Additionally, our value-based analytics, which are powered by our 35 million member data set, provided actionable insights for nearly 7.3 million MA members in 2021.
We foster long-term collaborative partnerships as evidenced by our average relationship with our top 10 clients of over eight years, and we serve as a partner to nine of the nation’s top 10 MA payors by lives covered, in each case as of December 31, 2021. We believe that we have significant opportunity to grow within our existing client base as the majority of our clients currently subscribe to only a subset of our overall solutions and services. Moreover, we believe we have significant opportunity to grow by winning new clients in the MA market, by selling more products to our existing clients, by expanding into adjacent markets such as Medicaid and commercial insurance, and through complementary strategic acquisitions.
Our clients face significant and constantly evolving challenges managing their Medicare health plans:
•Increasingly Competitive Environment for Medicare Plans: Effective benefit design and sales are critical to retaining and growing members during the Medicare annual enrollment period. Once members are enrolled in a plan, effective member engagement and supplemental benefits administration are paramount to ensuring strong satisfaction and retention. Moreover, the proliferation of value-based reimbursement models such as MA requires effective member management and broad ecosystem coordination, which fall outside the core competencies of many health plans.
•Compliance with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) Requirements: Constantly evolving CMS and client requirements result in hundreds of modifications per year that inhibit the operational effectiveness and capabilities of health plans. Our purpose-built government sector technology platform addresses these constantly evolving requirements.
•Complex and Highly Regulated Medicare Market: Many health plans enter the government plan market by simply adapting their existing systems designed for the commercial insurance market. As a result, the technology they employ often lacks the sophistication and design needed to effectively maintain and administer benefits tailored for the complex and highly regulated Medicare market.
Health plans increasingly recognize the need for specialized solutions like ours to help them overcome these challenges and drive superior performance. We believe our proprietary technology and processes facilitate member engagement, health plan growth and operational efficiencies:
•We Drive Member Engagement and Health Plan Growth in the Highly Attractive Medicare Advantage Market
MA is a highly attractive and fast-growing market, with membership expected to increase by 38% from 2020 to 2025, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation. This outsized growth is supported by higher member satisfaction, lower costs and
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better member outcomes of managed plans as compared to traditional Medicare plans. Moreover, MA lives are attractive to health plans as they provide a higher value per covered person than commercial lives. Between 2016 and 2018, the annual gross margin per covered person in the MA market averaged $1,608.00, approximately double the annual gross margin per covered person in the commercial insurance market. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of U.S. seniors is expected to grow to 73.1 million by 2030, up from 56.1 million in 2020 and to increase as a percentage of the population from 17% to 21% during the same time period.
We help MA plans compete by improving benefit design, managing the member experience and core operations, administering supplemental benefits, empowering data-driven insights and providing expert advisory services. For example, we were an early pioneer in over-the-counter (“OTC”) supplemental benefit administration as we recognized that health plans that offer supplemental benefits could gain a competitive advantage over health plans that do not. MA plans offering OTC benefits grew their membership by 11% for 2022 enrollment compared to membership decline of 6% for plans that did not offer such benefits. We believe we are a leader in providing technology-enabled solutions for the government-sponsored market and are well positioned to help our MA clients deliver differentiated plan offerings and drive sustained, above-market growth.
•We Drive Operational Efficiencies in a Highly Complex and Regulated Government Plan Market
We help health plans improve operational effectiveness and enhance regulatory compliance. Through our advanced plan administration and supplemental benefit administration solutions, we handle critical processes on behalf of our clients, including eligibility and enrollment, member services, order processing and fulfillment, premium billing administration, premium payment processing, utilization management, payment integrity and regulatory compliance. We have dedicated compliance and quality-control teams that monitor evolving healthcare regulations and partner with our clients to facilitate compliance with the ever-changing set of government requirements.
Moreover, leveraging our large proprietary datasets and applied analytics, we yield actionable insights through our value-based payment assurance solutions that resolve gaps in care, improve member risk scoring and enhance payment integrity.
In addition, our technology and processes remove friction, streamline workflows and increase the effectiveness of each member interaction. For example, because our Advanced Plan Administration platform is a single integrated system that communicates seamlessly, we are able to improve member experience and core operations by reducing the time for a member to complete an address change with potential disenrollment by 75% and to complete a premium billing credit card transaction by 47%.
We operate in two segments: Technology Enabled Solutions (“TES”), in which we provide technology and support solutions to our clients, and Advisory Services (“Advisory”), in which we provide project-based consulting services led by our long-tenured subject matter experts. Our TES segment was approximately 84% of our consolidated revenue and our Advisory segment was approximately 16% for the year ended December 31, 2021. We believe that our combination of technology and advisory solutions gives us a competitive advantage in the government-sponsored health plan market. Our TES and Advisory teams collaborate effectively to combine a strong technology platform with deep domain expertise to deliver best-in-class solutions to our clients. Furthermore, we leverage the Advisory team’s industry expertise to identify new opportunities as well as cross-sell our solutions within existing clients.
We have a highly predictable and recurring revenue model with strong cash flow from operations. We typically charge a recurring subscription or per-member fee or a re-occurring utilization-based fee, which, coupled with our long-term contracts and strong client retention, has historically provided us with strong revenue visibility into estimated future revenue. Our TES segment historically has been highly predictable as most of our revenue in any given year is under contract or otherwise visible by the beginning of that year due to the contract structures we employ. We evaluate client retention primarily on a revenue retention basis, and we monitor two key metrics to evaluate client retention: Technology Gross Dollar Retention (“GDR”) and Technology Net Dollar Retention (“NDR”). GDR measures the performance of existing solutions on an existing client basis by taking our Annual Contracted Revenue (“ACR”) at the beginning of the fiscal period and reducing it by dollar attrition during the fiscal period. ACR at the beginning of the fiscal period is equal to the prior year total revenue for our reported TES segment. Our GDR was 99%, 98% and 99% in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Our high client retention, as measured on a revenue retention basis, demonstrates the predictability of our revenue and that our existing solutions are deeply embedded in our clients’ core operations. NDR measures the performance rate of existing clients in total and before new client wins by adding cross-sell and upsell initiatives to GDR. Our NDR was 117%, 135% and 142% in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively, exhibiting the strength of our platform and growth of our existing client base. Figures for 2019 are based on the Successor period from June 13, 2019 to December 2019 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019.
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We generated $337.6 million, $282.9 million, $80.4 million, and $140.7 million in net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, the Successor period, and the Predecessor period, respectively. We had net (loss) income of $(10.0) million, $(6.5) million, $(16.8) million, and $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, the Successor period, and the Predecessor period, respectively. We generated Adjusted EBITDA of $69.2 million, $51.5 million, $14.0 million, and $27.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, the Successor period, and the Predecessor period, respectively. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for information regarding our use of Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to its most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. In addition, as of December 31, 2021, we had $192.6 million total aggregate principal amount of outstanding indebtedness.
Our Solutions
Technology Enabled Solutions
Our Technology Enabled Solutions Platform is Purpose-built to Comprehensively Address our Clients’ Needs
We are a solutions-oriented partner to health plans, helping them attract and retain members, improve revenue accuracy, drive cost savings, facilitate regulatory compliance, and enhance operational effectiveness. We have built a flexible architecture that enables deep and broad-based integration with client and third party systems and allows us to meet our clients’ core operational, regulatory, financial and clinical needs.
The Backbone of our Offerings is our Proprietary Technology Platform, Miramar
Miramar reduces the number of systems that health plans need to maintain, providing a seamless, unified user experience for our clients and their members. Our clients often depend exclusively on Miramar to manage mission-critical workflows, which entrenches our client relationships and provides opportunities to both cross-sell additional offerings and develop new technologies in partnership with them. Miramar’s agile infrastructure enables us to rapidly deploy and scale new and innovative offerings. In 2021, Miramar processed over 3.1 billion automated transactions through integrated processes with health plans, members, employer groups, government entities, provider organizations, PBMs and financial institutions. In that same time period, we facilitated over 29 million touchpoints with members on behalf of our clients.
Miramar consists of three core end-to-end solutions in addition to ancillary modular solutions:
•Advanced Plan Administration (“APA”) Solutions: We provide technology-based plan administration services for government-sponsored health plans. Our solution encompasses eligibility and enrollment processing, member services, premium billing and payment processing, reconciliation and other related services.
•Supplemental Benefit Administration (“SBA”) Solutions: We provide technology and services to manage supplemental benefits provided to members through their MA plans. This solution is currently focused on the OTC benefit and we continue to extend our platform into additional supplemental benefits. Our SBA solutions include benefit design and administration, member eligibility and engagement, product fulfillment, and analytics and reporting.
•Value-Based Payment Assurance (“Value-Based”) Solutions: We provide payment tools and data analytics to improve revenue accuracy and identify gaps in quality, clinical care and compliance.
Advisory Services
Our Advisory Services Team Supports Payor Operations and Drives Business Model Evolution
We provide Advisory Services that complement our technology-enabled solutions in sales and marketing strategies, provider network strategies, compliance, operations, Star Ratings, quality, clinical, pharmacy, analytics and risk adjustment. We believe the trust our subject matter experts have earned with our clients gives us unique insights into and differentiated access to marketplace opportunities.
Industry Backdrop
We primarily operate within the government-sponsored health plan market. We believe that the increasing demand for our end-to-end platform solutions is driven by the following key healthcare industry tailwinds:
•Growth in Medicare-Eligible Beneficiaries & Privatization Trend: According to U.S. Census data, the 65-and-older population in the U.S. grew by over 33% during the past decade, which resulted in an increasingly large Medicare population base that we expect will continue to grow given the demographics trend. MA enrollment grew by a 7% compound annual growth rate from 2015 to 2020 and is expected to grow at that same 7% growth rate from 2020
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to 2025. In addition, MA enrollment as a percentage of total Medicare enrollment is expected to grow from 38.7% in 2020 to 46.5% in 2025. Additionally, approximately 70% of all Medicare beneficiaries are enrolled in plans that provide Medicare Part D benefits, with enrollment doubling since the program began in 2006. Moreover, there is increasing focus by recent presidential administrations to grow government-sponsored healthcare. The growing Medicare population base and MA enrollment, coupled with the potential expansion of government-sponsored healthcare, represent important tailwinds for our business.
Medicare Advantage Enrollment Trend
Source: Congressional Budget Office and Kaiser Family Foundation.
•Increased Reliance on Specialized, Technology-Enabled Third-Party Partners to Drive Health Plan Differentiation and Performance: Competition for MA lives among health plans has grown markedly, particularly amid industry consolidation and the emergence of technology-enabled payors. This increasingly competitive environment requires health plans to offer differentiated benefits, a superior member experience and enhanced clinical outcomes while remaining cost efficient. As a result, health plans are increasingly relying on specialized third-party partners with sophisticated purpose-built technology to enhance benefit design, drive member engagement and manage core workflows. We believe our technology-enabled solutions and expert advisory services position us favorably to serve as a high value-add partner to our health plan clients.
•Growth and Prevalence of Supplemental Benefits: MA plans are rapidly adopting supplemental benefits as a mechanism to improve clinical outcomes and attract and retain new members. While over three million MA beneficiaries are currently enrolled in plans providing additional supplemental benefits to individuals with chronic illnesses, this figure only accounts for less than 12% of the total number of MA members in 2021. Due to the popularity of supplemental benefits among members and ability to improve clinical outcomes, we expect the prevalence and utilization of supplemental benefits to continue to increase.
•Shift to Value-Based Care (“VBC”): MA is the largest and most successful VBC program in existence today. In a new era focused on value-based reimbursement, the increased burden on both members and health plans to reduce costs has driven significant changes in the industry. In particular, the need for aligned benefit design, effective member management and broad ecosystem coordination, which typically fall outside of the core competencies of health plans, has driven health plans to outsource these core workflows to specialized third parties. Moreover, there is an increasing need for health plans to offer supplemental benefits to their members as the VBC environment promotes the importance of breaking down traditional physical and social barriers to help drive health outcomes. The heightened focus on leveraging technology-enabled solutions to lower costs, increase quality and compliance, and improve member satisfaction is a key industry trend that we believe we are well positioned to address.
•Compliance with Increasingly Complex and Evolving Regulatory Requirements: The government sector healthcare system imposes many regulations and processes that are manual, complex and constantly evolving. Health plans often lack the necessary infrastructure or resources to adapt quickly to changing requirements. The lack of
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specialized in-house solutions health plans have to maintain compliance with CMS regulations and requirements often results in foregone reimbursement and monetary penalties. In addition to monetary penalties, health plans risk facing suspension or revocation of their licenses to operate if they are not compliant with CMS regulations. Furthermore, we believe the regulatory environment will continue to grow more complex as the government-sponsored health plan market evolves. Therefore, the need for specialized solutions to help navigate the regulatory environment and facilitate compliance with ever-changing regulations and requirements is becoming increasingly paramount for health plans.
Market Opportunity
We serve as a specialized, solutions-oriented partner to our health plan clients and help manage their core operations. As such, our addressable markets are predicated on our clients’ supplemental benefit and administrative expenditures. For our core Medicare-focused offerings, we estimate our total immediately addressable market opportunity to consist of:
•$10 billion Market Opportunity in Our Existing Client Base with Our Current TES Solutions: We estimate this market opportunity by multiplying (1) the total number of MA and PDP members enrolled in our TES and Advisory clients’ plans as of December 31, 2021 by (2) our estimated average market rate on a per-member basis for the three core TES solutions we currently offer clients. We believe there is significant opportunity to grow our business by using our existing relationships to cross-sell our offerings to clients who do not currently use all of our core TES solutions.
•$1 billion Market Opportunity with New Clients in Existing MA and PDP Markets with Our Current TES Solutions: We estimate this additional market opportunity by multiplying (1) the total number of MA and PDP members not currently enrolled in our TES and Advisory clients' plans as of December 31, 2021 by (2) our estimated average market rate on a per-member basis for the three core TES solutions we currently offer clients.
We estimate that the broader addressable market opportunity for our core Medicare-focused offerings is approximately $77 billion, including our immediately addressable market opportunity described above, to consist of:
•$47 billion Market Opportunity in Supplemental Benefit Administration: We estimate this market opportunity by multiplying (1) the estimated number of total addressable long-term MA and PDP plan members as of December 31,
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2020 (the most recent information available from the Kaiser Family Foundation) by (2) the estimated average supplemental benefits administration figure on a per member per-month basis.
•$30 billion Market Opportunity in Plan Administration: We estimate this market opportunity by multiplying (1) the estimated number of total addressable long-term MA and PDP plan members as of December 31, 2020 (the most recent information available from the Kaiser Family Foundation) by (2) the estimated average plan administration expenditure on a per-member per-month basis.
•We believe the MA market is underpenetrated at present. As such, we calculate the estimated number of total addressable long-term MA plan members by multiplying (1) the total number of members eligible for Medicare in 2020 (the most recent information available from the Kaiser Family Foundation) by (2) the expected percentage of MA plan members of all Medicare members in 2030.
The Medicare market continues to benefit from strong secular trends and we believe we are well positioned to capitalize on this large and growing market opportunity.
In addition, we also intend to grow our addressable market opportunity through expansion into adjacent markets, and believe our solutions and services address similar needs that exist across other government-sponsored and commercial programs. We continue to grow our presence in Managed Medicaid and believe this represents a natural adjacency to our core MA market. We estimate our total addressable market opportunity in Managed Medicaid to be approximately $21 billion. Moreover, we estimate our total addressable market opportunity in commercial insurance to be an additional $117 billion.
Value Proposition
We believe we achieve success because we are a trusted, solutions-oriented partner to health plan clients. We help our clients drive superior membership growth and retention, optimize revenue capture, drive cost savings, facilitate regulatory compliance, and enhance operational effectiveness.
Value to Health Plans
•We Help Drive Superior Financial Results: We provide solutions that help health plans increase revenue by attracting and retaining members, improving revenue accuracy, and delivering cost savings.
◦Attracting and Retaining Members: We help health plans improve plan offerings by enhancing benefit design and go-to-market strategy, managing member experience and core operations, and administering supplemental benefits, which together increases the competitiveness of plans and drives strong membership growth and retention.
◦Improving Revenue Accuracy: We harmonize disparate clinical, claims and social determinants of health (“SDOH”) data, and utilize sophisticated applied analytics to drive meaningful insights. We help our clients identify opportunities to enhance member risk scoring, improve clinical outcomes, increase Star Ratings and achieve greater revenue accuracy.
◦Delivering Cost Savings: We help health plans achieve tangible cost savings through leveraging our built-for-purpose technology solutions and government health plan market expertise, resulting in efficient, cost-effective workflow management.
•We Improve Quality, Compliance and Operational Effectiveness: Our end-to-end technology solutions and broad healthcare ecosystem integrations enable us to design and deploy tailor-made solutions promptly to improve operational effectiveness and enhance regulatory compliance for our health plan clients.
◦Enhancing Regulatory Compliance: Among the key workflows we manage, compliance is one of the most essential for government-sponsored health plans. While we are not directly exposed, our clients can be exposed to significant fines or sanctions if they do not meet established compliance standards. We have dedicated compliance and quality-control teams to monitor evolving healthcare rules and regulations and partner with our clients to help them adhere to an ever-changing set of government requirements. Our systems allow us to “push” new regulation requirements out in an efficient, centralized manner compared to continuous updates of disparate, and often unintegrated, systems. We work directly with key compliance contacts at each client to help ensure relevant personnel understand and interpret regulations accurately, implement appropriate processes for regulatory compliance and avoid high costs associated with non-compliance.
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◦Providing Complex Operational Support: We provide operational support for our health plan clients by managing critical and complex workflows including eligibility and enrollment, member services, order processing and fulfillment, premium billing administration, premium payment processing, utilization management, payment integrity and regulatory compliance.
Value to Members
•We Deliver a Superior Member Experience: Our clients depend on our member engagement solutions to deliver an outstanding member experience. Our APA and SBA solutions empower members to optimize their plan selection, effectively navigate their benefits, readily gain access to the appropriate medical care, prescription medication and OTC products, and efficiently resolve their inquiries and issues.
◦Unified Member Experience: Our end-to-end, comprehensive technology platform enables us to deliver an integrated experience for health plan members. Our platform significantly reduces the length of time required to address member inquiries, allowing members to have their questions answered and issues resolved efficiently and effectively. In addition, our ability to customize engagement with members through multiple channels, including self-service and mobile applications, has driven further healthcare navigation efficiency and a better member experience.
◦Enhancing Utilization of Valued Benefits: We help drive appropriate utilization of member benefits by making it easy for members to access their benefits through our expanding suite of supplemental benefit solutions. Our omni-channel supplemental benefits management offering enables members to fully access these benefits to which they are entitled.
Our Differentiated Miramar Technology Platform
The backbone of our offerings is our proprietary technology platform, Miramar. We believe the following are key differentiators of our technology platform:
•Comprehensive, Purpose-Built Platform: Miramar is a comprehensive technology platform that reduces the need for health plans to maintain multiple systems and enables us to provide a seamless user experience for our clients and their members. We designed and developed Miramar specifically for the government health plan sector, as opposed to retrofitting a commercial insurance sector technology. We unify internal and external clinical and financial data to provide a differentiated member view that enables health plans to provide superior engagement and retention. Miramar enables us to replace and support a broad range of core systems for our health plan clients, with key workflows that can be modularized across product development and sales, member management, operations and support, all using a single platform. This contrasts with the multiple siloed systems that would need to be integrated and individually updated if conducted in-house by our clients. Miramar empowers our clients to consolidate steps and simplify functions that improve member experience, drive cost savings and enhance clinical outcomes. Through Miramar, our clients have access to a host of key plan administration features.
•Built to Scale: Miramar’s unified infrastructure enables us to rapidly deploy and scale new integrated solutions and services and has been a mainstay of our continued innovation. We have proven our ability to scale our technology to new clients and solutions as a result of having a repeatable and data-driven blueprint to expand our capabilities. Over the past three completed fiscal years, we have won and successfully implemented 45 new TES clients. With scale, our data assets provide even more powerful insights on our clients’ members, enabling us to create more streamlined experiences for members and positively impact outcomes. We have a track record of being able to implement and deploy solutions for large health plan clients, which we have made a repeatable playbook as we look to acquire new clients.
•Strong Interoperability with Broader Healthcare Ecosystem: We have built and continue to innovate technology infrastructure to support broad ecosystem integrations with key healthcare constituents, including health plans, employer groups, government entities, provider organizations, PBMs and financial institutions. Our direct integration and interoperability with the broader healthcare ecosystem enables us to ingest and harmonize data from disparate sources. Given the high volume, velocity and complexity of data our health plan clients must sort through, our offerings provide extensive operational support and allow us to serve as a valuable partner. Miramar processed over 3.1 billion automated transactions in 2021 through integrated processes across the healthcare ecosystem. In 2021, we also facilitated over 29 million touchpoints with members on behalf of our clients.
•Data & Analytics Capabilities: Leveraging our large proprietary datasets, we yield actionable insights through our Value-Based solution that resolve gaps in care and improve quality, data integrity and financial performance. Our value-based analytics capture data for over 35 million members. The ability to efficiently aggregate and process large
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scale data flows, which is ultimately utilized to guide clients’ operational strategies and decisions, has played a key role in scaling and managing large member populations, particularly in today’s complex and value-based care environment. We have a growing data asset that we believe will only become more impactful over time as we continue to connect insights with workflows to drive measurable outcome improvement for our clients.
The Impact of Our Platform and Solutions
Utilizing our technology-enabled solutions and advisory services, we administer and support a comprehensive range of mission-critical workflows on behalf of our clients across the following key areas:
•Product Development & Sales: Our technology solutions and services empower our health plan clients to deliver a differentiated health plan offering, which can result in higher membership growth and plan revenues. Using our advanced plan administration, supplemental benefits administration and advisory offerings, we enable a number of product development and commercialization initiatives for our clients including benefit design, plan selection, formulary development, go-to-market research, strategy and execution, and broker and sales agent credentialing.
•Member Engagement & Core Operations: We manage critical member engagement workflows directly on behalf of our clients. Using our advanced plan administration solution, we manage workflows across enrollment and eligibility, premium billing, financial reconciliation, and payment processing. Our technology solutions are designed to enhance operational capabilities for our health plan clients, allowing them to improve the member experience by offering members easy-to-navigate self service capabilities including web portals and mobile applications. In addition, our dedicated compliance and quality teams continually monitor the evolving regulatory environment. We provide solutions and services that enable our clients to better adhere to government regulations and internal compliance requirements. We also support our clients in their quality and CMS audit processes. We believe that we provide highly-compliant and market-leading solutions that successfully help our clients minimize compliance risk.
•Clinical Health Outcomes: Our SBA solutions help members navigate a range of benefits that have been tailored to address clinical, social, or physical needs and improve their overall health. Our solutions enhance member experience, improve health outcomes and create differentiation for MA plans. We help our clients solve unmet social needs that impact almost 40% of all Medicare beneficiaries. For example, the home delivery of OTC products through our SBA solutions alleviates challenges with member access to transportation, which is a significant SDOH. Studies have shown
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that on average every dollar spent by consumers on OTC medicines saves $6-7 for the U.S. healthcare system. Many of the SDOH-focused supplemental benefits are becoming key differentiators for MA plans and improve both health outcomes and member experience. Our platform was purpose-designed to allow us to add additional benefit categories as new and innovative benefits emerge, and we are currently building out our technology to support supplemental benefits beyond OTC.
•Business Intelligence & Analytics: Our Value-Based data platform, powered by artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, seamlessly aggregates and organizes disparate clinical, claims and SDOH data to optimize revenue and profitability. Our data analytics platform, which is currently powered by over 35 million lives and over 100 proprietary data models, is designed to handle a growing volume and velocity of healthcare data. Value-based payments such as MA reimbursement require the submission of enrollment, claims and clinical data to determine revenue for the plan. Our revenue integrity solution focuses on the complete, accurate and compliant data collection, submission and acceptance of data to the government. Our value based payment assurance product identifies revenue being understated on average by over 1.3% for an MA plan.
According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, for an MA plan with 100,000 members, this translates into approximately $20 million in additional revenue to the health plan. We believe the depth and breadth of our growing data set and ability to embed into workflows will differentiate our solutions and improve outcomes for our clients.
We have a demonstrated track record of delivering compelling clinical, financial and administrative outcomes for our clients. We believe our comprehensive solutions and services enable us to deliver results that exceed those achieved in-house by our clients, as well as by most other third-party partners. A time and motion study confirmed that our APA solutions reduced the time to complete an address change with potential disenrollment by 75% due to our ability to address the complexity of this task, which involves multiple systems and reporting, using our integrated approach. This study also showed our ability to reduce the time to complete a premium billing credit card transaction by 47% compared to the time when utilizing a leading competitor’s solution to address the same task. The result is higher quality and lower cost for the health plan, and higher member satisfaction.
Case Study: Advanced Plan Administration Platform Efficiencies Driving Improved Member and Client
Satisfaction
Case Study: OTC Offering Helps Lower Medical Costs
During 2021, our Value-Based Analytics business provided some insights on beneficiaries of our SBA program. Analyzing over 250,000 OTC beneficiaries across a three-year period, we found a high correlation between usage of our OTC offering and lower medical costs. More specifically, users of our OTC program who had diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or a history of slip and fall accidents had between 6 and 8 percent lower medical costs than members with similar conditions who did not use our OTC offering.
Competitive Strengths
Comprehensive Payor Services Platform Based on Differentiated, Solutions-Oriented Partnership Model
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We believe our success is predicated on our comprehensive capabilities and track record of fostering long-term collaborative partnerships with our clients. We have strategically developed our portfolio of technology-enabled solutions and advisory services to address our clients’ mission-critical workflows. We engage closely with our health plan clients to help them attract and retain members, improve revenue accuracy, drive cost savings, facilitate regulatory compliance, and enhance operational effectiveness. Moreover, our active dialogue with our clients through our advisory team enables us to easily identify new opportunities to deploy additional solutions and services.
We serve as a solutions-oriented partner to the largest and most sophisticated clients, including nine of the top 10 MA payors in the U.S. We believe our unwavering commitment to delivering innovative and effective solutions for our clients, our comprehensive capabilities and domain expertise have earned us our reputation as a trusted partner to the nation’s largest payors.
Purpose-Built, Scalable and Integrated Technology and Analytics Platform
We believe our proprietary technology, rich dataset and advanced applied analytics capabilities enable us to deliver meaningful value as a partner to our health plan clients, members and partner constituents. Our Miramar technology platform enables us to provide a seamless, unified user experience for our clients and their members. Miramar’s unified infrastructure enables us to rapidly deploy and scale new integrated solutions and services and has been a mainstay of our continued innovation. Miramar supports broad ecosystem integrations with health plans, employers groups, government bodies, provider organizations, PBMs and financial institutions, which enables us to ingest and harmonize data from multiple sources. Our Value-Based solutions integrate disparate clinical, claims and SDOH data and utilize sophisticated applied analytics to help our clients optimize value-based revenue and payment integrity. Our purpose-built solutions allow us to help our clients navigate the constantly evolving regulatory environment and more efficiently engage their members.
Attractive Operating Model with Contractually Recurring Revenues and High Financial Visibility
As of December 31, 2021, we had 169 clients that purchased our solutions and services. Our solutions managed over 3.5 million MA members and 1.6 million PDP members. Additionally, our value-based analytics, which are powered by our 35 million member data set, provided actionable insights for nearly 7.3 million MA members in 2021. The significant increase in 2021 as compared to 2020 in the number of MA members we provided actionable insights for was the result of contracting with new clients. As the MA payor market is relatively concentrated, we expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our total revenue from a limited number of key clients. For the year ended December 31, 2021, our two largest clients, when aggregating all the solutions and services utilized by such clients across separate contracts with multiple product delivery solutions, represented 27.8% and 18.9% of our total revenue, respectively, or collectively 46.7% of our total revenue during this period. Our two largest clients are two of the top 10 MA payors in the U.S. While we have client concentration, our longest client relationships are among our two largest clients at 16 years and 10 years as of December 31, 2021, respectively, and we generally have long-term contracts with our other clients as well. In addition, we have many different contractual relationships with, and provide many different solutions to, each of our top clients. The multiple solutions we provide to our clients, the length of our contracts and the established long-term relationships we have developed with our top clients reduces the overall risk of concentration to our business.
We have generated a substantial portion of our revenue from clients on a recurring or re-occurring fee basis, which, coupled with our multi-year contracts and historically high client revenue retention, have provided high revenue predictability and visibility. We focus on maintaining longstanding relationships with our clients and serve as a strategic partner across mission-critical workflows. We believe our focus on collaborative innovation with our clients, in conjunction with the expansive set of mission-critical solutions and services we provide, results in a highly loyal client base as evidenced by our GDR of 99%, 98%, and 99% in 2021, 2020, and 2019 respectively. Our high client retention, as measured on a revenue retention basis, demonstrates the predictability of our revenue and that our solutions are deeply embedded in our clients’ core operations. Our NDR was 117%, 135%, and 142% in 2021, 2020, and 2019 respectively, exhibiting the strength of our platform and growth of our existing client base. Figures for 2019 are based on the Successor period from June 13, 2019 to December 2019 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019.
Unmatched Expertise and Breadth of Solutions for Government-Sponsored Health Plans
Based, in part, on our extensive experience and history working with many of the nation’s largest payors, we believe we have unmatched expertise and an established leadership position in government plan administration. Our TES solutions and Advisory services position us at the forefront of emerging trends across payor strategies. We believe our platform, which embodies years of research, innovation, iterations and enhancements, is a leading platform for the administration of government plans demonstrated by the fact that we serve nine of the top 10 MA payors in the U.S. Our comprehensive capabilities, extensive healthcare ecosystem integrations and highly specialized expertise in the complex government health plan market enable us to deliver innovative solutions and superior clinical, operational, compliance and financial outcomes for our clients.
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Outstanding Management and Advisory Team with Proven Track Record of Success
Our long-tenured executive leadership team has extensive experience across the healthcare, technology and consulting sectors and has delivered a strong compound annual growth rate in revenue from continuing operations since 2011. Our CEO and CFO have a combined experience of over 28 years with Convey Health as of December 31, 2021, and extensive experience managing publicly traded companies. Our executive officers have on average 23 years of experience with the government health plan market as of December 31, 2021. We approach the market competitively and believe that we win, in part, because of our commitment to dedicate the resources required to accomplish the goals of our clients. We believe that our Advisory team brings us closer to the market so that we remain at the forefront of trends and drive further innovation in the market. As a result of this powerful combination of services and technology, we believe that we have a strong competitive position and can adapt more rapidly to any changing conditions. Further, we believe that our innovative combination of technology and advisory expertise has transformed Convey Health into the preeminent payor solutions platform.
Growth Strategy
Cross-Sell and Upsell Existing Solutions
Our technology-enabled solutions expand regularly, and our clients often utilize more solutions over time. The flexibility of our platform and our consultative approach allow us to cross-sell more products and solutions to existing clients and expand our share of wallet with the nation’s top health plans. We also benefit from plan membership growth within existing clients, many of which are growing and gaining market share.
We believe we have significant remaining opportunity to continue our growth within our existing client base. For example, approximately 60% of our TES client base uses only one of our three core technology enabled solutions as of December 31, 2021. Additionally, approximately 46% of our clients use only Advisory services as of December 31, 2021, and currently utilize none of our TES solutions. Consequently, we believe our existing client base continues to be a significant channel in which to sell both our existing technologies and any additional solutions or services.
Expand Existing Solutions and Introduce New Solutions
Our clients are increasingly looking to simplify their offerings and we expect to extend our technology offering to allow Miramar to be a single portal for multiple supplemental benefits. This could entail offerings and support for food and grocery, meals, transportation, in-home services, hearing, vision, and dental which are all gaining in popularity. As more supplemental benefits are designed to address SDOH, we believe our solutions will help drive improved health outcomes. We also see Managed Medicaid and the commercial insurance market as adjacent opportunities.
In particular, we believe our supplemental benefits offering will continue to expand due to growing prevalence of plans offering supplemental benefits, increasing member enrollment trends in such benefits, rising spend allocated to supplemental benefits, and increasing member utilization of such benefits. Further, our clients are increasingly looking to expand their offerings with leading third party platforms, and we continue to extend our technology offering to allow Miramar to be a single portal for multiple supplemental benefits.
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There are several additional technology solutions that we are considering strategically, including, but not limited to, clinical management, member marketing, member acquisition, provider data and network management, claims administration, health risk assessments, home health, and SDOH. In addition, we believe our domain expertise from Advisory accelerates our technology development and allows us to develop leading solutions. We have a successful history of growing our solutions and services through internal innovation and will continue to actively invest in expanding our platform capabilities.
Win New Technology Clients
Our technology platform serves large national and regional health plans as well as PBMs. We believe we have a significant opportunity to sell technology solutions, as approximately 46% of our clients use only Advisory services as of December 31, 2021, and currently utilize none of our TES solutions. In addition, 53% of insurance carriers that offer MA plans as of December 31, 2021, are not our clients. Over time, we expect to leverage our Advisory relationships to implement technology solutions to address their needs. Our reputation as a long-term strategic partner, combined with our comprehensive solutions set and specialized market expertise, has enabled us to win 45 new TES clients since 2017. Given the increasing importance health plans are placing on growing their MA business, we believe we are well positioned to demonstrate value at multiple touchpoints to align to their business objectives.
Targeted Expansion in New Markets
We are continuously evaluating new markets to deploy our broad set of solutions. We have identified Managed Medicaid, commercial health insurance payors, and risk-bearing providers as adjacent markets that we believe are good candidates for our TES solutions. Our Value-Based solutions have already been deployed to several risk-bearing providers.
Strategic and Highly Disciplined Acquisitions
We have a demonstrated history of continuously expanding our relationships with clients through the addition of new solutions to our platform, both organically and through acquisitions. This includes the successful acquisition and integration of Gorman Health Group, HealthScape Advisors, LLC (“HealthScape Advisors”) and Pareto Intelligence, LLC (“Pareto Intelligence”). We also recently acquired HealthSmart International and intend to leverage its product development and supply chain expertise to introduce additional products and technologies to enhance the health at home benefit for MA members. Our differentiated partnership model and collaborative approach enable us to gain critical insights into our clients’ evolving needs. We intend to complement our internal innovation and strong organic growth opportunities with acquisitions of complementary technology solutions and services to continue to better serve our clients. Potential targets could include, among others, companies that would further strengthen our platform and technologies in clinical management, member marketing, provider data and network management, claims administration, as well as expansion of supplemental benefits management.
Sales and Marketing
We sell and market our solutions in three primary ways:
•cross-sales to existing clients utilizing our TES solutions;
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•selling TES solutions to clients served by our Advisory Services offerings; and
•sales to new clients.
Our Advisory team is critical to identifying opportunities where our existing clients can utilize our TES solutions, as their extensive executive level relationships provide critical insights into our clients’ strategic initiatives. We benefit significantly from the subject matter expertise, market credibility, thought leadership and relationships our executives and advisory team have within our industry and referrals from existing clients. While our sales and client service representatives are responsible for lead generation, they are primarily dedicated to the cross-selling and upselling of our solutions to existing clients. We deploy marketing strategies centered on initiatives that drive awareness of our company and our solutions in order to reach new customers. These initiatives include targeted direct marketing, advertising, trade show participation, workshops, web-based marketing activities, e-newsletters and customer and industry conferences.
Our Clients
Our clients consist primarily of health plans, specialty health companies and to a lesser degree providers. As of December 31, 2021, we served 169 clients, including nine of the nation’s top 10 health plans. Our two largest clients are two of the top 10 MA payors in the U.S. As of December 31, 2021, we served 36 of the top 50 MA and PDP plans.
We believe we serve as a trusted, solutions-oriented partner to our clients and foster long-term, collaborative relationships, with our average relationship for our top 10 clients of over eight years as of December 31, 2021. Revenue from our top 10 clients accounted for 75%, 77%, and 72% of our total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, our two largest clients, Cigna Corporate Services and United HealthCare Services, when aggregating all the solutions and services utilized by such clients across separate contracts with multiple product delivery solutions, represented 27.8%, and 18.9% of our total revenue, respectively, or collectively 46.7% of our total revenue during this period. As the MA payor market is relatively concentrated, we expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our total revenue from a limited number of key clients. See “Risk Factors — Our client base is highly concentrated and we currently depend on a small number of clients for a substantial portion of our total revenue, and this concentration exposes us disproportionately to effects from altered contracts with these clients.” While our client base is concentrated, we have multiple contractual relationships with our largest clients covering multiple product delivery solutions. In addition, for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we achieved 117%, 135%, and 142% NDR of our total client base, respectively. Figures for 2019 are based on the Successor period from June 13, 2019 to December 2019 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019.
Government Regulation
Substantially all of our business is directly or indirectly related to the healthcare industry and is affected by changes in the healthcare industry, including regulatory changes and fluctuations in healthcare spending. In the United States, the healthcare industry is highly regulated and subject to frequently changing political, legislative, regulatory and other influences. Participants in the healthcare industry, including our customers, are required to comply with extensive and complex federal and state laws and regulations, including those issued by CMS and other divisions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), as well as other laws and regulations relating to fraud and abuse, false claims, anti-kickback and privacy and data security laws and regulations. Although some laws and regulations do not directly apply to our business, these laws and regulations affect the business of our customers and in turn can affect the demand for our solutions.
Medicare, Medicare Advantage and Medicare Part D
Medicare
Medicare is a federal program administered by CMS through various contractors. Available to individuals age 65 and over, and certain other individuals, the Medicare program provides, among other things, healthcare benefits that cover, subject to limitations, the major costs of most medically necessary care for such individuals, subject to certain deductibles and copayments.
CMS has established guidelines for the coverage and reimbursement of certain products and procedures by Medicare. In general, to be reimbursed by Medicare, a healthcare procedure furnished to a Medicare beneficiary must be reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or treatment of an illness or injury, or to improve the functioning of a malformed body part. The methodology for determining coverage status and the amount of Medicare reimbursement varies based upon, among other factors, the setting in which a Medicare beneficiary received healthcare products and services. Medicare is subject to statutory and regulatory changes, retroactive and prospective rate adjustments, administrative rulings, interpretations of policy, intermediary determinations, and government funding restrictions, all of which may materially increase or decrease the rate of
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program payments to healthcare providers. Any such changes in federal legislation, regulations and policy affecting the entities with which we contract could have a material effect on our performance and revenue generation.
Medicare Advantage
Under the Medicare Advantage program, also known as Medicare Part C, the federal government contracts with private health insurers to provide members with Medicare Part A, Part B and Part D benefits. MA plans can be structured as Health Maintenance Organizations, Preferred Provider Organizations or private fee-for-service plans. In addition to covering Part A and Part B benefits, the health insurers may choose to offer supplemental benefits and impose higher premiums and plan costs on beneficiaries. Medicare beneficiaries that choose to participate in MA choose which health plan through which to receive their Medicare coverage. To assist beneficiaries with plan selection, CMS established a five-star quality rating system. Using this system, CMS publishes Star Ratings based on a variety of quality, patient satisfaction and performance measures for health plans on an annual basis. These ratings are based on data gathered from a variety of sources, including the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set, the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems program, the Medicare Health Outcome Survey, the Medicare Prescription Drug Program and CMS administrative data. CMS generally pays health insurance plans that participate in MA on a per capita basis. CMS makes certain adjustments based on service benchmarks and quality ratings.
Medicare Part D
The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (“MMA”) established the Medicare Part D program to provide a voluntary prescription drug benefit to Medicare beneficiaries. Under Part D, Medicare beneficiaries may enroll in prescription drug plans offered by private entities which will provide coverage of outpatient prescription drugs. The legislation expanded Medicare coverage for drug purchases by the elderly and introduced a new reimbursement methodology based on average sales prices for physician administered drugs. In addition, this legislation provided authority for limiting the number of drugs that will be covered in any therapeutic class. While the MMA applies only to drug benefits for Medicare beneficiaries, private payors often follow Medicare coverage policy and payment limitations in setting their own reimbursement rates. Therefore, any reduction in reimbursement that results from the MMA may result in a similar reduction in payments from private payors.
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
In the United States, federal and state legislatures and agencies periodically consider healthcare reform measures that may contain proposals to increase governmental involvement in healthcare, lower reimbursement rates or otherwise change the environment in which healthcare participants operate, including our customers. Our business could be affected by changes in healthcare laws, including the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (“ACA”), which was signed into law in March 2010. The ACA has changed how healthcare services are covered, delivered and reimbursed through expanded coverage of uninsured individuals, reduced Medicare program spending and insurance market reforms. The ACA has created major changes in how healthcare is delivered and reimbursed and generally increased access to health insurance benefits to the uninsured and underinsured population of the United States. Among other things, the ACA has increased the number of individuals with Medicaid and private insurance coverage, implemented reimbursement policies that tie payment to quality, facilitated the creation of accountable care organizations that may use capitation and other alternative payment methodologies, strengthened enforcement of fraud abuse laws and encouraged the use of information technology. While provisions of the ACA are not directly applicable to our business, the ACA affects the business of our customers, which may in turn affect our business.
