10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________________________

FORM 10-Q

__________________________________

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

OR

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-39210

__________________________________

NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

__________________________________

Maryland	84-2178264
(State or other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

300 Crescent Court, Suite 700, Dallas, Texas	75201
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(214) 276-6300

(Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	NREF	New York Stock Exchange
8.50% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value 0.01 per share	NREF-PRA	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer	o	Accelerated Filer	o
Non-Accelerated Filer	x	Smaller reporting company	x
Emerging growth company	x

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

As of November 13, 2023, the registrant had 17,231,913 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

i

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC.

Form 10-Q

Quarter Ended September 30, 2023

INDEX

		Page
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements		iii
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2022	1
	Consolidated Unaudited Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	2
	Consolidated Unaudited Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	3
	Consolidated Unaudited Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	5
	Notes to Consolidated Unaudited Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	39
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	60
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	62
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	62
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	62
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	62
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	62
Item 5.	Other Information	62
Item 6.	Exhibits	63
Signatures		64

ii

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that are subject to risks and uncertainties. In particular, statements relating to our liquidity and capital resources, our performance and results of operations contain forward-looking statements. Furthermore, all of the statements regarding future financial performance (including market conditions and demographics) are forward-looking statements. We caution investors that any forward-looking statements presented in this quarterly report are based on management’s then-current beliefs and assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. When used, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “result,” the negative version of these words and similar expressions that do not relate solely to historical matters are intended to identify forward-looking statements. You can also identify forward-looking statements by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions.

Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions and may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties and factors that are beyond our control. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected. We caution you therefore against relying on any of these forward-looking statements.

Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, performance, liquidity or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:

•Our loans and investments expose us to risks similar to and associated with debt-oriented real estate investments generally;

•Commercial real estate-related investments that are secured, directly or indirectly, by real property are subject to delinquency, foreclosure and loss, which could result in losses to us;

•Fluctuations in interest rate and credit spreads could reduce our ability to generate income on our loans and other investments, which could lead to a significant decrease in our results of operations, cash flows and the market value of our investments;

•Risks associated with the ownership of real estate;

•Our loans and investments are concentrated in terms of type of interest, geography, asset types and sponsors and may continue to be so in the future;

•We have a substantial amount of indebtedness which may limit our financial and operating activities and may adversely affect our ability to incur additional debt to fund future needs;

•We have limited operating history as a standalone company and may not be able to operate our business successfully, find suitable investments, or generate sufficient revenue to make or sustain distributions to our stockholders;

•We may not replicate the historical results achieved by other entities managed or sponsored by affiliates of NexPoint Advisors, L.P. (our “Sponsor”), members of the management team of NexPoint Real Estate Advisors VII, L.P. (our “Manager”) or their affiliates;

•We are dependent upon our Manager and its affiliates to conduct our day-to-day operations; thus, adverse changes in their financial health or our relationship with them could cause our operations to suffer;

•Our Manager and its affiliates face conflicts of interest, including significant conflicts created by our Manager’s compensation arrangements with us, including compensation which may be required to be paid to our Manager if our management agreement is terminated, which could result in decisions that are not in the best interests of our stockholders;

•We pay substantial fees and expenses to our Manager and its affiliates, which payments increase the risk that you will not earn a profit on your investment;

•If we fail to qualify as a real estate investment trust (a “REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes, cash available for distributions (“CAD”) to be paid to our stockholders could decrease materially, which would limit our ability to make distributions to our stockholders;

iii

•Risks associated with the current COVID-19 pandemic, including unpredictable variants and the future outbreak of other highly infectious or contagious diseases;

•Risks associated with the Highland Capital Management, L.P. (“Highland”) bankruptcy, including related litigation and potential conflicts of interest;

•Risks associated with a single material weakness that was identified in our review of internal control over financial reporting and the determination that our internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures were therefore not effective as of December 31, 2022; and

•Any other risks included under Part I, Item1A, “Risk Factors,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 31, 2023 (our “Annual Report”).

While forward-looking statements reflect our good faith beliefs, they are not guarantees of future performance. They are based on estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this quarterly report. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, data or methods, future events or other changes, except as required by law.

iv

PART 1—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	10,977	$	20,048
Restricted cash	1,942		299
Real estate investments, net	58,563		245,222
Loans, held-for-investment, net ($31,416 and $46,022 with related parties, respectively)	320,151		256,147
Common stock investments, at fair value ($33,759 and $50,380 with related parties, respectively)	60,709		78,264
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net	708,003		726,531
Accrued interest and dividends	21,489		15,665
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,612,472		6,720,246
CMBS structured pass-through certificates, at fair value	42,471		46,876
MSCR notes, at fair value	10,325		10,313
Mortgage backed securities, at fair value	37,975		32,328
Accounts receivable and other assets	1,276		2,197
TOTAL ASSETS	$	6,886,353	$	8,154,136
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:
Secured financing agreements, net	$	676,900	$	687,885
Master repurchase agreements	298,009		331,020
Unsecured notes, net	205,625		204,960
Mortgages payable, net	32,205		121,236
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	3,405		6,231
Accrued interest payable	10,124		7,986
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,225,922		6,249,804
Total Liabilities	6,452,190		7,609,122
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	89,148		96,501
Stockholders' Equity:
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	95		64,529
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 100,000,000 shares authorized; 2,000,000 and 2,000,000 shares issued and 1,645,000 and 1,645,000 shares outstanding, respectively	16		16
Common stock, $0.01 par value: 500,000,000 shares authorized; 17,518,900 and 17,366,930 shares issued and 17,231,913 and 17,079,943 shares outstanding, respectively	172		171
Additional paid-in capital	394,720		392,124
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)	(37,226)		4,435
Preferred stock held in treasury at cost; 355,000 shares and 355,000, respectively	(8,567)		(8,567)
Common stock held in treasury at cost; 286,987 shares and 286,987 shares, respectively	(4,195)		(4,195)
Total Stockholders' Equity	345,015		448,513
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	6,886,353	$	8,154,136

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net interest income
Interest income	$	18,014	$	14,893	$	51,474	$	62,420
Interest expense	(13,197)		(10,682)		(38,503)		(28,607)
Total net interest income	4,817		4,211		12,971		33,813
Other income (loss)
Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities	7,037		(2,648)		24,926		5,319
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on CMBS structured pass-through certificates	710		(3,904)		926		(11,555)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on common stock investments	(16,464)		(3,189)		(17,556)		159
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on MSCR notes	(15)		44		13		(147)
Change in unrealized (loss) on mortgage backed securities	27		(317)		247		(356)
Reversal of (provision for) credit losses	(6,276)		7		(6,236)		(57)
Realized Losses	—		(1,084)		—		(1,084)
Other income	38		115		391		353
Gain on deconsolidation of real estate owned	—		—		1,490		—
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		17
Equity in income (losses) of equity method investments	(1,675)		—		(2,564)		—
Revenues from consolidated real estate owned	1,083		3,455		3,147		9,108
Total other income (loss)	(15,535)		(7,521)		4,784		1,757
Operating expenses
General and administrative expenses	2,524		1,677		7,053		5,308
Loan servicing fees	1,049		1,112		3,155		3,333
Management fees	820		822		2,470		2,330
Expenses from consolidated real estate owned	1,939		2,442		4,272		8,419
Total operating expenses	6,332		6,053		16,950		19,390
Net income (loss)	(17,050)		(9,363)		805		16,180
Net (income) loss attributable to preferred shareholders	(874)		(874)		(2,622)		(2,630)
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	2,374		1,889		(1,419)		(5,080)
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries	—		(941)		—		(1,503)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(15,550)	$	(9,289)	$	(3,236)	$	6,967
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic	17,232		14,962		17,188		14,526
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted	23,086		22,678		22,950		22,402
Earnings (loss) per share outstanding - basic	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	$	(0.19)	$	0.48
Earnings (loss) per share outstanding - diluted	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	$	(0.19)	$	0.48
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.6850	$	0.5000	$	2.0550	$	1.5000

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023	Series A Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings (accumulated deficit) Less Dividends		Common Stock Held in Treasury at Cost		Preferred Stock Held in Treasury at Cost		Noncontrolling interest in Subsidiary		Total
	Number of Shares	Par Value		Number of Shares	Par Value
Balances, June 30, 2023	1,645,000	$	16	17,231,913	$	172	$	393,435	$	(9,313)	$	(4,195)	$	(8,567)	$	95	$	371,643
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		1,285		—		—		—		—		1,285
Net income attributable to preferred stockholders	—	—		—	—		—		874		—		—		—		874
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	—	—		—	—		—		(15,550)		—		—		—		(15,550)
Preferred stock dividends declared ($0.5313 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		(874)		—		—		—		(874)
Common stock dividends declared ($0.6850 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		(12,363)		—		—		—		(12,363)
Balances, September 30, 2023	1,645,000	$	16	17,231,913	$	172	$	394,720	$	(37,226)	$	(4,195)	$	(8,567)	$	95	$	345,015

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023	Series A Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings Less Dividends		Common Stock Held in Treasury at Cost		Preferred Stock Held in Treasury at Cost		Noncontrolling interest in Subsidiary		Total
	Number of Shares	Par Value		Number of Shares	Par Value
Balances, December 31, 2022	1,645,000	$	16	17,079,943	$	171	$	392,124	$	4,435	$	(4,195)	$	(8,567)	$	64,529	$	448,513
Vesting of stock-based compensation	—	—		151,970	1		2,596		—		—		—		—		2,597
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary on deconsolidation of real estate	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(64,434)		(64,434)
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 (See Note 2)		—			—		—		(1,624)		—		—		—		(1,624)
Net income attributable to preferred stockholders	—	—		—	—		—		2,622		—		—		—		2,622
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	—	—		—	—		—		(3,236)		—		—		—		(3,236)
Preferred stock dividends declared ($1.0626 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		(2,622)		—		—		—		(2,622)
Common stock dividends declared ($2.0550 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		(36,801)		—		—		—		(36,801)
Balances, September 30, 2023	1,645,000	$	16	17,231,913	$	172	$	394,720	$	(37,226)	$	(4,195)	$	(8,567)	$	95	$	345,015

3

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022	Series A Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings (accumulated deficit) Less Dividends		Common Stock Held in Treasury at Cost		Preferred Stock Held in Treasury at Cost		Noncontrolling interest in Subsidiary		Total
	Number of Shares	Par Value		Number of Shares	Par Value
Balances, June 30, 2022	1,645,000	$	16	14,949,631	$	150	$	348,266	$	29,339	$	(4,195)	$	(8,567)	$	33,942	$	398,951
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		870		—		—		—		—		870
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary on consolidation of real estate	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		18,096		18,096
Issuance of common shares through at-the-market offering, net	—	—		30,128	—		573		—		—		—		—		573
Net income attributable to preferred stockholders	—	—		—	—		—		874		—		—		—		874
Net income attributable to common stockholders	—	—		—	—		—		(9,289)		—		—		—		(9,289)
Preferred stock dividends declared ($0.5313 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		(874)		—		—		—		(874)
Common stock dividends declared ($0.5000 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		(7,776)		—		—		—		(7,776)
Balances, September30, 2022	1,645,000	$	16	14,979,759	$	150	$	349,709	$	12,274	$	(4,195)	$	(8,567)	$	52,038	$	401,425

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	Series A Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings Less Dividends		Common Stock Held in Treasury at Cost		Preferred Stock Held in Treasury at Cost		Noncontrolling interest in CMBS VIEs		Noncontrolling interest in Subsidiary		Total
	Number of Shares	Par Value		Number of Shares	Par Value
Balances, December 31, 2021	1,645,000	$	16	9,163,934	$	92	$	222,300	$	28,367	$	(4,195)	$	(8,567)	$	7,175	$	95	$	245,283
Vesting of stock-based compensation	—	—		114,494	1		1,923		—		—		—		—		—		1,924
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary on consolidation of real estate	—	—		—	—		490		—		—		—		—		51,943		52,433
Issuance of common shares through at-the-market offering, net	—	—		531,728	5		11,513		—		—		—		—		—		11,518
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	—	—		5,169,603	52		113,483		—		—		—		—		—		113,535
Noncontrolling interest in CMBS VIEs	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(7,175)		—		(7,175)
Net income attributable to preferred stockholders	—	—		—	—		—		2,630		—		—		—		—		2,630
Net income attributable to common stockholders	—	—		—	—		—		6,967		—		—		—		—		6,967
Preferred stock dividends declared ($1.0626 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		(2,630)		—		—		—		—		(2,630)
Common stock dividends declared ($1.5000 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		(23,060)		—		—		—		—		(23,060)
Balances, September 30, 2022	1,645,000	$	16	14,979,759	$	150	$	349,709	$	12,274	$	(4,195)	$	(8,567)	$	—	$	52,038	$	401,425

4

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	805	$	16,180
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of premiums	10,867		17,179
Accretion of discounts	(10,110)		(9,791)
Depreciation and amortization of real estate investment	1,430		2,435
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(4)		36
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses, net	6,236		57
Net change in unrealized (gain) loss on investments held at fair value	22,780		32,202
Realized Losses	—		1,084
Equity in (income) losses of unconsolidated equity method ventures	2,564		—
Realized gain on deconsolidation of real estate owned	(1,490)		—
Stock-based compensation expense	3,394		2,414
Payment in kind income	(4,076)		(528)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—		(17)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accrued interest and dividends receivable	(3,775)		(7,605)
Accounts receivable and other assets	122		(317)
Accrued interest payable	3,225		4,264
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	(3,540)		1,202
Net cash provided by operating activities	28,428		58,795
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from payments received on mortgage loans held in variable interest entities	626,053		964,225
Proceeds from payments received on mortgage loans held for investment	58,246		178,306
Proceeds from payments received on bridge loan	—		13,500
Proceeds from payments received on mortgage backed securities	546		—
Originations of bridge loan	—		(13,434)
Originations of loans, held-for-investment, net	(76,355)		(91,587)
Purchases of equity method investments	(2,564)		—
Purchases of CMBS certificates, at fair value	—		(4,542)
Proceeds from sales of CMBS certificates, at fair value	44,788		6,962
Purchases of CMBS securitizations held in variable interest entities, at fair value	—		(115,276)
Purchases of MSCR notes, at fair value	—		(10,365)
Purchases of mortgage backed securities, at fair value	(5,733)		(25,946)
Proceeds held in escrow for unsettled purchase	—		(3,990)
Adjustment on deconsolidation of real estate	(4,992)		—
Acquisitions of real estate investments	—		(184,552)
Additions to real estate investments	(504)		(106)
Net cash provided by investing activities	639,485		713,195
Cash flows from financing activities
Principal repayments on borrowings under secured financing agreements	(10,985)		(97,724)
Distributions to bondholders of variable interest entities	(583,462)		(892,138)
Borrowings under master repurchase agreements	44,892		128,988
Principal repayments on borrowings under master repurchase agreements	(77,903)		(64,275)
Proceeds received on borrowings under secured financing agreements	—		89,634
Proceeds received from unsecured notes offering	—		34,174
Repurchase of unsecured notes	—		(4,829)
Borrowings under bridge facility	—		55,000
Bridge facility payments	—		(55,000)
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock through public offering, net of offering costs	—		11,518
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock	—		113,535
Proceeds from issuance of common stock through at-the-market offering, net of offering costs	—		(113,535)
Principal repayments on mortgages payable	(16)		—
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of stock-based compensation	(797)		(490)
Dividends paid to common stockholders	(35,379)		(22,161)
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders	(2,622)		(2,630)
Distributions to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	(9,069)		(10,812)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests	—		56,704
Net cash used in financing activities	(675,341)		(774,041)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(7,428)		(2,051)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	20,347		33,232
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	12,919	$	31,181
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Interest paid	35,700		23,723
Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
Adjustment to loans, held for investment, net on deconsolidation of real estate	36,022		—
Adjustment to real estate investments, net on deconsolidation of real estate	(185,732)		—
Adjustment to accrued interest and dividends on deconsolidation of real estate	2,049		—
Adjustment to accounts receivable and other assets on deconsolidation of real estate	(799)		—
Adjustment to mortgages payable, net on deconsolidation of real estate	89,012		—
Adjustment to accounts payable and accrued liabilities on deconsolidation of real estate	705		—
Adjustment to accrued interest payable on deconsolidation of real estate	1,087		—
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary on deconsolidation of real estate	64,434		—
Adjustment to retained earnings on deconsolidation of real estate	1,490		—
Adjustment to redeemable noncontrolling interest in the OP on deconsolidation of real estate	(297)		—
Increase in dividends payable upon vesting of restricted stock units	863		899
Consolidation of mortgage loans and bonds payable held in variable interest entities	—		1,244,826
Conversion of convertible notes to common stock	—		25,000
Due to brokers for repurchase of unsecured notes, not yet settled	—		7,980

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

5

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Organization and Description of Business

NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. (the “Company”, “we”, “our”) is a commercial mortgage real estate investment trust (a "REIT") incorporated in Maryland on June 7, 2019. The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2020 and the Company believes the current organization and method of operation will enable it to maintain its status as a REIT. The Company is focused on originating, structuring and investing in first-lien mortgage loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, convertible notes, multifamily properties and common equity investments, as well as multifamily commercial mortgage-backed securities securitizations (“CMBS securitizations”), multifamily structured credit risk notes (“MSCR Notes”) and mortgage-backed securities, or our target assets. Substantially all of the Company’s business is conducted through NexPoint Real Estate Finance Operating Partnership, L.P. (the “OP”), the Company’s operating partnership. As of September 30, 2023, the Company holds approximately 83.41% of the common limited partnership units in the OP (“OP Units”) which represents 100.00% of the Class A OP Units, and the OP owned all of the common limited partnership units (“SubOP Units”) of its subsidiary partnerships (collectively, the “Subsidiary OPs”) (see Note 13).

The OP also directly owns all of the membership interests of a limited liability company (the “Mezz LLC”) through which it owns a portfolio of mezzanine loans, as further discussed below. NexPoint Real Estate Finance OP GP, LLC (the “OP GP”) is the sole general partner of the OP.

The Company commenced operations on February 11, 2020 upon the closing of its initial public offering of shares of its common stock (the “IPO”). Prior to the closing of the IPO, the Company engaged in a series of transactions through which it acquired an initial portfolio consisting of senior pooled mortgage loans backed by single family rental (“SFR”) properties (the “SFR Loans”), the junior most bonds of multifamily CMBS securitizations (the “CMBS B-Pieces”), mezzanine loan and preferred equity investments in real estate companies and properties in other structured real estate investments within the multifamily, SFR and self-storage asset classes (the “Initial Portfolio”). The Initial Portfolio was acquired from affiliates (the “Contribution Group”) of NexPoint Advisors, L.P. (our “Sponsor”), pursuant to a contribution agreement with the Contribution Group through which the Contribution Group contributed their interest in the Initial Portfolio to special purpose entities (“SPEs”) owned by the Subsidiary OPs, in exchange for SubOP Units (the “Formation Transaction”). Subsequent to the Formation Transaction, the Company has continued to invest in asset types and real estate sectors within the Initial Portfolio and expanded to include additional asset types and real estate sectors.

The Company is externally managed by NexPoint Real Estate Advisors VII, L.P. (the “Manager”) through a management agreement dated February 6, 2020 and amended as of July 17, 2020 and November 3, 2021, that expires on February 6, 2024 and is automatically renewed for successive one-year terms thereafter unless earlier terminated (as amended, the “Management Agreement”), by and between the Company and the Manager. The Manager conducts substantially all of the Company’s operations and provides asset management services for its real estate investments. The Company expects it will only have accounting employees while the Management Agreement is in effect. All of the Company’s investment decisions are made by the Manager, subject to general oversight by the Manager’s investment committee and the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”). The Manager is wholly owned by our Sponsor.

The Company’s primary investment objective is to generate attractive, risk-adjusted returns for stockholders over the long term. The Company intends to achieve this objective primarily by originating, structuring and investing in our target assets. The Company concentrates on investments in real estate sectors where our senior management team has operating expertise, including in the multifamily, SFR, self-storage, life science, hospitality and office sectors predominantly in the top 50 metropolitan statistical areas ("MSAs"). In addition, the Company targets lending or investing in properties that are stabilized or have a “light transitional” business plan, meaning a property that requires limited deferred funding to support leasing or ramp-up of operations and for which most capital expenditures are for value-add improvements. Through active portfolio management the Company seeks to take advantage of market opportunities to achieve a superior portfolio risk-mix that delivers attractive total returns.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Readers of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Quarterly Report") should refer to the audited financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2022, which are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Annual Report"), filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and also available on our website (nref.nexpoint.com), since we have omitted from this Quarterly Report certain footnote disclosures which would substantially duplicate those contained in such audited financial

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statements. You should also refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the notes to consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report for further discussion of our significant accounting policies and estimates. Information contained on, or accessible through, our website is not incorporated by reference into and does not constitute a part of this Quarterly Report or any other report or documents we file or furnish with the SEC.

General

In accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X as issued by the SEC, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for complete financial statements. Readers of this Quarterly Report should refer to the Company's audited Consolidated Financial Statements, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows, and equity for the interim periods have been included. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023, and future fiscal years.

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with GAAP. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual amounts realized or paid could differ from those estimates. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. There have been no significant changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared according to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted according to such rules and regulations, although management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. It is at least reasonably possible that these estimates could change in the near term. Estimates are inherently subjective in nature and actual results could differ from our estimates and the differences could be material.

Principles of Consolidation

The Company accounts for subsidiary partnerships in which it holds an ownership interest in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation. The Company first evaluates whether each entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). Under the VIE model, the Company consolidates an entity when it has power to direct the activities of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Under the voting model, the Company consolidates an entity when it controls the entity through ownership of a majority voting interest. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has determined it must consolidate the OP and the Subsidiary OPs under the VIE model as it was determined the Company both controls the direct activities of the OP and Subsidiary OPs and possesses the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the OP and Subsidiary OPs. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the OP and its subsidiaries. The Company’s sole significant asset is its investment in the OP, and consequently, substantially all of the Company’s assets and liabilities represent those assets and liabilities of the OP.

Variable Interest Entities

The Company evaluates all of its interests in VIEs for consolidation. When the Company’s interests are determined to be variable interests, the Company assesses whether it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, defines the primary beneficiary as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could

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be potentially significant. The Company considers its variable interests, as well as any variable interests of its related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary, and it consolidates the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, the Company is not the primary beneficiary, and it does not consolidate the VIE (see Note 6).

CMBS Trusts

The Company consolidates the trusts that issue beneficial ownership interests in mortgage loans secured by commercial real estate (commonly known as CMBS) when the Company holds a variable interest in, and management considers the Company to be the primary beneficiary of, those trusts. Management believes the performance of the assets that underlie CMBS issuances most significantly impact the economic performance of the trust, and the primary beneficiary is generally the entity that conducts activities that most significantly impact the performance of the underlying assets. In particular, the most subordinate tranches of CMBS expose the holder to greater variability of economic performance when compared to more senior tranches since the subordinate tranches absorb a disproportionately higher amount of the credit risk related to the underlying assets. Generally, a trust designates the most junior subordinate tranche outstanding as the controlling class, which entitles the holder of the controlling class to unilaterally appoint, remove and replace the special servicer for the trust. For the CMBS that the Company consolidates, the Company owns 100% of the most subordinate tranche of the securities. The subordinate tranche includes the controlling class and has the ability to remove and replace the special servicer.

On the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023, the Company consolidated each of the Freddie Mac K-Series securitization entities (the “CMBS Entities”) that were determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The CMBS Entities are independent of the Company, and the assets and liabilities of the CMBS Entities are not owned by and are not legal obligations of ours. Our exposure to the CMBS Entities is through the subordinated tranches. For financial reporting purposes, the underlying mortgage loans held by the trusts are recorded as a separate line item on the balance sheet under “Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value.” The liabilities of the trusts consist solely of obligations to the CMBS holders of the consolidated trusts, excluding the CMBS B-Piece investments held by the Company. The liabilities are presented as “Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The CMBS B-Pieces held by the Company, and the interest earned thereon are eliminated in consolidation. Management has elected the measurement alternative in ASC 810 to report the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the consolidated CMBS Entities in order to provide users of the financial statements with better information regarding the effects of credit risk and other market factors on the CMBS B-Pieces owned by the Company. Management has elected to show interest income and interest expense related to the CMBS Entities in aggregate with the change in fair value as “Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities.” The residual difference between the fair value of the CMBS Entities’ assets and liabilities represents the Company’s investments in the CMBS B-Pieces at fair value.

Mortgage and Other Loans Held-For-Investment, net

Loans that are held-for-investment are carried at their aggregate outstanding face amount, net of applicable (i) unamortized origination or acquisition premium and discounts, (ii) unamortized deferred fees and other direct loan origination costs, (iii) valuation allowance for credit losses and (iv) write-downs of impaired loans. The effective interest method is used to amortize origination or acquisition premiums and discounts and deferred fees or other direct loan origination costs. In general, an increase in prepayment rates accelerates the amortization of purchase premiums, thereby reducing the interest income earned on the assets. Conversely, discounts on such assets are accreted into interest income. In general, an increase in prepayment rates accelerates the accretion of purchase discounts, thereby increasing the interest income earned on the assets.

Allowance for Credit Losses

In periods ending on or prior to December 31, 2022, the Company, with the assistance of an independent valuations firm, performed a quarterly evaluation of loans classified as held for investment for impairment on a loan-by-loan basis in accordance with ASC 310-10-35, Receivables, Subsequent Measurement (“ASC 310-10-35”). If the Company determined that it was probable that it would be unable to collect all amounts owed according to the contractual terms of a loan, impairment of that loan was indicated. If a loan was considered to be impaired, the Company would establish an allowance for loan losses, through a valuation provision in earnings that reduced carrying value of the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual effective rate or the fair value of the collateral, if repayment was expected solely from the collateral. For non-impaired loans with no specific allowance the Company determined an allowance for loan losses in accordance with ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies (“ASC 450-20”), which represented

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management’s best estimate of incurred losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date, excluding impaired loans and loans carried at fair value. Management considered quantitative factors likely to cause estimated credit losses, including default rate and loss severity rates. The Company also evaluated qualitative factors such as macroeconomic conditions, evaluations of underlying collateral, trends in delinquencies and non-performing assets. Increases to (or reversals of) the allowance for loan loss for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 are included in “Loan loss (provision)” on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which establishes credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. The new approach changes the impairment model for most financial assets and requires the use of a current expected credit loss ("CECL") model for financial instruments measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments. This model applies to trade and other receivables, loans, debt securities, net investments in leases and off-balance sheet credit exposures (such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees not accounted for as insurance) and requires entities to estimate the lifetime expected credit loss on such instruments and record an allowance that represents the portion of the amortized cost basis that the entity does not expect to collect.

We adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2023. The implementation process included the utilization of loan loss forecasting models, updates to our loan credit loss policy documentation, changes to internal reporting processes and related internal controls, and overall operational readiness for our adoption of the new standard. We have implemented loan loss forecasting models for estimating expected life-time credit losses, at the individual loan level, for our loan portfolio. The CECL forecasting methods used by the Company include (i) a probability of default and loss given default method using underlying third-party CMBS/Commercial Real Estate loan database with historical loan losses from 1998 to 2022, and (ii) probability weighted expected cash flow method, depending on the type of loan and the availability of relevant historical market loan loss data. We might use other acceptable alternative approaches in the future depending on, among other factors, the type of loan, underlying collateral, and availability of relevant historical market loan loss data. Significant inputs to our forecasting methods include (i) key loan-specific inputs such as loan-to-value, vintage year, loan-term, underlying property type, occupancy, geographic location, performance against the underwritten business plan, and our internal loan risk rating, and (ii) a macro-economic environment forecast. The reasonable and supportable forecast period is determined based on the Company’s assessment of the most likely scenario of assumptions and plausible outcomes for the U.S. economy, current portfolio composition, level of historical loss forecast estimates, material changes in growth and credit strategy and other factors that may affect its loss experience. The Company regularly evaluates the reasonable and supportable forecast period to determine if a change is needed. The Company has determined that economic forecasts used in our CECL model can be reasonable and supportable over four quarters as it provides enough time to account for the expected changes of the economic conditions and the performance of the underlying assets. Beyond the Company’s reasonable and supportable forecast period, the Company immediately reverts to historical loss information. The Company considers an immediate reversion period appropriate in the CECL model because it provides a suitable balance between the stability of historical data and the flexibility to account for changing market conditions. The allowance for loan and lease losses reserve as of December 31, 2022, was $0.7 million and the CECL reserve as of January 1, 2023, was $2.3 million. As such, the cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 was a $1.6 million reduction in retained earnings. The provision for credit losses of $6.28 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 is included in other income on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, resulting in an ending allowance for credit loss of $8.54 million as of September 30, 2023.

Significant judgment is required in determining impairment and in estimating the resulting loss allowance, and actual losses, if any, could materially differ from those estimates.

The Company performs a quarterly review of the portfolio. In conjunction with this review, the Company assesses the risk factors of each loan, including, without limitation, loan-to-value ratio, debt yield, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, collateral, cash-flow volatility, leasing and tenant profile, loan structure, exit plan and project sponsorship. Based on a 5-point scale, our loans are rated “1” through “5,” from least risk to greatest risk, respectively, which ratings are defined as follows:

1 – Outperform – Materially exceeds performance metrics (for example, technical milestones, occupancy, rents and net operating income) included in original or current credit underwriting and business plan;

2 – Exceeds Expectations – Collateral performance exceeds substantially all performance metrics included in original or current credit underwriting and business plan;

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3 – Satisfactory – Collateral performance meets, or is on track to meet, underwriting; business plan is met or can reasonably be achieved;

4 – Underperformance – Collateral performance falls short of underwriting, material differences exist from business plan, or both; technical milestones have been missed; defaults may exist or may soon occur absent material improvement; and

5 – Risk of Impairment/Default – Collateral performance is significantly worse than underwriting; major variance from business plan; loan covenants or technical milestones have been breached; timely exit from loan via sale or refinancing is questionable.

The Company regularly evaluates the extent and impact of any credit deterioration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying collateral, as well as the financial and operating capability of the borrower. Specifically, the collateral’s operating results and any cash reserves are analyzed and used to assess (i) whether cash from operations is sufficient to cover the debt service requirements currently and into the future, (ii) the ability of the borrower to refinance the loan and/or (iii) the collateral’s liquidation value. The Company also evaluates the financial condition of any loan guarantors, as well as any changes in the borrower’s competency in managing and operating the collateral. In addition, the Company considers the overall economic environment, real estate or industry sector and geographic sub-market in which the borrower operates. Such impairment analyses are completed and reviewed by asset management and finance personnel who utilize various data sources, including (i) periodic financial data such as property operating statements, occupancy, tenant profile, rental rates, operating expenses, the borrower’s exit plan and capitalization and discount rates, (ii) site inspections and (iii) current credit spreads and discussions with market participants.

The Company considers loans to be past-due when a monthly payment is due and unpaid for 60 days or more. Loans will be placed on nonaccrual status and considered non-performing when full payment of principal and interest is in doubt, which generally occurs when they become 120 days or more past-due unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Accrual of interest on individual loans is discontinued when management believes that, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, the borrower’s financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful. Our policy is to cease accruing interest when a loan’s delinquency exceeds 120 days. All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual status or subsequently charged-off are reversed against interest income. Income is subsequently recognized on the cash basis until, in management’s judgment, the borrower’s ability to make periodic principal and interest payments returns and future payments are reasonably assured, in which case the loan is returned to accrual status.

For individual loans, a troubled debt restructuring is a formal restructuring of a loan where, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, a concession that would not otherwise be considered is granted to the borrower. The concession may be granted in various forms, including providing a below-market interest rate, a reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, an extension of the maturity date or a combination of these. An individual loan that has had a troubled debt restructuring is considered to be impaired and is subject to the relevant accounting for impaired loans. As of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company had no loan modifications, and, thus no troubled debt restructurings.

A loan is written off when it is no longer realizable and/or it is legally discharged.

The Company will evaluate acquired loans and debt securities for which it is probable at acquisition that all contractually required payments will not be collected in accordance with ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.

The Company also recognizes a liability for expected credit losses for off-balance sheet exposures if the Company has a present contractual obligation to extend the credit and the obligation is not unconditionally cancelable by the entity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Section 107 of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), for complying with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. The Company has elected to take advantage of this extended transition period. As a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company

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effective dates for such new or revised standards. The Company may elect to comply with public company effective dates at any time, and such election would be irrevocable pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act.

In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848 ("ASU 2022-06") which was issued to defer the sunset date of Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform to December 31, 2024. ASU 2022-06 is effective immediately for all companies. ASU 2022-06 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

3. Loans Held for Investment, Net

The Company’s investments in mortgage loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity and convertible notes are accounted for as loans held for investment. The mortgage loans are presented as “Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net” and the mezzanine loans, preferred equity and convertible notes are presented as “Loans, held-for-investment, net” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following tables summarize our loans held-for-investment as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (dollars in thousands):

Loan Type	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value (1)		Loan Count	Weighted Average
						Fixed Rate (2)		Coupon (3)		Life (years) (4)
September 30, 2023
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment	$	675,844	$	708,003	13	100.00	%	4.79	%	4.64
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment	133,207		135,079		22	78.31	%	9.60	%	5.55
Preferred equity, held-for-investment	187,173		180,072		16	46.22	%	12.18	%	2.58
Promissory note, held-for-investment	5,000		5,000		1	11.00	%	11.00	%	1.00
	$	1,001,224	$	1,028,154	52	86.62	%	6.85	%	4.36

Loan Type	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value (1)		Loan Count	Weighted Average
						Fixed Rate (2)		Coupon (3)		Life (years) (4)
December 31, 2022
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment	$	688,046	$	726,531	15	100.00	%	4.81	%	5.36
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment	163,021		165,182		23	63.99	%	10.42	%	5.39
Preferred equity, held-for-investment	91,382		90,965		10	67.69	%	11.51	%	2.76
	$	942,449	$	982,678	48	90.64	%	6.43	%	5.11

(1)Carrying value includes the outstanding face amount plus unamortized purchase premiums/discounts and any allowance for loan losses.

(2)The weighted-average of loans paying a fixed rate is weighted on current principal balance.

(3)The weighted-average coupon is weighted on outstanding face amount.

(4)The weighted-average life is weighted on outstanding face amount and assumes no prepayments. The maturity date for preferred equity investments represents the maturity date of the senior mortgage, as the preferred equity investments require repayment upon the sale or refinancing of the asset.

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For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the loan and preferred equity portfolio activity was as follows (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Balance at January 1,	$	982,678	$	1,088,881
Recognition of retained preferred equity investment upon deconsolidation of real estate (Note 14)	36,022		—
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 (See Note 2)	(1,624)		—
Conversion of convertible bonds to common stock	—		(25,000)
Originations	76,355		156,934
Proceeds from principal repayments	(58,246)		(196,825)
PIK distribution reinvested in Preferred Units	4,076		528
Amortization of loan premium, net (1)	(4,871)		(11,591)
(Provision for) reversal of credit losses, net	(6,236)		(57)
Balance at September 30,	$	1,028,154	$	1,012,870

(1)Includes net amortization of loan purchase premiums.

As of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, there were $36.0 million and $40.9 million of unamortized premiums on loans, held-for-investment, net, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As discussed in Note 2, the Company evaluates loans classified as held-for-investment on a loan-by-loan basis every quarter. In conjunction with the review of the portfolio, the Company assesses the risk factors of each loan and assign a risk rating based on a variety of factors. Loans are rated “1” through “5,” from least risk to greatest risk, respectively. See Note 2 for a more detailed discussion of the risk factors and ratings. The following tables allocate the principal balance and net book value of the loan portfolio based on our internal risk ratings (dollars in thousands):

Risk Rating	September 30, 2023
	Number of Loans	Carrying Value		% of Loan Portfolio
1	—	$	—	—
2	—	—		—
3	48	999,080		97.17	%
4	3	25,199		2.45	%
5	1	3,875		0.38	%
	52	$	1,028,154	100.00	%

Risk Rating	December 31, 2022
	Number of Loans	Carrying Value		% of Loan Portfolio
1	—	$	—	—
2	—	—		—
3	48	982,678		100.00	%
4	—	—		—
5	—	—		—
	48	$	982,678	100.00	%

As of September 30, 2023, 52 loans held-for-investment in our portfolio were rated “3,” or “Satisfactory”, 3 loans held-for-investment in our portfolio were rated "4," or "Underperformance", and 1 loan held-for-investment in our portfolio

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was rated "5," or "Risk of Impairment/Default", based on the factors assessed by the Company and discussed in Note 2. Our loan portfolio had a weighted-average risk rating of 3.04 as of September 30, 2023, and 3.00 as of December 31, 2022.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company identified a preferred equity investment secured by the underlying property in Atlanta, Georgia that was assigned a risk rating of “5” due to certain conditions that negatively impacted the preferred investment’s cash flow. The Company replaced the existing manager and took over the property’s operations. See Note 16 for additional information regarding Alexander at the District. As the loan was considered a collateral-dependent financial asset under GAAP, a specific allowance for credit losses of $5.8 million was recorded as of September 30, 2023 based on the Company’s estimation of the fair value of the underlying collateral property and the loan’s amortized cost basis.

The following tables present the carrying value of the loan portfolio by the Company's internal risk rating and year of origination as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

September 30, 2023
	Carrying Value by Year of Origination (1)
Risk Rating	Number of Loans	Outstanding Face Amount		2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Total Carrying Value
1	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
2	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
3	48	966,711		70,402		70,733		44,133		19,159		774,691		19,962		999,080
4	3	24,763		—		8,438		—		—		16,761		—		25,199
5	1	9,750		—		—		3,875		—		—		—		3,875
	52	$	1,001,224	$	70,402	$	79,171	$	48,008	$	19,159	$	791,452	$	19,962	$	1,028,154

December 31, 2022
	Carrying Value by Year of Origination (1)
Risk Rating	Number of Loans	Outstanding Face Amount		2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Total Carrying Value
1	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
2	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
3	48	999,080		72,606		98,129		17,500		774,381		20,062		—		982,678
4	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
5	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	48	$	999,080	$	72,606	$	98,129	$	17,500	$	774,381	$	20,062	$	—	$	982,678

(1)Represents the date a loan was originated or acquired.

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The following tables present the geographies and property types of collateral underlying the Company’s loans held-for-investment as a percentage of the loans’ face amounts.

Geography	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Georgia	32.45	%	34.04	%
Florida	18.45	%	19.34	%
Texas	12.65	%	11.21	%
Nevada	2.75	%	*
Maryland	5.34	%	5.59	%
Minnesota	6.65	%	6.97	%
California	4.39	%	4.66	%
Alabama	3.63	%	3.81	%
North Carolina	2.69	%	2.65	%
Virginia	1.66	%	*
Arkansas	1.35	%	1.42	%
Other (18 and 19 states each at <1%)	7.99	%	10.31	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

*Included in “Other.”

Collateral Property Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Single Family Rental	69.26	%	72.26	%
Multifamily	23.32	%	23.11	%
Life Science	5.71	%	2.85	%
Self-Storage	1.70	%	1.79	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

4. CMBS Trusts

As of September 30, 2023, the Company consolidated all of the CMBS Entities that it determined are VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company elected the fair-value measurement alternative in accordance with ASU 2014-13 for each of the trusts and carries the fair values of the trust’s assets and liabilities at fair value in its Consolidated Balance Sheets, recognizes changes in the trust’s net assets, including changes in fair-value adjustments and net interest earned, in its Consolidated Statements of Operations and records cash interest received from the trusts and cash interest paid to bondholders of the CMBS not beneficially owned by the Company as financing cash flows.

The following table presents the Company’s recognized Trust’s Assets and Liabilities (in thousands):

Trust's Assets	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	$	5,612,472	$	6,720,246
Accrued interest receivable	3,390		4,029
Trust's Liabilities
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	(5,225,922)		(6,249,804)
Accrued interest payable	(2,740)		(3,207)

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The following table presents “Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities” (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net interest earned	$	9,804	$	9,455	$	31,334	$	25,623
Unrealized gain (loss)	(2,767)		(12,103)		(6,408)		(20,304)
Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities	$	7,037	$	(2,648)	$	24,926	$	5,319

The following tables present the geographies and property types of collateral underlying the CMBS trusts consolidated by the Company as a percentage of the collateral unpaid principal balance:

Geography	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Texas	15.77	%	17.95	%
Florida	14.07	%	13.82	%
Arizona	4.02	%	6.98	%
California	8.64	%	9.28	%
Georgia	4.33	%	4.68	%
Washington	7.71	%	6.88	%
New Jersey	3.99	%	3.97	%
Nevada	2.48	%	1.99	%
Pennsylvania	1.26	%	1.01	%
Colorado	7.70	%	6.21	%
Connecticut	2.04	%	3.64	%
North Carolina	4.14	%	3.53	%
New York	3.35	%	2.76	%
Ohio	2.48	%	2.00	%
Virginia	2.02	%	1.62	%
Indiana	2.11	%	1.69	%
Illinois	1.64	%	1.37	%
Michigan	1.37	%	1.11	%
Maryland	1.17	%	*
Missouri	1.55	%	1.25	%
Other (21 and 22 states each at <1%)	8.16	%	8.26	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

*Included in “Other.”

Collateral Property Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Multifamily	97.35	%	98.45	%
Manufactured Housing	2.65	%	1.55	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

5. Common Stock Investments

The Company owns approximately 25.7% of the total outstanding shares of common stock of NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc. ("NSP") and thus can exercise significant influence over NSP. NSP is a VIE and the Company has

15

determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of NSP. The investment qualifies to be accounted for using the equity method. However, the Company elected the fair-value option in accordance with ASC 825-10-10 for NSP.

The investment in NSP is a Level 3 asset in the fair value hierarchy and was initially measured using the entry price of the asset. The Company's valuation policy for common stock is to use readily available market prices on the relevant valuation date to the extent they are available. On a quarterly basis, the Company determines the value using widely accepted valuation techniques. A bottoms up approach was used by valuing the wholly-owned self-storage assets in aggregate and development loans individually. In this bottoms-up approach, the discounted cash flow methodology is applied to the self-storage assets owned by NSP. Additionally, the income approach is used to determine the fair value of the development loans owned by NSP whereby contractual cash flows are discounted at observable market discount rates. In addition, as a secondary check for reasonableness, a top down approach was applied whereby observable market terminal capitalization rates and discount rates are applied to the consolidated NSP cash flows. The valuation relies primarily on the bottoms-up approach, but uses the top down approach to corroborate the bottoms-up conclusion with a reasonable precision.

The Company owns approximately 6.36% of the total outstanding shares of common stock of a private ground lease REIT (the "Private REIT") as of September 30, 2023. The Company elected the fair-value option in accordance with ASC 825-10-10 for the Private REIT.

The investment in the Private REIT is a Level 3 asset in the fair value hierarchy and was initially measured using the convertible notes conversion share price of $17.50. On April 14, 2022, the two convertible notes converted into 1,394,213 shares or $25.0 million of common stock in the Private REIT, the parent company of the borrower under the convertible notes. As of September 30, 2023, the Company valued this investment based on the Private REIT's market approach price of $19.33 per share.

The Company owns approximately 98.0% of the total outstanding common equity of each of Resmark Forney Gateway Holdings, LLC ("RFGH") and Resmark The Brook, LLC ("RTB"). The investments in RFGH and RTB are equity method investments. These investments are held in entities that are considered VIEs as the power to direct activities is not proportional to ownership interests. The Company is not the primary beneficiary, but is deemed to have significant influence, and as such accounts for them using the equity method.

The following table presents the common stock investments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (in thousands, except share amounts):

Investment	Investment Date	Property Type	Shares		Fair Value
			September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Common Stock
NexPoint Storage Partners	11/6/2020	Self-storage	41,963	41,963	$	33,759	$	50,380
Private REIT	4/14/2022	Ground lease	1,394,213	1,394,213	26,950		27,884

The following table presents “Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments” (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Change in unrealized gain on NexPoint Storage Partners	$	(17,258)	$	(3,189)	$	(16,621)	$	(2,726)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on Private REIT	794		—		(935)		2,885
Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments	$	(16,464)	$	(3,189)	$	(17,556)	$	159

6. Variable Interest Entities

Consolidated VIEs

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At the end of each reporting period, the Company reassesses whether it remains the primary beneficiary for VIEs consolidated under the VIE model.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company has accounted for the following investments as unconsolidated VIEs:

Entities	Instrument	Asset Type	Percentage Ownership as of September 30, 2023		Relationship as of September 30, 2023
Unconsolidated Entities:
NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc.	Common Stock	Self-storage	25.7	%	VIE
Resmark Forney Gateway Holdings, LLC	Common Equity	Multifamily	98.0	%	VIE
Resmark The Brook, LLC	Common Equity	Multifamily	98.0	%	VIE
Alexander at the District	Common Equity	Multifamily	25.7	%	VIE

The Company's maximum exposure to loss of value for the NSP investment, inclusive of a related guaranty, is the fair value of the Company's $33.8 million NSP common stock investment and the guaranteed obligations with respect to NSP under the Sponsor Guaranty Agreement as defined below and described in Note 14 of $83.8 million. The Company's maximum exposure to loss of value for the RFGH and RTB common equity investments is the $1.0 million carrying value for each investment and may include an additional $2.8 million in unfunded commitments for each investment to the extent those commitments are funded. The Company's maximum exposure to loss of value for the Alexander at the District common equity investment is the $0.6 million carrying value of the investment. See Note 3 for further details.

7. CMBS Structured Pass-Through Certificates, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities

As of September 30, 2023, the Company held twelve CMBS interest only strips ("CMBS I/O Strips"), three MSCR Notes and seven mortgage backed securities at fair value. The CMBS I/O Strips consist of interest only tranches of Freddie Mac structured pass-through certificates with underlying portfolios of fixed-rate mortgage loans secured primarily by stabilized multifamily properties. The MSCR Notes are unguaranteed securities designed to transfer to investors a portion of the credit risk associated with eligible multifamily mortgages linked to a reference pool. Mortgage backed securities receive principal and interest on floating-rate loans secured by SFR, multifamily and self-storage properties.

