The Company and Its Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
The Company and Its Significant Accounting Policies	THE COMPANY AND ITS SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Bill.com, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Delaware in April 2006. Bill.com Holdings, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Delaware in August 2018 (and renamed BILL Holdings, Inc. in February 2023). In November 2018, Bill.com, Inc. consummated a reorganization with BILL Holdings, Inc., resulting in the latter becoming the parent entity of Bill.com, Inc. BILL Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company”. The Company is a provider of software-as-a-service, cloud-based payments, and spend and expense management products, which allow users to automate accounts payable and accounts receivable transactions, enable businesses to easily connect with their suppliers and/or customers to do business, eliminate expense reports, manage cash flows, and improve back-office efficiency. Follow-on Offering On September 24, 2021, the Company closed a public offering in which the Company issued and sold a total of 5,073,529 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $272.00 per share. The Company received $1.3 billion in net proceeds from this public offering, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and other offering costs of $38.9 million. Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and were prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Reclassification Certain accounts in the prior period consolidated statements of operation and consolidated statements of cash flows were reclassified to conform with the current year presentation. Segment Reporting The Company operates as one operating segment because its chief operating decision maker, who is the Chief Executive Officer, reviews its financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of making decisions regarding allocating resources and assessing performance. The Company's long-lived assets are mainly located in the United States (U.S.) and revenue is mainly generated in the U.S. Long-lived assets outside the U.S. was zero and not material as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Total revenue from external customers outside of the U.S. was less than 3% of consolidated total revenue during each of the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022. Business Combinations The Company accounts for acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of the identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed involves assessments of factors such as the expected future cash flows associated with individual assets and liabilities and appropriate discount rates at the date of the acquisition. Significant management inputs used in the estimation of fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed include, but are not limited to, expected future cash flows, future changes in technology, estimated replacement costs, discount rates, and assumptions about the period of time the brand will continue to be used in the Company’s product portfolio. Where appropriate, external advisers are consulted to assist in the determination of fair value. For non-observable market values, fair value has been determined using acceptable valuation methods (e.g., relief from royalty methods). The results of operations for businesses acquired are included in the financial statements from the acquisition date. Acquisition-related expenses and post-acquisition integration costs are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, the Company may record adjustments to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including the fair value of acquired intangible assets, an indemnification asset related to certain assumed liabilities, net lease liabilities, uncertain tax positions, tax-related valuation allowances, and pre-acquisition contingencies with a corresponding offset to goodwill. The Company continues to collect information and reevaluates these estimates and assumptions quarterly and records any adjustments to the Company’s preliminary estimates to goodwill provided that the Company is within the measurement period. After the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make various estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Management regularly assesses these estimates, including, but not limited to useful lives of long-lived assets; capitalization of internal-use software costs; the estimate of expected credit losses on accounts receivable, acquired card receivables, and loans held for investment; accrual for rewards; benefit periods used to amortize deferred costs; reserve for losses on funds held for customers; and valuation of deferred tax assets. The Company evaluates these estimates and assumptions and adjusts them accordingly. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to the consolidated financial statements. Funds Held for Customers and Customer Fund Deposits Funds held for customers and the corresponding liability on customer fund deposits represent funds that are collected from customers for payments to their suppliers and funds that are collected on behalf of customers. Generally, these funds held for customers are initially deposited in separate bank accounts until remitted to the customers’ suppliers or to the customers. Funds held for customers also include amounts that are held by or deposited into the accounts of payment processing companies and receivables from customers. The funds held for customers are restricted for the purpose of satisfying the customers’ fund obligations and are not available for general business use by the Company. The Company partially invests funds held for customers in highly liquid investments, which include money market funds and marketable debt securities with maturities of three months or less, as well as marketable debt securities with maturities ranging from more than three months up to thirty-seven months at the time of purchase based on the effective maturity date. Funds held for customers that are invested in marketable debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. These investments are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets and as a component of the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Company contractually earns interest on funds held for customers with associated counterparties. Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in banks, highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase. Restricted cash consists of (i) amounts restricted under deposit account control agreements, (ii) minimum cash balances that are required to be maintained by certain banks, (iii) cash collateral required by the Company’s lessors to satisfy letter of credit requirements under its lease agreements, (iv) cash collateral required by a bank in connection with the Company’s money transmission activities, and (v) cash in bank and cash deposits held by payment processing companies included in funds held for customers. Restricted cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase that are included in funds held for customers. Except for the restricted cash included in funds held for customers, the current and non-current portion of the restricted cash is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and in other assets, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Short–term Investments The Company invests excess cash in a diversified portfolio of highly rated marketable debt securities with maturities of more than three months. These securities are classified as available-for-sale and recorded at fair value. The Company determines the appropriate classification of investments in marketable debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation at each balance sheet date. After consideration of risk versus reward attributes and liquidity requirements, the Company may sell these debt securities prior to their stated maturities. As the Company views these securities as available to support current operations, including those with maturities beyond 12 months, and therefore classifies these securities as current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized gains or losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets and as a component of the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. If the estimated fair value of an available-for-sale debt security is below its amortized cost basis, then the Company evaluates for impairment. The Company considers its intent to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized basis. If either of these criteria are met, the debt security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. If neither of these criteria are met, the Company evaluates whether unrealized losses have resulted from a credit loss or other factors. When a credit loss exists, the Company compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security with the amortized cost basis of the security to determine what allowance amount, if any, should be recorded. An impairment relating to credit losses is recorded through an allowance for credit losses reported in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. The allowance is limited by the amount that the fair value of the debt security is below its amortized cost basis. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, acquired card receivables and loans held for investment (collectively referred to as Financial Assets). The Company maintains its cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted cash equivalents and short-term investments with large multinational financial institutions that may at times exceed federally insured limits. Management believes that the financial institutions with which the Company does business are financially sound with minimal credit risk. Management further believes the associated risk of concentration for the Company’s investments is mitigated by holding a diversified portfolio of highly rated investments consisting of money market funds and short-term debt securities. The Company performs credit evaluations to verify the credit quality of its Financial Assets and determine any at-risk receivables. As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the allowance for expected credit losses related to accounts receivable, acquired card receivables and loans held for investment totaled approximately $25.8 million and $15.9 million, respectively. These amounts do not include the immaterial allowance for expected credit losses on the card receivables that have been authorized but not cleared at the end of the periods (see Note 15). There were no customers that exceeded 10% of the Company’s total revenue during each of the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022. Foreign Currency The functional currency of the Company's foreign subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar, which is the Company's reporting currency. Gains and losses from the remeasurement of transactions denominated in foreign currencies other than the functional currency of the foreign subsidiaries are included in other income (expense), net in the accompanying statements of operations Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenue Accounts receivable, which consist primarily of fees from customers, including accounting firm and financial institution customers, are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of an allowance for expected credit losses. Unbilled revenue is recorded based on amounts that the Company expects to invoice to customers in the subsequent period. The allowance for expected credit losses related to accounts receivable and unbilled revenue is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of the receivables. The Company regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for expected credit losses by considering the age of each outstanding invoice and the collection history of each customer to determine whether a specific allowance is appropriate. Accounts receivable deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for expected credit losses when identified. For all periods presented, the allowance for expected credit losses related to accounts receivable and unbilled revenue was not material. Loans Held for Investment Loans held for investment represent funds advanced under either a term loan or line of credit agreement, through a partnership with a third-party bank (the Originating Bank Partner) in connection with the Company's invoice financing product, with each invoice financed having a repayment term of 12 months. The Company purchases loans or lines of credit draws from the Originating Bank Partner pursuant to the terms outlined in the loan sale agreement between the Company and the Originating Bank Partner. The undrawn lines of credit are unconditionally cancellable. Loans that the Company has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are classified as held for investment and are initially recognized at their purchase price and subsequently reported at amortized cost. The loans held for investment are recorded net of the allowance for expected credit losses. The Company accretes discount and interest income using the effective interest method over the life of the loan. Accretion of discount and interest income on these loans is included in subscription and transaction fees revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally one to four years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of estimated useful lives of the assets or the lease term. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Upon disposition, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company capitalizes internal and external direct costs incurred related to obtaining or developing internal-use software. Costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized and are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the software, generally three years commencing on the first day of the month following when the software is ready for its intended use. Costs related to planning and other preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Acquired Card Receivables The portfolio of acquired card receivables consists of U.S. based commercial accounts diversified across various geographies and industries. The Company manages credit risk based on common risk characteristics including financial condition of the users of the spend and expense management application. Acquired card receivables are reported at their principal amounts outstanding net of allowance for expected credit losses and represent a revolving line of credit. The undrawn lines of credit are unconditionally cancellable. Acquired card receivables are deemed to be held for investment when such receivables are not acquired specifically for resale. As part of the onboarding process, users of the Company’s free spend and expense management application are provided with a credit limit subject to a credit policy and underwriting process which is periodically re-performed based on risk indicators and the size of the credit limit. Spending businesses may over fund their accounts through payments in excess of the outstanding balance. Such over funded amounts are recorded as prepaid card deposits, which are included in other accruals and current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Acquired card receivables represent amounts due on card transactions integrated with the spend and expense management application. The Company is contractually obligated to purchase a 100% participation interest in all card receivables from U.S.-based card issuing banks (Issuing Banks) including authorized transactions that have not cleared at the Issuing Banks. Acquired card receivables are recorded at the time a transaction clears at the Issuing Banks and generally payment for the card receivables is made on the day the transaction clears at the Issuing Banks. The acquired card receivables portfolio consists of a large group of smaller balances from spending businesses across a wide range of industries. The allowance for expected credit losses reflects the Company’s estimate of uncollectible balances resulting from credit losses and is based on the determination of the amount of expected credit losses inherent in the acquired card receivables as of the reporting date. An estimate of lifetime expected credit losses is performed by incorporating historical loss experience, as well as current and future economic conditions over a reasonable and supportable period beyond the balance sheet date. In estimating expected credit losses, the Company uses models that entail a significant amount of judgment. The primary areas of judgment used in measuring the quantitative components of the Company’s reserves relate to the attributes used to segment the portfolio, the determination of the historical loss experience look-back period, and the weighting of historical loss experience by monthly cohort. The Company uses these models and assumptions