HIPAA and other Health Information Laws
A significant portion of our business is regulated by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”). Among other things, HIPAA requires business associates and covered entities to comply with certain privacy and security requirements relating to protected health information and personally identifiable information and mandates the way certain types of healthcare services are coded and processed. We frequently act as a business associate to our covered entity clients and, as a result, collect, use, disclose and maintain the protected health information and personally identifiable information of individuals, as well as other financial, confidential and other proprietary information belonging to our customers and certain third parties from whom we obtain information (e.g., private insurance companies and financial institutions). HIPAA and other state laws and regulations and industry standards require us to establish and maintain reasonable and appropriate administrative, technical and physical safeguards to ensure the integrity, confidentiality and availability of electronic protected health information, which also includes information about the payment for healthcare services, as well as
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payment card data under the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard. These laws, regulations and standards, and the rules promulgated thereunder, are changed frequently by legislation, regulatory issuances or administrative interpretation. For instance, in January 2013, HHS issued the Omnibus Final Rule modifying and supplementing many of the standards and regulations under HIPAA. The Omnibus Final Rule significantly lowered the disclosure standards required for notifications of breaches in patient privacy and expanded the universe of available liability under certain of HIPAA’s requirements, including expanding direct liability for HIPAA’s requirements to companies such as ours, which act as business associates to covered entities.
HIPAA establishes privacy and security standards that limit the use and disclosure of protected health information and requires the implementation of administrative, physical and technical safeguards to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability of individually identifiable health information in electronic form, as well as breach notification procedures for breaches of protected health information and penalties for violation of HIPAA’s requirements for entities subject to its regulation. For example, HIPAA and its implementing regulations mandate format and data content standards and provider identifier standards (known as the National Provider Identifier) that must be used in certain electronic transactions, such as eligibility inquiries, and enforcement of compliance with these standards falls under HHS and is carried out by CMS. Violations of HIPAA’s requirements may result in civil and criminal penalties, which may be significant. State attorneys general also have the right to prosecute HIPAA violations committed against residents of their states. While HIPAA does not create a private right of action that would allow individuals to sue in civil court for HIPAA violations, its standards have been used as the basis for the duty of care in state civil suits, such as those for negligence or recklessness in misusing individuals’ health information. HHS is currently conducting audits of covered entities and business associates to assess their HIPAA compliance, and we may be subject to such an audit in our capacity as a business associate to our covered entity clients.
In addition to HIPAA, numerous other federal and state laws govern the collection, maintenance, protection, use, transmission, disclosure and disposal of protected health information and personally identifiable information, and these laws can be more restrictive than HIPAA, which means that entities subject to them must comply with the more restrictive state law in addition to complying with HIPAA. Not only may some of these state laws impose fines and penalties upon violators, but some state laws, unlike HIPAA, also afford private rights of action to individuals who believe their personal information has been misused. State laws are changing rapidly, and there is discussion of a new federal privacy law or federal breach notification law, to which we may be subject. We cannot predict how future federal or state privacy or similar laws and regulations may affect us or our customers. For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties affecting our business related to compliance with HIPAA and other federal and state laws and regulations, including the California Consumer Privacy Act and the California Privacy Rights Act, please see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Governmental Regulation — We are subject to complex, stringent and evolving laws, regulations and standards relating to data privacy and security (including the collection, storage, use, transfer, and processing of personally identifiable information), including protected health information, and any actual or perceived failure by us to comply with such laws, regulations or standards, or our own information security policies or contractual or other obligations relating to data privacy and security, could adversely affect our business, including our reputation among clients.”
Communications Laws
In addition, the United States regulates marketing and certain other communications by telephone and email, and individual states also impose restrictions on telephone marketing. The laws and regulations governing the use of emails and telephone calls for such purposes continue to evolve, and changes in technology, the marketplace or consumer preferences may lead to the adoption of additional laws or regulations or changes in interpretation of existing laws or regulations. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act, as amended (“TCPA”) and other federal and state laws prohibit companies from making telemarketing calls to numbers listed in the Federal Do-Not-Call Registry and impose other obligations and limitations on contacting our customers and our customers’ members. The Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act (“CAN-SPAM Act”) regulates commercial email messages and specifies penalties for the transmission of commercial email messages that do not comply with certain requirements, such as providing an opt-out mechanism for stopping future emails from senders. We are required to comply with these and similar laws, regulations and other requirements.
For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties affecting our business related to compliance with federal, state and other laws and regulations and other requirements, please see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Governmental Regulation — Recent and future developments in the healthcare industry could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition” and “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Governmental Regulation — We are unable to predict what changes to laws, regulations and other requirements, including related to contractual obligations, might be made in the future or how those changes could affect our business and the costs of compliance.”
Intellectual Property
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We rely upon a combination of trade secret, trademark, patent and copyright laws, license agreements, confidentiality policies and procedures, contractual provisions (e.g., intellectual property assignment agreements), nondisclosure agreements and technical measures of varying duration designed to establish, maintain and protect the intellectual property and other proprietary information and commercially valuable confidential information and data used in our business. We have registered or applied to register certain of our trademarks in the United States. We also license intellectual property and technology from third parties, including some that is incorporated into our solutions.
For example, with respect to the Miramar technology platform, which was internally-developed by the Company, the Company owns all right, title and interest in the copyrightable expression embodied in the source code for Miramar, the source code for Miramar is a trade secret of the Company, and the Company has obtained trademark protection for various products and features included in the Miramar platform.
We generally control access to and use of our proprietary software and other intellectual property, including the source code for Miramar, through the use of internal and external controls, including entering into nondisclosure, confidentiality and intellectual property assignment agreements with our employees and third parties.
The steps we have taken to protect our trade secrets, trademarks, patents and other intellectual property and proprietary information may not be adequate, and third parties could infringe, misappropriate or misuse our intellectual property. If this were to occur, it could harm our reputation and adversely affect our competitive position, business, results of operation or financial condition.
For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties affecting our business related to our protection of intellectual property and other proprietary information, please see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Information Technology and Intellectual Property — The protection of our intellectual property and proprietary rights requires substantial resources, and protections of our intellectual property and proprietary rights may not be adequate. Any failure to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights, or failure of our intellectual property and proprietary rights to be sufficiently broad, could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.”
Competition
We compete primarily with healthcare services and technology companies. We also compete in some cases with certain of our customers who themselves provide some of the same solutions that we offer or who may decide to perform internally some of the same solutions that we provide. In addition, certain major software, hardware, information systems and business process outsourcing companies, both with and without healthcare companies as their partners, may seek to offer competitive software and services.
Our TES solutions compete with:
•healthcare information system vendors that support providers or payors in their administration of MA (including the administration of supplemental benefits), Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Plan and Employer Group Waiver Plans;
•healthcare insurance companies, pharmacy benefit management and pharmacy benefit administrator companies, hospital management companies and pharmacies that provide or are developing electronic transaction and payment distribution services for use by providers or by their members and customers;
•healthcare payments and communication solutions providers, including financial institutions and payment processors that have invested in healthcare data management assets; and
•healthcare payment accuracy companies, and providers of other data products and data analytics solutions, including healthcare risk adjustment, quality, economic statistics and other data, and analytics solutions.
Our Advisory Services offerings compete with:
•National management consulting firms (including, but not limited to, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, Accenture plc, McKinsey & Company and other similar firms);
•Boutique consulting firms; and
•Internal consulting departments within our clients.
Employees and Human Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2021, we employed approximately 3,800 full-time employees, including approximately 550 full-time employees hired on a temporary basis in connection with seasonal volume increases and approximately 290 part-time
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employees and independent contractors. All of our employees and independent contractors are located in the United States except for approximately 340 individuals who were located in the Philippines as of December 31, 2021. We experience seasonal employee hiring practices primarily from September through December in connection with the Medicare annual enrollment period, which typically results in the hiring of a significant number of full-time employees on a temporary basis. None of our employees are represented by a labor union or are party to a collective bargaining agreement, and we have had no labor-related work stoppages.
Our human capital resources objectives include, as applicable, identifying, recruiting, retaining, incentivizing and integrating our existing and additional employees. The principal purposes of our equity incentive plans are to attract, retain and motivate selected employees, consultants and directors through the granting of stock-based compensation awards and cash based performance bonus awards.
Available Information
We make our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports, available free of charge at our website as soon as reasonably practicable after they have been filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Our website address is www.ir.conveyhealthsolutions.com. Information on our website is not part of this report. The SEC maintains a website that contains the materials we file with the SEC at www.sec.gov.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below, as well as the other information in this Form 10-K, including our financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K and in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” before deciding whether to invest in our common stock. The occurrence of any of the events or developments described below, if they occur, or other events, developments or risks not presently known to us or that we current deem immaterial, could materially affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. In such an event, the market price of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Summary Risk Factors
The following is a summary of some of the principal risks we face.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
•Our ability to retain our existing clients or attract new clients, and sell additional solutions and services to our clients.
•Our dependence on a small number of clients for a substantial portion of our total revenue.
•Our growth prospects may be limited if our clients’ growth prospects are limited or if the size of the total addressable markets in which we compete or expect that we may compete in the future contract or grow at materially lower rates than are currently expected.
•Our ability to achieve or maintain profitability in light of our history of net losses and our anticipation that we will increase expenses in the future.
•Federal reductions in Medicare Advantage funding.
•Significant consolidation in the healthcare industry, and decisions by clients to perform internally some of the same solutions or services we offer.
•The limited operating history we have with certain of our solutions, particularly in light of our recent history of expanding our business through acquisitions.
•A failure to deliver high-quality member management services to our clients’ members.
•The significant competition we face from healthcare services and technology companies.
•Risks related to acquisitions of other businesses or technologies and other significant transactions.
•Increases in labor costs, including due to changing minimum wage laws, and an overall tightening of the labor market.
•The long and unpredictable sales and integration cycles for our solutions.
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•An economic downturn or volatility, including as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
•Our ability to achieve market acceptance of new or updated solutions and services.
•Our reliance on third parties for certain components of our business.
•Our quarterly results of operations may fluctuate significantly due to seasonality.
•Our ability to achieve or maintain adequate utilization and suitable billing rates for our consultants, and our ability to deliver our services to our clients.
Risks Related to Governmental Regulation
•Recent and future developments in the Medicare Advantage market or the healthcare industry generally, including with respect to changing laws and regulations.
•The actual or perceived failure by us to comply with applicable laws, regulations and standards relating to data privacy and security.
Risks Related to Information Technology, Data Privacy and Intellectual Property
•Security breaches or incidents, failures and other disruptions of the information technology systems used in our business operations and of the sensitive information we collect, process, transmit, use and store.
•Disruptions in service, and other software and systems failures, affecting us and our vendors.
•Our ability to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights.
•Our ability to operate our business without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating the intellectual property or proprietary rights of third parties.
Risks Related to Our Capital Structure, Indebtedness and Capital Requirements
•Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition.
•The terms of our indebtedness restrict our current and future subsidiaries.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
•We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and we may fail to remediate these material weaknesses, and our internal control over financial reporting may not be effective.
•We are a “controlled company” and our principal stockholder, TPG, will continue to have significant influence over us.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
If we are unable to retain our existing clients or attract new clients, and sell additional solutions and services to our clients, our business, results of operations or financial condition would be adversely affected.
Our success depends substantially upon the retention of the existing clients that utilize our solutions and services, which include technology-based solutions and software advisory and analytics services, the attraction of new clients and our ability to sell additional solutions and services to our clients. We may not be able to retain our existing clients, attract new clients or sell additional solutions and services to our clients, if we are unable to provide solutions and services that existing or prospective clients believe address the key challenges they face in effectively managing their health plans or if our clients find our solutions and services unnecessary, unattractive or cost-ineffective. Our success in retaining and attracting clients will also depend, in part, on our ability to innovate successfully and be responsive to changes in the healthcare industry, technological developments, pricing pressures and changing business models.
To remain competitive in the evolving healthcare technology services markets, we must continuously upgrade our existing solutions and services and develop and introduce new and innovative solutions and services on a timely basis. Future advances in healthcare technology services could lead to new technologies, products or services that are competitive with our existing
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solutions and services, resulting in pricing pressures or rendering such solutions and services obsolete or otherwise not competitive. In addition, our ability to integrate these software solutions into clients’ existing health plan infrastructures could be challenged, which may impair our ability to retain clients and harm our reputation with existing and prospective clients. We also may not be able to retain or attract clients if our solutions or services contain errors or otherwise fail to perform properly, if our pricing structure is not competitive or if we are unable to renegotiate client contracts upon expiration.
Our revenue depends, in part, on our ability to maintain high client revenue retention rates and our future growth depends, in part, on attracting new clients and selling additional solutions and services to our clients. In addition, the costs associated with generating revenue can vary by the solution and, depending on the solution or service, or mix of solutions or services, utilized by particular clients, there may be substantial variation in the gross margins across our client base. As a result of an increasingly competitive landscape, we have had clients not renew their contracts with us. If we are unable to maintain client retention rates going forward, attract new clients or sell additional solutions and services to our clients, or if we experience increased non-renewal rates, our business, results of operations or financial condition would be adversely affected.
Our client base is highly concentrated and we currently depend on a small number of clients for a substantial portion of our total revenue, and this concentration exposes us disproportionately to effects from altered contracts with these clients.
We derive a large portion of our total revenue from a limited number of key clients. For the year ended December 31, 2021, our two largest clients, when aggregating all the solutions and services utilized by such clients across separate contracts with multiple product delivery solutions, represented 27.8% and 18.9% of our total revenue, respectively, or collectively 46.7% of our total revenue during this period. During this same period, these two clients accounted for 21.0% and 24.2% of our total accounts receivable, respectively, or collectively 45.2% of our total accounts receivable. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, these same clients, when aggregating all the solutions and services utilized by such clients across separate contracts with multiple product delivery solutions, represented 28.6% and 17.8% of our total revenue, respectively, or collectively 46.4% of our total revenue during this period. During this same period, these two clients accounted for 15.0% and 6.8% of our total accounts receivable, respectively, or collectively 21.8% of our total accounts receivable.
We typically enter into a master service agreement with clients in our Technology Enabled Solutions segment, which provides a framework for services that is then supplemented by statements of work, which specify the particulars of each individual engagement. Contracts with our top clients in our Technology Enabled Solutions segment, including our top two clients, typically have stated terms of one to six years, and many of our contracts with these clients renew automatically. However, our clients, including our top two clients, have no obligation to renew such contracts, and may seek to renegotiate terms less advantageous to us in advance of renewal, may renew with a reduced scope of services or pricing, may choose to discontinue one or more services under an existing contract, may exercise flexibilities within their contracts or may terminate their agreements (with or without cause) prior to such agreements’ expiration dates, generally without penalty. The occurrence of any of these events could reduce our revenue from these clients. In addition, our clients must adhere to extensive and oftentimes changing regulatory requirements and may from time to time be subject to sanctions or other penalties from the CMS or other government entities for failure to maintain compliance with all applicable requirements. Sanctions and other penalties levied on our clients from CMS or other government entities may negatively impact our clients’ business practices and our clients’ businesses generally, which could impact our relationships with these clients and reduce our revenue from these clients. Furthermore, some of our top clients are, and may in the future be, involved in litigation relating to the administration of their health plans or otherwise relating to their business practices. This type of litigation could have a material impact on some of our clients’ businesses and, as a result, may negatively impact our relationships with our clients and the demand for our services.
We expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our total revenue from a limited number of key clients. The concentration of a substantial portion of our business with a limited number of clients exposes us disproportionately to effects resulting from altered contracts with these clients or fewer client relationships (whether as a result of the termination of client relationships, client consolidation, impacts stemming from changed business practices at our clients as a result of sanctions, penalties or litigation or for other reasons). If we become dependent on altered contracts with clients, or fewer client relationships, we may become more vulnerable to adverse changes in our relationships with clients, and our business, results of operations or financial condition may suffer.
Our growth prospects may be limited, and our business, results of operations or financial condition may be adversely affected, if our clients’ growth prospects are limited or if the size of the total addressable markets in which we compete or expect that we may compete in the future contract or grow at materially lower rates than are currently expected.
The future growth and success of our business depends, in part, on the ability of our key clients to grow their businesses. If our clients do not continue to grow their businesses, whether as a result of factors affecting the healthcare industry in general or reasons specific to any of our clients, such as a decision by our clients to reduce the number of benefits available to their
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members, overall demand for our solutions and services could decrease, which would have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
In addition, the future growth and success of our business depends, in part, on the size of the total addressable markets in which we compete or expect that we may compete in the future. For example, we have primarily tailored our business and the solutions and services we offer to the Medicare Advantage market, which has recently experienced strong growth and enrollment trends. U.S. government and third-party industry sources have projected that Medicare Advantage will continue to see increased member enrollment due to many factors, including the growing share of individuals in the U.S. eligible for Medicare enrollment, the increasing tendency for these individuals to choose Medicare Advantage plans over traditional Medicare plans and a shift in the healthcare industry towards a value-based care model and away from a fee-for-service model. However, market size estimates and growth forecasts related to the Medicare Advantage and other markets are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may prove to be inaccurate. If these or other assumptions related to the size of the Medicare Advantage market and other markets in which we compete or expect we may compete in the future and the forecasted growth in such markets prove inaccurate, our growth prospects may be limited, and our business, results of operations or financial condition would be adversely affected. Further, even if the markets in which we compete meet our size estimates and forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at rates similar to those at which it has historically grown, if at all.
We have a history of net losses, we anticipate increasing expenses in the future, and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability.
We have incurred net losses during our history. We incurred net losses of $10.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, $6.5 million for December 31, 2020 and $16.8 million for the Successor period, respectively. Our accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2021, was $33.3 million.
We have encountered and will continue to encounter risks and difficulties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing industries, including increasing expenses as we continue to grow our business. We anticipate our losses may continue as we expect to invest in increasing our platform capabilities, expanding our operations, hiring additional employees and operating as a public company. These efforts may prove more costly than we currently anticipate, and we may not succeed in increasing our revenue sufficiently to offset these higher expenses. To date, we have financed our operations principally from revenue from our solutions and services and the incurrence of indebtedness. We may not generate positive cash flow from operations or profitability in any given period, and our limited operating history may make it difficult for you to evaluate our current business and future prospects.
Investments in our business may be more costly than we expect, and, if we do not achieve the benefits anticipated from these investments, or if the realization of these benefits is delayed, they may not result in increased revenue or growth in our business. If our growth rate were to decline significantly or become negative, it could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. If we are not able to achieve or maintain positive cash flow in the long term, we may require additional financing, which may not be available on favorable terms or at all or which would be dilutive to our stockholders. If we are unable to successfully address these risks and challenges as we encounter them, our business, results of operations or financial condition would be adversely affected. Our failure to achieve or maintain profitability could negatively impact the value of our common stock.
Federal reductions in Medicare Advantage funding could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
The majority of our revenues are derived from our contractual arrangements with health plan clients who participate in the government subsidized Medicare Advantage program. Medicare Advantage is a federally-administered program financed by federal funds. Medicare Advantage spending has increased rapidly in recent years, becoming a significant component of the federal budget. This, combined with slower state revenue growth, has led the federal government to institute measures aimed at controlling the growth of healthcare spending, including Medicare Advantage spending, and in some instances reducing aggregate healthcare spending, including Medicare Advantage spending. For example, Medicare remains subject to the automatic spending reductions imposed by the Budget Control Act of 2011 and the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (“sequestration”), subject to a 2% cap, which was extended by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 for an additional two years through 2027. In addition, future levels of funding for Medicare Advantage may be affected by continuing government efforts to contain healthcare costs and may further be affected by federal budgetary constraints. Congress periodically considers reducing or reallocating the amount of money it spends for healthcare programs, including the Medicare Advantage program. Adverse economic conditions may put pressures on federal budgets as tax and other federal revenues decrease while the population that is eligible to participate in Medicare Advantage programs increases, creating more need for funding. This may
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require CMS to find funding alternatives, which may result in reductions in funding for the Medicare Advantage program or contraction of covered benefits. In addition, while talks appear to have stalled or ended, the U.S. Congress may again try to or in the future pass a significant domestic social spending bill; reports related to prior versions of such a bill had indicated that cuts to Medicare Advantage have been considered to help pay for the bill. Such cuts may also be considered or implemented to pay for future spending or other bills. Reductions in funding for the Medicare Advantage program may impact our health plan clients’ business operations, and may lead our health plan clients to reduce the number of Medicare Advantage health plans and the variety and level of benefits offered through such plans. Reductions in funding may also lead to decreased membership in Medicare Advantage health plans, or cause membership to grow at lower levels than we currently expect. Changes to our clients’ business operations stemming from reductions in Medicare Advantage funding, including if such changes result in decreased health plan membership or reduced benefits levels, could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Significant consolidation in the healthcare industry, and decisions by clients to perform internally some of the same solutions or services that we offer, could adversely alter our relationships with clients and harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.
The healthcare industry in the United States has experienced significant consolidation in recent years. Many healthcare organizations, including some of our clients, have consolidated to create larger enterprises with greater market power. This consolidation trend could give the resulting enterprises greater bargaining power, which may lead to downward price pressure on our solutions or services, or less demand for them, or both. Consolidation in the health insurance industry, particularly involving any of our key clients, could cause a loss of, or changes in, our relationship with that client and may reduce or eliminate our revenue from that client if our solutions and services are no longer utilized by that client at all or in the same capacity as they were utilized prior to the consolidation. If one of our existing clients combines with another healthcare organization that does not use our services, we may be required to compete to retain our existing client’s business. In the future, due to this consolidation, we may be faced with a reduced number of potential clients and derive a greater portion of our revenue from a more concentrated number of clients as our business and the healthcare industry evolve. Any of these effects could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.
In addition, we face substantial competition from many healthcare services and technology companies, including the growing presence of large technology companies entering the healthcare market. See “— We face significant competition, which may harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.” Some of our existing clients compete with us, or may do so in the future by electing to perform internally any of the business processes our solutions address, either because they believe they can provide such processes more efficiently internally or otherwise. As a result, we may lose such clients, or the volume of our business with such clients may be reduced, which could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our revenue would be adversely affected if we are unable to maintain currently existing levels of business with any of our key clients and if we are unable to offset any loss of business with alternative clients. We expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our total revenue from a limited number of key clients, and any impairment of our relationship with, or the material financial impairment of, these clients could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. See “— Our client base is highly concentrated and we currently depend on a small number of clients for a substantial portion of our total revenue, and this concentration exposes us disproportionately to effects from altered contracts with these clients.”
We have significantly expanded our business in recent years and, as such, have a limited operating history with certain of our solutions, which makes it difficult to predict our future results of operations.
We have significantly expanded our business in recent years, including the solutions and services we offer to clients. Our acquisition of Gorman Health Group in October 2017 followed by our acquisition of HealthScape Advisors in November 2018 created the foundation of our Advisory Services segment, and our acquisition of Pareto Intelligence in November 2018 expanded the analytics capabilities of our TES business. We believe our acquisition of HealthSmart International in February 2022 enhances our ability to provide best-in-class services to the nation’s top health plans. As a result of our limited operating history with the capabilities obtained through each of these acquisitions, as well as additional solutions and services developed through our organic growth since the completion of these acquisitions, our ability to accurately forecast our future results of operations is limited and subject to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to plan for and model future growth. Our historical revenue and growth trends should not be considered indicative of our future performance. If our assumptions regarding the value proposition of our solutions and our ability to be able to cross-sell and up-sell our solutions, particularly to clients currently served by our Advisory Segment business that do not currently utilize any of the solutions offered by our TES business, prove incorrect or change based on any numbers of factors, our business, results of operations or financial condition could differ materially from our expectations.
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A failure to deliver high-quality member management services to our clients’ members could adversely affect our reputation and our relationship with our clients and could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our clients depend on us to directly implement technological solutions and services that improve the health plan member experience, including with respect to optimizing members’ health plan selections, assisting members to effectively navigate available benefits, obtain appropriate care, and efficiently resolve members’ clinical and non-clinical inquiries. Delivering comprehensive and high-quality member management services requires that our professional staff have technical, healthcare, compliance and other relevant knowledge and expertise. Because we act as a partner to health plans and are trusted to engage directly with health plan members, particularly in connection with our supplemental benefits program, our reputation is highly dependent on, among other things, the quality of the member management services we offer to our clients’ health plan members and our ability to effectively engage with them relating to their healthcare and benefits needs. We may be unable to accurately predict our clients’ or their health plan members’ demand for certain services or accommodate short-term increases in demand for certain services, and we may experience issues with the third parties on which we rely that impact our clients’ members for reasons that are beyond our control. See “— Third parties on which we rely, including to procure inventory for our supplemental benefits solution and to deliver products to health plan members, may not perform satisfactorily or at all, and our reliance on any third party for the distribution of supplemental benefits carries material risks.” A failure to offer high-quality and effective direct services, or a market perception that we do not offer high-quality and effective direct services, would harm our reputation and our relationship with clients, which could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We face significant competition, which may harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We face substantial competition primarily from healthcare services and technology companies, including the growing presence of large technology companies entering the healthcare market. We also compete in some cases with certain of our customers who themselves provide some of the same solutions that we offer or who may decide to perform internally some of the same solutions that we provide. This vigorous competition requires us to provide high quality, innovative products at a competitive price. These competitive threats will likely remain or expand in the future. Our TES solutions compete with:
•healthcare information system vendors that support providers or payors in their administration of Medicare Advantage (including the administration of supplemental benefits), Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Plan and Employer Group Waiver Plans;
•healthcare insurance companies, pharmacy benefit management and pharmacy benefit administrator companies, hospital management companies and pharmacies that provide or are developing electronic transaction and payment distribution services for use by providers or by their members and customers;
•healthcare payments and communication solutions providers, including financial institutions and payment processors that have invested in healthcare data management assets; and
•healthcare payment accuracy companies; and providers of other data products and data analytics solutions, including healthcare risk adjustment, quality, economic statistics and other data; and other data and analytics solutions.
Our Advisory Services offerings compete with similar offerings of:
•national management consulting firms (including, but not limited to, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, Accenture plc, McKinsey & Company and other similar firms);
•boutique consulting firms; and
•internal consulting departments within our clients.
In addition, certain major software, hardware, information systems and business process outsourcing companies, both with and without healthcare companies as their partners, may seek to offer competitive software and services. We cannot fully anticipate whether or when companies in adjacent or other product, service or technology areas may launch competitive products, and any such entry may lead to product obsolescence, loss of market share or erosion of prices. The extent of this competition varies by the size of companies, geographical coverage and scope and breadth of products and services offered. Within certain of the markets in which we operate, our competitors are significantly larger and have greater financial or other resources and have established reputations for success. In addition, many large and well-funded technology companies are pursuing opportunities to enter the healthcare market, and consolidation activity through strategic mergers, acquisitions and joint ventures may result in new competitors that can offer a broader range of products and services or may have greater scale or a lower cost structure.
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Additionally, the pace of change in the healthcare technology and information systems market is rapid, and there are frequent new solution introductions, solution enhancements and evolving industry standards and requirements. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to upgrade our existing solutions or services, or introduce new solutions or services at the same rate as our competitors, or at all, nor can we guarantee that such upgrades or new solutions or services will achieve market acceptance over or among competitive offerings, or at all. Competitors may also commercialize products, services or technologies that render our solutions obsolete or less marketable.
These competitive pressures could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Acquisitions of other businesses or technologies and other significant transactions, including dispositions, involve many risks and such acquisitions could disrupt our business and harm our results of operations or financial condition.
We have in the past acquired businesses, such as Gorman Health Group in October 2017, Pareto Intelligence and HealthScape Advisors in November 2018 and HealthSmart International in February 2022 and may in the future decide to acquire other businesses, products and technologies or enter into strategic alliances or joint ventures (a “Transaction”). These Transactions could require significant capital infusions and involve many risks, including the following:
•a Transaction may require us to incur unanticipated costs or liabilities or may cause adverse tax consequences, substantial depreciation or deferred compensation charges;
•a Transaction undertaken for strategic business purposes may negatively impact our results of operations;
•we may encounter difficulties in assimilating and integrating the acquired business, including the technologies, products, personnel or operations of the acquired company, particularly if key personnel of the acquired company decide not to work for us;
•a Transaction may disrupt our ongoing business, divert resources, increase our expenses and distract our management;
•we may be required to implement or improve internal controls, procedures and policies appropriate for a public company at a business that prior to the acquisition lacked these controls, procedures and policies;
•the acquired businesses may have unexpected liabilities that we will be forced to assume;
•Transactions have in the past and may in the future require us to incur significant indebtedness, including borrowings under our Credit Agreement;
•the acquired businesses, products or technologies may not generate sufficient revenue to offset acquisition costs or to maintain our financial results; and
•a Transaction may involve the entry into geographic or business markets in which we have little or no prior experience.
In addition, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to goodwill and other intangible assets, which must be assessed for impairment at least annually. In the future, if our acquisitions do not yield expected returns, we may be required to take charges to our operating results based on this impairment assessment process, which could adversely affect our results of operations. We may use shares of our common stock and equity-linked securities as consideration for acquisitions, and, as a result, we may issue additional shares of our common stock to pay for future acquisitions and a decline in the market price of our common stock may inhibit our ability to successfully pursue future acquisitions.
In addition, we may divest assets or otherwise discontinue businesses that are no longer a part of our strategy. For example, on February 9, 2018, we announced a plan to abandon our Business Processing Outsourcing unit, and all run off operations associated with our Business Processing Outsourcing unit ceased in the first quarter of 2020. For more information regarding this discontinued operation, see Note 17. Discontinued Operations, to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K. Divestitures or other similar strategic endeavors require significant investment of time and resources, may disrupt our business and distract management from other responsibilities and may result in losses on disposition or continued financial involvement in the divested business, including through indemnification or other financial arrangements, for a period following the transaction, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify or consummate any future Transaction on favorable terms, or at all. If we do pursue a Transaction, it is possible that we may not realize the anticipated benefits from the Transaction or that the
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financial markets or investors will view the Transaction negatively. Even if we successfully complete a Transaction, it could disrupt our business or harm our results of operations or financial condition.
Increases in labor costs, including wages, and an overall tightening of the labor market, could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
The labor costs associated with our business are subject to several external factors, including unemployment levels and the quality and the size of the labor market, prevailing wage rates, minimum wage laws, wages and other forms of remuneration and benefits offered to prospective employees by competitor employers, potential collective bargaining arrangements, health insurance costs and other insurance costs and changes in employment and labor legislation or other workplace regulation. From time to time, including following the 2020 U.S. presidential election, legislative proposals are made or otherwise discussed to increase the federal minimum wage in the United States, as well as the minimum wage in a number of individual states and municipalities, and to reform entitlement programs, such as health insurance and paid leave programs. These proposals and discussions have become increasingly common in the current political environment. In addition, from time to time, including recently, the labor market becomes increasingly competitive. If we are unable to mitigate wage rate increases driven by increases to the minimum wage or the increasingly competitive labor market through automation and other labor savings initiatives, our labor costs may increase, which could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
If minimum wage rates increase due to changes in regulation, or in the event we must offer increased wages or other competitive benefits and incentives to attract qualified personnel, we have increased and may continue to increase not only the wage rates of our minimum wage employees, but also the wages paid to our other employees as well, and we may need to offer such employees other competitive benefits and incentives. Further, should we fail to increase our wages competitively in response to increasing wage rates, the quality of our workforce could decline, causing certain aspects of our business, such as our client service, to suffer. Increases in labor costs could force us to increase our fees, which could adversely impact sales of our solutions and services to existing clients and prospects and the attractiveness of our solutions and services to existing clients and prospects. We have experienced an overall tightening and increasingly competitive labor market and have recently experienced and expect to continue to experience some labor cost pressures. If we are unable to hire and retain employees capable of performing at a high level, such as by providing a high level of client service, manage labor cost pressures, or if mitigating measures we take in response to increased labor costs, such as utilizing increased automation in how we deliver certain of our solutions and services to clients, have unintended negative effects, including on client service, our business would be adversely affected. If competitive pressures or other factors prevent us from offsetting increased labor costs, our profitability may decline and could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
In addition, increases in the minimum wage driven by changes in state law may cause increases in costs other than those directly attributable to the increased wage, including costs related to moving certain of our operations to different states and hiring and training new work forces in these areas. An increase in these types of costs may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Long and unpredictable sales and integration cycles for our solutions may adversely impact our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our sales process entails planning discussions with our clients or prospective clients, analyzing their existing health plan infrastructure, including the solutions and services utilized from their existing partners, and identifying how these potential clients can use and benefit from our solutions. The sales cycle for a new client, from the time of prospect qualification to the completion of the first sale is subject to significant variation, and can take from as short as one month or extend beyond one year. We spend substantial time, effort and money in our sales efforts without any assurance that our efforts will result in the sale of our solutions. Implementing, replacing or expanding a health plan administrative partner is a major decision for the client or prospective client. Many of our solutions require a substantial capital investment and time commitment by the client. Clients may choose to maintain their existing plan administration services providers to avoid the financial cost and time commitment of switching to our solutions. When a client decides to use our services, additional time is required to integrate our solutions into the client’s health plan infrastructure. If the integration process is not executed successfully or is delayed, our relationship with the client may be adversely affected. Our ability to grow our business depends, in part, on expanding the use of our solutions with new clients and deepening our relationships with existing clients. Any decision by our existing clients or prospective clients to delay purchasing decisions or not to utilize our solutions at all, or unanticipated difficulties with integrating our solutions with clients’ existing infrastructure, would adversely impact our business, results of operations or financial condition.
An economic downturn or volatility, including as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
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Our business has been and may continue to be affected by a number of factors beyond our control, such as general geopolitical, economic and business conditions and conditions in the financial markets. The U.S. and world economies have experienced significant economic uncertainty and volatility during recent years and that uncertainty and volatility has become more acute due to the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of such economic uncertainty and volatility in the United States and other countries, we may experience the negative effects of increased financial pressures on our clients, which could reduce the demand for our solutions and services by causing clients to terminate, or elect not to renew, existing contracts with us or to not enter into new contracts with us. If we are not able to timely and appropriately adapt to changes resulting from an uncertain or volatile economic environment, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
In particular, the COVID-19 pandemic has had and continues to have widespread, rapidly evolving and unpredictable impacts on global society, economies, financial markets and business practices. Federal, state and local governments have implemented varying measures in an effort to contain the virus, including social distancing, travel restrictions, border closures, limitations on public gatherings, work from home and supply chain logistical changes. While some of these actions have eased, escalating transmission rates (including of the Delta and Omicron variants of COVID-19), uneven vaccination and vaccination booster rates and further governmental guidance and orders may result in having to reimplement certain of these measures or implementing new and additional ones. We remain focused on protecting the health and well-being of our employees, our clients and our clients’ members while assuring the continuity of our business operations. The COVID-19 impact on our business resulted in elongated sales cycles, postponement of customer contract renewals, and slower implementation of software solutions for our clients, as well as a reduction in billable hours in one of our reportable segments, Advisory Services.
We have developed and implemented a range of measures to address the risks, uncertainties, and operational challenges associated with operating in a COVID-19 environment. We have also increased our interaction with our vendors to continue to monitor and manage inventory levels and are updating our systems regularly to provide current availability information to members. We have taken and will continue to take, proactive measures to provide for the well-being of our workforce while continuing to safely run our operations. We have implemented alternative working practices, which include, modified work schedules, shift rotation and work at home abilities for appropriate employees to best ensure adequate social distancing. In addition, we increased cleaning protocols throughout our facilities. Certain of these measures have resulted in increased costs. Our business, results of operations or financial condition could be further impacted by delays in payments from clients, supply chain interruptions, extended “shelter in place” orders or advisories, warehouse or facility COVID-19 outbreaks or closures or for other reasons related to the pandemic. In addition, the Biden Administration had previously announced, a plan directing the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to issue an emergency temporary standard requiring all private employers with 100 or more workers to mandate COVID-19 vaccinations or a weekly test for all employees (the “Biden ETS”). While the administration has since withdrawn the Biden ETS, reports indicate that it still intends to pursue a permanent vaccination requirement; although the details of any such requirement are currently unknown, it is possible that the cost of compliance may be substantial should the Company need to implement such a requirement.
Although the overall impact of COVID-19 on our business has been limited so far, such effects, if they continue, may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic and the various responses to the COVID-19 pandemic will impact our business, operations or financial condition continues to depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including, but not limited to, the duration, severity and scope of the COVID-19 pandemic (including due to new variants such as Delta and Omicron); actions by governmental entities, businesses and individuals that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the effect on our clients and demand by clients, clients and our clients’ members for and ability to pay for our solutions and services; and disruptions or restrictions on our employees’ ability to work and travel. The impact of these factors and others on our suppliers and clients could persist for some time after governments ease their restrictions and after the overall number of COVID-19 cases in the United States decreases. To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business, results of operations or financial condition, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.
Achieving market acceptance of new or updated solutions and services is necessary in order for such solutions and services to become profitable and will likely require significant efforts and expenditures.
The market for healthcare in the United States is in the early stages of structural change and is evolving towards a more value-based model, and increased technological innovation and adoption in the healthcare industry is transforming the healthcare industry’s business models. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to keep pace with technological developments, satisfy increasingly sophisticated and changing client and health plan member requirements and expectations and achieve market acceptance of new or updated solutions and services. Achieving market acceptance for new or updated solutions and services is likely to require substantial technological and sales and marketing efforts and the expenditure of significant funds to create awareness and demand by existing and prospective clients of our solutions and services. We may not be
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successful in responding to technological and regulatory developments or changing client needs. If we are unable to predict client preferences or industry changes, or if we are unable to modify our existing and future services on a timely or cost-effective basis, we may lose clients and our business, results of operations or financial condition may be adversely affected.
In addition, regulatory, operational or client-imposed requirements may impact the profitability of particular solutions and client engagements. The pace of change in the markets served by us is rapid, and there are frequent new solution and service introductions by competitors. If we do not respond successfully to technological and regulatory changes, as well as evolving industry standards and client demands, our solutions and services may become obsolete. Technological changes also may result in the offering of competitive solutions and services at lower prices than we currently charge for our solutions and services, which could result in us losing sales unless we lower the prices we charge or provide additional efficiencies or capabilities to the client. If we lower our prices on some of our solutions or services, we will need to increase margins on other solutions or services in order to achieve and maintain overall profitability. The failure to demonstrate to existing and potential clients the benefits of our existing and future services and the failure to achieve market acceptance of new or updated solutions for any reason could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Third parties on which we rely, including to procure inventory for our supplemental benefits solution and to deliver products to health plan members, may not perform satisfactorily or at all, and our reliance on any third party for the distribution of supplemental benefits carries material risks.
We rely on third parties in several components of our business, including in connection with administering our supplemental benefits solution. Our general reliance on third parties in the supply chain entails many risks, including: reliance on the third party for regulatory compliance and quality assurance, the possible breach of the agreement with the third party, the possible termination or non-renewal of the agreement by the third party at a time that is costly or inconvenient for us and disruptions to the operations of our manufacturers or suppliers caused by conditions unrelated to our business or operations, including the bankruptcy of the manufacturer or supplier or a catastrophic event affecting our manufacturers or suppliers. Additionally, even if we are party to an agreement pursuant to which a third party is contractually obligated to indemnify us for any costs incurred as a result of the breach of an agreement by a third party, the indemnifying party may be unable or otherwise unwilling to uphold its contractual obligations.
Certain of our health plan clients depend on us to procure inventory for our supplemental benefits solution and to deliver products to their members. Any changes in, or disruptions to, our ability to procure this inventory or in the shipping arrangements we use to deliver products to health plan members could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. We have experienced and continue to experience supply chain challenges and those challenges have adversely impacted our business, results of operations or financial condition. We currently rely on third-party providers to deliver the supplemental benefits products that we offer. If we are not able to negotiate acceptable pricing and other terms with these providers, or if these providers experience performance problems or other difficulties in processing our orders or delivering our products to our clients’ members, it could negatively impact our results of operations and the experience of our clients’ members. For example, changes to the terms of our shipping arrangements may adversely impact our margins and profitability. In addition, our ability to receive inbound inventory efficiently and ship products to clients’ members may be negatively affected by factors beyond our and these providers’ control, including inclement weather, fire, flood, power loss, earthquakes, acts of war or terrorism, pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, or other events specifically impacting our or other shipping partners, such as labor disputes, financial difficulties, system failures and other disruptions to the operations of the shipping companies on which we rely. Although we do not manufacture supplemental benefits products ordered by our clients’ members, including OTC medications and other medical products, these items may be defective, faulty or may otherwise cause harm to the members receiving and using such OTC medications or other medical products. If OTC medications or other medical products ordered by members through our supplement benefits offerings are defective, faulty or otherwise cause harm to members, we may be subject to litigation, including involving product liability claims, or our reputation may be adversely affected among our clients or our clients’ health plan members.