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The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,638	Multifamily	2.09	%	15.13	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		16,840		Multifamily	3.08	%	18.00	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,078		Multifamily	1.71	%	18.36	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,446		Multifamily	3.50	%	17.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		404		Multifamily	2.39	%	22.06	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	3,610		Multifamily	1.32	%	16.11	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		815		Multifamily	1.28	%	19.34	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,270		Multifamily	1.96	%	18.03	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,225		Multifamily	3.20	%	15.30	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		227		Multifamily	2.70	%	16.21	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,400		Multifamily	2.04	%	17.47	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,518		Multifamily	3.05	%	15.24	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	42,471		2.58	%	17.46	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,020	Multifamily	14.79	%	14.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		5,000		Multifamily	11.79	%	11.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,305		Multifamily	12.14	%	13.34	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,325		13.00	%	13.15	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,898	Single-Family	8.63	%	8.93	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		9,173		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.03	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		529		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.32	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		845		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.15	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		3,937		Multifamily	11.35	%	11.33	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,856		Self Storage	11.09	%	11.11	%	9/15/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	3/10/2023		5,737		Multifamily	13.72	%	13.75	%	2/25/2025
Total			$	37,975		9.14	%	9.27	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

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The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,807	Multifamily	2.02	%	14.56	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		18,364		Multifamily	2.98	%	15.98	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,676		Multifamily	1.59	%	15.52	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,693		Multifamily	3.39	%	15.73	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		455		Multifamily	2.31	%	18.91	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	4,188		Multifamily	1.19	%	13.34	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		1,117		Multifamily	1.18	%	16.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,445		Multifamily	1.89	%	15.87	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,333		Multifamily	3.10	%	13.74	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		250		Multifamily	2.61	%	14.44	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,726		Multifamily	1.92	%	15.03	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,822		Multifamily	2.95	%	13.70	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	46,876		2.46	%	15.32	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,019	Multifamily	13.02	%	13.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		4,988		Multifamily	10.02	%	10.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,306		Multifamily	10.37	%	11.40	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,313		11.23	%	11.36	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,638	Single-Family	7.08	%	7.39	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		8,966		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.08	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		526		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.33	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		819		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.23	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		4,473		Multifamily	9.29	%	9.27	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,906		Self Storage	9.57	%	9.59	%	9/15/2027
Total			$	32,328		7.28	%	7.45	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

The following table presents activity related to the Company’s CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net interest earned	$	775	$	2,237	$	2,270	$	4,811
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on CMBS structured pass-through certificates	710		(3,904)		926		(11,555)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on MSCR notes	(15)		44		13		(147)
Change in unrealized (loss) on mortgage backed securities	27		(317)		247		(356)
Total	$	1,497	$	(1,940)	$	3,456	$	(7,247)

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8. Real Estate Investments, net

On December 31, 2021, the Company acquired a 204-unit multifamily property in Charlotte, North Carolina (Hudson Montford). The property was 95.1% and 96.1% occupied, with effective rent per occupied unit of $1,689 per month and $1,663, per month as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively. On February 1, 2022, the Company acquired a 368-unit multifamily property in Las Vegas, Nevada (Elysian at Hughes Center). As of December 31, 2022, the property was 94.0% occupied with effective rent per occupied unit of $1,927 per month as of December 31, 2022. The Company no longer maintains a common equity interest in this property and through a restructuring effective January 1, 2023, the investment is deconsolidated and presented solely as a preferred equity investment in 2023.

As of September 30, 2023, the major components of the Company's investment in multifamily property was as follows (in thousands):

Real Estate Investment, Net	Land		Buildings and Improvements		Intangible Lease Assets		Construction in Progress		Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment		Totals
Hudson Montford	$	10,996	$	49,856	$	—	$	401	$	680	$	61,933
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	—		(3,025)		—		—		(345)		(3,370)
Total Real Estate Investment, Net	$	10,996	$	46,831	$	—	$	401	$	335	$	58,563

As of December 31, 2022, the major components of the Company's investments in multifamily properties were as follows (in thousands):

Real Estate Investments, Net	Land		Buildings and Improvements		Intangible Lease Assets		Construction in Progress		Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment		Totals
Hudson Montford	$	10,996	$	49,831	$	—	$	2	$	602	$	61,431
Elysian at Hughes	25,590		160,141		—		—		—		185,731
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	—		(1,752)		—		—		(188)		(1,940)
Total Real Estate Investments, Net	$	36,586	$	208,220	$	—	$	2	$	414	$	245,222

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The following table reflects the revenue and expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, for our multifamily property (in thousands).

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenues
Rental income	$	1,032	$	3,061	$	3,057	$	8,136
Other income	51		394		90		972
Total revenues	1,083		3,455		3,147		9,108
Expenses
Interest expense	664		1,016		1,876		2,886
Real estate taxes and insurance	164		363		512		1,135
Property operating expenses	201		793		590		1,793
Property general and administrative expenses	39		56		111		247
Property management fees	31		79		90		220
Depreciation and amortization	476		545		1,430		2,435
Rate cap (income) expense	345		(420)		(181)		(923)
Debt service bridge	—		10		—		626
Casualty loss	19		—		(156)		—
Total expenses	1,939		2,442		4,272		8,419
Net income (loss) from consolidated real estate owned	$	(856)	$	1,013	$	(1,125)	$	689

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9. Debt

The following table summarizes the Company’s financing arrangements in place as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2023
	Facility										Collateral
	Date issued	Outstanding face amount		Carrying value		Final stated maturity		Weighted average interest rate (1)		Weighted average life (years) (2)	Outstanding face amount		Amortized cost basis		Carrying value (3)		Weighted average life (years) (2)
Master Repurchase Agreements
CMBS
Mizuho(4)	4/15/2020	$	298,009	$	298,009	N/A	(5)	7.23	%	0.1	$	853,574	$	434,890	$	425,949	6.6
Asset Specific Financing
Single Family Rental loans
Freddie Mac	7/12/2019	617,648		617,648		7/12/2029		2.34	%	4.6	675,844		708,003		708,003		4.6
Mezzanine loans
Freddie Mac	10/20/2020	59,252		59,252		8/1/2031		0.30	%	6.5	96,817		98,898		98,898		6.5
Multifamily properties
CBRE	12/31/2021	32,425		32,205		6/1/2028	(6)	7.78	%	4.7	N/A		58,563		58,563		4.7
Unsecured Financing
Various	10/15/2020	36,500		35,768		10/25/2025		7.50	%	2.1	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	4/20/2021	165,000		163,357		4/15/2026		5.75	%	2.5	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	10/18/2022	6,500		6,500		10/18/2027		7.50	%	4.1	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Total/weighted average		$	1,215,334	$	1,212,739			4.23	%	3.2	$	1,626,235	$	1,300,354	$	1,291,413	5.7

(1)Weighted-average interest rate using unpaid principal balances.

(2)Weighted-average life is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

(3)CMBS are shown at fair value on an unconsolidated basis. SFR Loans and mezzanine loans are shown at amortized cost.

(4)On April 15, 2020, three of our subsidiaries entered into a master repurchase agreement with Mizuho Securities ("Mizuho"). Borrowings under these repurchase agreements are collateralized by portions of the CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities.

(5)The master repurchase agreement with Mizuho does not have a stated maturity date. The transactions in place have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

(6)Debt was assumed upon acquisition of this property and recorded at the outstanding principal amount, net of debt issuance costs. The loan can be prepaid at a 1.0% prepayment premium on any unpaid principal. The loan is open to pre-payment in the last three months of the term.

22

The following table summarizes the Company’s financing arrangements in place as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2022
	Facility										Collateral
	Date issued	Outstanding face amount		Carrying value		Final stated maturity		Weighted average interest rate (1)		Weighted average life (years) (2)	Outstanding face amount		Amortized cost basis		Carrying value (3)		Weighted average life (years) (2)
Master Repurchase Agreements
CMBS
Mizuho(4)	4/15/2020	$	331,020	$	331,020	N/A	(5)	5.83	%	0.2	$	974,440	$	543,919	$	539,736	7.0
Asset Specific Financing
Single Family Rental loans
Freddie Mac	7/12/2019	628,633		628,633		7/12/2029		2.35	%	5.4	688,046		726,531		726,531		5.4
Mezzanine loans
Freddie Mac	10/20/2020	59,252		59,252		8/1/2031		0.30	%	7.3	105,817		108,390		108,390		7.3
Multifamily properties
CBRE	12/31/2021	32,480		32,176		6/1/2028	(6)	5.80	%	5.4	N/A		59,491		59,491		5.4
CBRE	2/1/2022	89,634		89,060		2/1/2032		3.52	%	9.1	N/A		185,731		185,731		9.1
Unsecured Financing
Various	10/15/2020	36,500		35,530		10/25/2025		7.50	%	2.8	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	4/20/2021	165,000		162,930		4/15/2026		5.75	%	3.3	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	10/18/2022	6,500		6,500		10/18/2027		7.50	%	4.8	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Total/weighted average		$	1,349,019	$	1,345,101			3.85	%	4.1	$	1,768,303	$	1,624,062	$	1,619,879	6.4

(1)Weighted-average interest rate using unpaid principal balances.

(2)Weighted-average life is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

(3)CMBS are shown at fair value on an unconsolidated basis. SFR Loans and mezzanine loans are shown at amortized cost.

(4)On April 15, 2020, three of our subsidiaries entered into a master repurchase agreement with Mizuho. Borrowings under these repurchase agreements are collateralized by portions of the CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities.

(5)The master repurchase agreement with Mizuho does not have a stated maturity date. The transactions in place have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

(6)Debt was assumed upon acquisition of this property and recorded at the outstanding principal amount, net of debt issuance costs. The loan can be prepaid at a 1.0% prepayment premium on any unpaid principal. The loan is open to pre-payment in the last three months of the term.

We, through the Subsidiary OPs, have borrowed approximately $298.0 million under our repurchase agreements and posted $1.2 billion par value of our CMBS B-Piece, CMBS I/O Strip, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed security investments as collateral as of September 30, 2023. The CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities held as collateral are illiquid and irreplaceable in nature. These assets are restricted solely to satisfy the interest and principal balances owed to the lender, as described in our Annual Report.

As of September 30, 2023, the outstanding principal balances related to the SFR Loans and levered Mezzanine Loans consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

23

Investment	Investment Date	Outstanding Principal Balance (1)		Location	Property Type	Interest Type	Interest Rate		Maturity Date
SFR Loans
Senior loan	2/11/2020	$	465,690	Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.24	%	9/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	46,094		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.14	%	10/1/2025
Senior loan	2/11/2020	34,112		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.70	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	9,170		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.79	%	9/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	9,284		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.45	%	3/1/2026
Senior loan	2/11/2020	8,558		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.51	%	2/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	8,805		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	7,913		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.14	%	1/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	6,524		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.98	%	2/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,874		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.99	%	3/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,435		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.40	%	2/1/2024
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,240		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.14	%	12/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	4,949		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.64	%	10/1/2028
Total		$	617,648				2.34	%
Mezzanine Loans
Senior loan	10/20/2020	$	8,723	Wilmington, DE	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	6/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	7,344		White Marsh, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	4/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	6,353		Philadelphia, PA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	5,881		Daytona Beach, FL	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	4,523		Laurel, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	4,179		Temple Hills, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	1/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	3,390		Temple Hills, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	5/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	3,348		Lakewood, NJ	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	5/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,454		North Aurora, IL	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,264		Rosedale, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,215		Cockeysville, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,026		Laurel, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,836		Vancouver, WA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	8/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,763		Tyler, TX	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,307		Las Vegas, NV	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	918		Atlanta, GA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	8/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	728		Des Moines, IA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	3/1/2029
Total		$	59,252				0.30	%

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(1)Outstanding principal balance represents the total repurchase agreement balance outstanding as of September 30, 2023.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the activity related to the carrying value of the master repurchase agreements, secured financing agreements and unsecured financing were as follows (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Balances as of January 1,	$	1,345,101	$	1,273,051
Adjustment to mortgages payable, net on deconsolidation of real estate	(89,012)		—
Principal borrowings	44,892		252,796
Principal repayments	(88,888)		(161,999)
Repurchase of unsecured notes	—		(2,879)
Repurchase of unsecured notes, not yet settled	—		(1,950)
Accretion of discounts	666		572
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(20)		36
Balances as of September 30,	$	1,212,739	$	1,359,627

Schedule of Debt Maturities

The aggregate scheduled maturities, including amortizing principal payments, of total debt for the next five calendar years subsequent to September 30, 2023 are as follows (in thousands):

Year	Recourse		Non-recourse		Total
2023(1)	$	—	$	298,009	$	298,009
2024	—		5,435		5,435
2025	36,500		46,094		82,594
2026	197,426		9,284		206,710
2027	6,500		—		6,500
Thereafter	—		616,086		616,086
	$	240,426	$	974,908	$	1,215,334

(1)The transactions in place in the master repurchase agreement with Mizuho have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair-value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering market-participant assumptions in fair-value measurements, ASC 820 establishes a fair-value hierarchy that distinguishes between market-participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market-participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy):

•Level 1 inputs are adjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

•Level 2 inputs are other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates and yield curves, that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

•Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability and include situations where there is little, if any, related market activity for the asset or liability.

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The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair-value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to market risks, including the effect of changes in interest rates. We may enter into derivative financial instruments to offset this underlying market risk. There have been no significant changes in our policy and strategy from what was disclosed in the financial statements included in our Annual Report.

Financial Instruments Carried at Fair Value

See Note 2 and Notes 4 through 7 for additional information.

Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest and dividends, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities and accrued interest payable approximated their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The estimated fair values of other financial instruments were determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair values. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company would realize on the disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

In calculating the fair value of its long-term indebtedness, the Company used interest rate and spread assumptions that reflect current creditworthiness and market conditions available for the issuance of long-term debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. These financial instruments utilize Level 2 inputs.

Amounts borrowed under master repurchase agreements are based on their contractual amounts that reasonably approximate their fair value given the short to moderate term and floating rate nature.

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The carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as other financial instruments not carried at fair value as of September 30, 2023 (in thousands):

			Fair Value
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	10,977	$	10,977	$	—	$	—	$	10,977
Restricted cash	1,942		1,942		—		—		1,942
Loans, held-for-investment, net	320,151		—		—		329,344		329,344
Common stock investments, at fair value	60,709		—		—		60,709		60,709
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net	708,003		—		—		689,312		689,312
Accrued interest	21,489		21,489		—		—		21,489
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,612,472		—		5,612,472		—		5,612,472
CMBS structured pass-through certificates, at fair value	42,471		—		42,471		—		42,471
MSCR notes, at fair value	10,325		—		10,325		—		10,325
Mortgage backed securities, at fair value	37,975		—		37,975		—		37,975
Accounts receivable and other assets	1,276		1,276		—		—		1,276
	$	6,827,790	$	35,684	$	5,703,243	$	1,079,365	$	6,818,292
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	$	676,900	$	—	$	—	$	691,428	$	691,428
Master repurchase agreements	298,009		—		—		298,009		298,009
Unsecured notes, net	205,625		—		178,116		—		178,116
Mortgages payable, net	32,205		—		—		25,471		25,471
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	3,405		3,405		—		—		3,405
Accrued interest payable	10,124		10,124		—		—		10,124
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,225,922		—		5,225,922		—		5,225,922
	$	6,452,190	$	13,529	$	5,404,038	$	1,014,908	$	6,432,475

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The carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as other financial instruments not carried at fair value as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

			Fair Value
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	20,048	$	20,048	$	—	$	—	$	20,048
Restricted cash	299		299		—		—		299
Loans, held-for-investment, net	256,147		—		—		255,254		255,254
Common stock investment, at fair value	78,264		—		—		78,264		78,264
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net	726,531		—		—		727,533		727,533
Accrued interest	15,665		15,665		—		—		15,665
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	6,720,246		—		6,720,246		—		6,720,246
CMBS structured pass-through certificates, at fair value	46,876		—		46,876		—		46,876
MSCR notes, at fair value	10,313		—		10,313		—		10,313
Mortgage backed securities, at fair value	32,328		—		32,328		—		32,328
Accounts receivable and other assets	2,197		2,197		—		—		2,197
	$	7,908,914	$	38,209	$	6,809,763	$	1,061,051	$	7,909,023
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	$	687,885	$	—	$	—	$	713,253	$	713,253
Master repurchase agreements	331,020		—		—		331,020		331,020
Unsecured notes, net	204,960		—		175,560		—		175,560
Mortgages payable, net	121,236		—		—		121,236		121,236
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	6,231		6,236		—		—		6,236
Accrued interest payable	7,986		7,986		—		—		7,986
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	6,249,804		—		6,249,804		—		6,249,804
	$	7,609,122	$	14,222	$	6,425,364	$	1,165,509	$	7,605,095

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s investment in NSP are the discount rate and terminal capitalization rate. Significant increases (decreases) in any of those inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. The Company's investment in the Private REIT was transferred out of level 2 to level 3 due to a lack of observable market data for the three months ended December 31, 2022. The following is a summary of significant unobservable inputs used in the fair valuation of the Company's Level 3 assets carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Carrying Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Range	Weighted Average (1)
NexPoint Storage Partners	$	33,759	Discounted cash flow	Terminal cap rate	5.13% - 5.63%	5.38	%
				Discount rate	7.75% - 9.75%	8.75	%
Private REIT	$	26,950	Market approach	NAV per share multiple	1.00 - 1.21x	1.11x

(1)Averages are weighted based on the fair value of the related instrument

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The table below reflects a summary of changes for the Company's Level 3 common stock assets carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

	Balance as of 12/31/22		Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses)		Balance as of 9/30/23
NexPoint Storage Partners	$	50,380	$	(16,621)	$	33,759
Private REIT	$	27,884	$	(934)	$	26,950

Other Financial Instruments Carried at Fair Value

Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP have a redemption feature and are marked to their redemption value if such value exceeds the carrying value of the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (see Note 13). The redemption value is based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the redemption date, and therefore, is calculated based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the balance sheet date. Since the valuation is based on observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP are classified as Level 2 if they are adjusted to their redemption value. At September 30, 2023, the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP are valued at their carrying value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 13).

11. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company issued 151,970 shares of common stock pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance 2020 Long Term Incentive Plan (the "2020 LTIP").

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had 17,518,900 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, issued and 17,231,913 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

Preferred Stock

On July 24, 2020, the Company issued 2,000,000 shares of its 8.50% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) at a price to the public of $24.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $48.0 million before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $1.2 million and other offering expenses of approximately $0.8 million. The Series A Preferred Stock has a $25.00 per share liquidation preference.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company has 1,645,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding.

Share Repurchase Program

On March 9, 2020, the Board authorized a share repurchase program (the “Prior Share Repurchase Program”) through which the Company could repurchase an indeterminate number of shares of our common stock at an aggregate market value of up to $10.0 million in shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, during a two-year period that expired on March 9, 2022. On September 28, 2020, the Board authorized the expansion of the Prior Share Repurchase Program to include the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock with the same period and repurchase limit. The Company was able to utilize various methods to affect the repurchases, and the timing and extent of the repurchases will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, regulatory requirements and other corporate considerations, including whether the Company’s common stock is trading at a significant discount to net asset value ("NAV") per share. From inception through expiration, the Company repurchased 327,422 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a total cost of approximately $4.8 million, or $14.61 per share. These repurchased shares of common stock are classified as treasury stock and reduce the number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding and, accordingly, are considered in the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period. On March 3, 2021, the Company cancelled 40,435 shares of common stock, reducing the total classified as treasury stock to 286,987.

On February 22, 2023, the Board authorized a share repurchase program (the “Share Repurchase Program”) through which the Company may repurchase an indeterminate number of shares of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock at an aggregate market value of up to $20.0 million in shares of its common stock during a two-year period set to expire on February 22, 2025. The Company may utilize various methods to affect the repurchases, and the timing and extent of the repurchases will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, regulatory requirements and other

29

corporate considerations, including whether the Company’s common stock is trading at a significant discount to NAV per share. Repurchases under this program may be discontinued at any time. The Company has not made any purchases under the Share Repurchase Program as of the date of this report.

The following table includes the number of restricted stock units granted, vested, forfeited and outstanding as of September 30, 2023:

	2023
	Number of Units		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding January 1, 2023	577,360		$	17.88
Granted	440,055		15.14
Vested	(201,678)	(1)	17.27
Forfeited	—		—
Outstanding September 30, 2023	815,737		$	16.71

(1)Certain key employees of the Manager elected to net the taxes owed upon vesting against the shares issued resulting in 151,970 shares being issued as shown on the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity.

The following table includes the number of restricted stock units granted, vested, forfeited and outstanding as of September 30, 2023:

	Shares Vesting
	February	April	May	Total
2024	120,640	126,042	68,564	315,246
2025	120,646	104,672	—	225,318
2026	65,832	104,670	—	170,502
2027	—	104,671	—	104,671
Total	307,118	440,055	68,564	815,737

At-The-Market-Offering

On March 15, 2022, the Company, the OP and the Manager entered into separate equity distribution agreements (the “2022 Equity Distribution Agreements”) with each of Raymond James, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated and Virtu Americas LLC (collectively, the “2022 Sales Agents”), pursuant to which the Company could issue and sell from time to time shares of the Company's common stock and Series A Preferred Stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $100.0 million (the “2022 ATM Program”). The 2022 Equity Distribution Agreements provided for the issuance and sale of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock by the Company through a sales agent acting as a sales agent or directly to the sales agent acting as principal for its own account at a price agreed upon at the time of sale.

Sales of shares of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock under the 2022 ATM Program, if any, may be made in transactions that are deemed to be “at the market” offerings, as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act") including, without limitation, sales made by means of ordinary brokers' transactions on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE"), to or through a market maker at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices based on prevailing market prices.

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The following table contains summary information of the 2022 ATM Program since its inception through September 30, 2023:

Gross Proceeds	$	12,575,493
Shares of Common Stock Issued	531,728
Gross Average Sale Price per Share of Common Stock	$	23.65
Sales Commissions	$	188,655
Offering Costs	888,249
Net Proceeds	$	11,498,589
Average Price Per Share, net	$	21.62

Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary

On April 1, 2021, a subsidiary of one of the Subsidiary OPs (such subsidiary, the “REIT Sub”) closed its issuance of 125 preferred membership units of the REIT Sub (the “Preferred Membership Units”) at a price of $1,000 per unit, for gross proceeds of approximately $0.1 million, net of offering costs and initial administrative expenses. Holders of Preferred Membership Units are entitled to receive distributions semiannually from the REIT Sub at a per annum rate equal to 12.0% of the total of the purchase price of $1,000 per unit plus accumulated and unpaid distributions. The Preferred Membership Units are generally redeemable by the REIT Sub at any time for $1,000 per unit plus accumulated and unpaid distributions and an additional redemption premium if the Preferred Membership Units are redeemed on or before December 31, 2023. The issuance of the 125 Preferred Membership Units is presented as “Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity.

OP Unit Redemptions

At the 2021 annual meeting of the Company, the Company's stockholders approved the potential issuance of 13,758,906 shares of the Company's common stock to related parties in connection with the redemption of their OP Units or SubOP Units that may be redeemed for OP Units. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had redeemed and issued 8,748,735 shares of the Company's common stock to redeeming unitholders.

Dividends

The Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share on December 15, 2022, which was paid on January 25, 2023, to preferred stockholders of record as of January 13, 2023.

The Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share on February 22, 2023, which was paid on April 25, 2023, to preferred stockholders of record as of April 13, 2023.

The Board declared the first regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on February 22, 2023, which was paid on March 31, 2023, to common stockholders of record on March 15, 2023.

The Board declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on February 22, 2023, which was paid on March 31, 2023, to common stockholders of record on March 15, 2023.

The Board declared the second regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on April 24, 2023, which was paid on June 30, 2023, to common stockholders of record on June 15, 2023.

The Board declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on April 24, 2023, which was paid on June 30, 2023, to common stockholders of record on June 15, 2023.

The Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share on June 13, 2023, which was paid on July 25, 2023, to preferred stockholders of record as of July 13, 2023.

The Board declared the third regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on July 25, 2023, which was paid on September 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record on September 15, 2023.

The Board declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on July 25, 2023, which was paid on September 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record on September 15, 2023.

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The Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share on September 19, 2023, which was paid on October 25, 2023, to preferred stockholders of record as of October 13, 2023.

12. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding and excludes any unvested restricted stock units issued pursuant to the 2020 LTIP.

Diluted earnings per share is computed by adjusting basic earnings per share for the dilutive effect of the assumed vesting of restricted stock units. Additionally, the Company includes the dilutive effect of the potential redemption of OP Units for common shares in accordance with the amended partnership agreement of the OP (the "OP LPA"). During periods of net loss, the assumed vesting of restricted stock units is anti-dilutive and is not included in the calculation of earnings (loss) per share.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(15,550)	$	(9,289)	$	(3,236)	$	6,967
Earnings for basic computations
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(2,374)		(1,889)		1,419		5,080
Net income for diluted computations	$	(17,924)	$	(11,178)	$	(1,817)	$	12,047
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
Average number of common shares outstanding - basic	17,232		14,962		17,188		14,526
Average number of unvested restricted stock units	816		578		723		569
Average number of OP Units and SubOP Units	5,038		7,138		5,038		7,307
Average number of common shares outstanding - diluted	23,086		22,678		22,949		22,402
Earnings per weighted average common share:
Basic	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	$	(0.19)	$	0.48
Diluted	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	$	(0.19)	$	0.48

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13. Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in the OP

The following table sets forth the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (reflecting the OP’s consolidation of the Subsidiary OPs) for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022 (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP, January 1,	$	96,501	$	261,423
Adjustment to redeemable noncontrolling interest in the OP on deconsolidation of real estate	297		—
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	1,419		5,080
Redemption of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	—		(113,535)
Distributions to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	(9,069)		(10,708)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP, September 30,	$	89,148	$	142,260

The table below presents the common shares and OP Units outstanding held by the noncontrolling interests (“NCI”), as the OP Units and SubOP Units held by the Company are eliminated in consolidation:

Period End	Common Shares Outstanding	OP Units Held by NCI	Combined Outstanding
September 30, 2023	17,231,913	5,038,382	22,270,295

14. Related Party Transactions

Management Fee

In accordance with the Management Agreement, the Company pays the Manager an annual management fee equal to 1.5% of Equity (as defined below), paid monthly, in cash or shares of Company common stock at the election of our Manager (the “Annual Fee”). The duties performed by the Company’s Manager under the terms of the Management Agreement include, but are not limited to: providing daily management for the Company, selecting and working with third-party service providers, formulating an investment strategy for the Company and selecting suitable investments, managing the Company’s outstanding debt and its interest rate exposure and determining when to sell assets.

“Equity” means (a) the sum of (1) total stockholders’ equity immediately prior to the closing of the IPO, plus (2) the net proceeds received by the Company from all issuances of the Company’s equity securities in and after the IPO, plus (3) the Company’s cumulative Earnings Available for Distribution (“EAD”) (as defined below) from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter, (b) less (1) any distributions to the holders of the Company’s common stock from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter and (2) all amounts that the Company or any of its subsidiaries has paid to repurchase for cash the shares of the Company’s equity securities from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter. In the Company’s calculation of Equity, the Company will adjust its calculation of EAD to remove the compensation expense relating to awards granted under one or more of its long-term incentive plans that is added back in the calculation of EAD. Additionally, for the avoidance of doubt, Equity does not include the assets contributed to the Company in the Formation Transaction.

“EAD” means the net income (loss) attributable to the common stockholders of the Company, computed in accordance with GAAP, including realized gains and losses not otherwise included in net income (loss), excluding any unrealized gains or losses or other similar non-cash items that are included in net income (loss) for the applicable reporting period, regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income (loss), or in net income (loss) and adding back amortization of stock-based compensation. For the purpose of calculating EAD for the Annual Fee, net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders may also be adjusted for the effects of certain GAAP adjustments and transactions that may not be indicative of the Company’s current operations, in each case after discussions between the Manager and the independent directors of the Board and approved by a majority of the independent directors of the Board. EAD has replaced our prior presentation of Core Earnings.

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Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, the Company is required to pay directly or reimburse the Manager for all documented Operating Expenses and Offering Expenses it incurs on behalf of the Company. “Operating Expenses” include legal, accounting, financial and due diligence services performed by the Manager that outside professionals or outside consultants would otherwise perform, the Company’s pro rata share of rent, telephone, utilities, office furniture, equipment, machinery and other office, internal and overhead expenses of the Manager required for the Company’s operations and compensation expenses under the 2020 LTIP. “Offering Expenses” include all expenses (other than underwriters’ discounts) in connection with an offering of securities, including, without limitation, legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees and other documented offering expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no Offering Expenses that were paid on the Company’s behalf for which the Company reimbursed the Manager.

Connections at Buffalo Pointe Contribution

On May 29, 2020, the OP entered into a contribution agreement (the “Buffalo Pointe Contribution Agreement”) with entities affiliated with executive officers of the Company and the Manager (the “BP Contributors”) whereby the BP Contributors contributed their respective preferred membership interests in NexPoint Buffalo Pointe Holdings, LLC (“Buffalo Pointe”), to the OP for total consideration of $10.0 million paid in OP Units. A total of 564,334 OP Units were issued to the BP Contributors, which was calculated by dividing the total consideration of $10.0 million by the combined book value of the Company’s common stock and the SubOP Units, on a per share or unit basis, as of the end of the first quarter, or $17.72 per OP Unit. The Company additionally contributed an aggregate of approximately $1.7 million on January 9, 2023, March 6, 2023, March 28, 2023, May 25, 2023, and August 16, 2023. Buffalo Pointe owns a stabilized multifamily property located in Houston, Texas with 90.5% occupancy as of September 30, 2023. The preferred equity investment pays current interest at a rate of 6.5%, deferred interest at a rate of 4.5%, has a loan-to-value ratio of 75.6% and a maturity date of May 1, 2030.

Pursuant to the OP LPA and the Buffalo Pointe Contribution Agreement, the BP Contributors have the right to cause our OP to redeem their OP Units for cash or, at our election, shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment, as provided and subject to the limitations in our OP LPA, provided the OP Units have been outstanding for at least one year and our stockholders have approved the issuance of shares of common stock to the BP Contributors. On May 11, 2021, our stockholders approved the issuance of such shares upon the exercise of the BP Contributors' redemption rights.

RSU Issuance

On May 8, 2020, in accordance with the 2020 LTIP, the Company granted 14,739 restricted stock units to its directors, on June 24, 2020, the Company granted 274,274 restricted stock units to its officers and other employees of the Manager, on November 2, 2020, the Company granted 1,838 restricted stock units to the sole member of the general partner of one of the Company’s subsidiaries, on February 22, 2021, the Company granted 233,385 restricted stock units to its directors, officers employees and certain key employees of the Manager and its affiliates, the Company granted 1,201 restricted stock units to the sole member of the general partner of one of the Company's subsidiaries, on February 21, 2022, the Company granted 264,476 restricted stock units to its officers and other employees of the Manager and 12,464 restricted stock units to its directors, and on April 4, 2023, the Company granted 418,685 restricted stock units to its officers and other employees of the Manager and 21,370 restricted stock units to its directors.

OP Unit Redemptions

At the 2021 annual meeting of the Company, the Company's stockholders approved the potential issuance of 13,758,906 shares of the Company's common stock to related parties in connection with the redemption of their OP Units or SubOP Units that may be redeemed for OP Units. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had redeemed and issued 8,748,735 shares of the Company's common stock to redeeming unitholders.

Expense Cap

Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, direct payment of operating expenses by the Company, which includes compensation expense relating to equity awards granted under the 2020 LTIP, together with reimbursement of operating expenses of the Manager, plus the Annual Fee, may not exceed 2.5% of equity book value (the “Expense Cap”) for any calendar year or portion thereof; provided, however, that this limitation will not apply to Offering Expenses, legal, accounting, financial, due diligence and other service fees incurred in connection with extraordinary litigation and mergers and acquisitions and other events outside the ordinary course of business or any out-of-pocket acquisition or due diligence expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition or disposition of certain real estate-related investments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, operating expenses did not exceed the Expense Cap.

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For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred management fees of $2.5 million and $2.3 million, respectively.

Notes Offering

On April 20, 2021, the Company issued $75.0 million aggregate amount of its 5.75% Notes at a price equal to 99.5% par value for proceeds of approximately $73.1 million after original issue discount and underwriting fees. An account advised by NexAnnuity Asset Management, L.P., an affiliate of the Manager, purchased $2.5 million par value of the 5.75% Notes at issuance.

Bridge Loan

On March 31, 2022, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, originated a bridge loan for $13.5 million to a subsidiary of an entity advised by an affiliate of the Manager. The bridge loan was secured by a development property in Las Vegas, Nevada, and was used by the borrower to finance the acquisition of the property prior to obtaining construction financing. The loan bore interest at a rate of 1.50% plus the WSJ Prime Rate and was set to mature on October 1, 2022. On August 9, 2022, the bridge loan was paid off.

NSP Guaranty

On December 8, 2022 and in connection with a restructuring of NSP, the Company, through REIT Sub, together with NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust, Highland Income Fund and NexPoint Real Estate Strategies Fund (collectively, the "Co-Guarantors"), as guarantors, entered into a sponsor guaranty agreement in favor of Extra Space Storage, LP ("Extra Space") pursuant to which REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors guaranteed obligations of NSP with respect to NSP’s newly created Series D Preferred Stock and one promissory note in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $49.2 million issued to Extra Space (the "Sponsor Guaranty Agreement"). The guaranties by REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors are capped at $97.6 million, which will be reduced as the guaranteed obligations of NSP are paid. Each of REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors generally guaranteed the foregoing obligations of NSP up to the cap amount on a pro rata basis with respect to its percentage ownership of NSP’s common stock. The maximum liability of the Company under the guaranties is approximately $83.8 million.

NSP Promissory Note

On September 29, 2023, a subsidiary of NSP issued $5.0 million aggregate amount of a 11.00% note maturing on September 29, 2024 to a subsidiary of the Company (the "Promissory Note").

Convertible Promissory Note

On October 18, 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary, borrowed $6.5 million from NFRO REIT Sub, LLC (the "Holder") and issued $6.5 million aggregate amount of a 7.50% note to the Holder maturing on October 18, 2027. Beginning on January 1, 2023 through June 30, 2027, the Holder may elect to convert all or any part of the outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest due, and all other amounts due and payable to the Holder thereunder or in connection therewith, into equity interests of an affiliate of the borrower.

Elysian at Hughes Center

On February 1, 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary (the “Trust”), purchased the Elysian at Hughes Center, a 368-unit multifamily property in Las Vegas, Nevada, for a total of $184.1 million. The Trust is managed by an affiliate of the Manager (the “Asset Manager”). Effective January 1, 2023, the Company restructured this investment such that it does not meet the requirements for consolidation under ASC 810 – Consolidation and has been deconsolidated herein as of January 1, 2023 and presented as a preferred equity investment. As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned a preferred equity investment and indirect common equity interests in Elysian at Hughes Center, which resulted in the consolidation at year end. However, the common equity interests have been transferred to the Asset Manager in exchange for $54,000 and a guarantee of payments due to the Company in respect of its preferred equity investment if the investment is not redeemed prior to the close of the ongoing private offering of Class I Beneficial Interests in the Trust, which will continue until the maximum offering amount of $115.3 million has been reached or, if earlier, until December 31, 2023. The Company’s preferred investments were initially made from December 28, 2021 through July 26, 2022 and totaled $65.3 million. Following the transfer of the common equity interests, the Company no longer is the primary beneficiary of the Trust and as such does not consolidate it. The Company recognized a gain on deconsolidation of $1.5 million related to the residual effect of removing the consolidated assets and liabilities from the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of the preferred equity investment still approximates its par value so no portion of the gain on deconsolidation is related to a remeasurement of the fair value of the preferred equity investment. Management determined the fair value of the preferred

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equity investment using a market approach and performing a benchmarking analysis to comparable transactions. As of September 30, 2023, $50.5 million of the Company's preferred investment in Elysian at Hughes Center had been redeemed, resulting in a remaining principal balance of $14.8 million.

Cellipont

On May 17, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, committed to purchase $4.2 million of the preferred units with respect to a life sciences property development located in Houston, Texas, of which $0.2 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. The investment was entered into as a co-investment with affiliates of the Company.

15. Commitments and Contingencies

Except as otherwise disclosed below, the Company is not aware of any contractual obligations, legal proceedings or any other contingent obligations incurred in the normal course of business that would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.

On September 29, 2021, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, entered into an agreement to purchase up to $50.0 million in a new preferred equity investment (the “Preferred Units”) upon notice from the issuer. Subject to certain conditions, the Company may be required to purchase an additional $25.0 million of Preferred Units at the option of the issuer. The funds are expected to be used to capitalize special purpose limited liability companies (“PropCos”) to engage in sale-and-leaseback transactions and development transactions on life science real property. On September, 22, 2023, the issuer exercised its right to extend the final obligation date to purchase any additional Preferred Units to September 29, 2024. As of September 30, 2023, the Company may have the obligation to fund an additional $6.6 million by September 29, 2024, which the issuer may extend for up to one year at its option for an extension fee. The Preferred Units accrue distributions at a rate of 10.0% annually, compounded monthly. Distributions on the Preferred Units will be paid in cash with respect to stabilized PropCos and paid in kind with respect to unstabilized PropCos. The obligations of the issuer will be supported by a pledge of all equity units of the PropCos. All or a portion of the Preferred Units may be redeemed at any time for a redemption price equal to the purchase price of the Preferred Units to be redeemed plus any accrued and unpaid distributions thereon and a cash redemption fee. Upon the redemption of any Preferred Units and if the parties agree, the remaining amount to be funded by the Company may be increased by the aggregate purchase price of the redeemed Preferred Units. In addition, if the issuer experiences a change of control, the redemption price will also include a payment equal to the amount needed to achieve a multiple on invested capital ("MOIC") equal to 1.25x for unstabilized PropCos and 1.10x for stabilized PropCos. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has not recorded any contingencies on its Consolidated Balance Sheets as the obligation to fund additional Preferred Units other than under the existing commitment is considered remote.

On March 14, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, committed to fund $24.0 million of preferred equity with respect to a ground up construction horizontal single-family property located in Phoenix, Arizona, of which $20.1 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. The preferred equity investment provides a floating annual return that is the greater of prime rate plus 5.0% or 11.25%, compounded monthly with a MOIC of 1.30x and 1.0% placement fee. The Company was also issued a common interest at the time of its first funding of preferred equity on May 16, 2023. The common interest allows the Company to receive a 10% profit share once aggregate distributions exceed the 20% IRR hurdle as shown below. There was no value ascribed to the common interest as of September 30, 2023. Further, once the Company's preferred equity and accrued interest has been repaid, any additional cash flow and net sale proceeds shall be distributed as follows:

•0% to the Company and 100% to issuer up to a 20.0% internal rate of return ("IRR")

•10% to the Company and 90% to issuer thereafter

On February 10, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, through a unit purchase agreement, committed to purchase $30.3 million of the preferred units with respect to a multifamily property development located in Forney, Texas, of which $9.4 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. Further, the Company committed to purchase $4.3 million of common equity with respect to the same property, of which $3.3 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023.

On February 10, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, through a unit purchase agreement, committed to purchase $30.3 million of the preferred units with respect to a multifamily property development located in Richmond, Virginia, of which $16.1 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. Further, the Company committed to

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purchase $4.3 million of common equity with respect to the same property, of which $3.3 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023.

The table below shows the Company's unfunded commitments by investment type as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

Investment Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	Unfunded Commitments		Unfunded Commitments
Preferred Equity	$	52,200	$	25,000
Common Equity	6,600		—
	$	58,800	$	25,000

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16. Subsequent Events

Alexander at the District

The Company, through its subsidiaries, holds a preferred equity investment in SPG Alexander JV LLC, which owns a 280 unit multifamily property in Atlanta, Georgia. On October 10, 2023, the Company exercised its right to terminate and replace the existing manager of SPG Alexander JV, LLC, with NREF Alexander Manager, LLC, which the Company has 100% ownership of through the OP. The OP is the primary beneficiary of SPG Alexander JV LLC as of October 10, 2023, the property is expected to be consolidated in our consolidated financial statements in the fourth quarter.

Dividends Declared

The Board declared the fourth regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on October 30, 2023, to be paid on December 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record on December 15, 2023.

The Board declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on October 30, 2023, to be paid on December 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record on December 15, 2023.

Series B Preferred Stock Offering

On November 2, 2023, the Company announced the launch of a continuous public offering of up to 16,000,000 shares of its newly designated 9.00% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”) at a price to the public of $25.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $400 million. NexPoint Securities, Inc., an affiliate of the Manager, will serve as the Company’s dealer manager (the "Dealer Manager") in connection with the offering. The Dealer Manager will use its reasonable best efforts to sell the shares of Series B Preferred Stock offered in the offering, and the Company will pay the Dealer Manager, subject to the discounts and other special circumstances described or referenced therein, (i) selling commissions of 7.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from sales of Series B Preferred Stock in the offering (“Selling Commissions”) and (ii) a dealer manager fee of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from sales of Series B Preferred Stock in the offering (the “Dealer Manager Fee”). The Dealer Manager, subject to federal and state securities laws, will reallow all or any portion of the Selling Commissions and may reallow a portion of the Dealer Manager Fee to other securities dealers that the Dealer Manager may retain who sold the shares of Series B Preferred Stock as will be described more fully in the agreements between such dealers and the Dealer Manager. The Company expects that the offering will terminate on the earlier of the date the Company sells all 16,000,000 shares of the Series B Preferred Stock in the offering or March 14, 2025 (which is the third anniversary of the effective date of the Company’s registration statement), which may be extended by the Company’s board of directors in its sole discretion. The board of directors may elect to terminate this offering at any time.

Preferred Equity Investments

The Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, purchased $11.0 million of preferred units on November 9, 2023 with respect to a life science focused real estate company.

NSP Promissory Note

On October 27, 2023, the Promissory Note of $5.0 million was repaid in full plus accrued interest.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations. The following should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and accompanying notes included herein and with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those projected, forecasted, or expected in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, but not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere in this quarterly report. See “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Our management believes the assumptions underlying the Company's financial statements and accompanying notes are reasonable. However, the Company's financial statements and accompanying notes may not be an indication of our financial condition and results of operations in the future.

Overview

We are a commercial mortgage REIT incorporated in Maryland on June 7, 2019. Our strategy is to originate, structure and invest in first-lien mortgage loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, convertible notes, multifamily properties and common equity investments, as well as multifamily CMBS securitizations, MSCR Notes and mortgage-backed securities, or our target assets. We primarily focus on investments in real estate sectors where our senior management team has operating expertise, including in the multifamily, SFR, self-storage, life science, hospitality and office sectors predominantly in the top 50 MSAs. In addition, we target lending or investing in properties that are stabilized or have a light-transitional business plan.

Our investment objective is to generate attractive, risk-adjusted returns for stockholders over the long term. We seek to employ a flexible and relative-value focused investment strategy and expect to re-allocate capital periodically among our target investment classes. We believe this flexibility will enable us to efficiently manage risk and deliver attractive risk-adjusted returns under a variety of market conditions and economic cycles.

We are externally managed by our Manager, a subsidiary of our Sponsor, an SEC-registered investment advisor, which has extensive real estate experience, having completed as of September 30, 2023 approximately $22.0 billion of gross real estate transactions since the beginning of 2012. In addition, our Sponsor, together with its affiliates, including NexBank, is one of the most experienced global alternative credit managers managing approximately $26.4 billion of loans and debt or credit related investments as of September 30, 2023 and has managed credit investments for over 25 years. We believe our relationship with our Sponsor benefits us by providing access to resources including research capabilities, an extensive relationship network, other proprietary information, scalability, and a vast wealth of knowledge of information on real estate in our target assets and sectors.

We elected to be treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2020. We also intend to operate our business in a manner that will permit us to maintain one or more exclusions or exemptions from registration under the Investment Company Act.

On October 15, 2021, a lawsuit (the “Bankruptcy Trust Lawsuit”) was filed by a litigation subtrust formed in connection with Highland’s bankruptcy against various persons and entities, including our Sponsor and James Dondero. In addition, on February 8, 2023, a lawsuit (the “UBS Lawsuit”) was filed by UBS Securities LLC and its affiliate against Mr. Dondero and a number of other persons and entities. Neither the Bankruptcy Trust Lawsuit nor the UBS Lawsuit include claims related to our business or our assets or operations. Our Sponsor and Mr. Dondero have informed us they believe the Bankruptcy Trust Lawsuit has no merit, and Mr. Dondero has informed us he believes the UBS Lawsuit has no merit; we have been advised that the defendants named in each of the lawsuits intend to vigorously defend against the claims. We do not expect the Bankruptcy Trust Lawsuit or the UBS Lawsuit will have a material effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

On February 22, 2023, as previously disclosed, the Board formed an independent special committee to oversee a review of the potential impact to the Company of the UBS Lawsuit and the Bankruptcy Trust Lawsuit. The special committee retained Reichman Jorgensen Lehman Feldberg LLP (“Reichman Jorgensen”) as independent legal counsel to advise the special committee on the review. Reichman Jorgensen has reported to the special committee that they have substantially completed their review and found no evidence that the Company engaged in any conduct that would expose it to liability from the UBS Lawsuit or the Bankruptcy Trust Lawsuit. On June 13, 2023, the special committee delivered these findings to the Board. Following the review of the special committee, we reaffirm our expectation that neither the

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Bankruptcy Trust Lawsuit nor the UBS Lawsuit will have a material effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Purchases and Dispositions in the Quarter

Acquisitions and Originations

The Company acquired or originated the following investments through the Subsidiary OPs in the three months ended September 30, 2023. The amounts in the table below are as of the purchase or investment date:

Investment	Property Type	Investment Date	Outstanding Principal Amount			Cost (% of Par Value)		Coupon (1)		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date	Interest Rate Type
Preferred Equity	Life Science	7/11/2023	$	241,528		99.0	%	13.00	%	13.13	%	6/1/2026	Floating Rate
Preferred Equity	Single-family	7/14/2023	2,720,000		(2)	99.0	%	13.50	%	13.64	%	4/28/2027	Floating Rate
Preferred Equity	Multifamily	7/27/2023	6,900,000		(3)	99.0	%	11.00	%	11.11	%	2/10/2025	Floating Rate
Preferred Equity	Multifamily	8/16/2023	303,841			100.0	%	11.00	%	11.00	%	5/1/2030	Fixed Rate
Preferred Equity	Multifamily	8/24/2023	3,000,000		(4)	99.0	%	11.00	%	11.11	%	2/10/2025	Floating Rate
Common Equity	Multifamily	8/28/2023	500,000			100.0	%	N/A		N/A		N/A	N/A
Common Equity	Multifamily	8/28/2023	500,000			100.0	%	N/A		N/A		N/A	N/A
Common Equity	Multifamily	9/8/2023	846,511		(5)	66.7	%	N/A		N/A		N/A	N/A
Preferred Equity	Life Science	9/27/2023	3,173,932			99.5	%	10.00	%	10.05	%	9/29/2024	Fixed Rate
Promissory Note	Self-Storage	9/29/2023	5,000,000			100.0	%	11.00	%	11.00	%	9/29/2024	Fixed Rate
			$	23,185,812

(1)Current yield and coupon as of September 30, 2023.