to determine the reserve rates applicable to the outstanding acquired card receivables balances to estimate reserves for expected credit losses. Based on historical loss experience, the probability of default decreases over time, therefore the attribute used to segment the portfolio is the length of time since an account’s credit limit origination. The Company’s models use past loss experience to estimate the probability of default and exposure at default by aged balances. The Company also estimates the likelihood and magnitude of recovery of previously charged-off loans based on historical recovery experience. Additionally, management evaluates whether to include qualitative reserves to cover credit losses that are expected but may not be adequately represented by the quantitative methodology or the economic assumptions. The qualitative reserves address possible limitations within the models or factors not included within the models, such as external conditions, changes in underwriting strategies, the nature and volume of the portfolio, and the volume and severity of past due accounts. In general, acquired card receivables are charged-off after substantially the entire balance becomes 120 days delinquent. Assumptions regarding expected losses are reviewed periodically and may be impacted by actual performance of the acquired card receivables and changes in any of the factors discussed above. As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the allowance for expected credit losses on acquired card receivables shown on the consolidated balance sheets totaled $20.9 million and $15.5 million, respectively. These amounts do not include the immaterial allowance for expected credit losses on card receivables that have been authorized but not cleared at the end of the periods (see Note 15). Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of the acquisition over the net fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill amounts are not amortized. Intangible Assets The Company generally recognizes assets for customer relationships, developed technology and finite-lived trade names from an acquisition. Finite-lived intangible assets are carried at acquisition cost less accumulated amortization. Such amortization is recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally from three to ten years. Amortization for developed technology is recognized in cost of revenue. Amortization for customer relationships and trade names is recognized in sales and marketing expenses. Impairment Goodwill is tested annually at the reporting unit level for impairment during the fourth fiscal quarter or more frequently if facts or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable. The Company has one reporting unit; therefore, all of its goodwill is associated with the entire company. Management has the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company is less than the carrying amount, including goodwill. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company is less than the carrying amount, a quantitative assessment is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The Company also has the option to bypass the qualitative assessment and perform the quantitative assessment. The Company reviews the valuation of long-lived assets, including property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. The recoverability of long-lived assets or asset groups is calculated based on the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Impairment testing is performed at the asset group level. Based on management's assessment, the Company did not recognize any impairment losses on its goodwill, finite-lived intangible assets or other long-lived assets during the periods presented herein. Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, by evaluating whether there is an identified asset and whether the Company controls the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use. The Company determines the classification of the lease, whether operating or financing, at the lease commencement date, which is the date the leased assets are made available for use. The Company uses the non-cancelable lease term when recognizing the ROU assets and lease liabilities, unless it is reasonably certain that a renewal or termination option will be exercised. The Company accounts for lease components and non-lease components as a single lease component. Modifications are assessed to determine whether incremental differences result in new contract terms and accounted for as a new lease or whether the additional right of use should be included in the original lease and continue to be accounted with the remaining ROU asset. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Lease payments consist of the fixed payments under the arrangement, less any lease incentives. Variable costs, such as common area maintenance costs, are not included in the measurement of the ROU assets and lease liabilities, but are expensed as incurred. As the implicit rate of the leases is not determinable, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of the lease payments. Lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company does not recognize ROU assets on lease arrangements with a term of 12 months or less. Lease expense for such arrangements is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Accrued Rewards Spending businesses participate in rewards programs based on card transactions. The Company records a rewards liability that represents the estimated cost for rewards owed to spending businesses. Rewards liabilities are impacted over time by redemption costs and by spending businesses meeting eligibility requirements. Changes in the rewards liabilities during the period are recognized as an increase or decrease to sales and marketing expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The accrued rewards liability, which was $67.7 million and $55.4 million as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is included in other accruals and current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The rewards expense, which was $219.8 million, $173.9 million, and $95.2 million, during the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, is included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Revenue Recognition The Company enters into contracts with small and midsize businesses (SMB) and accounting firm customers to provide access to the functionality of the Company’s cloud-based payments platform to process transactions. These contracts are either monthly contracts paid in arrears or upfront, or annual arrangements paid up front. The Company charges its SMB and accounting firm customers subscription fees for access to its platform either based on the number of users or per customer account and the level of service. The Company generally also charges these customers transaction fees based on transaction volume and the category of transaction. The contractual price for subscription and transaction services is based on either negotiated fees or the rates published on the Company’s website. The Company accounts for its annual and monthly contracts as a series of distinct services that are satisfied over time. Revenues recognized exclude amounts collected on behalf of third parties, such as sales taxes collected and remitted to governmental authorities. The Company enables SMB and accounting firm customers to make virtual card payments to their suppliers. The Company also facilitates the extension of credit to spending businesses through the BILL Spend and Expense product in the form of BILL Divvy Corporate Cards. The spending businesses utilize the credit on BILL Divvy Corporate Cards as a means of payment for goods and services provided by their suppliers. Virtual card payments and BILL Divvy Corporate Cards are originated through agreements with Issuing Banks. The agreements with the Issuing Banks allow for card transactions on the MasterCard and Visa networks. For each virtual card and BILL Divvy Corporate Card transaction, suppliers are required to pay interchange fees to the issuer of the card. Based on the Company's agreements with its Issuing Banks, the Company recognizes the interchange fees as revenue gross or net of rebates received from the Issuing Bank based on the Company's determination of whether it is the principal or agent under the agreements. The Company enters into multi-year contracts with financial institution customers to provide access to the Company’s cloud-based payments platform to