Environmental rehabilitation obligation and other provisions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Provision for decommissioning, restoration and rehabilitation costs [abstract]

Schedule of assumptions used to calculate provision

These provisions are calculated using the following assumptions:
	Inflation rate	Discount rate	Discount period
2022
SA gold operations	6.5%	7.8% – 11.5%	1 – 22 years
SA PGM operations	6.5%	7.8% – 11.6%	1 – 49 years
US PGM operations	4.0%	4.0%	31 – 43 years
Battery metals	2.5%	3.3%	24 years
2021
SA gold operations	6.0%	5.1% – 10.6%	1 – 24 years
SA PGM operations	6.0%	5.1% – 10.6%	1 – 50 years
US PGM operations	2.0%	1.9%	35 – 40 years
2020
SA gold operations	6.0%	4.0% – 10.9%	1 – 21 years
SA PGM operations	6.0%	4.0% – 10.8%	1 – 32 years
US PGM operations	2.0%	1.5% – 1.7%	24 – 38 years

Schedule of environmental rehabilitation obligation activity

Figures in million - SA rand	Notes	2022	2021	2020
Balance at beginning of the year		8,263	8,634	8,715
Interest charge	5.2	611	615	684
Utilisation of environmental rehabilitation obligation1		(236)	(236)	(97)
Change in estimates charged to profit or loss2		(183)	(178)	(375)
Change in estimates capitalised2		(85)	(638)	(318)
Environmental rehabilitation obligation on acquisition of subsidiaries	16.2	97	—	—
Foreign currency translation		85	66	25
Balance at end of the year		8,552	8,263	8,634
Environmental rehabilitation obligation and other provisions consists of:
Environmental rehabilitation obligation		8,435	8,146	8,517
Other provisions		117	117	117
Environmental rehabilitation obligation and other provisions		8,552	8,263	8,634

1 The cost of ongoing current programmes to prevent and control environmental disturbances, including reclamation activities, is charged to cost of sales as incurred

2 Changes in estimates result from changes in reserves and corresponding changes in life-of-mine, changes in discount rates, changes in closure cost estimates and changes in laws and regulations governing environmental matters