(2)Includes investments made on July 14, 2023, August 11, 2023, and September 12, 2023.

(3)Includes investments made on July 27, 2023, August 24, 2023, and September 18, 2023.

(4)Includes investments made on August 24, 2023, and September 18, 2023.

(5)Includes investments made on September 8, 2023, September 14, 2023, September 22, 2023, and September 28, 2023.

Redemptions and Sales

The following investments were redeemed or sold during the three months ended September 30, 2023:

Investment	Property Type	Investment Date	Disposition Date	Amortized Cost Basis		Redemption/Sales Proceeds		Prepayment Penalties		Net Gain (Loss) on Repayment
Preferred Equity	Multifamily	12/28/2021	8/4/2023	$	3,470,504	$	3,470,504	$	—	$	—
Preferred Equity	Multifamily	12/28/2021	9/12/2023	64,635		64,635		—		—
CMBS B-Piece	Multifamily	12/9/2021	9/27/2023	45,411,874		44,787,461		—		(624,413)
				$	48,947,014	$	48,322,600	$	—	$	(624,413)

Components of Our Revenues and Expenses

Net Interest Income

Interest income. Our earnings are primarily attributable to the interest income from mortgage loans, mezzanine loan and preferred equity investments. Loan premium/discount amortization and prepayment penalties are also included as components of interest income.

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Interest expense. Interest expense represents interest accrued on our various financing obligations used to fund our investments and is shown as a deduction to arrive at net interest income.

The following table presents the components of net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,												$ Change		% Change
	2023						2022
	Interest income/ (expense)		Average Balance (1)		Yield (2)		Interest income/ (expense)		Average Balance (1)		Yield (2)
Interest income
SFR Loans, held-for-investment	$	20,650	$	722,066	5.72	%	$	37,105	$	746,111	7.92	%	$	(16,455)	(44.3)	%
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment	10,781		147,871		14.58	%	10,981		157,789		9.20	%	(200)		(1.8)	%
Preferred equity, held-for-investment	14,585		152,370		19.14	%	6,667		102,471		14.98	%	7,918		118.8	%
Convertible notes, held-for-investment	—		—		N/A		2,545		47,821		10.64	%	(2,545)		(100.0)	%
CMBS structured pass-through certificates, at fair value	1,760		45,034		7.82	%	4,017		66,442		7.94	%	(2,257)		(56.2)	%
Bridge loan	—		N/A		N/A		346		6,787		6.51	%	(346)		(100.0)	%
MSCR notes	988		10,169		19.44	%	299		4,385		8.71	%	689		230.4	%
Mortgage backed securities	2,710		35,592		15.22	%	460		11,025		5.70	%	2,250		489.1	%
Total interest income	$	51,474	$	1,113,103	9.25	%	$	62,420	$	1,142,831	8.79	%	$	(10,946)	(17.5)	%
Interest expense
Master repurchase agreements, net	$	(17,029)	$	(333,771)	10.20	%	$	(6,832)	$	(317,117)	2.27	%	$	(10,197)	149.3	%
Long-term seller financing, net	(11,271)		(685,072)		3.30	%	(11,993)		(711,001)		2.21	%	722		(6.0)	%
Unsecured notes, net	(10,203)		(205,196)		9.94	%	(9,782)		(201,697)		6.49	%	(421)		4.3	%
Total interest expense	$	(38,503)	$	(1,224,039)	6.30	%	$	(28,607)	$	(1,229,815)	2.92	%	$	(9,896)	34.6	%
Net interest income (3)	$	12,971					$	33,813					$	(20,842)	(61.6)	%

(1)Average balances for the SFR Loans, the mezzanine loan and preferred equity are calculated based upon carrying values.

(2)Yield calculated on an annualized basis.

(3)Net interest income is calculated as the difference between total interest income and total interest expense.

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The following table presents the components of net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,												$ Change		% Change
	2023						2022
	Interest income/ (expense)		Average Balance (1)		Yield (2)		Interest income/ (expense)		Average Balance (1)		Yield (2)
Interest income
SFR Loans, held-for-investment	$	7,142	$	718,299	3.98	%	$	7,297	$	733,505	4.16	%	$	(155)	(2.1)	%
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment	3,348		140,444		9.54	%	3,908		165,939		9.23	%	(560)		(14.3)	%
Preferred equity, held-for-investment	5,577		166,012		13.44	%	1,664		118,567		12.78	%	3,913		235.2	%
Convertible bond, held-for-investment	—		N/A		N/A		—		—		18.73	%	N/A		N/A
CMBS structured pass through certificates, at fair value	617		44,049		5.60	%	1,310		62,960		8.99	%	(693)		(52.9)	%
Bridge loan	—		N/A		N/A		125		4,500		6.55	%	(125)		(100.0)	%
MSCR notes	345		10,123		13.63	%	221		9,500		8.76	%	124		56.1	%
Mortgage backed securities	985		37,297		10.56	%	368		26,455		5.73	%	617		167.7	%
Total interest income	$	18,014	$	1,116,224	6.46	%	$	14,893	$	1,121,426	6.36	%	$	3,121	21.0	%
Interest expense
Repurchase agreements	$	(6,013)	$	(336,141)	7.16	%	$	(3,362)	$	(340,438)	2.50	%	$	(2,651)	78.9	%
Long-term seller financing	(3,777)		(682,515)		2.21	%	(4,052)		(693,405)		2.20	%	275		(6.8)	%
Unsecured Notes	(3,407)		(205,324)		6.64	%	(3,268)		(203,500)		6.50	%	(139)		4.3	%
Total interest expense	$	(13,197)	$	(1,223,980)	4.31	%	$	(10,682)	$	(1,237,343)	3.00	%	$	(2,515)	23.5	%
Net interest income (3)	$	4,817					$	4,211					$	606	14.4	%

(1)Average balances for the SFR Loans, the mezzanine loan and preferred equity are calculated based upon carrying values.

(2)Yield calculated on an annualized basis.

(3)Net interest income is calculated as the difference between total interest income and total interest expense.

Other Income (Loss)

Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities. Includes unrealized gain (loss) based on changes in the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the CMBS trusts and net interest earned on the consolidated CMBS trusts. See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on CMBS structured pass-through certificates. Includes unrealized gain (loss) based on changes in the fair value of the CMBS I/O Strips. See Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments. Includes unrealized gain (loss) based on changes in the fair value of our common stock investments in NSP and the Private REIT. See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on MSCR notes. Includes unrealized gain (loss) based on changes in the fair value of our MSCR Notes. See Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Change in unrealized gain on mortgage-backed securities. Includes unrealized gain (loss) based on changes in the fair value of our mortgage backed securities. See Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Reversal of (provision for) credit losses, net. Reversal of (provision for) credit losses, net represents the change in our allowance for loan losses. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Realized losses. Realized losses include the excess, or deficiency, of net proceeds received, less the carrying value of such investments, as realized losses. The Company reverses cumulative unrealized gains or losses previously reported in its Consolidated Statements of Operations with respect to the investment sold at the time of the sale.

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Revenues from consolidated real estate owned (Note 8). Reflects the total revenues for our multifamily property. Revenues include rental income from the multifamily property.

Equity in Income (Losses) of Equity Method Investments. Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated ventures represents the change in our basis in equity method investments resulting from our share of the investments’ income and expenses. Profit and loss from equity method investments for which we’ve elected the fair value option are classified in divided income, change in unrealized gains and realized gains as applicable.

Other income. Includes placement fees, exit fees and other miscellaneous income items.

Operating Expenses

G&A expenses. G&A expenses include, but are not limited to, audit fees, legal fees, listing fees, Board fees, equity-based and other compensation expenses, investor-relations costs and payments of reimbursements to our Manager. The Manager will be reimbursed for expenses it incurs on behalf of the Company. However, our Manager is responsible, and we will not reimburse our Manager or its affiliates, for the salaries or benefits to be paid to personnel of our Manager or its affiliates who serve as our officers, except that 50% of the salary of our VP of Finance is allocated to us and we may grant equity awards to our officers under the NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. 2020 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2020 LTIP”). Direct payment of operating expenses by us, which includes compensation expense relating to equity awards granted under the 2020 LTIP, together with reimbursement of operating expenses to our Manager, plus the Annual Fee, may not exceed 2.5% of equity book value determined in accordance with GAAP, for any calendar year or portion thereof, provided, however, that this limitation will not apply to Offering Expenses, legal, accounting, financial, due diligence and other service fees incurred in connection with extraordinary litigation and mergers and acquisitions and other events outside the ordinary course of our business or any out-of-pocket acquisition or due diligence expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition or disposition of certain real estate related investments. To the extent total corporate G&A expenses would otherwise exceed 2.5% of equity book value, our Manager will waive all or a portion of its Annual Fee to keep our total corporate G&A expenses at or below 2.5% of equity book value.

Loan servicing fees. We pay various service providers fees for loan servicing of our SFR Loans, mezzanine loans and consolidated CMBS trusts. We classify the expenses related to the administration of the SFR Loans and mezzanine loans as servicing fees while the fees associated with the CMBS trusts are included as a component of the change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities (“VIEs”).

Management fees. Management fees include fees paid to our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement.

Expenses from consolidated real estate owned (Note 8). Reflects the total expenses for our multifamily properties. Expenses include interest, real estate taxes and insurance, operating, general and administrative, management fees, depreciation and amortization, rate cap (income) expense, and debt service bridge expenses of the multifamily properties.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following table sets forth a summary of our operating results for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				$ Change		% Change
	2023		2022
Net interest income	$4,817		$4,211		$606		14.4	%
Other income (loss)	(15,535)		(7,521)		(8,014)		106.6	%
Operating expenses	(6,332)		(6,053)		(279)		4.6	%
Net income	(17,050)		(9,363)		(7,687)		82.1	%
Net (income) attributable to preferred shareholders	(874)		(874)		N/A		N/A
Net (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	2,374		1,889		485		25.7	%
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries	—		(941)		941		(100.0)	%
Net (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(15,550)	$	(9,289)	$	(6,261)	67.4	%

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The change in our net income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the net income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 primarily relates to an increase in interest expense. Our net income attributable to common stockholders for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was approximately $(15.6) million. We earned approximately $4.8 million in net interest income, generated income of $(15.5) million in other income, incurred operating expenses of $6.3 million, allocated $0.9 million of income to preferred stockholders and allocated $2.4 million of income to redeemable noncontrolling interests for the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Revenues

Net interest income. Net interest income was $4.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $4.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, which was an increase of approximately $0.6 million. The increase between the periods is primarily due to an increase of preferred equity investments in the portfolio compared to the prior period. As of September 30, 2023, we owned 89 discrete investments compared to 81 as of September 30, 2022.

Other income (loss). Other loss was $15.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to other loss of $7.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, which was a decrease of approximately $8.0 million. This was primarily due to an increase in unrealized losses on our common stock investments and an increase in our provision for credit losses compared to the prior period.

Expenses

G&A expenses. G&A expenses were $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, which was an increase of approximately $0.8 million. The increase between the periods was primarily due to an increase in accounting, auditing and legal fees compared to the prior period.

Loan servicing fees. Loan servicing fees were $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, which was a decrease of approximately $0.1 million. The decrease between the periods was primarily due to a decrease in SFR Loans and mezzanine loans in the portfolio compared to the prior period.

Management fees. Management fees were $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Expenses from consolidated real estate owned. Expenses from consolidated real estate owned were $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease is due to the deconsolidation of Elysian at Hughes Center.

Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following table sets forth a summary of our operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				$ Change		% Change
	2023		2022
Net interest income	$	12,971	$	33,813	$	(20,842)	(61.6)	%
Other income (loss)	4,784		1,757		3,027		172.3	%
Operating expenses	(16,950)		(19,390)		2,440		(12.6)	%
Net income	805		16,180		(15,375)		(95.0)	%
Net (income) attributable to preferred shareholders	(2,622)		(2,630)		8		(0.3)	%
Net (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(1,419)		(5,080)		3,661		(72.1)	%
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries	—		(1,503)		1,503		(100.0)	%
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(3,236)	$	6,967	$	(10,203)	(146.4)	%

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The change in our net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 primarily relates to a decrease in prepayment penalty income and an increase in unrealized losses on our common stock investments. Our net loss attributable to common stockholders for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was approximately $3.2 million. We earned approximately $13.0 million in net interest income, generated income of $4.8 million in other income, incurred operating expenses of $17.0 million, allocated $2.6 million of income to preferred stockholders and allocated $1.4 million of income to redeemable noncontrolling interests for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Revenues

Net interest income. Net interest income was $13.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $33.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which was a decrease of approximately $20.8 million. The decrease between the periods is primarily due to a decrease in prepayment penalty income related to early paydowns as well as an increase in interest costs on borrowings. As of September 30, 2023, we owned 89 discrete investments compared to 81 as of September 30, 2022.

Other income (loss). Other income was $4.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to other income of $1.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which was an increase of approximately $3.0 million. This was primarily due to an increase in the change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS VIEs.

Expenses

G&A expenses. G&A expenses were $7.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which was an increase of approximately $1.5 million. The increase between the periods was primarily due to an increase in accounting, auditing and legal fees compared to the prior period.

Loan servicing fees. Loan servicing fees were $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $3.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which was a decrease of approximately $0.1 million. The decrease between the periods was primarily due to a decrease in SFR Loans in the portfolio compared to the prior period.

Management fees. Management fees were $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to     $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which was an increase of approximately $0.2 million. The increase between the periods was primarily due to an increase in equity as defined by the Management Agreement.

Expenses from consolidated real estate owned. Expenses from consolidated real estate owned were $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $8.4 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease is due to the deconsolidation of Elysian at Hughes Center.

Key Financial Measures and Indicators

As a real estate finance company, we believe the key financial measures and indicators for our business are earnings per share, dividends declared, EAD, CAD and book value per share.

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Earnings Per Share and Dividends Declared

The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted net income per share and dividends declared per share (in thousands, except per share data):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				% Change		For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2023		2022				2023		2022
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	(15,550)	$	(9,289)	67.4	%	$	(3,236)	$	6,967	(146.4)	%
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(2,374)		(1,889)		25.7	%	1,419		5,080		(72.1)	%
Weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding
Basic	17,232		14,962		15.2	%	17,188		14,526		18.3	%
Diluted	23,086		22,678		1.8	%	22,950		22,402		2.4	%
Net income per share, basic	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	45.4	%	$	(0.19)	$	0.48	(139.3)	%
Net income per share, diluted	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	45.2	%	$	(0.19)	$	0.48	(139.6)	%
Dividends declared per share	$	0.6850	$	0.5000	37.0	%	$	2.0550	$	1.5000	37.0	%

Earnings Available for Distribution and Cash Available for Distribution

EAD is a non-GAAP financial measure. We believe EAD serves as a useful indicator for investors in evaluating our performance and our long-term ability to pay distributions. EAD is defined as the net income (loss) attributable to our common stockholders computed in accordance with GAAP, including realized gains and losses not otherwise included in net income (loss), excluding any unrealized gains or losses or other similar non-cash items that are included in net income (loss) for the applicable reporting period, regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income (loss), or in net income (loss) and adding back amortization of stock-based compensation. Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders may also be adjusted for the effects of certain GAAP adjustments and transactions that may not be indicative of our current operations.

We use EAD to evaluate our performance which excludes the effects of certain GAAP adjustments and transactions that we believe are not indicative of our current operations and to assess our long-term ability to pay distributions. We believe providing EAD as a supplement to GAAP net income (loss) to our investors is helpful to their assessment of our performance and our long term ability to pay distributions. EAD does not represent net income or cash flows from operating activities and should not be considered as an alternative to GAAP net income, an indication of our GAAP cash flows from operating activities, a measure of our liquidity or an indication of funds available for our cash needs. Our computation of EAD may not be comparable to EAD reported by other REITs.

We also use EAD as a component of the management fee paid to our Manager. As consideration for the Manager’s services, we will pay our Manager an annual management fee of 1.5% of Equity, paid monthly, in cash or shares of our common stock at the election of our Manager. “Equity” means (a) the sum of (1) total stockholders’ equity immediately prior to the closing of our IPO, plus (2) the net proceeds received by us from all issuances of our equity securities in and after the IPO, plus (3) our cumulative EAD from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter, (b) less (1) any distributions to our holders of common stock from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter and (2) all amounts that we have paid to repurchase for cash the shares of our equity securities from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter. In our calculation of Equity, we will adjust our calculation of EAD to remove the compensation expense relating to awards granted under one or more of our long-term incentive plans that is added back in our calculation of EAD. Additionally, for the avoidance of doubt, Equity does not include the assets contributed to us in the Formation Transaction. For the purpose of calculating EAD for the management fee, net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders may be adjusted for the effects of certain GAAP adjustments and transactions that may not be indicative of our current operations, in each case after discussions between the Manager and the independent directors of our Board and approved by a majority of the independent directors of our Board.

CAD is a non-GAAP financial measure. We calculate CAD by adjusting EAD by adding back amortization of premiums, depreciation and amortization of real estate investment, amortization of deferred financing costs and by

46

removing accretion of discounts and non-cash items, such as stock dividends. We use CAD to evaluate our performance and our current ability to pay distributions. We also believe that providing CAD as a supplement to GAAP net income (loss) to our investors is helpful to their assessment of our performance and our current ability to pay distributions. CAD does not represent net income or cash flows from operating activities and should not be considered as an alternative to GAAP net income, an indication of our GAAP cash flows from operating activities, a measure of our liquidity or an indication of funds available for our cash needs. Our computation of CAD may not be comparable to CAD reported by other REITs.

The following table provides a reconciliation of EAD and CAD to GAAP net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				% Change		For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2023		2022				2023		2022
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	(15,550)	$	(9,289)	67.4	%	$	(3,236)	$	6,967	(146.4)	%
Adjustments
Amortization of stock-based compensation	1,285		870		47.7	%	3,394		2,414		40.6	%
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses	5,235		—		N/A		5,202		—		N/A
Equity in income (losses) of equity method investments (1)	1,397		—		N/A		2,139		—		N/A
Unrealized (gains) or losses (2)	15,438		14,054		(9.8)	%	19,001		23,868		(20.4)	%
EAD attributable to common stockholders	$	7,805	$	5,635	38.5	%	$	26,499	$	33,249	(20.3)	%
EAD per Diluted Weighted-Average Share	$	0.43	$	0.36	19.3	%	$	1.48	$	2.20	(32.7)	%
Adjustments
Amortization of premiums	$	2,944	$	2,617	12.5	%	$	9,064	$	13,108	(30.8)	%
Accretion of discounts	(2,534)		(2,688)		5.7	%	(8,433)		(7,476)		12.8	%
Depreciation and amortization of real estate investment	397		417		4.8	%	1,193		1,859		(35.8)	%
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(21)		9		337.1	%	(3)		27		(112.4)	%
CAD attributable to common stockholders	$	8,591	$	5,990	43.4	%	$	28,320	$	40,767	(30.5)	%
CAD per Diluted Weighted-Average Share	$	0.48	$	0.39	23.5	%	$	1.58	$	2.70	(41.5)	%
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic	17,232		14,962		15.2	%	17,188		14,526		18.3	%
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted (3)	18,048		15,540		16.1	%	17,911		15,095		18.7	%

(1)Starting in the third quarter of 2023, we are adjusting EAD to remove the (income) / loss from equity method investments as it does not represent distributable earnings. We will include income from equity method investments to the extent that we receive cash distributions and upon realizing gains and/or losses.

(2)Unrealized gains are the net change in unrealized loss on investments held at fair value applicable to common stockholders.

(3)Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding does not include dilutive effect of redeemable non-controlling interests.

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The following table provides a reconciliation of EAD and CAD to GAAP net income including the dilutive effect of non-controlling interests for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				% Change		For the Nine Months Ended September 30,				% Change
	2023		2022				2023		2022
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	(15,550)		(9,289)		67.4	%	(3,236)		6,967		(146.4)	%
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(2,374)		(1,889)		25.7	%	1,419		(2,630)		(154.0)	%
Adjustments
Amortization of stock-based compensation	1,285		870		47.7	%	3,394		2,414		40.6	%
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses	6,276		—		N/A		6,236		—		N/A
Equity in income (losses) of equity method investments (1)	1,675		—		N/A		2,564		—		N/A
Unrealized (gains) or losses (2)	18,508		19,473		(5.0)	%	22,780		32,202		29.3	%
EAD	$	9,820	$	9,165	7.1	%	$	33,157	$	38,953	(14.9)	%
EAD per Diluted Weighted-Average Share	$	0.43	$	0.40	7.5	%	$	1.44	$	1.74	(17.2)	%
Adjustments
Amortization of premiums	$	3,530	$	3,425	3.1	%	$	10,867	$	17,179	(36.7)	%
Accretion of discounts	(3,038)		(3,517)		(13.6)	%	(10,110)		(9,791)		(3.3)	%
Depreciation and amortization of real estate investment	476		545		(12.7)	%	1,430		2,435		41.3	%
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(26)		12		(316.7)	%	(4)		36		111.1	%
CAD	$	10,762	$	9,630	11.8	%	$	35,340	$	48,812	(27.6)	%
CAD per Diluted Weighted-Average Share	$	0.47	$	0.42	11.9	%	$	1.54	$	2.18	(29.4)	%
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic	17,232		14,962		15.2	%	17,188		14,526		18.3	%
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted	23,086		22,678		1.8	%	22,950		22,402		2.4	%

(1)Starting in the third quarter of 2023, we are adjusting EAD to remove the (income) / loss from equity method investments as it does not represent distributable earnings. We will include income from equity method investments to the extent that we receive cash distributions and upon realizing gains and/or losses.

(2)Unrealized gains are the net change in unrealized loss on investments held at fair value.

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Book Value per Share / Unit

The following table calculates our book value per share (in thousands, except per share data):

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Common stockholders' equity	$	307,410	$	346,474
Shares of common stock outstanding at period end	17,232		17,080
Book value per share of common stock	$	17.84	$	20.29

Due to the large noncontrolling interest in the OP (see Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements, for more information), we believe it is useful to also look at book value on a combined basis as shown in the table below (in thousands, except per share data):

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Common stockholders' equity	$	307,410	$	346,474
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	89,148		96,501
Total equity	$	396,558	$	442,975
Redeemable OP Units at period end	5,038		5,038
Shares of common stock outstanding at period end	17,232		17,080
Combined shares of common stock and redeemable OP Units	22,270		22,118
Combined book value per share / unit	$	17.81	$	20.03

Our Portfolio

Our portfolio consists of SFR Loans, CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, mezzanine loans, preferred equity investments, common equity investments, a multifamily property, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities with a combined unpaid principal balance of $2.0 billion as of September 30, 2023 and assumes the CMBS Entities’ assets and liabilities are not consolidated. The following table sets forth additional information relating to our portfolio as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Investment (1)	Investment Date	Current Principal Amount			Net Equity (2)		Location	Property Type	Coupon		Current Yield (3)		Remaining Term (4) (years)
	SFR Loans
1	Senior loan	2/11/2020	$	508,700		$	69,689	Various	Single-family	4.65	%	4.42	%	4.93
2	Senior loan	2/11/2020	9,832			1,462		Various	Single-family	5.35	%	5.25	%	4.34
3	Senior loan	2/11/2020	10,045			1,386		Various	Single-family	5.30	%	5.04	%	4.93
4	Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,386			737		Various	Single-family	5.24	%	4.96	%	5.01
5	Senior loan	2/11/2020	51,304			6,502		Various	Single-family	4.74	%	4.62	%	2.01
6	Senior loan	2/11/2020	9,494			1,286		Various	Single-family	6.10	%	5.74	%	5.01
7	Senior loan	2/11/2020	36,319			4,782		Various	Single-family	5.55	%	5.18	%	5.09
8	Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,645			766		Various	Single-family	5.99	%	5.63	%	5.18
9	Senior loan	2/11/2020	8,676			1,223		Various	Single-family	5.88	%	5.58	%	5.26
10	Senior loan	2/11/2020	6,218			810		Various	Single-family	4.83	%	4.81	%	0.34
11	Senior loan	2/11/2020	7,200			1,022		Various	Single-family	5.34	%	5.10	%	5.35
12	Senior loan	2/11/2020	6,501			927		Various	Single-family	5.46	%	5.22	%	5.42
13	Senior loan	2/11/2020	10,523			1,450		Various	Single-family	4.72	%	4.63	%	2.42
	Total		675,843			92,042				4.79	%	4.57	%	4.64
	CMBS B-Piece
1	CMBS B-Piece	2/11/2020	22,624		(5)	8,032		Various	Multifamily	9.76	%	9.77	%	2.41

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2	CMBS B-Piece	2/11/2020		28,581	(5)	10,292	Various	Multifamily	10.92	%	10.91	%	3.16
3	CMBS B-Piece	4/23/2020		81,999	(5)	23,543	Various	Multifamily	3.62	%	5.36	%	6.41
4	CMBS B-Piece	7/30/2020		16,906	(5)	5,747	Various	Multifamily	14.22	%	14.22	%	3.74
5	CMBS B-Piece	8/6/2020		108,643	(5)	20,826	Various	Multifamily	0.00	%	9.28	%	6.74
6	CMBS B-Piece	4/20/2021		29,306	(5)	9,990	Various	Multifamily	11.35	%	11.35	%	7.41
7	CMBS B-Piece	6/30/2021		108,305	(5)	26,800	Various	Multifamily	0.00	%	10.38	%	3.25
8	CMBS B-Piece	5/2/2022		33,327	(5)	9,982	Various	Multifamily	4.35	%	4.68	%	15.16
9	CMBS B-Piece	7/28/2022		63,399	(5)	22,706	Various	Multifamily	10.35	%	10.35	%	5.82
	Total			493,090		137,918			4.47	%	9.11	%	5.90
	CMBS I/O Strip
1	CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		17,590	(6)	438	Various	Multifamily	2.09	%	15.13	%	23.00
2	CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		108,643	(6)	5,005	Various	Multifamily	3.08	%	18.00	%	6.74
3	CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(7)	64,609	(6)	1,054	Various	Multifamily	1.71	%	18.36	%	6.33
4	CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		20,000	(6)	1,031	Various	Multifamily	3.50	%	17.77	%	6.65
5	CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		4,266	(6)	113	Various	Multifamily	2.39	%	22.06	%	5.16
6	CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(8)	109,072	(6)	2,042	Various	Multifamily	1.32	%	16.11	%	5.65
7	CMBS I/O Strip	6/24/2021		25,630	(6)	235	Various	Multifamily	1.28	%	19.34	%	6.65
8	CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		25,000	(6)	542	Various	Multifamily	1.96	%	18.03	%	6.57
9	CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		6,942	(6)	350	Various	Multifamily	3.20	%	15.30	%	7.82
10	CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		1,625	(6)	227	Various	Multifamily	2.70	%	16.21	%	7.33
11	CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		34,625	(6)	3,400	Various	Multifamily	2.04	%	17.47	%	6.74
12	CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		20,902	(6)	3,518	Various	Multifamily	3.05	%	15.24	%	7.99
	Total			438,904		17,955			2.16	%	17.35	%	7.11
	Mezzanine
1	Mezzanine	6/12/2020		7,500		7,500	Houston, TX	Multifamily	11.00	%	11.00	%	0.75
2	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		5,470		2,253	Wilmington, DE	Multifamily	7.50	%	7.32	%	5.59
3	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		10,380		4,301	White Marsh, MD	Multifamily	7.42	%	7.23	%	7.76
4	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		14,253		5,892	Philadelphia, PA	Multifamily	7.59	%	7.40	%	5.67
5	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		3,700		1,521	Daytona Beach, FL	Multifamily	7.83	%	7.65	%	5.01
6	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		12,000		4,971	Laurel, MD	Multifamily	7.71	%	7.51	%	7.51
7	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		3,000		1,243	Temple Hills, MD	Multifamily	7.32	%	7.13	%	7.84
8	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		1,500		622	Temple Hills, MD	Multifamily	7.22	%	7.03	%	7.84
9	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		5,540		2,282	Lakewood, NJ	Multifamily	7.33	%	7.16	%	5.59
10	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		6,829		2,810	Rosedale, MD	Multifamily	7.53	%	7.36	%	5.26
11	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		3,620		1,500	North Aurora, IL	Multifamily	7.42	%	7.23	%	7.76
12	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		9,610		3,982	Cockeysville, MD	Multifamily	7.42	%	7.23	%	7.76
13	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		7,390		3,062	Laurel, MD	Multifamily	7.42	%	7.23	%	7.76
14	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		2,135		878	Tyler, TX	Multifamily	7.74	%	7.56	%	5.01
15	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		1,190		490	Las Vegas, NV	Multifamily	7.71	%	7.53	%	5.42
16	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		3,310		1,364	Atlanta, GA	Multifamily	6.91	%	6.75	%	5.76
17	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		2,880		1,185	Des Moines, IA	Multifamily	7.89	%	7.71	%	5.09
18	Mezzanine	10/20/2020		4,010		1,649	Urbandale, IA	Multifamily	7.89	%	7.71	%	5.09
19	Mezzanine	11/18/2021		12,600		12,502	Irving, TX	Multifamily	16.27	%	16.40	%	5.18
20	Mezzanine	12/29/2021		7,760		7,709	Rogers, AR	Multifamily	16.27	%	16.38	%	1.28
21	Mezzanine	6/9/2022		4,500		4,473	Rogers, AR	Multifamily	16.01	%	16.11	%	1.69
22	Mezzanine	10/5/2022	(9)	4,030		3,996	Kirkland, WA	Multifamily	16.01	%	16.15	%	4.26
	Total			133,207		76,185			9.60	%	9.49	%	5.55
	Preferred Equity
1	Preferred Equity	5/29/2020	(10)	11,698		11,698	Houston, TX	Multifamily	11.00	%	11.00	%	6.59
2	Preferred Equity	9/29/2021		9,268		9,252	Holly Springs, NC	Life Science	10.00	%	10.02	%	1.00

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3	Preferred Equity	10/26/2021		9,750	9,712	Atlanta, GA	Multifamily	11.00	%	11.04	%	1.10
4	Preferred Equity	12/28/2021	(11)	14,823	14,823	Las Vegas, NV	Multifamily	10.50	%	10.50	%	8.42
5	Preferred Equity	1/14/2022		22,802	22,805	Vacaville, CA	Life Science	10.00	%	10.00	%	1.00
6	Preferred Equity	4/7/2022	(12)	4,000	3,966	Beaumont, TX	Self-Storage	15.27	%	15.40	%	6.93
7	Preferred Equity	6/8/2022		4,000	3,966	Temple, TX	Self-Storage	14.55	%	14.68	%	6.93
8	Preferred Equity	7/1/2022	(13)	9,000	8,930	Medley, FL	Self-Storage	11.00	%	11.09	%	3.75
9	Preferred Equity	8/10/2022		8,500	8,443	Plano, TX	Multifamily	16.10	%	16.21	%	1.95
10	Preferred Equity	9/30/2022		9,000	8,936	Fort Worth, TX	Multifamily	15.01	%	15.12	%	2.01
11	Preferred Equity	10/19/2022		18,174	18,184	Woodbury, MN	Life Science	10.00	%	9.99	%	1.00
12	Preferred Equity	2/10/2023		20,900	20,769	Forney, TX	Multifamily	11.00	%	11.07	%	1.37
13	Preferred Equity	2/24/2023		14,200	14,115	Richmond, VA	Multifamily	11.00	%	11.07	%	1.37
14	Preferred Equity	4/6/2023		22,945	22,936	Temecula, CA	Life Science	17.50	%	17.51	%	1.00
15	Preferred Equity	5/16/2023	(14)	3,920	3,882	Phoenix, AZ	Single-family	13.50	%	13.63	%	3.58
16	Preferred Equity	5/17/2023	(15)	4,192	4,150	Houston, TX	Life Science	13.00	%	13.13	%	2.67
	Total			187,172	186,567			12.18	%	12.22	%	2.58
	Common Equity
1	Common Stock	11/6/2020		N/A	33,759	N/A	Self-Storage	N/A		N/A		N/A
2	Common Stock	4/14/2022		N/A	26,950	N/A	Ground Lease	N/A		N/A		N/A
3	Common Equity	2/10/2023		N/A	—	Forney, TX	Multifamily	N/A		N/A		N/A
4	Common Equity	2/24/2023		N/A	—	Richmond, VA	Multifamily	N/A		N/A		N/A
5	Common Equity	9/8/2023		N/A	—	Atlanta, GA	Multifamily	N/A		N/A		N/A
	Total				60,709
	Real Estate
1	Real Estate	12/31/2021	(16)	N/A	26,358	Charlotte, NC	Multifamily	N/A		N/A		N/A
	Promissory Note
1	Promissory Note	9/29/2023		5,000	5,000	Dallas, TX	Self-Storage	11.00	%	11.00	%	1.00
	MSCR Notes
1	MSCR Note	5/25/2022		4,000	2,021	Various	Multifamily	14.79	%	14.79	%	28.67
2	MSCR Note	5/25/2022		5,000	2,250	Various	Multifamily	11.79	%	11.79	%	28.67
3	MSCR Note	9/23/2022		1,500	1,305	Various	Multifamily	12.14	%	13.34	%	28.17
	Total			10,500	5,576			12.98	%	13.15	%	28.60
	Mortgage Backed Securities
1	Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		10,074	2,535	Various	Single-family	4.87	%	5.03	%	2.14
2	Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		10,419	3,498	Various	Single-family	8.63	%	8.93	%	2.55
3	Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		575	266	Various	Single-family	6.23	%	6.32	%	4.05
4	Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		1,057	350	Various	Single-family	3.60	%	4.15	%	4.73
5	Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		3,927	1,378	Various	Multifamily	11.35	%	11.33	%	7.33
6	Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		8,000	7,856	Various	Self-Storage	11.09	%	11.11	%	3.96
7	Mortgage Backed Securities	3/10/2023		5,747	1,983	Various	Multifamily	13.72	%	13.75	%	1.41
	Total			39,799	17,866			9.01	%	9.15	%	3.12

(1)Our total portfolio represents the current principal amount of the consolidated SFR Loans, CMBS I/O Strips, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, multifamily properties, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities as well as the net equity of our CMBS B-Piece investments.

(2)Net equity represents the carrying value less borrowings collateralized by the investment.

(3)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

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(4)The weighted-average life is weighted on current principal balance and assumes no prepayments. The maturity date for preferred equity investments represents the maturity date of the senior mortgage, as the preferred equity investments require repayment upon the sale or refinancing of the asset.

(5)The CMBS B-Pieces are shown on an unconsolidated basis reflecting the value of our investments.

(6)The number shown represents the notional value on which interest is calculated for the CMBS I/O Strips. CMBS I/O Strips receive no principal payments and the notional value decreases as the underlying loans are paid off.

(7)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(8)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021 and September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

(9)The Company reclassified this investment from preferred equity to a mezzanine loan effective January 1, 2023.

(10)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, invested $10.0 million on May 29, 2020, an aggregate of $1.2 million on January 9, 2023, March 6, 2023 and March 28, 2023, and $0.2 million on May 25, 2023 in this preferred equity investment.

(11)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, invested $5.0 million, $1.8 million, $40.1 million and $18.5 million in this real estate investment on December 28, 2021, January, 27, 2022, February 1, 2022 and July 26, 2022, respectively.

(12)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, invested $2.7 million and $1.3 million in this preferred equity investment on April 7, 2022 and May 3, 2022, respectively.

(13)The Company reclassified this investment from a mezzanine loan to preferred equity effective January 1, 2023.

(14)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, invested $0.5 million and $0.7 million in this preferred equity investment on May 16, 2023 and June 12, 2023, respectively.

(15)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, invested $3.7 million and $0.3 million in this preferred equity investment on May 17, 2023 and June 24, 2023, respectively.

(16)Real Estate is a 204-unit multifamily property.

The following table details overall statistics for our portfolio as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Total Portfolio			Floating Rate Investments			Fixed Rate Investments			Common Equity Investments		Real Estate Investment
Number of investments	89			26			57			5		1
Principal balance (1)	$	1,594,353		$	328,956		$	1,265,397		N/A		N/A
Carrying value	$	1,633,287		$	325,879		$	1,188,136		$	60,709	$	58,563
Weighted-average cash coupon	5.92		%	10.01		%	4.86		%	N/A		N/A
Weighted-average all-in yield	6.90		%	12.44		%	5.38		%	N/A		N/A

(1)Cost is used in lieu of principal balance for CMBS I/O Strips.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our short-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of funds necessary to pay for our ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, maintain our investments, make distributions to our stockholders and other general business needs. Our investments generate liquidity on an ongoing basis through principal and interest payments, prepayments and dividends. We believe that our available cash, expected operating cash flows, and potential debt or equity financings will provide sufficient funds for our operations, anticipated scheduled debt service payments, potential obligations to purchase up to $30.9 million of the Preferred Units (defined below) and dividend requirements for the twelve-month period following September 30, 2023.

Our long-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of acquiring additional investments, scheduled debt payments and distributions. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements through various sources of capital, which may include future debt or equity issuances, net cash provided by operations and other secured and unsecured borrowings. Our leverage is matched in term and structure to provide stable contractual spreads which will protect us from fluctuations in market interest rates over the long-term. However, there are a number of factors that may have a material adverse effect on our ability to access these capital sources, including the state of overall equity and credit markets, our degree of leverage, borrowing restrictions imposed by lenders, general market conditions for REITs and our operating performance and liquidity. We believe that our various sources of capital, which may include future debt or equity issuances, net cash provided by operations and other secured and unsecured borrowings, will provide sufficient funds for our operations,

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anticipated debt service payments, potential obligations to purchase investments under the Company's commitments noted in Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements and dividend requirements for the long-term.

	Asset Metrics			Debt Metrics
Investment	Fixed/Floating Rate	Interest Rate	Maturity Date	Fixed/Floating Rate	Interest Rate	Maturity Date	Net Spread
SFR Loans
Senior loan	Fixed	4.65%	9/1/2028	Fixed	2.24%	9/1/2028	2.41%
Senior loan	Fixed	5.35%	2/1/2028	Fixed	3.51%	2/1/2028	1.84%
Senior loan	Fixed	5.30%	9/1/2028	Fixed	2.79%	9/1/2028	2.51%
Senior loan	Fixed	5.24%	10/1/2028	Fixed	2.64%	10/1/2028	2.60%
Senior loan	Fixed	4.74%	10/1/2025	Fixed	2.14%	10/1/2025	2.60%
Senior loan	Fixed	6.10%	10/1/2028	Fixed	3.30%	10/1/2028	2.80%
Senior loan	Fixed	5.55%	11/1/2028	Fixed	2.70%	11/1/2028	2.85%
Senior loan	Fixed	5.99%	12/1/2028	Fixed	3.14%	12/1/2028	2.85%
Senior loan	Fixed	5.88%	1/1/2029	Fixed	3.14%	1/1/2029	2.74%
Senior loan	Fixed	4.83%	2/1/2024	Fixed	2.40%	2/1/2024	2.43%
Senior loan	Fixed	5.34%	2/1/2029	Fixed	2.98%	2/1/2029	2.36%
Senior loan	Fixed	5.46%	3/1/2029	Fixed	2.99%	3/1/2029	2.47%
Senior loan	Fixed	4.72%	3/1/2026	Fixed	2.45%	3/1/2026	2.27%
Mezzanine Loan
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.50%	5/1/2029	Fixed	0.30%	5/1/2029	7.20%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.42%	7/1/2031	Fixed	0.30%	7/1/2031	7.12%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.59%	6/1/2029	Fixed	0.30%	6/1/2029	7.29%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.83%	10/1/2028	Fixed	0.30%	10/1/2028	7.53%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.71%	4/1/2031	Fixed	0.30%	4/1/2031	7.41%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.32%	8/1/2031	Fixed	0.30%	8/1/2031	7.02%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.22%	8/1/2031	Fixed	0.30%	8/1/2031	6.92%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.33%	5/1/2029	Fixed	0.30%	5/1/2029	7.03%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.53%	7/1/2031	Fixed	0.30%	7/1/2031	7.23%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.42%	1/1/2029	Fixed	0.30%	1/1/2029	7.12%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.42%	7/1/2031	Fixed	0.30%	7/1/2031	7.12%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.42%	4/1/2031	Fixed	0.30%	4/1/2031	7.12%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.74%	10/1/2028	Fixed	0.30%	10/1/2028	7.44%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.71%	3/1/2029	Fixed	0.30%	3/1/2029	7.41%
Mezzanine	Fixed	6.91%	7/1/2029	Fixed	0.30%	7/1/2029	6.61%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.89%	11/1/2028	Fixed	0.30%	11/1/2028	7.59%
Mezzanine	Fixed	7.89%	11/1/2028	Fixed	0.30%	11/1/2028	7.59%

Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources to date consist of cash generated from our operating results and the following:

Freddie Mac Credit Facilities

Prior to the Formation Transaction, two of our subsidiaries entered into a loan and security agreement, dated July 12, 2019, with Freddie Mac (the “Credit Facility”). Under the Credit Facility, these entities borrowed approximately $788.8 million in connection with their acquisition of senior pooled mortgage loans backed by SFR properties (the “Underlying Loans”). No additional borrowings can be made under the Credit Facility, and our obligations will be secured by the

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Underlying Loans. The Credit Facility was assumed by the Company as part of the Formation Transaction. As such, the remaining outstanding balance of $788.8 million was contributed to the Company on February 11, 2020. Our borrowings under the Credit Facility will mature on July 12, 2029; however, if an Underlying Loan matures prior to July 12, 2029, we will be required to repay the portion of the Credit Facility that is allocated to that loan. As of September 30, 2023, the outstanding balance on the Credit Facility was $617.6 million.

Repurchase Agreements

From time to time, we may enter into repurchase agreements to finance the acquisition of our target assets. Repurchase agreements will effectively allow us to borrow against loans and securities that we own in an amount equal to (1) the market value of such loans and/or securities multiplied by (2) the applicable advance rate. Under these agreements, we will sell our loans and securities to a counterparty and agree to repurchase the same loans and securities from the counterparty at a price equal to the original sales price plus an interest factor. During the term of a repurchase agreement, we will receive the principal and interest on the related loans and securities and pay interest to the lender under the repurchase agreement. At any point in time, the amounts and the cost of our repurchase borrowings will be based on the assets being financed. For example, higher risk assets will result in lower advance rates (i.e., levels of leverage) at higher borrowing costs. In addition, these facilities may include various financial covenants and limited recourse guarantees.

As discussed in Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements, in connection with our CMBS acquisitions, we, through the OP and the Subsidiary OPs, have borrowed approximately $298.0 million under our repurchase agreements and posted approximately $853.6 million par value of our CMBS B-Piece, CMBS I/O Strip, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed security investments as collateral. The CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities held as collateral are illiquid and irreplaceable in nature. These assets are restricted solely to satisfy the interest and principal balances owed to the lender as described in our Annual Report.

The table below provides additional details regarding recent borrowings under the master repurchase agreements (dollars in thousands):

September 30, 2023

Facility

Collateral

Date issued

Outstanding face amount

Carrying value

Final stated maturity

Weighted average interest rate (1)

Weighted average life (years) (2)

Outstanding face amount

Amortized cost basis

Carrying value (3)

Weighted average life (years) (2)

Master Repurchase Agreements

CMBS

Mizuho(4)

4/15/2020

298,009

298,009

N/A

(5)

7.23

%

0.1

853,574

434,890

425,949

6.6

(1)Weighted-average interest rate using unpaid principal balances.

(2)Weighted-average life is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

(3)CMBS are shown at fair value on an unconsolidated basis.

(4)On April 15, 2020, three of our subsidiaries entered into a master repurchase agreement with Mizuho. Borrowings under these repurchase agreements are collateralized by portions of the CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities.

(5)The master repurchase agreement with Mizuho does not have a stated maturity date. The transactions in place have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

At-The-Market Offering

On March 15, 2022, the Company, the OP and the Manager separately entered into the 2022 Equity Distribution Agreements with the 2022 Sales Agents, pursuant to which the Company may issue and sell from time to time shares of the Company’s common stock and Series A Preferred Stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $100.0 million in the 2022 ATM Program. The 2022 Equity Distribution Agreements provide for the issuance and sale of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock by the Company through a sales agent acting as a sales agent or directly to the sales agent acting as principal for its own account at a price agreed upon at the time of sale. As of September 30, 2023, pursuant to the 2022 Equity Distribution Agreements, the Company has sold 531,728 shares of its common stock and zero shares of Series A Preferred Stock for total gross sales of $12.6 million. For additional information about the 2022 ATM Program, see Note 11 to our consolidated financial statements.

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Company Notes Offering

On January 25, 2022, the Company issued $35.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 5.75% Notes at a price equal to 100.9% par value, including accrued interest, for proceeds of approximately $35.1 million after original issue discount and underwriting fees.

On May 20, 2022, the Company purchased $3.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.75% Notes at a price equal to 96.3% par value, including accrued interest, for approximately $2.9 million. The purchased 5.75% Notes were cancelled upon settlement.

On June 30, 2022, the Company purchased $2.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.75% Notes at a price equal to 96.5% par value, including accrued interest, for approximately $2.0 million. The purchased 5.75% Notes were cancelled upon settlement.

LIBOR Transition

Following June 30, 2023, all of the U.S. Dollar London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") settings have ceased to be provided by any administrator and are no longer representative. Approximately 13.3% of our portfolio by unpaid principal balance as of September 30, 2023 pays interest at a variable rate that is tied to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR”), and it is anticipated that future investments we make may have variable interest rates tied to SOFR. As of June 30, 2023, the Company received LIBOR transition notices under its loan agreements tied to LIBOR stating such loans will transition to SOFR on the first adjustment date subsequent to June 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, the transition has had an immaterial effect on the effected loans' interest rates. Any changes to benchmark interest rates could increase our financing costs, which could impact our results of operations, cash flows and the market value of our investments and result in mismatches with the interest rate of investments that we are financing.

Other Potential Sources of Financing

We may seek additional sources of liquidity from further repurchase facilities, other borrowings and future offerings of common and preferred equity and debt securities and contributions from existing holders of the OP or Subsidiary OPs. In addition, we may apply our existing cash and cash equivalents and cash flows from operations to any liquidity needs. As of September 30, 2023, our cash and cash equivalents were $12.9 million.

Cash Flows

The following table presents selected data from our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	28,428	$	58,795
Net cash provided by investing activities	639,485		713,195
Net cash (used in) financing activities	(675,341)		(774,041)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(7,428)		(2,051)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	20,347		33,232
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	12,919	$	31,181

Cash flows from operating activities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $28.4 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $58.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This decrease was due to an increase in provision for credit losses and a decrease in unrealized losses on investments held at fair value.