process transactions. These contracts typically include fees for initial implementation services that are paid during the period the implementation services are provided as well as fees for subscription and transaction processing services, which are subject to guaranteed monthly minimum fees that are paid monthly over the contract term. These contracts enable the financial institutions to provide their customers with access to online bill pay services through the financial institutions’ online platforms. Implementation services are required up-front to establish an infrastructure that allows the financial institutions’ online platforms to communicate with the Company’s online platform. A financial institution’s customers cannot access online bill pay services until implementation is complete. Initial implementation services and transaction processing services are not capable of being distinct from the subscription for online bill pay services and are combined into a single performance obligation. The total consideration in these contracts varies based on the number of users and transactions to be processed. The Company has determined it meets the variable consideration allocation exception and therefore recognizes guaranteed monthly payments and any overages as revenue in the month they are earned. Implementation fees are recognized based on the proportion of transactions processed to the total estimated transactions to be processed over the contract period. The Company allocates revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Interest on Funds Held for Customers The Company also earns revenue from interest earned on funds held for customers that are initially deposited into the Company’s bank accounts that are separate from the Company’s operating cash accounts until remitted to the customers or their suppliers. The Company partially invests funds held for customers in highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less and in marketable debt securities with maturities of three months to one year at the time of purchase. Interest and fees earned are recognized based on the effective interest method and also include the accretion of discounts and the amortization of premiums on marketable debt securities. Deferred Revenue Subscription and transaction fees from customers for which the Company has annual or multi-year contracts are generally billed in advance. These fees are initially recorded as deferred revenue and subsequently recognized as revenue as the performance obligation is satisfied. Deferred Costs Deferred costs consist of (i) deferred sales commissions that are incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts and (ii) deferred service costs, primarily direct payroll costs, for implementation services provided to customers prior to the launching of the Company’s products for general availability (go-live) to customers. Sales commissions paid on renewals are not material and are not commensurate with sales commissions paid on the initial contract. Deferred sales commissions are amortized ratably over the estimated life of the customer relationship aligned with the pattern of customer attrition, taking into consideration the initial contract term and expected renewal periods. Deferred service costs are amortized ratably over the estimated benefit period of the capitalized costs starting on the go-live date of the service. Service Costs Service costs consist primarily of personnel-related costs, including stock-based compensation, for the Company’s customer success and payment operations teams, costs that are directly attributed to processing customers’ and spending businesses' transactions (such as the cost of printing checks, postage for mailing checks, fees associated with the issuance and processing of card transactions, fees for processing payments), outsourced support services for the Company's customer success team, direct and amortized costs for implementing and integrating the Company’s cloud-based platform into the customers’ systems, and cloud payments infrastructure costs. Research and Development Costs incurred in research and development, excluding development costs eligible for capitalization as internal-use software, are expensed as incurred. Stock-based Compensation The Company measures stock-based compensation for stock options and purchase rights issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) at fair value on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company measures stock-based compensation for restricted stock units (RSUs) and market-based RSUs based on the closing price of the Company’s stock and using the Monte Carlo simulation model, respectively, on the date of grant. The Company measures stock-based compensation for performance-based awards at fair value on the date of grant. Awards that are classified as liabilities are remeasured at fair value at the end of each reporting period. The Company recognizes compensation on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting term of four years for stock options and RSUs, the offering period of one year for purchase rights under the ESPP, and the requisite period of one to three years for market-based RSUs. The Company recognizes compensation for performance-based awards over the vesting period if it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. Advertising The Company expenses the costs of advertising, including promotional expenses, as incurred. Advertising expenses during the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022 were $43.6 million, $39.0 million, and $29.4 million, respectively. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities, net operating loss (NOL), and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. The Company classifies any liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits as current to the extent that the Company anticipates payment (or receipt) of cash within one year. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized in the provision for income taxes. Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration of potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same as basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for all periods presented since the effect of potentially dilutive securities is anti-dilutive given the net loss of the Company. Restructuring The Company records a liability for involuntary employee termination benefits when management has committed to a plan that establishes the terms of the arrangement and that plan has been communicated to employees. Costs to terminate a contract before the end of the term are recognized on the termination date, and costs that will continue to be incurred in a contract for the remaining term without economic benefit are recognized as of the cease-use date. New Accounting Pronouncements and Disclosure Rules Not Yet Adopted In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, Reportable Segments (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which expands annual and interim disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses, including public entities with a single operating or reportable segment. The updated standard is effective for the Company's annual periods beginning in fiscal 2025 and interim periods beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2026. Early adoption is permitted. This ASU will result in the required additional disclosures being included in the consolidated financial statements retrospectively, to all periods presented, once adopted. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The updated standard will be effective for annual periods beginning in fiscal 2026. This ASU will result in the required additional disclosures being included in the consolidated financial statements, once adopted. In March 2024, the SEC adopted final rules related to climate-related disclosures in SEC Release No. 33-11275: The Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors. In April 2024, the SEC issued an order to stay the effectiveness of the rules pending the completion of judicial review of multiple petitions challenging the rules. To the extent the rules become effective, they will require registrants to disclose certain climate-related information in registration statements and annual reports. The disclosure requirements, as initially adopted, would apply for annual periods beginning in fiscal 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the final rules to determine their impact on the Company's Annual Reports on Form 10-K.