We are also subject to risks of damage or loss during delivery by our shipping vendors. Additionally, competitors or prospective competitors may offer low-cost or free shipping, fast shipping times, favorable return policies and other features that could be difficult for us to match, or could be a reason our clients’ members choose not to buy supplemental benefits from us. If the products ordered by our clients’ members are not delivered in a timely fashion or are damaged or lost during the delivery process, our clients’ members could become dissatisfied and cease buying supplemental benefits products through us, which would adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our quarterly results of operations may fluctuate significantly due to seasonality.
We believe there are significant seasonal factors that may cause us to record higher revenue in some quarters compared with others. We typically generate outsized revenue in the fourth quarter primarily due to increased member utilization of
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supplemental benefits within our Technology Enabled Solutions segment. The supplemental benefit programs, including products, we support may include an in-year roll-over provision, in which benefits not used during the calendar year accumulate and are available for members to use prior to the end of the following calendar year. Similarly, we typically incur outsized expenses in the fourth quarter, driven by the increased member utilization of supplemental benefits described above, as well as increased costs related to our advanced plan administration solutions, that are within our Technology Enabled Solutions segment, for managing the Medicare annual election period. As part of these expenses, we also experience seasonal employee hiring practices primarily from September through December in connection with the Medicare annual enrollment period, which typically results in the hiring of a significant number of full-time employees on a temporary basis.
The seasonality of our business could cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate as the results of an interim financial period may not be indicative of our full year results. Seasonality also impacts relative revenue and profitability of each quarter of the year, both on a quarter-to-quarter basis and year-over-year basis. This seasonality could change in the future due to other factors, including as a result of changes in timing of health plan enrollment periods and changes in the laws and regulations that govern the sale of health insurance. We may not be able to timely adjust to changes in the seasonality of our business. If the timing of the enrollment periods for health insurance changes, we may not be able to timely adapt to changes in client demand. If we are not successful in responding to changes in the seasonality of our business, our business, results of operations or financial condition would be adversely affected.
Our financial results could suffer if we are unable to achieve or maintain adequate utilization and suitable billing rates for our consultants, or if we are unable to deliver our services due to factors that disrupt travel to our client sites.
Our profitability depends, in part, on the utilization and billing rates of the professionals in our Advisory Services segment. Utilization of our professionals is affected by a number of factors, including:
•the number and size of our engagements;
•the timing of the commencement, completion and termination of engagements, which in many cases is unpredictable;
•our ability to transition our consultants efficiently from completed engagements to new engagements;
•the hiring of additional consultants because there is generally a transition period for new consultants that results in a temporary drop in our utilization rate;
•unanticipated changes in the scope of client engagements;
•our ability to forecast demand for our services; and
•conditions affecting the industries in which we practice as well as general economic conditions.
The billing rates of our consultants that we are able to charge are also affected by a number of factors, including:
•our clients’ perception of our ability to add value through our services;
•the market demand for the services we provide;
•introduction of new services by us or our competitors;
•our competition and the pricing policies of our competitors; and
•current economic conditions.
If we are unable to achieve and maintain adequate overall utilization as well as maintain or increase the billing rates for our consultants in our Advisory Services segment, our financial results could suffer. In addition, our consultants oftentimes perform services at the physical locations of our clients. If there are natural disasters, widespread outbreaks of contagious disease (including the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic), disruptions to travel and transportation or problems with communications systems, our ability to perform services for, and interact with, our clients at their physical locations may be negatively impacted, which could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our Advisory Services segment in particular relies on a combination of fixed-fee engagements and performance-based engagements, the profitability of which can be unpredictable.
We have entered into and expect to continue to enter into fixed-fee engagements, particularly with our Advisory Services clients. The profitability of our fixed-fee engagements may not meet our expectations if we underestimate the cost of these engagements. When making proposals for fixed-fee engagements, we estimate the costs and timing for completing the
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engagements. These estimates reflect our best judgment regarding the efficiencies of our methodologies and consultants as we plan to deploy them on engagements. Any increased or unexpected costs or unanticipated delays in connection with the performance of fixed-fee engagements, including delays caused by factors outside of our control or for the scope of fixed-fee engagements to extend beyond what had initially been contemplated without a corresponding increase in the fees charged, could make these types of contracts less profitable or unprofitable, which could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
In addition, we have entered into and may in the future enter into engagement agreements with clients pursuant to which our fees include a significant performance-based component. Revenues from our performance-based engagements are difficult to predict, and the timing and extent of recovery of our costs is uncertain. Performance-based fees are contingent on the achievement of specific measures, such as our clients meeting cost-saving or other contractually-defined goals. The achievement of these contractually-defined goals may be subject to acknowledgment by the client and is often impacted by factors outside of our control, such as the actions of the client or other third parties. To the extent that any revenue is contingent upon the achievement of a performance target, we recognize such revenue using a process that requires us to make significant management judgments, estimates and assumptions. While we believe that the estimates and assumptions we have used for revenue recognition are reasonable, subsequent changes could have an impact on our future financial results. The percentage of our revenues derived from performance-based fee arrangements may result in increased volatility in our working capital requirements and greater variations in our quarter-to-quarter results, which could affect the price of our common stock. In addition, an increase in the proportion of performance-based fee arrangements may temporarily offset the positive effect on our operating results from an increase in our utilization rate until the related revenues are recognized.
Operating and growing our business may require additional capital, and, if capital is not available to us, our business, results of operations or financial condition may suffer.
Operating and growing our business may require further investments in our business. We may be presented with opportunities that we want to pursue, and unforeseen challenges may present themselves, any of which could cause us to require additional capital. Our business model does not require us to hold a significant amount of cash and cash equivalents at any given time and, if our cash needs exceed our expectations or we experience rapid growth, we could experience strain in our cash flow, which could adversely affect our operations in the event we are unable to obtain other sources of liquidity. If we seek to raise funds through equity or debt financing, those funds may prove to be unavailable, may only be available on terms that are not acceptable to us or may result in significant dilution to you or higher levels of leverage. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us, when we require it, our ability to continue to pursue our business objectives and to respond to business opportunities, including potential acquisitions, challenges or unforeseen circumstances could be significantly limited, and our business, results of operations or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
If we fail to manage future growth effectively, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be harmed.
We have expanded our operations significantly, including through acquisitions, and anticipate that further expansion may be required in order for us to grow our business. Our growth has placed and could continue to place increasing and significant demands on our management, our operational and financial systems and infrastructure and our other resources. If we do not effectively manage our growth, the quality of our services could suffer, which could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition. In order to manage future growth, we will need to hire, integrate and retain highly skilled and motivated employees. We may not be able to hire new employees quickly enough to meet our needs. If we fail to effectively manage our hiring needs and successfully integrate our new hires, our efficiency and ability to meet our forecasts and our employee morale, productivity and retention could suffer, and our business, results of operations or financial condition could be harmed. We will also be required to continue to improve our existing systems for operational and financial management, including our reporting systems, procedures and controls. These improvements may require significant capital expenditures and could place increasing demands on our management. We may not be successful in managing or expanding our operations or in maintaining adequate financial and operating systems and controls. If we do not successfully implement improvements in these areas, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be harmed.
If we are unable to attract, train, motivate and retain senior management and other qualified personnel, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be negatively affected.
Our success depends in large part on our ability to attract and retain senior management personnel, as well as technically qualified and highly skilled technical, operational, sales, consulting, finance and marketing personnel. It could be difficult, time consuming and expensive to identify, recruit, and onboard any key management member or other critical personnel. Competition for highly skilled personnel is often intense. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified individuals, our ability to compete in the markets for our solutions would be adversely affected, which would have a negative impact on our business,
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results of operations or financial condition. Our competitors may be successful in recruiting and hiring members of our management team or other key employees, including key employees obtained through our acquisitions, and it may be difficult for us to find suitable replacements on a timely basis, on competitive terms or at all.
Changes in management or other critical personnel may be disruptive to our business and might also result in our loss of unique skills, loss of knowledge about our business and the departure of other existing employees. The loss of one or more of our key employees could significantly harm our business. If we are unable to attract, integrate, or retain the qualified and highly skilled personnel required to fulfill our current or future needs, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be harmed.
Effective succession planning is also important to the long-term success of our business. If we fail to ensure the effective transfer of knowledge and smooth transitions involving key employees, it could hinder our strategic planning and execution. The loss of senior management or any ineffective transitions in management could significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our development and strategic objectives, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our international operations subject us to additional risks which could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We have certain business operations located in the Philippines. Countries outside of the United States may be subject to relatively higher degrees of political and social instability and may lack the infrastructure to withstand political unrest or natural disasters. These risks and challenges include, but are not limited to:
•difficulties and costs of staffing and managing foreign operations, including any impairment to relationships with employees caused by a reduction in force;
•restrictions imposed by local labor practices and laws on our business and operations;
•exposure to different business practices and legal standards;
•unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;
•political, social and economic stability and the risk of war, terrorist activities or other international incidents;
•the failure of telecommunications and connectivity infrastructure;
•natural disasters and public health emergencies, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic; and
•potentially adverse tax consequences, including the possible imposition of increased withholding taxes.
The factors set forth above could interfere with work performed by labor sources in these areas or could result in our having to replace or reduce these labor sources.
The practice of utilizing labor based in foreign countries has come under increased scrutiny in the United States. Governmental authorities, including CMS, could seek to impose financial costs or restrictions on foreign companies providing services to clients or companies in the United States. Governmental authorities may attempt to prohibit or otherwise discourage us from sourcing services from offshore labor. In addition, clients may require us to use labor based in the United States for regulatory or other reasons. To the extent that we are required to use labor based in the United States, we may face increased costs as a result of higher-priced United States-based labor.
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and other applicable anti-corruption laws and regulations prohibit certain types of payments by our employees, vendors and agents. Any violation of the applicable anti-corruption laws or regulations by us, our subsidiaries or our local agents could expose us to significant penalties, fines, settlements, costs and consent orders that may curtail or restrict our business as it is currently conducted and could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Contractual relationships with private insurers that are funded by government programs may impose special burdens on us and provide special benefits to those clients.
A large portion of our revenue comes from private insurers that are funded by government programs. Our contracts with private insurers may be subject to some or all of the following:
•termination when appropriated funding for the current fiscal year is exhausted;
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•termination for the governmental client’s convenience, subject to a negotiated settlement for costs incurred and profit on work completed, along with the right to place contracts out for bid before completion of the full contract term, as well as the right to make unilateral changes in contract requirements, subject to negotiated price adjustments;
•compliance and reporting requirements related to, among other things, agency-specific policies and regulations, information security, subcontracting requirements, equal employment opportunity, affirmative action for veterans and workers with disabilities and accessibility for the disabled;
•broad audit rights;
•ownership of inventions made with federal funding under the Bayh-Dole Act; and
•specialized remedies for breach and default, including set-off rights, risk allocation, retroactive price adjustments and civil or criminal fraud penalties, re-procurement expenses, as well as mandatory administrative dispute resolution procedures instead of state contract law remedies.
In addition, certain violations of federal and state law may result in termination of our contracts with private insurers, and, under certain circumstances, suspension or debarment from future such contracts.
We face inspections, reviews, audits and investigations from health plans. These audits could have adverse findings that may negatively affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Because we support our health plan clients’ participation in Medicare and other government-sponsored healthcare programs, we are subject to inspections, reviews, audits and investigations by them to verify our compliance with these programs, applicable laws and regulations and contractual requirements. We also periodically conduct internal audits and reviews of our regulatory compliance. An adverse inspection, review, audit or investigation could result in:
•refunding amounts or paying penalties assessed by the health plans;
•state or federal agencies imposing fines, penalties and other sanctions on us;
•decertification or exclusion from participation in one or more health plan networks;
•self-disclosure of violations to applicable regulatory authorities;
•damage to our reputation; and
•loss of certain rights under, or termination of, our contracts with health plans.
The outcome of any current or future inspection, review, audit or investigation cannot be accurately predicted, nor can we predict any of the results noted above. Nevertheless, it is possible that any such outcome of an adverse inspection, review, audit or investigation could be substantial, and the outcome of these matters may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Furthermore, the legal and other costs associated with complying with these inspections, reviews, audits or investigations, including costs associated with maintaining related security and compliance controls, could be significant.
Our ability to use our net operating losses to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations.
Our net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards could expire unused and be unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities because of their limited duration or because of restrictions under U.S. tax law. NOLs generated in taxable years beginning before January 1, 2018 are permitted to be carried forward for only 20 taxable years under applicable U.S. federal income tax law. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, or the Tax Act, as modified by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or the CARES Act, NOLs arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 1, 2021, may be carried back to each of the five tax years preceding the tax year of such loss, and NOLs arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2020 may not be carried back. Moreover, under the Tax Act as modified by the CARES Act, NOLs generated in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 may be carried forward indefinitely, but the deductibility of such NOLs generally will be limited in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020 to 80% of current year taxable income. As of December 31, 2021, not all states have conformed to the Tax Act and CARES Act.
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In general, under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended to the date hereof (the “Code”), a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” (as defined under Section 382 of the Code (“Section 382”) and applicable Treasury Regulations) is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its pre-change NOLs to offset future taxable income. As a result of the Merger, an analysis was completed in accordance with Section 382 to determine the limitations associated with our use of preexisting NOL carryforwards in future periods. The annual limitation is based on a number of factors including the value of our stock (as defined for tax purposes) on the date of the ownership change, our net unrealized built in gain position on that date and the effect of any subsequent ownership changes, if any. We retained a third party to complete the required Section 382 analysis who determined that at September 4, 2019 approximately $66.9 million of the NOL carryforwards will be available to future tax periods in varying increments annually. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $43.3 million of federal NOL carryforwards of which $0.7 million begin to expire between 2023 and 2026 and the remaining $42.6 million has an indefinite carryforward period. The remaining NOLs will be limited to 80% of taxable income in accordance with the Tax Cut and Jobs Act. As of December 31, 2021, we had $41.4 million of combined NOL carryforwards in various states which will begin to expire in 2023.
Risks Related to Governmental Regulation
Recent and future developments in the healthcare industry could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
All of our revenue is derived from the healthcare industry, which is highly regulated and subject to changing political, legislative, regulatory and other influences. From time to time, including after the 2020 U.S. presidential and congressional elections, there have been renewed calls for reform to the U.S. healthcare industry and to health insurance, which could lead to significant changes in the U.S. healthcare market. We cannot predict with certainty what form any potential health insurance reform, if ever adopted, may take and the impact of any such reform on our clients’ businesses and on our business, but such changes could impose new or more stringent regulatory requirements on the activities of our clients, which in turn could negatively impact our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Federal healthcare program spending continues to be a major political and legislative issue in the United States and the federal government continues to consider deficit reduction measures and other changes to government healthcare programs. In recent years, legislative and regulatory changes have limited, and in some cases reduced, the levels of payment that healthcare payors receive for various services under Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs. For example, the Budget Control Act requires automatic spending reductions to the federal deficit, and the ACA provides for significant federal healthcare program spending reductions, including reductions in Medicare payments to most healthcare providers and Medicare Advantage plans. See “— Risks Related to our Business and Industry — Federal reductions in Medicare Advantage funding could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.”
The ACA has also changed how healthcare services are covered, delivered and reimbursed. The ACA mandates that substantially all U.S. citizens maintain health insurance coverage, expands health insurance coverage through a combination of public program expansion and private sector reforms, reduces Medicare program spending and promotes value-based purchasing. However, efforts by certain lawmakers to repeal or make significant changes to the ACA, our implementation or our interpretation have cast uncertainty onto the future of the law. We are unable to predict the full impact of the ACA and other health reform initiatives on our operations in light of the uncertainty regarding whether, when and how the ACA will be further changed, what alternative reforms (including single payer proposals), if any, may be enacted, the timing of enactment and implementation of alternative provisions and the impact of alternative provisions on various healthcare industry participants. While many of the provisions of the ACA and other health reform initiatives may not be directly applicable to us, such initiatives affect the businesses of our clients. For example, as a result of Medicare payment reductions and other reimbursement changes mandated under the ACA, our clients may attempt to seek price concessions from us or reduce their use of our solutions, especially if provisions expanding coverage are repealed without eliminating the payment reductions or other reimbursement changes. Additionally, because many of our solutions are designed to assist clients in effectively navigating the shift to value-based healthcare, the elimination of, or significant revisions to, various value-based healthcare initiatives may adversely impact our business. Thus, the ACA may result in a reduction of expenditures by clients or potential clients in the healthcare industry, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Moreover, there are currently numerous federal, state and private initiatives seeking to increase the use of technology in healthcare as a means of improving care and reducing costs. For example, the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (“HITECH”) Act, which was enacted in 2009, and the 21st Century Cures Act (the “Cures Act”), which was enacted in 2016, contain incentives and penalties to promote the use of Electronic Health Records (“EHR”) technology and the efficient exchange of health information electronically. Further, the Cures Act provides for penalties to be imposed on healthcare technology developers, health information exchanges or networks and health providers that are found to improperly block the exchange of health information. These and other initiatives may result in additional or costly legal or regulatory
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requirements that are applicable to us and our clients, may encourage more companies to enter our markets, may provide advantages to our competitors and may result in the development of technology solutions that compete with us. Any such initiatives also may result in a reduction of expenditures by existing or potential clients, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
In addition to cost containment efforts at the federal and state levels, general reductions in expenditures by healthcare industry constituents could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Such reductions could result from, among other things, government regulation or private initiatives that affect the manner in which providers interact with patients, payors or other healthcare industry constituents, including changes in pricing or means of delivery of healthcare solutions. Even if general expenditures by healthcare industry constituents remain the same or increase, other developments in the healthcare industry may result in reduced spending on healthcare technology and services or in some or all of the specific markets we serve or are planning to serve. In addition, our clients’ expectations regarding pending or potential healthcare industry developments also may affect their budgeting processes and spending plans with respect to the types of solutions we provide. For example, use of our solutions could be affected by, among other things:
•changes in the design of health insurance plans;
•changes in the contracting methods payors use in their relationships with providers; and
•implementation of government programs that streamline and standardize eligibility enrollment processes, which could result in decreased pricing or demand for our eligibility and enrollment solutions.
The healthcare industry has changed significantly in recent years, and we expect that significant changes will continue to occur. The timing and impact of developments in the healthcare industry are difficult to predict. We cannot be sure that the markets for our solutions will continue to exist at their current levels, will not change in ways that adversely affect us or that we will have adequate technical, financial and marketing resources to react to changes in those markets.
We are subject to complex, stringent and evolving laws, regulations and standards relating to data privacy and security (including the collection, storage, use, transfer, and processing of personally identifiable information), including protected health information, and any actual or perceived failure by us to comply with such laws, regulations or standards, or our own information security policies or contractual or other obligations relating to data privacy and security, could adversely affect our business, including our reputation among clients.
We collect, receive, generate, use, process, and store significant and increasing volumes of sensitive information, such as employee, client and individual protected health information and other personally identifiable information. We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local laws, directives and regulations, as well as contractual obligations, relating to the collection, use, storage, retention, security, disclosure, transfer, return, destruction and other processing of protected health information, other personally identifiable information, and other data. In many jurisdictions, enforcement actions and consequences for noncompliance with such laws, directives and regulations are rising, and the regulatory framework for privacy, data protection and data transfers is complex and rapidly evolving and is likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. As required by applicable laws, we publicly post documentation regarding our privacy practices concerning the collection, processing, use and disclosure of certain data. The publication of our privacy policy and other documentation that provide promises and assurances about privacy and security can subject us to potential state and federal action if they are found to be deceptive, unfair, or misrepresentative of our actual practices. In addition, although we endeavor to comply with our published policies and documentation, individuals could allege we have failed to do so, or we may at times actually fail to do so despite our efforts. Any failure by us, our vendors or other parties with whom we do business to comply with this documentation or with laws or regulations applicable to our business could result in proceedings against us by governmental entities or others. Such a failure could adversely affect our business, including our reputation among clients.
The U.S. federal and various state government bodies and agencies have adopted or are considering adopting laws and regulations limiting, or laws and regulations regarding the collection, distribution, use, disclosure, storage and security of, personally identifiable information, including protected health information. For example, HIPAA establishes a set of national privacy and security standards for the protection of protected health information by health plans, healthcare clearinghouses and certain healthcare providers, referred to as covered entities, and the business associates with whom such covered entities contract for services, including administrative provisions directed at simplifying electronic data interchange through standardizing transactions, establishing uniform healthcare provider, payor, and employer identifiers and seeking protections for confidentiality and security of patient data. Compliance with HIPAA requires significant systems enhancements, training and administrative effort. HIPAA can also expose us to additional liability for violations by our business associates.
HIPAA imposes mandatory penalties for certain violations, and a single breach incident can result in violations of multiple standards. HIPAA also authorizes state attorneys general to file suit on behalf of their residents. Courts may award damages,
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costs and attorneys’ fees related to violations of HIPAA in such cases. While HIPAA does not create a private right of action allowing individuals to sue in civil court for violations of HIPAA, its standards have been used as the basis for duty of care in state civil suits such as those for negligence or recklessness in the misuse or breach of protected health information or personally identifiable information. Moreover, many state laws do create state-specific private rights of action for conduct that would otherwise violate HIPAA or state law obligations. Class action lawsuits are becoming an expected and more common occurrence in cases of breaches.
In addition, HIPAA mandates that the HHS conduct periodic compliance audits of HIPAA-covered entities and business associates for compliance with HIPAA’s privacy and security standards. It also tasks HHS with establishing a methodology whereby harmed individuals who were the victims of breaches of unsecured protected health information may receive a percentage of the civil monetary penalty fine paid by the violator.
HIPAA further requires that members be notified of any unauthorized acquisition, access, use or disclosure of their unsecured protected health information that compromises the privacy or security of such information, with certain exceptions related to unintentional or inadvertent use or disclosure by employees or authorized individuals. HIPAA specifies that such notifications must be made “without unreasonable delay and in no case later than 60 calendar days after discovery of the breach.” If a breach affects 500 patients or more, it must be reported to HHS without unreasonable delay, and HHS will post the name of the breaching entity on its public website. Breaches affecting 500 patients or more in the same state or jurisdiction must also be reported to the local media. If a breach involves fewer than 500 people, the covered entity must record it in a log and notify HHS at least annually.
In addition to HIPAA, numerous other federal and state laws and regulations designed to protect the collection, distribution, use, disclosure, storage and security of protected health information and other types of personally identifiable information have been enacted. For example, in June 2018 California enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), which became effective on January 1, 2020 and, among other things, requires covered companies to provide certain disclosures to California residents and afford such residents data protection rights, including the ability to opt out of certain sales of personally identifiable information. The CCPA provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for certain data breaches that result in the loss of personally identifiable information that may increase data breach litigation. Additionally, the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”) was passed in November 2020. Effective beginning on January 1, 2023, the CPRA imposes additional obligations on companies covered by the legislation and will significantly modify the CCPA, including by expanding California residents’ rights with respect to certain sensitive personally identifiable information. The CPRA also creates a new state agency that will be vested with authority to implement and enforce the CCPA and the CPRA. While the CCPA may not apply to certain protected health information, the interpretation and enforcement of the CCPA remain unclear, and the effects of the CCPA potentially are significant and still may require us to modify our data practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply and increase our potential exposure to regulatory enforcement and sanctions and litigation.
In the United States, many state legislatures, government bodies and regulatory agencies have adopted legislation and regulations that regulate how businesses operate online, including measures relating to privacy, data security and data breaches. Additionally, some statutory and regulatory requirements in the United States, such as HIPAA, include obligations for companies to notify individuals of security breaches involving particular personally identifiable information, which could result from breaches experienced by us or our service providers. Laws in all 50 states and other U.S. territories require businesses to provide notice to individuals whose personally identifiable information has been disclosed as a result of a data breach. Such laws are not always consistent, and compliance in the event of a widespread data breach is costly and may be challenging. States are also constantly amending existing laws, requiring attention to frequently changing requirements, and we expect these changes to continue.
In addition to government regulation, privacy advocates and industry groups may propose self-regulatory standards from time to time. These and other industry standards may legally or contractually apply to us, or we may elect to comply with such standards or to facilitate our clients’ compliance with such standards. We expect that there will continue to be new proposed laws and regulations concerning privacy, data protection and information security, and we cannot yet determine the impact such future laws, regulations, and standards may have on our business. New laws, amendments to or re-interpretations of existing laws and regulations, industry standards, contractual and other obligations may require us to incur additional costs and restrict our business operations. Because the interpretation and application of laws, standards, contractual and other obligations relating to privacy and data protection are still uncertain and changing, it is possible that these laws, standards, contractual and other obligations may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent with our data management practices, our privacy, data protection or data security policies or procedures or the features of our technology. If so, in addition to the possibility of fines, lawsuits, regulatory investigations, imprisonment of company officials and public censure, other claims and penalties, significant costs for remediation and damage to our reputation, we could be required to fundamentally change our business activities and practices or modify our technology, any of which could adversely affect our business. We may be unable to make
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such changes or modifications in a commercially reasonable manner, or at all, and our ability to develop new software or provide new services could be limited. Any inability to adequately address privacy, data protection or information security-related concerns, even if unfounded, or to successfully negotiate privacy, data protection or information security-related contractual terms with clients, or to comply with applicable laws and regulations, or our policies relating to privacy, data protection, and information security, could result in additional cost and liability to us and harm our reputation and brand. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We are unable to predict what changes to laws, regulations and other requirements, including related to contractual obligations, might be made in the future or how those changes could affect our business and the costs of compliance.
We have attempted to structure our operations to comply with laws, regulations and other requirements applicable to us directly and to our clients, but we cannot assure you that our operations will not be challenged or impacted by enforcement initiatives. We have been, and in the future may become, involved in governmental investigations, audits, reviews and assessments. Certain of our businesses are subject to review, including for compliance with various legal, regulatory or other requirements. Any determination by a court or agency that our solutions violate, or cause our clients to violate, applicable laws, regulations or other requirements could subject us or our clients to civil or criminal penalties. Such a determination also could require us to modify or terminate portions of our business, disqualify us from serving clients that do business with government entities or cause us to refund some or all of our service fees or otherwise compensate our clients. In addition, failure to satisfy laws, regulations or other requirements could adversely affect demand for our solutions and could force us to expend significant capital, research and development and other resources to address the failure. Even an unsuccessful challenge by regulatory and other authorities or private whistleblowers could be expensive and time-consuming, could result in loss of business, exposure to adverse publicity and injury to our reputation and could adversely affect our ability to retain and attract clients. Laws, regulations and other requirements impacting our operations include, but are not limited to, the following:
•the federal beneficiary inducement civil monetary laws, which generally prohibit giving something of value to an individual if the remuneration is likely to influence that beneficiary’s choice of a particular provider, supplier or practitioner for services covered by applicable federal healthcare programs. There are a number of exceptions, such as, remuneration that “promotes access to care and poses a low risk of harm to patients and federal healthcare programs.” A violation of this statute includes fines or exclusion from federal healthcare programs;
•HIPAA, which created additional federal criminal statutes that prohibit, among other things, knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud or to obtain, by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, any money or property owned by, or under the control or custody of, any healthcare benefit program, including private third-party payors, willingly obstructing a criminal investigation of a healthcare offense, and knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up by trick, scheme or device, a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for healthcare benefits, items or services. Like the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, a person or entity need not have actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it in order to have committed a violation;
•the TCPA, which subjects us and our vendors to various rules regarding contacting our clients and our clients’ patients via telephone, fax or text message, may impact our operations. Prior express consent, and, in the case of marketing calls, prior express written consent, of consumers may be required to override certain activities prohibited under the TCPA. Because our solutions need and rely upon various messaging components to achieve successful outcomes for us and our clients, our ability to communicate with our clients and their patients may be affected by the TCPA, its implementing regulations and litigation pursuant to the TCPA. In addition, because the scope and interpretation of the TCPA, and other laws that are or may be applicable to making calls and delivering text messages to consumers, continue to evolve and develop, we or our vendors inadvertently could fail to comply or be alleged, with or without merit, to have failed to comply with the TCPA or other similar laws, and consequently be subject to significant liability and statutory damages, negative publicity associated with class action litigation or costs associated with modifying our solutions and business strategies;
•the CAN-SPAM Act, which regulates commercial email messages and specifies penalties for the transmission of commercial email messages that do not comply with certain requirements, such as providing an opt-out mechanism for stopping future emails from senders; and
•analogous state laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws, which may be more restrictive and may apply to healthcare items or services reimbursed by non-governmental third-party payors, including private insurers, or by the patients themselves.
We also may be impacted by non-healthcare laws, industry standards and other requirements. For example, laws and regulations governing how we communicate with our clients and our clients’ members may impact our operations and, if not
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followed, would result in fines, penalties and other liabilities and adverse publicity and injury to our reputation. Compliance with future laws and regulations or the applicable regulators’ interpretations of the laws and regulations may require us to change our practices at an undeterminable, and possibly significant, initial and annual expense. These additional monetary expenditures may increase future overhead, which could harm our business.
Changes in tax rules and regulations, or in interpretations thereof, may materially adversely affect our effective tax rates.
We have operations in many states in the United States as well as the Philippines. Accordingly, we are subject to taxation in many jurisdictions with increasingly complex tax laws, the application of which can be uncertain.
Unanticipated changes in our tax rates could affect our future results of operations or financial condition. Our future effective tax rates could be unfavorably affected by changes in the tax rates in jurisdictions where our income is earned and taxed, by changes in tax rules and regulations, or in interpretations thereof, in the jurisdictions in which we do business, by increases in expenses not deductible for tax purposes including impairments of goodwill, by changes in GAAP or other applicable accounting standards or by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities.
In addition, we are subject to the continual examination of our income tax returns by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and other domestic and international tax authorities. Tax authorities in various jurisdictions may disagree with and subsequently challenge the amount of profits taxed in their state or country, which may result in increased tax liability, including accrued interest and penalties, which would cause our tax expense to increase. We regularly assess the likelihood of outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes and have reserved for potential adjustments that may result. We cannot assure you that the final determination of any of these examinations will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
Risks Related to Information Technology, Data Privacy and Intellectual Property
Security breaches or incidents, failures and other disruptions of the information technology (“IT”) systems used in our business operations, including the Internet and related systems of our vendors, and the security measures protecting them, and the sensitive information we collect, process, transmit, use and store, may adversely impact our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our business relies on sophisticated, commercial off-the-shelf and customized IT systems to obtain, process, store, analyze and manage data and other sensitive information, and to develop, distribute and deliver products and services. Further, our business relies to a significant degree upon the secure collection, transmission, use, storage and other processing of sensitive information, including protected health information and other personally identifiable information, financial information, including payment card data, and other confidential information and data within these systems. To the extent our or our vendors’ IT systems are not successfully protected or fail, our business, results of operations or financial condition may be adversely affected. Our business, results of operations or financial condition may also be adversely affected if a vendor servicing our IT systems does not perform satisfactorily, or if the IT systems are interrupted or damaged by unforeseen events, including the actions of third parties.
To protect our systems and the information stored thereon, we seek to implement commercially reasonable security measures and maintain information security policies and procedures informed by requirements under applicable law and recommended practices, in each case, as applicable to the data received, used, stored, processed and transmitted. Despite our security management efforts with respect to administrative, physical and technical safeguards, employee training, vendor (and sub-vendor) controls and contractual relationships, our infrastructure, data or other operations centers and systems used in connection with our business operations, including the Internet and related systems of our vendors (including vendors to which we outsource data hosting, storage and processing functions) are vulnerable to a security breach, interruption of system or the threat of a breach or other security incident. For example, we and our vendors have experienced, and from time to time in the future may experience, unauthorized access to, misuse, modification, loss or destruction of and disclosure of our or our clients’ (or their members’ and patients’) confidential or personal information or data due to cyberattacks and other data security incidents, power or telecommunications failures, employee or insider malfeasance or improper employee or contractor conduct, computer viruses and other malware, programming errors and other human errors, phishing schemes, threats of ransomware events and denial-of-service attacks. In December 2021 security industry experts discovered a critical vulnerability known as Log4Shell. Log4Shell is a software vulnerability in Apache Log4j 2, a popular Java library for logging error messages in applications used in a variety of consumer and enterprise applications, infrastructure platforms, and operational technology products. The vulnerability enables a remote attacker to potentially take control of a device, leak data, execute code remotely, and initiate denial of service attacks against systems running exploitable versions of Log4j 2. Although we have limited Internet accessible systems utilizing this library, certain of our vendors incorporate it into their software and platforms.
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To date, we have not identified any malicious Log4j 2 activity or impacts to our systems, but continue to scan, monitor, and manage the threat of this vulnerability, including but not limited to applying system upgrades and vendor hotfixes. In the future, we may experience such unauthorized access or disclosures for these reasons or due to other disruptive problems, including, but not limited to, physical break-ins, hackers and other breaches by insiders or third parties due to criminal conduct, ransomware events, fraud, natural disasters, terrorist attacks and other unanticipated events. We may be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect against, and alleviate problems caused by, such incidents, regardless of whether they affect our systems or networks, or the systems or networks of our third-party service providers.
It is not possible to prevent all security threats to our systems and data or to predict all the ways in which such security threats may materialize. Techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade services or sabotage systems are becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated and change frequently, which can make such events difficult to detect for long periods of time. Further, defects in the design or manufacture of the hardware, software or applications we procure from third parties to develop our products and services could compromise our IT systems. These events, including unauthorized access, misappropriation, disclosure or loss of sensitive information (including personally identifiable information, protected health information or financial information) or a significant disruption of our network generally, expose us to risks, including an inability to provide our solutions and fulfill contractual demands, and could cause management distraction and the obligation to devote significant financial and other resources to mitigate such problems, which would increase our future information security costs, including through organizational changes, deploying additional personnel, reinforcing administrative, physical and technical safeguards, further training of employees, changing vendor (and sub-vendor) control practices and engaging third-party subject matter experts and consultants.
Moreover, unauthorized access, use or disclosure of certain sensitive information in our possession or our failure to satisfy legal requirements, including requirements relating to safeguarding protected health information under HIPAA, payment card data under the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard and personally identifiable information under applicable state data privacy laws, as discussed above, could result in litigation, disputes, indemnity obligations and other liabilities and regulatory investigations, enforcement, orders and actions, which could result in potential fines and penalties, as well as costs relating to investigation of an incident or breach, corrective actions, required notifications to regulatory agencies and clients, credit monitoring services and other necessary expenses. In addition, actual or perceived breaches of our security management efforts can cause existing clients to terminate their relationship with us and deter existing or prospective clients from using or purchasing our solutions in the future. These events can have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition or reputation.
Because our solutions involve the collection, processing, storage, use and transmission of personally identifiable information of consumers, we and other industry participants have been and expect to routinely be the target of attempted cyber and other security threats by outside third parties, including technically sophisticated and well-resourced bad actors attempting to access or steal the data we store, process or transmit. Vendor, insider or employee cyber and security threats also occur and are a significant concern for all companies, including us. In recent years there have been a number of well-publicized data breaches involving the improper dissemination of personally identifiable information of individuals both within and outside of the healthcare industry and such breaches can result in significant losses. These breaches have resulted in lawsuits and governmental investigations or enforcement actions that have sought or obtained significant fines and penalties, and have required companies to enter into agreements with government regulators that impose ongoing obligations and requirements, including internal and external (third-party) monitorship for five years or more. Most states require holders of personally identifiable information to maintain safeguards and take certain actions in response to a data breach, such as providing prompt notification of the breach to affected individuals or the state’s attorney general. In some states, these laws are limited to electronic data, but states increasingly are enacting or considering stricter and broader requirements. Additionally, HIPAA imposes certain notification requirements on both covered entities and business associates. In certain circumstances involving large breaches, requirements may even involve notification to the media. A non-permitted use or disclosure of protected health information is presumed to be a breach under HIPAA unless the covered entity or business associate establishes that there is a low probability the information has been compromised consistent with requirements enumerated in HIPAA. Further, the Federal Trade Commission has prosecuted certain data breach cases as unfair and deceptive acts or practices under the Federal Trade Commission Act. In addition, by regulation, the Federal Trade Commission requires creditors, which may include some of our clients, to implement identity theft prevention programs to detect, prevent and mitigate identity theft in connection with client accounts. Although Congress passed legislation that restricts the definition of “creditor” and exempts many healthcare providers from complying with this identity theft prevention rule, we may be required to apply additional resources to our existing processes to assist our affected clients in complying with this rule.
While we maintain liability insurance coverage, including coverage for errors and omissions and cyber-liability, claims may not be sufficiently covered or could exceed the amount of our applicable insurance coverage, if any, or such coverage may not continue to be available on acceptable terms or in sufficient amounts. We also cannot ensure that any limitation of liability or indemnity provisions in our contracts, including with vendors and service providers, for a security lapse or breach or other
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security incident would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Disruptions in service or damages to our and our vendors’ data center colocation and hosting facilities, public and private cloud subscriptions, distribution centers or other operations centers, or other software or systems failures, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our data center colocation and hosting facilities, public and private cloud subscriptions, distribution centers and other operations centers are essential to our business. Our business operations depend on our and our vendors’ ability to maintain and protect our network and computer systems, many of which are located in our primary data center colocation facilities and operations centers that we lease or subscribe to and operate, some of which are outsourced to certain third-party hosting and cloud service providers. We have consolidated several hosting environments and currently plan to continue such consolidation. We also provide application hosting and managed services that involve operating both our infrastructure and software, as well as the software of vendors for our clients. The ability to access the systems, applications and data that we host and on demand support is important to our clients.
Our operations, cloud service providers and data center colocation and hosting facilities are vulnerable to interruption or damage from a number of sources, many of which are beyond our control, including, without limitation: power loss and telecommunications failures; fire, flood, hurricane, tornado and other natural disasters (which may be affected by climate change); software and hardware errors, failures or crashes; spikes in consumer usage; negligence; infrastructure changes; human or software errors; hardware failures; terrorist attacks; improper operation; cyber and ransomware attacks; and computer viruses, hacking, break-ins, sabotage, fraud, intentional acts of vandalism and other similar disruptive problems. The occurrence of any of these events could result in interruptions, delays or cessations in service to users of our solutions, which could impair or prohibit our ability to provide our solutions, reduce the competitive advantages of our solutions to our clients, damage our reputation and otherwise have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, if clients’ access to our solutions is interrupted because of problems in our operations, facilities or cloud service providers, we could be in breach of our agreements with clients or exposed to significant claims, particularly if the access interruption is associated with problems in the timely delivery of medical care.
We attempt to mitigate these risks through various means, including disaster recovery and business continuity plans, penetration testing, vulnerability scans, patching and other information security procedures and cybersecurity and ransomware measures, insurance against fires, floods, other natural disasters, cyber-liability and general business interruptions, and client and employee training and awareness, but our precautions cannot protect against all risks. Any significant instances of system downtime could negatively affect our reputation and ability to provide our solutions or remote hosting services, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We also rely on a number of vendors, such as cloud service providers, data center colocation and hosting providers and call center technology providers, to provide us with a variety of solutions and services necessary for our transaction services and processing functions. We also utilize contractors and sub-contractors, including, but not limited to, software developers, for the development and maintenance of certain software products we use to provide our solutions, as well as infrastructure, security and IT service management. As a result, our disaster recovery and business continuity plans may rely, in part, upon vendors of related services, which increases our vulnerability to problems with the services they provide. We exercise limited control over these vendors, and our review processes for such vendors may be insufficient to identify, prevent or mitigate adverse events. Our vendors are ultimately responsible for maintaining their own network security, disaster recovery and system management procedures, and, if these vendors do not fulfill their contractual obligations, have system failures, choose to discontinue their products or services or otherwise suffer any type of cybersecurity incident, our business and operations could be disrupted and our brand and reputation, including with our clients and partners, could be harmed. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Interruptions and limitations of the IT systems used in our business operations could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our ability to deliver our solutions and services is dependent on the development and maintenance of the infrastructure of the Internet and other telecommunications services by third parties. This includes maintenance of a reliable network connection with the necessary speed, data capacity and security for providing reliable Internet access and services and reliable telephone and facsimile services. Our services are designed to operate without interruption in accordance with our service level commitments.
However, we have experienced limited interruptions of our IT systems in the past, including infrastructure failures that temporarily slow down the performance of our solutions, and we may experience similar or more significant interruptions in the
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future, as discussed above. Interruptions of these systems, whether due to system failures, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or other catastrophic events, could affect the security or availability of our solutions and services and prevent or inhibit the ability of our clients to access our solutions and services. In the event of any errors, failures, interruptions or delays with respect to our IT systems or those of our vendors, we may experience an extended period of system unavailability, which could result in substantially costs to remedy the problem or negatively impact our relationships with our clients and partners and adversely affect our business and could expose us to liabilities. Although we maintain insurance for our business, the coverage under our policies may not be adequate to compensate us for all losses that may occur, and we cannot provide assurance that we will continue to be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at an acceptable cost.