Cash flows from investing activities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by investing activities was $639.5 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $713.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This decrease was primarily driven by the decrease in proceeds from payments on mortgage loans held in variable interest entities.

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Cash flows from financing activities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in financing activities was $675.3 million, compared to net cash used in financing activities of $774.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This decrease was primarily driven by the decrease in distributions to bondholders of VIEs.

Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting Company Status

Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, for complying with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of this extended transition period. As a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates for such new or revised standards. We may elect to comply with public company effective dates at any time, and such election would be irrevocable pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act.

We are also a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, and may elect to take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies. We may be a smaller reporting company even after we are no longer an “emerging growth company.”

Dividends

We intend to make regular quarterly dividend payments to holders of our common stock. We also intend to make the accrued dividend payments on the Series A Preferred Stock, which are payable quarterly in arrears as provided in the articles supplementary setting forth the terms of the Series A Preferred Stock. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains. As a REIT, we will be subject to federal income tax on our undistributed REIT taxable income and net capital gain and to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on any amount by which distributions we pay with respect to any calendar year are less than the sum of (1) 85% of our ordinary income, (2) 95% of our capital gain net income and (3) 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. We intend to make regular quarterly dividend payments of all or substantially all of our taxable income, which is not used to pay a dividend on the Series A Preferred Stock, to holders of our common stock out of assets legally available for this purpose, if and to the extent authorized by our Board. Before we make any dividend payments, whether for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise, we must first meet both our operating requirements and debt service on our debt payable. If our cash available for distribution is less than our taxable income, we could be required to sell assets, borrow funds or raise additional capital to make cash dividends or we may make a portion of the required dividend in the form of a taxable distribution of stock or debt securities.

We will make dividend payments to holders of our common stock based on our estimate of taxable earnings per share of common stock, but not earnings calculated pursuant to GAAP. Our dividends and taxable income and GAAP earnings will typically differ due to items such as depreciation and amortization, fair-value adjustments, differences in premium amortization and discount accretion and non-deductible G&A expenses. Our quarterly dividends per share of our common stock may be substantially different than our quarterly taxable earnings and GAAP earnings per share. Our Board declared the second regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on April 24, 2023, which was paid on June 30, 2023, to common stockholders of record as of June 15, 2023. Our Board declared the third regular quarterly dividend to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on July 24, 2023, which was paid on September 29, 2023, to stockholders of record as of September 15, 2023. Our Board also declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on April 24, 2023, which was paid on June 30, 2023, to common stockholders of record as of June 15, 2023. Our Board also declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on July 24, 2023, which was paid on September 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record as of September 15, 2023. On December 15, 2022, our Board declared a preferred stock dividend of $0.53125 per share, which was paid on January 25, 2023 to preferred stockholders of record as of January 13, 2023. On February 22, 2023, our Board declared a preferred stock dividend of $0.53125 per share, which was paid on April 25, 2023 to preferred stockholders of record as of April 13, 2023. On June 13, 2023, our Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share, which was paid on July 25, 2023 to preferred stockholders of record as of July 13, 2023.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2023, we had one off balance sheet arrangement that has or is reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

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On December 8, 2022 and in connection with a restructuring of NSP, the Company, through REIT Sub, together with the Co-Guarantors, as guarantors, entered into a Sponsor Guaranty Agreement in favor of Extra Space pursuant to which REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors guaranteed obligations of NSP with respect to NSP’s newly created Series D Preferred Stock and one promissory note in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $49.2 million issued to Extra Space. The guaranties by REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors are capped at $97.6 million, which will be reduced as the guaranteed obligations of NSP are paid. Each of REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors generally guaranteed the foregoing obligations of NSP up to the cap amount on a pro rata basis with respect to its percentage ownership of NSP’s common stock. The maximum liability of REIT Sub under the guaranties is approximately $83.8 million. As of September 30, 2023, the Company owns approximately 25.7% of the total outstanding shares of common stock of NSP.

Commitments and Contingencies

Except as otherwise disclosed below, the Company is not aware of any contractual obligations, legal proceedings or any other contingent obligations incurred in the normal course of business that would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.

On September 29, 2021, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, entered into an agreement to purchase up to $50.0 million in a new preferred equity investment (the “Preferred Units”) upon notice from the issuer. Subject to certain conditions, the Company may be required to purchase an additional $25.0 million of Preferred Units at the option of the issuer. The funds are expected to be used to capitalize special purpose limited liability companies (“PropCos”) to engage in sale-and-leaseback transactions and development transactions on life science real property. On September, 22, 2023, the issuer exercised its right to extend the final obligation date to purchase any additional Preferred Units to September 29, 2024. As of September 30, 2023, the Company may have the obligation to fund an additional $6.6 million by September 29, 2024, which the issuer may extend for up to one year at its option for an extension fee. The Preferred Units accrue distributions at a rate of 10.0% annually, compounded monthly. Distributions on the Preferred Units will be paid in cash with respect to stabilized PropCos and paid in kind with respect to unstabilized PropCos. The obligations of the issuer will be supported by a pledge of all equity units of the PropCos. All or a portion of the Preferred Units may be redeemed at any time for a redemption price equal to the purchase price of the Preferred Units to be redeemed plus any accrued and unpaid distributions thereon and a cash redemption fee. Upon the redemption of any Preferred Units and if the parties agree, the remaining amount to be funded by the Company may be increased by the aggregate purchase price of the redeemed Preferred Units. In addition, if the issuer experiences a change of control, the redemption price will also include a payment equal to the amount needed to achieve MOIC equal to 1.25x for unstabilized PropCos and 1.10x for stabilized PropCos. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has not recorded any contingencies on its Consolidated Balance Sheets as the obligation to fund additional Preferred Units other than under the existing commitment is considered remote for the three months ended September 30, 2023.

On December 8, 2022 and in connection with a restructuring of NSP, the Company, through REIT Sub, together with NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust, Highland Income Fund and NexPoint Real Estate Strategies Fund (collectively, the "Co-Guarantors"), as guarantors, entered into a Sponsor Guaranty Agreement in favor of Extra Space Storage, LP ("Extra Space") pursuant to which REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors guaranteed obligations of NSP with respect to NSP’s newly created Series D Preferred Stock and two promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $64.2 million issued to Extra Space. The guaranties by REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors are capped at $97.6 million, which cap amount will be reduced as the guaranteed obligations of NSP are paid. Each of REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors generally guaranteed the foregoing obligations of NSP up to the cap amount on a pro rata basis with respect to its percentage ownership of NSP’s common stock. The maximum liability of REIT Sub under the guaranties is approximately $83.8 million. As of September 30, 2023, the Company owns approximately 25.7% of the total outstanding shares of common stock of NSP.

The Company provides certain guarantees in connection with the NSP Sponsor Guaranty Agreement. See Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

On March 14, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, committed to fund $24.0 million of preferred equity with respect to a ground up construction horizontal single-family property located in Phoenix, Arizona, of which $20.1 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. The preferred equity investment provides a floating annual return that is the greater of prime rate plus 5.0% or 11.25%, compounded monthly with a MOIC of 1.30x and 1.0% placement fee. The Company was also issued a common interest at the time of its first funding of preferred equity on May 16, 2023. The common interest allows the Company to receive a 10% profit share once aggregate distributions exceed the 20% IRR hurdle as shown below. There was no value ascribed to the common interest as of September 30, 2023. Further, once the Company's preferred equity and accrued interest has been repaid, any additional cash flow and net sale proceeds shall be distributed as follows:

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•0% to the Company and 100% to issuer up to a 20.0% IRR

•10% to the Company and 90% to issuer thereafter

On February 10, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, through a unit purchase agreement, committed to purchase $30.3 million of the preferred units with respect to a multifamily property development located in Forney, Texas, of which $9.4 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. Further, the Company committed to purchase $4.3 million of common equity with respect to the same property, of which $3.3 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023.

On February 10, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, through a unit purchase agreement, committed to purchase $30.3 million of the preferred units with respect to a multifamily property development located in Richmond, Virginia, of which $16.1 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. Further, the Company committed to purchase $4.3 million of common equity with respect to the same property, of which $3.3 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023.

The table below shows the Company's unfunded commitments by investment type as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

Investment Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	Unfunded Commitments		Unfunded Commitments
Preferred Equity	$	52,200	$	25,000
Common Equity	6,600		—
	$	58,800	$	25,000

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires our management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We evaluate these judgments, assumptions and estimates for changes that would affect the reported amounts. These estimates are based on management’s historical industry experience and on various other judgments and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these judgments, assumptions and estimates. Below is a discussion of the accounting policies and estimates that involve significant estimation uncertainty that have or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. A discussion of recent accounting pronouncements and our significant accounting policies, including further discussion of the accounting policies described below, can be found in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements.

Allowance for Credit Losses

In periods ending on or prior to December 31, 2022, the Company, with the assistance of an independent valuations firm, performed a quarterly evaluation of loans classified as held for investment for impairment on a loan-by-loan basis in accordance with ASC 310-10-35, Receivables, Subsequent Measurement (“ASC 310-10-35”). If the Company determined that it was probable that it would be unable to collect all amounts owed according to the contractual terms of a loan, impairment of that loan was indicated. If a loan was considered to be impaired, the Company would establish an allowance for loan losses, through a valuation provision in earnings that reduced carrying value of the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual effective rate or the fair value of the collateral, if repayment was expected solely from the collateral. For non-impaired loans with no specific allowance the Company determined an allowance for loan losses in accordance with ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies (“ASC 450-20”), which represented management’s best estimate of incurred losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date, excluding impaired loans and loans carried at fair value. Management considered quantitative factors likely to cause estimated credit losses, including default rate and loss severity rates. The Company also evaluated qualitative factors such as macroeconomic conditions, evaluations of underlying collateral, trends in delinquencies and non-performing assets. Increases to (or reversals of) the allowance for loan loss for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 are included in “Loan loss (provision)” on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which establishes credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. The new approach changes the impairment model for most financial assets and requires the use of a current expected credit loss ("CECL") model for financial instruments measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments. This model applies to trade and other receivables, loans, debt securities, net investments in leases and off-balance sheet credit exposures (such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees not accounted for as insurance) and requires entities to estimate the lifetime expected credit loss on such instruments and record an allowance that represents the portion of the amortized cost basis that the entity does not expect to collect.

We adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2023. The implementation process included the utilization of loan loss forecasting models, updates to our loan credit loss policy documentation, changes to internal reporting processes and related internal controls, and overall operational readiness for our adoption of the new standard. We have implemented loan loss forecasting models for estimating expected life-time credit losses, at the individual loan level, for our loan portfolio. The CECL forecasting methods used by the Company include (i) a probability of default and loss given default method using underlying third-party CMBS/Commercial Real Estate loan database with historical loan losses from 1998 to 2022, and (ii) probability weighted expected cash flow method, depending on the type of loan and the availability of relevant historical market loan loss data. We might use other acceptable alternative approaches in the future depending on, among other factors, the type of loan, underlying collateral, and availability of relevant historical market loan loss data. Significant inputs to our forecasting methods include (i) key loan-specific inputs such as loan-to-value, vintage year, loan-term, underlying property type, occupancy, geographic location, performance against the underwritten business plan, and our internal loan risk rating, and (ii) a macro-economic environment forecast. The allowance for loan and lease losses reserve as of December 31, 2022, was $0.7 million and the CECL reserve as of January 1, 2023, is $2.3 million. As such, the cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 is a $1.6 million reduction in retained earnings. The provision for credit losses of $6.3 million and $6.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 is included in other income on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, resulting in a September 30, 2023 ending allowance for credit loss of $8.5 million.

Significant judgment is required in determining impairment and in estimating the resulting loss allowance, and actual losses, if any, could materially differ from those estimates.

Valuation of Common Equity

As of September 30, 2023, the Company owns approximately 25.7% of the total outstanding shares of NSP and thus can exercise significant influence over NSP. The Company elected the fair-value option in accordance with ASC 825-10-10. On a quarterly basis, the Company, with the assistance of an independent third-party valuation firm, determines the fair value for subsequent measurement absent a readily available market price. The valuation is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques consistent with the principles of ASC 820. Specifically, these techniques include the discounted cash flow methodology whereby observable market terminal capitalization rates and discount rates are applied to projected cash flows generated by self-storage assets owned by NSP. The necessary inputs for the valuation include projected cash flows of NSP, terminal capitalization rates and discount rates. These inputs are reflective of public company comparables, but are assumptions and estimates. As a result, the determination of fair value involves significant estimation uncertainty because it involves subjective judgments and estimates that are based on unobservable inputs. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the unrealized loss related to the change in fair value estimate is $16.6 million. See Notes 5 and 10 to our consolidated financial statements for additional disclosures regarding the valuation of NSP.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company owns approximately 6.36% of the total outstanding common equity of the Private REIT. The Company records the Private REIT at fair value in accordance with ASC 321. The valuation is determined using a market approach. The necessary input for the valuation includes the yield of the Private REIT. As a result, the determination of fair value is uncertain because it involves subjective judgments and estimates that are unobservable. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the unrealized loss related to the change in fair value estimate is $0.9 million. See Notes 5 and 10 to our consolidated financial statements for additional disclosures regarding the valuation of the Private REIT.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company owns approximately 98.0% of the total outstanding common equity of each of RFGH and RTB. The Company holds RFGH and RTB based on the Company's proportionate share of income (losses) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. See Notes 5 and 10 to our consolidated financial statements for additional disclosures regarding the equity method investments RFGH and RTB.

Considerations Related to Tightening Monetary Policy

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The macroeconomic environment remains challenging as central banks have continued to rapidly raise interest rates. The rising rate environment, coupled with large bank failures in early 2023 and ongoing economic uncertainty, has limited credit availability to commercial real estate. Less available and more expensive debt capital has had pronounced effects on the capital markets, making property acquisitions and other investments harder to finance. Similar factors also impact the timing of and proceeds generated from asset sales and our ability to obtain debt capital.

REIT Tax Election

We elected to be treated as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our “REIT taxable income,” as defined by the Code, to our stockholders. Taxable income from certain non-REIT activities is managed through a TRS and is subject to applicable federal, state, and local income and margin taxes. We had no significant taxes associated with our TRS for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022. We believe that our organization and current and proposed method of operation will allow us to qualify for taxation as a REIT, but no assurance can be given that we will operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) and Rule 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act, our management, including our President and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated, as of September 30, 2023, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e). Based on that evaluation, our President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2023, due to the material weakness described in Part II, Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2022 (the "Material Weakness"), to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the rules and forms of the Exchange Act and is accumulated and communicated to management, including the President and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Management nonetheless determined that the consolidated financial statements and related financial information included in this quarterly report fairly present in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of the dates presented, and for the periods ended on such dates, in conformity with GAAP. Management’s determination is based on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, management’s performance of additional analysis and other post-closing procedures as of and for the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Remediation Plan

Management is committed to implementing changes to our internal control over financial reporting to ensure that the Material Weakness is remediated. We have evaluated the impact of the Material Weakness and have implemented the following changes:

We implemented a pre-close and post-close acquisition checklist for proposed investments. The pre-close checklist includes a formal accounting analysis and review of the contract terms and structure of the proposed investment. Subsequently, after a transaction closes, accounting personnel will obtain the final executed documents and compare and review for any changes to initial accounting conclusions reached in the pre-check review. Any differences will be corrected prior to the quarter close. Management believes that this control will prevent the conditions that led to the Material Weakness.

While we believe that these actions will remediate the Material Weakness, as of September 30, 2023, the corrective processes had not been in place for a sufficient period of time for evaluation.

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Until the remediation steps set forth above, including evaluation and any additional measures we may take, are fully implemented and concluded to be operating effectively for a sufficient period of time, the Material Weakness will not be considered remediated.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Other than ongoing remediation to address the Material Weakness in internal control over financial reporting described above, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are party to legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. Management is not aware of any legal proceedings of which the outcome is reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition, nor are we aware of any such legal proceedings contemplated by government agencies.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

On November 9, 2023 (the “Separation Date”), Matt Goetz resigned from his position as Senior VP-Investments and Asset Management of the Company. Mr. Goetz’s resignation is not a result of any disagreement with the Company on any matter relating to its operations, policies or practices.

In connection with his resignation from the Company and its affiliates, Mr. Goetz and the Company, the Manager, NexPoint Advisors, L.P. (“NREA”), NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. (“NXRT”), NexPoint Real Estate Advisors, L.P., NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust (“NXDT”), NexPoint Real Estate Advisors X, L.P., VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. (“VineBrook”), and NexPoint Real Estate Advisors V, L.P. entered into a Separation Agreement, dated November 9, 2023 (the “Separation Agreement”). Pursuant to the Separation Agreement, NREA will subsidize Mr. Goetz’s COBRA premium for a period of twelve months and 72,675 restricted stock units granted to Mr. Goetz by the Company will immediately vest as of the Separation Date and will settle on the original scheduled vesting dates, subject to Mr. Goetz’s continued compliance with existing restrictive covenants. In addition, pursuant to the Separation Agreement, 11,453 restricted stock units granted to Mr. Goetz by NXRT, 11,300 restricted share units granted to Mr. Goetz by NXDT and 4,279 restricted stock units granted to Mr. Goetz by VineBrook will immediately vest as of the Separation Date and will settle on the original scheduled vesting dates, subject to Mr. Goetz’s continued compliance with existing restrictive covenants. The approximate value of the restricted stock units of the Company that are vesting on the Separation Date is $1.2 million and the approximate value of the aggregate restricted stock units of the Company, NXRT, NXDT and VineBrook that are vesting on the Separation Date is $2 million.

The Separation Agreement additionally contains, among other things, mutual non-disparagement provisions and a mutual release of claims by Mr. Goetz and the Company.

In connection with the Separation Agreement, Mr. Goetz, the Company, NXRT, NXDT and VineBrook entered into a vesting agreement pursuant to which, among other things, the award agreements between Mr. Goetz and the Company relating to his restricted stock unit grants were amended to account for his separation and accelerated vesting of a portion of his outstanding restricted stock unit grants pursuant to the Separation Agreement.

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The foregoing summary of the Separation Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Separation Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 10.1 to this Quarterly Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 6. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number	Description
10.1*	Separation Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2023, by and among NexPoint Advisors, L.P., NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc., NexPoint Real Estate Advisors, L.P., NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc., NexPoint Real Estate Advisors VII, L.P., NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust, NexPoint Real Estate Advisors X, L.P., VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc., NexPoint Real Estate Advisors V, L.P. and Matthew Goetz
31.1*	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1+	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*	Inline XBRL Instance Document (The instance document does not appear in the interactive date file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document)
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

______________________

*    Filed herewith.

+    Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC.

Signature	Title	Date
/s/ Jim Dondero	Chairman of the Board and President (Principal Executive Officer)	November 13, 2023
Jim Dondero
/s/ Brian Mitts	Director, Chief Financial Officer, Executive VP-Finance, Secretary and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)	November 13, 2023
Brian Mitts

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EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

SEPARATION AGREEMENT

THIS SEPARATION AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of November 9, 2023 by and among (i) NexPoint Advisors, L.P. (the “Adviser”), (ii) NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. (“NXRT”), (iii) NexPoint Real Estate Advisors, L.P. (the “NXRT Adviser”), (iv) NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. (“NREF”), (v) NexPoint Real Estate Advisors VII, L.P. (the “NREF Adviser”), (vi) NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust (“NXDT”), (vii) NexPoint Real Estate Advisors X, L.P. (the “NXDT Adviser”), (viii) VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. (“VB” and, together with NXRT, NREF and NXDT, the “REITs”), and (ix) NexPoint Real Estate Advisors V, L.P. (the “VB Adviser” and, together with the NXRT Adviser, the NREF Adviser and the NXDT Adviser, the “REIT Advisers”) and Matthew Goetz (“Executive”).

WHEREAS, Executive has served as (i) Director of the Adviser, (ii) Senior VP Investments and Asset Management of NXRT, (iii) Senior VP Investments and Asset Management of NREF and (iv) Senior VP Investments and Asset Management of NXDT;

WHEREAS, Executive shall be deemed to have resigned from such positions, effective as of November 9, 2023 (the “Separation Date”), at which time Executive’s employment with the Adviser, the REITs and the REIT Advisers (collectively, the “Employer Parties”) terminated (the “Separation”); and

WHEREAS, in connection with the Separation, the Employer Parties and Executive desire to enter into this Agreement in order to set forth the respective rights and obligations of the parties.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises, covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement, the sufficiency of which the parties acknowledge, it is agreed as follows:

1.Separation. Effective as of the Separation Date, Executive ceased to serve as (i) Director of the Adviser, (ii) Senior VP Investments and Asset Management of NXRT, (ii) Senior VP Investments and Asset Management of NREF, (iii) Senior VP Investments and Asset Management of NXDT and (iv) all officer, director, or employment positions held by the Executive with the Employer Parties or any respective subsidiary or affiliate thereof.

2.Compensation; Treatment of LTIP Awards. In connection with Executive’s Separation from the Employer Parties, subject to and conditioned on Executive’s compliance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, including, without limitation, Executive’s execution of this Agreement and the general release of claims set forth in Section 4 hereof (the “General Release”), Executive shall receive the following “Separation Benefits,” less applicable taxes and withholdings:

(a)Executive’s Separation will be treated as a qualifying termination without cause for purposes of outstanding awards issued pursuant to (i) NXRT’s 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan, (ii) NREF’s 2020 Long Term Incentive Plan, (iii) NXDT’s 2023 Long Term Incentive Plan, (iv) VB’s 2018 Long Term Incentive Plan and (v) VB’s 2023 Long Term Incentive Plan.

(b)All outstanding awards issued pursuant to the foregoing plans will vest and become nonforfeitable, or will be forfeited and cancelled, as set forth on Exhibit A hereto. Any outstanding award not otherwise included as vested and nonforfeitable in Exhibit A shall be forfeited and cancelled, even if not expressly addressed in Exhibit A. Following the Separation Date, vested awards will settle and delivery will be made to Executive on the dates set forth in Exhibit A, provided that such settlement and delivery will be conditioned on Executive complying with the terms of this Agreement through each settlement and delivery date.

(c)The Adviser will subsidize, by payment directly to Discovery Benefits, the actual cost of COBRA medical and dental insurance for Executive for a period of twelve (12) months following the termination of their employer-sponsored benefits as officially recorded in the Executive’s COBRA Specific Rights Notification, December 1, 2023 – November 30, 2024 (the “COBRA Subsidy”). Executive retains sole responsibility for enrolling in COBRA in order to accept such subsidy within thirty (30) calendar days of the termination of their employer-sponsored benefits as officially recorded in

AmericasActive:19003288.11

Executive's COBRA Specific Rights Notification. Failure to enroll in COBRA will forfeit Executive's right to the COBRA Subsidy.

(d)The Separation Benefits is a gross amount, subject to all deductions that are deemed necessary by Executive to comply with state or federal laws on withholding. Executive agrees that he otherwise is responsible for paying all state, federal, and local taxes owed in connection with these payments.

(e)Executive agrees that, other than Separation Benefits set forth in this Section 2 or identified on Exhibit A, or as otherwise expressly set forth in this Agreement, Executive shall not be entitled to any additional or further consideration or payments from any Employer Party, or any of their respective affiliates, including, but not limited to, any vested, unvested, contingent or deferred salary, bonuses, stock or stock equivalents, equity grants, or other compensation in whatever form.

3.Accrued Obligations. As soon as practicable following the Separation Date, the Adviser shall provide reimbursement to Executive for any business expenses that he submits to the Adviser in accordance with its expense reimbursement policy. In addition, Executive shall be entitled to vested benefits under the applicable employee benefit plans maintained by the Employer Parties in accordance with the terms and conditions of such plans.

4.Release of Claims.

(a)In exchange for the Separation Benefits, and in consideration of the further agreements and promises set forth herein, Executive agrees unconditionally and forever to release and discharge the Employer Parties, including, without limitation, any of the Employer Parties respective current and former officers, directors, members, managers, employees, representatives, attorneys and agents, as well as all of their predecessors, parents, subsidiaries, affiliates, successors in interest and assigns (collectively, the “Releasees”) from any and all claims, actions, causes of action, demands, rights, or damages of any kind or nature which Executive may now have, or ever have, whether known or unknown, including any claims, causes of action or demands of any nature arising out of or in any way relating to Executive’s employment with, or termination from employment with any Employer Parties on or before the date Executive signs this Agreement.

(b)This release specifically includes any and all claims relating to or arising from Executive’s employment with any Employer Parties, the terms and conditions of that employment, and the termination of that employment relationship, without limitation: any and all claims for fraud; breach of contract; breach of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing; inducement of breach; interference with contract; wrongful or unlawful discharge or demotion; violation of public policy; assault and battery; invasion of privacy; intentional or negligent infliction of emotional distress; intentional or negligent misrepresentation; conspiracy; failure to pay wages, benefits, vacation pay, severance pay, attorneys’ fees, or other compensation of any sort; wrongful termination; retaliation; wrongful demotion; discrimination or harassment on any basis protected by federal, state or local law including, but not limited to race, color, sex, gender identity, national origin, ancestry, religion, disability, handicap, medical condition, marital status, and sexual orientation; any claim under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Civil Rights Acts of 1866, 1870 and 1991, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, Section 1981 of Title 42 of the United States Code, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Equal Pay Act, the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act, the Uniform Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act, the Texas Payday Act, Chapter 21 of the Texas Labor Code, and all other federal, state, or local statutes, ordinances and laws; violation of any safety and health laws, statutes or regulations; or any other wrongful conduct, based upon events occurring prior to the date of execution of this release (“Released Claims”). The Released Claims, however, shall not include any claims, rights or benefits arising under this Agreement, for vested benefits under the applicable employee benefit plans maintained by the REITs in accordance with the terms and conditions of such plans, or any claims for indemnification (including advancement of expenses) arising under any written indemnification agreement between the REITs and Executive (including, but not limited to, (i) that certain Indemnification Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2015, between NXRT and Executive (the “NXRT Indemnification Agreement”), (ii) that certain Indemnification Agreement, dated as of February 6, 2020,

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between NREF and Executive (the “NREF Indemnification Agreement”) and (iii) that certain Indemnification Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2023, between NXDT and Executive (the “NXDT Indemnification Agreement” and, together with the NXRT Indemnification Agreement and the NREF Indemnification Agreement, the “Indemnification Agreements”)) or pursuant to the bylaws of the REITs, as applicable, or pursuant to applicable law.

(c)Executive further understands, acknowledges, and agrees to waive Executive’s rights under any other statute or regulation, state or federal, that provides that a general release does not extend to claims that Executive does not know or suspect to exist in Executive’s favor at the time of executing this Agreement and Release, which if known to Executive must have materially affected Executive’s settlement with the Employer Parties.

(d)The Employer Parties, on behalf of themselves and the Releasees, agree to unconditionally and forever release and discharge Executive from any and all claims, actions, causes of action, demands, right or damages of any kind or nature which they may now have, or ever had, whether known or unknown, arising out of or in any way related to Executive’s employment with or termination from employment on or before the date Executive signs this Agreement.

(e)The parties intend this mutual release to be a full and comprehensive general release waiving and releasing all claims, demands, and causes of action, known or unknown, to the fullest extent permitted by law except as otherwise expressly provided herein. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to nor shall it be interpreted to release any claim which, by law, may not be released. This Agreement is not intended to and does not affect any rights or claims arising after the date this Agreement is executed by Executive. Further, this Agreement shall not limit or prohibit any party’s ability to bring a claim to enforce this Agreement nor shall it waive or limit Executive’s right to indemnification (including with respect to any right to receive advancement of expenses and to be held harmless) pursuant to any applicable directors and officers liability insurance coverage, any written indemnification agreement between any of the Employer Parties and Executive (including, but not limited to, the Indemnification Agreements) or pursuant to the bylaws of the REITs, as applicable, or pursuant to applicable law.

5.Additional Representations and Warranties.

(a)Executive represents that Executive has no pending complaints or charges against the Releasees, or any of them, with any state or federal court, or any local, state or federal agency, division, or department based on any event(s) occurring prior to the date Executive signs this Agreement. Executive further represents that Executive will not in the future file, participate in, encourage, instigate or assist in the prosecution of any claim, complaints, charges or in any lawsuit by any party in any state or federal court against the Releasees, or any of them, unless such aid or assistance is ordered by a court or government agency or sought by compulsory legal process, claiming that the Releasees, or any of them, have violated any local, state or federal laws, statutes, ordinances or regulations based upon events occurring prior to the execution of this Agreement. This prohibition applies only in situations where Executive may legally waive the ability to bring or participate in a legal action against his former employer as a matter of law. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as prohibiting Executive from making a future claim with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission or any similar state agency; provided, however, that should Executive pursue such an administrative action against the Releasees, or any of them, to the maximum extent allowed by law, Executive agrees and acknowledges that Executive will not seek, nor shall Executive be entitled to recover, any monetary damages from any such proceeding.

(b)Each Employer Parties represents that neither it nor any of its parents, subsidiaries or affiliated companies has any pending complaints or charges filed by any of them, or on behalf of any of them, against Executive with any state or federal court, or any local, state or federal agency, division, or department based on any act, omission or event(s) occurring prior to the date such Employer Parties signs this Agreement.

6.No Admission of Liability. By entering into this Agreement, none of the Employer Parties or Executive suggests or admits to any liability to one another or that they violated any law or any duty or obligation to one another, or that they committed any wrongdoing whatsoever.

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7.Blue Penciling. If, at any time after the date of the execution of this Agreement, any provision of this Agreement shall be held by any court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, void or unenforceable, such provision shall be of no force and effect. However, the illegality or unenforceability of such provision shall have no effect upon, and shall not impair the enforceability of, any other provision of this Agreement; provided, however, that if the General Release contained in this Agreement is deemed void or unenforceable, Executive agrees to promptly execute a valid general release and waiver in favor of the Releasees.

8.Sole and Exclusive Benefits. This Agreement provides for the sole and exclusive benefits for which Executive is eligible as a result of his separation of service with the Employer Parties, except as otherwise required by law, and Executive shall not be eligible for any contractual benefits under any other agreement or arrangement providing for benefits upon a separation from service, including, but not limited to, any payments any severance plan, policy or program of any Employer Party.

9.Other Executive Representations and Covenants. Executive and the Employer Parties agree to and make the following representations and covenants, as applicable:

(a)On or prior to the Separation Date, unless otherwise agreed upon with the Adviser, Executive shall promptly return to each Employer Party any property of such Employer Party in his possession, custody or control, including, but not limited to, computers, or other electronic devices, files, identification card, data storage devices, office keys, documents (hard copy or electronic files), email communications or other business communications or records, and any sources of confidential information, unless otherwise agreed by the Executive and the Adviser.

(b)Executive agrees that he will not defame or disparage any Employer Party, their respective affiliates, and any of their directors, officers, agents, employees and representatives and/or any Employer Party’s products or services. Each Employer Party agrees that such Employer Party’s officers and directors shall not defame or disparage Executive or his performance as an officer, director or employee of the Employer Parties. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, nothing in this Agreement prohibits Executive or any Employer Party’s officers or directors from truthfully testifying in any legal proceeding or providing truthful information to any governmental, regulatory or administrative agency or in connection with any action to enforce the rights of this Agreement.

(c)Each of NXRT, NREF and NXDT shall maintain a directors and officers liability insurance policy that covers Executive to the same extent that it covers its directors and officers for a period of six years following the Separation Date with respect to any acts, omissions or events that occurred during Executive’s employment with such REIT. Each of NXRT, NREF and NXDT shall also continue to provide Executive with indemnification (including advancement of fees and expenses) in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Indemnification Agreements. Notwithstanding anything to contrary herein or in any other agreement between Executive and any of the Employer Parties, Executive shall not be entitled to indemnification or advancement of any legal fees or expenses for any dispute between Executive and any of the Employer Parties or any of their affiliates.

10.Consultation and Cooperation. In consideration of the Severance Benefits, for a period of twelve (12) months after the Separation Date Executive agrees to reasonably cooperate with any of the Employer Parties, at their reasonable request, to consult, and provide such information as may from time to time be requested by any of the Employer Parties in connection with various legal or business matters in which Executive was involved in connection with his relationship(s) with the Employer Parties, or about which Executive has knowledge or information, and to take any other action reasonably required by any of the Employer Parties relating to legal or business matters in which Executive was involved in connection with his relationship(s) with the Employer Parties, including cooperation with any of the Employer Parties, in all pending and future litigation, claims, investigations, examinations, or audits by any federal, state, or local governmental agencies involving any of the Employer Parties, in which any of the Employer Parties reasonably believes that Executive may have relevant knowledge or information.

(a)Limitations. While performing services following the Separation Date pursuant to this Agreement, Executive acknowledges and agrees that his relationship to any of the Employer Parties will be that of an independent contractor, that none of the Employer Parties will exercise any control or

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direction over the methods by which he performs services pursuant to this Agreement, and that he will not be, nor will he represent to anyone, that he is an agent or active Executive of any of the Employer Parties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at no time following the date of this Agreement shall Executive have, and Executive agrees not to purport to have or exercise any actual or apparent authority to enter into contracts, commitments, or obligations of any kind, or to make any representations, on behalf of any of the Employer Parties, unless expressly authorized to do so in writing by an authorized representative of the Employer Parties. Executive also will not have, and agree not to purport to have or exercise, the authority to supervise or direct the activities of any Executive of any of the Employer Parties. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that, during such period when he is providing consulting services to any of the Employer Parties and thereafter, he will not be eligible to participate in any of the rights and benefits afforded to Executives of any of the Employer Parties

(b)Hold Harmless/Indemnification. Each Employer Party agrees, on its own behalf and not jointly, to hold harmless and indemnify Executive for any claim, reasonable expense, loss or damage, including without limitation Executive’s costs and reasonable attorney's’ fees, arising out of, or in connection with, any such cooperation Executive undertakes for such Employer Party pursuant to this Section.

(c)Providing Testimony.Executive further agrees that upon the reasonable request of any Employer Party, Executive will provide testimony in court or upon deposition and other information (whether by testimony or otherwise) that is truthful, accurate, and complete, according to information known to Executive, in connection with the prosecution or defense of any of the Employer Parties in any pending or future litigation, claims, investigations, examinations, or audits. Executive acknowledges that he shall not be paid a Consulting Fee for any time spent providing testimony and/or responding to a subpoena issued to Executive individually, but he shall be reimbursed for any reasonable out-of-pocket expenses he incurs providing such testimony. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in no event shall Executive be entitled to any payments or reimbursements hereunder with respect to any matter regarding which Executive is directly or indirectly adverse to any of the Employer Parties, including, without limitation being called or subpoenaed by an Employer Party as an adverse witness to any Employer Party.     

11.Assignment of Work Product / Works for Hire. Executive acknowledges and agrees that any work product prepared, conceived, or developed by Executive during the term of their relationship with any of the Employer Parties, including but not limited to all written documents and electronic data pertaining thereto, is and shall remain the exclusive property of such Employer Party, and will be considered confidential information subject to the terms of this Agreement. Executive agrees that when appropriate, and upon written request of any Employer Party, Executive will acknowledge that their work product constitutes "works for hire" and will cooperate in the filing for patents or copyrights with regard to any or all such work product and will sign documentation necessary to evidence ownership by such Employer Party of such work product.

12.Voluntary Agreement. Executive represents that Executive has carefully read this Agreement and fully understands it and that in signing this document, Executive understands that Executive is releasing the Employer Parties from the Released Claims that Executive has or may have against the Employer Parties as of the date Executive signs this Agreement. Executive has been advised of Executive’s right to consult with an attorney of Executive’s choice, and Executive freely and voluntarily agrees to the terms set forth in this Agreement, and knowingly and willingly intends to be legally bound by them.

13.This Agreement Governs. Executive acknowledges and agrees that the Employer Parties have made no promises, commitments or representations to Executive other than those contained in this Agreement and that Executive has not relied upon any statement or representation made by any Employer Party with respect to the basis or effect of this Agreement or otherwise.

14.Binding Agreement. This Agreement shall bind Executive, Executive’s heirs, beneficiaries, trustees, administrators, executors, and legal representatives, and shall inure to the benefit of the Releasees, and their respective beneficiaries, trustees, administrators, executors, assigns and legal representatives. Executive may not assign any of Executive’s rights or obligations under this Agreement.

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Without limiting the foregoing, an Employer Party may assign its rights and delegate its duties hereunder in whole or in part to any affiliate of the Employer Parties or to any transferee of all or a portion of an Employer Party’s assets or business.

15.Entire Agreement. This Agreement contains the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, except that the Indemnification Agreements, Executive’s equity award agreements (except as modified in Section 2 above), post appointment restrictive covenants, including any noncompete or non-solicit agreements, and any existing post-employment obligations Executive has with respect to confidentiality under any agreement entered into between Executive and an Employer Party shall remain in full force and effect. This Agreement may not be changed orally, and no modification, amendment or waiver of any of the provisions contained in this Agreement, nor any future representation, promise or condition in connection with the subject matter hereof, shall be binding upon any party unless made in writing and signed by such party.

16.Counterparts; Electronic Signature. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument. The facsimile, email or other electronically delivered signatures of the parties shall be deemed to constitute original signatures, and facsimile or electronic copies hereof shall be deemed to constitute duplicate originals.

17.Governing Law. This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas, without giving effect to any principles of conflicts of law. Any dispute related to or arising out of this Agreement exclusively and solely shall be adjudicated in the state and federal courts of Dallas County, Texas. All parties hereto agree to submit themselves to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts of Dallas County, Texas in connection with any dispute related to or arising out of this Agreement.

18.Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding on each Employer Party and Executive and upon their respective heirs, representatives, successors and assigns.

19.Interpretation. Should any provision of this Agreement require interpretation or construction, it is agreed by the parties that the entity interpreting or construing the Agreement shall not apply a presumption against one party by reason of the rule of construction that a document is to be construed more strictly against the party who prepared the document.

[Signatures appear on following page]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Separation Agreement as of the date first above written.

NEXPOINT ADVISORS, L.P.

                            By: /s/ James Dondero    ____________________

                            Name: James Dondero

                            Title: President

NEXPOINT RESIDENTIAL TRUST, INC.

                            By: /s/ Brian Mitts    ____________________

                            Name: Brian Mitts

                            Title: Authorized Signatory

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE ADVISORS, L.P.

                            By: /s/ Brian Mitts    ____________________

                            Name: Brian Mitts

                            Title: Authorized Signatory

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC.

                            By: /s/ Brian Mitts    ____________________

                            Name: Brian Mitts

                            Title: Authorized Signatory

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE ADVISORS VII, L.P.

                            By: /s/ Brian Mitts    ____________________

                            Name: Brian Mitts

                            Title: Authorized Signatory

NEXPOINT DIVERSIFIED REAL ESTATE TRUST

                            By: /s/ Brian Mitts    ____________________

                            Name: Brian Mitts

                            Title: Authorized Signatory

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE ADVISORS X, L.P.

                            By: /s/ Brian Mitts    ____________________

                            Name: Brian Mitts

                            Title: Authorized Signatory

VINEBROOK HOMES TRUST, INC.

                            By: /s/ Brian Mitts    ____________________

                            Name: Brian Mitts

                            Title: Authorized Signatory

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE ADVISORS V, L.P.

                            By: /s/ Brian Mitts    ____________________

                            Name: Brian Mitts

                            Title: Authorized Signatory

EXECUTIVE

/s/ Matthew Goetz_________________________

Matthew Goetz

EXHIBIT A

TREATMENT OF LTIP AWARDS

Vested RSU Awards

The following restricted stock unit awards granted pursuant to the following award agreements, each as amended, shall immediately vest and become nonforfeitable on the Separation Date and each such award shall be delivered and settled in Shares (as defined under the applicable award agreement) or cash on the dates set forth below; provided that, such settlement and delivery will be conditioned on Executive complying with the terms of the Agreement through each settlement and delivery date.

RSU Award Agreements

3,136 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 21, 2019

1,528 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2020

1,061 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2020

1,864 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 18, 2021

1,394 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2022

2,469 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of March 28, 2023

11,300 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust, Form of Restricted Shares Units Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2023

11,922 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2020

16,340 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 22, 2021

19,876 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 21, 2022

24,536 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2023

899 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2020

1,566 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 15, 2021

1,048 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2022

765 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2023

Vested RSU Award – Settlement Schedule

NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc.Awards:

Initial Grant Date	Total Awards Vesting on the Separation Date	First Settlement Date	Amount Settling	Second Settlement Date	Amount Settling
2/21/19	3,136	2/21/24	3,136
2/20/20	1,528	2/20/24	841	2/20/25	687
5/11/20	1,061	5/11/24	584	5/11/25	477
2/18/21	1,864	2/18/24	1,026	2/18/25	838
2/17/22	1,394	2/17/24	767	2/17/25	627
3/28/23	2,469	3/28/24	1,359	3/28/25	1,110

NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust Awards:

Initial Grant Date	Total Awards Vesting on the Separation Date	First Settlement Date	Amount Settling	Second Settlement Date	Amount Settling
4/4/23	11,300	4/4/24	6,219	4/4/25	5,081

NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc.Awards:

Initial Grant Date	Total Awards Vesting on the Separation Date	First Settlement Date	Amount Settling	Second Settlement Date	Amount Settling
6/24/20	11,922	5/8/24	11,922
2/22/21	16,340	2/22/24	8,993	2/22/25	7,347
2/21/22	19,876	2/21/24	10,939	2/21/25	8,937
4/4/23	24,536	4/4/24	13,504	4/4/25	11,033

VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Awards:

Initial Grant Date	Total Awards Vesting on the Separation Date	First Settlement Date	Amount Settling	Second Settlement Date	Amount Settling
5/11/20	899	2/20/24	899
2/15/21	1,566	2/18/24	862	2/18/25	704
2/17/22	1,048	2/17/24	577	2/17/25	471
4/11/23	765	4/11/24	421	4/11/25	344

Forfeited RSU Awards

The following restricted stock unit awards granted pursuant to the following award agreements, each as amended, shall immediately be forfeited and cancelled on the Separation Date.

154 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2020

107 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2020

1,214 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 18, 2021

1,675 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2022

4,326 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of March 28, 2023

13,576 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust, Form of Restricted Shares Units Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2023

1,646 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 22, 2021

12,941 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 21, 2022

29,479 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2023

3,597 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2020

3,604 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 15, 2021

2,993 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2022

2,606 RSU Awards granted pursuant to the VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. Restricted Stock Units Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2023

Execution Copy

VESTING AGREEMENT

This VESTING AGREEMENT (the “Vesting Agreement”) is made and entered into as of November 9, 2023 (the “Effective Date”) by and among (i) NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. (“NXRT”), (ii) NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. (“NREF”), (iii) NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust (“NXDT”), and (iv) VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. (together with NXRT, NREF and NXDT, the “REITs”), and Matthew Goetz (“Grantee”).

WHEREAS, NXRT, NREF, NXDT and VB maintain the following equity plans, respectively: (i) NXRT’s 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan, (ii) NREF’s 2020 Long Term Incentive Plan, (iii) NXDT’s 2023 Long Term Incentive Plan and (iv) VB’s 2018 Long Term Incentive Plan (together, the “Plans”);

WHEREAS, Sections 17 and 18, 17 and 18, 18 and 19 and 18 and 19 of the NXRT Plan, NREF Plan, NXDT Plan and VB Plan, respectively, authorize the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of each REIT’s Board of Directors to amend awards granted under the plans, including to restate the awards’ vesting schedules and to comply with the deferred compensation rules of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Section 409A”);

WHEREAS, Grantee has entered into a separation agreement, dated as of the Effective Date, in connection with Grantee’s separation from service as an employee of NexPoint Advisors, L.P. (the “Adviser”), the REITs and any respective affiliates (the “Separation”) on the Effective Date (the “Separation Agreement”); and

WHEREAS, each REIT’s Committee has determined that it would be advisable and in the best interest of the REIT and its stockholders to amend the terms of Grantee’s outstanding restricted stock units or restricted share units (both, “RSUs”) awarded under the Plans and the award agreements, each as set forth on Exhibit A to the Separation Agreement, in connection with the Grantee’s Separation.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto do hereby agree as follows:

1.Each RSU award agreement set forth on Exhibit A to the Separation Agreement shall be amended to:

(a)Remove all references to the defined term “Retirement” and make any related conforming changes so the RSU award agreements read as if the term had never been included in the award agreement, retroactive to the RSU award’s grant date.

(b)Add the following language to a new section at the end of the RSU award agreement:

Impact of Vesting Agreement

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, as of the effective date of that certain vesting agreement made and entered into as of November 9, 2023 (the “Separation Effective Date”) by and among (i) NexPoint Residential Trust, Inc. (“NXRT”), (ii) NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. (“NREF”), (iii) NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust (“NXDT”), and (iv) VineBrook Homes Trust, Inc. (together with NXRT, NREF and NXDT, the “REITs”), and [Grantee / Participant] (the “Vesting Agreement”), any outstanding RSUs under this Agreement shall vest and become nonforfeitable, or will be forfeited and cancelled, as set forth on Exhibit A to the Separation Agreement (as defined in the Vesting Agreement) and generally within the Separation Agreement, and all other vesting and settlement schedules with respect to the RSUs under this Agreement shall be null and void.

2.Add the following language to a new section at the end of the RSU award agreement after the amendment set forth in Section 1(b) hereof:

Application of Section 409A of the Code.

(a)    Exemption or Compliance. The Agreement and RSUs vesting and settling in connection with it are intended to be exempt from or otherwise comply with Section 409A of the Code, including the exceptions for short-term deferrals, separation pay arrangements, reimbursements, and in-kind distributions, and shall be administered, construed and interpreted in accordance with such intent. Any RSUs that fail to qualify for the exemptions under Section 409A of the Code shall be paid or provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company cannot guarantee that the RSUs provided under the Agreement will satisfy all applicable provisions of Section 409A of the Code and the [Grantee / Participant] shall be solely responsible and liable for the satisfaction of all taxes and penalties that may be imposed on or for the account of the Participant in connection with this Agreement (including any taxes and penalties under Section 409A of the Code), and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries or affiliates shall have any obligation to indemnify or otherwise hold the [Grantee / Participant] (or any beneficiary) harmless from any or all of such taxes or penalties.

(b)    Payments and Reimbursements. Each payment with respect to the RSUs settling under this Agreement is intended to be treated as one of a series of separate payments for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. To the extent any reimbursements or in-kind benefit payments under the Agreement are subject to Section 409A of the Code, such reimbursements and in-kind benefit payments will be made in accordance with Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(i)(1)(iv) (or any similar or successor provisions).