The Company and Its Significant Accounting Policies

Bill.com, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Delaware in April 2006. Bill.com Holdings, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Delaware in August 2018 (and renamed BILL Holdings, Inc. in February 2023). In November 2018, Bill.com, Inc. consummated a reorganization with BILL Holdings, Inc., resulting in the latter becoming the parent entity of Bill.com, Inc. BILL Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company”.

The Company is a provider of software-as-a-service, cloud-based payments, and spend and expense management products, which allow users to automate accounts payable and accounts receivable transactions, enable businesses to easily connect with their suppliers and/or customers to do business, eliminate expense reports, manage cash flows, and improve back-office efficiency.

On September 24, 2021, the Company closed a public offering in which the Company issued and sold a total of 5,073,529 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $272.00 per share. The Company received $1.3 billion in net proceeds from this public offering, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and other offering costs of $38.9 million.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and were prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Certain accounts in the prior period consolidated statements of operation and consolidated statements of cash flows were reclassified to conform with the current year presentation.

The Company operates as one operating segment because its chief operating decision maker, who is the Chief Executive Officer, reviews its financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of making decisions regarding allocating resources and assessing performance. The Company's long-lived assets are mainly located in the United States (U.S.) and revenue is mainly generated in the U.S. Long-lived assets outside the U.S. was zero and not material as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Total revenue from external customers outside of the U.S. was less than 3% of consolidated total revenue during each of the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022.

Business Combinations

The Company accounts for acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of the identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill.

The determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed involves assessments of factors such as the expected future cash flows associated with individual assets and liabilities and appropriate discount rates at the date of the acquisition. Significant management inputs used in the estimation of fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed include, but are not limited to, expected future cash flows, future changes in technology, estimated replacement costs, discount rates, and assumptions about the period of time the brand will continue to be used in the Company’s product portfolio. Where appropriate, external advisers are

consulted to assist in the determination of fair value. For non-observable market values, fair value has been determined using acceptable valuation methods (e.g., relief from royalty methods). The results of operations for businesses acquired are included in the financial statements from the acquisition date. Acquisition-related expenses and post-acquisition integration costs are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, the Company may record adjustments to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including the fair value of acquired intangible assets, an indemnification asset related to certain assumed liabilities, net lease liabilities, uncertain tax positions, tax-related valuation allowances, and pre-acquisition contingencies with a corresponding offset to goodwill. The Company continues to collect information and reevaluates these estimates and assumptions quarterly and records any adjustments to the Company’s preliminary estimates to goodwill provided that the Company is within the measurement period. After the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make various estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Management regularly assesses these estimates, including, but not limited to useful lives of long-lived assets; capitalization of internal-use software costs; the estimate of expected credit losses on accounts receivable, acquired card receivables, and loans held for investment; accrual for rewards; benefit periods used to amortize deferred costs; reserve for losses on funds held for customers; and valuation of deferred tax assets. The Company evaluates these estimates and assumptions and adjusts them accordingly. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to the consolidated financial statements.

Funds Held for Customers and Customer Fund Deposits

Funds held for customers and the corresponding liability on customer fund deposits represent funds that are collected from customers for payments to their suppliers and funds that are collected on behalf of customers. Generally, these funds held for customers are initially deposited in separate bank accounts until remitted to the customers’ suppliers or to the customers. Funds held for customers also include amounts that are held by or deposited into the accounts of payment processing companies and receivables from customers. The funds held for customers are restricted for the purpose of satisfying the customers’ fund obligations and are not available for general business use by the Company. The Company partially invests funds held for customers in highly liquid investments, which include money market funds and marketable debt securities with maturities of three months or less, as well as marketable debt securities with maturities ranging from more than three months up to thirty-seven months at the time of purchase based on the effective maturity date. Funds held for customers that are invested in marketable debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. These investments are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets and as a component of the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Company contractually earns interest on funds held for customers with associated counterparties.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in banks, highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase.

Restricted cash consists of (i) amounts restricted under deposit account control agreements, (ii) minimum cash balances that are required to be maintained by certain banks, (iii) cash collateral required by the Company’s lessors to satisfy letter of credit requirements under its lease agreements, (iv) cash collateral required by a bank in connection with the Company’s money transmission activities, and (v) cash in bank and cash deposits held by payment processing companies included in funds held for customers.

Restricted cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase that are included in funds held for customers.