In addition, as a result of the complexity of the issues facing our clients and the inherent complexity of our solutions to such issues, our clients depend on our support organization to resolve any technical issues relating to our offerings. Our ability to deliver our products and solutions is dependent on our software development lifecycle management processes, including with respect to our change management processes, which impact our ability to effectively identify, track, test, manage and implement changes to our software. As a result, our IT systems require an ongoing commitment of significant resources to maintain and enhance existing systems and develop new systems in order to keep pace with continuing changes in information technology, emerging cybersecurity risks and threats, evolving industry and regulatory standards and changing preferences of our clients. In addition, our sales process is highly dependent on the quality of our offerings, on our business reputation and on strong recommendations from our existing clients. Any failure to maintain high-quality and highly responsive technical support, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality and highly responsive support, including as a result of our inability to respond quickly enough to accommodate short-term increases in client demand for certain technical support services, particularly as we increase the size of our client base, could harm our reputation, adversely affect our ability to sell our offering to existing and prospective clients, and harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.
The protection of our intellectual property and proprietary rights requires substantial resources, and protections of our intellectual property and proprietary rights may not be adequate. Any failure to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights, or failure of our intellectual property and proprietary rights to be sufficiently broad, could harm our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our success is dependent, in part, upon our ability to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology. We rely upon a combination of trade secret, trademark, patent and copyright laws, license agreements, confidentiality policies and procedures, contractual provisions (e.g., intellectual property assignment agreements), nondisclosure agreements and technical measures of varying duration designed to establish, maintain and protect the intellectual property and proprietary information and commercially valuable confidential information and data used in our business. However, the steps we have taken to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce our proprietary rights and intellectual property may not be adequate, protect against our competitors or other third parties independently developing products or services that are equivalent or superior to our solutions or otherwise allow us to maintain any competitive advantage.
For instance, while we acquired certain foreign patents and trademark applications and registrations as part of our acquisition of HealthSmart International in February 2022, we have not otherwise sought to register our intellectual property outside of the United States and we may not be able to secure trademark or service mark registrations for marks in the United States or take similar steps to secure patents for our proprietary processes, methods and technologies. Even if we are successful in obtaining patent, trademark or other intellectual property rights or registrations, any of these rights and registrations may lapse, be abandoned, be circumvented by others or may be opposed or otherwise challenged or invalidated by a third party through administrative process or litigation.
Third parties also may infringe upon, misappropriate or otherwise violate our trademarks, service marks, patents and other intellectual property and proprietary rights. If we believe a third party has infringed, misappropriated or otherwise violated our intellectual property or proprietary rights, litigation may be necessary to enforce and protect those rights or to determine the validity and scope of the rights of others, which would divert management resources, would be expensive and time-consuming and may not effectively protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, regardless of whether we are successful or not. In addition, our efforts may be met with defenses and counterclaims challenging the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights or may result in a court determining that our intellectual property rights are unenforceable. Even if we establish infringement, misappropriation or other violation, a court may decide not to grant an injunction against further infringing activity and instead award only monetary damages, which may or may not be an adequate remedy. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during litigation. There could also be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a material adverse effect on the price of shares of our common stock. Moreover, we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient financial or other resources to file and pursue such claims, which typically last for years before they are concluded. Even if we ultimately prevail in such claims, the monetary cost of such
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litigation and the diversion of the attention of our management and scientific personnel could outweigh any benefit we receive as a result of the proceedings. As a result, if we fail to obtain, maintain, protect or enforce adequate intellectual property protection or if a third party infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates our intellectual property and proprietary rights, it may have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our currently pending or future patent applications may not result in issued patents, or be approved on a timely basis, if at all. Similarly, any term extensions that we seek may not be approved on a timely basis, if at all. In addition, our issued patents, or any patents that may be issued in the future, may not contain claims sufficiently broad to protect us against third parties with similar technologies or solutions or provide us with any competitive advantage, including exclusivity in a particular area, or may be successfully challenged by third parties, which could result in them being narrowed in scope or declared invalid or unenforceable. In addition, if we are unable to maintain our existing license agreements or other agreements pursuant to which third parties grant us rights to intellectual property, including because such agreements terminate, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Patent law reform in the United States may also weaken our ability to enforce our patent rights, or make such enforcement financially unattractive. For instance, in September 2011, the United States enacted the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, which permits enhanced third-party actions for challenging patents and implements a “first-to-file” system for deciding which party should be granted a patent when two or more patent applications are filed by different parties claiming the same invention. These reforms could result in increased uncertainties and costs to protect our intellectual property or limit our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection for our solutions in these jurisdictions.
Our trademarks, logos and brands may provide us with a competitive advantage in the market as they may be known or trusted by clients. In order to maintain the value of such brands, we must be able to obtain, maintain, enforce and defend our trademarks. We have pursued, and will pursue, the registration of trademarks, logos and service marks in the United States; however, enforcing rights against those who knowingly or unknowingly dilute or infringe our brands can be difficult. We may be unable to obtain trademark protection for our services and brands, and our existing trademark registrations and applications, and any trademarks that may be used in the future, may not sufficiently distinguish our products, services and brands from those of our competitors. In addition, our trademarks may be contested or found to be unenforceable or invalid, and we may not be able to prevent third parties from infringing or otherwise violating them. We cannot assure you that the steps we have taken and will take to protect our proprietary rights in our brands and trademarks will be adequate or that third parties will not infringe, dilute or misappropriate our brands, trademarks, trade dress or other similar proprietary rights.
While we generally seek to enter into proprietary information agreements with our employees and third parties engaged in the development of intellectual property on our behalf which assign intellectual property rights to us, these agreements may not be honored or may not effectively assign intellectual property or proprietary rights to us under the local laws of some countries or jurisdictions. We also cannot guarantee that we have entered into such agreements with each applicable party. We therefore cannot be certain that a competitor or other third party does not have or will not obtain rights to intellectual property that may prevent us from developing or marketing certain of our solutions, regardless of whether we believe such intellectual property rights are valid and enforceable or we believe we would otherwise be able to develop a more commercially successful solution. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our trade secrets, know-how and other proprietary and internally-developed information, the value of our technology could be adversely affected.
Many of our solutions are based on or incorporate proprietary information. We actively seek to protect our proprietary information, including our trade secrets and proprietary know-how, by generally requiring our employees, consultants, other advisors and other third parties who have access to such information to execute proprietary information and confidentiality agreements upon the commencement of their employment, engagement or other relationship. Despite these efforts and precautions, such agreements may not be sufficient in scope or enforceable, we cannot guarantee that we have entered into such agreements with each person or entity that may have or have had access to our trade secrets or proprietary information, and such agreements can be breached. Enforcing a claim that another party illegally disclosed or obtained and is using any of our trade secrets or proprietary information could be difficult, expensive and time-consuming, and the outcome would be unpredictable. We may therefore be unable to prevent a third party from copying or otherwise obtaining and using our trade secrets or our other intellectual property without authorization and legal remedies may not adequately compensate us for the damages caused by such unauthorized use. Moreover, third parties may independently develop similar or equivalent proprietary information. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
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We may be subject to claims that our employees, consultants or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed trade secrets or other confidential information of third parties.
We have received confidential and proprietary information from third parties. In addition, we may employ individuals who were previously employed at other healthcare companies or other companies, including our competitors. Although we try to ensure that our employees, consultants and independent contractors do not use the confidential or proprietary information, trade secrets or know-how of others in their work for us, we may be subject to claims that we or our employees, consultants or independent contractors have, inadvertently or otherwise, improperly used or disclosed confidential or proprietary information, trade secrets or know-how of former employers or other third parties. Further, we may be subject to ownership disputes in the future arising, for example, from conflicting obligations of consultants or others who are involved in developing our solutions. We may also be subject to claims that former employees, consultants, independent contractors or other third parties have an ownership interest in our intellectual property. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these and other claims challenging our right to and use of confidential and proprietary information. In addition to paying monetary damages, if we fail in defending against any such claims we may lose our rights therein, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs, result in reputational harm and be a distraction to our management and employees.
Third parties may claim that we or our licensors are infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating their intellectual property or proprietary rights, and we could suffer significant litigation, the outcome of which would be uncertain, incur licensing expenses or be prevented from selling certain products and solutions.
Our commercial success depends, in part, on our ability to develop and commercialize our products and solutions and use our technology without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating the intellectual property or proprietary rights of third parties. We or our licensors could be subject to claims that we are misappropriating, infringing or otherwise violating intellectual property (including patents, trademarks, trade dress, copyrights, trade secrets and domain names) or other proprietary rights of others. We may become subject to preliminary or provisional rulings in the course of any such litigation, including potential preliminary injunctions requiring us to cease some or all of our operations. Similarly, if any litigation to which we are a party is resolved adversely, we may be subject to an unfavorable judgment that may not be reversed upon appeal. These claims, even if not meritorious, could be expensive to defend and divert management’s attention from our operations, and even if we believe we do not infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate validly existing third-party rights we may choose to license such rights. If we or our licensors become liable to third parties for infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating such third-party rights, we could be required to pay a substantial damage award, including treble damages and attorneys’ fees if we are found to have willfully infringed a patent or other intellectual property right. We could also be required to develop non-infringing technology, stop activities or services that use or contain the infringing intellectual property, or obtain a license, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms and may require us to pay substantial license, royalty or other payments. We may be unable to develop non-infringing solutions or obtain a license on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Any license may also be non-exclusive, which would potentially allow other parties, including our competitors, to access the same technology.
It may be necessary for us to initiate administrative proceedings or other litigation in order to determine the scope, enforceability or validity of third-party intellectual property or proprietary rights. We may also decide to settle or otherwise resolve such proceedings or litigation on terms that are unfavorable to us. Regardless of whether third-party claims have merit, litigation can be expensive and time-consuming, and could divert management’s attention. Some third parties may be able to sustain the costs of complex litigation more effectively than we can because they have substantially greater resources. There could also be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a material adverse effect on the price of shares of our common stock. We also may be required to indemnify our clients if they become subject to third-party claims relating to the infringement, misappropriation or other violation of a third party’s intellectual property rights that we license or otherwise provide to them, which could be costly. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our solutions depend, in part, on intellectual property and technology licensed from third parties.
Much of our business and many of our software and solutions rely on key technologies or content developed or licensed by third parties. For example, many of our software offerings are developed using software components or other intellectual property licensed from third parties, including both proprietary and open source licenses. These third-party software components may become obsolete, defective or incompatible with future versions of our solutions, or our relationship with the
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third-party licensors may deteriorate, or our contracts with the third-party licensors may expire or be terminated. We may also face legal or business disputes with licensors that may threaten or lead to the disruption of inbound licensing relationships.
In order to remain in compliance with the terms of our licenses, we must carefully monitor and manage our use of third-party software components, including both proprietary and open source license terms that may require the licensing or public disclosure of our intellectual property without compensation or on undesirable terms. Because the availability and cost of licenses from third parties depends upon the willingness of third parties to deal with us on the terms we request, there is a risk that third parties — including those who license to our competitors — either will refuse to license to us at all or refuse to license to us on terms equally favorable to those granted to our competitors or other third parties. Consequently, we may lose a competitive advantage with respect to these intellectual property rights or we may be required to enter into costly arrangements in order to terminate or limit these rights. Additionally, some of these licenses may not be available to us in the future on terms that are acceptable or that allow our solutions to remain competitive. In addition, it is possible that, as a consequence of a merger or acquisition, third parties may obtain licenses to some of our intellectual property rights or our business may be subject to certain restrictions that were not in place prior to such transaction. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our use of open source software could impose limitations on our ability to commercialize our solutions, require substantial resources to monitor compliance with applicable licenses and protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, subject us to possible litigation and otherwise adversely affect our business.
Our software and solutions incorporate open source software components that are licensed to us under various open source public domain licenses. Some open source software licenses require users who distribute open source software as part of their own software to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to such software or make available any modifications or derivative works of the open source code on unfavorable terms or at no cost.
The terms of many open source licenses have not been interpreted by U.S. or foreign courts and therefore the potential impact of such licenses on our business is not fully known or predictable. There is a risk that such licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to market our solutions.
While we monitor our use of open source software and endeavor to ensure that none is used in a manner that would require us to disclose our proprietary source code or that would otherwise breach the terms of an open source license, such use could inadvertently occur, or could be claimed to have occurred, in part because open source license terms are often ambiguous, and we cannot assure or be certain that we have in all cases incorporated open source software in our solutions in a manner that is consistent with the applicable open source license terms and inclusive of all available updates or security patches. As a result, we may be required to publicly release our proprietary source code, pay damages for breach of contract, re-code or re-engineer one or more of our offerings, discontinue sales of one or more of our solutions in the event re-engineering cannot be accomplished on a timely basis or at all or take other remedial action that may divert resources away from our development efforts, any of which could cause us to breach obligations to our clients, harm our reputation, result in client losses or claims, increase our costs or otherwise materially adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. A release of our proprietary code could also allow our competitors to create similar offerings with lower development effort and time and ultimately could result in a loss of our competitive advantages.
Furthermore, use and distribution of open source software may entail greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide support, warranties, indemnification or other contractual protections regarding infringement claims or the quality of the code. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We may be obligated to disclose our proprietary source code to our clients, which may limit our ability to protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights and could reduce the renewals of our services.
Certain of our agreements with our clients contain, and may in the future contain, provisions permitting the client to become a party to, or a beneficiary of, a source code escrow agreement under which we place the proprietary source code for our applicable solutions in escrow with a third party. Under these escrow agreements, the source code to the applicable solution may be released to the client, to be used in accordance with the license granted to the client in the applicable services agreement, upon the occurrence of specified events, such as in situations of our bankruptcy or insolvency, our aggregate cash balances not exceeding a specified threshold or the discontinuance of our ability to offer, support or maintain the applicable services.
Disclosing the content of our source code may limit the intellectual property protection we can obtain or maintain for our source code or our software and solutions containing that source code, and may facilitate intellectual property infringement, misappropriation or other violation claims against us. It also could permit a client to which a solution’s source code is disclosed
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to support and maintain that software or solution without being required to purchase our services. In addition, we cannot be certain that clients will comply with any applicable restrictions on their use or disclosure of the source code and we may be unable to monitor and prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of such source code. Any increase in the number of people familiar with our source code as a result of any such release may also increase the risk of a successful hacking attempt. Each of these could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Risks Related to Our Capital Structure, Indebtedness and Capital Requirements
Despite our level of indebtedness, we are able to incur more debt and undertake additional obligations. Incurring such debt or undertaking such additional obligations could further exacerbate the risks our indebtedness poses to our financial condition.
As of December 31, 2021, we had $192.6 million face value of outstanding indebtedness, in addition to $39.4 million of undrawn commitments under our First Lien Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). Despite our level of indebtedness, we, including our subsidiaries, may be able to incur significant additional indebtedness in the future. Although the Credit Agreement contains restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and any indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. These restrictions also will not prevent our subsidiaries from incurring obligations that do not constitute indebtedness and, if our subsidiaries refinance existing indebtedness, such refinancing indebtedness may contain fewer restrictions on our subsidiaries’ activities. To the extent new indebtedness is added to our and our subsidiaries’ currently anticipated indebtedness levels, the related risks that we and our subsidiaries face could intensify. While the Credit Agreement also contains restrictions on making certain loans and investments, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and the investments incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial.
We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful.
Our ability to make scheduled payments on or to refinance our debt obligations and to fund our planned capital expenditures, acquisitions and other ongoing liquidity needs depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. We cannot assure you that we will maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities or that future borrowings will be available to CHS or its subsidiaries under the Credit Agreement or otherwise in an amount sufficient to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness and fund our planned capital expenditures, acquisitions and other ongoing liquidity needs.
Restrictions imposed by the Credit Agreement may limit our ability to operate our business and to finance our future operations or capital needs or to engage in other business activities.
The Credit Agreement restricts CHS and its restricted subsidiaries from engaging in specified types of transactions. Subject to exceptions specified in the Credit Agreement, these covenants restrict the ability of CHS and its restricted subsidiaries, among other things, to:
•incur liens;
•incur indebtedness;
•make investments and loans;
•engage in mergers, acquisitions and asset sales;
•declare dividends or other distributions, redeem or repurchase equity interests or make other restricted payments;
•alter the businesses CHS and its restricted subsidiaries conduct;
•enter into agreements restricting distributions by CHS’s restricted subsidiaries;
•modify certain terms of certain junior indebtedness; and
•engage in certain transaction with affiliates.
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These covenants will limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interest, such as limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our operations or business, restricting us from making strategic acquisitions, engaging in development activities, introducing new technologies or exploiting business opportunities. Our failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default under the Credit Agreement which, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of substantially all of our indebtedness.
We are a holding company and will depend on dividends, distributions and other payments from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations.
We are a holding company that does not conduct any business operations of our own. As a result, we are largely dependent upon cash dividends and other transfers from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations. The agreements governing the indebtedness of our subsidiaries impose restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or other distributions to us. The deterioration of the earnings from, or other available assets of, our subsidiaries for any reason also could limit or impair their ability to pay dividends or other distributions to us.
Changes in the method for determining LIBOR or the elimination of LIBOR could affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our Credit Agreement provides that interest may be indexed to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), which is a benchmark rate at which banks offer to lend funds to one another in the international interbank market for short term loans. The current administrator of LIBOR will cease to publish the overnight and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months USD LIBOR settings immediately following the LIBOR publication on June 30, 2023 and has ceased to publish all other LIBOR settings, including the 1 week and 2 months USD LIBOR settings, since December 31, 2021. We cannot predict the impact of any changes in the methods by which LIBOR is determined or any regulatory activity related to a potential phase out of LIBOR on our Credit Agreement and interest rates. While our Credit Agreement provides for the use of an alternative rate to LIBOR in the event LIBOR is phased out, uncertainty remains as to any such replacement rate and any such replacement rate may be higher or lower than LIBOR may have been. At this time, no consensus exists as to what rate or rates will become accepted alternatives to LIBOR, although The U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee, has recommended replacing LIBOR with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR, a newly created index, calculated with a broad set of short-term repurchase agreements backed by treasury securities. It is not possible to predict the effect of these changes, other reforms or the establishment of alternative reference rates in the United States or elsewhere. The establishment of alternative reference rates or implementation of any other potential changes may materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Risks Related to Our Status as an Emerging Growth Company
We are an emerging growth company and because we have decided to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting and other requirements applicable to emerging growth companies, our common stock could be less attractive to investors.
For as long as we remain an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, we will have the option to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting and other requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including presenting only two years of audited financial statements in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements with correspondingly reduced “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” disclosure in this Form 10-K reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our registration statements, periodic reports and proxy statements, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), being permitted to have an extended transition period for adopting any new or revised accounting standards that may be issued by the FASB or the SEC, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. It is unclear whether investors will find our common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (1) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have annual gross revenues of $1.07 billion or more; (2) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt in the previous three years; (3) the date we qualify as a “large accelerated filer” under the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates is $700 million or more; and (4) the last day of the fiscal year ending after the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering (“IPO”).
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We elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations in this Form 10-K and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in future filings. As a result, the information that we provide to our investors may be different from the information you might receive from other public reporting companies that are not emerging growth companies in which you hold equity interests. In addition, we have elected to avail ourselves of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. As a result, the information that we provide to stockholders will be less comprehensive than what you might receive from other public companies.
Because we have elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards for an “emerging growth company” our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with these accounting standards as of the public company effective dates.
We have elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards under Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). This election allows us to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until those standards apply to private companies. As a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with these accounting standards as of the public company effective dates. Consequently, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates. Because our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates, investors may have difficulty evaluating or comparing our business, performance or prospects in comparison to other public companies, which may have a negative impact on the value and liquidity of our common stock. We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we plan to rely on this exemption. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, and the failure to remediate these material weaknesses may adversely affect our business, investor confidence in our company, our financial results and the market value of our common stock.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. As previously disclosed, in connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements presented in this Form 10-K, we identified the following material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting:
•We did not design and maintain an effective control environment commensurate with the financial reporting requirements of an SEC registrant. Additionally, we did not design control activities to adequately address identified risks or operate at a sufficient level of precision that would identify material misstatements to our financial statements and did not design and maintain formal documentation of accounting policies and procedures nor did we maintain sufficient evidence to support the operation of key control procedures. Specifically, we did not design and maintain controls to ensure (i) the appropriate segregation of duties within our financial reporting function, including the preparation and review of journal entries and (ii) account reconciliations and balance sheet and income statement fluctuation analyses were reviewed at the appropriate level of precision.
•We also did not design and maintain effective controls over IT general controls for information systems that are relevant to the preparation of our financial statements. Specifically, we did not design and maintain: (i) program change management controls to ensure that information technology program and data changes affecting financial IT applications and underlying accounting records are identified, tested, authorized and implemented appropriately; and (ii) user access controls to ensure appropriate segregation of duties and that adequately restrict user and privilege access to financial applications, programs, and data to appropriate Company personnel.
These IT deficiencies did not result in a material misstatement to the financial statements, however, the deficiencies, when aggregated, could impact maintaining effective segregation of duties, as well as the effectiveness of IT-dependent controls (such as automated controls that address the risk of material misstatement to one or more assertions, along with the IT controls and underlying data that support the effectiveness of system-generated data and reports) that could result in misstatements potentially impacting all financial statement accounts and disclosures that would not be prevented or detected. Accordingly, management has determined these deficiencies in the aggregate constitute material weaknesses.
These material weaknesses resulted in adjustments in our 2019 and 2020 financial statements primarily related to revenues recognized from contracts with customers that were recognized in the improper periods, the accrual of certain compensation related costs, and the misstatement of income tax benefit related to the treatment of certain deferred tax positions. The material
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weaknesses described above could result in misstatements of our account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
We have designed and are implementing a remediation plan to address the material weaknesses described above.
While we believe the remedial efforts we will take will improve our internal controls and address the underlying causes of the material weaknesses, such material weaknesses will not be remediated until a remediation plan has been fully developed and implemented and we have concluded that our controls are operating effectively for a sufficient period of time. We cannot be certain that the steps we will take following the development and implementation of a remediation plan will be sufficient to remediate the control deficiencies that led to our material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting or prevent future material weaknesses or control deficiencies from occurring. While we will work to remediate the material weaknesses as timely and efficiently as possible, at this time we cannot provide an estimate of costs expected to be incurred in connection with the development and implementation of a remediation plan, nor can we provide an estimate of the time it will take to complete a remediation plan. Neither our management nor an independent registered public accounting firm has performed an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act because no such evaluation has been required.
If we fail to effectively remediate the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting described above, we may be unable to accurately or timely report our financial condition or results of operations. Such failure may adversely affect our business, investor confidence in our company, our financial condition and the market value of our common stock.
As a public company, we are required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which require management to certify financial and other information in our quarterly and annual reports and provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Although we are required to disclose changes that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting on a quarterly basis, we will not be required to make our first annual assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 until at least our second annual report required to be filed with the SEC, and we will not be required to have our independent registered public accounting firm formally assess our internal controls for as long as we remain an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act.
When formally evaluating our internal control over financial reporting, we may identify material weaknesses that we may not be able to remediate in time to meet the applicable deadline imposed upon us for compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In addition, if we fail to achieve and maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We cannot be certain as to the timing of completion of our evaluation, testing and any remediation actions or the impact of the same on our operations. If we are not able to implement the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue an adverse opinion due to ineffective internal control over financial reporting, and we may be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities, such as the SEC. As a result, there could be a negative reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements. Any such action could have a significant and adverse effect on our business and reputation, which could negatively affect our results of operations or cash flows. In addition, we may be required to incur additional costs in improving our internal control system and the hiring of additional personnel.
The price of our common stock may be volatile and may be affected by market conditions beyond our control, and the market price of our common stock may drop below the price you paid to acquire shares of our common stock.
Our quarterly results of operations are likely to fluctuate in the future as a publicly traded company. In addition, securities markets worldwide have experienced, and are likely to continue to experience, significant price and volume fluctuations. This market volatility, as well as general economic, market or political conditions, could subject the market price of our shares of common stock to wide price fluctuations regardless of our operating performance, which could cause a decline in the value of your investment. You should also be aware that price volatility may be greater if the public float and trading volume of shares of our common stock is low. Some factors that may cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate, in addition to the other risks discussed in this Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K, include:
•our operating and financial performance and prospects;
•our announcements or our competitors’ announcements regarding new products or services, enhancements, significant contracts, acquisitions or strategic investments;
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•changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts who cover our common stock;
•fluctuations in our quarterly financial results or, in the event we provide it from time to time, earnings guidance, or the quarterly financial results or earnings guidance of companies perceived by investors to be similar to us;
•changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities, sales of large blocks of common stock by our stockholders, including our principal stockholder, or the incurrence of additional debt;
•departure of key personnel;
•reputational issues;
•changes in general economic and market conditions, including related to the COVID-19 pandemic;
•changes in industry conditions or perceptions or changes in the market outlook for the healthcare industry; and
•changes in applicable laws, rules or regulations or regulatory actions affecting us or our clients and other dynamics.
These and other factors may cause the market price for shares of our common stock to fluctuate substantially, which may limit or prevent investors from readily selling their shares or purchasing new shares of our common stock and may otherwise negatively affect the liquidity of our common stock. In addition, in the past, when the market price of a stock has been volatile, holders of that stock sometimes have instituted securities class action litigation against the company that issued the stock. Securities litigation against us, regardless of the merits or outcome, could result in substantial costs and divert the time and attention of our management from the business, which could significantly harm our business, results of operations, financial condition or reputation.
Our principal stockholder, TPG, has significant influence over us, and its interests could conflict with those of our other stockholders.
As of December 31, 2021, our principal stockholder, TPG, holds approximately 74.7% of our common stock. As a result, our principal stockholder will continue to be able to influence matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers or other extraordinary transactions. TPG may also have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to your interests. The concentration of ownership may also have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control of the Company, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for shares of their common stock as part of a sale of our Company and might ultimately affect the market price of our common stock.
As long as our principal stockholder, TPG, owns a majority of the shares of our common stock, we may rely on certain exemptions from the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE available for “controlled companies.”
We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance listing requirements of the NYSE because TPG continues to own more than 50% of our outstanding shares of common stock. A controlled company may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements of the NYSE. Accordingly, our Board of Directors is not required to have a majority of independent directors and our Compensation Committee and Nominating and Governance Committee are not required to meet the director independence requirements to which we would otherwise be subject until such time as we cease to be a “controlled company.” We have taken advantage of certain of these exemptions. Accordingly, you will not have certain of the protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.
Your percentage ownership in us may be diluted by future issuances of capital stock, which could reduce your influence over matters on which stockholders vote.
Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, our Board of Directors has the authority, without action or vote of our stockholders, to issue all or any part of our authorized but unissued shares of common stock, including shares issuable upon the exercise of options, or shares of our authorized but unissued preferred stock. Issuances of shares of common stock or shares of voting preferred stock would reduce your influence over matters on which our stockholders vote and, in the case of issuances of shares of preferred stock, would likely result in your interest in us being subject to the prior rights of holders of that preferred stock.
Future sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may depress the price of our shares.
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If our stockholders sell a large number of shares of our common stock, or if we issue a large number of shares of our common stock in connection with future acquisitions, financings or other circumstances, the market price of shares of our common stock could decline significantly. Moreover, the perception in the public market that our stockholders might sell shares of our common stock could depress the market price of those shares. In addition, sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock by our principal stockholder could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
All the shares sold in the initial public offering (“IPO”) were freely tradable without restriction, except for shares acquired by any of our “affiliates,” as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, including our principal stockholder. Immediately after the IPO, the public market for our common stock included only the shares of common stock sold in our IPO and, upon registration, they can now be sold in the public market upon issuance, subject to restrictions under the securities laws applicable to resales by affiliates. In connection with our IPO, we entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with TPG, the Chairman of our Board of Directors and our Chief Executive Officer. The Registration Rights Agreement provides TPG with certain registration rights whereby TPG can require us to register under the Securities Act shares of our common stock.
We do not anticipate declaring or paying regular dividends on our common stock in the near term, and our indebtedness could limit our ability to pay dividends on our common stock.
We do not currently anticipate declaring or paying regular cash dividends on our common stock in the near term. We currently intend to use our future earnings, if any, to pay debt obligations, to fund our growth and develop our business and for general corporate purposes. Therefore, you are not likely to receive any cash dividends on your common stock in the near term, and the success of an investment in shares of our common stock will depend upon any future appreciation in their value. There is no guarantee that shares of our common stock will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which they are initially offered. Any future declaration and payment of cash dividends or other distributions of capital will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and the payment of any future cash dividends or other distributions of capital will depend on many factors, including our financial condition, earnings, cash needs, regulatory constraints, capital requirements (including requirements of our subsidiaries) and any other factors that our Board of Directors deems relevant in making such a determination. The agreement governing the indebtedness of our subsidiaries imposes restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or other distributions to us, and future agreements governing debt our subsidiaries may enter into may impose similar restrictions. We cannot assure you that we will establish a dividend policy or pay cash dividends in the future or continue to pay any cash dividend if we do commence paying cash dividends pursuant to a dividend policy or otherwise.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation designates courts in the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, and also provides that the federal district courts will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, each of which could limit our stockholders’ ability to choose the judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, stockholders or employees.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, subject to limited exceptions, the Court of Chancery for the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for:
•any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company;
•any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or stockholder of the Company to the Company or the Company’s stockholders;
•any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws; and
•any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation also provides that the federal district courts of the United States of America are the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action against us or any of our directors, officers, employees or agents and arising under the Securities Act. However, Section 22 of the Securities Act provides that federal and state courts have concurrent jurisdiction over lawsuits brought pursuant to the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. To the extent the exclusive forum provision restricts the courts in which claims arising under the Securities Act may be brought, there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce such a provision. We note that investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. This provision does not apply to claims brought under the Exchange Act.
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Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to these provisions. These provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business or financial condition.
Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, and Delaware corporate laws, may prevent or delay an acquisition of us, which could decrease the trading price of our common stock.
Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and of state law may delay, deter, prevent or render more difficult a takeover attempt that our stockholders might consider in their best interests. For example, such provisions or laws may prevent our stockholders from receiving the benefit from any premium to the market price of our common stock offered by a bidder in a takeover context. Even in the absence of a takeover attempt, the existence of these provisions may adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common stock if they are viewed as discouraging takeover attempts in the future.
Certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may have anti-takeover effects and may delay, deter or prevent a takeover attempt that our stockholders might consider in their best interests. These anti-takeover provisions and laws may delay, deter or prevent a takeover attempt that our stockholders might consider in their best interests. As a result, our stockholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains a provision renouncing our interest and expectancy in certain corporate opportunities, which could adversely impact our business.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that TPG, any of its affiliates and the members of our Board of Directors who are affiliated with them (including, based on the current composition of our Board of Directors, Todd Sisitsky and Katherine Wood, who are Partners of TPG) will not be required to offer us corporate opportunities of which they become aware and can take any such corporate opportunities for themselves or offer such opportunities to other companies in which they have an investment. Such corporate opportunities include engaging, directly or indirectly, in the same, similar or competing business activities or lines of business in which we operate. We, by the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, will expressly renounce any interest or expectancy in any such corporate opportunity to the extent permitted under applicable law, even if the opportunity is one that we or our subsidiaries might reasonably have pursued or had the ability or desire to pursue if granted the opportunity to do so. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will not be able to be amended to eliminate our renunciation of any such corporate opportunity arising prior to the date of any such amendment.
TPG is in the business of making investments in companies and TPG may from time to time acquire and hold interests in businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us. These potential conflicts of interest could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows or prospects if TPG allocates attractive corporate opportunities to itself or its affiliates instead of to us.
General Risks
We may become involved in litigation, investigations and regulatory inquiries and proceedings that could negatively affect us and our reputation.
From time to time, we may become involved in various legal, administrative and regulatory proceedings, claims, demands and investigations relating to our business, which may include claims with respect to commercial, tort, intellectual property, data privacy, consumer protection, breach of contract, employment, class action, whistleblower and other matters. In the ordinary course of business, we also receive inquiries from and have discussions with government entities regarding our compliance with laws and regulations. Such matters can be costly and time consuming and divert the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations. Additionally, insurance coverage with respect to some claims against us or our directors and officers may not be available on terms that would be favorable to us, or the cost of such coverage could increase in the future. Similarly, if any litigation to which we are a party is resolved adversely, we may be subject to an unfavorable judgment that may not be reversed upon appeal. Any claims or litigation could cause us to incur significant expenses, including legal expenses, and, if successfully asserted against us, could require that we pay substantial damages, delay or prevent us from offering our products or services, or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. We may also decide to settle such matters on terms that are unfavorable to us.
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Our financial results may be adversely impacted by changes in accounting principles applicable to us.
Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States are set by and subject to interpretation by the FASB and the SEC and new accounting principles are adopted from time to time. For example, in May 2014, the FASB issued accounting standards update No. 2014-09 (Topic 606), Revenue from Contracts with Clients, which superseded nearly all previously existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP. The core principle of Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to clients in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
If our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies prove to be incorrect or change, our results of operations could be harmed.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto. We base these estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, as provided in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates.” The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets, liabilities and equity and the amount of revenue and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates and judgments are based on historical information currently available to us and based on various other assumptions that we conclude to be reasonable under the circumstances. While management concludes that such estimates are reasonable when considered in conjunction with our consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) taken as a whole, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Changes in accounting standards issued by the FASB or other standard-setting bodies may adversely affect our financial statements.
Our financial statements are subject to the application of GAAP, which is periodically revised or expanded. From time to time, we are required to adopt new or revised accounting standards issued by recognized authoritative bodies. It is possible that future accounting standards we are required to adopt may require changes to the current accounting treatment that we apply to our consolidated financial statements and may require us to make significant changes to our systems. Such changes could result in a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or our industry or if they issue unfavorable commentary or negative recommendations with respect to our common stock, the price of our common stock could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that equity research and other securities analysts publish about us, our business and our industry. We do not have control over these analysts and we may be unable or slow to attract research coverage following the completion of this offering. One or more analysts could issue negative recommendations with respect to our common stock or publish other unfavorable commentary or cease publishing reports about us, our business or our industry. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us, we could lose visibility in the market. As a result of one or more of these factors, the market price of our common stock could decline rapidly and our common stock trading volume could be adversely affected.
We will incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and operating as a public company will place additional demands on our management.
As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and the NYSE have imposed various requirements on public companies, including the establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and corporate governance practices. Compliance with these requirements will place significant additional demands on our management and will require us to enhance certain internal functions, such as investor relations, legal, financial reporting and corporate communications. Accordingly, these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, we expect that these rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance.
Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we will be required to furnish a report by our management regarding our internal control over financial reporting, including, once we are no longer an emerging growth company, an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. To achieve
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compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act within the prescribed period, we will be engaged in a process to document and evaluate our internal control over financial reporting, which is both costly and time-consuming. In this regard, we will need to continue to dedicate internal resources, engage outside consultants and adopt a detailed work plan to assess and document the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, continue steps to improve control processes, validate through testing that controls are functioning as documented and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting. Despite our efforts, there is a risk that neither we nor our independent registered public accounting firm will be able to conclude within the prescribed timeframe that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. This could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Properties
Our principal executive offices are located in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where we lease approximately 33,630 square feet of office space. The lease for our principal executive offices is currently scheduled to terminate in 2029. In addition to our principal executive offices, we have additional leased facilities in:
• Chicago, Illinois;
• Lenexa, Kansas;
• Las Vegas, Nevada
• Miramar, Florida;
• Pompano Beach, Florida;
• Port St. Lucie, Florida;
• Yuma, Arizona; and
• Manila, Philippines.
We do not own any of our facilities. We believe that our current facilities are adequate to meet our current and expected future needs and believe that we should be able to renew any of our leases without an adverse impact on our operations.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
From time to time we are a party to various legal proceedings incidental to the conduct of our business. The results of legal proceedings are inherently unpredictable and uncertain. We are not presently party to any legal proceedings that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, liquidity, results of operation, cash flows or capital levels. We periodically reexamine our estimates of probable liabilities and any associated expenses and receivables and make appropriate adjustments to such estimates based on experience and developments in litigation. As a result, the current estimates of the potential impact on our business, prospects, financial condition, liquidity, results of operation, cash flows or capital levels for the proceedings and claims described in the notes to our consolidated financial statements could change in the future.
Regardless of the outcome, legal proceedings have the potential to have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. See “Risk Factors — General Risks — We may become involved in litigation, investigations and regulatory inquiries and proceedings that could negatively affect us and our reputation.”
Solis Litigation
On July 11, 2017, Ronnie Kahululani Solis (“Solis”) filed suit in the Los Angeles Superior Court against one of our former subsidiaries, Gorman Health Group, LLC (“Gorman”), which merged into Convey Health Solutions, Inc. effective September 1, 2020, for damages, for negligence and negligence per se arising out of an incident that occurred on March 3, 2017. Solis alleged damages in excess of $6.0 million stemming from an accident involving a vehicle and a motorcycle. The vehicle was being operated by a Gorman employee in the scope of his employment. In July 2021, the parties reached an agreement to settle the claim for $1.2 million and in August 2021, the settlement was paid by the insurance company.
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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
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PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock has been publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “CNVY” since our IPO on June 16, 2021. Prior to this date there was no public market for our common stock.
Holders of Common Stock
As of March 11, 2022, there were approximately 37 holders of record of our common stock. The actual number of stockholders is greater than this number of record holders, and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners, but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders also does not include stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.
Dividend Policy
We do not currently anticipate declaring or paying regular cash dividends on shares of our common stock in the near term. Any future declaration and payment of cash dividends or other distributions of capital will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on our financial condition, earnings, cash needs, capital requirements (including requirements of our subsidiaries), contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions, and any other factors that our Board of Directors deems relevant in making such a determination. Therefore, we cannot assure you that we will pay any cash dividends or other distributions to holders of shares of our common stock, or as to the amount of any such cash dividends or other distributions. We are a holding company and do not conduct any business operations of our own. As a result, our ability to pay cash dividends on shares of our common stock is dependent upon cash dividends, distributions and other transfers from our subsidiaries. Our Credit Agreement imposes restrictions on certain of our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or other distributions to us. See “Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Capital Structure, Indebtedness and Capital Requirements.”
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Performance Graph
The following graph shows a comparison from June 16, 2021 through December 31, 2021 of the cumulative return on our common stock, relative to the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index ("S&P 500"), and the S&P 500 Healthcare Technology ("S&P 500 HC Technology"). The changes are based on the assumption that $100 has been invested in our common stock and each index and that all dividends have been reinvested. The total cumulative dollar returns shown on the graph represent the value that such investment would have had on December 31, 2021 and are not intended to suggest future performance.
The stock performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities under that Section, and shall not be deemed to
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be incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act or Exchange Act, except to the extent that we specifically request that it be treated as soliciting material or specifically incorporate it by reference into a filing under the Securities Act or Exchange Act.
Item 6. [Reserved]
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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-K”).
The following discussion and analysis also includes discussion of certain non-GAAP financial measures. For a description and reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures discussed in this section, see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.
This Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements”. These statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies and other future conditions. Such forward-looking statements may include, without limitation, statements about future opportunities for us and our products and services, our future operations, financial or operating results, anticipated business levels, future earnings, planned activities, anticipated growth, market opportunities, strategies, competitions and other expectations and targets for future periods. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “seek,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” continue,” contemplate,” “plan” and other words and terms of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which may be beyond our control. We caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance or outcomes and that actual performance and outcomes may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K. In addition, even if our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, and the development of the markets in which we operate, are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K, those results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods. New factors emerge from time to time that may cause our business not to develop as we expect, and it is not possible for us to predict all of them. Factors that could cause actual results and outcomes to differ from those reflected in forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: our ability to retain our existing clients or attract new clients, and sell additional solutions and services to our clients; our dependence on a small number of clients for a substantial portion of our total revenue; limitations of our clients’ growth prospects, and the failure of the size of the total addressable markets in which we compete or expect that we may compete in the future to grow at rates currently expected; our ability to achieve or maintain profitability; Federal reductions in Medicare Advantage funding; significant consolidation in the healthcare industry, and decisions by clients to perform internally some of the same solutions or services we offer; the limited operating history we have with certain of our solutions; a failure to deliver high-quality member management services to our clients’ members; the competition we face from healthcare services and technology companies; risks related to acquisitions of other businesses or technologies and other significant transactions; increases in labor costs, including due to changing minimum wage laws, and an overall tightening of the labor market; the long and unpredictable sales and integration cycles for our solutions; an economic downturn or volatility, including as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic; our ability to achieve market acceptance of new or updated solutions and services; our reliance on third parties for certain components of our business; significant fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations due to seasonality; our ability to achieve or maintain adequate utilization and suitable billing rates for our consultants, and our ability to deliver our services to our clients; recent and future developments in the Medicare Advantage market or the healthcare industry generally, including with respect to changing laws and regulations; our ability to comply with applicable laws, regulations and standards relating to data privacy and security; security breaches or incidents, failures and other disruptions of the information technology systems used in our business operations and of the sensitive information we collect, process, transmit, use and store; disruptions in service, and other software and systems failures, affecting us and our vendors; our ability to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights; our ability to operate our business without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating the intellectual property or proprietary rights of third parties; our substantial indebtedness, and the restrictions imposed by our indebtedness on our subsidiaries; identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and a failure to remediate these material weaknesses, and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting; and the significant influence our principal stockholder, TPG, has over us.