(c)    Specified Employees. Notwithstanding anything in the Agreement to the contrary, to the extent the [Grantee / Participant] is considered a “specified employee” (as defined in Section 409A of the Code) and would be entitled to a payment during the six-month period beginning on the [Grantee’s / Participant’s] separation from service (as defined in Section 409A of the Code) that is not otherwise excluded under Section 409A of the Code under the exception for short-term deferrals, separation pay arrangements, reimbursements, in-kind distributions, or any otherwise applicable exemption, the payment will not be made to the [Grantee / Participant] until the earlier of the six-month anniversary of the [Grantee / Participant’s] separation from service or the [Grantee / Participant’s] death and will be accumulated and paid on the first day of the seventh month following the separation from service.

(d)    Amendment. The Company may amend the Agreement to the minimum extent necessary to satisfy the applicable provisions of Section 409A of the Code.

3.For the avoidance of doubt, the amendment at Section 1(a) hereof will be deemed to occur a moment in time prior to the amendments at Sections 1(b) and (c) hereof.

4.All other terms of the RSU award agreements remain the same and are in full force and effect unless contrary to the intent of this Vesting Agreement. This Vesting Agreement contains the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, expect with respect to the Separation Agreement where its terms would not contradict the Vesting Agreement. This Vesting Agreement may not be changed orally, and no modification, amendment or waiver of any of the provisions contained in this Vesting Agreement, nor any future representation, promise or condition in connection with the subject matter hereof, shall be binding upon any party unless made in writing and signed by such party.

    6

5.This Vesting Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas, without giving effect to any principles of conflicts of law. Any dispute related to or arising out of this Vesting Agreement exclusively and solely shall be adjudicated in the state and federal courts of Dallas County, Texas. All parties hereto agree to submit themselves to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts of Dallas County, Texas in connection with any dispute related to or arising out of this Vesting Agreement.

6.This Vesting Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument. The facsimile, email or other electronically delivered signatures of the parties shall be deemed to constitute original signatures, and facsimile or electronic copies hereof shall be deemed to constitute duplicate originals.

[Signature Page Follows]

    7

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Vesting Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

NEXPOINT RESIDENTIAL TRUST, INC.

By: /s/ Brian Mitts                

Name: Brian Mitts

Title: Authorized Signatory

NEXPOINT REAL ESTATE FINANCE, INC.

By: /s/ Brian Mitts                

Name: Brian Mitts

Title: Authorized Signatory

NEXPOINT DIVERSIFIED REAL ESTATE TRUST

By: /s/ Brian Mitts                

Name: Brian Mitts

Title: Authorized Signatory

VINEBROOK HOMES TRUST, INC.

By: /s/ Brian Mitts                

Name: Brian Mitts

Title: Authorized Signatory

GRANTEE

By: /s/ Matthew Goetz            

Name: Matthew Goetz

[Signature Page of Vesting Agreement]

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Jim Dondero, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 13, 2023
	/s/ Jim Dondero
	Jim Dondero President (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Brian Mitts, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 13, 2023
	/s/ Brian Mitts
	Brian Mitts Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ending September 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, Jim Dondero, President of the Company, and Brian Mitts, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: November 13, 2023	/s/ Jim Dondero
	Jim Dondero President (Principal Executive Officer)
Dated: November 13, 2023	/s/ Brian Mitts
	Brian Mitts Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

XML

Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Nov. 13, 2023
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39210
Entity Registrant Name	NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MD
Entity Tax Identification Number	84-2178264
Entity Address, Address Line One	300 Crescent Court, Suite 700
Entity Address, City or Town	Dallas
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	75201
City Area Code	214
Local Phone Number	276-6300
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		17,231,913
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Central Index Key	0001786248
Common Stock
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Trading Symbol	NREF
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, 8.5%
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	8.50% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value 0.01 per share
Trading Symbol	NREF-PRA
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 10,977	$ 20,048
Restricted cash	1,942	299
Real estate investments, net	58,563	245,222
Common stock investment, at fair value	60,709	78,264
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net	708,003	726,531
Accrued interest and dividends	21,489	15,665
Accounts receivable and other assets	1,276	2,197
TOTAL ASSETS	6,886,353	8,154,136
Liabilities:
Secured financing agreements, net	676,900	687,885
Master repurchase agreements	298,009	331,020
Unsecured notes, net	205,625	204,960
Mortgages payable, net	32,205	121,236
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	3,405	6,231
Accrued interest payable	10,124	7,986
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,225,922	6,249,804
Total Liabilities	6,452,190	7,609,122
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	89,148	96,501
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock	16	16
Common stock	172	171
Additional paid-in capital	394,720	392,124
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)	(37,226)	4,435
Preferred stock held in treasury at cost; 355,000 shares and 355,000, respectively	(8,567)	(8,567)
Common stock held in treasury at cost; 286,987 shares and 286,987 shares, respectively	(4,195)	(4,195)
Total Stockholders' Equity	345,015	448,513
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	6,886,353	8,154,136
CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
ASSETS
Debt securities, trading	42,471	46,876
MSCR Notes
ASSETS
Debt securities, trading	10,325	10,313
Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
ASSETS
Debt securities, trading	37,975	32,328
Consolidated Entity, Excluding Consolidated VIE
ASSETS
Loans and leases receivable, net amount	320,151	256,147
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
ASSETS
Loans and leases receivable, net amount	5,612,472	6,720,246
Subsidiaries
Stockholders' Equity:
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	$ 95	$ 64,529

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Common stock investment, at fair value	$ 60,709	$ 78,264
Preferred stock, par value per share (in usd per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Preferred stock, issued (in shares)	2,000,000	2,000,000
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares)		1,645,000
Common stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, authorized (in shares)	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	17,518,900	17,366,930
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	17,231,913	17,079,943
Treasury stock, preferred (in shares)	355,000	355,000
Treasury stock, common (in shares)	286,987	286,987
Affiliated Entity
Loans and leases receivable, net amount	$ 31,416	$ 46,022
Common stock investment, at fair value	$ 33,759	$ 50,380

XML

Consolidated Statement of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Net interest income
Interest income	$ 18,014	$ 14,893	$ 51,474	$ 62,420
Interest expense	(13,197)	(10,682)	(38,503)	(28,607)
Total net interest income	4,817	4,211	12,971	33,813
Other income (loss)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on common stock investments	(16,464)	(3,189)	(17,556)	159
Reversal of (provision for) credit losses	(6,276)	7	(6,236)	(57)
Realized Losses	0	(1,084)	0	(1,084)
Other income	38	115	391	353
Gain on deconsolidation of real estate owned	0	0	1,490	0
Gain on extinguishment of debt	0	0	0	17
Equity in income (losses) of equity method investments	(1,675)	0	(2,564)	0
Revenues from consolidated real estate owned	1,083	3,455	3,147	9,108
Total other income (loss)	(15,535)	(7,521)	4,784	1,757
Operating expenses
General and administrative expenses	2,524	1,677	7,053	5,308
Loan servicing fees	1,049	1,112	3,155	3,333
Management fees	820	822	2,470	2,330
Expenses from consolidated real estate owned	1,939	2,442	4,272	8,419
Total operating expenses	6,332	6,053	16,950	19,390
Net income (loss)	(17,050)	(9,363)	805	16,180
Net (income) loss attributable to preferred shareholders	(874)	(874)	(2,622)	(2,630)
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	2,374	1,889	(1,419)	(5,080)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$ (15,550)	$ (9,289)	$ (3,236)	$ 6,967
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	17,232	14,962	17,188	14,526
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	23,086	22,678	22,950	22,402
Earnings per share outstanding - basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.90)	$ (0.62)	$ (0.19)	$ 0.48
Earnings per share outstanding - diluted (in dollars per share)	(0.90)	(0.62)	(0.19)	0.48
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.6850	$ 0.5000	$ 2.0550	$ 1.5000
CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Other income (loss)
Debt securities, trading, unrealized gain (loss)	$ 710	$ (3,904)	$ 926	$ (11,555)
MSCR Notes
Other income (loss)
Debt securities, trading, unrealized gain (loss)	(15)	44	13	(147)
Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Other income (loss)
Debt securities, trading, unrealized gain (loss)	27	(317)	247	(356)
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Other income (loss)
Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities	7,037	(2,648)	24,926	5,319
Debt securities, trading, unrealized gain (loss)	(2,767)	(12,103)	(6,408)	(20,304)
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
Operating expenses
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	2,374	1,889	(1,419)	(5,080)
Subsidiaries
Operating expenses
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	$ 0	$ (941)	$ 0	$ (1,503)

XML

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	At-the-market Offering	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Series A Preferred Stock	Common Stock	Common Stock At-the-market Offering	Additional Paid-in Capital	Additional Paid-in Capital At-the-market Offering	Retained Earnings (accumulated deficit) Less Dividends	Retained Earnings (accumulated deficit) Less Dividends Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Common Stock Held in Treasury at Cost	Preferred Stock Held in Treasury at Cost	Noncontrolling Interest Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary	Noncontrolling Interest Subsidiaries
Preferred stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021				1,645,000
Common stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021					9,163,934
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 245,283			$ 16	$ 92		$ 222,300		$ 28,367		$ (4,195)	$ (8,567)	$ 7,175	$ 95
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Vesting of stock-based compensation (in shares)					114,494
Vesting of stock-based compensation	1,924				$ 1		1,923
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary on consolidation of real estate	52,433						490							51,943
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest	(7,175)												(7,175)
Issuance of common stock (in shares)					531,728
Issuance of common stock		$ 11,518				$ 5		$ 11,513
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (in shares)					5,169,603
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	113,535				$ 52		113,483
Net income attributable to preferred stockholders	2,630								2,630
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	6,967								6,967
Preferred stock dividends declared	(2,630)								(2,630)
Common stock dividends declared	(23,060)								(23,060)
Preferred stock, ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022				1,645,000
Common stock, ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022					14,979,759
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022	401,425			$ 16	$ 150		349,709		12,274		(4,195)	(8,567)	0	52,038
Preferred stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021				1,645,000
Common stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021					9,163,934
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 245,283			$ 16	$ 92		222,300		28,367		(4,195)	(8,567)	7,175	95
Preferred stock, ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	1,645,000			1,645,000
Common stock, ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	17,079,943				17,079,943
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 448,513		$ (1,624)	$ 16	$ 171		392,124		4,435	$ (1,624)	(4,195)	(8,567)		64,529
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible Enumeration]	Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 [Member]
Preferred stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022				1,645,000
Common stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022					14,949,631
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 398,951			$ 16	$ 150		348,266		29,339		(4,195)	(8,567)		33,942
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation expense	870						870
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary on consolidation of real estate	18,096													18,096
Issuance of common stock (in shares)						30,128
Issuance of common stock		$ 573						$ 573
Net income attributable to preferred stockholders	874								874
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(9,289)								(9,289)
Preferred stock dividends declared	(874)								(874)
Common stock dividends declared	(7,776)								(7,776)
Preferred stock, ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022				1,645,000
Common stock, ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022					14,979,759
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ 401,425			$ 16	$ 150		349,709		12,274		(4,195)	(8,567)	$ 0	52,038
Preferred stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	1,645,000			1,645,000
Common stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	17,079,943				17,079,943
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 448,513		$ (1,624)	$ 16	$ 171		392,124		4,435	$ (1,624)	(4,195)	(8,567)		64,529
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Vesting of stock-based compensation (in shares)					151,970
Vesting of stock-based compensation	2,597				$ 1		2,596
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary on consolidation of real estate	$ (64,434)													(64,434)
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (in shares)	8,748,735
Net income attributable to preferred stockholders	$ 2,622								2,622
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(3,236)								(3,236)
Preferred stock dividends declared	(2,622)								(2,622)
Common stock dividends declared	$ (36,801)								(36,801)
Preferred stock, ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023				1,645,000
Common stock, ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	17,231,913				17,231,913
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 345,015			$ 16	$ 172		394,720		(37,226)		(4,195)	(8,567)		95
Preferred stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023				1,645,000
Common stock, beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023					17,231,913
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2023	371,643			$ 16	$ 172		393,435		(9,313)		(4,195)	(8,567)		95
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation expense	1,285						1,285
Net income attributable to preferred stockholders	874								874
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(15,550)								(15,550)
Preferred stock dividends declared	(874)								(874)
Common stock dividends declared	$ (12,363)								(12,363)
Preferred stock, ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023				1,645,000
Common stock, ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	17,231,913				17,231,913
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 345,015			$ 16	$ 172		$ 394,720		$ (37,226)		$ (4,195)	$ (8,567)		$ 95

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Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Preferred stock dividends declared (in usd per share)	$ 0.5313	$ 0.5313	$ 1.0626
Common stock dividends declared (in usd per share)	$ 0.6850	$ 0.5000	$ 2.0550

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Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 805	$ 16,180
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of premiums	10,867	17,179
Accretion of discounts	(10,110)	(9,791)
Depreciation and amortization of real estate investment	1,430	2,435
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(4)	36
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses, net	6,236	57
Net change in unrealized (gain) loss on investments held at fair value	22,780	32,202
Realized Losses	0	1,084
Equity in (income) losses of unconsolidated equity method ventures	2,564	0
Realized gain on deconsolidation of real estate owned	(1,490)	0
Stock-based compensation expense	3,394	2,414
Payment in kind income	(4,076)	(528)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	0	(17)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accrued interest and dividends receivable	(3,775)	(7,605)
Accounts receivable and other assets	122	(317)
Accrued interest payable	3,225	4,264
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	(3,540)	1,202
Net cash provided by operating activities	28,428	58,795
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from payments received on bridge loan	0	13,500
Originations of bridge loan	0	(13,434)
Originations of loans, held-for-investment, net	(76,355)	(91,587)
Purchases of equity method investments	(2,564)	0
Proceeds held in escrow for unsettled purchase	0	(3,990)
Adjustment on deconsolidation of real estate	(4,992)	0
Acquisitions of real estate investments	0	(184,552)
Additions to real estate investments	(504)	(106)
Net cash provided by investing activities	639,485	713,195
Cash flows from financing activities
Principal repayments on borrowings under secured financing agreements	(10,985)	(97,724)
Borrowings under master repurchase agreements	44,892	128,988
Principal repayments on borrowings under master repurchase agreements	(77,903)	(64,275)
Proceeds received on borrowings under secured financing agreements	0	89,634
Proceeds received from unsecured notes offering	0	34,174
Repurchase of unsecured notes	0	(4,829)
Borrowings under bridge facility	0	55,000
Bridge facility payments	0	(55,000)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	0	113,535
Principal repayments on mortgages payable	(16)	0
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of stock-based compensation	(797)	(490)
Dividends paid to common stockholders	(35,379)	(22,161)
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders	(2,622)	(2,630)
Payments to Noncontrolling Interests	(9,069)	(10,812)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests	0	56,704
Net cash used in financing activities	(675,341)	(774,041)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(7,428)	(2,051)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	20,347	33,232
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	12,919	31,181
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Interest paid	35,700	23,723
Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
Adjustment to loans, held for investment, net on deconsolidation of real estate	36,022	0
Adjustment to real estate investments, net on deconsolidation of real estate	(185,732)	0
Adjustment to accrued interest and dividends on deconsolidation of real estate	2,049	0
Adjustment to accounts receivable and other assets on deconsolidation of real estate	(799)	0
Adjustment to mortgages payable, net on deconsolidation of real estate	89,012	0
Adjustment to accrued interest payable on deconsolidation of real estate	1,087	0
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary on deconsolidation of real estate	64,434	0
Adjustment to retained earnings on deconsolidation of real estate	1,490	0
Adjustment to redeemable noncontrolling interest in the OP on deconsolidation of real estate	(297)	0
Increase in dividends payable upon vesting of restricted stock units	863	899
Consolidation of mortgage loans and bonds payable held in variable interest entities	0	1,244,826
Conversion of convertible notes to common stock	0	25,000
Due to brokers for repurchase of unsecured notes, not yet settled	0	7,980
Public Offering
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	0	11,518
At-the-market Offering
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	0	(113,535)
Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-investment	546	0
CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-investment	44,788	6,962
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-investment	626,053	964,225
Purchases of debt securities, at fair value	0	(115,276)
Cash flows from financing activities
Distributions to bondholders of variable interest entities	(583,462)	(892,138)
Subsidiaries
Supplemental Disclosure of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
Adjustment to accounts payable and accrued liabilities on deconsolidation of real estate	705	0
Consolidated Entity, Excluding Consolidated VIE
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-investment	58,246	178,306
Consolidated Entity, Excluding Consolidated VIE | Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of debt securities, at fair value	(5,733)	(25,946)
Consolidated Entity, Excluding Consolidated VIE | CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of debt securities, at fair value	0	(4,542)
Consolidated Entity, Excluding Consolidated VIE | MSCR Notes
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of debt securities, at fair value	$ 0	$ (10,365)

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Organization and Description of Business

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization and Description of Business

Organization and Description of Business

NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. (the “Company”, “we”, “our”) is a commercial mortgage real estate investment trust (a "REIT") incorporated in Maryland on June 7, 2019. The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2020 and the Company believes the current organization and method of operation will enable it to maintain its status as a REIT. The Company is focused on originating, structuring and investing in first-lien mortgage loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, convertible notes, multifamily properties and common equity investments, as well as multifamily commercial mortgage-backed securities securitizations (“CMBS securitizations”), multifamily structured credit risk notes (“MSCR Notes”) and mortgage-backed securities, or our target assets. Substantially all of the Company’s business is conducted through NexPoint Real Estate Finance Operating Partnership, L.P. (the “OP”), the Company’s operating partnership. As of September 30, 2023, the Company holds approximately 83.41% of the common limited partnership units in the OP (“OP Units”) which represents 100.00% of the Class A OP Units, and the OP owned all of the common limited partnership units (“SubOP Units”) of its subsidiary partnerships (collectively, the “Subsidiary OPs”) (see Note 13).

The OP also directly owns all of the membership interests of a limited liability company (the “Mezz LLC”) through which it owns a portfolio of mezzanine loans, as further discussed below. NexPoint Real Estate Finance OP GP, LLC (the “OP GP”) is the sole general partner of the OP.

The Company commenced operations on February 11, 2020 upon the closing of its initial public offering of shares of its common stock (the “IPO”). Prior to the closing of the IPO, the Company engaged in a series of transactions through which it acquired an initial portfolio consisting of senior pooled mortgage loans backed by single family rental (“SFR”) properties (the “SFR Loans”), the junior most bonds of multifamily CMBS securitizations (the “CMBS B-Pieces”), mezzanine loan and preferred equity investments in real estate companies and properties in other structured real estate investments within the multifamily, SFR and self-storage asset classes (the “Initial Portfolio”). The Initial Portfolio was acquired from affiliates (the “Contribution Group”) of NexPoint Advisors, L.P. (our “Sponsor”), pursuant to a contribution agreement with the Contribution Group through which the Contribution Group contributed their interest in the Initial Portfolio to special purpose entities (“SPEs”) owned by the Subsidiary OPs, in exchange for SubOP Units (the “Formation Transaction”). Subsequent to the Formation Transaction, the Company has continued to invest in asset types and real estate sectors within the Initial Portfolio and expanded to include additional asset types and real estate sectors.

The Company is externally managed by NexPoint Real Estate Advisors VII, L.P. (the “Manager”) through a management agreement dated February 6, 2020 and amended as of July 17, 2020 and November 3, 2021, that expires on February 6, 2024 and is automatically renewed for successive one-year terms thereafter unless earlier terminated (as amended, the “Management Agreement”), by and between the Company and the Manager. The Manager conducts substantially all of the Company’s operations and provides asset management services for its real estate investments. The Company expects it will only have accounting employees while the Management Agreement is in effect. All of the Company’s investment decisions are made by the Manager, subject to general oversight by the Manager’s investment committee and the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”). The Manager is wholly owned by our Sponsor.

The Company’s primary investment objective is to generate attractive, risk-adjusted returns for stockholders over the long term. The Company intends to achieve this objective primarily by originating, structuring and investing in our target assets. The Company concentrates on investments in real estate sectors where our senior management team has operating expertise, including in the multifamily, SFR, self-storage, life science, hospitality and office sectors predominantly in the top 50 metropolitan statistical areas ("MSAs"). In addition, the Company targets lending or investing in properties that are stabilized or have a “light transitional” business plan, meaning a property that requires limited deferred funding to support leasing or ramp-up of operations and for which most capital expenditures are for value-add improvements. Through active portfolio management the Company seeks to take advantage of market opportunities to achieve a superior portfolio risk-mix that delivers attractive total returns.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesReaders of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Quarterly Report") should refer to the audited financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2022, which are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Annual Report"), filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and also available on our website (nref.nexpoint.com), since we have omitted from this Quarterly Report certain footnote disclosures which would substantially duplicate those contained in such audited financial

statements. You should also refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the notes to consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report for further discussion of our significant accounting policies and estimates. Information contained on, or accessible through, our website is not incorporated by reference into and does not constitute a part of this Quarterly Report or any other report or documents we file or furnish with the SEC.

General

In accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X as issued by the SEC, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for complete financial statements. Readers of this Quarterly Report should refer to the Company's audited Consolidated Financial Statements, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows, and equity for the interim periods have been included. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023, and future fiscal years.

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with GAAP. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual amounts realized or paid could differ from those estimates. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. There have been no significant changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared according to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted according to such rules and regulations, although management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. It is at least reasonably possible that these estimates could change in the near term. Estimates are inherently subjective in nature and actual results could differ from our estimates and the differences could be material.

Principles of Consolidation

The Company accounts for subsidiary partnerships in which it holds an ownership interest in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation. The Company first evaluates whether each entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). Under the VIE model, the Company consolidates an entity when it has power to direct the activities of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Under the voting model, the Company consolidates an entity when it controls the entity through ownership of a majority voting interest. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has determined it must consolidate the OP and the Subsidiary OPs under the VIE model as it was determined the Company both controls the direct activities of the OP and Subsidiary OPs and possesses the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the OP and Subsidiary OPs. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the OP and its subsidiaries. The Company’s sole significant asset is its investment in the OP, and consequently, substantially all of the Company’s assets and liabilities represent those assets and liabilities of the OP.

Variable Interest Entities

The Company evaluates all of its interests in VIEs for consolidation. When the Company’s interests are determined to be variable interests, the Company assesses whether it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, defines the primary beneficiary as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could

be potentially significant. The Company considers its variable interests, as well as any variable interests of its related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary, and it consolidates the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, the Company is not the primary beneficiary, and it does not consolidate the VIE (see Note 6).

CMBS Trusts

The Company consolidates the trusts that issue beneficial ownership interests in mortgage loans secured by commercial real estate (commonly known as CMBS) when the Company holds a variable interest in, and management considers the Company to be the primary beneficiary of, those trusts. Management believes the performance of the assets that underlie CMBS issuances most significantly impact the economic performance of the trust, and the primary beneficiary is generally the entity that conducts activities that most significantly impact the performance of the underlying assets. In particular, the most subordinate tranches of CMBS expose the holder to greater variability of economic performance when compared to more senior tranches since the subordinate tranches absorb a disproportionately higher amount of the credit risk related to the underlying assets. Generally, a trust designates the most junior subordinate tranche outstanding as the controlling class, which entitles the holder of the controlling class to unilaterally appoint, remove and replace the special servicer for the trust. For the CMBS that the Company consolidates, the Company owns 100% of the most subordinate tranche of the securities. The subordinate tranche includes the controlling class and has the ability to remove and replace the special servicer.

On the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023, the Company consolidated each of the Freddie Mac K-Series securitization entities (the “CMBS Entities”) that were determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The CMBS Entities are independent of the Company, and the assets and liabilities of the CMBS Entities are not owned by and are not legal obligations of ours. Our exposure to the CMBS Entities is through the subordinated tranches. For financial reporting purposes, the underlying mortgage loans held by the trusts are recorded as a separate line item on the balance sheet under “Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value.” The liabilities of the trusts consist solely of obligations to the CMBS holders of the consolidated trusts, excluding the CMBS B-Piece investments held by the Company. The liabilities are presented as “Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The CMBS B-Pieces held by the Company, and the interest earned thereon are eliminated in consolidation. Management has elected the measurement alternative in ASC 810 to report the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the consolidated CMBS Entities in order to provide users of the financial statements with better information regarding the effects of credit risk and other market factors on the CMBS B-Pieces owned by the Company. Management has elected to show interest income and interest expense related to the CMBS Entities in aggregate with the change in fair value as “Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities.” The residual difference between the fair value of the CMBS Entities’ assets and liabilities represents the Company’s investments in the CMBS B-Pieces at fair value.

Mortgage and Other Loans Held-For-Investment, net

Loans that are held-for-investment are carried at their aggregate outstanding face amount, net of applicable (i) unamortized origination or acquisition premium and discounts, (ii) unamortized deferred fees and other direct loan origination costs, (iii) valuation allowance for credit losses and (iv) write-downs of impaired loans. The effective interest method is used to amortize origination or acquisition premiums and discounts and deferred fees or other direct loan origination costs. In general, an increase in prepayment rates accelerates the amortization of purchase premiums, thereby reducing the interest income earned on the assets. Conversely, discounts on such assets are accreted into interest income. In general, an increase in prepayment rates accelerates the accretion of purchase discounts, thereby increasing the interest income earned on the assets.

Allowance for Credit Losses

In periods ending on or prior to December 31, 2022, the Company, with the assistance of an independent valuations firm, performed a quarterly evaluation of loans classified as held for investment for impairment on a loan-by-loan basis in accordance with ASC 310-10-35, Receivables, Subsequent Measurement (“ASC 310-10-35”). If the Company determined that it was probable that it would be unable to collect all amounts owed according to the contractual terms of a loan, impairment of that loan was indicated. If a loan was considered to be impaired, the Company would establish an allowance for loan losses, through a valuation provision in earnings that reduced carrying value of the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual effective rate or the fair value of the collateral, if repayment was expected solely from the collateral. For non-impaired loans with no specific allowance the Company determined an allowance for loan losses in accordance with ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies (“ASC 450-20”), which represented

management’s best estimate of incurred losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date, excluding impaired loans and loans carried at fair value. Management considered quantitative factors likely to cause estimated credit losses, including default rate and loss severity rates. The Company also evaluated qualitative factors such as macroeconomic conditions, evaluations of underlying collateral, trends in delinquencies and non-performing assets. Increases to (or reversals of) the allowance for loan loss for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 are included in “Loan loss (provision)” on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which establishes credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. The new approach changes the impairment model for most financial assets and requires the use of a current expected credit loss ("CECL") model for financial instruments measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments. This model applies to trade and other receivables, loans, debt securities, net investments in leases and off-balance sheet credit exposures (such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees not accounted for as insurance) and requires entities to estimate the lifetime expected credit loss on such instruments and record an allowance that represents the portion of the amortized cost basis that the entity does not expect to collect.

We adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2023. The implementation process included the utilization of loan loss forecasting models, updates to our loan credit loss policy documentation, changes to internal reporting processes and related internal controls, and overall operational readiness for our adoption of the new standard. We have implemented loan loss forecasting models for estimating expected life-time credit losses, at the individual loan level, for our loan portfolio. The CECL forecasting methods used by the Company include (i) a probability of default and loss given default method using underlying third-party CMBS/Commercial Real Estate loan database with historical loan losses from 1998 to 2022, and (ii) probability weighted expected cash flow method, depending on the type of loan and the availability of relevant historical market loan loss data. We might use other acceptable alternative approaches in the future depending on, among other factors, the type of loan, underlying collateral, and availability of relevant historical market loan loss data. Significant inputs to our forecasting methods include (i) key loan-specific inputs such as loan-to-value, vintage year, loan-term, underlying property type, occupancy, geographic location, performance against the underwritten business plan, and our internal loan risk rating, and (ii) a macro-economic environment forecast. The reasonable and supportable forecast period is determined based on the Company’s assessment of the most likely scenario of assumptions and plausible outcomes for the U.S. economy, current portfolio composition, level of historical loss forecast estimates, material changes in growth and credit strategy and other factors that may affect its loss experience. The Company regularly evaluates the reasonable and supportable forecast period to determine if a change is needed. The Company has determined that economic forecasts used in our CECL model can be reasonable and supportable over four quarters as it provides enough time to account for the expected changes of the economic conditions and the performance of the underlying assets. Beyond the Company’s reasonable and supportable forecast period, the Company immediately reverts to historical loss information. The Company considers an immediate reversion period appropriate in the CECL model because it provides a suitable balance between the stability of historical data and the flexibility to account for changing market conditions. The allowance for loan and lease losses reserve as of December 31, 2022, was $0.7 million and the CECL reserve as of January 1, 2023, was $2.3 million. As such, the cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 was a $1.6 million reduction in retained earnings. The provision for credit losses of $6.28 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 is included in other income on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, resulting in an ending allowance for credit loss of $8.54 million as of September 30, 2023.

Significant judgment is required in determining impairment and in estimating the resulting loss allowance, and actual losses, if any, could materially differ from those estimates.

The Company performs a quarterly review of the portfolio. In conjunction with this review, the Company assesses the risk factors of each loan, including, without limitation, loan-to-value ratio, debt yield, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, collateral, cash-flow volatility, leasing and tenant profile, loan structure, exit plan and project sponsorship. Based on a 5-point scale, our loans are rated “1” through “5,” from least risk to greatest risk, respectively, which ratings are defined as follows:

1 – Outperform – Materially exceeds performance metrics (for example, technical milestones, occupancy, rents and net operating income) included in original or current credit underwriting and business plan;

2 – Exceeds Expectations – Collateral performance exceeds substantially all performance metrics included in original or current credit underwriting and business plan;

3 – Satisfactory – Collateral performance meets, or is on track to meet, underwriting; business plan is met or can reasonably be achieved;

4 – Underperformance – Collateral performance falls short of underwriting, material differences exist from business plan, or both; technical milestones have been missed; defaults may exist or may soon occur absent material improvement; and

5 – Risk of Impairment/Default – Collateral performance is significantly worse than underwriting; major variance from business plan; loan covenants or technical milestones have been breached; timely exit from loan via sale or refinancing is questionable.

The Company regularly evaluates the extent and impact of any credit deterioration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying collateral, as well as the financial and operating capability of the borrower. Specifically, the collateral’s operating results and any cash reserves are analyzed and used to assess (i) whether cash from operations is sufficient to cover the debt service requirements currently and into the future, (ii) the ability of the borrower to refinance the loan and/or (iii) the collateral’s liquidation value. The Company also evaluates the financial condition of any loan guarantors, as well as any changes in the borrower’s competency in managing and operating the collateral. In addition, the Company considers the overall economic environment, real estate or industry sector and geographic sub-market in which the borrower operates. Such impairment analyses are completed and reviewed by asset management and finance personnel who utilize various data sources, including (i) periodic financial data such as property operating statements, occupancy, tenant profile, rental rates, operating expenses, the borrower’s exit plan and capitalization and discount rates, (ii) site inspections and (iii) current credit spreads and discussions with market participants.

The Company considers loans to be past-due when a monthly payment is due and unpaid for 60 days or more. Loans will be placed on nonaccrual status and considered non-performing when full payment of principal and interest is in doubt, which generally occurs when they become 120 days or more past-due unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Accrual of interest on individual loans is discontinued when management believes that, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, the borrower’s financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful. Our policy is to cease accruing interest when a loan’s delinquency exceeds 120 days. All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual status or subsequently charged-off are reversed against interest income. Income is subsequently recognized on the cash basis until, in management’s judgment, the borrower’s ability to make periodic principal and interest payments returns and future payments are reasonably assured, in which case the loan is returned to accrual status.

For individual loans, a troubled debt restructuring is a formal restructuring of a loan where, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, a concession that would not otherwise be considered is granted to the borrower. The concession may be granted in various forms, including providing a below-market interest rate, a reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, an extension of the maturity date or a combination of these. An individual loan that has had a troubled debt restructuring is considered to be impaired and is subject to the relevant accounting for impaired loans. As of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company had no loan modifications, and, thus no troubled debt restructurings.

A loan is written off when it is no longer realizable and/or it is legally discharged.

The Company will evaluate acquired loans and debt securities for which it is probable at acquisition that all contractually required payments will not be collected in accordance with ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.

The Company also recognizes a liability for expected credit losses for off-balance sheet exposures if the Company has a present contractual obligation to extend the credit and the obligation is not unconditionally cancelable by the entity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Section 107 of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), for complying with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. The Company has elected to take advantage of this extended transition period. As a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company

effective dates for such new or revised standards. The Company may elect to comply with public company effective dates at any time, and such election would be irrevocable pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act.

In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848 ("ASU 2022-06") which was issued to defer the sunset date of Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform to December 31, 2024. ASU 2022-06 is effective immediately for all companies. ASU 2022-06 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

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Loans Held for Investment, Net

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable, Gross, Allowance, and Net [Abstract]

Loans Held for Investment, Net

Loans Held for Investment, Net

The Company’s investments in mortgage loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity and convertible notes are accounted for as loans held for investment. The mortgage loans are presented as “Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net” and the mezzanine loans, preferred equity and convertible notes are presented as “Loans, held-for-investment, net” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following tables summarize our loans held-for-investment as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (dollars in thousands):

Loan Type	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value (1)		Loan Count	Weighted Average
						Fixed Rate (2)		Coupon (3)		Life (years) (4)
September 30, 2023
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment	$	675,844	$	708,003	13	100.00	%	4.79	%	4.64
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment	133,207		135,079		22	78.31	%	9.60	%	5.55
Preferred equity, held-for-investment	187,173		180,072		16	46.22	%	12.18	%	2.58
Promissory note, held-for-investment	5,000		5,000		1	11.00	%	11.00	%	1.00
	$	1,001,224	$	1,028,154	52	86.62	%	6.85	%	4.36

Loan Type	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value (1)		Loan Count	Weighted Average
						Fixed Rate (2)		Coupon (3)		Life (years) (4)
December 31, 2022
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment	$	688,046	$	726,531	15	100.00	%	4.81	%	5.36
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment	163,021		165,182		23	63.99	%	10.42	%	5.39
Preferred equity, held-for-investment	91,382		90,965		10	67.69	%	11.51	%	2.76
	$	942,449	$	982,678	48	90.64	%	6.43	%	5.11

(1)Carrying value includes the outstanding face amount plus unamortized purchase premiums/discounts and any allowance for loan losses.

(2)The weighted-average of loans paying a fixed rate is weighted on current principal balance.

(3)The weighted-average coupon is weighted on outstanding face amount.

(4)The weighted-average life is weighted on outstanding face amount and assumes no prepayments. The maturity date for preferred equity investments represents the maturity date of the senior mortgage, as the preferred equity investments require repayment upon the sale or refinancing of the asset.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the loan and preferred equity portfolio activity was as follows (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Balance at January 1,	$	982,678	$	1,088,881
Recognition of retained preferred equity investment upon deconsolidation of real estate (Note 14)	36,022		—
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 (See Note 2)	(1,624)		—
Conversion of convertible bonds to common stock	—		(25,000)
Originations	76,355		156,934
Proceeds from principal repayments	(58,246)		(196,825)
PIK distribution reinvested in Preferred Units	4,076		528
Amortization of loan premium, net (1)	(4,871)		(11,591)
(Provision for) reversal of credit losses, net	(6,236)		(57)
Balance at September 30,	$	1,028,154	$	1,012,870

(1)Includes net amortization of loan purchase premiums.

As of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, there were $36.0 million and $40.9 million of unamortized premiums on loans, held-for-investment, net, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As discussed in Note 2, the Company evaluates loans classified as held-for-investment on a loan-by-loan basis every quarter. In conjunction with the review of the portfolio, the Company assesses the risk factors of each loan and assign a risk rating based on a variety of factors. Loans are rated “1” through “5,” from least risk to greatest risk, respectively. See Note 2 for a more detailed discussion of the risk factors and ratings. The following tables allocate the principal balance and net book value of the loan portfolio based on our internal risk ratings (dollars in thousands):

Risk Rating	September 30, 2023
	Number of Loans	Carrying Value		% of Loan Portfolio
1	—	$	—	—
2	—	—		—
3	48	999,080		97.17	%
4	3	25,199		2.45	%
5	1	3,875		0.38	%
	52	$	1,028,154	100.00	%

Risk Rating	December 31, 2022
	Number of Loans	Carrying Value		% of Loan Portfolio
1	—	$	—	—
2	—	—		—
3	48	982,678		100.00	%
4	—	—		—
5	—	—		—
	48	$	982,678	100.00	%

As of September 30, 2023, 52 loans held-for-investment in our portfolio were rated “3,” or “Satisfactory”, 3 loans held-for-investment in our portfolio were rated "4," or "Underperformance", and 1 loan held-for-investment in our portfolio

was rated "5," or "Risk of Impairment/Default", based on the factors assessed by the Company and discussed in Note 2. Our loan portfolio had a weighted-average risk rating of 3.04 as of September 30, 2023, and 3.00 as of December 31, 2022.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company identified a preferred equity investment secured by the underlying property in Atlanta, Georgia that was assigned a risk rating of “5” due to certain conditions that negatively impacted the preferred investment’s cash flow. The Company replaced the existing manager and took over the property’s operations. See Note 16 for additional information regarding Alexander at the District. As the loan was considered a collateral-dependent financial asset under GAAP, a specific allowance for credit losses of $5.8 million was recorded as of September 30, 2023 based on the Company’s estimation of the fair value of the underlying collateral property and the loan’s amortized cost basis.

The following tables present the carrying value of the loan portfolio by the Company's internal risk rating and year of origination as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

September 30, 2023
	Carrying Value by Year of Origination (1)
Risk Rating	Number of Loans	Outstanding Face Amount		2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Total Carrying Value
1	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
2	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
3	48	966,711		70,402		70,733		44,133		19,159		774,691		19,962		999,080
4	3	24,763		—		8,438		—		—		16,761		—		25,199
5	1	9,750		—		—		3,875		—		—		—		3,875
	52	$	1,001,224	$	70,402	$	79,171	$	48,008	$	19,159	$	791,452	$	19,962	$	1,028,154

December 31, 2022
	Carrying Value by Year of Origination (1)
Risk Rating	Number of Loans	Outstanding Face Amount		2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Total Carrying Value
1	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
2	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
3	48	999,080		72,606		98,129		17,500		774,381		20,062		—		982,678
4	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
5	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	48	$	999,080	$	72,606	$	98,129	$	17,500	$	774,381	$	20,062	$	—	$	982,678

(1)Represents the date a loan was originated or acquired.

The following tables present the geographies and property types of collateral underlying the Company’s loans held-for-investment as a percentage of the loans’ face amounts.

Geography	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Georgia	32.45	%	34.04	%
Florida	18.45	%	19.34	%
Texas	12.65	%	11.21	%
Nevada	2.75	%	*
Maryland	5.34	%	5.59	%
Minnesota	6.65	%	6.97	%
California	4.39	%	4.66	%
Alabama	3.63	%	3.81	%
North Carolina	2.69	%	2.65	%
Virginia	1.66	%	*
Arkansas	1.35	%	1.42	%
Other (18 and 19 states each at <1%)	7.99	%	10.31	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

*Included in “Other.”

Collateral Property Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Single Family Rental	69.26	%	72.26	%
Multifamily	23.32	%	23.11	%
Life Science	5.71	%	2.85	%
Self-Storage	1.70	%	1.79	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

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CMBS Trusts

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Mortgage Banking [Abstract]

CMBS Trusts

CMBS Trusts

As of September 30, 2023, the Company consolidated all of the CMBS Entities that it determined are VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company elected the fair-value measurement alternative in accordance with ASU 2014-13 for each of the trusts and carries the fair values of the trust’s assets and liabilities at fair value in its Consolidated Balance Sheets, recognizes changes in the trust’s net assets, including changes in fair-value adjustments and net interest earned, in its Consolidated Statements of Operations and records cash interest received from the trusts and cash interest paid to bondholders of the CMBS not beneficially owned by the Company as financing cash flows.

The following table presents the Company’s recognized Trust’s Assets and Liabilities (in thousands):

Trust's Assets	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	$	5,612,472	$	6,720,246
Accrued interest receivable	3,390		4,029
Trust's Liabilities
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	(5,225,922)		(6,249,804)
Accrued interest payable	(2,740)		(3,207)

The following table presents “Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities” (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net interest earned	$	9,804	$	9,455	$	31,334	$	25,623
Unrealized gain (loss)	(2,767)		(12,103)		(6,408)		(20,304)
Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities	$	7,037	$	(2,648)	$	24,926	$	5,319

The following tables present the geographies and property types of collateral underlying the CMBS trusts consolidated by the Company as a percentage of the collateral unpaid principal balance:

Geography	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Texas	15.77	%	17.95	%
Florida	14.07	%	13.82	%
Arizona	4.02	%	6.98	%
California	8.64	%	9.28	%
Georgia	4.33	%	4.68	%
Washington	7.71	%	6.88	%
New Jersey	3.99	%	3.97	%
Nevada	2.48	%	1.99	%
Pennsylvania	1.26	%	1.01	%
Colorado	7.70	%	6.21	%
Connecticut	2.04	%	3.64	%
North Carolina	4.14	%	3.53	%
New York	3.35	%	2.76	%
Ohio	2.48	%	2.00	%
Virginia	2.02	%	1.62	%
Indiana	2.11	%	1.69	%
Illinois	1.64	%	1.37	%
Michigan	1.37	%	1.11	%
Maryland	1.17	%	*
Missouri	1.55	%	1.25	%
Other (21 and 22 states each at <1%)	8.16	%	8.26	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

*Included in “Other.”

Collateral Property Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Multifamily	97.35	%	98.45	%
Manufactured Housing	2.65	%	1.55	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

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Common Stock Investments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Common Stock Investments

Common Stock InvestmentsThe Company owns approximately 25.7% of the total outstanding shares of common stock of NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc. ("NSP") and thus can exercise significant influence over NSP. NSP is a VIE and the Company has

determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of NSP. The investment qualifies to be accounted for using the equity method. However, the Company elected the fair-value option in accordance with ASC 825-10-10 for NSP.

The investment in NSP is a Level 3 asset in the fair value hierarchy and was initially measured using the entry price of the asset. The Company's valuation policy for common stock is to use readily available market prices on the relevant valuation date to the extent they are available. On a quarterly basis, the Company determines the value using widely accepted valuation techniques. A bottoms up approach was used by valuing the wholly-owned self-storage assets in aggregate and development loans individually. In this bottoms-up approach, the discounted cash flow methodology is applied to the self-storage assets owned by NSP. Additionally, the income approach is used to determine the fair value of the development loans owned by NSP whereby contractual cash flows are discounted at observable market discount rates. In addition, as a secondary check for reasonableness, a top down approach was applied whereby observable market terminal capitalization rates and discount rates are applied to the consolidated NSP cash flows. The valuation relies primarily on the bottoms-up approach, but uses the top down approach to corroborate the bottoms-up conclusion with a reasonable precision.

The Company owns approximately 6.36% of the total outstanding shares of common stock of a private ground lease REIT (the "Private REIT") as of September 30, 2023. The Company elected the fair-value option in accordance with ASC 825-10-10 for the Private REIT.

The investment in the Private REIT is a Level 3 asset in the fair value hierarchy and was initially measured using the convertible notes conversion share price of $17.50. On April 14, 2022, the two convertible notes converted into 1,394,213 shares or $25.0 million of common stock in the Private REIT, the parent company of the borrower under the convertible notes. As of September 30, 2023, the Company valued this investment based on the Private REIT's market approach price of $19.33 per share.

The Company owns approximately 98.0% of the total outstanding common equity of each of Resmark Forney Gateway Holdings, LLC ("RFGH") and Resmark The Brook, LLC ("RTB"). The investments in RFGH and RTB are equity method investments. These investments are held in entities that are considered VIEs as the power to direct activities is not proportional to ownership interests. The Company is not the primary beneficiary, but is deemed to have significant influence, and as such accounts for them using the equity method.

The following table presents the common stock investments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (in thousands, except share amounts):

Investment	Investment Date	Property Type	Shares		Fair Value
			September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Common Stock
NexPoint Storage Partners	11/6/2020	Self-storage	41,963	41,963	$	33,759	$	50,380
Private REIT	4/14/2022	Ground lease	1,394,213	1,394,213	26,950		27,884

The following table presents “Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments” (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Change in unrealized gain on NexPoint Storage Partners	$	(17,258)	$	(3,189)	$	(16,621)	$	(2,726)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on Private REIT	794		—		(935)		2,885
Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments	$	(16,464)	$	(3,189)	$	(17,556)	$	159

CMBS Structured Pass-Through Certificates, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed SecuritiesAs of September 30, 2023, the Company held twelve CMBS interest only strips ("CMBS I/O Strips"), three MSCR Notes and seven mortgage backed securities at fair value. The CMBS I/O Strips consist of interest only tranches of Freddie Mac structured pass-through certificates with underlying portfolios of fixed-rate mortgage loans secured primarily by stabilized multifamily properties. The MSCR Notes are unguaranteed securities designed to transfer to investors a portion of the credit risk associated with eligible multifamily mortgages linked to a reference pool. Mortgage backed securities receive principal and interest on floating-rate loans secured by SFR, multifamily and self-storage properties.