Except for the restricted cash included in funds held for customers, the current and non-current portion of the restricted cash is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and in other assets, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Short–term Investments

The Company invests excess cash in a diversified portfolio of highly rated marketable debt securities with maturities of more than three months. These securities are classified as available-for-sale and recorded at fair value. The Company determines the appropriate classification of investments in marketable debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation at each balance sheet date. After consideration of risk versus reward attributes and liquidity requirements, the Company may sell these debt securities prior to their stated maturities. As the Company views these securities as available to support current operations, including those with maturities beyond 12 months, and therefore classifies these securities as current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized gains or losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated balance sheets and as a component of the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. If the estimated fair value of an available-for-sale debt security is below its amortized cost basis, then the Company evaluates for impairment. The Company considers its intent to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized basis. If either of these criteria are met, the debt security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. If neither of these criteria are met, the Company evaluates whether unrealized losses have resulted from a credit loss or other factors. When a credit loss exists, the Company compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security with the amortized cost basis of the security to determine what allowance amount, if any, should be recorded. An impairment relating to credit losses is recorded through an allowance for credit losses reported in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. The allowance is limited by the amount that the fair value of the debt security is below its amortized cost basis.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, acquired card receivables and loans held for investment (collectively referred to as Financial Assets). The Company maintains its cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted cash equivalents and short-term investments with large multinational financial institutions that may at times exceed federally insured limits. Management believes that the financial institutions with which the Company does business are financially sound with minimal credit risk. Management further believes the associated risk of concentration for the Company’s investments is mitigated by holding a diversified portfolio of highly rated investments consisting of money market funds and short-term debt securities.

The Company performs credit evaluations to verify the credit quality of its Financial Assets and determine any at-risk receivables. As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the allowance for expected credit losses related to accounts receivable, acquired card receivables and loans held for investment totaled approximately $25.8 million and $15.9 million, respectively. These amounts do not include the immaterial allowance for expected credit losses on the card receivables that have been authorized but not cleared at the end of the periods (see Note 15).

There were no customers that exceeded 10% of the Company’s total revenue during each of the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022.

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Revenue

Accounts receivable, which consist primarily of fees from customers, including accounting firm and financial institution customers, are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of an allowance for expected credit losses. Unbilled revenue is recorded based on amounts that the Company expects to invoice to customers in the subsequent period. The allowance for expected credit losses related to accounts receivable and unbilled

revenue is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of the receivables. The Company regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for expected credit losses by considering the age of each outstanding invoice and the collection history of each customer to determine whether a specific allowance is appropriate. Accounts receivable deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for expected credit losses when identified. For all periods presented, the allowance for expected credit losses related to accounts receivable and unbilled revenue was not material.

Loans Held for Investment

Loans held for investment represent funds advanced under either a term loan or line of credit agreement, through a partnership with a third-party bank (the Originating Bank Partner) in connection with the Company's invoice financing product, with each invoice financed having a repayment term of 12 months. The Company purchases loans or lines of credit draws from the Originating Bank Partner pursuant to the terms outlined in the loan sale agreement between the Company and the Originating Bank Partner. The undrawn lines of credit are unconditionally cancellable. Loans that the Company has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are classified as held for investment and are initially recognized at their purchase price and subsequently reported at amortized cost. The loans held for investment are recorded net of the allowance for expected credit losses.

The Company accretes discount and interest income using the effective interest method over the life of the loan. Accretion of discount and interest income on these loans is included in subscription and transaction fees revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally one to four years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of estimated useful lives of the assets or the lease term. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Upon disposition, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.

The Company capitalizes internal and external direct costs incurred related to obtaining or developing internal-use software. Costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized and are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the software, generally three years commencing on the first day of the month following when the software is ready for its intended use. Costs related to planning and other preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred.

Acquired Card Receivables

The portfolio of acquired card receivables consists of U.S. based commercial accounts diversified across various geographies and industries. The Company manages credit risk based on common risk characteristics including financial condition of the users of the spend and expense management application.

Acquired card receivables are reported at their principal amounts outstanding net of allowance for expected credit losses and represent a revolving line of credit. The undrawn lines of credit are unconditionally cancellable. Acquired card receivables are deemed to be held for investment when such receivables are not acquired specifically for resale.

As part of the onboarding process, users of the Company’s free spend and expense management application are provided with a credit limit subject to a credit policy and underwriting process which is periodically re-performed based on risk indicators and the size of the credit limit.

Spending businesses may over fund their accounts through payments in excess of the outstanding balance. Such over funded amounts are recorded as prepaid card deposits, which are included in other accruals and current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Acquired card receivables represent amounts due on card transactions integrated with the spend and expense management application. The Company is contractually obligated to purchase a 100% participation interest in all card receivables from U.S.-based card issuing banks (Issuing Banks) including authorized transactions that have not cleared at the Issuing Banks. Acquired card receivables are recorded at the time a transaction clears at the Issuing Banks and generally payment for the card receivables is made on the day the transaction clears at the Issuing Banks.