For a further discussion of these and other factors that could impact our future results, performance or transactions, see Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of this Form 10-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, and new risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for us to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Form 10-K may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. In
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addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Form 10-K, and, while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. We qualify all of the forward-looking statements in this Form 10-K by these cautionary statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Overview
The Company is a leading healthcare platform that utilizes technology and processes to improve government-sponsored health plans, including Medicare Advantage (“MA”) plans. We help health plans to grow membership and revenue as well as operate more effectively and efficiently. We are a trusted solutions-oriented partner to payors and deliver purpose-built technology and services to enhance our clients’ mission-critical workflows. Our solutions address health plan needs, including product development and sales, member experience management, clinical management, core operations, business intelligence and analytics. Leveraging our technology and expert advisory services, we serve as a unified and integrated extension of our clients’ core health plan operations. Our proprietary, modular technology and end-to-end solutions replace or supplement our clients’ existing systems and processes, enabling us to help health plans attract and retain members, improve revenue accuracy, drive cost savings, facilitate regulatory compliance, and enhance operational effectiveness.
Since our inception, we have created and continuously refined our technology solutions to best serve government-sponsored health plans. Our clients are primarily MA plans, Medicare Part D plans (“PDP”), including Employer Group Waiver plans, and pharmacy benefit managers (“PBM”). As of December 31, 2021, our solutions managed over 3.5 million MA members and 1.6 million PDP members. Additionally, our value-based analytics, which are powered by our 35 million member data set, provided actionable insights for nearly 7.3 million MA members in 2021.
We foster long-term collaborative partnerships as evidenced by our average relationship with our top 10 clients of over eight years, and we serve as a partner to nine of the nation’s top 10 MA payors by lives covered, in each case as of December 31, 2021. We believe that we have significant opportunity to grow within our existing client base as the majority of our clients currently subscribe to only a subset of our overall solutions and services. Moreover, we believe we have significant opportunity to grow by winning new clients in the MA market, by selling more products to our existing clients, by expanding into adjacent markets such as Medicaid and commercial insurance, and through complementary strategic acquisitions.
Our clients face significant and constantly evolving challenges managing their Medicare health plans:
•Increasingly Competitive Environment for Medicare Plans: Effective benefit design and sales are critical to retaining and growing members during the Medicare annual enrollment period. Once members are enrolled in a plan, effective member engagement and supplemental benefits administration are paramount to ensuring strong satisfaction and retention. Moreover, the proliferation of value-based reimbursement models such as MA requires effective member management and broad ecosystem coordination, which fall outside the core competencies of many health plans.
•Compliance with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) Requirements: Constantly evolving CMS and client requirements result in hundreds of modifications per year that inhibit the operational effectiveness and capabilities of health plans. Our purpose-built government sector technology platform addresses these constantly evolving requirements.
•Complex and Highly Regulated Medicare Market: Many health plans enter the government plan market by simply adapting their existing systems designed for the commercial insurance market. As a result, the technology they employ often lacks the sophistication and design needed to effectively maintain and administer benefits tailored for the complex and highly regulated Medicare market.
Health plans increasingly recognize the need for specialized solutions like ours to help them overcome these challenges and drive superior performance. We believe our proprietary technology and processes facilitate member engagement, health plan growth, and operational efficiencies.
We operate in two segments: Technology Enabled Solutions (“TES”) in which we provide technology and support solutions to our clients, and Advisory Services (“Advisory”) in which we provide project-based consulting services led by our long-tenured subject matter experts. Our TES segment was approximately 84% of our consolidated revenue and our Advisory segment was approximately 16% for the year ended December 31, 2021. We believe that our combination of technology and advisory solutions gives us a competitive advantage in the government-sponsored health plan market. Our Technology Enabled
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Solutions and Advisory teams collaborate effectively to combine a strong technology platform with deep domain expertise to deliver best-in-class solutions to our clients. Furthermore, we leverage the Advisory team’s industry expertise to identify new opportunities as well as cross-sell our solutions within existing clients.
We have a highly predictable and recurring revenue model with strong cash flow from operations. We typically charge a recurring subscription or per-member fee or a re-occurring utilization-based fee, which, coupled with our long-term contracts and strong client retention, has historically provided us with strong revenue visibility into estimated future revenue. Our Technology Enabled Solutions business historically has been highly predictable as most of our revenue in any given year is under contract or otherwise visible by the beginning of that year due to the contract structures we employ.
For more information on our business, see Part I, Item 1 “Business” of this Form 10-K.
Initial Public Offering
On June 18, 2021, we closed the initial public offering (“IPO”) of our common stock through an underwritten sale of 13,333,334 shares of our common stock at a price of $14.00 per share. In the offering, we sold 11,666,667 shares and a selling stockholder sold 1,666,667 shares. The aggregate net proceeds to us from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses payable by us, were approximately $146.1 million. We used approximately $131.5 million of the net proceeds from the IPO to repay outstanding indebtedness under our First Lien Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale by the selling stockholder.
Key Factors Affecting Our Performance
Our results of operations and financial condition have been, and will continue to be, affected by several factors that present significant opportunities for us but can also pose risks and challenges, including those discussed below and in the section of this Form 10-K titled “Risk Factors.”
Continued Growth of Medicare Advantage Market
We primarily operate within the government-sponsored health plan market, supporting government-sponsored health plans and PBMs with healthcare-specific, compliant member support solutions. Our solutions and services are primarily tailored to the Medicare Advantage market, which has grown significantly in recent years. Data from the U.S. government and third-party industry participants forecast that this growth will continue for the foreseeable future, driven largely by demographic trends in the United States where an increasingly large share of the adult U.S. population will become eligible for Medicare, as well as an increasing tendency of individuals to opt into Medicare Advantage plans versus traditional Medicare plans. MA enrollment grew by a 7% compound annual growth rate from 2015 to 2020 and is expected to grow at that same 7% growth rate from 2020 to 2025. In addition, MA enrollment as a percentage of total Medicare enrollment is expected to grow from 38.7% in 2020 to 46.5% in 2025. Within our core Medicare Advantage market, we estimate the total addressable opportunity for our technologies and services to be approximately $77 billion. Because we have designed our platform to bring purpose-built, technology enabled solutions for government-sponsored health plans, in particular Medicare Advantage plans, we believe we are well positioned to capitalize on the anticipated growth of the Medicare Advantage market.
Client Retention and Expansion of Existing Relationships
We foster long-term, collaborative partnerships as evidenced by our average relationship with our top 10 clients of over eight years as of December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, we served 169 clients, including nine of the nation’s top 10 payors. The value we deliver to our clients is demonstrated though our high Gross Dollar Retention (“GDR”), which was 99%, 98%, and 99% in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. 2019 is based on the Successor period from June 13, 2019 to December 31, 2019 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019. Our ability to increase revenue depends, in part, on our ability to retain our existing clients and expand our relationships with these clients by selling additional solutions and services to them.
Our ability to retain our clients is dependent on several variables, including our ability to support their growth and our ability to positively engage with their members. Because we offer a flexible and comprehensive technology platform that covers end-to-end payor workflows to address a wide variety of health plan and member needs, we have been able to retain existing clients and successfully expand these relationships over time. As a result of an increasingly competitive landscape, we have had clients not renew their contracts with us. We believe, however, that the superior outcomes we have delivered to clients combined with the flexibility of our platform will enable us to continue to grow our existing relationships. Our Advisory segment complements our Technology Enabled Solutions segment and the insights of our subject matter experts provide us
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with unique perspectives into marketplace opportunities for our Technology Enabled Solutions segment. In addition, we often forge strong relationships with key decision makers at our clients as a result of the work our Advisory segment performs.
Expansion of Existing and New Solutions and Services
We believe we have significant remaining opportunity to continue our growth within our existing client base. For example, approximately 60% of our technology enabled solutions client base uses only one of our three core technology enabled solutions as of December 31, 2021. Additionally, approximately 46% of our clients use only Advisory services as of December 31, 2021, and currently utilize none of our TES solutions. We estimate we have a $10.0 billion directly addressable opportunity in our existing client base with the technology solutions we offer today. Given the C-suite relationships we have in our Advisory business, we believe our existing client base continues to be a significant channel in which to sell both our existing technologies and any additional solutions or services. We have historically had an exceptional track record of growth within existing clients as evidenced through our high Net Dollar Retention (“NDR”) of 117%, 135%, and 142% in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. 2019 is based on the Successor period from June 13, 2019 to December 31, 2019 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019.
In addition, we are constantly expanding the solutions and services we offer through internal innovation and through strategic acquisitions in order to keep pace with changes in the government-sponsored health plan market, including the anticipated continued growth of Medicare Advantage and the increasing tendency of health plans to outsource core and non-core health plan functions to third-party partners such as us. These factors have enabled us to deliver additional functionality over time, and we are always evaluating new markets for opportunities to deploy our broad set of solutions and services. We believe our demonstrated ability to provide purpose-built, technology enabled solutions and advisory to participants in this market and our track record of enhancing operational efficiencies, facilitating regulatory compliance and delivering a high-quality member experience positions us well to serve as a high value-add strategic partner to our existing and prospective client base.
Seasonality
We typically generate outsized revenue in the fourth quarter primarily due to increased member utilization of supplemental benefits within our TES segment. The supplemental benefit programs, including products, we support may include an in-year roll-over provision, in which benefits not used during the calendar year accumulate and are available for members to use prior to the end of the following calendar year. Similarly, we typically incur outsized expenses in the fourth quarter, driven by the increased member utilization of supplemental benefits described above, as well as increased costs related to our advanced plan administration solutions, which are within our TES segment, for managing the Medicare annual election period. As part of these expenses, we also experience seasonal employee hiring practices primarily from September through December in connection with the Medicare annual enrollment period, which typically results in the hiring of a significant number of full-time employees on a temporary basis.
Investments in Growth and Technology
We continue to invest in growth by expanding our suite of solutions both organically and through strategic acquisition. Achievement of our growth strategy will require additional investments and result in higher expenses incurred and ongoing capital expenditures, particularly in developing new solutions and successfully cross-selling and upselling additional solutions and services to current clients. Developing new solutions can be time and resource intensive, and it can take a significant amount of time and investment to contract with clients, provide them with new technology offerings and have those technology offerings implemented to begin to generate revenue for us. This may increase our costs for one or more periods before we begin generating revenue from new or expanded solutions or services utilized by our clients. We will continue to invest in our technology platform and human resources to enable our clients to further optimize their health plan offerings and improve their operating efficiency.
Client Concentration
We have developed long-term relationships with our clients and typically enter into multi-year contracts covering multiple products. For example, we have an average relationship with our top 10 clients of over eight years as of December 31, 2021. For the year ended December 31, 2021, our two largest clients, when aggregating all the solutions and services utilized by such clients across separate contracts with multiple product delivery solutions, represented 27.8% and 18.9% of our total revenue, respectively, or collectively 46.7% of our total revenue during this period. Consequently, the loss of all or a portion of revenue from any of our largest clients or the renegotiation of any of our largest client contracts could adversely impact our results of operations and cash flows. See “Risk Factors- Our client base is highly concentrated and we currently depend on a small number of clients for a substantial portion of our total revenue, and this concentration exposes us disproportionately to effects
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from altered contracts with these clients”. While we have client concentration, our longest client relationships are among our two largest clients at 16 years and 10 years as of December 31, 2021, respectively, and we generally have long-term contracts with our other clients as well. In addition, we have many different contractual relationships with, and provide many different solutions to, each of our top clients. The multiple solutions we provide to our clients, the length of our contracts and the established long-term relationships we have developed with our top clients reduces the overall risk of concentration to our business.
COVID-19 Pandemic
COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Governments at the national, state, and local level in the U.S., and globally, have implemented varying measures in an effort to contain the virus, including social distancing, travel restrictions, border closures, limitations on public gatherings of people, work from home and supply chain logistical changes. While some of these actions have eased, escalating transmission rates (including of the Delta and Omicron variants of COVID-19), uneven vaccination and vaccination booster rates and further governmental guidance and orders may result in having to reimplement certain of these measures or implementing new and additional ones. The spread of COVID-19 has also caused significant volatility in United States and international markets and has had and continues to have widespread, rapidly evolving and unpredictable impacts on global society, economies, financial markets and business practices.
Our operations have been impacted by COVID-19 since March 2020. During March and April 2020, we obtained approval from our clients for a work-at-home model, though not all required our approval, and transitioned most of our employees to the home environment so that they could work more safely. COVID-19 created a hardship for many of our employees. We worked during 2020 to care for our employees by periodically implementing temporary premium pay and temporary paid sick leave programs which provided additional financial resources for our employees, as well as partial pay for those employees who contracted the virus or had to care for a family member who was affected. We also had provided compensation to employees who worked with us for more than six months so that they can take time off to be vaccinated. In addition, we increased cleaning protocols throughout our facilities. Certain of these measures have resulted in increased costs.
Due to significant volatility to the markets, as well as business and supply chain disruptions, we incurred several additional expenses due to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the following:
•Higher Pricing from Vendors and Higher Shipping Costs: We experienced higher costs to procure certain products included in the formulary available to Medicare members. The price increases were due to supply chain disruptions and product shortages caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. We quantified the pricing increase by comparing the pre-pandemic prices for high demand products directly attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g., masks and other similar high demand products) to the prices to procure such products during the pandemic. Further, we incurred additional costs due to expedited shipping fees as a result of new inventory management practices put into place due to supply chain disruptions and delays caused by COVID-19 in order to fulfill product demand.
•Sick Pay, Premium Pay and Hazard Pay: Temporary sick leave was paid to employees if specific criteria related to the COVID-19 pandemic were met. Incremental premium pay and hazard pay were paid to distribution and shipping employees who worked their normal scheduled shifts. In addition, we paid a one-time bonus to supervisors for working additional hours to support the transition of our employees to a work-at-home model.
•Wages to Accommodate Social Distancing: In order to meet the annual enrollment and quarterly volume requirements while properly socially distancing team members who were required to work in-person at our distribution facilities, we decreased the number of agents per training session and held training sessions up to eight weeks in advance of normal requirements, creating an extended training program with costs incremental to a standard operating training schedule. In addition, individuals working at our distribution centers to fulfill product delivery requirements were required to social distance and, as a result, we were required to add shifts and increased headcount to accomplish the same productivity as experienced prior to the COVID-19 pandemic under our normal operations. We quantified the incremental cost attributable to the modified staffing put into place due to COVID-19 by comparing the cost of our standard staffing with our actual incurred costs due to the changes.
•Work-at-Home Training: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we held work-at-home remote training. To accomplish this transition, hourly new hire employees were required to receive training regarding at-home information technology (“IT”) and telephony equipment setup. We paid the hourly new hire employees four hours for these efforts at their regular hourly wage rate and applicable fringe benefit rate.
•IT Expenses: Additional temporary IT resources were retained, and overtime hours were incurred, for existing IT resources, in order to implement the new remote working environment designed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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•Janitorial Costs: Due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented an enhanced sanitation policy. The enhanced sanitation policy included special deep cleaning sessions in areas contacted by employees who had tested positive for COVID-19 and enhanced sanitation sessions through our facilities compared to the sanitation methods used prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for amounts related to the additional expenses due to the COVID-19 pandemic (Cost of COVID-19). These expenses are not expected to be an adjustment in the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA after 2021.
The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic and the various responses to the COVID-19 pandemic will impact our business, operations or financial condition continues to depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including, but not limited to, the duration, severity and scope of the COVID-19 pandemic (including due to new variants such as Delta and Omicron); actions by governmental entities, businesses and individuals that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the effect on our clients and demand by clients, clients and our clients’ members for and ability to pay for our solutions and services; and disruptions or restrictions on our employees’ ability to work and travel. The impact of these factors and others on our suppliers and clients could persist for some time after governments ease their restrictions and after the overall number of COVID-19 cases in the United States decreases. We may continue to experience higher than usual costs as a result of COVID-19 for the foreseeable future.
Key Business and Operating Metrics
We regularly review financial and operating metrics, including the following key metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance and manage our operations, including by identifying trends affecting our business, formulating business plans and making strategic decisions. We believe that non-GAAP and operational measures provide an additional way of viewing aspects of our operations that, when viewed together with our GAAP results, provide a more complete understanding of our results of operations and the factors and trends affecting our business. These non-GAAP financial measures are also used by our management to evaluate financial results and to plan and forecast future periods. Non-GAAP financial measures should be considered a supplement to, and not a substitute for, or superior to, the corresponding measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures used by us may differ from the non-GAAP measures used by other companies, including our competitors. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information on non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable GAAP measures.
Segment Revenue
We evaluate the performance of each of our operating segments based on segment revenue. We continue to see rapid growth in our Technology Enabled Solutions segment driven by both existing and new clients. Within our existing client base, we benefit from both increased volume driven by growth in the membership of our existing clients as well as incremental implementations of new solutions for both existing and new clients. Advisory revenue was negatively impacted in 2020 by COVID-19 as our health plan clients closed their offices, which impacted the ability of our advisory team to meet in person with health plan clients as was customary prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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We generated $338 million in net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $283 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase of $54.7 million reflects growth of 19.3%. We generated $80 million and $141 million in net revenues for the Successor period and Predecessor period, respectively.
Revenue in our Technology Enabled Solutions segment was $285 million, $241 million, $66 million and $110 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, the Successor period, and the Predecessor period, respectively. Revenue in our Advisory Services segment was $53 million, $42 million, $14 million and $31 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, the Successor period, and the Predecessor period, respectively.
Net (Loss) Income, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
In addition to net (loss) income and net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are key measures we use to assess our financial performance and are also used for internal planning and forecasting purposes. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. We define EBITDA as net income (loss) less income (loss) from discontinued operations adjusted for interest, net, income tax expense (benefit), and depreciation and amortization expense. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA further adjusted for certain items of a significant or unusual nature, including but not limited to, change in fair value contingent consideration, COVID-19 cost impacts, non-cash stock compensation, transaction related costs, acquisition bonus expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, director and officer prior act liability insurance policy and other costs. Other includes costs such as contract termination fees, management and board of directors fees, and arrangement fees paid to TPG in connection with obtaining the incremental term loans. We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA provide investors with useful information because such metrics offer a consistent and comparable overview of our operations across historical financial periods. In evaluating EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to those eliminated in the presentation.
We had a net loss of $10.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, net loss of $6.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, net loss of $16.8 million for the Successor period and net income of $3.6 million for the Predecessor period.
We generated $69.2 million in Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2021. We generated $51.5 million, $14.0 million, and $27.5 million in Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Successor period, and the Predecessor period, respectively.
See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information and a reconciliation of net (loss) income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA.
We also use the following operating metrics on an annual basis to evaluate our performance: Technology Client Gross Dollar Retention, Technology Net Dollar Retention, and Advisory Revenue per Headcount.
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Technology Client Gross Dollar Retention
We use Technology GDR to measure the performance of existing solutions on an existing client basis and believe it is useful to investors, as it represents the gross retention of our existing client engagements on a revenue retention basis. Technology Annual Contracted Revenue (“ACR”) at the beginning of the fiscal period is equal to the prior year total revenue for our reported Technology Enabled Solutions segment. For example, as of December 31, 2020, revenue from the Technology Enabled Solutions segment was $241.3 million which equals the 2021 Beginning Technology ACR. GDR is calculated by taking our ACR, which represents the annual revenue generated from the performance of our technology solutions as contracted by our clients, at the beginning of the fiscal period, and deducting from ACR the client attrition during the fiscal period. The difference is Technology Client Gross Retention. We then divide Technology Client Gross Retention by Beginning Technology ACR to calculate GDR. We have typically experienced a high client revenue retention rate as our solutions are deeply embedded in our clients’ core operations and difficult to replace. Our calculation of GDR may differ from similarly titled metrics presented by other companies. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 our GDR was 99%, 98%, and 99%, respectively. 2019 is based on the Successor period from June 13, 2019 to December 31, 2019 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019. A reconciliation of ACR to Technology GDR is set forth below.
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| $ in millions | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||
| Beginning Technology ACR | $ | 241 | $ | 176 | $ | 124 | |||||||||||
| (-) Attrition | (1) | (3) | (1) | ||||||||||||||
| Technology Client Gross Retention | $ | 240 | $ | 173 | $ | 123 | |||||||||||
| Technology Client Gross Dollar Retention (GDR) | 99 | % | 98 | % | 99 | % | |||||||||||
Technology Net Dollar Retention
We use Technology Net Dollar Retention (“NDR”) to measure the performance rate on a revenue retention basis of existing clients in total and before new client wins by adding cross-sell and upsell initiatives to GDR. NDR is calculated by taking Technology Client Gross Retention and adding existing client cross-sell (the additional solutions provided to existing clients) and net upsell (increased volume from current engagements with existing clients) to Technology GDR. We then divide Technology Net Retention by Beginning Technology ACR to calculate NDR, which represents the net retention of existing client engagements. While we believe NDR, in combination with other metrics, is useful to investors as an indicator of our near-term future revenue opportunity, it is not intended to be used as a projection of future revenue. Our calculation of NDR may differ from similarly titled metrics presented by other companies. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our NDR was 117%, 135%, and 142%, respectively. 2019 is based on the Successor period from June 13, 2019 to December 31, 2019 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019.
| For the Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| $ in millions | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
| Technology Client Gross Retention | $ | 240 | $ | 174 | $ | 123 | ||||||||||||||
| (+) Cross-sell, (+) Net Upsell | 44 | 65 | 52 | |||||||||||||||||
| Technology Net Retention | $ | 284 | $ | 239 | $ | 175 | ||||||||||||||
| Technology Net Dollar Retention (NDR) | 117 | % | 135 | % | 142 | % | ||||||||||||||
Advisory Revenue per Headcount
We use Advisory Revenue per Headcount to evaluate the revenue generation of our Advisory Services segment. We calculate Advisory Revenue per Headcount by dividing Advisory revenue by the total headcount in our Advisory segment. Headcount is calculated based on the average headcount during the calendar year. We have typically had high revenue per Advisory employee, demonstrating the efficiency of the Advisory segment. Our calculation of Advisory Revenue per Headcount may differ from similarly titled metrics by other companies. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we had Advisory Revenue per Headcount of $0.43 million, $0.32 million, and $0.40 million, respectively. 2019 is based on the Successor period from June 13, 2019 to December 31, 2019 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019.
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| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| $ in millions | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||
| Advisory Services Revenue | $ | 52,977 | $ | 41,578 | $ | 44,691 | |||||||||||
| Advisory Services Headcount | 123 | 130 | 113 | ||||||||||||||
| Advisory Services Revenue per Headcount | $ | 0.43 | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.40 | |||||||||||
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We present our financial results in accordance with GAAP. However, we use certain non-GAAP financial measures to supplement financial information presented on a GAAP basis. We believe that excluding certain items from our GAAP results allows management to better understand our consolidated financial performance from period to period and better project our future consolidated financial performance as forecasts are developed at a level of detail different from that used to prepare GAAP-based financial measures. Moreover, we believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide investors with useful information to help them evaluate our operating results by facilitating an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and enabling them to make more meaningful period to period comparisons. In particular, we use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to assess our financial performance and also for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA provide investors with useful information because such metrics offer a consistent and comparable overview of our operations across historical financial periods. In evaluating EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to those eliminated in the presentation. Non-GAAP measures should be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, the corresponding measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. There are limitations to the use of the non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Form 10-K. For example, our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting the usefulness of those measures for comparative purposes.
The non-GAAP financial measures we present are not meant to be considered as indicators of performance in isolation from or as a substitute for measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, and should be read only in conjunction with financial information presented on a GAAP basis. Reconciliations of each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, net income (loss), are presented below. We encourage you to review our financial information in its entirety, not to rely on any single financial measure and to view the reconciliations in conjunction with the presentation of the non-GAAP financial measures for each of the periods presented. In future periods, we may exclude such items, may incur income and expenses similar to these excluded items, and include other expenses, costs, and non-recurring items. The tables below provide reconciliations of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) on a consolidated basis for the periods indicated.
We define EBITDA as net income (loss) less income (loss) from discontinued operations adjusted for interest, net, income tax expense (benefit), and depreciation and amortization expense. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA further adjusted for certain items of a significant or unusual nature, including but not limited to, change in fair value contingent consideration, COVID-19 cost impacts, non-cash stock compensation, transaction related costs, acquisition bonus expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, director and officer prior act liability insurance policy and other costs. Other includes costs such as contract termination fees, management and board of directors fees, and arrangement fees paid to TPG in connection with obtaining the incremental term loans.
In addition, we measure the performance of our individual segments using Segment Adjusted EBITDA. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is the financial measure by which management allocates resources and analyzes the performance of the reportable segments. The main difference between Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is that Segment Adjusted EBITDA includes add backs for sales and use tax, lower consultant utilization due to COVID-19, executive recruitment and severance costs, certain revenue adjustments, contract termination costs, and severance.
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented:
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| Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (9,978) | $ | (6,462) | $ | (16,826) | $ | 3,649 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | 36 | 73 | (696) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from continuing operations | (9,978) | (6,498) | (16,899) | 4,345 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest, net | 17,294 | 18,853 | 5,762 | 6,213 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | (619) | (1,904) | (858) | (23,288) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 30,480 | 28,032 | 9,188 | 13,359 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | 37,177 | 38,483 | (2,807) | 629 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of contingent consideration(1) | 96 | (10,770) | — | 19,671 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of Covid-19(2) | 3,827 | 10,174 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash stock compensation expense(3) | 4,380 | 6,682 | — | 300 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction related costs(4) | 5,894 | 3,949 | 14,784 | 2,511 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition bonus expense – HealthScape and Pareto acquisition(5) | 667 | 1,989 | 1,663 | 3,685 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt(6) | 5,015 | — | 385 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Director and officer prior act liability insurance policy(7) | 7,861 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other(8) | 4,316 | 986 | — | 666 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 69,233 | $ | 51,493 | $ | 14,025 | $ | 27,462 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(1)Change in fair value of contingent consideration is composed of two components: earn-out liability and holdback liability. The earn-out liability resulted from the HealthScape Advisors, LLC (“HealthScape Advisors”) and Pareto Intelligence, LLC (“Pareto Intelligence”) acquisition that closed on November 16, 2018. The holdback liability resulted from the merger with TPG that closed on September 4, 2019. The earn-out liability and holdback liability were re-measured to fair value at each reporting date until the contingency was resolved. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we made a final payment of $13.1 million related to the holdback liability and a $7.5 million final payment related to the earn-out liability due to HealthScape Advisors.
(2)Due to significant volatility to the markets, as well as business and supply chain disruptions, we incurred several additional expenses due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Expenses incurred include the following: $0 and $3.2 million for early hire of employees due to social distancing and work at home protocols for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively; $2.3 million and $2.9 million for higher pricing from vendors due to supply chain disruptions, product shortages and increases in shipping costs for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively; $0.8 million and $2.8 million for higher employee costs due to hazard pay for our employees, enhanced sick pay due to illness and quarantine protocols for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively; $0.5 million and $0.7 million for COVID-19 training, overtime, temporary resources, and IT costs due to the change in the work environment for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively; and $0.2 million and $0.5 million for janitorial costs due to enhanced COVID-19 protocols for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These expenses are not expected to be an adjustment in the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA after 2021.
These expenses are included in Cost of services and Cost of products on our statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. See “Key Factors Affecting Our Performance — COVID-19 Pandemic” for additional information related to these expenses.
(3)Represents non-cash stock-based compensation expense in connection with the stock awards that have been granted to employees and non-employees. The expense is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses on our statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(4)Transaction related costs primarily consist of public company readiness costs, expenses for corporate development, such as mergers and acquisitions activity, and due diligence costs.
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(5)In conjunction with the HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence acquisitions, the previous shareholders set aside funds for an incentive compensation plan for employees who remained post acquisition. The costs were expensed on a monthly basis and funded through an escrow account which was established on the closing date and was included in restricted cash on our consolidated balance sheets. The expense is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses on our statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(6)The loss on extinguishment of debt was recognized for the prepayment of outstanding indebtedness.
(7)In connection with the IPO, we made a $7.9 million one-time payment on a 3-year director and officer prior act liability insurance policy. We deemed this policy to be a retroactive insurance policy and in accordance with ASC 720-20-25, “Retrospective Contracts”, we expensed the premium of $7.9 million in June 2021.
(8)Other includes other individual adjustments related to legal fees associated with obtaining the incremental loans, contract termination costs assessed upon the early termination of a facility lease, severance costs incurred as a result of eliminating certain positions, management service agreement termination fee, management fees and professional fees for assistance in the implementation of ASC 606. All costs are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses on our statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Components of Results of Operations
Revenue
We generate revenue from contracts with our clients within our two operating segments: Technology Enabled Solutions and Advisory Services.
Through our Technology Enabled Solutions segment, we primarily provide technology solutions and services to assist our clients with workflows across product development, member experience, clinical management, core operations, business intelligence, and analytics. Through our Advisory Services segment, we provide fixed or variable fee arrangements to assist clients in the design and management of government and commercial health plans. Our revenue includes both product revenue and service arrangements.
Products revenue consists of technology enabled solutions for supplemental benefits to members through their Medicare Advantage plans. These include supplemental benefit products, administration, fulfillment, and shipment of eligible product, as well as catalog development and distribution. Revenue is derived from supplemental benefit membership, supplemental benefit dollars, and member utilization of the benefits.
Services revenue consists of:
•Technology-based Medicare plan administration services including eligibility and enrollment processing, member services, premium billing and payment processing, reconciliation and other related services. Our solutions are primarily priced on recurring per member per month fees, annual software license fees, and transaction-based fees.
•Value based payment assurance solutions, including payment tools and data analytics, that improve revenue accuracy and gaps in quality, clinical care, and compliance. Our value-based solutions are primarily priced on an annual subscription fee, shared savings or fee-based engagement. Advisory (consulting) services that support health plan operations and drive business model evolution. Our Advisory services are priced on a fixed-fee or time and materials basis.
Operating Expenses
Costs of products consist of the value of supplemental benefit products, shipping and handling costs to acquire and to deliver the product to our clients; personnel costs including salaries, wages, overtime, benefits; facility costs and overhead allocation covering information technology, telecommunications costs, and other costs specifically identified to the shipment of our products.
Costs of services consist of all costs directly attributable to service revenue generation activities as outlined in contracts with our clients. Our largest components in costs of services are personnel costs, including salaries, wages, overtime, benefits, and discretionary bonus; facility costs and overhead allocation covering information technology, telecommunications costs, and other costs needed in the delivery of our services.
Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) include corporate management and governance functions comprised of general management, legal, accounting, financial reporting, human resource, sales, marketing, and other costs not
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directly associated with revenue generation activities, including those involved with developing new service offerings. SG&A includes salaries, bonuses, and related benefits. SG&A also includes all general operating expenses, including, but not limited to, rent and occupancy costs for non-revenue generating activities, telecommunications costs, information technology infrastructure, and operations costs, including software licensing costs, advertising and marketing expenses, insurance expenses, professional services and consulting expenses.
Depreciation and amortization includes depreciation expense of property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, computer equipment, furniture and fixtures and software and amortization expense of capitalized internal-use software and software development costs, customer relationships, acquired software and certain trade names.
Transaction related costs primarily consist of professional services incurred in connection with public company readiness costs, expenses for corporate development such as mergers and acquisitions activity and due diligence costs.
Change in fair value of contingent consideration is composed of two components: earn-out liability and holdback liability. The earn-out liability resulted from the HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence acquisition that closed on November 16, 2018. The holdback liability resulted from the merger with TPG that closed on September 4, 2019. The earn-out liability and holdback liability were re-measured to fair value at each reporting date until the contingency was resolved. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we made a final payment of $13.1 million related to the holdback liability and a $7.5 million final payment related to the earn-out liability due to HealthScape Advisors.
Other Income (Expense)
Other Income (expense) is primarily composed of:
•Interest income. Interest income consists of interest on cash and cash equivalents.
•Interest expense. Interest expense consists of accrued interest and related payments on our outstanding term loans and revolving loans, as well as the amortization of debt issuance costs associated with our debt. Interest expense also includes interest on our sales tax accrual.
•Loss on extinguishment of debt. Loss on extinguishment of debt includes unamortized financing costs and a prepayment premium in connection with the prepayment of outstanding indebtedness.
Factors Affecting the Comparability of Our Results of Operations
Set forth below is a brief discussion of the key factors impacting the comparability of our results of operations.
The Merger
Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (“Convey”) (formerly known as Cannes Holding Parent, Inc. and Convey Holding Parent, Inc.) was formed on June 13, 2019 (“Inception”) for the purpose of acquiring Convey Health Solutions, Inc. (“CHS”). On September 4, 2019, Cannes Parent, Inc. (“Cannes”), a direct subsidiary of Convey, entered into an agreement to acquire all of the outstanding stock of CHS through the merger of Cannes Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”) and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (“Parent”) (the “Merger”) with Parent surviving as a direct subsidiary of Cannes. The Merger principally occurred through an investment from TPG Cannes Aggregation, L.P., which is primarily funded by partners of TPG Partners VIII, L.P. and TPG Healthcare Partners, L.P. or any parallel fund or their alternative investment vehicles (collectively, “TPG”).
The Merger was accounted for in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), and Cannes was determined to be the accounting acquirer.
The period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 reflects the historical financial information for Parent and its subsidiaries prior to the closing of the Merger (“Predecessor”). The period from Inception to December 31, 2019 and the years ended December 31, 2020, and 2021, reflects the historical financial information for Convey and its subsidiaries (“Successor”). The Predecessor and Successor consolidated financial information presented herein is not comparable due to the impacts of the Merger including the application of acquisition accounting in the Successor financial statements as of September 4, 2019. Where applicable, a black line separates the Successor and Predecessor periods to highlight the lack of comparability.
Public Company Costs
We incur additional costs associated with operating as a public company that we did not incur as a private company (which we were prior to June 16, 2021), including additional personnel, legal, consulting, regulatory, insurance, accounting, investor
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relations, and other expenses. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, as well as rules adopted by the SEC and national securities exchanges, requires public companies to implement specified corporate governance practices that are inapplicable to a private company. These additional rules and regulations, as well as others associated with being a public company, have increased our legal, regulatory, financial and insurance compliance costs and made some activities more time consuming and costly.
Results of Operations
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2021, and 2020
The following table sets forth our results of operations for the periods indicated:
| Years Ended December 31, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services | $ | 177,575 | $ | 147,191 | $ | 30,384 | 21 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Products | 160,021 | 135,723 | 24,298 | 18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues | 337,596 | 282,914 | 54,682 | 19 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of services | 92,241 | 84,144 | 8,097 | 10 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of products | 103,080 | 87,153 | 15,927 | 18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 94,093 | 79,955 | 14,138 | 18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 30,480 | 28,032 | 2,448 | 9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction related costs | 5,894 | 3,949 | 1,945 | 49 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | 96 | (10,770) | 10,866 | (101) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 325,884 | 272,463 | 53,421 | 20 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 11,712 | 10,451 | 1,261 | 12 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 18 | 7 | 11 | 157 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | (5,015) | — | (5,015) | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (17,312) | (18,860) | 1,548 | (8) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other expense, net | (22,309) | (18,853) | (3,456) | 18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | (10,597) | (8,402) | (2,195) | 26 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | 619 | 1,904 | (1,285) | (67) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | (9,978) | (6,498) | (3,480) | 54 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | 36 | (36) | (100) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (9,978) | $ | (6,462) | $ | (3,516) | 54 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Net Revenues
Services Revenue
Services revenue was $177.6 million and $147.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. The $30.4 million increase is driven by $19.0 million attributable to our Technology Enabled Solutions segment largely due to increased support to our existing clients; and $11.4 million attributable to our Advisory Services segment due to strong sales, higher consultant utilization, and stronger demand.
Products Revenue
Products revenue was $160.0 million and $135.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. The increase of $24.3 million in products revenue was primarily attributable to an increase in the total benefit amount provided by our health plan clients and an increase in total members.
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Operating Expenses
Cost of Services
Cost of services was $92.2 million and $84.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. The increase of $8.1 million is primarily attributable to higher staffing levels to handle increased support to our existing clients and state-mandated increases in the minimum wage.
Cost of Products
Cost of products was $103.1 million and $87.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. The increase of $15.9 million was attributable to the additional costs incurred to service the growth in new members, higher labor costs due to certain state-mandated increases in the minimum wage and higher product costs as a result of increased pricing from suppliers driven by supply chain disruptions.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative was $94.1 million and $80.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. The increase of $14.1 million was primarily due to a $7.9 million one-time payment on a 3-year director and officer prior act liability insurance policy in connection with the IPO. We deemed this policy to be a retroactive insurance policy and in accordance with ASC 720-20-25, “Retrospective Contracts”, we expensed the premium of $7.9 million in June 2021. In addition, the increase was due to: (i) higher management fees for TPG as a result of the one-time termination fee of the management service agreement and the fee to arrange the 2021 incremental loan and the July 2021 amendment to the Credit Agreement, and (ii) higher personnel costs due to additional resources to support being a public company.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization was $30.5 million and $28.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. The increase of $2.4 million in depreciation and amortization expense is due to the addition of property and equipment and capitalization of software development costs.
Transaction Related Costs
Transaction related costs were $5.9 million and $3.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. The increase of $1.9 million in transaction related costs is due to costs associated with the public company readiness and professional fees incurred for due diligence in connection with an acquisition completed in February 2022. See Note 19. Subsequent Events, to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K for additional information.
Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liability was an increase of $0.1 million and a reduction of $10.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. A decrease of $10.9 million, was due to the re-measurement in 2020 of the earn-out liability related to the HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence acquisitions and the holdback liabilities related to the TPG acquisition.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Income
Interest income consists primarily of bank interest and was de minimis for the periods presented.
Loss on extinguishment of debt
The loss on extinguishment of debt of $5.0 million was recognized for the prepayment of outstanding indebtedness. The Company used approximately $131.5 million of the net proceeds from the IPO to repay outstanding indebtedness under its credit agreement. The loss included unamortized financing costs of $3.4 million and prepayment premium of $1.6 million.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $17.3 million and $18.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. The decrease of $1.5 million was primarily due to: (i) lower interest expense incurred as a result of a reduction of
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the sales tax liability, (ii) the prepayment of outstanding indebtedness and (iii) the impact of lower interest rates due to the July 2021 amendment to the Credit Agreement. The Company used approximately $131.5 million of the net proceeds from the IPO to repay outstanding indebtedness under its credit agreement.
Segment Information
Our reportable segments have been determined in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 280, Segment Reporting. We have two reportable segments: Technology Enabled Solutions and Advisory Services. We evaluate the performance of each of our two operating segments based on segment revenue and Segment Adjusted EBITDA.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA represents each segment’s earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization and is further adjusted to exclude certain items of a significant or unusual nature, including but not limited to, COVID-19 cost impacts, sales and use tax, non-cash stock compensation, transaction related costs, acquisition bonus expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, director and officer prior act liability insurance policy, and other costs. Other includes costs such as contract termination fees, management and board of directors fees, and costs associated with obtaining the incremental term loans.
See Note 18. Segment Information, to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K the notes accompanying our consolidated financial statements.
The segment measurements provided to and evaluated by the chief operating decision maker group are described in the notes to our financial statements. These results should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, results reported in accordance with GAAP.
| For the Years Ended December 31, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2021 | 2020 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology Enabled Solutions | $ | 284,619 | $ | 241,336 | $ | 43,283 | 18 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Advisory Services | 52,977 | 41,578 | 11,399 | 27 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 337,596 | $ | 282,914 | $ | 54,682 | 19 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Segment Adjusted EBITDA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology Enabled Solutions | $ | 69,214 | $ | 66,043 | $ | 3,171 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Advisory Services | 16,232 | 8,204 | 8,028 | 98 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 85,446 | $ | 74,247 | $ | 11,199 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues
Technology Enabled Solutions revenue was $284.6 million and $241.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The increase of $43.3 million was mainly driven by: (i) $19.0 million of health plan management, software services and data analytics revenues primarily due to membership growth, and (ii) $24.3 million of product revenue as a result of an increase in the total benefit amount utilized by health plan members and increase in members.
Advisory revenue was $53.0 million and $41.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The increase of $11.4 million was driven by higher demand for our consulting services and higher consultant utilization compared to the prior year which was more negatively impacted by COVID-19.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
Technology Enabled Solutions Segment Adjusted EBITDA was $69.2 million and $66.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The increase of $3.2 million was primarily due to the flow through of increased revenue offset in part by higher personnel costs to ensure service levels, certain state-mandated increases in the minimum wage and higher product costs as a result of increased pricing from suppliers.
