Fair Value of Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

4. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following tables summarize the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments (in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements Using
	March 31, 2021		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	61,564	$	61,564	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	55,299	$	—	$	55,299		—
Commercial paper		60,462		—		60,462		—
U.S. Government securities		120,894		—		120,894		—
Total short-term investments		236,655		—		236,655		—
Total	$	298,219	$	61,564	$	236,655	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements Using
	December 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	94,631	$	94,631	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	48,614	$	—	$	48,614		—
Commercial paper		63,445		—		63,445		—
U.S. Government securities		106,162		—		106,162		—
Total short-term investments		218,221		—		218,221		—
Total	$	312,852	$	94,631	$	218,221	$	—

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist of the Company’s cash equivalents and short-term investments. Cash equivalents consisted of money market funds and short-term investments consisted of commercial paper, U.S. Government securities and corporate bonds. The Company obtains pricing information from its investment manager and generally determines the fair value of investment securities using standard observable inputs, including reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, and bids and/or offers.

Investments are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy if their quoted prices are available in active markets for identical securities. Investments in money market funds of $61.6 million and $94.6 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, were classified as Level 1 instruments and were included in cash and cash equivalents.

Investments in marketable securities are valued using Level 2 inputs. Level 2 securities are initially valued at the transaction price and subsequently valued and reported upon utilizing inputs other than quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly, such as quotes from third-party pricing vendors. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs, which utilize data points that are observable such as quoted prices, interest rates and yield curves, require the exercise of judgment and use of estimates, that if changed, could significantly affect the Company’s financial position and results of operations. The marketable securities of $236.7 million and $218.2 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, were classified as Level 2 instruments and were included in short-term investments. Accrued interest receivable related to short-term investments were $0.8 million and $1.1 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and included as part of prepaid expenses and other current assets in the balance sheets.

The following tables summarize the Company’s short-term investments accounted for as available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

		March 31, 2021
	Maturity (in years)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Gains		Estimated Fair Value
Corporate debt securities	1 year or less	$	55,308	$	(12	)	$	3	$	55,299
Commercial paper	1 year or less		60,462		—			—		60,462
U.S. Government securities	1 year or less		120,851					43		120,894
Total		$	236,621	$	(12	)	$	46	$	236,655

		December 31, 2020
	Maturity (in years)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Losses			Unrealized Gains		Estimated Fair Value
Corporate debt securities	1 year or less	$	48,616	$	(6	)	$	4	$	48,614
Commercial paper	1 year or less		63,445		—			—		63,445
U.S. Government securities	1 year or less		106,157		(7	)		12	$	106,162
Total		$	218,218	$	(13	)	$	16	$	218,221

The Company has classified all of its available-for-sale investment securities as current assets on the balance sheet based on the highly liquid nature of these investment securities and because these investment securities are considered available for use in current operations.

The Company considers whether unrealized losses have resulted from a credit loss or other factors. The unrealized losses on the Company’s available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were caused by fluctuations in market value and interest rates as a result of the economic environment. The Company concluded that an allowance for credit losses was unnecessary as of March 31, 2021 and that there were no impairments as of December 31, 2020. It is neither management’s intention to sell nor is it more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these investments prior to recovery of their cost basis or recovery of fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive income.

There was no realized gain or loss on available-for-sale securities in the periods presented. The Company uses the specific identification method to determine the cost basis of investments sold.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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