The acquired card receivables portfolio consists of a large group of smaller balances from spending businesses across a wide range of industries. The allowance for expected credit losses reflects the Company’s estimate of uncollectible balances resulting from credit losses and is based on the determination of the amount of expected credit losses inherent in the acquired card receivables as of the reporting date. An estimate of lifetime expected credit losses is performed by incorporating historical loss experience, as well as current and future economic conditions over a reasonable and supportable period beyond the balance sheet date. In estimating expected credit losses, the Company uses models that entail a significant amount of judgment. The primary areas of judgment used in measuring the quantitative components of the Company’s reserves relate to the attributes used to segment the portfolio, the determination of the historical loss experience look-back period, and the weighting of historical loss experience by monthly cohort. The Company uses these models and assumptions to determine the reserve rates applicable to the outstanding acquired card receivables balances to estimate reserves for expected credit losses. Based on historical loss experience, the probability of default decreases over time, therefore the attribute used to segment the portfolio is the length of time since an account’s credit limit origination. The Company’s models use past loss experience to estimate the probability of default and exposure at default by aged balances. The Company also estimates the likelihood and magnitude of recovery of previously charged-off loans based on historical recovery experience. Additionally, management evaluates whether to include qualitative reserves to cover credit losses that are expected but may not be adequately represented by the quantitative methodology or the economic assumptions. The qualitative reserves address possible limitations within the models or factors not included within the models, such as external conditions, changes in underwriting strategies, the nature and volume of the portfolio, and the volume and severity of past due accounts. In general, acquired card receivables are charged-off after substantially the entire balance becomes 120 days delinquent. Assumptions regarding expected losses are reviewed periodically and may be impacted by actual performance of the acquired card receivables and changes in any of the factors discussed above. As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the allowance for expected credit losses on acquired card receivables shown on the consolidated balance sheets totaled $20.9 million and $15.5 million, respectively. These amounts do not include the immaterial allowance for expected credit losses on card receivables that have been authorized but not cleared at the end of the periods (see Note 15).

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of the acquisition over the net fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill amounts are not amortized.

The Company generally recognizes assets for customer relationships, developed technology and finite-lived trade names from an acquisition. Finite-lived intangible assets are carried at acquisition cost less accumulated amortization. Such amortization is recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally from three to ten years. Amortization for developed technology is recognized in cost of revenue. Amortization for customer relationships and trade names is recognized in sales and marketing expenses.

Goodwill is tested annually at the reporting unit level for impairment during the fourth fiscal quarter or more frequently if facts or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable. The Company has one reporting unit; therefore, all of its goodwill is associated with the entire company. Management has the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company is less than the carrying amount, including goodwill. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company is less than the carrying amount, a quantitative assessment is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An

impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The Company also has the option to bypass the qualitative assessment and perform the quantitative assessment.

The Company reviews the valuation of long-lived assets, including property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. The recoverability of long-lived assets or asset groups is calculated based on the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Impairment testing is performed at the asset group level.

Based on management's assessment, the Company did not recognize any impairment losses on its goodwill, finite-lived intangible assets or other long-lived assets during the periods presented herein.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, by evaluating whether there is an identified asset and whether the Company controls the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use. The Company determines the classification of the lease, whether operating or financing, at the lease commencement date, which is the date the leased assets are made available for use.

The Company uses the non-cancelable lease term when recognizing the ROU assets and lease liabilities, unless it is reasonably certain that a renewal or termination option will be exercised. The Company accounts for lease components and non-lease components as a single lease component. Modifications are assessed to determine whether incremental differences result in new contract terms and accounted for as a new lease or whether the additional right of use should be included in the original lease and continue to be accounted with the remaining ROU asset.

Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Lease payments consist of the fixed payments under the arrangement, less any lease incentives. Variable costs, such as common area maintenance costs, are not included in the measurement of the ROU assets and lease liabilities, but are expensed as incurred. As the implicit rate of the leases is not determinable, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of the lease payments. Lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company does not recognize ROU assets on lease arrangements with a term of 12 months or less. Lease expense for such arrangements is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

Spending businesses participate in rewards programs based on card transactions. The Company records a rewards liability that represents the estimated cost for rewards owed to spending businesses. Rewards liabilities are impacted over time by redemption costs and by spending businesses meeting eligibility requirements. Changes in the rewards liabilities during the period are recognized as an increase or decrease to sales and marketing expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The accrued rewards liability, which was $67.7 million and $55.4 million as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is included in other accruals and current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The rewards expense, which was $219.8 million, $173.9 million, and $95.2 million, during the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, is included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

The Company enters into contracts with small and midsize businesses (SMB) and accounting firm customers to provide access to the functionality of the Company’s cloud-based payments platform to process transactions. These contracts are either monthly contracts paid in arrears or upfront, or annual arrangements paid up front. The Company charges its SMB and accounting firm customers subscription fees for access to its platform either based on the number of users or per customer account and the level of service. The Company

generally also charges these customers transaction fees based on transaction volume and the category of transaction. The contractual price for subscription and transaction services is based on either negotiated fees or the rates published on the Company’s website.

The Company accounts for its annual and monthly contracts as a series of distinct services that are satisfied over time. Revenues recognized exclude amounts collected on behalf of third parties, such as sales taxes collected and remitted to governmental authorities.

The Company enables SMB and accounting firm customers to make virtual card payments to their suppliers. The Company also facilitates the extension of credit to spending businesses through the BILL Spend and Expense product in the form of BILL Divvy Corporate Cards. The spending businesses utilize the credit on BILL Divvy Corporate Cards as a means of payment for goods and services provided by their suppliers. Virtual card payments and BILL Divvy Corporate Cards are originated through agreements with Issuing Banks. The agreements with the Issuing Banks allow for card transactions on the MasterCard and Visa networks. For each virtual card and BILL Divvy Corporate Card transaction, suppliers are required to pay interchange fees to the issuer of the card. Based on the Company's agreements with its Issuing Banks, the Company recognizes the interchange fees as revenue gross or net of rebates received from the Issuing Bank based on the Company's determination of whether it is the principal or agent under the agreements.