Advisory Services Segment Adjusted EBITDA was $16.2 million and $8.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The increase of $8.0 million was attributable to flow through of consulting services demand and higher utilization of our consultants.
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Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared with the Year Ended December 31, 2019
Supplemental Pro Forma Financial Information for the Year Ended December 31, 2019
To facilitate comparability, the following table below sets forth our unaudited pro forma condensed, combined, and consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. The pro forma financial information gives pro forma effect to the Merger in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X, as amended, as if it had occurred on January 1, 2019 (“Pro Forma Basis”). The pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes (i) the additional depreciation and amortization resulting from the adjustments to the value of property and equipment and intangible assets resulting from purchase accounting, (ii) the additional amortization of the estimated adjustment to decrease the assumed deferred revenue obligations to fair value that would have been charged assuming the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2019, together with the consequential tax effects. The pro forma results also include interest expense associated with debt used to fund the acquisitions and adjustments to exclude interest expense from debt extinguished in the Merger. The pro forma results do not include any anticipated synergies or other expected benefits of the acquisitions. The pro forma information does not purport to be indicative of what our results of operations would have been if the Merger had in fact occurred at the beginning of the period presented and is not intended to be a projection of our future results of operations. Transaction expenses are included within the pro forma results.
The following table sets forth our results of operations for the periods indicated:
| For the Years Ended December 31, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2020 | 2019 Pro Forma Basis (unaudited) | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services | $ | 147,191 | $ | 143,378 | $ | 3,813 | 3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Products | 135,723 | 77,555 | 58,168 | 75 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues | 282,914 | 220,933 | 61,981 | 28 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | 84,144 | 77,040 | 7,104 | 9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of products | 87,153 | 47,051 | 40,102 | 85 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 79,955 | 62,274 | 17,681 | 28 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 28,032 | 27,307 | 725 | 3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction related costs | 3,949 | 17,295 | (13,346) | (77 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | (10,770) | 19,671 | (30,441) | (155 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 272,463 | 250,638 | 21,825 | 9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | 10,451 | (29,705) | 40,156 | (135 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 7 | — | 7 | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (18,860) | (17,599) | (1,261) | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other expense, net | (18,853) | (17,599) | (1,254) | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | (8,402) | (47,304) | 38,902 | (82 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | 1,904 | 27,113 | (25,209) | (93 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | (6,498) | (20,191) | 13,693 | (68 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | 36 | (624) | 660 | (106 | %) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (6,462) | $ | (20,815) | $ | 14,353 | (69 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
We generated $282.9 million, $80.4 million, and $140.7 million in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Successor period and the Predecessor period, respectively. Revenues were $282.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $220.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. The increase of $61.9 million from the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis to the year ended December 31, 2020 reflects growth of 28.1%. We had net (loss) income of $(6.5) million, $(16.8) million and $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Successor period and the Predecessor period, respectively. The net loss was $(6.5) million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $(20.8) million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. The decrease of
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$14.3 million from the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis to the year ended December 31, 2020 reflects a 69.0% year-over-year improvement.
Net Revenues
Services Revenue
Services revenue was $147.2 million, $51.2 million, and $92.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Services revenue was $147.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $143.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. The increase in services revenue was primarily attributable to an increase in our Technology Enabled Solutions segment. Increases in services revenue attributable to our Technology Enabled Solutions segment were largely offset by the effects of COVID-19 on our business, resulting in elongated sales cycles, temporary decrease in demand, and slower implementation of solutions, as well as a reduction in billable hours in our Advisory segment.
Products Revenues
Products revenue was $135.7 million, $29.3 million, and $48.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Products revenue was $135.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $77.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. The increase in products revenue was primarily attributable to an increase in the total benefit amount provided by our health plan clients plus an increased utilization by members.
See further analysis in “Segment Information” below.
Operating Expenses
Cost of Services
Cost of services was $84.1 million, $28.8 million, and $48.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Cost of services was $84.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $77.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. The increase was primarily attributable to labor costs, which increased due to certain state-mandated increases in the minimum wage. In addition, labor costs were impacted by COVID-19, through premium pay, additional sick pay, and early hire of employees due to social distancing and work at home orders, additional training, over-time, and the use of additional temporary resources.
Cost of Products
Cost of products was $87.2 million, $17.8 million, and $29.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Cost of products was $87.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $47.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. The increase was attributable to the additional costs incurred to service the growth in new members, including costs incurred in providing current product availability information to members, additional labor costs to develop and implement technology enhancements, as well as higher staffing levels to handle increased interactions with members. In addition, the negative impact of COVID-19 resulted in higher pricing from vendors due to supply chain disruptions, product shortages, and increases in shipping costs. Further, labor costs increased due to certain state-mandated increases in the minimum wage. In addition, labor costs were impacted by COVID-19, through premium pay, additional sick pay, and early hire of employees due to social distancing and work at home orders, additional training, over-time, and the use of additional temporary resources.
Selling, General, and Administrative
Selling, general, and administrative was $80.0 million, $21.8 million, and $40.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Selling, general, and administrative was $80.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $62.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. The increase was primarily due to additional resources to support growth, including investments in IT and additional costs to support our IPO.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization was $28.0 million, $9.2 million, and $13.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Depreciation and amortization was $28.0 million for the
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year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $27.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. On a Pro Forma Basis, the increase in depreciation and amortization expense is due to the addition of property and equipment and capitalization of software development costs.
Transaction Related Costs
Transaction related costs were $3.9 million, $14.8 million, and $2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Transaction related costs were $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $17.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. Transaction related costs for the year ended December 31, 2020, of which $2.4 million are due to costs associated with the preparation of our IPO, and $1.5 million for corporate development such as mergers and acquisitions activity that did not proceed. Transaction related costs for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis were primarily due to costs incurred of $16.1 million, which includes buyer and seller costs, related to the TPG acquisition, and $1.2 million of expenses for corporate development such as mergers and acquisitions activity that did not proceed.
Change in Fair Value of Contingent Consideration
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liability was a reduction of $10.8 million and an increase of $19.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the Predecessor period, respectively. There was no change in fair value of contingent consideration for the Successor period. A decrease of $30.4 million or 154.8% was due to the re-measurement at year end of the earn-out liability related to the HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence acquisitions and the holdback liabilities related to the TPG acquisition. The movement for the contingent consideration liability for the year ended December 31, 2020 was driven by the Pareto Intelligence earn-out payment targets ultimately not being met, partly due to the impact of COVID-19. This resulted in a $21.1 million reduction in earn-out liabilities and an increase of $10.3 million to the holdback liabilities owed to Convey Health’s previous shareholders. The movement of the contingent consideration liability for the Predecessor period arose due to management reassessing the estimate of the earn-out liability.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Income
Interest income consists primarily of bank interest and was de Minimis for the periods presented.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $18.9 million, $5.8 million, and $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Interest expense was $18.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $17.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 on a Pro Forma Basis. The increase was due to net incremental borrowings under our credit facility.
Interest expense for the Term Facility was $16.7 million, $5.4 million and $5.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Amortization of debt issuance costs for the Term Facility, included in interest expense, was $0.9 million, $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. The increase was due to net incremental borrowings under our credit facility.
Interest expense for the revolving credit facility was $0.2 million, $0.1 million and $0.05 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Amortization of debt issuance costs for the revolving credit facility, included in interest expense, was $0.2 million, $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively.
All other interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period is in relation to items such as capital leases and the sales tax liability.
Segment Information
Our reportable segments have been determined in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 280, Segment Reporting. We have two reportable segments: Technology Enabled Solutions and Advisory Services. We evaluate the performance of each of our two operating segments based on segment revenue and Segment Adjusted EBITDA.
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Segment Adjusted EBITDA represents each segment’s earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization and is further adjusted for certain items of income and expense, including but not limited to, the change in fair value of contingent consideration, COVID-19 related costs, non-cash stock compensation expense, transaction costs associated with the Merger, acquisition bonus expenses incurred in connection with the acquisitions of HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence, legal fees related to increase loan facility, certain contract termination costs, certain severance costs, certain management fees, sales and use tax paid on behalf of clients, other sales adjustments, and ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) implementation costs.
See Note 18. Segment Information, to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K.
Compared to Adjusted EBITDA, Segment Adjusted EBITDA includes addbacks for sales and use tax, lower consultant utilization due to COVID-19, executive recruitment and severance costs, certain revenue adjustments, contract termination costs, severance, and professional fees incurred in the implementation of ASC 606.
The segment measurements provided to and evaluated by the chief operating decision maker group are described in the notes to the audited consolidated financial statements. These results should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, results reported in accordance with GAAP.
For the year ended December 31, 2020 | Successor 2019 Period | Predecessor 2019 Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology Enabled Solutions | $ | 241,336 | $ | 66,530 | $ | 109,932 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Advisory Services | 41,578 | 13,885 | 30,806 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 282,914 | $ | 80,415 | $ | 140,738 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment Adjusted EBITDA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology Enabled Solutions | $ | 66,043 | $ | 14,881 | $ | 29,205 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Advisory Services | 8,204 | 1,445 | 6,073 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 74,247 | $ | 16,326 | $ | 35,278 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Segment Revenues
Technology Enabled Solutions revenue was $241.3 million, $66.5 million, and $109.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. The increase was primarily due to approximately $65.0 million of upsell and cross sell revenue, offset by $2.8 million of client attrition and the adverse impact of COVID-19.
Advisory revenue was $41.6 million, $13.9 million, and $30.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. The $3.1 million decrease was driven by reduced demand for our consulting services as a result of COVID-19.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
The Technology Enabled Solutions portion of Segment Adjusted EBITDA was $66.0 million, $14.9 million, and $29.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. The $21.9 million increase in Segment Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to the flow through of increased revenue.
The primary reconciling items for the Technology Enabled Solutions portion of Segment Adjusted EBITDA, outside of depreciation and amortization, interest expense and tax, are changes in the fair value of contingent consideration, sales tax, transaction bonuses and COVID-19 addbacks. The change in the fair value of contingent consideration result in a reduction to Segment Adjusted EBITDA of $10.7 million in December 31, 2020, no adjustment for the Successor Period and an add back of $10.3 million, for the Predecessor period, respectively. The changes were driven by the movement of the contingent consideration and the holdback liability estimates in relation to the acquisition of Pareto Intelligence. The increase to Segment Adjusted EBITDA for sales and use tax was $8.2 million, $1.9 million and $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, Successor period and Predecessor period, respectively. The primary driver for the increase in sales and use tax is due to increased sales and client sales mix. The add back for transaction bonuses was $0.5 million, $0.5 million and $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, Successor and Predecessor respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2020 a COVID-19 add back of $10.2 million was included in Segment Adjusted EBITDA. No such adjustment is made for the
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Successor or Predecessor period, respectively. The COVID-19 cost adjustment includes the early hire of employees due to social distancing and work at home protocols; higher pricing from vendors due to supply chain disruptions, product shortages and increases in shipping costs; higher employee costs due to hazard pay for our employees, enhanced sick pay due to illness and quarantine protocols; IT costs due to the change in the work environment; and janitorial costs due to enhanced COVID-19 protocols.
The Advisory portion of Segment Adjusted EBITDA was $8.2 million, $1.4 million, and $6.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Segment Adjusted EBITDA was essentially the same year over year due to reductions in operating expenses in conjunction with the reductions in revenue due to COVID-19.
The primary reconciling items for the Advisory Services portion of Segment Adjusted EBITDA, outside of depreciation and amortization, interest expense and tax, are changes in the fair value of contingent consideration, transaction bonuses and lower consultant utilization due to COVID-19. The change in the fair value of contingent consideration result in a reduction to EBITDA of $0.1 million in December 31, 2020, no adjustment for the Successor Period and an add back of $9.4 million, for the Predecessor period, respectively. The changes were driven by the movement of the contingent consideration and the holdback liability estimates in relation to the acquisition of HealthScape Advisors. The add back for transaction bonuses was $1.4 million, $1.1 million and $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, Successor and Predecessor respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2020 a cost adjustment as a result of lower consultant utilization due to COVID-19 of $2.0 million was included in Segment Adjusted EBITDA. No such adjustment is made for the Successor or Predecessor period, respectively. The utilization adjustment reflects decreased productivity for the Advisory segment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The average utilization for consultants from January through June 2019 and from March through December 2019 was higher than the average utilization during the corresponding periods in 2020. The difference in utilization was attributable to the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Quarterly Results of Operations
The following table sets forth unaudited statement of operations data for each of the quarters presented. The quarterly statement of operations data was prepared on the same basis as our annual consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, this financial information includes all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of such financial information. The historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of financial results to be achieved in future periods. This information should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes.
| For the Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | December 31, 2021 | September 30, 2021 | June 30, 2021 | March 30, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | September 30, 2020 | June 30, 2020 | March 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services | $ | 47,573 | $ | 44,191 | $ | 42,284 | $ | 43,527 | $ | 42,377 | $ | 37,207 | $ | 33,123 | $ | 34,484 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Products | 49,733 | 38,220 | 32,964 | 39,104 | 44,704 | 32,321 | 28,439 | 30,259 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues | 97,306 | 82,411 | 75,248 | 82,631 | 87,081 | 69,528 | 61,562 | 64,743 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Costs of services(1) | 26,442 | 20,993 | 20,785 | 24,021 | 24,425 | 20,077 | 20,067 | 19,575 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of products(1) | 30,033 | 24,221 | 22,299 | 26,527 | 26,510 | 21,226 | 18,429 | 20,988 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 23,109 | 21,296 | 29,589 | 20,099 | 21,068 | 18,784 | 18,983 | 21,120 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 7,812 | 7,473 | 7,823 | 7,372 | 7,323 | 6,918 | 6,949 | 6,842 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction related costs | 2,924 | 328 | 1,556 | 1,086 | 3,672 | 80 | 52 | 145 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | — | — | 96 | — | (10,770) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 90,320 | 74,311 | 82,148 | 79,105 | 72,228 | 67,085 | 64,480 | 68,670 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | 6,986 | 8,100 | (6,900) | 3,526 | 14,853 | 2,443 | (2,918) | (3,927) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 18 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | — | — | (5,015) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (2,168) | (3,283) | (6,394) | (5,467) | (5,381) | (4,561) | (4,648) | (4,270) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other (expense) income | (2,150) | (3,283) | (11,409) | (5,467) | (5,381) | (4,561) | (4,646) | (4,264) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | 4,836 | 4,817 | (18,309) | (1,941) | 9,472 | (2,118) | (7,564) | (8,191) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (4,423) | (1,131) | 5,166 | 1,007 | (1,368) | 472 | 1,537 | 1,263 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from continuing operations | 413 | 3,686 | (13,143) | (934) | 8,104 | (1,646) | (6,027) | (6,928) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | (7) | 7 | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 413 | $ | 3,686 | $ | (13,143) | $ | (934) | $ | 8,104 | $ | (1,652) | $ | (6,020) | $ | (6,892) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
________________________
(1)Excludes amortization of intangible assets and depreciation, which are separately stated below.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
Our primary sources of liquidity are our existing cash and cash equivalents, cash provided by operating activities and borrowings available under our Credit Agreement. As of December 31, 2021, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $38.8 million, and as of December 31, 2021, our total indebtedness was $192.6 million.
We are a holding company that transacts substantially all of our business through our operating subsidiaries. Consequently, our ability to pay dividends to stockholders, meet debt payment obligations, and pay taxes and operating expenses is largely dependent on dividends or other distributions from our subsidiaries, whose ability to pay such distributions to us is restricted, subject to certain exceptions, pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement. Covenants contained in the Credit Agreement may restrict our operating subsidiaries from issuing dividends and other distributions to us. See Note 9. Credit Facility to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K for additional information regarding our credit facilities.
Our principal liquidity needs have been, and we expect them to continue to be, working capital and general corporate needs, debt service, capital expenditures and potential acquisitions. Our capital expenditures for property and equipment to support growth in the business were $6.4 million and $5.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $1.4 million and $9.8 million for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively. Additional expenditures for software development were $5.9 million and $4.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively, and $2.1 million and $2.5 million for the Successor period and for the Predecessor period, respectively.
We believe that our primary sources of liquidity, including our cash and cash equivalents, cash provided by operating activities and borrowing capacity under our Credit Agreement, will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for at least the next 12 months. We anticipate that to the extent that we require additional liquidity, it will be funded through the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the issuance of additional equity, or a combination thereof. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain this additional liquidity on reasonable terms, or at all. Additionally, our liquidity and our ability to meet our obligations and fund our capital requirements are also dependent on our future financial performance, which is subject to general economic, financial, and other factors that are beyond our control. See “Risk Factors.”
Year Ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020
Cash Flows Information
The following table presents a summary of cash flows for the periods presented:
| (in thousands) | For the year ended December 31, 2021 | For the year ended December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | $ | (2,315) | $ | 31,563 | ||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (12,329) | $ | (13,272) | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | $ | 4,413 | $ | 9,429 | ||||||||||
Operating Activities
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $(2.3) million compared to $31.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Net loss was $10.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $6.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The net loss for the year ended December 31, 2021 included $7.9 million for director and officer prior acts insurance premium, $5.0 million of expense related to the June 2021 extinguishment of debt and $2.3 million related to the one-time termination of a management service agreement with TPG. Non-cash items were $40.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $23.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The effect of changes in operating assets and liabilities was a cash decrease of $33.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to a cash increase of $14.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The most significant drivers contributing to this net decrease of $47.6 million relate to the following:
•Final contingent consideration payments of $10.3 million related to the holdback liability associated with the TPG merger (see Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K, for details); and
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•A net decrease related to accounts payable and accrued expenses of $37.3 million primarily due to a reduction in our days payable outstanding and payments related to public readiness costs and Enterprise Resource Planning implementation costs.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021, was $12.3 million compared to $13.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net cash used in investing activities for both 2021 and 2020, was primarily attributable to expenditures for property and equipment and software development.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021, was $4.4 million compared to $9.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributable to net IPO proceeds of $146.1 million, net proceeds from issuance of debt of $75.9 million, and proceeds from the exercise of vested stock options of $1.4 million, offset in part by $74.5 million special dividend paid in February 2021, $133.9 million repayment of term loans and associated prepayment premiums, and $10.3 million contingent consideration payments related to the holdback liability associated with the TPG and the earn-out liability associated with HealthScape Advisors. During the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributable to net proceeds from issuance of debt of $23.9 million offset in part by $2.4 million repayment of term loan, and $11.9 million contingent consideration payments related to the earn-out liability associated with HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence.
Year Ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019
Cash Flows Information
The following table presents a summary of cash flows for the periods presented:
For the year ended December 31, 2020 | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 31,563 | $ | (14,391) | $ | 25,247 | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (13,272) | $ | (629,850) | $ | (12,287) | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $ | 9,429 | $ | 665,566 | $ | (1,329) | |||||||||||||||||
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $31.6 million compared to ($14.4) million for the Successor period and $25.2 million for the Predecessor period.
Net loss was $(6.5) million for the year ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $(16.8) million for the Successor period and net income of $3.6 million for the Predecessor period. The decrease in net loss was primarily due to a decrease in transaction related costs and growth in our service and product revenues, partially offset by an increase in operating expenses to support the growth in the business. Non-cash items were $23.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to $8.7 million for the Successor period and $10.1 million for the Predecessor period. The increase in non-cash items was primarily driven by a $6.4 million increase in share-based compensation, a $4.7 million increase in amortization associated with an increase in intangible assets due to the TPG acquisition, and a $22.2 million decrease in deferred income tax benefit, which was partially offset by a $30.4 million decrease for the change in fair value of contingent consideration.
The effect of changes in operating assets and liabilities was a cash increase of $14.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, as compared to a cash decrease of $6.3 million for the Successor period and increase of $11.5 million for the Predecessor period. The most significant drivers contributing to this net increase of $9.1 million relates to the following:
•A decrease related to accounts receivable of $11.4 million primarily driven by the improved timing of collections, partially offset by an increase in revenue;
•An increase related to inventory of $8.3 million; and
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•A net increase related to accounts payable and accrued expenses of $11.1 million primarily due to timing of payments. The increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses was $29.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, as compared to $6.0 million for the Successor period and $12.6 million for the Predecessor period.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $13.3 million compared to $629.9 million for the Successor period and $12.3 million for the Predecessor period. The use of the $629.9 million from the Successor period was primarily due to the cash used to fund the TPG acquisition.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $9.4 million compared to $665.6 million for the Successor period and ($1.3) million for the Predecessor period. The use of $665.6 million for the Successor period was primarily driven by proceeds received from the issuance of $225.0 million of debt and $447.4 million in proceeds received associated with our acquisition capitalization. The inflow of $9.4 million for 2020 was primarily driven by $25.0 million of proceeds received from the issuance of debt offset by a contingent consideration payment of $11.9 million.
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Contractual Obligations and Commitments
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2021. The principal commitments consisted of obligations under outstanding operating leases for office facilities, capital leases related to copy machines, our long-term debt, and purchase commitments. The amount of the obligations presented in the following table summarizes as of December 31, 2021, the commitments to settle contractual obligations in cash for the periods presented.
| Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Total | Less than 1 year | 1-3 Years | 4-5 Years | More than 5 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease obligations | $ | 37,914 | $ | 8,762 | $ | 15,129 | $ | 7,803 | $ | 6,220 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital lease obligations | 1,084 | 529 | 473 | 82 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt obligations(1) | 192,631 | — | — | 192,631 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase commitments | 5,208 | 5,208 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total contractual obligations | $ | 236,837 | $ | 14,499 | $ | 15,602 | $ | 200,516 | $ | 6,220 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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(1)Includes the term loan under our Credit Agreement.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During the periods presented we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make judgments, estimates, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income, and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. We base these estimates on our historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results experienced may vary materially and adversely from our estimates. Revisions to estimates are recognized prospectively. We believe the following critical accounting policies could potentially produce materially different results if we were to change underlying assumptions, estimates, or judgments. See Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K for a summary of our significant accounting policies.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue under ASC 606. We recognize revenue when our customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts that are within the scope of the standard, we perform the following five steps:
1) Identify the contract(s) with a customer
A contract with a customer exists when (i) we enter into an enforceable contract with the customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these goods or services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance, and (iii) we determine that collection of substantially all consideration for goods or services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intention to pay. Our customary business practice is to enter into legally enforceable written contracts with our customers. The majority of our contracts are governed by a master agreement between us and the customer, which sets forth the general terms and conditions of any individual contract between the parties, which is then supplemented by any of the following: software as a service agreement, statement of work, project task orders, or purchase orders. The supplement specifies the different goods and services, the associated prices, and any additional terms for an individual contract. Multiple contracts with a single counterparty entered into at the same time are evaluated to determine if the contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract. Typical payment terms are net 30 days.
2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract
Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the goods or services either on its own
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or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from us, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the goods or services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised goods or services, we must apply judgment to determine whether promised goods or services are capable of being distinct and are distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met the promised goods or services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation.
No customer can take possession of our software in the ordinary course of business, nor is it feasible for a customer to contract with a third party to host the software or for a customer to host the software. Therefore, our license arrangements are accounted for as service obligations, rather than the transfer of intellectual property.
The Company is generally acting as a principal in each arrangement and, thus, recognizes revenue on a gross basis.
3) Determine the transaction price
The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which we will be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. We assess the timing of transfer of goods and services to the customer as compared to the timing of payments to determine whether a significant financing component exists. As a practical expedient, we do not assess the existence of a significant financing component when the difference between payment and transfer of deliverables is a year or less, which is the case in most of our customer contracts. The primary purpose of our invoicing terms is not to receive or provide financing from or to customers. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, we estimate the amount of variable consideration when it is required.
Typically, outside of our supplemental benefit products, we do not provide our customers with any right of return. We do not constrain the contract price as it is probable that there will not be a significant revenue reversal due to a return.
4) Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. However, if a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same qualifies as a single performance obligation in a contract with variable consideration, we must determine if the variable consideration is attributable to the entire contract or to a specific part of the contract. We allocate the variable amount to one or more distinct performance obligations or to one or more distinct services that forms a part of a single performance obligation, when the payment terms of the variable amount relate solely to our efforts to satisfy that distinct performance obligation and it results in an allocation that is consistent with the overall allocation objective of ASC 606. Where variable revenue exists in connection with providing a series of substantially similar services to our customers, we do not estimate variable revenue at the inception of a contract but recognize revenue as services are provided which typically aligns with billing. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) unless the transaction price is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to a performance obligation or to a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation. We determine SSP based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the SSP is not observable through past transactions, we estimate the SSP using an expected cost-plus-a-margin approach.
5) Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation
We satisfy performance obligations either over time or at a point in time depending on the nature of the underlying promise. Revenue is recognized at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring a promised good or service to a customer.
Accounting Policy Elections and Practical Expedients
We have elected to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes (e.g., sales, use, value-added) assessed by government authorities and collected from a customer. Therefore, revenue is recognized net of such taxes.
We contract with customers to deliver and ship tangible products within the normal course of business, such as supplemental benefit products. The control of the products transfers to the customer, in most cases, free on board (FOB) shipping point. We have elected to use the practical expedient allowed under ASC 606 to account for shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer has obtained control of a promised good as fulfillment costs rather than as an additional promised service and, therefore, we do not allocate a portion of the transaction price to a shipping service obligation. We record as revenue any amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling costs and record as cost of revenue the actual shipping costs incurred.
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In accordance with ASC 606, if an entity has a right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the entity’s performance completed to date, the entity may recognize revenue in the amount to which the entity has a right to invoice (“right-to-invoice” practical expedient). We have elected to utilize this expedient on supplemental benefit products shipped and advisory services that are not based on a fixed fee.
Our standard contract terms allow for the reimbursement by a customer for certain travel expenses necessary to provide on-site services to the customer. Such reimbursed travel expenses are reported on a gross basis. Since such reimbursed travel expenses do not represent a distinct good or service nor incremental value provided to a customer, a performance obligation is deemed not to exist. Where the “right-to invoice” practical expedient is being applied to variable consideration any client pass-thru charges related to the consulting services performance obligations are also treated under the “right-to-invoice” practical expedient.
Share-based Compensation Policy
Compensation expense related to stock option awards granted to certain employees and non-employee directors is based on the fair value of the awards on the grant date. If the service inception date precedes the grant date, accrual of compensation cost for periods before the grant date is based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date. In the period in which the grant date occurs, cumulative compensation cost is adjusted to reflect the cumulative effect of measuring compensation cost based on fair value at the grant date rather than the fair value previously used at the service inception date or any subsequent reporting date. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. We elected to recognize compensation cost related to time-vested options with graded vesting features on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Compensation cost related to performance-vesting option, where a performance condition or a market condition that affects vesting exists, is recognized over the shortest of the explicit, implicit, or defined service periods. Compensation cost is adjusted depending on whether or not the performance condition is achieved. If the performance condition is probable or becomes probable of being achieved, the full fair value of the award (i.e., without regard for the market condition) is recognized. If the performance condition is not probable of being achieved, then compensation cost for the value of the award incorporating the market condition is recognized.
We estimate the fair value of the stock option awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes Merton model and/or the Monte-Carlo simulation model. Prior to the IPO, in order to estimate the equity value of the enterprise to determine the fair value of our common units, we used a combination of the market approach and the income approach. For the market approach, we utilized the Guideline Company Method by selecting certain companies that we considered to be the most comparable to us in terms of size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment, among others. We then used these guideline companies to develop relevant market multiples and ratios. The market multiples and ratios were applied to our financial projections based on assumptions at the time of the valuation in order to estimate our total enterprise value. Since there was not an active market for our common units, a discount for lack of marketability was then applied to the resulting value. For the income approach, we performed discounted cash flow analyses utilizing projected cash flows, which were discounted to the present value in order to arrive at an enterprise value. The key assumptions used in the income approach include management’s financial projections which are based on highly subjective assumptions as of the date of valuation, a discount rate and a long-term growth rate. The fair value of options without a market condition are valued using the Black-Scholes Merton model. The fair value of options with a market condition are valued using the Monte-Carlo simulation model. Option valuation models, including the Black-Scholes Merton model and Monte-Carlo simulation model, require the input of certain assumptions that involve judgment. Changes in the input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimates and, ultimately, how much we recognize as stock-based compensation expense. The fair value of the options granted during the year are estimated on the date of the grant using the historical volatility of the common stock of other companies in the same industry over a period of time commensurate with the expected term of the options awarded. We use the simplified method for estimating the expected term of the options since we have limited historical experience to estimate expected term behavior. We estimate the risk-free interest rate based on U.S. Treasury note rates for the expected term. We do not intend to pay dividends on our common shares, therefore, the dividend yield percentage is zero.
Following our IPO in June 2021, equity awards have been issued to certain employees in the form of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and/or stock options. The grant date fair value of RSUs is based on the closing stock price of our common stock on the date of grant and is recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period. The grant date fair value of stock options is measured using a Black-Scholes Merton model and is recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period.
Long-Term Incentive (“LTI”) awards vest upon satisfaction of a return on investment from a liquidity event as determined by our Board of Directors at its sole discretion, subject to the participant’s continued employment or service. The LTI awards therefore have a market condition with an associated implicit performance condition. Settlement of the award can be made, as determined by the Board of Directors at its sole discretion, (i) in cash, (ii) common stock, or (iii) in other property acceptable to
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the Board of Directors. The LTIs are treated as liability-based awards under ASC Topic 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). As the LTI awards are liability-classified, the award is measured for fair value on the grant date. The fair value of the award is re-measured each reporting period until the award is settled. The Company will recognize compensation expense for the LTIs upon the liquidity event occurring.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the fair value of acquired businesses in excess of the fair value of the individually identified net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually or whenever indications of impairment exist. Impairment exists when the carrying amount, including goodwill, of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, resulting in an impairment charge for this excess (not to exceed the carrying amount of the goodwill). Our annual impairment testing date is October 1. We can elect to qualitatively assess goodwill for impairment if it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value.
For purposes of the goodwill impairment test, we have determined our business operates in four reporting units: Advanced Plan Administration, Supplemental Benefit Administration, Value Based Payment Assurance, and Advisory Services. Advanced Plan Administration, Supplemental Benefit Administration, and Value Based Payment Assurance reporting units form part of the Technology Enabled Solutions reporting segment.
A qualitative assessment considers macroeconomic and other industry-specific factors, such as trends in short-term and long-term interest rates and the ability to access capital, and company specific factors such as trends in revenue generating activities, and merger or acquisition activity. If we elect to bypass qualitatively assessing goodwill, or it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, management estimates the fair values of each of our reporting units mentioned above and compares it to their carrying values. Evaluation of goodwill for impairment requires judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assignment of assets, liabilities and goodwill to reporting units and determination of the fair value of each reporting unit.
We estimate the fair value of our reporting units using a combination of an income approach, utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis, and a market approach, using market multiples. Under the income approach, we estimate projected future cash flows, the timing of such cash flows and long-term growth rates, and determine the appropriate discount rate that reflects the risk inherent in the projected future cash flows. The discount rate used is based on a market participant weighted-average cost of capital and may be adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-specific characteristics and the uncertainty related to the reporting unit’s ability to execute on the projected future cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate fair value based on market multiples of revenues and earnings derived from comparable publicly-traded companies with characteristics similar to the reporting unit. The estimates used to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit change from year to year based on operating results, market conditions and other factors. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value for each reporting unit.
Based on our most recent evaluation of goodwill performed on October 1, 2021, we concluded that the goodwill in each of our reporting units was not impaired.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense includes federal, state, and foreign taxes and is based on reported income before income taxes. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. The deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the periods in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are anticipated to be settled or realized.
We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and establish a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The determination as to whether a deferred tax asset will be realized is made on a jurisdictional basis and is based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence. This evidence includes historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversal of existing temporary differences and the implementation of tax planning strategies.
We recognize the tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized from uncertain tax positions are measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. No tax benefits are recognized for positions that do not meet this threshold. Interest related to uncertain tax positions is recognized as part of the provision for income taxes and is accrued beginning in the period that such
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interest would be applicable under relevant tax law until such time that the related tax benefits are recognized. See Note 13. Taxes to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K for additional information.
Determining the consolidated provision for income tax expense, deferred income tax assets (and related valuation allowance, if any) and liabilities requires significant judgment. We are required to calculate and provide for income taxes in each of the jurisdictions where we operate. Changes in the geographic mix of income before taxes or estimated level of annual pre-tax income can affect our overall effective income tax rate. The consolidated provision for income taxes may change period to period based on changes in facts and circumstances, such as settlements of income tax audits.
Contingent Consideration
We recognized an earn-out liability in connection with the November 2018 acquisition of HealthScape Advisors, LLC (“HealthScape Advisors”) and Pareto Intelligence LLC (“Pareto Intelligence”), which represented contingent consideration.
The initial fair value of the earn-out liability was determined by employing a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The underlying simulated variable was adjusted revenue discounted by the market price of risk embedded in the revenue metrics. The revenue volatility estimate was based on a study of historical asset volatility and implied volatility for a set of comparable public companies, adjusted by our operating leverage. The earn-out payments were calculated based on simulated revenue metrics and payment thresholds as set forth in the HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence purchase agreement. The calculated payments were further discounted back to present value using cost of debt reflecting our credit risk. The fair value of the earn-out liability at each reporting date subsequent to the acquisition was measured using a probability weighted approach. Any change in fair value was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.
In connection with the Merger, we recognized a holdback liability, which represented contingent consideration. See Note 4. Acquisitions to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K for additional information. The initial fair value of the holdback liabilities and at each subsequent reporting date was measured using a probability weighted approach. Any change in fair value was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we made a final payment of $13 million related to the holdback liability and a $7.5 million final payment related to the earn-out liability due to HealthScape Advisors.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K for more information.
Emerging Growth Company Status
Pursuant to the JOBS Act, an emerging growth company is provided the option to adopt new or revised accounting standards that may be issued by FASB or the SEC either (i) within the same periods as those otherwise applicable to non-emerging growth companies or (ii) within the same time periods as private companies. We intend to take advantage of the exemption for complying with new or revised accounting standards within the same time periods as private companies. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different than the information you receive from other public companies.
We also intend to take advantage of some of the reduced regulatory and reporting requirements of emerging growth companies pursuant to the JOBS Act so long as we qualify as an emerging growth company, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation and exemptions from the requirements of holding non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation and golden parachute payments.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
In the normal course of business, we are subject to market risks. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of accounts receivable. We do not require collateral or other security for receivables, but believe the potential for collection issues with any clients was minimal as of December 31, 2021, based on the lack of collection issues in the past and the high financial standards we require of clients. As of December 31, 2021, two clients accounted for 21.0% and 24.2% of total accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2020, the same two clients accounted for 15.0% and 6.8% of total accounts receivable.
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Interest Rate Risk
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had cash of $38.8 million and $45.4 million, respectively, deposited in non-interest bearing accounts at a major bank with limited to no interest rate risk. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes and have not used any derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk exposure.
The current administrator of LIBOR will cease to publish the overnight and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months USD LIBOR settings immediately following the LIBOR publication on June 30, 2023 and has ceased to publish all other LIBOR settings, including the 1 week and 2 months USD LIBOR settings, since December 31, 2021. The discontinuation, reform, or replacement of LIBOR may result in fluctuating interest rates, or higher interest rates, which could have a material adverse effect on our interest expense. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Capital Structure, Indebtedness and Capital Requirements — Changes in the method for determining LIBOR or the elimination of LIBOR could affect our business, results of operations or financial condition” for additional information.
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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (SUCCESSOR) AND CONVEY HEALTH PARENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (PREDECESSOR)
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Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. | |||||
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), of shareholders' equity and of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 and for the period from June 13, 2019 (date of inception) to December 31, 2019, including the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 and for the period from June 13, 2019 (date of inception) to December 31, 2019 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
March 23, 2022
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.
89
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Convey Health Parent, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income, of shareholders' equity and of cash flows of Convey Health Parent, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Predecessor) (the “Company”) for the period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019, including the related notes and financial statement schedule for the period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 listed in the accompanying index (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of the Company for the period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Hallandale Beach, Florida
March 24, 2021
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.
90
CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (SUCCESSOR)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $ | |||||||||||
| Inventories, net | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued expenses | |||||||||||
| Capital lease obligations, current portion | |||||||||||
| Deferred revenue, current portion | |||||||||||
| Term loans, current portion | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Capital leases obligations, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Deferred taxes, net | |||||||||||
| Term loans, net of current portion | |||||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) | |||||||||||
| Shareholders’ equity | |||||||||||
Preferred stock, $ | |||||||||||
Common stock, $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | |||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total shareholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
91
CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (SUCCESSOR)
CONVEY HEALTH PARENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (PREDECESSOR)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
| For Years Ended December 31, | Period from June 13, 2019 (date of inception) to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Products | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of services(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of products(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction related costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other expense, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from continuing operations | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) per common share – Basic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) per common share – Diluted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
________________________
(1) Excludes amortization of intangible assets and depreciation, which are separately stated below.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
92
CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (SUCCESSOR)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except for number of shares)
| Common stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Accumulated Deficit | Total Shareholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor, June 13, 2019 (date of inception) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common shares issued related to the Merger | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor, December 31, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock to a board of directors member | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock in initial public offering, net of issuance costs of $ | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of vested stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock related to restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividend | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
93
CONVEY HEALTH PARENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (PREDECESSOR)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except for number of shares)
| Common stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Accumulated Deficit | Total Shareholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor, December 31, 2018 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor, September 3, 2019 | 1431305 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
94
CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (SUCCESSOR)
CONVEY HEALTH PARENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (PREDECESSOR)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | Period from June 13, 2019 (date of inception) to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net ( loss) income | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation expense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization expense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for bad debt | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for inventory reserve | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain from disposal of assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Write-off of capitalized software costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventory | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payment on contingent consideration | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition, net of cash received | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized software development costs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of debt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payment of debt issuance cost | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal payment on term loan | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payment on capital leases | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock to Board of Director | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock in initial public offering, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepayment premium on early repayment of term loan | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from capitalization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payment on contingent consideration | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of vested stock options | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividend | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
95
CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (SUCCESSOR)
CONVEY HEALTH PARENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (PREDECESSOR)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(in thousands)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | Period from June 13, 2019 (date of inception) to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of the end of period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash, non-current | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for taxes | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration payable to former owners and working capital payable | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued in exchange to Parent for acquisition | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized software and property and equipment, net included in accounts payable | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
96
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1. BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Business
Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries, which includes our main operating subsidiary, Convey Health Solutions, Inc., “we”, “us”, “our”, “Convey” or the “Company”) provides technology enabled solutions to payors within the large and growing government sponsored health plan market. Our platform combines proprietary modular technology and end-to-end solutions to serve as an extension of our clients’ operations and core systems. Our clients are primarily Medicare Advantage, Medicare Part D and Employer Group Waiver Plans, as well as Pharmacy Benefit Managers. Convey is a United States (“U.S.”) based holding company incorporated in Delaware. Our principal executive offices are located in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
On April 21, 2021, we completed a corporate name change from Cannes Holding Parent, Inc. to Convey Holding Parent, Inc.
On November 4, 2021, we completed another corporate name change from Convey Holding Parent, Inc. to Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc.
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
Convey was formed on June 13, 2019, for the purpose of acquiring Convey Health Solutions, Inc. (“CHS”). On September 4, 2019, Cannes Parent, Inc. (“Cannes”), a direct subsidiary of Convey, entered into an agreement to acquire all of the outstanding stock of CHS through the merger of Cannes Merger Sub, Inc. and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (“Parent”) (the “Merger”) with Parent surviving as a direct subsidiary of Cannes. The Merger principally occurred through an investment from TPG Cannes Aggregation, L.P., which is primarily funded by partners of TPG Partners VIII, L.P. and TPG Healthcare Partners, L.P. or any parallel fund or their alternative investment vehicles (collectively, “TPG”). See Note 4. Acquisitions.
The Merger was accounted for in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), and Cannes was determined to be the accounting acquirer. The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes are presented on a Successor and Predecessor basis.
Predecessor
The period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 reflects the historical financial information for Parent and its subsidiaries prior to the closing of the Merger (“Predecessor”).
Successor
The period from Inception to December 31, 2019 and the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, reflect the historical financial information for Convey and its subsidiaries (“Successor”).
The Successor and Predecessor consolidated financial information presented herein is not comparable due to the impacts of the Merger including the application of acquisition accounting in the Successor financial statements as of September 4, 2019, see Note 4. Acquisitions. Where applicable, a black line separates the Successor and Predecessor periods to highlight the lack of comparability.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Convey and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Stock Split
Prior to the IPO (as defined below), in June 2021, Convey’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) and stockholders approved a forward split of shares of Convey’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, on a 126 -for-1 basis (the “Stock Split”), which became effective as of June 4, 2021. Prior to the Stock Split, we were authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of common stock of which (i) 915,000 shares were designated as voting common stock and (ii) 85,000 shares were designated as non-voting
97
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Initial Public Offering
On June 18, 2021, we closed our initial public offering (“IPO”) of our common stock through an underwritten sale of 13,333,334 shares of our common stock at a price of $14.00 per share. In the offering, we sold 11,666,667 shares and a selling stockholder sold 1,666,667 shares. The aggregate net proceeds to us from the offering after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses payable by us, were approximately $146.1 million. We used approximately $131.5 million of the net proceeds from the IPO to repay outstanding indebtedness under our credit agreement. We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale by the selling stockholder.