The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,638	Multifamily	2.09	%	15.13	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		16,840		Multifamily	3.08	%	18.00	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,078		Multifamily	1.71	%	18.36	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,446		Multifamily	3.50	%	17.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		404		Multifamily	2.39	%	22.06	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	3,610		Multifamily	1.32	%	16.11	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		815		Multifamily	1.28	%	19.34	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,270		Multifamily	1.96	%	18.03	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,225		Multifamily	3.20	%	15.30	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		227		Multifamily	2.70	%	16.21	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,400		Multifamily	2.04	%	17.47	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,518		Multifamily	3.05	%	15.24	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	42,471		2.58	%	17.46	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,020	Multifamily	14.79	%	14.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		5,000		Multifamily	11.79	%	11.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,305		Multifamily	12.14	%	13.34	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,325		13.00	%	13.15	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,898	Single-Family	8.63	%	8.93	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		9,173		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.03	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		529		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.32	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		845		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.15	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		3,937		Multifamily	11.35	%	11.33	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,856		Self Storage	11.09	%	11.11	%	9/15/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	3/10/2023		5,737		Multifamily	13.72	%	13.75	%	2/25/2025
Total			$	37,975		9.14	%	9.27	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,807	Multifamily	2.02	%	14.56	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		18,364		Multifamily	2.98	%	15.98	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,676		Multifamily	1.59	%	15.52	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,693		Multifamily	3.39	%	15.73	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		455		Multifamily	2.31	%	18.91	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	4,188		Multifamily	1.19	%	13.34	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		1,117		Multifamily	1.18	%	16.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,445		Multifamily	1.89	%	15.87	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,333		Multifamily	3.10	%	13.74	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		250		Multifamily	2.61	%	14.44	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,726		Multifamily	1.92	%	15.03	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,822		Multifamily	2.95	%	13.70	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	46,876		2.46	%	15.32	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,019	Multifamily	13.02	%	13.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		4,988		Multifamily	10.02	%	10.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,306		Multifamily	10.37	%	11.40	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,313		11.23	%	11.36	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,638	Single-Family	7.08	%	7.39	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		8,966		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.08	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		526		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.33	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		819		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.23	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		4,473		Multifamily	9.29	%	9.27	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,906		Self Storage	9.57	%	9.59	%	9/15/2027
Total			$	32,328		7.28	%	7.45	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

The following table presents activity related to the Company’s CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net interest earned	$	775	$	2,237	$	2,270	$	4,811
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on CMBS structured pass-through certificates	710		(3,904)		926		(11,555)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on MSCR notes	(15)		44		13		(147)
Change in unrealized (loss) on mortgage backed securities	27		(317)		247		(356)
Total	$	1,497	$	(1,940)	$	3,456	$	(7,247)

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Variable Interest Entities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest EntitiesConsolidated VIEs

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reassesses whether it remains the primary beneficiary for VIEs consolidated under the VIE model.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company has accounted for the following investments as unconsolidated VIEs:

Entities	Instrument	Asset Type	Percentage Ownership as of September 30, 2023		Relationship as of September 30, 2023
Unconsolidated Entities:
NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc.	Common Stock	Self-storage	25.7	%	VIE
Resmark Forney Gateway Holdings, LLC	Common Equity	Multifamily	98.0	%	VIE
Resmark The Brook, LLC	Common Equity	Multifamily	98.0	%	VIE
Alexander at the District	Common Equity	Multifamily	25.7	%	VIE

The Company's maximum exposure to loss of value for the NSP investment, inclusive of a related guaranty, is the fair value of the Company's $33.8 million NSP common stock investment and the guaranteed obligations with respect to NSP under the Sponsor Guaranty Agreement as defined below and described in Note 14 of $83.8 million. The Company's maximum exposure to loss of value for the RFGH and RTB common equity investments is the $1.0 million carrying value for each investment and may include an additional $2.8 million in unfunded commitments for each investment to the extent those commitments are funded. The Company's maximum exposure to loss of value for the Alexander at the District common equity investment is the $0.6 million carrying value of the investment.

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CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities

Common Stock InvestmentsThe Company owns approximately 25.7% of the total outstanding shares of common stock of NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc. ("NSP") and thus can exercise significant influence over NSP. NSP is a VIE and the Company has

determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of NSP. The investment qualifies to be accounted for using the equity method. However, the Company elected the fair-value option in accordance with ASC 825-10-10 for NSP.

The investment in NSP is a Level 3 asset in the fair value hierarchy and was initially measured using the entry price of the asset. The Company's valuation policy for common stock is to use readily available market prices on the relevant valuation date to the extent they are available. On a quarterly basis, the Company determines the value using widely accepted valuation techniques. A bottoms up approach was used by valuing the wholly-owned self-storage assets in aggregate and development loans individually. In this bottoms-up approach, the discounted cash flow methodology is applied to the self-storage assets owned by NSP. Additionally, the income approach is used to determine the fair value of the development loans owned by NSP whereby contractual cash flows are discounted at observable market discount rates. In addition, as a secondary check for reasonableness, a top down approach was applied whereby observable market terminal capitalization rates and discount rates are applied to the consolidated NSP cash flows. The valuation relies primarily on the bottoms-up approach, but uses the top down approach to corroborate the bottoms-up conclusion with a reasonable precision.

The Company owns approximately 6.36% of the total outstanding shares of common stock of a private ground lease REIT (the "Private REIT") as of September 30, 2023. The Company elected the fair-value option in accordance with ASC 825-10-10 for the Private REIT.

The investment in the Private REIT is a Level 3 asset in the fair value hierarchy and was initially measured using the convertible notes conversion share price of $17.50. On April 14, 2022, the two convertible notes converted into 1,394,213 shares or $25.0 million of common stock in the Private REIT, the parent company of the borrower under the convertible notes. As of September 30, 2023, the Company valued this investment based on the Private REIT's market approach price of $19.33 per share.

The Company owns approximately 98.0% of the total outstanding common equity of each of Resmark Forney Gateway Holdings, LLC ("RFGH") and Resmark The Brook, LLC ("RTB"). The investments in RFGH and RTB are equity method investments. These investments are held in entities that are considered VIEs as the power to direct activities is not proportional to ownership interests. The Company is not the primary beneficiary, but is deemed to have significant influence, and as such accounts for them using the equity method.

The following table presents the common stock investments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (in thousands, except share amounts):

Investment	Investment Date	Property Type	Shares		Fair Value
			September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Common Stock
NexPoint Storage Partners	11/6/2020	Self-storage	41,963	41,963	$	33,759	$	50,380
Private REIT	4/14/2022	Ground lease	1,394,213	1,394,213	26,950		27,884

The following table presents “Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments” (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Change in unrealized gain on NexPoint Storage Partners	$	(17,258)	$	(3,189)	$	(16,621)	$	(2,726)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on Private REIT	794		—		(935)		2,885
Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments	$	(16,464)	$	(3,189)	$	(17,556)	$	159

CMBS Structured Pass-Through Certificates, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed SecuritiesAs of September 30, 2023, the Company held twelve CMBS interest only strips ("CMBS I/O Strips"), three MSCR Notes and seven mortgage backed securities at fair value. The CMBS I/O Strips consist of interest only tranches of Freddie Mac structured pass-through certificates with underlying portfolios of fixed-rate mortgage loans secured primarily by stabilized multifamily properties. The MSCR Notes are unguaranteed securities designed to transfer to investors a portion of the credit risk associated with eligible multifamily mortgages linked to a reference pool. Mortgage backed securities receive principal and interest on floating-rate loans secured by SFR, multifamily and self-storage properties.

The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,638	Multifamily	2.09	%	15.13	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		16,840		Multifamily	3.08	%	18.00	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,078		Multifamily	1.71	%	18.36	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,446		Multifamily	3.50	%	17.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		404		Multifamily	2.39	%	22.06	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	3,610		Multifamily	1.32	%	16.11	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		815		Multifamily	1.28	%	19.34	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,270		Multifamily	1.96	%	18.03	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,225		Multifamily	3.20	%	15.30	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		227		Multifamily	2.70	%	16.21	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,400		Multifamily	2.04	%	17.47	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,518		Multifamily	3.05	%	15.24	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	42,471		2.58	%	17.46	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,020	Multifamily	14.79	%	14.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		5,000		Multifamily	11.79	%	11.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,305		Multifamily	12.14	%	13.34	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,325		13.00	%	13.15	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,898	Single-Family	8.63	%	8.93	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		9,173		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.03	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		529		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.32	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		845		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.15	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		3,937		Multifamily	11.35	%	11.33	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,856		Self Storage	11.09	%	11.11	%	9/15/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	3/10/2023		5,737		Multifamily	13.72	%	13.75	%	2/25/2025
Total			$	37,975		9.14	%	9.27	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,807	Multifamily	2.02	%	14.56	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		18,364		Multifamily	2.98	%	15.98	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,676		Multifamily	1.59	%	15.52	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,693		Multifamily	3.39	%	15.73	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		455		Multifamily	2.31	%	18.91	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	4,188		Multifamily	1.19	%	13.34	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		1,117		Multifamily	1.18	%	16.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,445		Multifamily	1.89	%	15.87	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,333		Multifamily	3.10	%	13.74	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		250		Multifamily	2.61	%	14.44	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,726		Multifamily	1.92	%	15.03	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,822		Multifamily	2.95	%	13.70	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	46,876		2.46	%	15.32	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,019	Multifamily	13.02	%	13.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		4,988		Multifamily	10.02	%	10.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,306		Multifamily	10.37	%	11.40	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,313		11.23	%	11.36	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,638	Single-Family	7.08	%	7.39	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		8,966		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.08	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		526		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.33	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		819		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.23	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		4,473		Multifamily	9.29	%	9.27	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,906		Self Storage	9.57	%	9.59	%	9/15/2027
Total			$	32,328		7.28	%	7.45	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

The following table presents activity related to the Company’s CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net interest earned	$	775	$	2,237	$	2,270	$	4,811
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on CMBS structured pass-through certificates	710		(3,904)		926		(11,555)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on MSCR notes	(15)		44		13		(147)
Change in unrealized (loss) on mortgage backed securities	27		(317)		247		(356)
Total	$	1,497	$	(1,940)	$	3,456	$	(7,247)

XML

Real Estate Investments, net

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Real Estate Investments, Net [Abstract]

Real Estate Investment, net

Real Estate Investments, net

On December 31, 2021, the Company acquired a 204-unit multifamily property in Charlotte, North Carolina (Hudson Montford). The property was 95.1% and 96.1% occupied, with effective rent per occupied unit of $1,689 per month and $1,663, per month as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively. On February 1, 2022, the Company acquired a 368-unit multifamily property in Las Vegas, Nevada (Elysian at Hughes Center). As of December 31, 2022, the property was 94.0% occupied with effective rent per occupied unit of $1,927 per month as of December 31, 2022. The Company no longer maintains a common equity interest in this property and through a restructuring effective January 1, 2023, the investment is deconsolidated and presented solely as a preferred equity investment in 2023.

As of September 30, 2023, the major components of the Company's investment in multifamily property was as follows (in thousands):

Real Estate Investment, Net	Land		Buildings and Improvements		Intangible Lease Assets		Construction in Progress		Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment		Totals
Hudson Montford	$	10,996	$	49,856	$	—	$	401	$	680	$	61,933
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	—		(3,025)		—		—		(345)		(3,370)
Total Real Estate Investment, Net	$	10,996	$	46,831	$	—	$	401	$	335	$	58,563

As of December 31, 2022, the major components of the Company's investments in multifamily properties were as follows (in thousands):

Real Estate Investments, Net	Land		Buildings and Improvements		Intangible Lease Assets		Construction in Progress		Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment		Totals
Hudson Montford	$	10,996	$	49,831	$	—	$	2	$	602	$	61,431
Elysian at Hughes	25,590		160,141		—		—		—		185,731
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	—		(1,752)		—		—		(188)		(1,940)
Total Real Estate Investments, Net	$	36,586	$	208,220	$	—	$	2	$	414	$	245,222

The following table reflects the revenue and expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, for our multifamily property (in thousands).

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenues
Rental income	$	1,032	$	3,061	$	3,057	$	8,136
Other income	51		394		90		972
Total revenues	1,083		3,455		3,147		9,108
Expenses
Interest expense	664		1,016		1,876		2,886
Real estate taxes and insurance	164		363		512		1,135
Property operating expenses	201		793		590		1,793
Property general and administrative expenses	39		56		111		247
Property management fees	31		79		90		220
Depreciation and amortization	476		545		1,430		2,435
Rate cap (income) expense	345		(420)		(181)		(923)
Debt service bridge	—		10		—		626
Casualty loss	19		—		(156)		—
Total expenses	1,939		2,442		4,272		8,419
Net income (loss) from consolidated real estate owned	$	(856)	$	1,013	$	(1,125)	$	689

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Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Debt

The following table summarizes the Company’s financing arrangements in place as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2023
	Facility										Collateral
	Date issued	Outstanding face amount		Carrying value		Final stated maturity		Weighted average interest rate (1)		Weighted average life (years) (2)	Outstanding face amount		Amortized cost basis		Carrying value (3)		Weighted average life (years) (2)
Master Repurchase Agreements
CMBS
Mizuho(4)	4/15/2020	$	298,009	$	298,009	N/A	(5)	7.23	%	0.1	$	853,574	$	434,890	$	425,949	6.6
Asset Specific Financing
Single Family Rental loans
Freddie Mac	7/12/2019	617,648		617,648		7/12/2029		2.34	%	4.6	675,844		708,003		708,003		4.6
Mezzanine loans
Freddie Mac	10/20/2020	59,252		59,252		8/1/2031		0.30	%	6.5	96,817		98,898		98,898		6.5
Multifamily properties
CBRE	12/31/2021	32,425		32,205		6/1/2028	(6)	7.78	%	4.7	N/A		58,563		58,563		4.7
Unsecured Financing
Various	10/15/2020	36,500		35,768		10/25/2025		7.50	%	2.1	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	4/20/2021	165,000		163,357		4/15/2026		5.75	%	2.5	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	10/18/2022	6,500		6,500		10/18/2027		7.50	%	4.1	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Total/weighted average		$	1,215,334	$	1,212,739			4.23	%	3.2	$	1,626,235	$	1,300,354	$	1,291,413	5.7

(1)Weighted-average interest rate using unpaid principal balances.

(2)Weighted-average life is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

(3)CMBS are shown at fair value on an unconsolidated basis. SFR Loans and mezzanine loans are shown at amortized cost.

(4)On April 15, 2020, three of our subsidiaries entered into a master repurchase agreement with Mizuho Securities ("Mizuho"). Borrowings under these repurchase agreements are collateralized by portions of the CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities.

(5)The master repurchase agreement with Mizuho does not have a stated maturity date. The transactions in place have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

(6)Debt was assumed upon acquisition of this property and recorded at the outstanding principal amount, net of debt issuance costs. The loan can be prepaid at a 1.0% prepayment premium on any unpaid principal. The loan is open to pre-payment in the last three months of the term.

The following table summarizes the Company’s financing arrangements in place as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2022
	Facility										Collateral
	Date issued	Outstanding face amount		Carrying value		Final stated maturity		Weighted average interest rate (1)		Weighted average life (years) (2)	Outstanding face amount		Amortized cost basis		Carrying value (3)		Weighted average life (years) (2)
Master Repurchase Agreements
CMBS
Mizuho(4)	4/15/2020	$	331,020	$	331,020	N/A	(5)	5.83	%	0.2	$	974,440	$	543,919	$	539,736	7.0
Asset Specific Financing
Single Family Rental loans
Freddie Mac	7/12/2019	628,633		628,633		7/12/2029		2.35	%	5.4	688,046		726,531		726,531		5.4
Mezzanine loans
Freddie Mac	10/20/2020	59,252		59,252		8/1/2031		0.30	%	7.3	105,817		108,390		108,390		7.3
Multifamily properties
CBRE	12/31/2021	32,480		32,176		6/1/2028	(6)	5.80	%	5.4	N/A		59,491		59,491		5.4
CBRE	2/1/2022	89,634		89,060		2/1/2032		3.52	%	9.1	N/A		185,731		185,731		9.1
Unsecured Financing
Various	10/15/2020	36,500		35,530		10/25/2025		7.50	%	2.8	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	4/20/2021	165,000		162,930		4/15/2026		5.75	%	3.3	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	10/18/2022	6,500		6,500		10/18/2027		7.50	%	4.8	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Total/weighted average		$	1,349,019	$	1,345,101			3.85	%	4.1	$	1,768,303	$	1,624,062	$	1,619,879	6.4

(1)Weighted-average interest rate using unpaid principal balances.

(2)Weighted-average life is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

(3)CMBS are shown at fair value on an unconsolidated basis. SFR Loans and mezzanine loans are shown at amortized cost.

(4)On April 15, 2020, three of our subsidiaries entered into a master repurchase agreement with Mizuho. Borrowings under these repurchase agreements are collateralized by portions of the CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities.

(5)The master repurchase agreement with Mizuho does not have a stated maturity date. The transactions in place have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

(6)Debt was assumed upon acquisition of this property and recorded at the outstanding principal amount, net of debt issuance costs. The loan can be prepaid at a 1.0% prepayment premium on any unpaid principal. The loan is open to pre-payment in the last three months of the term.

We, through the Subsidiary OPs, have borrowed approximately $298.0 million under our repurchase agreements and posted $1.2 billion par value of our CMBS B-Piece, CMBS I/O Strip, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed security investments as collateral as of September 30, 2023. The CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities held as collateral are illiquid and irreplaceable in nature. These assets are restricted solely to satisfy the interest and principal balances owed to the lender, as described in our Annual Report.

As of September 30, 2023, the outstanding principal balances related to the SFR Loans and levered Mezzanine Loans consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date	Outstanding Principal Balance (1)		Location	Property Type	Interest Type	Interest Rate		Maturity Date
SFR Loans
Senior loan	2/11/2020	$	465,690	Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.24	%	9/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	46,094		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.14	%	10/1/2025
Senior loan	2/11/2020	34,112		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.70	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	9,170		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.79	%	9/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	9,284		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.45	%	3/1/2026
Senior loan	2/11/2020	8,558		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.51	%	2/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	8,805		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	7,913		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.14	%	1/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	6,524		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.98	%	2/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,874		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.99	%	3/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,435		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.40	%	2/1/2024
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,240		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.14	%	12/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	4,949		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.64	%	10/1/2028
Total		$	617,648				2.34	%
Mezzanine Loans
Senior loan	10/20/2020	$	8,723	Wilmington, DE	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	6/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	7,344		White Marsh, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	4/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	6,353		Philadelphia, PA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	5,881		Daytona Beach, FL	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	4,523		Laurel, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	4,179		Temple Hills, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	1/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	3,390		Temple Hills, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	5/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	3,348		Lakewood, NJ	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	5/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,454		North Aurora, IL	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,264		Rosedale, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,215		Cockeysville, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,026		Laurel, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,836		Vancouver, WA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	8/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,763		Tyler, TX	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,307		Las Vegas, NV	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	918		Atlanta, GA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	8/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	728		Des Moines, IA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	3/1/2029
Total		$	59,252				0.30	%

Outstanding principal balance represents the total repurchase agreement balance outstanding as of September 30, 2023.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the activity related to the carrying value of the master repurchase agreements, secured financing agreements and unsecured financing were as follows (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Balances as of January 1,	$	1,345,101	$	1,273,051
Adjustment to mortgages payable, net on deconsolidation of real estate	(89,012)		—
Principal borrowings	44,892		252,796
Principal repayments	(88,888)		(161,999)
Repurchase of unsecured notes	—		(2,879)
Repurchase of unsecured notes, not yet settled	—		(1,950)
Accretion of discounts	666		572
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(20)		36
Balances as of September 30,	$	1,212,739	$	1,359,627

Schedule of Debt Maturities

The aggregate scheduled maturities, including amortizing principal payments, of total debt for the next five calendar years subsequent to September 30, 2023 are as follows (in thousands):

Year	Recourse		Non-recourse		Total
2023(1)	$	—	$	298,009	$	298,009
2024	—		5,435		5,435
2025	36,500		46,094		82,594
2026	197,426		9,284		206,710
2027	6,500		—		6,500
Thereafter	—		616,086		616,086
	$	240,426	$	974,908	$	1,215,334

(1)The transactions in place in the master repurchase agreement with Mizuho have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair-value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering market-participant assumptions in fair-value measurements, ASC 820 establishes a fair-value hierarchy that distinguishes between market-participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market-participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy):

•Level 1 inputs are adjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

•Level 2 inputs are other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates and yield curves, that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

•Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability and include situations where there is little, if any, related market activity for the asset or liability.

The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair-value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to market risks, including the effect of changes in interest rates. We may enter into derivative financial instruments to offset this underlying market risk. There have been no significant changes in our policy and strategy from what was disclosed in the financial statements included in our Annual Report.

Financial Instruments Carried at Fair Value

See Note 2 and Notes 4 through 7 for additional information.

Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest and dividends, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities and accrued interest payable approximated their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The estimated fair values of other financial instruments were determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair values. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company would realize on the disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

In calculating the fair value of its long-term indebtedness, the Company used interest rate and spread assumptions that reflect current creditworthiness and market conditions available for the issuance of long-term debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. These financial instruments utilize Level 2 inputs.

Amounts borrowed under master repurchase agreements are based on their contractual amounts that reasonably approximate their fair value given the short to moderate term and floating rate nature.

The carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as other financial instruments not carried at fair value as of September 30, 2023 (in thousands):

			Fair Value
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	10,977	$	10,977	$	—	$	—	$	10,977
Restricted cash	1,942		1,942		—		—		1,942
Loans, held-for-investment, net	320,151		—		—		329,344		329,344
Common stock investments, at fair value	60,709		—		—		60,709		60,709
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net	708,003		—		—		689,312		689,312
Accrued interest	21,489		21,489		—		—		21,489
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,612,472		—		5,612,472		—		5,612,472
CMBS structured pass-through certificates, at fair value	42,471		—		42,471		—		42,471
MSCR notes, at fair value	10,325		—		10,325		—		10,325
Mortgage backed securities, at fair value	37,975		—		37,975		—		37,975
Accounts receivable and other assets	1,276		1,276		—		—		1,276
	$	6,827,790	$	35,684	$	5,703,243	$	1,079,365	$	6,818,292
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	$	676,900	$	—	$	—	$	691,428	$	691,428
Master repurchase agreements	298,009		—		—		298,009		298,009
Unsecured notes, net	205,625		—		178,116		—		178,116
Mortgages payable, net	32,205		—		—		25,471		25,471
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	3,405		3,405		—		—		3,405
Accrued interest payable	10,124		10,124		—		—		10,124
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,225,922		—		5,225,922		—		5,225,922
	$	6,452,190	$	13,529	$	5,404,038	$	1,014,908	$	6,432,475

The carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as other financial instruments not carried at fair value as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

			Fair Value
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	20,048	$	20,048	$	—	$	—	$	20,048
Restricted cash	299		299		—		—		299
Loans, held-for-investment, net	256,147		—		—		255,254		255,254
Common stock investment, at fair value	78,264		—		—		78,264		78,264
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net	726,531		—		—		727,533		727,533
Accrued interest	15,665		15,665		—		—		15,665
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	6,720,246		—		6,720,246		—		6,720,246
CMBS structured pass-through certificates, at fair value	46,876		—		46,876		—		46,876
MSCR notes, at fair value	10,313		—		10,313		—		10,313
Mortgage backed securities, at fair value	32,328		—		32,328		—		32,328
Accounts receivable and other assets	2,197		2,197		—		—		2,197
	$	7,908,914	$	38,209	$	6,809,763	$	1,061,051	$	7,909,023
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	$	687,885	$	—	$	—	$	713,253	$	713,253
Master repurchase agreements	331,020		—		—		331,020		331,020
Unsecured notes, net	204,960		—		175,560		—		175,560
Mortgages payable, net	121,236		—		—		121,236		121,236
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	6,231		6,236		—		—		6,236
Accrued interest payable	7,986		7,986		—		—		7,986
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	6,249,804		—		6,249,804		—		6,249,804
	$	7,609,122	$	14,222	$	6,425,364	$	1,165,509	$	7,605,095

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s investment in NSP are the discount rate and terminal capitalization rate. Significant increases (decreases) in any of those inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. The Company's investment in the Private REIT was transferred out of level 2 to level 3 due to a lack of observable market data for the three months ended December 31, 2022. The following is a summary of significant unobservable inputs used in the fair valuation of the Company's Level 3 assets carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Carrying Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Range	Weighted Average (1)
NexPoint Storage Partners	$	33,759	Discounted cash flow	Terminal cap rate	5.13% - 5.63%	5.38	%
				Discount rate	7.75% - 9.75%	8.75	%
Private REIT	$	26,950	Market approach	NAV per share multiple	1.00 - 1.21x	1.11x

(1)Averages are weighted based on the fair value of the related instrument

The table below reflects a summary of changes for the Company's Level 3 common stock assets carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

	Balance as of 12/31/22		Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses)		Balance as of 9/30/23
NexPoint Storage Partners	$	50,380	$	(16,621)	$	33,759
Private REIT	$	27,884	$	(934)	$	26,950

Other Financial Instruments Carried at Fair Value

Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP have a redemption feature and are marked to their redemption value if such value exceeds the carrying value of the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (see Note 13). The redemption value is based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the redemption date, and therefore, is calculated based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the balance sheet date. Since the valuation is based on observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP are classified as Level 2 if they are adjusted to their redemption value. At September 30, 2023, the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP are valued at their carrying value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 13).

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Stockholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company issued 151,970 shares of common stock pursuant to the NexPoint Real Estate Finance 2020 Long Term Incentive Plan (the "2020 LTIP").

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had 17,518,900 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, issued and 17,231,913 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

Preferred Stock

On July 24, 2020, the Company issued 2,000,000 shares of its 8.50% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) at a price to the public of $24.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $48.0 million before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $1.2 million and other offering expenses of approximately $0.8 million. The Series A Preferred Stock has a $25.00 per share liquidation preference.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company has 1,645,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding.

Share Repurchase Program

On March 9, 2020, the Board authorized a share repurchase program (the “Prior Share Repurchase Program”) through which the Company could repurchase an indeterminate number of shares of our common stock at an aggregate market value of up to $10.0 million in shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, during a two-year period that expired on March 9, 2022. On September 28, 2020, the Board authorized the expansion of the Prior Share Repurchase Program to include the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock with the same period and repurchase limit. The Company was able to utilize various methods to affect the repurchases, and the timing and extent of the repurchases will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, regulatory requirements and other corporate considerations, including whether the Company’s common stock is trading at a significant discount to net asset value ("NAV") per share. From inception through expiration, the Company repurchased 327,422 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a total cost of approximately $4.8 million, or $14.61 per share. These repurchased shares of common stock are classified as treasury stock and reduce the number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding and, accordingly, are considered in the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period. On March 3, 2021, the Company cancelled 40,435 shares of common stock, reducing the total classified as treasury stock to 286,987.

On February 22, 2023, the Board authorized a share repurchase program (the “Share Repurchase Program”) through which the Company may repurchase an indeterminate number of shares of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock at an aggregate market value of up to $20.0 million in shares of its common stock during a two-year period set to expire on February 22, 2025. The Company may utilize various methods to affect the repurchases, and the timing and extent of the repurchases will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, regulatory requirements and other

corporate considerations, including whether the Company’s common stock is trading at a significant discount to NAV per share. Repurchases under this program may be discontinued at any time. The Company has not made any purchases under the Share Repurchase Program as of the date of this report.

The following table includes the number of restricted stock units granted, vested, forfeited and outstanding as of September 30, 2023:

	2023
	Number of Units		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding January 1, 2023	577,360		$	17.88
Granted	440,055		15.14
Vested	(201,678)	(1)	17.27
Forfeited	—		—
Outstanding September 30, 2023	815,737		$	16.71

(1)Certain key employees of the Manager elected to net the taxes owed upon vesting against the shares issued resulting in 151,970 shares being issued as shown on the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity.

The following table includes the number of restricted stock units granted, vested, forfeited and outstanding as of September 30, 2023:

	Shares Vesting
	February	April	May	Total
2024	120,640	126,042	68,564	315,246
2025	120,646	104,672	—	225,318
2026	65,832	104,670	—	170,502
2027	—	104,671	—	104,671
Total	307,118	440,055	68,564	815,737

At-The-Market-Offering

On March 15, 2022, the Company, the OP and the Manager entered into separate equity distribution agreements (the “2022 Equity Distribution Agreements”) with each of Raymond James, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated and Virtu Americas LLC (collectively, the “2022 Sales Agents”), pursuant to which the Company could issue and sell from time to time shares of the Company's common stock and Series A Preferred Stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $100.0 million (the “2022 ATM Program”). The 2022 Equity Distribution Agreements provided for the issuance and sale of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock by the Company through a sales agent acting as a sales agent or directly to the sales agent acting as principal for its own account at a price agreed upon at the time of sale.

Sales of shares of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock under the 2022 ATM Program, if any, may be made in transactions that are deemed to be “at the market” offerings, as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act") including, without limitation, sales made by means of ordinary brokers' transactions on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE"), to or through a market maker at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices based on prevailing market prices.

The following table contains summary information of the 2022 ATM Program since its inception through September 30, 2023:

Gross Proceeds	$	12,575,493
Shares of Common Stock Issued	531,728
Gross Average Sale Price per Share of Common Stock	$	23.65
Sales Commissions	$	188,655
Offering Costs	888,249
Net Proceeds	$	11,498,589
Average Price Per Share, net	$	21.62

Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary

On April 1, 2021, a subsidiary of one of the Subsidiary OPs (such subsidiary, the “REIT Sub”) closed its issuance of 125 preferred membership units of the REIT Sub (the “Preferred Membership Units”) at a price of $1,000 per unit, for gross proceeds of approximately $0.1 million, net of offering costs and initial administrative expenses. Holders of Preferred Membership Units are entitled to receive distributions semiannually from the REIT Sub at a per annum rate equal to 12.0% of the total of the purchase price of $1,000 per unit plus accumulated and unpaid distributions. The Preferred Membership Units are generally redeemable by the REIT Sub at any time for $1,000 per unit plus accumulated and unpaid distributions and an additional redemption premium if the Preferred Membership Units are redeemed on or before December 31, 2023. The issuance of the 125 Preferred Membership Units is presented as “Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity.

OP Unit Redemptions

At the 2021 annual meeting of the Company, the Company's stockholders approved the potential issuance of 13,758,906 shares of the Company's common stock to related parties in connection with the redemption of their OP Units or SubOP Units that may be redeemed for OP Units. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had redeemed and issued 8,748,735 shares of the Company's common stock to redeeming unitholders.

Dividends

The Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share on December 15, 2022, which was paid on January 25, 2023, to preferred stockholders of record as of January 13, 2023.

The Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share on February 22, 2023, which was paid on April 25, 2023, to preferred stockholders of record as of April 13, 2023.

The Board declared the first regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on February 22, 2023, which was paid on March 31, 2023, to common stockholders of record on March 15, 2023.

The Board declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on February 22, 2023, which was paid on March 31, 2023, to common stockholders of record on March 15, 2023.

The Board declared the second regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on April 24, 2023, which was paid on June 30, 2023, to common stockholders of record on June 15, 2023.

The Board declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on April 24, 2023, which was paid on June 30, 2023, to common stockholders of record on June 15, 2023.

The Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share on June 13, 2023, which was paid on July 25, 2023, to preferred stockholders of record as of July 13, 2023.

The Board declared the third regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on July 25, 2023, which was paid on September 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record on September 15, 2023.

The Board declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on July 25, 2023, which was paid on September 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record on September 15, 2023.

The Board declared a dividend to preferred stockholders of $0.53125 per share on September 19, 2023, which was paid on October 25, 2023, to preferred stockholders of record as of October 13, 2023.

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Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding and excludes any unvested restricted stock units issued pursuant to the 2020 LTIP.

Diluted earnings per share is computed by adjusting basic earnings per share for the dilutive effect of the assumed vesting of restricted stock units. Additionally, the Company includes the dilutive effect of the potential redemption of OP Units for common shares in accordance with the amended partnership agreement of the OP (the "OP LPA"). During periods of net loss, the assumed vesting of restricted stock units is anti-dilutive and is not included in the calculation of earnings (loss) per share.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(15,550)	$	(9,289)	$	(3,236)	$	6,967
Earnings for basic computations
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(2,374)		(1,889)		1,419		5,080
Net income for diluted computations	$	(17,924)	$	(11,178)	$	(1,817)	$	12,047
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
Average number of common shares outstanding - basic	17,232		14,962		17,188		14,526
Average number of unvested restricted stock units	816		578		723		569
Average number of OP Units and SubOP Units	5,038		7,138		5,038		7,307
Average number of common shares outstanding - diluted	23,086		22,678		22,949		22,402
Earnings per weighted average common share:
Basic	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	$	(0.19)	$	0.48
Diluted	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	$	(0.19)	$	0.48

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Noncontrolling Interests

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in the OP

The following table sets forth the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (reflecting the OP’s consolidation of the Subsidiary OPs) for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022 (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP, January 1,	$	96,501	$	261,423
Adjustment to redeemable noncontrolling interest in the OP on deconsolidation of real estate	297		—
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	1,419		5,080
Redemption of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	—		(113,535)
Distributions to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	(9,069)		(10,708)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP, September 30,	$	89,148	$	142,260

The table below presents the common shares and OP Units outstanding held by the noncontrolling interests (“NCI”), as the OP Units and SubOP Units held by the Company are eliminated in consolidation:

Period End	Common Shares Outstanding	OP Units Held by NCI	Combined Outstanding
September 30, 2023	17,231,913	5,038,382	22,270,295

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Related Party Transactions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions

Management Fee

In accordance with the Management Agreement, the Company pays the Manager an annual management fee equal to 1.5% of Equity (as defined below), paid monthly, in cash or shares of Company common stock at the election of our Manager (the “Annual Fee”). The duties performed by the Company’s Manager under the terms of the Management Agreement include, but are not limited to: providing daily management for the Company, selecting and working with third-party service providers, formulating an investment strategy for the Company and selecting suitable investments, managing the Company’s outstanding debt and its interest rate exposure and determining when to sell assets.

“Equity” means (a) the sum of (1) total stockholders’ equity immediately prior to the closing of the IPO, plus (2) the net proceeds received by the Company from all issuances of the Company’s equity securities in and after the IPO, plus (3) the Company’s cumulative Earnings Available for Distribution (“EAD”) (as defined below) from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter, (b) less (1) any distributions to the holders of the Company’s common stock from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter and (2) all amounts that the Company or any of its subsidiaries has paid to repurchase for cash the shares of the Company’s equity securities from and after the IPO to the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter. In the Company’s calculation of Equity, the Company will adjust its calculation of EAD to remove the compensation expense relating to awards granted under one or more of its long-term incentive plans that is added back in the calculation of EAD. Additionally, for the avoidance of doubt, Equity does not include the assets contributed to the Company in the Formation Transaction.

“EAD” means the net income (loss) attributable to the common stockholders of the Company, computed in accordance with GAAP, including realized gains and losses not otherwise included in net income (loss), excluding any unrealized gains or losses or other similar non-cash items that are included in net income (loss) for the applicable reporting period, regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income (loss), or in net income (loss) and adding back amortization of stock-based compensation. For the purpose of calculating EAD for the Annual Fee, net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders may also be adjusted for the effects of certain GAAP adjustments and transactions that may not be indicative of the Company’s current operations, in each case after discussions between the Manager and the independent directors of the Board and approved by a majority of the independent directors of the Board. EAD has replaced our prior presentation of Core Earnings.

Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, the Company is required to pay directly or reimburse the Manager for all documented Operating Expenses and Offering Expenses it incurs on behalf of the Company. “Operating Expenses” include legal, accounting, financial and due diligence services performed by the Manager that outside professionals or outside consultants would otherwise perform, the Company’s pro rata share of rent, telephone, utilities, office furniture, equipment, machinery and other office, internal and overhead expenses of the Manager required for the Company’s operations and compensation expenses under the 2020 LTIP. “Offering Expenses” include all expenses (other than underwriters’ discounts) in connection with an offering of securities, including, without limitation, legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees and other documented offering expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no Offering Expenses that were paid on the Company’s behalf for which the Company reimbursed the Manager.

Connections at Buffalo Pointe Contribution

On May 29, 2020, the OP entered into a contribution agreement (the “Buffalo Pointe Contribution Agreement”) with entities affiliated with executive officers of the Company and the Manager (the “BP Contributors”) whereby the BP Contributors contributed their respective preferred membership interests in NexPoint Buffalo Pointe Holdings, LLC (“Buffalo Pointe”), to the OP for total consideration of $10.0 million paid in OP Units. A total of 564,334 OP Units were issued to the BP Contributors, which was calculated by dividing the total consideration of $10.0 million by the combined book value of the Company’s common stock and the SubOP Units, on a per share or unit basis, as of the end of the first quarter, or $17.72 per OP Unit. The Company additionally contributed an aggregate of approximately $1.7 million on January 9, 2023, March 6, 2023, March 28, 2023, May 25, 2023, and August 16, 2023. Buffalo Pointe owns a stabilized multifamily property located in Houston, Texas with 90.5% occupancy as of September 30, 2023. The preferred equity investment pays current interest at a rate of 6.5%, deferred interest at a rate of 4.5%, has a loan-to-value ratio of 75.6% and a maturity date of May 1, 2030.

Pursuant to the OP LPA and the Buffalo Pointe Contribution Agreement, the BP Contributors have the right to cause our OP to redeem their OP Units for cash or, at our election, shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment, as provided and subject to the limitations in our OP LPA, provided the OP Units have been outstanding for at least one year and our stockholders have approved the issuance of shares of common stock to the BP Contributors. On May 11, 2021, our stockholders approved the issuance of such shares upon the exercise of the BP Contributors' redemption rights.

RSU Issuance

On May 8, 2020, in accordance with the 2020 LTIP, the Company granted 14,739 restricted stock units to its directors, on June 24, 2020, the Company granted 274,274 restricted stock units to its officers and other employees of the Manager, on November 2, 2020, the Company granted 1,838 restricted stock units to the sole member of the general partner of one of the Company’s subsidiaries, on February 22, 2021, the Company granted 233,385 restricted stock units to its directors, officers employees and certain key employees of the Manager and its affiliates, the Company granted 1,201 restricted stock units to the sole member of the general partner of one of the Company's subsidiaries, on February 21, 2022, the Company granted 264,476 restricted stock units to its officers and other employees of the Manager and 12,464 restricted stock units to its directors, and on April 4, 2023, the Company granted 418,685 restricted stock units to its officers and other employees of the Manager and 21,370 restricted stock units to its directors.

OP Unit Redemptions

At the 2021 annual meeting of the Company, the Company's stockholders approved the potential issuance of 13,758,906 shares of the Company's common stock to related parties in connection with the redemption of their OP Units or SubOP Units that may be redeemed for OP Units. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had redeemed and issued 8,748,735 shares of the Company's common stock to redeeming unitholders.

Expense Cap

Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, direct payment of operating expenses by the Company, which includes compensation expense relating to equity awards granted under the 2020 LTIP, together with reimbursement of operating expenses of the Manager, plus the Annual Fee, may not exceed 2.5% of equity book value (the “Expense Cap”) for any calendar year or portion thereof; provided, however, that this limitation will not apply to Offering Expenses, legal, accounting, financial, due diligence and other service fees incurred in connection with extraordinary litigation and mergers and acquisitions and other events outside the ordinary course of business or any out-of-pocket acquisition or due diligence expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition or disposition of certain real estate-related investments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, operating expenses did not exceed the Expense Cap.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred management fees of $2.5 million and $2.3 million, respectively.

Notes Offering

On April 20, 2021, the Company issued $75.0 million aggregate amount of its 5.75% Notes at a price equal to 99.5% par value for proceeds of approximately $73.1 million after original issue discount and underwriting fees. An account advised by NexAnnuity Asset Management, L.P., an affiliate of the Manager, purchased $2.5 million par value of the 5.75% Notes at issuance.

Bridge Loan

On March 31, 2022, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, originated a bridge loan for $13.5 million to a subsidiary of an entity advised by an affiliate of the Manager. The bridge loan was secured by a development property in Las Vegas, Nevada, and was used by the borrower to finance the acquisition of the property prior to obtaining construction financing. The loan bore interest at a rate of 1.50% plus the WSJ Prime Rate and was set to mature on October 1, 2022. On August 9, 2022, the bridge loan was paid off.

NSP Guaranty

On December 8, 2022 and in connection with a restructuring of NSP, the Company, through REIT Sub, together with NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust, Highland Income Fund and NexPoint Real Estate Strategies Fund (collectively, the "Co-Guarantors"), as guarantors, entered into a sponsor guaranty agreement in favor of Extra Space Storage, LP ("Extra Space") pursuant to which REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors guaranteed obligations of NSP with respect to NSP’s newly created Series D Preferred Stock and one promissory note in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $49.2 million issued to Extra Space (the "Sponsor Guaranty Agreement"). The guaranties by REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors are capped at $97.6 million, which will be reduced as the guaranteed obligations of NSP are paid. Each of REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors generally guaranteed the foregoing obligations of NSP up to the cap amount on a pro rata basis with respect to its percentage ownership of NSP’s common stock. The maximum liability of the Company under the guaranties is approximately $83.8 million.

NSP Promissory Note

On September 29, 2023, a subsidiary of NSP issued $5.0 million aggregate amount of a 11.00% note maturing on September 29, 2024 to a subsidiary of the Company (the "Promissory Note").

Convertible Promissory Note

On October 18, 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary, borrowed $6.5 million from NFRO REIT Sub, LLC (the "Holder") and issued $6.5 million aggregate amount of a 7.50% note to the Holder maturing on October 18, 2027. Beginning on January 1, 2023 through June 30, 2027, the Holder may elect to convert all or any part of the outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest due, and all other amounts due and payable to the Holder thereunder or in connection therewith, into equity interests of an affiliate of the borrower.

Elysian at Hughes Center

On February 1, 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary (the “Trust”), purchased the Elysian at Hughes Center, a 368-unit multifamily property in Las Vegas, Nevada, for a total of $184.1 million. The Trust is managed by an affiliate of the Manager (the “Asset Manager”). Effective January 1, 2023, the Company restructured this investment such that it does not meet the requirements for consolidation under ASC 810 – Consolidation and has been deconsolidated herein as of January 1, 2023 and presented as a preferred equity investment. As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned a preferred equity investment and indirect common equity interests in Elysian at Hughes Center, which resulted in the consolidation at year end. However, the common equity interests have been transferred to the Asset Manager in exchange for $54,000 and a guarantee of payments due to the Company in respect of its preferred equity investment if the investment is not redeemed prior to the close of the ongoing private offering of Class I Beneficial Interests in the Trust, which will continue until the maximum offering amount of $115.3 million has been reached or, if earlier, until December 31, 2023. The Company’s preferred investments were initially made from December 28, 2021 through July 26, 2022 and totaled $65.3 million. Following the transfer of the common equity interests, the Company no longer is the primary beneficiary of the Trust and as such does not consolidate it. The Company recognized a gain on deconsolidation of $1.5 million related to the residual effect of removing the consolidated assets and liabilities from the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of the preferred equity investment still approximates its par value so no portion of the gain on deconsolidation is related to a remeasurement of the fair value of the preferred equity investment. Management determined the fair value of the preferred

equity investment using a market approach and performing a benchmarking analysis to comparable transactions. As of September 30, 2023, $50.5 million of the Company's preferred investment in Elysian at Hughes Center had been redeemed, resulting in a remaining principal balance of $14.8 million.

Cellipont

On May 17, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, committed to purchase $4.2 million of the preferred units with respect to a life sciences property development located in Houston, Texas, of which $0.2 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. The investment was entered into as a co-investment with affiliates of the Company.

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Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Except as otherwise disclosed below, the Company is not aware of any contractual obligations, legal proceedings or any other contingent obligations incurred in the normal course of business that would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.

On September 29, 2021, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, entered into an agreement to purchase up to $50.0 million in a new preferred equity investment (the “Preferred Units”) upon notice from the issuer. Subject to certain conditions, the Company may be required to purchase an additional $25.0 million of Preferred Units at the option of the issuer. The funds are expected to be used to capitalize special purpose limited liability companies (“PropCos”) to engage in sale-and-leaseback transactions and development transactions on life science real property. On September, 22, 2023, the issuer exercised its right to extend the final obligation date to purchase any additional Preferred Units to September 29, 2024. As of September 30, 2023, the Company may have the obligation to fund an additional $6.6 million by September 29, 2024, which the issuer may extend for up to one year at its option for an extension fee. The Preferred Units accrue distributions at a rate of 10.0% annually, compounded monthly. Distributions on the Preferred Units will be paid in cash with respect to stabilized PropCos and paid in kind with respect to unstabilized PropCos. The obligations of the issuer will be supported by a pledge of all equity units of the PropCos. All or a portion of the Preferred Units may be redeemed at any time for a redemption price equal to the purchase price of the Preferred Units to be redeemed plus any accrued and unpaid distributions thereon and a cash redemption fee. Upon the redemption of any Preferred Units and if the parties agree, the remaining amount to be funded by the Company may be increased by the aggregate purchase price of the redeemed Preferred Units. In addition, if the issuer experiences a change of control, the redemption price will also include a payment equal to the amount needed to achieve a multiple on invested capital ("MOIC") equal to 1.25x for unstabilized PropCos and 1.10x for stabilized PropCos. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has not recorded any contingencies on its Consolidated Balance Sheets as the obligation to fund additional Preferred Units other than under the existing commitment is considered remote.

On March 14, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, committed to fund $24.0 million of preferred equity with respect to a ground up construction horizontal single-family property located in Phoenix, Arizona, of which $20.1 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. The preferred equity investment provides a floating annual return that is the greater of prime rate plus 5.0% or 11.25%, compounded monthly with a MOIC of 1.30x and 1.0% placement fee. The Company was also issued a common interest at the time of its first funding of preferred equity on May 16, 2023. The common interest allows the Company to receive a 10% profit share once aggregate distributions exceed the 20% IRR hurdle as shown below. There was no value ascribed to the common interest as of September 30, 2023. Further, once the Company's preferred equity and accrued interest has been repaid, any additional cash flow and net sale proceeds shall be distributed as follows:

•0% to the Company and 100% to issuer up to a 20.0% internal rate of return ("IRR")

•10% to the Company and 90% to issuer thereafter

On February 10, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, through a unit purchase agreement, committed to purchase $30.3 million of the preferred units with respect to a multifamily property development located in Forney, Texas, of which $9.4 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. Further, the Company committed to purchase $4.3 million of common equity with respect to the same property, of which $3.3 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023.

On February 10, 2023, the Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, through a unit purchase agreement, committed to purchase $30.3 million of the preferred units with respect to a multifamily property development located in Richmond, Virginia, of which $16.1 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023. Further, the Company committed to

purchase $4.3 million of common equity with respect to the same property, of which $3.3 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023.

The table below shows the Company's unfunded commitments by investment type as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

Investment Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	Unfunded Commitments		Unfunded Commitments
Preferred Equity	$	52,200	$	25,000
Common Equity	6,600		—
	$	58,800	$	25,000

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Subsequent Events

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events

Alexander at the District

The Company, through its subsidiaries, holds a preferred equity investment in SPG Alexander JV LLC, which owns a 280 unit multifamily property in Atlanta, Georgia. On October 10, 2023, the Company exercised its right to terminate and replace the existing manager of SPG Alexander JV, LLC, with NREF Alexander Manager, LLC, which the Company has 100% ownership of through the OP. The OP is the primary beneficiary of SPG Alexander JV LLC as of October 10, 2023, the property is expected to be consolidated in our consolidated financial statements in the fourth quarter.

Dividends Declared

The Board declared the fourth regular quarterly dividend of 2023 to common stockholders of $0.50 per share on October 30, 2023, to be paid on December 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record on December 15, 2023.

The Board declared a special dividend to common stockholders of $0.185 per share on October 30, 2023, to be paid on December 29, 2023, to common stockholders of record on December 15, 2023.