The Company enters into multi-year contracts with financial institution customers to provide access to the Company’s cloud-based payments platform to process transactions. These contracts typically include fees for initial implementation services that are paid during the period the implementation services are provided as well as fees for subscription and transaction processing services, which are subject to guaranteed monthly minimum fees that are paid monthly over the contract term. These contracts enable the financial institutions to provide their customers with access to online bill pay services through the financial institutions’ online platforms. Implementation services are required up-front to establish an infrastructure that allows the financial institutions’ online platforms to communicate with the Company’s online platform. A financial institution’s customers cannot access online bill pay services until implementation is complete.

Initial implementation services and transaction processing services are not capable of being distinct from the subscription for online bill pay services and are combined into a single performance obligation. The total consideration in these contracts varies based on the number of users and transactions to be processed. The Company has determined it meets the variable consideration allocation exception and therefore recognizes guaranteed monthly payments and any overages as revenue in the month they are earned. Implementation fees are recognized based on the proportion of transactions processed to the total estimated transactions to be processed over the contract period. The Company allocates revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price.

Interest on Funds Held for Customers

The Company also earns revenue from interest earned on funds held for customers that are initially deposited into the Company’s bank accounts that are separate from the Company’s operating cash accounts until remitted to the customers or their suppliers. The Company partially invests funds held for customers in highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less and in marketable debt securities with maturities of three months to one year at the time of purchase. Interest and fees earned are recognized based on the effective interest method and also include the accretion of discounts and the amortization of premiums on marketable debt securities.

Subscription and transaction fees from customers for which the Company has annual or multi-year contracts are generally billed in advance. These fees are initially recorded as deferred revenue and subsequently recognized as revenue as the performance obligation is satisfied.

Deferred costs consist of (i) deferred sales commissions that are incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts and (ii) deferred service costs, primarily direct payroll costs, for implementation services provided to customers prior to the launching of the Company’s products for general availability (go-live) to

customers. Sales commissions paid on renewals are not material and are not commensurate with sales commissions paid on the initial contract. Deferred sales commissions are amortized ratably over the estimated life of the customer relationship aligned with the pattern of customer attrition, taking into consideration the initial contract term and expected renewal periods. Deferred service costs are amortized ratably over the estimated benefit period of the capitalized costs starting on the go-live date of the service.

Service costs consist primarily of personnel-related costs, including stock-based compensation, for the Company’s customer success and payment operations teams, costs that are directly attributed to processing customers’ and spending businesses' transactions (such as the cost of printing checks, postage for mailing checks, fees associated with the issuance and processing of card transactions, fees for processing payments), outsourced support services for the Company's customer success team, direct and amortized costs for implementing and integrating the Company’s cloud-based platform into the customers’ systems, and cloud payments infrastructure costs.

Research and Development

Costs incurred in research and development, excluding development costs eligible for capitalization as internal-use software, are expensed as incurred.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company measures stock-based compensation for stock options and purchase rights issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) at fair value on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company measures stock-based compensation for restricted stock units (RSUs) and market-based RSUs based on the closing price of the Company’s stock and using the Monte Carlo simulation model, respectively, on the date of grant. The Company measures stock-based compensation for performance-based awards at fair value on the date of grant. Awards that are classified as liabilities are remeasured at fair value at the end of each reporting period.

The Company recognizes compensation on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting term of four years for stock options and RSUs, the offering period of one year for purchase rights under the ESPP, and the requisite period of one to three years for market-based RSUs. The Company recognizes compensation for performance-based awards over the vesting period if it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

The Company expenses the costs of advertising, including promotional expenses, as incurred. Advertising expenses during the years ended June 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022 were $43.6 million, $39.0 million, and $29.4 million, respectively.

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities, net operating loss (NOL), and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. The Company classifies any liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits as current to the extent that the Company anticipates

payment (or receipt) of cash within one year. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized in the provision for income taxes.

Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration of potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same as basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for all periods presented since the effect of potentially dilutive securities is anti-dilutive given the net loss of the Company.

The Company records a liability for involuntary employee termination benefits when management has committed to a plan that establishes the terms of the arrangement and that plan has been communicated to employees. Costs to terminate a contract before the end of the term are recognized on the termination date, and costs that will continue to be incurred in a contract for the remaining term without economic benefit are recognized as of the cease-use date.

New Accounting Pronouncements and Disclosure Rules Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, Reportable Segments (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which expands annual and interim disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses, including public entities with a single operating or reportable segment. The updated standard is effective for the Company's annual periods beginning in fiscal 2025 and interim periods beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2026. Early adoption is permitted. This ASU will result in the required additional disclosures being included in the consolidated financial statements retrospectively, to all periods presented, once adopted.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The updated standard will be effective for annual periods beginning in fiscal 2026. This ASU will result in the required additional disclosures being included in the consolidated financial statements, once adopted.

In March 2024, the SEC adopted final rules related to climate-related disclosures in SEC Release No. 33-11275: The Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors. In April 2024, the SEC issued an order to stay the effectiveness of the rules pending the completion of judicial review of multiple petitions challenging the rules. To the extent the rules become effective, they will require registrants to disclose certain climate-related information in registration statements and annual reports. The disclosure requirements, as initially adopted, would apply for annual periods beginning in fiscal 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the final rules to determine their impact on the Company's Annual Reports on Form 10-K.