Prior to the closing of the IPO, on June 17, 2021, our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Charter”) and our Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, became effective. The Charter, among other things, provides that our authorized capital stock consists of 500,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share and 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.
COVID-19 Pandemic
During the first quarter ended March 31, 2020, concerns related to the spread of novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) began to create global business disruptions as well as disruptions in our operations. COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Governments at the national, state and local level in the U.S., and globally, have implemented varying measures in an effort to contain the virus, including social distancing, travel restrictions, border closures, limitations on public gatherings of people, work from home and supply chain logistical changes. While some of these actions have eased, escalating transmission rates (including of the Delta and Omicron variants of COVID-19), uneven vaccination and vaccination booster rates and further governmental guidance and orders may result in having to reimplement certain of these measures or implementing new and additional ones. The spread of COVID-19 has also caused significant volatility in the U.S. and international markets and has had and continues to have widespread, rapidly evolving and unpredictable impacts on global society, economics, financial markets and business practices. The impact of COVID-19 on our business has resulted in elongated sales cycles, postponement of customer contract renewals, and slower implementation of software solutions for our clients, as well as a reduction in billable hours in one of our reportable segments, the Advisory Services segment.
The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic and the various responses to the COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact our business, operations or financial condition will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including, but not limited to, the duration, severity and scope of the COVID-19 pandemic (including due to new variants, such as Delta and Omicron); actions by governmental entities, businesses and individuals that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the effect on our clients and demand by clients, clients and our clients’ members for and ability to pay for our solutions and services; and disruptions or restrictions on our employees’ ability to work and travel. The impact of these factors and others on our suppliers and clients could persist for some time after governments ease their restrictions and after the overall number of COVID-19 cases in the United States decreases.
We have assessed various accounting estimates and other matters, including those that require consideration of forecasted financial information, in context with the unknown future impacts of COVID-19 using information that is reasonably available to us at this time. While our current assessment of our estimates did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021, as additional information becomes available to us, our future assessment of our estimates, including our expectations at the time regarding the duration, scope and severity of the pandemic, as well as other factors, could materially and adversely impact our consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.
NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates and judgments are based on historical information currently available to us
98
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider cash in banks and holdings of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash and cash equivalents. At various times throughout 2021 and 2020 and as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, some accounts held at financial institutions were in excess of the federally insured limit of $250 thousand. We reduce our exposure to credit risk by maintaining our cash deposits with major financial institutions. We have not experienced any losses on these accounts and conclude the credit risk to be minimal.
We also have an immaterial amount of cash held in the Philippines and the Netherlands to fund local operations.
Restricted Cash
As part of the acquisition of HealthScape Advisors, LLC (“HealthScape Advisors”) and Pareto Intelligence LLC (“Pareto Intelligence”) in 2018, the previous shareholders agreed to set aside funds for an incentive compensation plan for employees who remained post acquisition. The payments were paid yearly and the last payment was made in December 2021. The cash for this incentive compensation plan was held as restricted cash. Any such payments have appropriately been accounted for as post business combination expense to the employees within the plan.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amounts and do not bear interest. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded to provide for estimated losses resulting from uncollectible accounts and is based principally on specifically identified amounts where collection is determined to be doubtful. Management analyzes the collectability of trade accounts and other receivables and the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts on a regular basis taking into consideration the aging of the
99
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
100
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Acquisitions
We allocate the purchase consideration to the identifiable net assets acquired, including intangible assets and liabilities assumed, based on estimated fair values at the date of the acquisition. The excess of the fair value of the purchase consideration over the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities, if any, is recorded as goodwill. During the measurement period, which is up to one year from the acquisition date, we may adjust provisional amounts that were recognized at the acquisition date to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the fair value of acquired businesses in excess of the fair value of the individually identified net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually or whenever indications of impairment exist. Impairment exists when the carrying amount, including goodwill, of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, resulting in an impairment charge for this excess (not to exceed the carrying amount of the goodwill). Our annual impairment testing date is October 1. We can elect to qualitatively assess goodwill for impairment if it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value.
For purposes of the goodwill impairment test, we have determined our business operates in four reporting units: Advanced Plan Administration, Supplemental Benefit Administration, Value Based Payment Assurance, and Advisory Services. Advanced Plan Administration, Supplemental Benefit Administration, and Value Based Payment Assurance reporting units form part of the Technology Enabled Solutions reporting segment.
A qualitative assessment considers macroeconomic and other industry-specific factors, such as trends in short-term and long-term interest rates and the ability to access capital, and company specific factors such as trends in revenue generating activities, and merger or acquisition activity. If we elect to bypass qualitatively assessing goodwill, or it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, management estimates the fair values of each of our reporting units mentioned above and compares it to their carrying values. The estimated fair values of the reporting units are established using an income approach based on a discounted cash flow model that includes significant assumptions about the future operating results and cash flows of each reporting unit, and a market approach which compares each reporting unit to comparable companies in their respective industries.
Debt Issuance Cost
Deferred financing costs relate to our debt instruments, the short-term and long-term portions are reflected as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt. The deferred financing costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the term of the related debt instrument which approximates the effective interest method. Deferred financing costs incurred with line-of-credit arrangements are recorded as assets on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized over the term of the arrangement. Debt may be considered extinguished when it has been modified and the terms of the new debt instruments and old debt instruments are “substantially different” (as defined in the debt modification guidance in ASC Topic 470‑50, Debt — Modifications and Extinguishments (“ASC 470-50”)).
Deferred Initial Public Offering Costs
We incurred certain costs in connection with our IPO. Deferred IPO costs of $5.8 million were charged to shareholders’ equity upon the completion of the IPO (see Note 1. Business and Basis of Presentation). As of December 31, 2020, deferred IPO costs were $0.4 million and were included within Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Customer Concentrations
Revenue and Accounts receivable from our major customers are as follows:
Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Customer A | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
% of total revenue | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Customer B | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
% of total revenue | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts Receivable | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||
| Customer A | $ | $ | |||||||||
| % of total accounts receivable | % | % | |||||||||
| Customer B | $ | $ | |||||||||
| % of total accounts receivable | % | % | |||||||||
Our customer base is highly concentrated. Revenue may significantly decline if we were to lose one or more of our major customers. However, our risk is reduced due to our significant customers having multiple product delivery solutions under separate contracts.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. There is a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:
•Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
•Level 2 - Includes other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace, such as quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
•Level 3 - Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
Financial instruments (principally cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses) are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. Our long-term credit facility is carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the variable interest rate associated with the revolving credit facility.
Contingencies
A liability is contingent if the amount is not presently known but may become known in the future as a result of the occurrence of some uncertain future event. We accrue a liability for an estimated loss if we determine that the potential loss is probable of occurring and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is required in both the determination of probability and the determination as to whether the amount of an exposure is reasonably estimable, and accruals are based only on the information available to our management at the time the judgment is made. We expense legal costs, including those legal costs incurred in connection with a loss contingency, as incurred.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Income Taxes
Income tax expense includes federal, state, and foreign taxes and is based on reported income before income taxes. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. The deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the periods in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are anticipated to be settled or realized.
We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and establish a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The determination as to whether a deferred tax asset will be realized is made on a jurisdictional basis and is based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence. This evidence includes historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversal of existing temporary differences and the implementation of tax planning strategies.
We recognize the tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized from uncertain tax positions are measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. No tax benefits are recognized for positions that do not meet this threshold. Interest related to uncertain tax positions is recognized as part of the provision for income taxes and is accrued beginning in the period that such interest would be applicable under relevant tax law until such time that the related tax benefits are recognized.
Contingent Consideration
We recognized an earn-out liability in connection with the November 2018 acquisition of HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence, which represented contingent consideration.
The initial fair value of the earn-out liability was determined by employing a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The underlying simulated variable was adjusted revenue discounted by the market price of risk embedded in the revenue metrics. The revenue volatility estimate was based on a study of historical asset volatility and implied volatility for a set of comparable public companies, adjusted by our operating leverage. The earn-out payments were calculated based on simulated revenue metrics and payment thresholds as set forth in the HealthScape Advisors and Pareto Intelligence purchase agreement. The
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
calculated payments were further discounted back to present value using cost of debt reflecting our credit risk. The fair value of the earn-out liability at each reporting date subsequent to the acquisition was measured using a probability weighted approach. Any change in fair value was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.
In connection with the Merger, we recognized a holdback liability, which represented contingent consideration. See Note 4. Acquisitions for additional information. The initial fair value of the holdback liabilities and at each subsequent reporting date was measured using a probability weighted approach. Any change in fair value was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we made a final payment of $13.1 million related to the holdback liability and a $7.5 million final payment related to the earn-out liability due to HealthScape Advisors.
The following table provides a reconciliation of our Level 3 earn-out and holdback liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2021:
| (in thousands) | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | ||||
| Payments against the earn-out liabilities | ( | ||||
| Payments against the holdback liabilities | ( | ||||
| Change in fair value of earn-out liabilities | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2021 | $ | ||||
The following table provides a reconciliation of our Level 3 earn-out and holdback liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2020:
| (in thousands) | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2019 | $ | ||||
| Payments against the earn-out liabilities | ( | ||||
| Change in fair value of the holdback liabilities | |||||
| Change in fair value of the earn-out liabilities | ( | ||||
| Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | ||||
Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share
Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders (the numerator) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period (the denominator). Diluted net income (loss) per common share attributable to common shareholders is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period adjusted for the dilutive effects of common stock equivalents. In periods when losses from continuing operations are reported, the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding excludes common stock equivalents because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except share and per share data) | 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive impact of stock awards outstanding | 67,695,030 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (Loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
For the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, 5,790,440 and 5,621,364 of potentially dilutive share-based awards outstanding, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) related to common holders as their effect was anti-dilutive. There were no potentially dilutive share-based awards outstanding from the period from Inception to December 31, 2019 (Successor). See Note 11. Share-Based Compensation.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740) (“ASU 2019-12”), which amended the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 eliminates certain exceptions to the guidance for income taxes related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences as well as simplifying aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. We early adopted ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2021, and the adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Pronouncements Issued Not Yet Adopted
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). The guidance specifies that lessees will need to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for virtually all of their leases except those which meet the definition of a short-term lease. For income statement purposes, the FASB retained a dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or financing. Classification will be based on criteria that are similar to those applied in current lease accounting, but without explicit bright lines. ASU 2016-02, as subsequently amended for various technical issues, is effective for emerging growth companies following private company adoption dates in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, we have identified our arrangements that are within the scope of the new guidance and have evaluated our portfolio of leases, which is primarily comprised of operating real estate leases for our respective offices. We will elect the package of practical expedients under which we will not reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification, and initial direct costs of existing leases as of the date of the adoption and, upon adoption, will recognize the right-of-use lease assets and related lease
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
liabilities as of the adoption date using the modified retrospective approach. Prior period information will not be restated. Upon transition to the guidance as of the date of adoption, we expect to recognize approximately $21.0
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. Entities will be required to use a model that will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses for trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans, and other instruments. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, the losses will be recognized as allowances rather than as reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. ASU 2016-13, as subsequently amended for various technical issues, is effective for emerging growth companies following private company adoption dates for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact it will have on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) (“ASU 2020-04”), subsequently clarified in January 2021 by ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) (“ASU 2021-01”). The main provisions of this update provide optional expedients and exceptions for contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 was effective upon issuance and, once adopted, may be applied prospectively to contract modifications and hedging relationships through December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 will have on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805) (“ASU 2021-08”). The new guidance creates an exception to the general recognition and measurement principle for contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. Under this exception, an acquirer applies Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities on the acquisition date. Topic 805 generally requires the acquirer in a business combination to recognize and measure the assets it acquires and liabilities it assumes at fair value on the acquisition date. This generally will result in companies recognizing contract assets and contract liabilities at amounts consistent with those recorded by the acquiree immediately before the acquisition date. This new guidance is effective for emerging growth companies following private business adoption dates, for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact it will have on our consolidated financial statements.
NOTE 3. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
We provide technology enabled solutions and advisory services to assist our clients with workflows across product developments, sales, member experience, clinical management, core operations and business intelligence and analytics. We generate our revenues through our two reporting segments: (i) Technology Enabled Solutions and (ii) Advisory Services.
Technology Enabled Solutions
We help health plans grow membership and revenue as well as operate more effectively and efficiently. We also assist our clients in managing the compliance and administrative requirements imposed under government sponsored health plans. Our technology solutions are primarily delivered through a web-based customizable application. This application is used to identify, track, and administer contractual services, or benefits provided under a client’s plan to its Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries. We also provide analytics over healthcare data to capture and assess gaps in risk documentation, quality, clinical care, and compliance. With our technology enabled solutions, we offer the following services:
•Health Plan Management provides technology-enabled plan administration services for government-sponsored health plans. Our service encompasses eligibility and enrollment processing, member services, premium billing, payment processing, reconciliation and other related services. In addition, we provide technology enabled services to manage supplemental benefits provided to members through their Medicare Advantage plans. Our services include benefit design and administration, member eligibility and engagement, analytics and reporting.
•Software Services provide additional services to our clients for ad hoc enhancements on their existing software solutions.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
•Data Analytics provide payment tools and data analytics to improve revenue accuracy and identify gaps in quality, clinical care and compliance. Increasingly we are combining these analytics capabilities with our Health Plan Management offerings.
•Supplemental Benefit Services include product fulfillment, as well as catalog development and product distribution.
Advisory Services
We provide Advisory Services that complement our technology enabled solutions, including sales and marketing strategies, provider network strategies, compliance, Star ratings, quality, clinical, pharmacy, analytics and risk adjustment.
Five-step approach
Under ASC 606, an entity recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts that are within the scope of the standard, we perform the following five steps:
1) Identify the contract(s) with a customer
A contract with a customer exists when (i) we enter into an enforceable contract with the customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these goods or services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance, and (iii) we determine that collection of substantially all consideration for goods or services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intention to pay. Our customary business practice is to enter into legally enforceable written contracts with our customers. The majority of our contracts are governed by a master agreement between us and the customer, which sets forth the general terms and conditions of any individual contract between the parties, which is then supplemented by any of the following: software as a service agreement, statement of work, project task orders, or purchase orders. The supplement specifies the different goods and services, the associated prices, and any additional terms for an individual contract. Multiple contracts with a single counterparty entered into at the same time are evaluated to determine if the contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract. Typical payment terms are net 30 days.
2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract
Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the goods or services either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from us, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the goods or services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised goods or services, we must apply judgment to determine whether promised goods or services are capable of being distinct and are distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met the promised goods or services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation.
No customer can take possession of our software in the ordinary course of business, nor is it feasible for a customer to contract with a third party to host the software or for a customer to host the software. Therefore, our license arrangements are accounted for as service obligations, rather than the transfer of intellectual property.
The Company is generally acting as a principal in each arrangement and, thus, recognizes revenue on a gross basis.
3) Determine the transaction price
The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which we will be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. We assess the timing of transfer of goods and services to the customer as compared to the timing of payments to determine whether a significant financing component exists. As a practical expedient, we do not assess the existence of a significant financing component when the difference between payment and transfer of deliverables is a year or less, which is the case in most of our customer contracts. The primary purpose of our invoicing terms is not to receive or provide financing from or to customers. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, we estimate the amount of variable consideration when it is required.
Typically, outside of our supplemental benefit products, we do not provide our customers with any right of return. We do not constrain the contract price as it is probable that there will not be a significant revenue reversal due to a return.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
4) Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. However, if a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same qualifies as a single performance obligation in a contract with variable consideration, we must determine if the variable consideration is attributable to the entire contract or to a specific part of the contract. We allocate the variable amount to one or more distinct performance obligations or to one or more distinct services that forms a part of a single performance obligation, when the payment terms of the variable amount relate solely to our efforts to satisfy that distinct performance obligation and it results in an allocation that is consistent with the overall allocation objective of ASC 606. Where variable revenue exists in connection with providing a series of substantially similar services to our customers, we do not estimate variable revenue at the inception of a contract but recognize revenue as services are provided which typically aligns with billing. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) unless the transaction price is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to a performance obligation or to a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation. We determine SSP based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the SSP is not observable through past transactions, we estimate the SSP using an expected cost-plus-a-margin approach.
5) Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation
We satisfy performance obligations either over time or at a point in time depending on the nature of the underlying promise. Revenue is recognized at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring a promised good or service to a customer.
The following table summarizes the nature and pattern of revenue recognition for our most significant performance obligations:
| Performance Obligation | Performance Obligation Description | Measure of Progress | ||||||
| Health Plan Management | ||||||||
Health Plan Support Services | We provide administration support services to government sponsored plans using our proprietary technology. Those administrative services include eligibility and enrollment processing, member services, premium billing, payment processing, reconciliation and other related services. The services are provided throughout the duration of the contract which can be annual or multi-year. The performance obligation falls under the series guidance. | Variable Fees recognized in the period to which it relates following the series allocation exception (i.e., the period we have the contractual right to the fee). Over time | ||||||
Supplement Benefit Administration | We provide customized solutions using our proprietary technology to manage benefits provided to members through their Medicare Advantage plans, including benefit design and administration, member eligibility and engagement, end to end analytics and reporting. The service is provided throughout the agreed upon period. The performance obligation falls under the series guidance. | Variable Fees recognized in the period to which it relates following the series allocation exception (i.e., the period we have the contractual right to the fee). Over Time | ||||||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| Performance Obligation | Performance Obligation Description | Measure of Progress | ||||||
| Software Services | ||||||||
| Software Solution | We provide our clients access to in house software solutions, which are generally marketed under annual and multi-year arrangements. The solution integrates with the client’s existing technology and the client has access to the software throughout the duration of the contract. The performance obligation falls under the series guidance. | Input method – fixed fees revenue is recognized ratably over the contract term based on time elapsed. Over Time | ||||||
Development Services | We offer additional services to our clients for ad hoc enhancements on their existing software solutions. The service is typically agreed upon on a standalone basis and provided over a set period of time that is usually less than a year. | Input method – revenue is recognized proportionally over the service based on service hours or number of hours worked. Over Time | ||||||
| Data Analytics | ||||||||
Shared Savings Analytics | We provide shared savings solutions that is derived from an evaluation of healthcare data, delivering insights to optimize outcomes, improve financial performance, and ensure compliance. These contracts are multiyear arrangements. | Shared savings recognized on delivery of the report of potential cost savings. Point in Time | ||||||
Data Validation | We offer an add-on administrational service where clients can opt to have their data inputted to government websites to recover identified savings. The length of the service provided is based on the number of members to be processed. | Output method – revenue is recognized proportionally over the service based on number of members’ data processed for potential cost savings. Over Time | ||||||
Subscription Software Access | We provide a stand ready solution that gives our clients access to an analytical tool that harmonizes third party, health plan, and clinical datasets, and applies analytic models to inform strategic product, pricing, and market decisions. These multi-year contracts allow the client to access the technology at any time to view the reports. The performance obligation falls under the series guidance. | Input method – revenue is recognized as the number of runs are completed. Over Time | ||||||
Access to a pre-determined number of data analytic assessments per year | We offer an alternative subscription service to have a predetermined number of data analytic assessment runs per year over a long-term contract. The contract specifies how many data analytic runs the client can access. The performance obligation falls under the series guidance. | Input method – revenue is recognized as the number of runs are completed. Over Time | ||||||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| Performance Obligation | Performance Obligation Description | Measure of Progress | ||||||
| Supplemental Benefit Services | ||||||||
Supplemental Benefit Product Sales | This solution is provided on an annual contract and ships supplemental benefit products to client members. This is an end to end service starting with the order processing to shipment of the product. | Recognized upon shipment to members. Point in Time | ||||||
Catalog Sales | We offer production and delivery of product formulary to client members. | Recognized upon shipment to members. Point in Time | ||||||
| Advisory Services | ||||||||
Consulting Services | We provide advisory services to the healthcare industry in various strategic and operational areas. Each individual engagement is a distinct service with a short duration and can be offered on a fixed fee or a time and materials basis. | Input method – revenue is recognized proportionally over the service based on hours. Input method – for fixed fee arrangements a percentage of completion measure is used. Over Time | ||||||
Accounting Policy Elections and Practical Expedients
We have elected to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes (e.g., sales, use, value-added) assessed by government authorities and collected from a customer. Therefore, revenue is recognized net of such taxes.
We contract with customers to deliver and ship tangible products within the normal course of business, such as supplemental benefit products. The control of the products transfers to the customer, in most cases, free on board (FOB) shipping point. We have elected to use the practical expedient allowed under ASC 606 to account for shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer has obtained control of a promised good as fulfillment costs rather than as an additional promised service and, therefore, we do not allocate a portion of the transaction price to a shipping service obligation. We record as revenue any amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling costs and record as cost of revenue the actual shipping costs incurred.
In accordance with ASC 606, if an entity has a right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the entity’s performance completed to date, the entity may recognize revenue in the amount to which the entity has a right to invoice (“right-to-invoice” practical expedient). We have elected to utilize this expedient on supplemental benefit products shipped and advisory services that are not based on a fixed fee.
Our standard contract terms allow for the reimbursement by a customer for certain travel expenses necessary to provide on-site services to the customer. Such reimbursed travel expenses are reported on a gross basis. Since such reimbursed travel expenses do not represent a distinct good or service nor incremental value provided to a customer, a performance obligation is deemed not to exist. Where the “right-to-invoice” practical expedient is being applied to variable consideration any client pass-thru charges related to the consulting services performance obligations are also treated under the “right-to-invoice” practical expedient.
Disaggregation of revenue
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| (in thousands) | For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||
| Technology Enabled Solutions | Advisory Services | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Supplemental Benefit Services | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Health Plan Management | |||||||||||||||||
| Consulting Services | |||||||||||||||||
| Software Services | |||||||||||||||||
| Data Analytics | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||
Technology Enabled Solutions | Advisory Services | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Supplemental Benefit Services | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Health Plan Management | |||||||||||||||||
| Consulting Services | |||||||||||||||||
| Software Services | |||||||||||||||||
| Data Analytics | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 (Successor) | |||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Technology Enabled Solutions | Advisory Services | Total | ||||||||||||||
| Supplemental Benefit Services | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Health Plan Management | |||||||||||||||||
| Consulting Services | |||||||||||||||||
| Software Services | |||||||||||||||||
| Data Analytics | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Technology Enabled Solutions | Advisory Services | Total | ||||||||||||||
| Supplemental Benefit Services | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Health Plan Management | |||||||||||||||||
| Consulting Services | |||||||||||||||||
| Software Services | |||||||||||||||||
| Data Analytics | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
The revenue recognition pattern, point in time or over time, is consistent within all revenue categories with the exception of Data Analytics which includes revenue recognized on both a point in time and over time basis. The amount of point in time revenue within Data Analytics was $4.9 million, $3.8 million, $2.5 million and $4.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, period from Inception to December 31, 2019 (Successor) and period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 (Predecessor), respectively.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Contract Balances
The timing of our revenue recognition, invoicing, and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenue. Accounts receivable includes unbilled receivable balances of $7.0 million and $16.0 million as of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Deferred revenue represents payments received from our customers in advance of recognition of revenue. Deferred revenue that will be recognized during the succeeding 12 months is recognized as current deferred revenue and the remaining portion is recognized as non-current deferred revenue within Other long-term liabilities. Revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period was $6.4 million and $7.4 million, respectively.
Assets Recognized from Costs to Obtain a Contract
Sales commission expenses that would not have occurred absent the customer contracts are considered incremental costs to obtain a contract. We have elected to take the practical expedient available to expense the incremental costs to obtain a contract as incurred when the expected benefit and amortization period is one year or less. Sales commission expenses are not material or have a period of benefit of one year or less and are therefore expensed as incurred in line with the practical expedient elected. All other costs to obtain a contract are not considered incremental and therefore are expensed as incurred.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations (“RPO”) represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes contract liabilities and non-cancelable amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods.
The timing and amount of revenue recognition for our remaining performance obligations are influenced by several factors and therefore the amount of remaining obligations may not be a meaningful indicator of future results. Total RPO equaled $9.8 million as of December 31, 2021, of which we expect to recognize approximately $4.2 million over the next 12 months. The remaining $5.6 million is expected to be recognized in fiscal years 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027 by $5.2 million, $0.4 million, and $2.0 thousand, for each of the remaining periods, respectively.
NOTE 4. ACQUISITIONS
As discussed in Note 1. Business and Basis of Presentation, the Merger was consummated on September 4, 2019. The Merger was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805. We concluded that Cannes is the acquirer of Parent based on Cannes taking control of greater than 50% of the voting shares of Parent. Further, the business combination was effected primarily by transferring cash and Cannes was the entity that transferred cash to the selling shareholders. The acquisition allowed TPG to expand its investments in the healthcare industry, which is a core focus industry for TPG.
Consideration of approximately $702.1 million was exchanged for all of Parent’s outstanding stock and options. Under ASC 805, transaction costs of the acquirer are not included as a component of consideration transferred but are accounted as an expense in the period in which such costs are incurred, or, if related to the issuance of debt, capitalized as debt issuance costs. Acquisition related transaction costs incurred as part of a business combination can include estimated fees related to the issuance of long-term debt, underwriting fees, as well as advisory, legal and accounting fees.
Acquisition related fees of $14.1 million were paid by TPG on behalf of Convey. As a result, these fees have been pushed down and reflected as an expense in the period from Inception to December 31, 2019 (Successor). Debt issuance costs of
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
$6.1 million, in connection with the arrangement of debt financing to consummate the Merger, have been reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction of the associated debt.
CHS incurred $23.0 million in transaction costs related to Parent’s advisors and transaction-based bonuses to Parent’s employees, which was included as part of the purchase consideration. Seller transaction expenses of $21.5 million were contingent on the consummation of the Merger and were recognized “on the line”, and, therefore are not reflected in the Predecessor or Successor statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Unrecognized compensation expenses of $4.1 million associated with stock options that vested upon consummation of the Merger and deferred financing costs of $3.1 million associated with the extinguishment of the Predecessor term loan and the revolving credit facility were also recognized “on the line.”
The following table summarizes the purchase consideration transferred in connection with the Merger and consists of the following:
| (in thousands) | |||||
| Cash consideration | $ | ||||
| Contingent consideration payable to former owners and working capital payable | |||||
| Equity rollover | |||||
| Total consideration | $ | ||||
The fair value of the equity rollover consideration was calculated by valuing each share based on the per share common stock merger consideration.
Contingent consideration of $2.8 million was estimated to be paid to the sellers at the time of the acquisition. The initial fair value of the holdback liability was measured using a probability weighted approach.
The valuation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed was based on fair values as of September 4, 2019, the closing date of the Merger. The allocation of consideration to the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed reflect various fair value estimates and analyses, including work performed by third-party valuation specialists.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| Preliminary allocation | Measurement period adjustments | Final allocation | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| ASSETS ACQUIRED | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | |||||||||||||||||
| Inventories, net | |||||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||||||||
| Other assets, net | |||||||||||||||||
| Total identifiable assets acquired | |||||||||||||||||
| Fair value of intangible assets | |||||||||||||||||
| Tradenames | |||||||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | |||||||||||||||||
| Technology | |||||||||||||||||
| Total fair value of intangible assets acquired | |||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Assets Acquired | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES ASSUMED | |||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | |||||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses | |||||||||||||||||
| Capital lease obligations | |||||||||||||||||
| Deferred taxes, net | |||||||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration from prior acquisitions | |||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities Assumed | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Total consideration transferred | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Due to a change in our tax estimate we made a measurement period adjustment of $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The preliminary value of net assets acquired and liabilities assumed of $247.1 million were recorded at their fair values. Measurement period adjustments were made which changed the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed to $246.9 million. Finite-lived intangible assets acquired of $264.1 million related to tradenames, customer relationships, and technology are being amortized on a straight-line basis, which best reflects the pattern of usage. We estimated the fair value of the identifiable intangible assets based upon a third-party valuation. The weighted average useful life of tradenames, customer relationships and technology at the time of acquisition was 19.7 years, 11 years and 10 years, respectively.
The tradenames and technology were valued using the relief from royalty method. Under this method a royalty rate is applied to the revenues associated with the respective trade name and technology to capture value associated with use of the intangible assets as if licensed. The resulting royalty savings are then discounted to present value at rates reflective of the risk and return expectations of the cash flows to derive their respective fair values as of the closing date of the Merger.
The customer relationships were valued utilizing the multi-period excess earnings method. Under this method, revenues, operating expenses and other costs were estimated in order to derive cash flows attributable to the customer relationships. The resulting cash flows were then discounted to present value at rates reflective of the risk and return expectations to arrive at the fair value of the customer relationship as of the closing date of the Merger.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The fair value of property and equipment acquired was determined using the cost approach. The market approach was also utilized for assets with active secondary markets.
The fair value of the deferred revenue was estimated based on the costs to satisfy our remaining obligations, plus a reasonable profit considering the mark-up that a third-party market participant would charge to service the deferred revenue.
Contingent consideration from prior acquisitions was fair valued based on a probability weighted assessment.
Goodwill of $455.2 million as of December 31, 2020, represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net tangible assets and finite-lived intangible assets acquired and it is not deductible for income tax purposes. The goodwill is attributable to the general reputation of the business and the collective experience of management and employees. Goodwill of $88.9 million, $190.2 million, $138.2 million and $37.9 million was assigned to the Advanced Plan Administration, Supplemental Benefits Administration, Value Based Payment Assurance and Advisory Services reporting units, respectively, based on expected benefits from the combination as of the Merger date. See Note 7. Intangibles Assets and Goodwill.
Unaudited Supplemental Pro Forma Information
The pro forma results presented below include the effects of the Merger as if it had occurred on January 1, 2019. The pro forma results for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes (i) the additional depreciation and amortization resulting from the adjustments to the value of property and equipment and intangible assets resulting from purchase accounting, (ii) the additional amortization of the estimated adjustment to decrease the assumed deferred revenue obligations to fair value that would have been charged assuming the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2019, together with the consequential tax effects. The pro forma results also include interest expense associated with debt used to fund the acquisitions and adjustments to exclude interest expense from debt extinguished in the Merger. The pro forma results do not include any anticipated synergies or other expected benefits of the acquisitions. The pro forma information does not purport to be indicative of what our results of operations would have been if the Merger had in fact occurred at the beginning of the period presented and is not intended to be a projection of our future results of operations. Transaction expenses are included within the pro forma results.
The unaudited pro forma combined results, which assumes the Merger was completed on January 1, 2019 are as follows for the year ended December 31, 2019:
| (in thousands) | Revenue | Net Loss | |||||||||
| 2019 supplemental pro forma from January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019 | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
NOTE 5. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:
| (in thousands) | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other advances | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Software licenses | |||||||||||
| Insurance | |||||||||||
| Inventory purchase advances | |||||||||||
| Cloud computing subscription & implementation costs | |||||||||||
| Tenant facility lease allowances | |||||||||||
| Deferred IPO costs | |||||||||||
| Other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
115
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
NOTE 6. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of the following:
| (in thousands) | Estimated Life (in years) | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||
| Office and computer equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | Up to | ||||||||||||||||
| Furniture and fixtures | |||||||||||||||||
| Software | |||||||||||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, period from Inception to December 31,2019 (Successor) and period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 (Predecessor), totaled $5.6 million, $4.2 million, $1.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively.
We lease various equipment and software under capital leases. The depreciation expense associated with the assets under capital leases for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, period from Inception to December 31,2019 (Successor) and period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 (Predecessor), totaled $0.4 million, $0.1 million, $0.03 million and $0.02 million, respectively. Assets held under capital leases are included in property and equipment as follows:
| (in thousands) | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||
| Office and computer equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total financing leases included in property and equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
NOTE 7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL
The activity for goodwill as of December 31, 2021 is as follows:
| (in thousands) | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2020 | |||||
| Measurement period adjustments | |||||
| Acquisitions | |||||
| Impairment | |||||
| Balance at December 31, 2021 | $ | ||||
The carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit as of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020 was $88.9 million for Advanced Plan Administration, $190.1 million for Supplemental Benefits Administration, $138.2 million for Value Based Payment Assurance and $38.0 million for Advisory Services, for each period.
The goodwill allocated to the Technology Enabled Solutions and Advisory Services reportable segments is $417.3 37.9 no impairment. There were no indicators of impairment as of December 31, 2021.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| (in thousands) | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Carrying Amount | ||||||||||||||
| Amortized intangible assets | |||||||||||||||||
| Trade names | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Technology | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized software development costs | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Total intangible assets | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
The carrying value of identifiable intangible assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2020:
| (in thousands) | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Carrying Amount | ||||||||||||||
| Amortized intangible assets | |||||||||||||||||
| Trade names | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Technology | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized software development costs | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Total intangible assets | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
Amortization expense for Trade names, Customer relationships and Technology for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, totaled $23.4 7.8 million and $10.6 million, respectively.
Amortization expense for Capitalized software development costs for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, totaled $1.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively. For the period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 (Predecessor), the amortization expense for Capitalized software development costs was $0.7 million. For the period from Inception to December 31,2019 (Successor), amortization expense was immaterial.
We expect to recognize amortization of all intangible assets over a weighted average period of 9.13 years with no expected residual values. These charges are classified as operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. Expected future amortization expense consists of the following for each of the following years ended December 31:
| (in thousands) | |||||
| 2022 | $ | ||||
| 2023 | |||||
| 2024 | |||||
| 2025 | |||||
| 2026 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Total | $ | ||||
117
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
NOTE 8. ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:
| (in thousands) | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||
| Contingent consideration | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Incentive bonus | |||||||||||
| Employee related | |||||||||||
| Sales and use tax | |||||||||||
| Rebates | |||||||||||
| Accrued interest | |||||||||||
| Accrued professional fees | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Total accrued expenses | $ | $ | |||||||||
NOTE 9. CREDIT FACILITY
On September 4, 2019, we entered into the First Lien Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for senior secured credit facilities consisting of (i) a $225.0 million closing date term loan (the “Term Facility”) and loans thereunder (the “Term Loans”) and (ii) a $40.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) (collectively, the “Credit Facility”). The Term Facility has a seven-year term which expires on September 4, 2026 and the Revolving Facility has a five-year term which expires on September 4, 2024. We paid debt issuance costs of approximately $6.1 million on the closing date of the Credit Facility, $5.2 million is being amortized over the life of the Term Facility (84 months) and $0.9 million is being amortized over the term of the Revolving Facility (60 months) on a straight-line method. The Revolving Facility includes a letter of credit sub-facility (subject to a sublimit not to exceed $10.0 million) and a swing line loan sub-facility (subject to a sublimit not to exceed $10.0 million).
On April 8, 2020, we amended the Credit Agreement to establish an incremental loan facility in an aggregate principal amount equal to $25.0 million for an incremental term loan request (the “2020 Incremental Term Loan”) bearing interest at the Eurodollar Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) expiring September 4, 2026. We capitalized debt issuance costs of approximately $1.1 million on the closing date of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan, which was being amortized over the life of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan (77 months) on a straight-line basis.
On February 12, 2021, we further amended the Credit Agreement to establish an incremental term loan in an aggregate principal amount equal to $78.0 million (the “2021 Incremental Term Loan”) bearing interest at the Eurodollar Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) expiring September 4, 2026. We capitalized debt issuance costs of approximately $2.4 million on the closing date of the 2021 Incremental Term Loan, which was being amortized over the life of the 2021 Incremental Term Loan (67 months) on a straight-line basis.
The Credit Agreement includes an uncommitted incremental facility, which provides that we have the right at any time to request term loan increases, additional term loan facilities, revolving commitment increases and/or additional revolving credit facilities, in an aggregate principal amount, together with the aggregate principal amount of permitted incremental equivalent debt under the Credit Agreement, not to exceed (a) the sum of the greater of (i) $46.9 million and (ii) 100.0 % of Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of CHS and its restricted subsidiaries for the most recently ended period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of CHS (calculated on a pro forma basis), plus (b) certain additional amounts, including an unlimited amount subject to pro forma compliance with a leverage ratio test.
Interest Rate and Fees
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement (other than borrowings of swing line loans) bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our election, either (i) the LIBOR for the relevant interest period (subject to a floor of 1.00 % per annum) plus an applicable margin, as defined in the Credit Agreement, or (ii) a base rate plus an applicable margin, as defined in the Credit Agreement. We elected to use the LIBOR rate for the Term Loans and the Revolving Facility. The Credit Agreement provides for the replacement of LIBOR with a successor or alternative index rate in the event LIBOR is phased-out.
In addition to paying interest on the outstanding principal of the Credit Facility, we are required to pay a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the Revolving Facility at a rate that is subject to adjustment based upon the First
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Lien Net Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement (maximum debt to Earnings Before Interest, Income Tax, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”), as defined in the Credit Agreement) at such time and ranges from 0.375 % to 0.500 % per annum. We are also required to pay customary letter of credit fees and certain other agency fees.
On July 12, 2021, CHS entered into Amendment No. 4 to the Credit Agreement (“Amendment No. 4”). Amendment No. 4 amends the Credit Agreement to provide for, among other things, (i) the reduction of the Applicable Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for Eurodollar Rate Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from 5.25 % to 4.75 % and, for Base Rate Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement), from 4.25 % to 3.75 %, and (ii) the reduction of the floor for the Eurodollar Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from 1.00 % to 0.75 % for the Closing Date Term Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement). Amendment No. 4 was accounted for as a debt modification.
See Note 19. Subsequent Events, for additional information
Covenants
The Credit Agreement includes negative covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and limitations, restrict the ability of CHS and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: incur liens; incur debt; make investments or loans; engage in mergers, acquisitions and asset sales; declare dividends or other distributions, redeem or repurchase equity interests or make other restricted payments; alter the businesses CHS and its restricted subsidiaries conduct; enter into agreements restricting distributions by CHS’s restricted subsidiaries; modify certain terms of certain junior indebtedness; and engage in certain transactions with affiliates.
In addition, the Credit Facility contains a financial covenant that requires us to maintain as of the last day of each period of four consecutive quarters of the Company, a First Lien Net Leverage Ratio not to exceed 7.4 to 1.0 if, as of the last day of any fiscal quarter of the Company, there are outstanding revolving loans and letters of credit (excluding (i) undrawn letters of credit in an aggregate face amount up to $10.0 million and (ii) letters of credit (whether drawn or undrawn) to the extent reimbursed, cash collateralized or backstopped on terms reasonably acceptable to the applicable issuing bank on or prior to the date that is three business days following the end of the applicable period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of CHS in an aggregate principal amount exceeding 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Facility at such time. The financial covenant is subject to equity cure rights and may be amended or waived with the consent of the lenders holding a majority of the commitments under the Revolving Facility.
We were in compliance with our debt covenants at December 31, 2021.
Prepayments and Mandatory Prepayment
Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, we are permitted to voluntarily prepay outstanding loans or commitments in whole or part without premium or penalty other than certain exceptions described in the Credit Agreement; however, the Credit Agreement requires us to prepay outstanding term loans, subject to certain exceptions and limitations with (i) 50 % of our annual excess cash flow, subject to certain step-downs based upon the First Lien Net Leverage Ratio; (ii) 100 % of the net cash proceeds of certain asset sales or casualty events; and (iii) 100 % of the net cash proceeds of certain incurrences or issuances of indebtedness.
Scheduled Repayments
We are required to make scheduled quarterly payments on the Term Loans. Prior to the 2021 Incremental Term Loan, we were required to make quarterly payments (i) commencing with the quarter ended December 31, 2019, in an amount equal to 0.25 % of the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans outstanding on September 4, 2019 with the balance due upon maturity date and (ii) in respect of the 2020 Incremental Term Loans, beginning with the quarter ended June 30, 2020, in an amount equal to 0.25 % of the aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan outstanding on April 8, 2020, with the balance due on maturity.
Subsequent to the 2021 Incremental Term Loan, we are required to make quarterly payments (i) commencing with the quarter ended March 31, 2021, in an aggregate principal amount equal to $0.8 million for the Term Facility and the 2021 Incremental Term Loan, with the balance due upon maturity date and (ii) in respect of the 2020 Incremental Term Loans, in an amount equal to 0.25 % of the aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan outstanding on April 8, 2020, with the balance due on maturity. We are required to repay the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the Revolving Facility, and the aggregate principal amount of each swing line loan under the Revolving Facility, at maturity of the Revolving
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Facility on September 4, 2024. In connection with the prepayment noted under the “Extinguishment of Debt” below, no additional scheduled installments of principal are required.