Series B Preferred Stock Offering

On November 2, 2023, the Company announced the launch of a continuous public offering of up to 16,000,000 shares of its newly designated 9.00% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”) at a price to the public of $25.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $400 million. NexPoint Securities, Inc., an affiliate of the Manager, will serve as the Company’s dealer manager (the "Dealer Manager") in connection with the offering. The Dealer Manager will use its reasonable best efforts to sell the shares of Series B Preferred Stock offered in the offering, and the Company will pay the Dealer Manager, subject to the discounts and other special circumstances described or referenced therein, (i) selling commissions of 7.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from sales of Series B Preferred Stock in the offering (“Selling Commissions”) and (ii) a dealer manager fee of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from sales of Series B Preferred Stock in the offering (the “Dealer Manager Fee”). The Dealer Manager, subject to federal and state securities laws, will reallow all or any portion of the Selling Commissions and may reallow a portion of the Dealer Manager Fee to other securities dealers that the Dealer Manager may retain who sold the shares of Series B Preferred Stock as will be described more fully in the agreements between such dealers and the Dealer Manager. The Company expects that the offering will terminate on the earlier of the date the Company sells all 16,000,000 shares of the Series B Preferred Stock in the offering or March 14, 2025 (which is the third anniversary of the effective date of the Company’s registration statement), which may be extended by the Company’s board of directors in its sole discretion. The board of directors may elect to terminate this offering at any time.

Preferred Equity Investments

The Company, through one of the Subsidiary OPs, purchased $11.0 million of preferred units on November 9, 2023 with respect to a life science focused real estate company.

NSP Promissory Note

On October 27, 2023, the Promissory Note of $5.0 million was repaid in full plus accrued interest.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Accounting

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with GAAP. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual amounts realized or paid could differ from those estimates. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. There have been no significant changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared according to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted according to such rules and regulations, although management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. It is at least reasonably possible that these estimates could change in the near term. Estimates are inherently subjective in nature and actual results could differ from our estimates and the differences could be material.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of ConsolidationThe Company accounts for subsidiary partnerships in which it holds an ownership interest in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation. The Company first evaluates whether each entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). Under the VIE model, the Company consolidates an entity when it has power to direct the activities of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Under the voting model, the Company consolidates an entity when it controls the entity through ownership of a majority voting interest. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has determined it must consolidate the OP and the Subsidiary OPs under the VIE model as it was determined the Company both controls the direct activities of the OP and Subsidiary OPs and possesses the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the OP and Subsidiary OPs. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the OP and its subsidiaries. The Company’s sole significant asset is its investment in the OP, and consequently, substantially all of the Company’s assets and liabilities represent those assets and liabilities of the OP.

Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest Entities

The Company evaluates all of its interests in VIEs for consolidation. When the Company’s interests are determined to be variable interests, the Company assesses whether it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, defines the primary beneficiary as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could

be potentially significant. The Company considers its variable interests, as well as any variable interests of its related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary, and it consolidates the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, the Company is not the primary beneficiary, and it does not consolidate the VIE (see Note 6).

CMBS Trusts

CMBS Trusts

The Company consolidates the trusts that issue beneficial ownership interests in mortgage loans secured by commercial real estate (commonly known as CMBS) when the Company holds a variable interest in, and management considers the Company to be the primary beneficiary of, those trusts. Management believes the performance of the assets that underlie CMBS issuances most significantly impact the economic performance of the trust, and the primary beneficiary is generally the entity that conducts activities that most significantly impact the performance of the underlying assets. In particular, the most subordinate tranches of CMBS expose the holder to greater variability of economic performance when compared to more senior tranches since the subordinate tranches absorb a disproportionately higher amount of the credit risk related to the underlying assets. Generally, a trust designates the most junior subordinate tranche outstanding as the controlling class, which entitles the holder of the controlling class to unilaterally appoint, remove and replace the special servicer for the trust. For the CMBS that the Company consolidates, the Company owns 100% of the most subordinate tranche of the securities. The subordinate tranche includes the controlling class and has the ability to remove and replace the special servicer.

On the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023, the Company consolidated each of the Freddie Mac K-Series securitization entities (the “CMBS Entities”) that were determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The CMBS Entities are independent of the Company, and the assets and liabilities of the CMBS Entities are not owned by and are not legal obligations of ours. Our exposure to the CMBS Entities is through the subordinated tranches. For financial reporting purposes, the underlying mortgage loans held by the trusts are recorded as a separate line item on the balance sheet under “Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value.” The liabilities of the trusts consist solely of obligations to the CMBS holders of the consolidated trusts, excluding the CMBS B-Piece investments held by the Company. The liabilities are presented as “Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The CMBS B-Pieces held by the Company, and the interest earned thereon are eliminated in consolidation. Management has elected the measurement alternative in ASC 810 to report the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the consolidated CMBS Entities in order to provide users of the financial statements with better information regarding the effects of credit risk and other market factors on the CMBS B-Pieces owned by the Company. Management has elected to show interest income and interest expense related to the CMBS Entities in aggregate with the change in fair value as “Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities.” The residual difference between the fair value of the CMBS Entities’ assets and liabilities represents the Company’s investments in the CMBS B-Pieces at fair value.

Mortgage and Other Loans Held-For-Investment, net

Mortgage and Other Loans Held-For-Investment, net

Loans that are held-for-investment are carried at their aggregate outstanding face amount, net of applicable (i) unamortized origination or acquisition premium and discounts, (ii) unamortized deferred fees and other direct loan origination costs, (iii) valuation allowance for credit losses and (iv) write-downs of impaired loans. The effective interest method is used to amortize origination or acquisition premiums and discounts and deferred fees or other direct loan origination costs. In general, an increase in prepayment rates accelerates the amortization of purchase premiums, thereby reducing the interest income earned on the assets. Conversely, discounts on such assets are accreted into interest income. In general, an increase in prepayment rates accelerates the accretion of purchase discounts, thereby increasing the interest income earned on the assets.

Allowance for Credit Losses

Allowance for Credit Losses

In periods ending on or prior to December 31, 2022, the Company, with the assistance of an independent valuations firm, performed a quarterly evaluation of loans classified as held for investment for impairment on a loan-by-loan basis in accordance with ASC 310-10-35, Receivables, Subsequent Measurement (“ASC 310-10-35”). If the Company determined that it was probable that it would be unable to collect all amounts owed according to the contractual terms of a loan, impairment of that loan was indicated. If a loan was considered to be impaired, the Company would establish an allowance for loan losses, through a valuation provision in earnings that reduced carrying value of the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual effective rate or the fair value of the collateral, if repayment was expected solely from the collateral. For non-impaired loans with no specific allowance the Company determined an allowance for loan losses in accordance with ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies (“ASC 450-20”), which represented

management’s best estimate of incurred losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date, excluding impaired loans and loans carried at fair value. Management considered quantitative factors likely to cause estimated credit losses, including default rate and loss severity rates. The Company also evaluated qualitative factors such as macroeconomic conditions, evaluations of underlying collateral, trends in delinquencies and non-performing assets. Increases to (or reversals of) the allowance for loan loss for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 are included in “Loan loss (provision)” on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which establishes credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. The new approach changes the impairment model for most financial assets and requires the use of a current expected credit loss ("CECL") model for financial instruments measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments. This model applies to trade and other receivables, loans, debt securities, net investments in leases and off-balance sheet credit exposures (such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees not accounted for as insurance) and requires entities to estimate the lifetime expected credit loss on such instruments and record an allowance that represents the portion of the amortized cost basis that the entity does not expect to collect.

We adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2023. The implementation process included the utilization of loan loss forecasting models, updates to our loan credit loss policy documentation, changes to internal reporting processes and related internal controls, and overall operational readiness for our adoption of the new standard. We have implemented loan loss forecasting models for estimating expected life-time credit losses, at the individual loan level, for our loan portfolio. The CECL forecasting methods used by the Company include (i) a probability of default and loss given default method using underlying third-party CMBS/Commercial Real Estate loan database with historical loan losses from 1998 to 2022, and (ii) probability weighted expected cash flow method, depending on the type of loan and the availability of relevant historical market loan loss data. We might use other acceptable alternative approaches in the future depending on, among other factors, the type of loan, underlying collateral, and availability of relevant historical market loan loss data. Significant inputs to our forecasting methods include (i) key loan-specific inputs such as loan-to-value, vintage year, loan-term, underlying property type, occupancy, geographic location, performance against the underwritten business plan, and our internal loan risk rating, and (ii) a macro-economic environment forecast. The reasonable and supportable forecast period is determined based on the Company’s assessment of the most likely scenario of assumptions and plausible outcomes for the U.S. economy, current portfolio composition, level of historical loss forecast estimates, material changes in growth and credit strategy and other factors that may affect its loss experience. The Company regularly evaluates the reasonable and supportable forecast period to determine if a change is needed. The Company has determined that economic forecasts used in our CECL model can be reasonable and supportable over four quarters as it provides enough time to account for the expected changes of the economic conditions and the performance of the underlying assets. Beyond the Company’s reasonable and supportable forecast period, the Company immediately reverts to historical loss information. The Company considers an immediate reversion period appropriate in the CECL model because it provides a suitable balance between the stability of historical data and the flexibility to account for changing market conditions. The allowance for loan and lease losses reserve as of December 31, 2022, was $0.7 million and the CECL reserve as of January 1, 2023, was $2.3 million. As such, the cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 was a $1.6 million reduction in retained earnings. The provision for credit losses of $6.28 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 is included in other income on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, resulting in an ending allowance for credit loss of $8.54 million as of September 30, 2023.

Significant judgment is required in determining impairment and in estimating the resulting loss allowance, and actual losses, if any, could materially differ from those estimates.

The Company performs a quarterly review of the portfolio. In conjunction with this review, the Company assesses the risk factors of each loan, including, without limitation, loan-to-value ratio, debt yield, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, collateral, cash-flow volatility, leasing and tenant profile, loan structure, exit plan and project sponsorship. Based on a 5-point scale, our loans are rated “1” through “5,” from least risk to greatest risk, respectively, which ratings are defined as follows:

1 – Outperform – Materially exceeds performance metrics (for example, technical milestones, occupancy, rents and net operating income) included in original or current credit underwriting and business plan;

2 – Exceeds Expectations – Collateral performance exceeds substantially all performance metrics included in original or current credit underwriting and business plan;

3 – Satisfactory – Collateral performance meets, or is on track to meet, underwriting; business plan is met or can reasonably be achieved;

4 – Underperformance – Collateral performance falls short of underwriting, material differences exist from business plan, or both; technical milestones have been missed; defaults may exist or may soon occur absent material improvement; and

5 – Risk of Impairment/Default – Collateral performance is significantly worse than underwriting; major variance from business plan; loan covenants or technical milestones have been breached; timely exit from loan via sale or refinancing is questionable.

The Company regularly evaluates the extent and impact of any credit deterioration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying collateral, as well as the financial and operating capability of the borrower. Specifically, the collateral’s operating results and any cash reserves are analyzed and used to assess (i) whether cash from operations is sufficient to cover the debt service requirements currently and into the future, (ii) the ability of the borrower to refinance the loan and/or (iii) the collateral’s liquidation value. The Company also evaluates the financial condition of any loan guarantors, as well as any changes in the borrower’s competency in managing and operating the collateral. In addition, the Company considers the overall economic environment, real estate or industry sector and geographic sub-market in which the borrower operates. Such impairment analyses are completed and reviewed by asset management and finance personnel who utilize various data sources, including (i) periodic financial data such as property operating statements, occupancy, tenant profile, rental rates, operating expenses, the borrower’s exit plan and capitalization and discount rates, (ii) site inspections and (iii) current credit spreads and discussions with market participants.

The Company considers loans to be past-due when a monthly payment is due and unpaid for 60 days or more. Loans will be placed on nonaccrual status and considered non-performing when full payment of principal and interest is in doubt, which generally occurs when they become 120 days or more past-due unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Accrual of interest on individual loans is discontinued when management believes that, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, the borrower’s financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful. Our policy is to cease accruing interest when a loan’s delinquency exceeds 120 days. All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual status or subsequently charged-off are reversed against interest income. Income is subsequently recognized on the cash basis until, in management’s judgment, the borrower’s ability to make periodic principal and interest payments returns and future payments are reasonably assured, in which case the loan is returned to accrual status.

For individual loans, a troubled debt restructuring is a formal restructuring of a loan where, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, a concession that would not otherwise be considered is granted to the borrower. The concession may be granted in various forms, including providing a below-market interest rate, a reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, an extension of the maturity date or a combination of these. An individual loan that has had a troubled debt restructuring is considered to be impaired and is subject to the relevant accounting for impaired loans. As of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company had no loan modifications, and, thus no troubled debt restructurings.

A loan is written off when it is no longer realizable and/or it is legally discharged.

The Company will evaluate acquired loans and debt securities for which it is probable at acquisition that all contractually required payments will not be collected in accordance with ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality.

The Company also recognizes a liability for expected credit losses for off-balance sheet exposures if the Company has a present contractual obligation to extend the credit and the obligation is not unconditionally cancelable by the entity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Section 107 of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), for complying with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. The Company has elected to take advantage of this extended transition period. As a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company

effective dates for such new or revised standards. The Company may elect to comply with public company effective dates at any time, and such election would be irrevocable pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act.

In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848 ("ASU 2022-06") which was issued to defer the sunset date of Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform to December 31, 2024. ASU 2022-06 is effective immediately for all companies. ASU 2022-06 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

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Loans Held for Investment, Net (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable, Gross, Allowance, and Net [Abstract]

Schedule of Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable

The following tables summarize our loans held-for-investment as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (dollars in thousands):

Loan Type	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value (1)		Loan Count	Weighted Average
						Fixed Rate (2)		Coupon (3)		Life (years) (4)
September 30, 2023
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment	$	675,844	$	708,003	13	100.00	%	4.79	%	4.64
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment	133,207		135,079		22	78.31	%	9.60	%	5.55
Preferred equity, held-for-investment	187,173		180,072		16	46.22	%	12.18	%	2.58
Promissory note, held-for-investment	5,000		5,000		1	11.00	%	11.00	%	1.00
	$	1,001,224	$	1,028,154	52	86.62	%	6.85	%	4.36

Loan Type	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value (1)		Loan Count	Weighted Average
						Fixed Rate (2)		Coupon (3)		Life (years) (4)
December 31, 2022
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment	$	688,046	$	726,531	15	100.00	%	4.81	%	5.36
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment	163,021		165,182		23	63.99	%	10.42	%	5.39
Preferred equity, held-for-investment	91,382		90,965		10	67.69	%	11.51	%	2.76
	$	942,449	$	982,678	48	90.64	%	6.43	%	5.11

(1)Carrying value includes the outstanding face amount plus unamortized purchase premiums/discounts and any allowance for loan losses.

(2)The weighted-average of loans paying a fixed rate is weighted on current principal balance.

(3)The weighted-average coupon is weighted on outstanding face amount.

(4)The weighted-average life is weighted on outstanding face amount and assumes no prepayments. The maturity date for preferred equity investments represents the maturity date of the senior mortgage, as the preferred equity investments require repayment upon the sale or refinancing of the asset.

Schedule of Loan and Preferred Equity Portfolio Activity

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the loan and preferred equity portfolio activity was as follows (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Balance at January 1,	$	982,678	$	1,088,881
Recognition of retained preferred equity investment upon deconsolidation of real estate (Note 14)	36,022		—
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 (See Note 2)	(1,624)		—
Conversion of convertible bonds to common stock	—		(25,000)
Originations	76,355		156,934
Proceeds from principal repayments	(58,246)		(196,825)
PIK distribution reinvested in Preferred Units	4,076		528
Amortization of loan premium, net (1)	(4,871)		(11,591)
(Provision for) reversal of credit losses, net	(6,236)		(57)
Balance at September 30,	$	1,028,154	$	1,012,870

(1)Includes net amortization of loan purchase premiums.

Financing Receivable Credit Quality Indicators

The following tables allocate the principal balance and net book value of the loan portfolio based on our internal risk ratings (dollars in thousands):

Risk Rating	September 30, 2023
	Number of Loans	Carrying Value		% of Loan Portfolio
1	—	$	—	—
2	—	—		—
3	48	999,080		97.17	%
4	3	25,199		2.45	%
5	1	3,875		0.38	%
	52	$	1,028,154	100.00	%

Risk Rating	December 31, 2022
	Number of Loans	Carrying Value		% of Loan Portfolio
1	—	$	—	—
2	—	—		—
3	48	982,678		100.00	%
4	—	—		—
5	—	—		—
	48	$	982,678	100.00	%

The following tables present the carrying value of the loan portfolio by the Company's internal risk rating and year of origination as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

September 30, 2023
	Carrying Value by Year of Origination (1)
Risk Rating	Number of Loans	Outstanding Face Amount		2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Total Carrying Value
1	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
2	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
3	48	966,711		70,402		70,733		44,133		19,159		774,691		19,962		999,080
4	3	24,763		—		8,438		—		—		16,761		—		25,199
5	1	9,750		—		—		3,875		—		—		—		3,875
	52	$	1,001,224	$	70,402	$	79,171	$	48,008	$	19,159	$	791,452	$	19,962	$	1,028,154

December 31, 2022
	Carrying Value by Year of Origination (1)
Risk Rating	Number of Loans	Outstanding Face Amount		2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Total Carrying Value
1	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
2	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
3	48	999,080		72,606		98,129		17,500		774,381		20,062		—		982,678
4	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
5	—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
	48	$	999,080	$	72,606	$	98,129	$	17,500	$	774,381	$	20,062	$	—	$	982,678

(1)Represents the date a loan was originated or acquired.

Schedule of Loans Held for Investment as a Percentage of Face Amount by Geographic Areas

The following tables present the geographies and property types of collateral underlying the Company’s loans held-for-investment as a percentage of the loans’ face amounts.

Geography	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Georgia	32.45	%	34.04	%
Florida	18.45	%	19.34	%
Texas	12.65	%	11.21	%
Nevada	2.75	%	*
Maryland	5.34	%	5.59	%
Minnesota	6.65	%	6.97	%
California	4.39	%	4.66	%
Alabama	3.63	%	3.81	%
North Carolina	2.69	%	2.65	%
Virginia	1.66	%	*
Arkansas	1.35	%	1.42	%
Other (18 and 19 states each at <1%)	7.99	%	10.31	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

*Included in “Other.”

Collateral Property Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Single Family Rental	69.26	%	72.26	%
Multifamily	23.32	%	23.11	%
Life Science	5.71	%	2.85	%
Self-Storage	1.70	%	1.79	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

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CMBS Trusts (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Mortgage Banking [Abstract]

Schedule of Recognized Trusts Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents the Company’s recognized Trust’s Assets and Liabilities (in thousands):

Trust's Assets	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	$	5,612,472	$	6,720,246
Accrued interest receivable	3,390		4,029
Trust's Liabilities
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	(5,225,922)		(6,249,804)
Accrued interest payable	(2,740)		(3,207)

Schedule of Change in Net Assets Related to Consolidated CMBS Variable Interest Entities

The following table presents “Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities” (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net interest earned	$	9,804	$	9,455	$	31,334	$	25,623
Unrealized gain (loss)	(2,767)		(12,103)		(6,408)		(20,304)
Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities	$	7,037	$	(2,648)	$	24,926	$	5,319

Summary Of Loan Collateral Unpaid Balance

The following tables present the geographies and property types of collateral underlying the CMBS trusts consolidated by the Company as a percentage of the collateral unpaid principal balance:

Geography	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Texas	15.77	%	17.95	%
Florida	14.07	%	13.82	%
Arizona	4.02	%	6.98	%
California	8.64	%	9.28	%
Georgia	4.33	%	4.68	%
Washington	7.71	%	6.88	%
New Jersey	3.99	%	3.97	%
Nevada	2.48	%	1.99	%
Pennsylvania	1.26	%	1.01	%
Colorado	7.70	%	6.21	%
Connecticut	2.04	%	3.64	%
North Carolina	4.14	%	3.53	%
New York	3.35	%	2.76	%
Ohio	2.48	%	2.00	%
Virginia	2.02	%	1.62	%
Indiana	2.11	%	1.69	%
Illinois	1.64	%	1.37	%
Michigan	1.37	%	1.11	%
Maryland	1.17	%	*
Missouri	1.55	%	1.25	%
Other (21 and 22 states each at <1%)	8.16	%	8.26	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

*Included in “Other.”

Collateral Property Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Multifamily	97.35	%	98.45	%
Manufactured Housing	2.65	%	1.55	%
	100.00	%	100.00	%

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Common Stock Investments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Debt Securities, Trading, and Equity Securities, FV-NI

The following table presents the common stock investments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (in thousands, except share amounts):

Investment	Investment Date	Property Type	Shares		Fair Value
			September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Common Stock
NexPoint Storage Partners	11/6/2020	Self-storage	41,963	41,963	$	33,759	$	50,380
Private REIT	4/14/2022	Ground lease	1,394,213	1,394,213	26,950		27,884

The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,638	Multifamily	2.09	%	15.13	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		16,840		Multifamily	3.08	%	18.00	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,078		Multifamily	1.71	%	18.36	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,446		Multifamily	3.50	%	17.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		404		Multifamily	2.39	%	22.06	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	3,610		Multifamily	1.32	%	16.11	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		815		Multifamily	1.28	%	19.34	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,270		Multifamily	1.96	%	18.03	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,225		Multifamily	3.20	%	15.30	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		227		Multifamily	2.70	%	16.21	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,400		Multifamily	2.04	%	17.47	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,518		Multifamily	3.05	%	15.24	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	42,471		2.58	%	17.46	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,020	Multifamily	14.79	%	14.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		5,000		Multifamily	11.79	%	11.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,305		Multifamily	12.14	%	13.34	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,325		13.00	%	13.15	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,898	Single-Family	8.63	%	8.93	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		9,173		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.03	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		529		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.32	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		845		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.15	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		3,937		Multifamily	11.35	%	11.33	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,856		Self Storage	11.09	%	11.11	%	9/15/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	3/10/2023		5,737		Multifamily	13.72	%	13.75	%	2/25/2025
Total			$	37,975		9.14	%	9.27	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,807	Multifamily	2.02	%	14.56	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		18,364		Multifamily	2.98	%	15.98	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,676		Multifamily	1.59	%	15.52	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,693		Multifamily	3.39	%	15.73	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		455		Multifamily	2.31	%	18.91	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	4,188		Multifamily	1.19	%	13.34	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		1,117		Multifamily	1.18	%	16.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,445		Multifamily	1.89	%	15.87	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,333		Multifamily	3.10	%	13.74	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		250		Multifamily	2.61	%	14.44	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,726		Multifamily	1.92	%	15.03	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,822		Multifamily	2.95	%	13.70	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	46,876		2.46	%	15.32	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,019	Multifamily	13.02	%	13.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		4,988		Multifamily	10.02	%	10.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,306		Multifamily	10.37	%	11.40	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,313		11.23	%	11.36	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,638	Single-Family	7.08	%	7.39	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		8,966		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.08	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		526		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.33	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		819		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.23	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		4,473		Multifamily	9.29	%	9.27	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,906		Self Storage	9.57	%	9.59	%	9/15/2027
Total			$	32,328		7.28	%	7.45	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

Investment

The following table presents “Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments” (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Change in unrealized gain on NexPoint Storage Partners	$	(17,258)	$	(3,189)	$	(16,621)	$	(2,726)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on Private REIT	794		—		(935)		2,885
Change in unrealized gain on common stock investments	$	(16,464)	$	(3,189)	$	(17,556)	$	159

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Variable Interest Entities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Schedule of Variable Interest Entities

As of September 30, 2023, the Company has accounted for the following investments as unconsolidated VIEs:

Entities	Instrument	Asset Type	Percentage Ownership as of September 30, 2023		Relationship as of September 30, 2023
Unconsolidated Entities:
NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc.	Common Stock	Self-storage	25.7	%	VIE
Resmark Forney Gateway Holdings, LLC	Common Equity	Multifamily	98.0	%	VIE
Resmark The Brook, LLC	Common Equity	Multifamily	98.0	%	VIE
Alexander at the District	Common Equity	Multifamily	25.7	%	VIE

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CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Debt Securities, Trading, and Equity Securities, FV-NI

The following table presents the common stock investments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (in thousands, except share amounts):

Investment	Investment Date	Property Type	Shares		Fair Value
			September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Common Stock
NexPoint Storage Partners	11/6/2020	Self-storage	41,963	41,963	$	33,759	$	50,380
Private REIT	4/14/2022	Ground lease	1,394,213	1,394,213	26,950		27,884

The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,638	Multifamily	2.09	%	15.13	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		16,840		Multifamily	3.08	%	18.00	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,078		Multifamily	1.71	%	18.36	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,446		Multifamily	3.50	%	17.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		404		Multifamily	2.39	%	22.06	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	3,610		Multifamily	1.32	%	16.11	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		815		Multifamily	1.28	%	19.34	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,270		Multifamily	1.96	%	18.03	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,225		Multifamily	3.20	%	15.30	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		227		Multifamily	2.70	%	16.21	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,400		Multifamily	2.04	%	17.47	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,518		Multifamily	3.05	%	15.24	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	42,471		2.58	%	17.46	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,020	Multifamily	14.79	%	14.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		5,000		Multifamily	11.79	%	11.79	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,305		Multifamily	12.14	%	13.34	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,325		13.00	%	13.15	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,898	Single-Family	8.63	%	8.93	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		9,173		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.03	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		529		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.32	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		845		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.15	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		3,937		Multifamily	11.35	%	11.33	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,856		Self Storage	11.09	%	11.11	%	9/15/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	3/10/2023		5,737		Multifamily	13.72	%	13.75	%	2/25/2025
Total			$	37,975		9.14	%	9.27	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

The following table presents the CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date		Carrying Value		Property Type	Interest Rate		Current Yield (1)		Maturity Date
CMBS I/O Strips
CMBS I/O Strip	5/18/2020		$	1,807	Multifamily	2.02	%	14.56	%	9/25/2046
CMBS I/O Strip	8/6/2020		18,364		Multifamily	2.98	%	15.98	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	4/28/2021	(2)	5,676		Multifamily	1.59	%	15.52	%	1/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	5/27/2021		3,693		Multifamily	3.39	%	15.73	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	6/7/2021		455		Multifamily	2.31	%	18.91	%	11/25/2028
CMBS I/O Strip	6/11/2021	(3)	4,188		Multifamily	1.19	%	13.34	%	5/25/2029
CMBS I/O Strip	6/21/2021		1,117		Multifamily	1.18	%	16.77	%	5/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/10/2021		2,445		Multifamily	1.89	%	15.87	%	4/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	8/11/2021		1,333		Multifamily	3.10	%	13.74	%	7/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	8/24/2021		250		Multifamily	2.61	%	14.44	%	1/25/2031
CMBS I/O Strip	9/1/2021		3,726		Multifamily	1.92	%	15.03	%	6/25/2030
CMBS I/O Strip	9/11/2021		3,822		Multifamily	2.95	%	13.70	%	9/25/2031
Total			$	46,876		2.46	%	15.32	%
MSCR Notes
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		$	4,019	Multifamily	13.02	%	13.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	5/25/2022		4,988		Multifamily	10.02	%	10.02	%	5/25/2052
MSCR Notes	9/23/2022		1,306		Multifamily	10.37	%	11.40	%	11/25/2051
Total			$	10,313		11.23	%	11.36	%
Mortgage Backed Securities
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		$	9,638	Single-Family	7.08	%	7.39	%	4/17/2026
Mortgage Backed Securities	6/1/2022		8,966		Single-Family	4.87	%	5.08	%	11/19/2025
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		526		Single-Family	6.23	%	6.33	%	10/17/2027
Mortgage Backed Securities	7/28/2022		819		Single-Family	3.60	%	4.23	%	6/20/2028
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/12/2022		4,473		Multifamily	9.29	%	9.27	%	1/25/2031
Mortgage Backed Securities	9/29/2022		7,906		Self Storage	9.57	%	9.59	%	9/15/2027
Total			$	32,328		7.28	%	7.45	%

(1)Current yield is the annualized income earned divided by the cost basis of the investment.

(2)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $50.0 million and $15.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FHMS K-107 CMBS I/O Strip on April 28, 2021 and May 4, 2021, respectively.

(3)The Company, through the Subsidiary OPs, purchased approximately $80.0 million, $35.0 million, $40.0 million and $50.0 million aggregate notional amount of the X1 interest-only tranche of the FRESB 2019-SB64 CMBS I/O Strip on June 11, 2021, September 29, 2021, February 3, 2022 and March 18, 2022, respectively.

Schedule of Activity Related to Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities [Table Text Block]

The following table presents activity related to the Company’s CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net interest earned	$	775	$	2,237	$	2,270	$	4,811
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on CMBS structured pass-through certificates	710		(3,904)		926		(11,555)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on MSCR notes	(15)		44		13		(147)
Change in unrealized (loss) on mortgage backed securities	27		(317)		247		(356)
Total	$	1,497	$	(1,940)	$	3,456	$	(7,247)

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Real Estate Investments, net (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Real Estate Investments, Net [Abstract]

Schedule of Real Estate Properties

As of September 30, 2023, the major components of the Company's investment in multifamily property was as follows (in thousands):

Real Estate Investment, Net	Land		Buildings and Improvements		Intangible Lease Assets		Construction in Progress		Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment		Totals
Hudson Montford	$	10,996	$	49,856	$	—	$	401	$	680	$	61,933
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	—		(3,025)		—		—		(345)		(3,370)
Total Real Estate Investment, Net	$	10,996	$	46,831	$	—	$	401	$	335	$	58,563

As of December 31, 2022, the major components of the Company's investments in multifamily properties were as follows (in thousands):

Real Estate Investments, Net	Land		Buildings and Improvements		Intangible Lease Assets		Construction in Progress		Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment		Totals
Hudson Montford	$	10,996	$	49,831	$	—	$	2	$	602	$	61,431
Elysian at Hughes	25,590		160,141		—		—		—		185,731
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	—		(1,752)		—		—		(188)		(1,940)
Total Real Estate Investments, Net	$	36,586	$	208,220	$	—	$	2	$	414	$	245,222

Real Estate Investment Financial Statements, Disclosure

The following table reflects the revenue and expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, for our multifamily property (in thousands).

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenues
Rental income	$	1,032	$	3,061	$	3,057	$	8,136
Other income	51		394		90		972
Total revenues	1,083		3,455		3,147		9,108
Expenses
Interest expense	664		1,016		1,876		2,886
Real estate taxes and insurance	164		363		512		1,135
Property operating expenses	201		793		590		1,793
Property general and administrative expenses	39		56		111		247
Property management fees	31		79		90		220
Depreciation and amortization	476		545		1,430		2,435
Rate cap (income) expense	345		(420)		(181)		(923)
Debt service bridge	—		10		—		626
Casualty loss	19		—		(156)		—
Total expenses	1,939		2,442		4,272		8,419
Net income (loss) from consolidated real estate owned	$	(856)	$	1,013	$	(1,125)	$	689

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Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Long-Term Debt Instruments

The following table summarizes the Company’s financing arrangements in place as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2023
	Facility										Collateral
	Date issued	Outstanding face amount		Carrying value		Final stated maturity		Weighted average interest rate (1)		Weighted average life (years) (2)	Outstanding face amount		Amortized cost basis		Carrying value (3)		Weighted average life (years) (2)
Master Repurchase Agreements
CMBS
Mizuho(4)	4/15/2020	$	298,009	$	298,009	N/A	(5)	7.23	%	0.1	$	853,574	$	434,890	$	425,949	6.6
Asset Specific Financing
Single Family Rental loans
Freddie Mac	7/12/2019	617,648		617,648		7/12/2029		2.34	%	4.6	675,844		708,003		708,003		4.6
Mezzanine loans
Freddie Mac	10/20/2020	59,252		59,252		8/1/2031		0.30	%	6.5	96,817		98,898		98,898		6.5
Multifamily properties
CBRE	12/31/2021	32,425		32,205		6/1/2028	(6)	7.78	%	4.7	N/A		58,563		58,563		4.7
Unsecured Financing
Various	10/15/2020	36,500		35,768		10/25/2025		7.50	%	2.1	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	4/20/2021	165,000		163,357		4/15/2026		5.75	%	2.5	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	10/18/2022	6,500		6,500		10/18/2027		7.50	%	4.1	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Total/weighted average		$	1,215,334	$	1,212,739			4.23	%	3.2	$	1,626,235	$	1,300,354	$	1,291,413	5.7

(1)Weighted-average interest rate using unpaid principal balances.

(2)Weighted-average life is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

(3)CMBS are shown at fair value on an unconsolidated basis. SFR Loans and mezzanine loans are shown at amortized cost.

(4)On April 15, 2020, three of our subsidiaries entered into a master repurchase agreement with Mizuho Securities ("Mizuho"). Borrowings under these repurchase agreements are collateralized by portions of the CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities.

(5)The master repurchase agreement with Mizuho does not have a stated maturity date. The transactions in place have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

(6)Debt was assumed upon acquisition of this property and recorded at the outstanding principal amount, net of debt issuance costs. The loan can be prepaid at a 1.0% prepayment premium on any unpaid principal. The loan is open to pre-payment in the last three months of the term.

The following table summarizes the Company’s financing arrangements in place as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2022
	Facility										Collateral
	Date issued	Outstanding face amount		Carrying value		Final stated maturity		Weighted average interest rate (1)		Weighted average life (years) (2)	Outstanding face amount		Amortized cost basis		Carrying value (3)		Weighted average life (years) (2)
Master Repurchase Agreements
CMBS
Mizuho(4)	4/15/2020	$	331,020	$	331,020	N/A	(5)	5.83	%	0.2	$	974,440	$	543,919	$	539,736	7.0
Asset Specific Financing
Single Family Rental loans
Freddie Mac	7/12/2019	628,633		628,633		7/12/2029		2.35	%	5.4	688,046		726,531		726,531		5.4
Mezzanine loans
Freddie Mac	10/20/2020	59,252		59,252		8/1/2031		0.30	%	7.3	105,817		108,390		108,390		7.3
Multifamily properties
CBRE	12/31/2021	32,480		32,176		6/1/2028	(6)	5.80	%	5.4	N/A		59,491		59,491		5.4
CBRE	2/1/2022	89,634		89,060		2/1/2032		3.52	%	9.1	N/A		185,731		185,731		9.1
Unsecured Financing
Various	10/15/2020	36,500		35,530		10/25/2025		7.50	%	2.8	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	4/20/2021	165,000		162,930		4/15/2026		5.75	%	3.3	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Various	10/18/2022	6,500		6,500		10/18/2027		7.50	%	4.8	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Total/weighted average		$	1,349,019	$	1,345,101			3.85	%	4.1	$	1,768,303	$	1,624,062	$	1,619,879	6.4

(1)Weighted-average interest rate using unpaid principal balances.

(2)Weighted-average life is determined using the maximum maturity date of the corresponding loans, assuming all extension options are exercised by the borrower.

(3)CMBS are shown at fair value on an unconsolidated basis. SFR Loans and mezzanine loans are shown at amortized cost.

(4)On April 15, 2020, three of our subsidiaries entered into a master repurchase agreement with Mizuho. Borrowings under these repurchase agreements are collateralized by portions of the CMBS B-Pieces, CMBS I/O Strips, MSCR Notes and mortgage backed securities.

(5)The master repurchase agreement with Mizuho does not have a stated maturity date. The transactions in place have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

(6)Debt was assumed upon acquisition of this property and recorded at the outstanding principal amount, net of debt issuance costs. The loan can be prepaid at a 1.0% prepayment premium on any unpaid principal. The loan is open to pre-payment in the last three months of the term.

Schedule of Debt

As of September 30, 2023, the outstanding principal balances related to the SFR Loans and levered Mezzanine Loans consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Investment	Investment Date	Outstanding Principal Balance (1)		Location	Property Type	Interest Type	Interest Rate		Maturity Date
SFR Loans
Senior loan	2/11/2020	$	465,690	Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.24	%	9/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	46,094		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.14	%	10/1/2025
Senior loan	2/11/2020	34,112		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.70	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	9,170		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.79	%	9/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	9,284		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.45	%	3/1/2026
Senior loan	2/11/2020	8,558		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.51	%	2/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	8,805		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	7,913		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.14	%	1/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	6,524		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.98	%	2/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,874		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.99	%	3/1/2029
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,435		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.40	%	2/1/2024
Senior loan	2/11/2020	5,240		Various	Single-family	Fixed	3.14	%	12/1/2028
Senior loan	2/11/2020	4,949		Various	Single-family	Fixed	2.64	%	10/1/2028
Total		$	617,648				2.34	%
Mezzanine Loans
Senior loan	10/20/2020	$	8,723	Wilmington, DE	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	6/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	7,344		White Marsh, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	4/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	6,353		Philadelphia, PA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	5,881		Daytona Beach, FL	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	4,523		Laurel, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	4,179		Temple Hills, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	1/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	3,390		Temple Hills, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	5/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	3,348		Lakewood, NJ	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	5/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,454		North Aurora, IL	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,264		Rosedale, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,215		Cockeysville, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	2,026		Laurel, MD	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	7/1/2029
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,836		Vancouver, WA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	8/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,763		Tyler, TX	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	11/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	1,307		Las Vegas, NV	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	10/1/2028
Senior loan	10/20/2020	918		Atlanta, GA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	8/1/2031
Senior loan	10/20/2020	728		Des Moines, IA	Multifamily	Fixed	0.30	%	3/1/2029
Total		$	59,252				0.30	%

Outstanding principal balance represents the total repurchase agreement balance outstanding as of September 30, 2023.

Schedule of Line of Credit Facilities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the activity related to the carrying value of the master repurchase agreements, secured financing agreements and unsecured financing were as follows (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Balances as of January 1,	$	1,345,101	$	1,273,051
Adjustment to mortgages payable, net on deconsolidation of real estate	(89,012)		—
Principal borrowings	44,892		252,796
Principal repayments	(88,888)		(161,999)
Repurchase of unsecured notes	—		(2,879)
Repurchase of unsecured notes, not yet settled	—		(1,950)
Accretion of discounts	666		572
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(20)		36
Balances as of September 30,	$	1,212,739	$	1,359,627

Schedule of Maturities of Long-Term Debt

The aggregate scheduled maturities, including amortizing principal payments, of total debt for the next five calendar years subsequent to September 30, 2023 are as follows (in thousands):

Year	Recourse		Non-recourse		Total
2023(1)	$	—	$	298,009	$	298,009
2024	—		5,435		5,435
2025	36,500		46,094		82,594
2026	197,426		9,284		206,710
2027	6,500		—		6,500
Thereafter	—		616,086		616,086
	$	240,426	$	974,908	$	1,215,334

(1)The transactions in place in the master repurchase agreement with Mizuho have a one-month to two-month tenor and are expected to roll accordingly.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

The carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as other financial instruments not carried at fair value as of September 30, 2023 (in thousands):

			Fair Value
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	10,977	$	10,977	$	—	$	—	$	10,977
Restricted cash	1,942		1,942		—		—		1,942
Loans, held-for-investment, net	320,151		—		—		329,344		329,344
Common stock investments, at fair value	60,709		—		—		60,709		60,709
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net	708,003		—		—		689,312		689,312
Accrued interest	21,489		21,489		—		—		21,489
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,612,472		—		5,612,472		—		5,612,472
CMBS structured pass-through certificates, at fair value	42,471		—		42,471		—		42,471
MSCR notes, at fair value	10,325		—		10,325		—		10,325
Mortgage backed securities, at fair value	37,975		—		37,975		—		37,975
Accounts receivable and other assets	1,276		1,276		—		—		1,276
	$	6,827,790	$	35,684	$	5,703,243	$	1,079,365	$	6,818,292
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	$	676,900	$	—	$	—	$	691,428	$	691,428
Master repurchase agreements	298,009		—		—		298,009		298,009
Unsecured notes, net	205,625		—		178,116		—		178,116
Mortgages payable, net	32,205		—		—		25,471		25,471
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	3,405		3,405		—		—		3,405
Accrued interest payable	10,124		10,124		—		—		10,124
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,225,922		—		5,225,922		—		5,225,922
	$	6,452,190	$	13,529	$	5,404,038	$	1,014,908	$	6,432,475

The carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as other financial instruments not carried at fair value as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

			Fair Value
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	20,048	$	20,048	$	—	$	—	$	20,048
Restricted cash	299		299		—		—		299
Loans, held-for-investment, net	256,147		—		—		255,254		255,254
Common stock investment, at fair value	78,264		—		—		78,264		78,264
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment, net	726,531		—		—		727,533		727,533
Accrued interest	15,665		15,665		—		—		15,665
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	6,720,246		—		6,720,246		—		6,720,246
CMBS structured pass-through certificates, at fair value	46,876		—		46,876		—		46,876
MSCR notes, at fair value	10,313		—		10,313		—		10,313
Mortgage backed securities, at fair value	32,328		—		32,328		—		32,328
Accounts receivable and other assets	2,197		2,197		—		—		2,197
	$	7,908,914	$	38,209	$	6,809,763	$	1,061,051	$	7,909,023
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	$	687,885	$	—	$	—	$	713,253	$	713,253
Master repurchase agreements	331,020		—		—		331,020		331,020
Unsecured notes, net	204,960		—		175,560		—		175,560
Mortgages payable, net	121,236		—		—		121,236		121,236
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	6,231		6,236		—		—		6,236
Accrued interest payable	7,986		7,986		—		—		7,986
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	6,249,804		—		6,249,804		—		6,249,804
	$	7,609,122	$	14,222	$	6,425,364	$	1,165,509	$	7,605,095

Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques

The following is a summary of significant unobservable inputs used in the fair valuation of the Company's Level 3 assets carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Carrying Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Range	Weighted Average (1)
NexPoint Storage Partners	$	33,759	Discounted cash flow	Terminal cap rate	5.13% - 5.63%	5.38	%
				Discount rate	7.75% - 9.75%	8.75	%
Private REIT	$	26,950	Market approach	NAV per share multiple	1.00 - 1.21x	1.11x

(1)Averages are weighted based on the fair value of the related instrument

Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation

The table below reflects a summary of changes for the Company's Level 3 common stock assets carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

	Balance as of 12/31/22		Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses)		Balance as of 9/30/23
NexPoint Storage Partners	$	50,380	$	(16,621)	$	33,759
Private REIT	$	27,884	$	(934)	$	26,950

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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Restricted Stock Unit, Activity

The following table includes the number of restricted stock units granted, vested, forfeited and outstanding as of September 30, 2023:

	2023
	Number of Units		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding January 1, 2023	577,360		$	17.88
Granted	440,055		15.14
Vested	(201,678)	(1)	17.27
Forfeited	—		—
Outstanding September 30, 2023	815,737		$	16.71

(1)Certain key employees of the Manager elected to net the taxes owed upon vesting against the shares issued resulting in 151,970 shares being issued as shown on the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity.

The following table includes the number of restricted stock units granted, vested, forfeited and outstanding as of September 30, 2023:

	Shares Vesting
	February	April	May	Total
2024	120,640	126,042	68,564	315,246
2025	120,646	104,672	—	225,318
2026	65,832	104,670	—	170,502
2027	—	104,671	—	104,671
Total	307,118	440,055	68,564	815,737

Schedule of Sale of Stock

The following table contains summary information of the 2022 ATM Program since its inception through September 30, 2023:

Gross Proceeds	$	12,575,493
Shares of Common Stock Issued	531,728
Gross Average Sale Price per Share of Common Stock	$	23.65
Sales Commissions	$	188,655
Offering Costs	888,249
Net Proceeds	$	11,498,589
Average Price Per Share, net	$	21.62

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(15,550)	$	(9,289)	$	(3,236)	$	6,967
Earnings for basic computations
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(2,374)		(1,889)		1,419		5,080
Net income for diluted computations	$	(17,924)	$	(11,178)	$	(1,817)	$	12,047
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
Average number of common shares outstanding - basic	17,232		14,962		17,188		14,526
Average number of unvested restricted stock units	816		578		723		569
Average number of OP Units and SubOP Units	5,038		7,138		5,038		7,307
Average number of common shares outstanding - diluted	23,086		22,678		22,949		22,402
Earnings per weighted average common share:
Basic	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	$	(0.19)	$	0.48
Diluted	$	(0.90)	$	(0.62)	$	(0.19)	$	0.48

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Noncontrolling Interests (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest

The following table sets forth the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (reflecting the OP’s consolidation of the Subsidiary OPs) for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022 (in thousands):

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP, January 1,	$	96,501	$	261,423
Adjustment to redeemable noncontrolling interest in the OP on deconsolidation of real estate	297		—
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	1,419		5,080
Redemption of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	—		(113,535)
Distributions to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	(9,069)		(10,708)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP, September 30,	$	89,148	$	142,260

Consolidated Common Shares of Noncontrolling Interest

The table below presents the common shares and OP Units outstanding held by the noncontrolling interests (“NCI”), as the OP Units and SubOP Units held by the Company are eliminated in consolidation:

Period End	Common Shares Outstanding	OP Units Held by NCI	Combined Outstanding
September 30, 2023	17,231,913	5,038,382	22,270,295

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Commitment and Contingencies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Purchase Commitment, Excluding Long-Term Commitment

The table below shows the Company's unfunded commitments by investment type as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

Investment Type	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	Unfunded Commitments		Unfunded Commitments
Preferred Equity	$	52,200	$	25,000
Common Equity	6,600		—
	$	58,800	$	25,000

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Organization and Description of Business (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023
NexPoint Real Estate Finance Operating Partnership, L.P.
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]
Limited partnership, ownership interest	83.41%
NexPoint Real Estate Finance Operating Partnership, L.P. | Class A OP Units
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]
Limited partnership, ownership interest	100.00%
Three Subsidiary Partnerships | NexPoint Real Estate Finance Operating Partnership, L.P.
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]
Limited partnership, ownership interest	100.00%

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) loan	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Allowance for loan and lease losses reserve							$ 700
Current expected credit loss reserve	$ 8,540		$ 8,540			$ 2,300
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 (See Note 2)	(345,015)	$ (401,425)	(345,015)	$ (401,425)	$ (371,643)		(448,513)	$ (398,951)	$ (245,283)
Reversal of (provision for) credit losses	6,276	(7)	6,236	57
Retained Earnings (accumulated deficit) Less Dividends
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 (See Note 2)	$ 37,226	$ (12,274)	$ 37,226	$ (12,274)	$ 9,313		(4,435)	$ (29,339)	$ (28,367)
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 (See Note 2)							1,624
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment | Retained Earnings (accumulated deficit) Less Dividends
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 (See Note 2)							$ 1,624
Financial Asset Acquired with Credit Deterioration
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Number of loans acquired | loan			0
One Security | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Variable interest entity, qualitative or quantitative information, ownership percentage			100.00%

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Loans Held for Investment, Net - Summary of Loans Held for Investment (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 loan	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023 unit	Dec. 31, 2022 loan	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022 unit
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Outstanding Face Amount	$ 1,001,224	$ 942,449
Carrying Value	$ 1,028,154	$ 982,678
Loan Count			52		52	48		48
Weighted average, fixed rate				86.62%			90.64%
Weighted average, coupon				6.85%			6.43%
Weighted average, life (years)	4 years 4 months 9 days	5 years 1 month 9 days
Mortgage loans, held-for-investment
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Outstanding Face Amount	$ 675,844	$ 688,046
Carrying Value	$ 708,003	$ 726,531
Loan Count | loan			13			15
Weighted average, fixed rate				100.00%			100.00%
Weighted average, coupon				4.79%			4.81%
Weighted average, life (years)	4 years 7 months 20 days	5 years 4 months 9 days
Mezzanine loans, held-for-investment
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Outstanding Face Amount	$ 133,207	$ 163,021
Carrying Value	$ 135,079	$ 165,182
Loan Count | loan			22			23
Weighted average, fixed rate				78.31%			63.99%
Weighted average, coupon				9.60%			10.42%
Weighted average, life (years)	5 years 6 months 18 days	5 years 4 months 20 days
Preferred equity, held-for-investment
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Outstanding Face Amount	$ 187,173	$ 91,382
Carrying Value	$ 180,072	$ 90,965
Loan Count | loan			16			10
Weighted average, fixed rate				46.22%			67.69%
Weighted average, coupon				12.18%			11.51%
Weighted average, life (years)	2 years 6 months 29 days	2 years 9 months 3 days
Promissory note, held-for-investment
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Outstanding Face Amount	$ 5,000
Carrying Value	$ 5,000
Loan Count | loan			1
Weighted average, fixed rate				11.00%
Weighted average, coupon				11.00%
Weighted average, life (years)	1 year

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Loans Held for Investment, Net - Loan and Preferred Equity Portfolio Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 982,678
Originations of loans, held-for-investment, net	76,355	$ 91,587
Ending balance	1,028,154
Loans Receivable, Held for Investment
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	982,678	1,088,881
Recognition of retained preferred equity investment upon deconsolidation of real estate (Note 14)	36,022	0
Conversion of convertible bonds to common stock	0	(25,000)
Originations of loans, held-for-investment, net	76,355	156,934
Proceeds from principal repayments	(58,246)	(196,825)
PIK distribution reinvested in Preferred Units	4,076	528
Amortization of loan premium, net	(4,871)	(11,591)
(Provision for) reversal of credit losses, net	(6,236)	(57)
Ending balance	1,028,154	1,012,870
Loans Receivable, Held for Investment | Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ (1,624)	$ 0

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Loans Held for Investment, Net - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2023 loan	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023 unit	Dec. 31, 2022 loan	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022 unit
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable, Gross, Allowance, and Net [Abstract]
Financing receivable, unamortized purchase premium (discount)		$ 36.0				$ 40.9
Loans and leases receivable, number of loans	52			52	48			48
Weighted average risk rating			3.04				3.00
Allowance for credit loss		$ 5.8

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Loans Held for Investment, Net - Principal Balance and Net Book Value of the Loan Portfolio Based on Internal Risk Ratings (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 loan	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023 unit	Dec. 31, 2022 loan	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022 unit
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loan Count	52			52	48			48
Carrying Value		$ 1,028,154				$ 982,678
% of Loan Portfolio			1.0000				1.0000
Risk Rating 1
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loan Count	0			0	0			0
Carrying Value		0				0
% of Loan Portfolio			0				0
Risk Rating 2
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loan Count	0			0	0			0
Carrying Value		0				0
% of Loan Portfolio			0				0
Risk Rating 3
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loan Count	48			48	48			48
Carrying Value		999,080				982,678
% of Loan Portfolio			0.9717				1.0000
Risk Rating 4
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loan Count	3			3	0			0
Carrying Value		25,199				0
% of Loan Portfolio			0.0245				0
Risk Rating 5
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loan Count	1			1	0			0
Carrying Value		$ 3,875				$ 0
% of Loan Portfolio			0.0038				0

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Loans Held for Investment, Net - Summary of Loans by Origination (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 loan	Sep. 30, 2023 unit	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 loan	Dec. 31, 2022 unit	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Loans and leases receivable, number of loans	52	52		48	48
Outstanding Face Amount			$ 1,001,224			$ 999,080
2023			70,402			72,606
2022			79,171			98,129
2021			48,008			17,500
2020			19,159			774,381
2019			791,452			20,062
Prior			19,962			0
Loans and leases receivable, gross			1,028,154			982,678
Risk Rating 1
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Loans and leases receivable, number of loans	0	0		0	0
Outstanding Face Amount			0			0
2023			0			0
2022			0			0
2021			0			0
2020			0			0
2019			0			0
Prior			0			0
Loans and leases receivable, gross			0			0
Risk Rating 2
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Loans and leases receivable, number of loans	0	0		0	0
Outstanding Face Amount			0			0
2023			0			0
2022			0			0
2021			0			0
2020			0			0
2019			0			0
Prior			0			0
Loans and leases receivable, gross			0			0
Risk Rating 3
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Loans and leases receivable, number of loans	48	48		48	48
Outstanding Face Amount			966,711			999,080
2023			70,402			72,606
2022			70,733			98,129
2021			44,133			17,500
2020			19,159			774,381
2019			774,691			20,062
Prior			19,962			0
Loans and leases receivable, gross			999,080			982,678
Risk Rating 4
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Loans and leases receivable, number of loans	3	3		0	0
Outstanding Face Amount			24,763			0
2023			0			0
2022			8,438			0
2021			0			0
2020			0			0
2019			16,761			0
Prior			0			0
Loans and leases receivable, gross			25,199			0
Risk Rating 5
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Loans and leases receivable, number of loans	1	1		0	0
Outstanding Face Amount			9,750			0
2023			0			0
2022			0			0
2021			3,875			0
2020			0			0
2019			0			0
Prior			0			0
Loans and leases receivable, gross			$ 3,875			$ 0

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Loans Held for Investment, Net - Geographies and Property Types of Collateral Underlying the Loans Held-for-investment as a Percentage of the Loans' Face Amounts (Details)	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	1.0000	1.0000
Single Family Rental
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.6926	0.7226
Multifamily
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.2332	0.2311
Life Science
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0571	0.0285
Self-Storage
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0170	0.0179
Georgia
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.3245	0.3404
Florida
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.1845	0.1934
Texas
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.1265	0.1121
Nevada
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0275
Maryland
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0534	0.0559
Minnesota
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0665	0.0697
California
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0439	0.0466
Alabama
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0363	0.0381
North Carolina
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0269	0.0265
Virginia
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0166
Arkansas
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0135	0.0142
Other
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
% of loan portfolio	0.0799	0.1031

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CMBS Trusts - Schedule of Recognized Trusts Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	$ (1,215,334)
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Mortgage loans held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,612,472	$ 6,720,246
Accrued interest receivable	3,390	4,029
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	(5,225,922)	(6,249,804)
Accrued interest payable	$ (2,740)	$ (3,207)

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CMBS Trusts - Schedule of Change in Net Assets Related to Consolidated CMBS Variable Interest Entities (Details) - Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Securitization or Asset-Backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]
Net interest earned	$ 9,804	$ 9,455	$ 31,334	$ 25,623
Debt securities, trading, unrealized gain (loss)	(2,767)	(12,103)	(6,408)	(20,304)
Change in net assets related to consolidated CMBS variable interest entities	$ 7,037	$ (2,648)	$ 24,926	$ 5,319

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CMBS Trusts - Schedule of Geographies and Property Types of Collateral Underlying the CMBS Trusts as Percentage of Collateral Unpaid Principal Balance (Details) - Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	100.00%	100.00%
Multifamily
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	97.35%	98.45%
Manufactured Housing
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	2.65%	1.55%
Texas
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	15.77%	17.95%
Florida
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	14.07%	13.82%
Arizona
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	4.02%	6.98%
California
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	8.64%	9.28%
Georgia
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	4.33%	4.68%
Washington
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	7.71%	6.88%
New Jersey
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	3.99%	3.97%
Nevada
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	2.48%	1.99%
Pennsylvania
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	1.26%	1.01%
Colorado
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	7.70%	6.21%
Connecticut
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	2.04%	3.64%
North Carolina
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	4.14%	3.53%
New York
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	3.35%	2.76%
Ohio
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	2.48%	2.00%
Virginia
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	2.02%	1.62%
Indiana
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	2.11%	1.69%
Illinois
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	1.64%	1.37%
Michigan
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	1.37%	1.11%
Maryland
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	1.17%
Missouri
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	1.55%	1.25%
Other
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Percentage of collateral unpaid principal balance	8.16%	8.26%

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Common Stock Investments - Additional Information (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	Apr. 14, 2022 USD ($) convertible_note shares	Sep. 30, 2023 $ / shares
Private REIT
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership percentage by noncontrolling owners		6.36%
Private REIT
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Private offering price per share (in usd per share)		$ 19.33
Convertible Note
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in usd per share)		$ 17.50
Number of convertible notes | convertible_note	2
Stock issued during period, conversion of convertible securities (in shares) | shares	1,394,213
Conversion of convertible bonds to common stock | $	$ 25.0
NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc. (“NSP”)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment, ownership percentage		25.70%
RFGH and RTB
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment, ownership percentage		98.00%

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Common Stock Investments - Schedule of Common Stock Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Common stock investment, at fair value	$ 60,709	$ 78,264
NexPoint Storage Partners
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Investment owned, balance (in shares)	41,963	41,963
Common stock investment, at fair value	$ 33,759	$ 50,380
Private REIT
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Investment owned, balance (in shares)	1,394,213	1,394,213
Common stock investment, at fair value	$ 26,950	$ 27,884

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Common Stock Investments - Schedule of Change in Unrealized Gain on Common Stock Investment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on common stock investments	$ (16,464)	$ (3,189)	$ (17,556)	$ 159
NexPoint Storage Partners
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on common stock investments	(17,258)	(3,189)	(16,621)	(2,726)
Private REIT
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on common stock investments	$ 794	$ 0	$ (935)	$ 2,885

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Variable Interest Entities - Schedule of Variable Interest Entities (Details) - VIE	Sep. 30, 2023
NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc.
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Effective ownership	25.70%
Resmark Forney Gateway Holdings, LLC
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Effective ownership	98.00%
Resmark The Brook, LLC
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Effective ownership	98.00%
Alexander at the District
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Effective ownership	25.70%

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Variable Interest Entities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	2 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 08, 2022
NexPoint Storage Partners, Inc.
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum loss exposure		$ 33.8
RFGH and RTB
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum loss exposure		1.0
Purchase of common equity, amount unfunded	$ 2.8
ATD Common Equity Investment
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum loss exposure		$ 0.6
REIT Sub
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Guarantor obligations, maximum exposure			$ 83.8

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CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities - Summary of CMBS I/O Strips (Details) $ in Thousands							3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Mar. 18, 2022 USD ($)	Feb. 03, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 29, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 11, 2021 USD ($)	May 04, 2021 USD ($)	Apr. 28, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) security strip note	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Number of CMBS I/O Strips | strip								12
Number of MSCR Notes | note								3
Number of mortgage backed securities | security								7
MSCR Notes
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 10,325	$ 10,313
Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 37,975	32,328
Interest Rate							7.28%	9.14%
Current Yield							7.45%	9.27%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, One
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 1,638	1,807
Interest Rate							2.02%	2.09%
Current Yield							14.56%	15.13%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Two
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 16,840	18,364
Interest Rate							2.98%	3.08%
Current Yield							15.98%	18.00%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Three
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 5,078	5,676
Interest Rate							1.59%	1.71%
Current Yield							15.52%	18.36%
Payments for purchase of securities					$ 15,000	$ 50,000
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Four
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 3,446	3,693
Interest Rate							3.39%	3.50%
Current Yield							15.73%	17.77%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Five
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 404	455
Interest Rate							2.31%	2.39%
Current Yield							18.91%	22.06%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Six
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 3,610	4,188
Interest Rate							1.19%	1.32%
Current Yield							13.34%	16.11%
Payments for purchase of securities	$ 50,000	$ 40,000	$ 35,000	$ 80,000
Multifamily | CMBS IO Strip Seven
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 815	1,117
Interest Rate							1.18%	1.28%
Current Yield							16.77%	19.34%
Multifamily | CMBS IO Strip Eight
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 2,270	2,445
Interest Rate							1.89%	1.96%
Current Yield							15.87%	18.03%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Nine
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 1,225	1,333
Interest Rate							3.10%	3.20%
Current Yield							13.74%	15.30%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Ten
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 227	250
Interest Rate							2.61%	2.70%
Current Yield							14.44%	16.21%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Eleven
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 3,400	3,726
Interest Rate							1.92%	2.04%
Current Yield							15.03%	17.47%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strip, Twelve
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 3,518	3,822
Interest Rate							2.95%	3.05%
Current Yield							13.70%	15.24%
Multifamily | CMBS I/O Strips
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 42,471	46,876
Interest Rate							2.46%	2.58%
Current Yield							15.32%	17.46%
Multifamily | MSCR Notes One
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 4,020	4,019
Interest Rate							13.02%	14.79%
Current Yield							13.02%	14.79%
Multifamily | MSCR Notes Two
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 5,000	4,988
Interest Rate							10.02%	11.79%
Current Yield							10.02%	11.79%
Multifamily | MSCR Notes Three
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 1,305	1,306
Interest Rate							10.37%	12.14%
Current Yield							11.40%	13.34%
Multifamily | MSCR Notes
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 10,325	10,313
Interest Rate							11.23%	13.00%
Current Yield							11.36%	13.15%
Multifamily | Mortgage Backed Securities 5
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 3,937	4,473
Interest Rate							9.29%	11.35%
Current Yield							9.27%	11.33%
Multifamily | Mortgage Backed Securities 7
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 5,737
Interest Rate								13.72%
Current Yield								13.75%
Single-Family | Mortgage Backed Securities 1
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 9,898	9,638
Interest Rate							7.08%	8.63%
Current Yield							7.39%	8.93%
Single-Family | Mortgage Backed Securities 2
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 9,173	8,966
Interest Rate							4.87%	4.87%
Current Yield							5.08%	5.03%
Single-Family | Mortgage Backed Securities 3
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 529	526
Interest Rate							6.23%	6.23%
Current Yield							6.33%	6.32%
Single-Family | Mortgage Backed Securities 4
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 845	819
Interest Rate							3.60%	3.60%
Current Yield							4.23%	4.15%
Self Storage | Mortgage Backed Securities 6
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Carrying Value								$ 7,856	$ 7,906
Interest Rate							9.57%	11.09%
Current Yield							9.59%	11.11%

XML

CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates, MSCR Notes and Mortgage Backed Securities - Schedule of Activity Related to CMBS I/O Strips (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Total	$ 1,497	$ (1,940)	$ 3,456	$ (7,247)
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Net interest earned	775	2,237	2,270	4,811
Debt securities, trading, unrealized gain (loss)	710	(3,904)	926	(11,555)
MSCR Notes
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Debt securities, trading, unrealized gain (loss)	(15)	44	13	(147)
Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Debt securities, trading, unrealized gain (loss)	$ 27	$ (317)	$ 247	$ (356)

XML

Real Estate Investments, net - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Feb. 01, 2022 unit	Dec. 31, 2021 unit
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of units in multifamily property				368
Charlotte, NC
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of units in multifamily property					204
Las Vegas, NV
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of units in multifamily property				368
Multifamily Property | Charlotte, NC
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate property, percent occupied		95.10%	96.10%
Real estate, effective rent per unit | $	$ 1,663	$ 1,689
Multifamily Property | Las Vegas, NV
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate property, percent occupied			94.00%
Real estate, effective rent per unit | $			$ 1,927

XML

Real Estate Investments, net - Investments in Properties (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	$ (3,370)	$ (1,940)
Real estate investment property, net	58,563	245,222
Land
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	0	0
Real estate investment property, net	10,996	36,586
Buildings and Improvements
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(3,025)	(1,752)
Real estate investment property, net	46,831	208,220
Intangible Lease Assets
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	0	0
Real estate investment property, net	0	0
Construction in Progress
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	0	0
Real estate investment property, net	401	2
Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(345)	(188)
Real estate investment property, net	335	414
Hudson Montford
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost	61,933	61,431
Hudson Montford | Land
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost	10,996	10,996
Hudson Montford | Buildings and Improvements
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost	49,856	49,831
Hudson Montford | Intangible Lease Assets
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost	0	0
Hudson Montford | Construction in Progress
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost	401	2
Hudson Montford | Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost	$ 680	602
Elysian at Hughes
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost		185,731
Elysian at Hughes | Land
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost		25,590
Elysian at Hughes | Buildings and Improvements
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost		160,141
Elysian at Hughes | Intangible Lease Assets
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost		0
Elysian at Hughes | Construction in Progress
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost		0
Elysian at Hughes | Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate investment property, at cost		$ 0

XML

Real Estate Investments, net - Revenue and Expenses of Property (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Interest expense	$ 13,197	$ 10,682	$ 38,503	$ 28,607
General and administrative expenses	2,524	1,677	7,053	5,308
Depreciation and amortization of real estate investment			1,430	2,435
Multifamily Property
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Other income	51	394	90	972
Total revenues	1,083	3,455	3,147	9,108
Interest expense	664	1,016	1,876	2,886
Real estate taxes and insurance	164	363	512	1,135
Property operating expenses	201	793	590	1,793
General and administrative expenses	39	56	111	247
Property management fees	31	79	90	220
Depreciation and amortization of real estate investment	476	545	1,430	2,435
Rate cap (income) expense	345	(420)	(181)	(923)
Debt service bridge	0	10	0	626
Casualty loss	19	0	(156)	0
Total expenses	1,939	2,442	4,272	8,419
Net income (loss) from consolidated real estate owned	(856)	1,013	(1,125)	689
Multifamily Property | Rental Income
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Rental income	$ 1,032	$ 3,061	$ 3,057	$ 8,136

XML

Debt - Summary of Financing Arrangements (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Oct. 18, 2022 USD ($)	Apr. 20, 2021 USD ($)	Apr. 15, 2020 subsidiary
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number Of Subsidiaries | subsidiary						3
Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount		$ 1,215,334	$ 1,349,019
Carrying value		$ 1,212,739	$ 1,345,101
Weighted average interest rate		4.23%	3.85%
Weighted average life (years)	4 years 1 month 6 days	3 years 2 months 12 days
Collateral
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average life (years)		5 years 8 months 12 days
Collateral outstanding face amount		$ 1,626,235	$ 1,768,303
Collateral amortized cost basis		1,300,354	1,624,062
Collateral carrying value		1,291,413	1,619,879
Collateral weighted average life (years)	6 years 4 months 24 days
Master Repurchase Agreements | Mizuho | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount		298,009	331,020
Carrying value		$ 298,009	$ 331,020
Weighted average interest rate		7.23%	5.83%
Weighted average life (years)	2 months 12 days	1 month 6 days
Master Repurchase Agreements | Mizuho | Collateral
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average life (years)		6 years 7 months 6 days
Collateral outstanding face amount		$ 853,574	$ 974,440
Collateral amortized cost basis		434,890	543,919
Collateral carrying value		425,949	539,736
Collateral weighted average life (years)	7 years
Asset Specific Financing | Freddie Mac | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount		617,648	628,633
Carrying value		$ 617,648	$ 628,633
Weighted average interest rate		2.34%	2.35%
Weighted average life (years)	5 years 4 months 24 days	4 years 7 months 6 days
Asset Specific Financing | Freddie Mac | Collateral
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average life (years)		4 years 7 months 6 days
Collateral outstanding face amount		$ 675,844	$ 688,046
Collateral amortized cost basis		708,003	726,531
Collateral carrying value		708,003	726,531
Collateral weighted average life (years)	5 years 4 months 24 days
Mezzanine loans | Freddie Mac | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount		59,252	59,252
Carrying value		$ 59,252	$ 59,252
Weighted average interest rate		0.30%	0.30%
Weighted average life (years)	7 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 6 months
Mezzanine loans | Freddie Mac | Collateral
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average life (years)		6 years 6 months
Collateral outstanding face amount		$ 96,817	$ 105,817
Collateral amortized cost basis		98,898	108,390
Collateral carrying value		$ 98,898	$ 108,390
Collateral weighted average life (years)	7 years 3 months 18 days
Multifamily Property Debt Due 2028
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, repayment premium, percent		1.00%	1.00%
Multifamily Property Debt Due 2028 | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount		$ 32,425	$ 32,480
Carrying value		$ 32,205	$ 32,176
Weighted average interest rate		7.78%	5.80%
Weighted average life (years)	5 years 4 months 24 days	4 years 8 months 12 days
Multifamily Property Debt Due 2028 | Collateral
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average life (years)		4 years 8 months 12 days
Collateral amortized cost basis		$ 58,563	$ 59,491
Collateral carrying value		58,563	59,491
Collateral weighted average life (years)	5 years 4 months 24 days
Multifamily Property Debt Due 2032 | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount			89,634
Carrying value			$ 89,060
Weighted average interest rate			3.52%
Weighted average life (years)	9 years 1 month 6 days
Multifamily Property Debt Due 2032 | Collateral
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Collateral amortized cost basis			$ 185,731
Collateral carrying value			185,731
Collateral weighted average life (years)	9 years 1 month 6 days
The 7.50 Percent Senior Notes Due 2025 | Unsecured Debt | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount		36,500	36,500
Carrying value		$ 35,768	$ 35,530
Weighted average interest rate		7.50%	7.50%
Weighted average life (years)	2 years 9 months 18 days	2 years 1 month 6 days
The 5.75 Percent Senior Notes Due 2026 | Unsecured Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount					$ 75,000
The 5.75 Percent Senior Notes Due 2026 | Unsecured Debt | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount		$ 165,000	$ 165,000
Carrying value		$ 163,357	$ 162,930
Weighted average interest rate		5.75%	5.75%
Weighted average life (years)	3 years 3 months 18 days	2 years 6 months
The 7.50 Percent Senior Notes Due 2027 | Unsecured Debt | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount		$ 6,500	$ 6,500	$ 6,500
Carrying value		$ 6,500	$ 6,500
Weighted average interest rate		7.50%	7.50%	7.50%
Weighted average life (years)	4 years 9 months 18 days	4 years 1 month 6 days

XML

Debt - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount	$ 1,215,334	$ 1,349,019
Master Repurchase Agreements | Collateral
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Collateral posted	1,200,000
Master Repurchase Agreements | Mizuho | Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount	$ 298,009	$ 331,020

XML

Debt - Schedule of Outstanding Principal Balances Related to SFR Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 676,900	$ 687,885
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 617,648
Interest Rate	2.34%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument One
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 465,690
Interest Rate	2.24%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Two
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 46,094
Interest Rate	2.14%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Three
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 34,112
Interest Rate	2.70%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Four
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 9,170
Interest Rate	2.79%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Five
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 9,284
Interest Rate	2.45%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Six
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 8,558
Interest Rate	3.51%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Seven
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 8,805
Interest Rate	3.30%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Eight
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 7,913
Interest Rate	3.14%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Nine
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 6,524
Interest Rate	2.98%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Ten
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 5,874
Interest Rate	2.99%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Eleven
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 5,435
Interest Rate	2.40%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Twelve
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 5,240
Interest Rate	3.14%
Senior Loan | Single Family Rental | Debt Instrument Thirteen
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 4,949
Interest Rate	2.64%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Mezzanine Loans
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 59,252
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument One | Mezzanine Loans | Wilmington, DE
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 8,723
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Two | Mezzanine Loans | White Marsh, MD
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 7,344
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Three | Mezzanine Loans | Philadelphia, PA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 6,353
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Four | Mezzanine Loans | Daytona Beach, FL
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 5,881
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Five | Mezzanine Loans | Laurel, MD
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 4,523
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Six | Mezzanine Loans | Temple Hills, MD
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 4,179
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Seven | Mezzanine Loans | Temple Hills, MD
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 3,390
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Eight | Mezzanine Loans | Lakewood, NJ
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 3,348
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Nine | Mezzanine Loans | North Aurora, IL
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 2,454
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Ten | Mezzanine Loans | Rosedale, MD
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 2,264
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Eleven | Mezzanine Loans | Cockeysville, MD
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 2,215
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Twelve | Mezzanine Loans | Laurel, MD
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 2,026
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Thirteen | Mezzanine Loans | Vancouver, WA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 1,836
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Fourteen | Mezzanine Loans | Tyler, TX
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 1,763
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Fifteen | Mezzanine Loans | Las Vegas, NV
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 1,307
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Sixteen | Mezzanine Loans | Atlanta, GA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 918
Interest Rate	0.30%
Senior Loan | Multifamily | Debt Instrument Seventeen | Mezzanine Loans | Des Moines, IA
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Secured financing agreements, net	$ 728
Interest Rate	0.30%

XML

Debt - Activity Related to Carrying Value of Secured Financing Agreements and Master Repurchase Agreements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Line Of Credit Facility [Roll Forward]
Adjustment to loans, held for investment, net on deconsolidation of real estate	$ (89,012)	$ 0
Repurchase of unsecured notes	0	(4,829)
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(4)	36
Secured Financing Agreements and Master Repurchase Agreements
Line Of Credit Facility [Roll Forward]
Balances as of January 1,	1,345,101	1,273,051
Adjustment to loans, held for investment, net on deconsolidation of real estate	(89,012)	0
Principal borrowings	44,892	252,796
Principal repayments	(88,888)	(161,999)
Repurchase of unsecured notes	0	(2,879)
Repurchase of unsecured notes, not yet settled	0	(1,950)
Accretion of discounts	666	572
Amortization of deferred financing costs	(20)	36
Balances as of September 30,	$ 1,212,739	$ 1,359,627

XML

Debt - Summary of Aggregate Scheduled Maturities of Total Debt (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2023	$ 298,009
2024	5,435
2025	82,594
2026	206,710
2027	6,500
Thereafter	616,086
Total long-term debt	1,215,334
Recourse
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2023	0
2024	0
2025	36,500
2026	197,426
2027	6,500
Thereafter	0
Total long-term debt	240,426
Non-recourse
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2023	298,009
2024	5,435
2025	46,094
2026	9,284
2027	0
Thereafter	616,086
Total long-term debt	$ 974,908

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Schedule of Carrying Values and Fair Values of Financial Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Assets
Common stock investment, at fair value	$ 60,709	$ 78,264
CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Assets
Debt securities, trading	42,471	46,876
MSCR Notes
Assets
Debt securities, trading	10,325	10,313
Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities, trading	37,975	32,328
Fair Value, Recurring
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	10,977	20,048
Restricted cash	1,942	299
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	329,344	255,254
Common stock investment, at fair value	60,709	78,264
Accrued interest	21,489	15,665
Accounts receivable and other assets	1,276	2,197
Assets, fair value disclosure	6,818,292	7,909,023
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	691,428	713,253
Master repurchase agreements	298,009	331,020
Unsecured notes, net	178,116	175,560
Mortgages payable, net	25,471	121,236
Accounts Payable And Other Accrued Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	3,405	6,236
Accrued interest payable	10,124	7,986
Financial and nonfinancial liabilities, fair value disclosure	6,432,475	7,605,095
Fair Value, Recurring | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	689,312	727,533
Fair Value, Recurring | CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Assets
Debt securities, trading	42,471	46,876
Fair Value, Recurring | MSCR Notes
Assets
Debt securities, trading	10,325	10,313
Fair Value, Recurring | Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities, trading	37,975	32,328
Fair Value, Recurring | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,225,922	6,249,804
Fair Value, Recurring | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	5,612,472	6,720,246
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 1
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	10,977	20,048
Restricted cash	1,942	299
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	0	0
Common stock investment, at fair value	0	0
Accrued interest	21,489	15,665
Accounts receivable and other assets	1,276	2,197
Assets, fair value disclosure	35,684	38,209
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	0	0
Master repurchase agreements	0	0
Unsecured notes, net	0	0
Mortgages payable, net	0	0
Accounts Payable And Other Accrued Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	3,405	6,236
Accrued interest payable	10,124	7,986
Financial and nonfinancial liabilities, fair value disclosure	13,529	14,222
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 1 | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 1 | CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Assets
Debt securities, trading	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 1 | MSCR Notes
Assets
Debt securities, trading	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 1 | Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities, trading	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 1 | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 1 | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 2
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Restricted cash	0	0
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	0	0
Common stock investment, at fair value	0	0
Accrued interest	0	0
Accounts receivable and other assets	0	0
Assets, fair value disclosure	5,703,243	6,809,763
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	0	0
Master repurchase agreements	0	0
Unsecured notes, net	178,116	175,560
Mortgages payable, net	0	0
Accounts Payable And Other Accrued Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Accrued interest payable	0	0
Financial and nonfinancial liabilities, fair value disclosure	5,404,038	6,425,364
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 2 | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 2 | CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Assets
Debt securities, trading	42,471	46,876
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 2 | MSCR Notes
Assets
Debt securities, trading	10,325	10,313
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 2 | Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities, trading	37,975	32,328
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 2 | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,225,922	6,249,804
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 2 | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	5,612,472	6,720,246
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 3
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Restricted cash	0	0
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	329,344	255,254
Common stock investment, at fair value	60,709	78,264
Accrued interest	0	0
Accounts receivable and other assets	0	0
Assets, fair value disclosure	1,079,365	1,061,051
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	691,428	713,253
Master repurchase agreements	298,009	331,020
Unsecured notes, net	0	0
Mortgages payable, net	25,471	121,236
Accounts Payable And Other Accrued Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Accrued interest payable	0	0
Financial and nonfinancial liabilities, fair value disclosure	1,014,908	1,165,509
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 3 | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	689,312	727,533
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 3 | CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Assets
Debt securities, trading	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 3 | MSCR Notes
Assets
Debt securities, trading	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 3 | Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities, trading	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 3 | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring | Level 3 | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	0	0
Carrying Value | Fair Value, Recurring
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	10,977	20,048
Restricted cash	1,942	299
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	320,151	256,147
Common stock investment, at fair value	60,709	78,264
Accrued interest	21,489	15,665
Accounts receivable and other assets	1,276	2,197
Assets, fair value disclosure	6,827,790	7,908,914
Liabilities
Secured financing agreements, net	676,900	687,885
Master repurchase agreements	298,009	331,020
Unsecured notes, net	205,625	204,960
Mortgages payable, net	32,205	121,236
Accounts Payable And Other Accrued Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	3,405	6,231
Accrued interest payable	10,124	7,986
Financial and nonfinancial liabilities, fair value disclosure	6,452,190	7,609,122
Carrying Value | Fair Value, Recurring | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	708,003	726,531
Carrying Value | Fair Value, Recurring | CMBS Structured Pass Through Certificates
Assets
Debt securities, trading	42,471	46,876
Carrying Value | Fair Value, Recurring | MSCR Notes
Assets
Debt securities, trading	10,325	10,313
Carrying Value | Fair Value, Recurring | Collateralized Mortgage-Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities, trading	37,975	32,328
Carrying Value | Fair Value, Recurring | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities
Bonds payable held in variable interest entities, at fair value	5,225,922	6,249,804
Carrying Value | Fair Value, Recurring | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | Mortgages
Assets
Loans receivable, fair value disclosure	$ 5,612,472	$ 6,720,246

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Significant Unobservable Inputs of Level 3 Assets (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Carrying Value	$ 60,709	$ 78,264
Discounted cash flow | Level 3
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Carrying Value	33,759
Market approach | Level 3
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Carrying Value	$ 26,950
Terminal cap rate | Discounted cash flow | Level 3 | Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	0.0513
Terminal cap rate | Discounted cash flow | Level 3 | Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	0.0563
Terminal cap rate | Discounted cash flow | Level 3 | Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	0.0538
Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Level 3 | Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	0.0775
Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Level 3 | Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	0.0975
Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Level 3 | Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	0.0875
NAV per share multiple | Market approach | Level 3 | Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	1.00
NAV per share multiple | Market approach | Level 3 | Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	1.21
NAV per share multiple | Market approach | Level 3 | Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Range	0.0111

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Changes in Level 3 Assets (Details) - Equity Securities $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Discounted cash flow
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 50,380
Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses)	(16,621)
Ending balance	33,759
Market approach
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	27,884
Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses)	(934)
Ending balance	$ 26,950

XML

Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions										3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		24 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Jul. 25, 2023	Apr. 24, 2023	Feb. 22, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Apr. 01, 2021	Mar. 03, 2021	Jul. 24, 2020	Mar. 09, 2020	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Mar. 09, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 13, 2023	Dec. 15, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 15, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 08, 2021
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock, issued (in shares)	17,518,900				17,366,930					17,518,900		17,518,900
Common stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01				$ 0.01				$ 0.01	$ 0.01		$ 0.01
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	17,231,913				17,079,943					17,231,913		17,231,913
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares)					1,645,000
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount				$ 20.0					$ 10.0
Stock repurchase program, period in force				2 years					2 years
Treasury stock shares acquired (in shares)														327,422
Repurchase of common stock														$ 4.8
Treasury stock acquired, average cost per share (in dollars per share)														$ 14.61
Treasury stock, shares retired (in shares)							40,435
Treasury stock, ending balance (in shares)							286,987
Stock issuance agreement, number of shares (in shares)																					13,758,906
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (in shares)	8,748,735				8,748,735							8,748,735
Common stock dividends declared (in usd per share)		$ 0.50	$ 0.50	$ 0.50						$ 0.6850	$ 0.5000	$ 2.0550	$ 1.5000
Common stock special dividends declared (in usd per share)		$ 0.185	$ 0.185	0.185
Common Stock
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting of stock-based compensation (in shares)												151,970	114,494
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	17,231,913				17,079,943					17,231,913	14,979,759	17,231,913	14,979,759		17,231,913			14,949,631		9,163,934
Issuance of common stock (in shares)													531,728
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (in shares)													5,169,603
Dividends payable, amount per share (in dollars per share)				$ 0.53125												$ 0.53125	$ 0.53125
Series A Preferred Stock
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares)	1,645,000				1,645,000					1,645,000	1,645,000	1,645,000	1,645,000		1,645,000			1,645,000		1,645,000
NREF OP IV REIT
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Sale of stock, number of shares issued (in shares)						125
Sale of stock, price per share (in dollars per share)						$ 1,000
Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction						$ 0.1
Preferred units, distribution per year rate						1200.00%
Preferred units, purchase price (in dollars per share)						$ 1,000
Preferred units, redemption value per share (in dollars per share)						$ 1,000
At-the-market Offering
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity distribution agreements, maximum aggregate sales price																			$ 100.0
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted (in shares)												440,055
Series A Preferred Stock
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock (in shares)								2,000,000
Preferred stock, dividend rate, percentage								85.00%
Preferred stock, redemption price per share (in dollars per share)								$ 24.00
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock								$ 48.0
Underwriting discount and commission expenses								1.2
Payments of stock issuance costs								$ 0.8
Preferred stock, liquidation preference per share (in dollars per share)								$ 25.00

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Stockholders' Equity - Number of Restricted Stock Units Granted, Vested, Forfeited and Outstanding (Details) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 $ / shares shares
Number of Units
Outstanding, beginning balance (in shares) | shares	577,360
Granted (in shares) | shares	440,055
Vested (in shares) | shares	(201,678)
Forfeited (in shares) | shares	0
Outstanding, ending balance (in shares) | shares	815,737
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 17.88
Granted, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	15.14
Vested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	17.27
Forfeited, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	0
Outstanding, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 16.71

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Stockholders' Equity - Vesting Schedule (Details) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) - shares	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
2024 (in shares)	315,246
2025 (in shares)	225,318
2026 (in shares)	170,502
2027 (in shares)	104,671
Nonvested restricted stock units (in shares)	815,737	577,360
February
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
2024 (in shares)	120,640
2025 (in shares)	120,646
2026 (in shares)	65,832
2027 (in shares)	0
Nonvested restricted stock units (in shares)	307,118
April
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
2024 (in shares)	126,042
2025 (in shares)	104,672
2026 (in shares)	104,670
2027 (in shares)	104,671
Nonvested restricted stock units (in shares)	440,055
May
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
2024 (in shares)	68,564
2025 (in shares)	0
2026 (in shares)	0
2027 (in shares)	0
Nonvested restricted stock units (in shares)	68,564

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Stockholders' Equity - Summary of ATM Program Sales (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	$ 0	$ 113,535,000
The 2022 At The Market Program (ATM)
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Gross Proceeds	$ 12,575,493
Shares of common stock issued (in shares)	531,728
Gross Average Sale Price per Share of Common Stock (in usd per share)	$ 23.65
Sales Commissions	$ 188,655
Offering Costs	888,249
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	$ 11,498,589
Average Price Per Share, net (in usd per share)	$ 21.62

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Earnings Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (15,550)	$ (9,289)	$ (3,236)	$ 6,967
Earnings for basic computations
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(2,374)	(1,889)	1,419	5,080
Net income for diluted computations	$ (17,924)	$ (11,178)	$ (1,817)	$ 12,047
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
Average number of common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	17,232	14,962	17,188	14,526
Average number of unvested restricted stock units (in shares)	816	578	723	569
Average number of OP Units and SubOP Units (in shares)	5,038	7,138	5,038	7,307
Average number of common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	23,086	22,678	22,949	22,402
Earnings per weighted average common share:
Earnings per share outstanding - basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.90)	$ (0.62)	$ (0.19)	$ 0.48
Earnings per share outstanding - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.90)	$ (0.62)	$ (0.19)	$ 0.48

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Noncontrolling Interests - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in the OP (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP, beginning balance	$ 96,501	$ 261,423
Adjustment to accounts payable and accrued liabilities on deconsolidation of real estate	297	0
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	1,419	5,080
Redemption of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	0	(113,535)
Distributions to redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP	(9,069)	(10,708)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP, ending balance	$ 89,148	$ 142,260

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Noncontrolling Interests - Consolidated Common Shares (Details) - shares	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	17,231,913	17,079,943
Combined outstanding (in shares)	22,270,295
OP Units | Noncontrolling Interest
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Partners' capital account units (in shares)	5,038,382

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Related Party Transactions - Additional Information (Details)																		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Aug. 16, 2023 USD ($)	May 25, 2023 USD ($)	Apr. 04, 2023 shares	Mar. 28, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 06, 2023 USD ($)	Jan. 09, 2023 USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) shares	Feb. 21, 2022 shares	Feb. 01, 2022 USD ($) unit	Apr. 20, 2021 USD ($)	Feb. 22, 2021 shares	Nov. 02, 2020 shares	Jun. 24, 2020 shares	May 29, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares	May 08, 2020 shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 29, 2023 USD ($)	May 17, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 08, 2022 USD ($)	Oct. 18, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 26, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 08, 2021 shares
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payment for management fee																				$ 0
Stock issuance agreement, number of shares (in shares) | shares																												13,758,906
Noncontrolling interest, shares redeemed (in shares) | shares	8,748,735								8,748,735
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests in the OP (in shares) | shares	8,748,735								8,748,735											8,748,735
Management fees																		$ 820,000	$ 822,000	$ 2,470,000	$ 2,330,000
Number of units in multifamily property | unit											368
Acquisitions of real estate investments																				0	184,552,000
Common equity interests transferred								$ 54,000
Preferred equity method investments	$ 14,800,000																	14,800,000		14,800,000						$ 65,300,000
Preferred equity method investment, guaranteed payment								$ 115,300,000
Gain on deconsolidation of real estate owned																		0	$ 0	1,490,000	$ 0
Redeemable Preferred Stock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Stock redeemed during the period																				50,500,000
Facility
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount	$ 1,215,334,000								$ 1,349,019,000									$ 1,215,334,000		$ 1,215,334,000
Weighted average interest rate	4.23%								3.85%									4.23%		4.23%
Elysian at Hughes
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Acquisitions of real estate investments											$ 184,100,000
Bridge Loan | Prime Rate
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Loans receivable, basis spread on variable rate																											1.50%
Las Vegas, NV
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Number of units in multifamily property | unit											368
Las Vegas, NV | Bridge Loan
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Financing receivable, after allowance for credit loss, current, total																											$ 13,500,000
Houston, TX
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Preferred equity method investments																							$ 4,200,000
Preferred equity method investments, unfunded	$ 200,000																	$ 200,000		$ 200,000
The 5.75 Percent Senior Notes Due 2026 | Unsecured Debt
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount												$ 75,000,000
Interest rate, stated percentage												5.75%
Percentage of par value												995.00%
Proceeds from issuance of debt												$ 73,100,000
The 5.75 Percent Senior Notes Due 2026 | Unsecured Debt | Facility
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount	$ 165,000,000								$ 165,000,000									$ 165,000,000		$ 165,000,000
Weighted average interest rate	5.75%								5.75%									5.75%		5.75%
The 7.50 Percent Senior Notes Due 2027 | Unsecured Debt | Facility
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount	$ 6,500,000								$ 6,500,000									$ 6,500,000		$ 6,500,000					$ 6,500,000
Weighted average interest rate	7.50%								7.50%									7.50%		7.50%					7.50%
11.00% Notes Due September 29, 2024
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount																						$ 5,000,000
Interest rate, stated percentage																						11.00%
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares																				440,055
Director | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | 2020 LTIP
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares				21,370						12,464							14,739
Officers and Other Employees | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | 2020 LTIP
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares				418,685						264,476					274,274
General Partner of Subsidiary | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | 2020 LTIP
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares													1,201	1,838
Directors, Officers and Certain Key Employees | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | 2020 LTIP
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares													233,385
REIT Sub and the Co-Guarantors
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Guarantor obligations, current carrying value																								$ 49,200,000
Guarantor obligations, maximum exposure																								97,600,000
REIT Sub
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Guarantor obligations, maximum exposure																								$ 83,800,000
NexPoint Real Estate Advisors VII, L.P.
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Percentage of annual advisory paid monthly																				15.00%
NexPoint Real Estate Advisors VII, L.P. | Maximum
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Percentage of direct payment of operating expense																				25.00%
Buffalo Pointe | Contribution Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Percentage of occupancy of multifamily property	90.50%																	90.50%		90.50%
Percentage of preferred equity investment current interest rate																				6.50%
Percentage of preferred equity investment deferred interest rate																				4.50%
Percentage of loan to value																				75.60%
Common stock conversion basis																				1
Buffalo Pointe | Contribution Agreement | NexPoint Real Estate Finance Operating Partnership, L.P.
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payments of distributions to affiliates		$ 1,700,000	$ 1,700,000		$ 1,700,000	$ 1,700,000	$ 1,700,000									$ 10,000,000
Partners' capital account, total sale of units (in shares) | shares																564,334
Book value of common stock per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares																$ 17.72
NexAnnuity Asset Management | The 5.75 Percent Senior Notes Due 2026 | Unsecured Debt
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Outstanding face amount												$ 2,500,000
Interest rate, stated percentage												5.75%

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Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details)			5 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Mar. 14, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 29, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	May 17, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 10, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 26, 2022 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Purchase of preferred equity, purchase amount		$ 50,000,000
Purchase of preferred equity, purchase amount, option		$ 25,000,000		$ 6,600,000
Preferred units, extension term				1 year
Preferred units, distribution rate		10000.00%
Preferred equity method investments				$ 14,800,000			$ 65,300,000
Multiple on invested capital	1.30
Preferred equity investment, placement fee	0.010
Phoenix, AZ
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity method investments	$ 24,000,000
Preferred equity method investments, unfunded				20,100,000
Houston, TX
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity method investments					$ 4,200,000
Preferred equity method investments, unfunded				$ 200,000
Multifamily Property | Forney, Texas
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Purchase of preferred equity, purchase amount						$ 30,300,000
Purchase of preferred equity, amount unfunded			$ 9,400,000
Purchase of common equity, purchase amount						4,300,000
Purchase of common equity, amount unfunded			3,300,000
Multifamily Property | Richmond, Virginia
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Purchase of preferred equity, purchase amount						30,300,000
Purchase of preferred equity, amount unfunded			16,100,000
Purchase of common equity, purchase amount						$ 4,300,000
Purchase of common equity, amount unfunded			$ 3,300,000
Preferred Equity Investment, Return, Tranche One
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Internal rate of return	20.00%
Minimum | Prime Rate
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity investment, basis spread on variable rate	0.050
Maximum | Prime Rate
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity investment, basis spread on variable rate	0.1125
NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. | Preferred Equity Investment, Return, Tranche One
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity investment, return	0
NexPoint Real Estate Finance, Inc. | Preferred Equity Investment, Return, Tranche Two
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity investment, return	0.10
Preferred Equity Issuer | Preferred Equity Investment, Return, Tranche One
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity investment, return	1
Preferred Equity Issuer | Preferred Equity Investment, Return, Tranche Two
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity investment, return	0.90
Unstabilized Special Purpose Limited Liability Company
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity, invested capital ratio				1.25
Stabilized Special Purpose Limited Liability Company
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Preferred equity, invested capital ratio				1.10
Preferred Units
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Total other commitment				$ 0

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Commitment and Contingencies - Schedule of Purchase Commitments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Unfunded Commitments	$ 58,800	$ 25,000
Preferred Equity
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Unfunded Commitments	52,200	25,000
Common Equity
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Unfunded Commitments	$ 6,600	$ 0

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Subsequent Events (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions								3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Nov. 02, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Oct. 30, 2023 $ / shares	Oct. 27, 2023 USD ($)	Oct. 24, 2023 $ / shares	Jul. 25, 2023 $ / shares	Apr. 24, 2023 $ / shares	Feb. 22, 2023 $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2023 unit $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2022 $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2023 unit $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2022 $ / shares	Nov. 09, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 01, 2022 unit
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of units in multifamily property | unit													368
Common stock dividends declared (in usd per share)					$ 0.50	$ 0.50	$ 0.50	$ 0.6850	$ 0.5000	$ 2.0550	$ 1.5000
Common stock special dividends declared (in usd per share)					$ 0.185	$ 0.185	$ 0.185
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock dividends declared (in usd per share)				$ 0.50
Common stock special dividends declared (in usd per share)		$ 0.185
Subsequent Event | Promissory note, held-for-investment
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Repayments of notes | $			$ 5.0
Subsequent Event | Series B Preferred Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Sale of stock, number of shares issued (in shares) | shares	16,000,000
Preferred stock, dividend rate, percentage	9.00%
Sale of stock, price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 25.00
Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction | $	$ 400.0
Selling commissions (as a percent)	7.00%
Dealer manager fee (as a percent)	3.00%
SPG Alexander JV LLC
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of units in multifamily property | unit								280		280
NREF Alexander Manager, LLC
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Equity method investment, ownership percentage								100.00%		100.00%
Preferred Equity Investment | Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Preferred equity method investments, redeemed | $												$ 11.0