Guarantees and Collateral
All obligations under the Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by Parent and certain subsidiaries. All obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and limitations, by first priority security interests in substantially all the assets of the Company and each guarantor (including all the equity interests of CHS).
Extinguishment of Debt
On June 18, 2021, $131.5 million from the IPO proceeds (see Note 1. Business and Basis of Presentation) were used to repay the principal balance, accrued but unpaid interest, and prepayment premium under the Credit Agreement. The 2020 Incremental Term Loan and the 2021 Incremental Term Loan were repaid in full and the remainder of the proceeds were used to repay a portion of the Term Facility. The prepayment for the Term Facility was applied to the remaining scheduled installments of principal and as a result of the prepayment, no additional scheduled installments of principal are required. The Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $5.0 million. The loss consisted of $3.4 million for unamortized deferred financing costs and $1.6 million for prepayment premiums.
Other Information
As of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, unamortized deferred financing costs for the Term Loans totaled $3.0 million and $5.2 million, respectively. Amortization of deferred financing costs for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, totaled $0.9 0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, unamortized deferred financing costs associated with the Revolving Facility totaled $0.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively, and were included in Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of deferred financing costs was approximately $0.2 0.1
Amortization of deferred financing costs is included within Interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
For the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, the average interest rate for the Term Facility was 6.1 % and 6.5 %, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the aggregate principal balance was $192.6 million and $222.2 million, respectively.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, the average interest rate for the 2020 Incremental Term Loan was 10.0 %. As of December 31, 2020, the aggregated principal balance was $24.8 million.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, the average interest rate for the 2021 Incremental Term Loan was 7.0 %.
For the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, the average interest rate for the Revolving Facility was 2.75 39.4 million and $39.5 million, respectively. On January 23, 2020, we established an irrevocable transferable letter of credit (“LOC”) in the favor of a lessor totaling $0.5 million. The LOC expired on January 31, 2021, however, per the terms of the agreement, the LOC automatically extends for a one year period upon the expiration date and each anniversary thereafter, unless at least 60 days prior to such expiration date or anniversary written notice is provided that we elect not to extend the LOC. The LOC was automatically extended for a one year period on January 31, 2021.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| (in thousands) | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||
| Term loans | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Less: deferred financing costs | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Term loans, net of deferred financing costs | |||||||||||
| Less: current portion | ( | ||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
Debt Maturities Schedule
The required principal payments for Term Loans for each of the five years and thereafter following the
balance sheet date are as follows:
| (in thousands) | |||||
| 2022 | $ | ||||
| 2023 | |||||
| 2024 | |||||
| 2025 | |||||
| 2026 | |||||
| Total | $ | ||||
NOTE 10. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
As of December 31, 2021, we are authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share and 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. See Note 1. Business and Basis of Presentation for additional information related to the Stock Split and IPO.
In February 2021, our Board, through a unanimous written consent, adopted a written resolution declaring a special dividend of $1.18 per share of common stock totaling $74.5 million in cash (“Special Dividend”) ultimately to be distributed to the shareholders of Convey. Of the Special Dividend, $72.2 million was paid to existing shareholders and $2.3 million was paid to outstanding and vested stock option holders. The Special Dividend was paid out during the year ended December 31, 2021.
NOTE 11. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
On September 4, 2019, our Board adopted the Cannes Holding Parent, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Equity Plan”). The 2019 Equity Plan was terminated and replaced and superseded by the 2021 Plan (as defined below) on the effective date of the 2021 Plan and no further grant of awards under the 2019 Equity Plan have been made since such effective date. Outstanding awards granted under the 2019 Equity Plan remain in effect pursuant to their terms.
On June 4, 2021, in connection with the IPO, the Company adopted the Convey Holding Parent, Inc. 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The 2021 Plan has a term of ten years .
In March 2020, pursuant to the 2019 Equity Plan, Convey issued option awards to acquire 5,723,676 shares, respectively, of Convey’s common stock having an exercise price of $7.94 per share and a term of (10 ) years. The awards were comprised of time-vesting and performance-vesting options.
The time-vesting options will vest 20 % on the first anniversary of the commencement date, defined in each option agreement, and the remainder will vest in 16 equal 3-month installments over the following four years . Upon a change in control, the time-vested options will vest fully.
The performance-vesting options are eligible to vest 20 % each year subject to the Company meeting certain annual Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Income Tax, Depreciation and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) targets. Each year has been accounted for as a separate tranche. To the extent that any performance-based options have not vested pursuant to achievement of the annual Adjusted EBITDA targets (performance condition), catch-up vesting may occur if at any time prior to or upon the option expiration date of the award, TPG achieves a certain multiple-of-money return (market condition). Upon the consummation of a change in control, all performance-based options that have not become vested pursuant to the
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
achievement of the Adjusted EBITDA targets or do not satisfy the catch-up vesting criteria will be immediately forfeited without any payment or consideration due from us.
In March 2021, pursuant to the 2019 Equity Plan, Convey issued option awards to acquire 69,300 shares of Convey’s common stock with an exercise price of $9.92 per share and a term of (10 ) years. The awards were comprised of time-vesting options which vest 25 % on each anniversary date from the vesting commencement date.
In June 2021, in connection with the IPO and pursuant to the 2021 Plan, Convey issued option awards to acquire 497,321 shares of Convey’s common stock with an exercise price of $14.00 per share and a term of (10 ) years. In addition, Convey issued 198,929 RSUs with a grant date fair value of $13.00 per unit. The option awards and RSUs are time-vesting awards which vest 25 % on the first anniversary of the commencement date, and the remainder will vest in 12 equal 3-month installments over the following three years .
In August 2021, pursuant to the 2021 Plan, Convey issued option awards to acquire 20,380 shares of Convey’s common stock with an exercise price of $9.20 per share and a term of five (5 ) years. In addition, Convey issued 8,152 RSUs with a grant date fair value of $9.20 per unit. The option awards and RSUs were fully vested as of the date of the grant.
The following table summarizes the total share-based compensation expense included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss):
| For the Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total stock-based compensation expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
The estimated income tax benefit of stock-based compensation expense included in the provision for income taxes is approximately $2.1 million, $1.9 million, and $0.08 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, and period from Inception to December 31, 2019 (Successor), respectively. There was no income tax benefit for the period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 (Predecessor).
During the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, cash received upon exercise under all share-based compensation arrangements totaled $1.4 million and $0 , respectively.
Stock Option Modification
On February 15, 2021, our Board approved a stock option award modification (the “Modification”) whereby the exercise price of certain previously granted and still outstanding unvested stock option awards held by current employees and certain executives were reduced by $1.18 per award, which represented the cash payment made for the vested awards as part of the Special Dividend. No other terms of the repriced stock options were modified, and the modified stock options will continue to vest according to their original vesting schedules and will retain their original expiration dates. As a result of the Modification, 3,653,837 unvested stock options outstanding with an original exercise price of $7.94 were modified.
There was no incremental stock-based compensation expense as there was no incremental fair value generated as a result of the Modification.
Stock Option Grants
122
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Stock Option Awards | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) | |||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2019 (Successor) | $ | — | |||||||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | |||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2020 | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Vested or expect to vest as of December 31, 2021 | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Vested and Exercisable as of December 31, 2021 | $ | ||||||||||||||||
The stock options are equity-based awards and their aggregate intrinsic value outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2021, was $2.2 4.60 .
As of December 31, 2021, there was approximately $10.4 million total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.38 years.
We estimate the fair value of the time-vesting stock option awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes Merton model. The time-vesting options have a service condition. Option valuation models, including the Black-Scholes Merton model, require the input of certain assumptions that involve judgment. Changes in the input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimates and, ultimately, how much we recognize as stock-based compensation expense. The fair value of the options granted during the year were estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes Merton model based on the following assumptions:
| 2021 Grants | 2020 Grants | ||||||||||
| Expected term (years) | |||||||||||
| Expected volatility | |||||||||||
| Risk free interest rate | |||||||||||
| Expected dividend yield | % | % | |||||||||
Prior to the IPO, there was no active external or internal market for our common shares. Thus, it was not possible to estimate the expected volatility of our share price in estimating fair value of options granted. Accordingly, as a substitute for such volatility, the Company used the historical volatility of the common stock of other companies in the same industry over an approximate period of time commensurate with the expected term of the options awarded. The expected term for options granted is based on the “simplified” method described in Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107, Share-Based Payment, and SAB No. 110, Share-Based Payment, since the simplified method provides a reasonable estimate in comparison to actual experience. Management had estimated the risk-free interest rate based on U.S. Treasury note rates for the expected term.
Restricted Stock Units
123
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Restricted Stock Units | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in thousands) | ||||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2020 | $ | ||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | $ | ||||||||||
One RSU gives the right to one share of the Company’s common stock. RSUs that vest based on service are measured based on the fair value of the underlying stock on the date of grant. Compensation with respect to RSU awards is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.
As of December 31, 2021, there was approximately $1.8 million total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.46 years.
Long-Term Incentive Awards
In March 2020, Convey issued fifty-six (56 ) Long-Term Incentive (LTI) awards with a total grant-date fair value of $1.1 million to employees. These awards vest upon satisfaction of the performance condition as determined by our Board at its sole discretion, subject to the participants continued employment or service. The performance condition is satisfied by TPG meeting a certain multiple-of-money return, on a scale, prior to or upon (i) TPG in the aggregate beneficially owning less than 20% of the voting equity securities of the Company or (ii) the date on which a change in control occurs. The awards contain a market condition with an implicit performance condition. No awards have vested as of December 31, 2021, as such events did not occur during the year ended December 31, 2021. No
| LTI Awards | |||||
| Outstanding at December 31, 2019 (Successor) | |||||
| Granted | |||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||
| Outstanding as of December 31, 2020 | |||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||
| Outstanding as of December 31, 2021 | |||||
Settlement of the award can be made, as determined by the Board of Directors at its sole discretion, (i) in cash, (ii) common stock, or (iii) in other property acceptable to the Board of Directors. The LTIs are treated as liability-based awards under ASC Topic 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation, (“ASC 718”) and the Company shall recognize compensation expense for the LTIs upon the liquidity event occurring.
The fair value of the LTI awards granted during 2020 were estimated on the date of the grant using the Monte-Carlo Simulation analysis based on the following assumptions:
| Expected term (years) | |||||
| Expected volatility | |||||
| Risk free interest rate | |||||
| Expected dividend yield | |||||
Prior to our IPO, there was no active external or internal market for our common shares. Thus, it was not possible to estimate the expected volatility of our share price in estimating the fair value of the LTI awards granted in 2020. Accordingly, as a substitute for such volatility, we used the historical volatility of the common stock of other companies in the same industry over a period of time commensurate with the expected term of the LTI awards. The expected term for LTI awards granted is
124
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
NOTE 12. EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLAN
NOTE 13. TAXES
Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations is summarized as follows:
| Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pre-tax (loss) income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domestic | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total pre-tax loss | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current tax benefit (expense): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| State | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Current tax benefit (expense) | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax benefit: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| State | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total deferred tax benefit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total tax benefit (expense): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| State | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total benefit for taxes on income | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, we determine deferred tax assets and liabilities on the basis of the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for the years prior to 2018. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to state income tax examinations for the years prior to 2018. At December 31, 2021, there are no income tax examinations currently in process in the U.S. jurisdictions.
125
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Our subsidiary, Convey Health Solutions Philippines, Inc. (“CHSP”), is subject to income taxes in the Philippines at a favorable rate due to certain tax incentives afforded to our subsidiary by the Philippine Economic Zone Authority. At December 31, 2021, our subsidiary is under examination by the Bureau of Internal Revenue for the year 2014.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred taxes were as follows:
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Deferred Tax Assets: | |||||||||||
| Net operating loss carry forward | $ | $ | |||||||||
| General business credits | |||||||||||
| Accrued compensation | |||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||
| Foreign tax credit | |||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | |||||||||||
| Allowance for refunds, claim denials and returns | |||||||||||
| Accrued liabilities | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets | |||||||||||
| Deferred rent | |||||||||||
| Accrued Taxes | |||||||||||
| Interest expense | |||||||||||
| Tenant Improvement Allowance | |||||||||||
| Uniform Capitalization | |||||||||||
| Director and officer prior act liability insurance policy | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Total deferred tax assets, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Identifiable Intangible assets | $( | $( | |||||||||
| Property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Software development costs | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Change in Fair Value on Contingent liability | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Prepaids | ( | ||||||||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | $( | $( | |||||||||
| Net deferred tax liability | $( | $( | |||||||||
The total of all deferred tax assets is $33.4 million and $34.6 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The total of all deferred tax liabilities is $59.4 million and $61.2 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had no
As a result of the Merger, an analysis was completed in accordance with Internal Revenue Code Section 382 (“Section 382”) to determine the limitations associated with our use of preexisting Net Operating Loss (“NOL”) carryforwards in future periods. The annual limitation is based on a number of factors including the value of our stock (as defined for tax purposes) on the date of the ownership change, our net unrealized built in gain position on that date and the effect of any subsequent ownership changes, if any. We retained a third party to complete the required Section 382 analysis who determined that at September 4, 2019 approximately $66.9 million of the NOL carryforwards will be available to future tax periods in varying increments annually. As of December 31, 2021, we had $43.3 million of federal NOL carryforwards of which $0.7 million
126
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
begin to expire between 2023 and 2026 and the remaining $42.6 million has an indefinite carryforward period. The remaining NOLs will be limited to 80% of taxable income in accordance with the Tax Cut and Jobs Act. As of December 31, 2021, we had $41.4 million of combined NOL carryforwards in various states which will begin to expire in 2023.
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other things, permits NOL carryovers and carrybacks to offset 100% of taxable income for taxable years beginning before 2021. In addition, the CARES Act allows NOLs incurred in 2018, 2019 and 2020 to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes. Consequently, we have filed NOL carryback claims for the years 2016 and 2017. Furthermore, the CARES Act contains modifications on the limitation of business interest for tax years beginning in 2019 and 2020. The modifications to Internal Revenue Code Section 163(j) increase the allowable business interest deduction from 30% of adjusted taxable income to 50% of adjusted taxable income. This modification significantly increases the allowable interest expense deduction and results in significantly less taxable income for the year-ended 2020, resulting in less utilization of net operating losses in that year. As a result of the CARES Act, it is anticipated that we will fully utilize all interest expense that was deferred with no additional disallowed interest expense in 2020. Finally, the CARES Act included a retroactive technical correction as if it were included in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act originally. The CARES Act permits Qualified Improvement Property to qualify for 15-year depreciation and therefore also be eligible for 100 percent first-year bonus depreciation.
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes at the federal statutory rate compared to the effective tax rate is as follows:
| Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense at the statutory rate | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase in income taxes resulting from: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Jurisdiction rate different than the statutory | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| State taxes, net of federal | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on Extinguishment of Debt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction bonuses deduction for tax not for book | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax credits | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Option Holder Compensation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-Deductible Compensation for Covered Employees | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Write off of Excess DTA related to Stock Option Exercise | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Buyer Transaction Costs not Deductible for Tax | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 70% Success based deductible transaction Costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prior Year Adjustments | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carryback Due To CARES Act | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value contingency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disallowed Fringe Benefits | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| FTC - Expiration | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOL Carryforward Adjustment - Amended 2019 Tax Return | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
NOTE 14. TRANSACTION RELATED COSTS
127
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mergers and acquisitions related costs | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public company readiness costs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NOTE 15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Leases
We lease office space, warehouse and distribution space, and equipment under non-cancelable operating and capital leases expiring at various dates through 2029. Lease terms generally range from to seven years . In most cases, we are required to make additional payments under facility operating leases for taxes, insurance, and other operating expenses incurred during the operating lease period. Certain of these leases contain rent concessions and payment escalations, in which case rent expense, including the impact of the concessions and/or escalations, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Rent expense under all operating leases was approximately $8.4 million, $8.0 million, $2.5 million and $5.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, period from Inception through December 31, 2019 (Successor) and period from January 1, 2019 through September 3, 2019 (Predecessor), respectively.
The remaining aggregate commitment for lease payments under the operating lease for the facilities as of December 31, 2021 are as follows:
| (in thousands) | Capital Leases | Operating Leases | |||||||||
| 2022 | $ | $ | |||||||||
| 2023 | |||||||||||
| 2024 | |||||||||||
| 2025 | |||||||||||
| 2026 | |||||||||||
| Thereafter | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Less: amounts representing interest | $ | ||||||||||
| Net present value of capital lease obligations | $ | ||||||||||
Employment Agreements
We have employment agreements with various executives. The agreements have open-ended terms providing that employment shall continue until terminated by either party in accordance with the agreement. In addition to salary, bonuses, and benefits, the agreements also provide for termination benefits if the agreements are terminated by us for reasons other than cause or by the executives for good reason.
Inventory Purchases
As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we have contractual commitments to purchase inventory from certain manufacturers totaling $5.2 million and $6.5 million, respectively.
Legal Proceedings
We are involved in various lawsuits, claims, inquiries, and other regulatory and compliance matters, most of which are routine to the nature of our business. When it is probable that a loss will be incurred and where a range of the loss can be reasonably estimated, the best estimate within the range is accrued. When the best estimate within the range cannot be determined, the low end of the range is accrued. The ultimate resolution of these claims could affect future results of operations
128
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
should our exposure be materially different from our estimates or should liabilities be incurred that were not previously accrued. Potential insurance reimbursements are not offset against potential liabilities.
Because of the uncertainties associated with claims resolution and litigation, future losses to resolve these matters could be higher than the liabilities we have accrued; however, we are unable to reasonably estimate a range of potential losses. If new information were to become available that allowed us to reasonably estimate a range of potential losses in an amount higher or lower than what we have accrued, we would adjust our accrued liabilities accordingly. Based upon current information, we concluded that the impact of the resolution of these matters would not be, individually or in the aggregate, material to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Additional lawsuits, claims, inquiries, and other regulatory and compliance matters could arise in the future. The range of losses for resolving any future matters would be assessed as they arise.
On July 11, 2017, Ronnie Kahululani Solis (“Solis”) filed suit in the Los Angeles Superior Court against one of our former subsidiaries, Gorman Health Group, LLC (“Gorman”), which merged into Convey Health Solutions, Inc. effective September 1, 2020, for damages for negligence and negligence per se arising out of an incident that occurred on March 3, 2017. Solis alleged damages in excess of $6.0 million stemming from an accident involving a vehicle and a motorcycle. The vehicle was being operated by a Gorman employee in the scope of his employment. In July 2021, the parties reached an agreement to settle the claim for $1.2 million and in August 2021, the settlement was paid by the insurance company.
Sales Tax Accrual
On June 21, 2018, the U.S. Supreme Court issued an opinion in South Dakota v. Wayfair. The State of South Dakota alleged that U.S. constitutional law should be revised to permit South Dakota to require remote sellers to collect and remit sales tax in South Dakota in accordance with South Dakota’s sales tax statute. Under the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling, the longstanding Quill Corp v. North Dakota sales tax case was overruled, and states may now require remote sellers to collect sales tax under certain circumstances. Consequently, we began collecting sales tax in 21 states that we deemed in accordance with the new statute. Pursuant to South Dakota’s statute, we are not required to pay sales tax retroactively.
ASC Topic 450, Contingencies, (“ASC 450”) requires an estimated loss to be accrued by a charge to income if it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. We recognized liabilities for contingencies related to state sales and use tax deemed probable and estimable totaling $6.9 million and $7.5 million at December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. These are included in accrued liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.
NOTE 16. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
TPG Management Service Agreement
On September 4, 2019, in connection with the Merger, we entered into a management services agreement (“MSA”) with TPG. Under the MSA, TPG agreed to provide certain financial, strategic advisory services, and consulting services in exchange for (i) reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by TPG and (ii) an aggregate annual retainer fee of 1 % based on our previous year’s consolidated EBITDA determined by Convey’s Board of Directors. Additional services may be provided in exchange for the fees structured within the MSA. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, the period from Inception through December 31, 2019 (Successor) and period from January 1, 2019 through September 3, 2019 (Predecessor), we paid management and consulting fees of $0.2 million, $0.6 million, $0.2 million, and $0 , respectively. Also, during the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, we paid TPG a fee of $1.2 million, and $0.3 million for services provided in connection with establishing: (i) the 2021 Incremental Term Loan and the July 2021 amendment to the Credit Agreement and (ii) the 2020 Incremental Term Loan, respectively. No
In the event the MSA is terminated by an IPO or business combination and TPG continues to hold at least 10 % of equity of the Company upon closing of such transaction, we are required to pay TPG the net present value of the remaining portion of management and consulting fees that would have been incurred until three years after the date of such termination, as well as certain other expenses of TPG. In connection with the IPO completed in June 2021, we paid TPG a $2.3 million termination fee. The termination fee is included within Selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). There was no amount payable to TPG as of December 31, 2021, or December 31, 2020.
129
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
EIR Partners Consulting Agreement
We have a Consulting Agreement with EIR Partners, LLC (“EIR”), a former member of the Company’s Board of Directors, and a current shareholder. Under the terms of the Consulting Agreement, EIR provides consulting services for the purpose of analyzing and reviewing potential sellers in the marketplace for the benefit of the Company as agreed to from time-to-time. As compensation for service, the Company remits to EIR $10 thousand monthly, plus reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of the duties under the Consulting Agreement. The Consulting Agreement may be terminated by either party upon providing 10 days advance written notice and unless terminated, automatically renews for additional terms of one year . For the year ended December 31, 2021, the year ended December 31, 2020, and the period from January 1, 2019 through September 3, 2019 (Predecessor), $0.1 million were paid for each period. For the period from Inception through December 31, 2019 (Successor), payment was immaterial. The Consulting Agreement is still active with the Company.
New Mountain Capital Advisory Agreement
On October 5, 2016, the Predecessor entered into an arrangement with New Mountain Capital, L.L.C. (“NMC”) to which NMC agreed to provide certain advisory services. Under the arrangement, we incurred management and consulting fees of $0.1 million from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 (Predecessor). The arrangement terminated September 4, 2019, upon the Merger.
NOTE 17. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On February 9, 2018, in order to focus on our Technology Enabled Solutions and Advisory Services, we announced a plan to abandon our Business Processing Outsourcing (“BPO”) unit which provided labor resources to fulfill a wide range of plan administration functions based on client requirements. All run-off operations of our BPO unit ceased in the first quarter of 2020. We abandoned the BPO unit as we were unable to sell the line due to competitive pricing and the ease of transition to competitors.
The operating results of our discontinued operations through the date of abandonment are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, 2020 | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Major line items constituting income from discontinued operations | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Service revenue | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations before provision for income taxes | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Provision expense (benefit) for income taxes | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
There were no
130
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| Year Ended December 31, 2020 | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | $ | $( | |||||||||||||||||
| Decrease in accounts receivable | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Decrease in deferred revenue | $ | $ | $( | |||||||||||||||||
There were no other significant operating or investing non-cash items for the year ended December 31, 2020, period from Inception through December 31, 2019 (Successor) and period from January 1, 2019 through September 3, 2019 (Predecessor).
NOTE 18. SEGMENT INFORMATION
ASC 280 establishes the standards for reporting information about segments in financial statements. In applying the criteria set forth in ASC 280, we have determined that we have two reportable segments: Technology Enabled Solutions and Advisory Services. These reportable segments reflect the manner in which the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) group assesses information for decision-making purposes. The CODM group consists of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
The key factors used to identify these reportable segments are the organization and alignment of our internal operations and the nature of our products and services. This reflects how the CODM group monitors performance, allocates resources, and makes strategic and operational decisions.
In addition to the reportable segments, we have the “Unallocated” classification which includes those profit and loss items not allocated to either reportable segment. Unallocated includes corporate costs, primarily relating to group wide functions, including but not limited to, finance, tax and legal.
There are no inter-segment sales that require elimination.
Information by Segment
We present reportable segment revenue and Segment Adjusted EBITDA. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is the financial measure by which management and the CODM group allocate resources and analyze the performance of the reportable segments.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA represents each segment’s earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization and is further adjusted to exclude certain items of a significant or unusual nature, including but not limited to, change in fair value of contingent consideration, COVID-19 cost impacts, consultant lower utilization due to COVID-19, sales and use tax, non-cash stock compensation, transaction related costs, acquisition bonus expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, director and officer prior act liability insurance policy and other costs. Other includes costs such as contract termination fees, management and board of directors fees, and arrangement fees paid to TPG in connection with obtaining the incremental term loans.
We do not report assets by reportable segment, as this metric is not used by the CODM group to allocate resources to the segments.
Presented in the tables below is revenue and Segment Adjusted EBITDA by reportable segment:
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Technology Enabled Solutions | Advisory Services | ||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Segment Adjusted EBITDA | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
131
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Technology Enabled Solutions | Advisory Services | ||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Segment Adjusted EBITDA | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 (Successor) | |||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Technology Enabled Solutions | Advisory Services | |||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Segment Adjusted EBITDA | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 (Predecessor) | |||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Technology Enabled Solutions | Advisory Services | |||||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Segment Adjusted EBITDA | $ | $ | |||||||||
132
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table presents a reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to the consolidated U.S. GAAP net income (loss) from continuing operations:
| (in thousands) | For the Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31, 2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology Enabled Solutions Segment Adjusted EBITDA | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advisory Services Segment Adjusted EBITDA | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unallocated(1) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile to U.S. GAAP net income (loss) from continuing operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax provision | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of contingent consideration | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of COVID-19(2) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consultant lower utilization due to COVID-19(3) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and use tax | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash stock compensation expense | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction related costs | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition bonus expense – HealthScape and Pareto acquisition | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Director and officer prior act liability insurance policy(4) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other(5) | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Represents certain corporate costs associated with the executive compensation, legal, accounting, finance and other costs not specifically attributable to the segments.
(2)Expenses incurred due to the COVID-19 pandemic include the following: $0 and $3.2 million for early hire of employees due to social distancing and work at home protocols for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively; $2.3 million and $2.9 million for higher pricing from vendors due to supply chain disruptions, product shortages and increases in shipping costs for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively; $0.8 million and $2.8 million for higher employee costs due to hazard pay for our employees, enhanced sick pay due to illness and quarantine protocols for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively; $0.5 million and $0.7 million for COVID-19 training, overtime, temporary resources, and IT costs due to the change in the work environment for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively; and $0.2 million and $0.5 million for janitorial costs due to enhanced COVID-19 protocols for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
(3)Consultant lower utilization due to COVID-19 reflects the decreased productivity of the Advisory segment in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. The average utilization for consultants in the Company’s Advisory Services segment declined during the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to pre-pandemic comparable periods. The utilization variance was multiplied by the average consultant cost to derive the cost absorbed by the Company. This change in utilization represents consultants’ idle time that otherwise would have been billed to clients if the consulting arrangements would have materialized. In addition, we chose not to reduce our headcount as we expected the lower utilization to be temporary in nature.
133
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(4)In connection with the IPO, we made a $7.9 million one-time payment on a 3-year director and officer prior act liability insurance policy. We deemed this policy to be a retroactive insurance policy and in accordance with ASC 720-20-25, “Retrospective Contracts”, we expensed the premium of $7.9 million in June 2021.
(5)These adjustments include individual adjustments related to legal fees associated with obtaining the incremental loans, contract termination costs assessed upon the early termination of a facility lease, severance costs incurred as a result of eliminating certain positions, management fees, management service agreement termination fee, certain revenue adjustments, professional fees incurred in the implementation of ASC 606, board of directors related fees, and consulting costs for the selection of our Enterprise Resource Planning solution.
NOTE 19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Acquisition
On January 9, 2022, Convey’s indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, D-M-S Holdings Parent, LLC (f/k/a Dragon Holdings Parent, LLC), a Delaware limited liability company (“Buyer”), entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Briggs Medical Service Company, a Delaware corporation (“Seller”), and D-M-S Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Target”), pursuant to which, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, Buyer has agreed to acquire from Seller all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Target (the acquisition of such capital stock, the “Acquisition”). Target provides a diverse portfolio of health, wellness and diagnostic products centered on home based care outcomes, and the Company intends to leverage the Target’s supply chain and logistics expertise to get high quality products to members faster and at a lower cost.
Pursuant to the terms set forth in the Purchase Agreement, Buyer will pay to Seller cash (i) upon consummation of the Acquisition, in an aggregate amount equal to $77,500,000 , subject to certain adjustments for, among other things, Target’s cash, indebtedness and net working capital (the “Closing Purchase Price”) and (ii) if the Target achieves certain amounts of net revenue in calendar year 2022, up to an additional $15,000,000 . A portion of the Closing Purchase Price will be deposited into an escrow account to be held by an escrow agent and released to Buyer or Seller, as applicable, following the final determination of any purchase price adjustment.
In connection with the Purchase Agreement, Buyer, as a wholly-owned subsidiary of CHS obtained debt financing commitments from Ares Capital Management LLC, PSP Investments Credit USA LLC and New Mountain Finance Advisers BDC, L.L.C. (in each case, acting through itself and/or its affiliates, the “Commitment Parties”) for the purpose of financing the Acquisition and paying fees and expenses related thereto. The Commitment Parties agreed to provide CHS with a first lien incremental term loan facility under CHS’s existing First Lien Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount of up to $78,000,000 , on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in a debt commitment letter.
On February 1, 2022, Buyer completed its acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Target. The Acquisition was consummated pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. The Company is currently working on the initial accounting of the Acquisition; as such, the purchase price allocation and valuation have not yet been completed and revenue and costs impacts have not yet been determined.
On February 1, 2022, CHS entered into Amendment No. 5 (“Amendment No. 5”), by and among CHS, as borrower, Ares Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the term lenders party thereto, to the First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of September 4, 2019, as amended to the date hereof (the “Credit Agreement”).
Amendment No. 5 amends the Credit Agreement to provide for, among other things, a first lien incremental term loan facility (the “2022 Incremental Term Loan Facility”) in an aggregate principal amount of $78,000,000 . The proceeds of the term loans borrowed under the 2022 Incremental Term Loan Facility (the “2022 Incremental Term Loans”) were used to finance the Acquisition (as defined above) and pay fees and expenses related thereto. The 2022 Incremental Term Loans will mature on September 4, 2026, will bear interest at an annual rate equal to, at the option of the Borrower, (i) the LIBOR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for the relevant interest period (subject to a floor of 0.75 % per annum) plus 4.75 % for Eurodollar Rate Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and (ii) a base rate plus 3.75 % for Base Rate Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement), and will amortize at a rate of 1.00 % per annum.
Current Market Volatility
Since December 31, 2021, the price of the Company’s common stock has declined. A sustained decrease in the price of the Company’s common stock is one of the qualitative factors to be considered as part of an impairment test when evaluating
134
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
135
SCHEDULE I - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC.
PARENT COMPANY ONLY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||||||||
| Investment in subsidiaries | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER’S EQUITY | ||||||||||||||
| Intercompany payables to subsidiaries | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Common stock, $ | ||||||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | ||||||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Total shareholder’s equity | ||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholder’s equity | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
See accompanying note to the condensed financial statements.
136
SCHEDULE I - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC. (SUCCESSOR)
CONVEY HEALTH PARENT, INC. (PREDECESSOR)
PARENT COMPANY ONLY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(in thousands)
| Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31,2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in other comprehensive income (loss) of subsidiaries | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying note to the condensed financial statements.
137
SCHEDULE I - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
CONVEY HEALTH SOLUTIONS HOLDINGS, INC. (SUCCESSOR)
CONVEY HEALTH PARENT, INC. (PREDECESSOR)
PARENT COMPANY ONLY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
| Years Ended December 31, | Period from Inception to December 31,2019 | Period from January 1, 2019 to September 3, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | (Successor) | (Predecessor) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment in subsidiaries | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nest cash used in investing activities | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from capitalization | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash investing and financial activities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued in exchange to Parent for the acquisitions | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying note to the condensed financial statements.
138
SCHEDULE I - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
Note to Registrant’s Condensed Financial Statements (Parent Company Only)
Basis of Presentation
These condensed parent company financial statements of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (Successor) and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Predecessor) have been prepared in accordance with Rule 12-04 of Regulation S-X, as the restricted net assets of the subsidiaries of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (Successor) and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Predecessor) exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (Successor) and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Predecessor) as stipulated by Rule 5-04, Section 1 from Regulation S-X.
The ability to pay dividends by subsidiaries of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (Successor) and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Predecessor) may be restricted due to the terms of the Credit Agreement, as described in Note 9. Credit Facility, in the consolidated financial statements.
These condensed parent company financial statements have been prepared using the same accounting principles and policies described in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, with the only exception being that Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (Successor) and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Predecessor) account for investments in their subsidiaries using the equity method. These condensed parent company financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this report.
139
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2021. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), means controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2021, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as a result of the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting described below, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2021.
Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) or an attestation report of our independent registered accounting firm due to a transition period established by rules of the SEC for newly public companies.
Previously Disclosed Material Weaknesses
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. As previously disclosed in our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-256370), we identified the following material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting:
•We did not design and maintain an effective control environment commensurate with the financial reporting requirements of an SEC registrant. Additionally, we did not design control activities to adequately address identified risks or operate at a sufficient level of precision that would identify material misstatements to our financial statements and did not design and maintain formal documentation of accounting policies and procedures nor did we maintain sufficient evidence to support the operation of key control procedures. Specifically, we did not design and maintain controls to ensure (i) the appropriate segregation of duties within our financial reporting function, including the preparation and review of journal entries and (ii) account reconciliations and balance sheet and income statement fluctuation analyses were reviewed at the appropriate level of precision.
•We also did not design and maintain effective controls over information technology (“IT”) general controls for information systems that are relevant to the preparation of our financial statements. Specifically, we did not design and maintain: (i) program change management controls to ensure that information technology program and data changes affecting financial IT applications and underlying accounting records are identified, tested, authorized and implemented appropriately; and (ii) user access controls to ensure appropriate segregation of duties and that adequately restrict user and privilege access to financial applications, programs, and data to appropriate Company personnel.
These IT deficiencies did not result in a material misstatement to the financial statements, however, the deficiencies, when aggregated, could impact maintaining effective segregation of duties, as well as the effectiveness of IT-dependent controls (such as automated controls that address the risk of material misstatement to one or more assertions, along with the IT controls and underlying data that support the effectiveness of system-generated data and reports) that could result in misstatements potentially impacting all financial statement accounts and disclosures that would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Accordingly, management has determined these deficiencies in the aggregate constitute material weaknesses.
140
These material weaknesses resulted in adjustments in our 2019 and 2020 financial statements primarily related to revenues recognized from contracts with customers that were recognized in the improper periods, the accrual of certain compensation related costs, and the misstatement of income tax benefit related to the treatment of certain deferred tax positions. The material weaknesses described above could result in misstatements of our account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weaknesses
With the oversight of the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, we have designed and are implementing a remediation plan to remediate the material weaknesses described above. Accordingly, our remediation activities include the following measures:
•We implemented in the first quarter of 2022 a new Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) system, Workday, to replace legacy and decentralized financial reporting systems. We have also standardized our account reconciliation and analysis process and will leverage our ERP implementation to centralize our controls over journal entries. In addition, we are in the process of refining appropriate segregation of duties and system access within our ERP and other relevant supporting systems.
•We have formalized several of our financial reporting policies and procedures and will continue to reflect evolution of business and the impact of the new ERP.
•Provide ongoing training for individuals involved with internal control over financial reporting.
We continue to monitor the effectiveness of our remediation efforts and will refine our remediation plan as appropriate. In addition, we report the progress and status of the above remediation efforts to the Audit Committee on a periodic basis. While we believe these efforts will improve our internal control over financial reporting and address the underlying causes of the material weaknesses, such material weaknesses will not be remediated until our remediation plan has been fully implemented, and we have concluded that our controls are operating effectively for a sufficient period of time.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
None.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Not applicable.
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this Item 10 will be included in our Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, with respect to our 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this Item 11 will be included in our Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC with respect to our 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this Item 12 will be included in our Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC with respect to our 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item 13 will be included in our Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC with respect to our 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
141
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by this Item 14 will be included in our Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC with respect to our 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
142
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
1. Financial statements:
See Index under Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
2. Financial Statement Schedules:
The Financial Statement Schedule listed in the Index to Financial Statements in Item 8 is filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
3. Exhibits:
The exhibits filed or furnished as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are set forth on the Exhibit Index below.
Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description | |||||||
Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Convey Holding Parent, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 21, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. on November 4, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Third Amended and Restated Bylaws of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. on November 4, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Description of Securities Registered Under Section 12 of the Exchange Act. | ||||||||
Stockholders Agreement, dated June 15, 2021, by and between Convey Holding Parent, Inc. and TPG Cannes Aggregation, L.P. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 21, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Registration Rights Agreement, dated June 15, 2021, by and among Convey Holding Parent, Inc., TPG Cannes Aggregation, L.P., Sharad S. Mansukani and Stephen C. Farrell (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 21, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Form of Indemnification Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 21, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
| Convey Holding Parent, Inc. 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 21, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Convey Holding Parent, Inc. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 21, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Form of Notice of Restricted Stock Unit Award Convey Holding Parent, Inc. 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of Form S-1/A, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 3, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
Form of Notice of Stock Option Award Convey Holding Parent, Inc. 2021 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of Form S-1/A, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 3, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of September 4, 2019, by and among Cannes CHS Merger Sub, Inc., Convey Health Solutions, Inc., Convey Health Parent, Inc., Ares Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and as collateral agent, SunTrust Bank, as priority revolving agent and as an issuing bank and a swing line lender, and the other lenders from time to time party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form S-1, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on May 21, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
143
Amendment No. 1 to First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of April 8, 2020, by and among Convey Health Solutions, Inc., Ares Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and as collateral agent, the lenders party thereto and, solely for the purposes set forth therein, Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form S-1, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on May 21, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
Amendment No. 2 to First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of February 12, 2021, by and among Convey Health Solutions, Inc., Ares Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and as collateral agent, the lenders party thereto and, solely for the purposes set forth therein, Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Form S-1, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on May 21, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
Amendment No. 3 to First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of April 27, 2021, by and among Convey Health Solutions, Inc., Ares Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and as collateral agent, the lenders party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of Form 10-Q, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on August 12, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Amendment No. 4 to First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of July 12, 2021, by and among Convey Health Solutions, Inc., as borrower, Ares Capital Corporation, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and, the term lenders party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K, filed by Convey Holding Parent Inc. on July 16, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Cannes Holding Parent, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of Form S-1, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on May 21, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
Form of Option Award Agreement Under the Cannes Holding Parent, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of Form S-1, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on May 21, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
Employment Agreement by and among Stephen C. Farrell, Convey Health Solutions, Inc. and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of Form S-1/A, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 3, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
Employment Agreement by and among Kyle Stern, Convey Health Solutions, Inc. and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 of Form S-1/A, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 3, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
| Employment Agreement by and among Arjun Aggarwal, Convey Health Solutions, Inc. and Convey Health Parent, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 of Form S-1/A, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 3, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
Carl Whitmer Board of Directors of Cannes Holding Parent, Inc. Invitation Letter (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 of Form S-1/A, filed by Convey Holding Parent, Inc. on June 3, 2021 (File No. 333-256370)). | ||||||||
Consulting Agreement by and between Arjun Aggarwal and HealthScape Advisors, LLC, effective as of August 2, 2021 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K/A, filed by Convey Holding Parent Inc. on August 6, 2021 (File No. 001-40506)). | ||||||||
Subsidiaries of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. | ||||||||
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. | ||||||||
| 24.1* | Power of attorney (included on the signature page to this Form 10-K). | |||||||
| Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ||||||||
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ||||||||
| Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ||||||||
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ||||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | |||||||
| 101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |||||||
| 101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |||||||
144
| 101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document (included in Exhibit 101) | |||||||
________________________
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
† Indicates management contract or compensatory plan.
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
None.
145
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc. | ||||||||
Date: March 23, 2022 | By: | /s/ Stephen C. Farrell | ||||||
| Name: Stephen C. Farrell | ||||||||
| Title: Chief Executive Officer and Director | ||||||||
Signatures and Powers of Attorney
Each of the undersigned officers and directors of Convey Health Solutions Holdings, Inc., hereby severally constitutes and appoints Stephen C. Farrell and Timothy Fairbanks, and each of them acting alone, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, and in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or either of them individually, or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature | Title | Date | |||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Stephen C. Farrell | Chief Executive Officer and Director | March 23, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Stephen C. Farrell | (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Timothy Fairbanks | Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President (Principal Financial Officer) | March 23, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Timothy Fairbanks | |||||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Susana E. Pichardo | Senior Vice President, Accounting | March 23, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Susana E. Pichardo | (Principal Accounting Officer) | ||||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Sharad S. Mansukani | Director | March 23, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Sharad S. Mansukani | |||||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Todd Sisitsky | Director | March 23, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Todd Sisitsky | |||||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Katherine Wood | Director | March 23, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Katherine Wood | |||||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ W. Carl Whitmer | Director | March 23, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
W. Carl Whitmer | |||||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Paul Campanelli | Director | March 23, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Paul Campanelli | |||||||||||||||||
146