UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K/A
Amendment No. 1
☒ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the year ended December 31, 2020
Commission File Number 001-38970
TUSCAN HOLDINGS CORP. II
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 83-3853706 | |
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
135 E. 57th St., 17th Floor New York, NY |
10022 | |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (zip code) |
(646) 948-7100
(Issuer’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name
of Each Exchange on Which Registered | ||
| Units, each consisting of one share of common stock and one-half of one redeemable warrant | THCAU | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC | ||
| Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share | THCA | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC | ||
| Redeemable warrants, exercisable for shares of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share | THCAW | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934 during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirement for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer ☒ | Smaller reporting company ☒ |
| Emerging growth company ☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☒ No ☐
The aggregate market value of the common stock outstanding, other than shares held by persons who may be deemed affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing price for the common stock as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter ($10.05 as of June 30, 2020), as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market, was $173,362,500.
As of March 17, 2021, 19,488,403 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, were issued and outstanding.
Documents Incorporated by Reference: None.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Tuscan Holdings II Corp. (the “Company,” “we”, “our” or “us”) is filing this Amendment No. 1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A, or this Amendment, to amend our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2020, originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC”) on March 19, 2021, or the “Original Filing,” to restate our financial statements as of and for the periods ended July 16, 2019, September 30, 2019, December 31, 2019, March 31, 2020, June 30, 2020 September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2020 included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 19, 2021 (collectively, the “Original Financial Statements”).
The restatement primarily relates to consideration of the factors in determining whether to classify contracts that may be settled in an entity’s own stock as equity of the entity or as an asset or liability in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity. In the Original Financial Statements, the Company classified the public warrants and private placement warrants issued in connection with the Company’s initial public offering (the “Warrants”) as equity instruments. Upon further consideration of the rules and guidance, management of the Company concluded that the Private Warrants are precluded from equity classification. As a result, the Private Warrants should be recorded as liabilities on the balance sheet and measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, with changes in fair value recognized in the statement of operations.
As a result, on June 25, 2021, after consultation with Marcum LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, the Company’s board of directors concluded that the Original Financial Statements should no longer be relied upon and are to be restated in order to correct the classification error.
The Company’s accounting for the Private Warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities did not have any effect on the Company’s previously reported investments held in trust, cash flows or cash.
The Company has not amended its Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 16, 2019 or its subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the periods affected by the restatement. The financial information that has been previously filed or otherwise reported is superseded by the information in this Amendment, and the financial statements and related financial information contained in such previously filed report should no longer be relied upon.
The restatement is more fully described in Note 2 of the notes to the financial statements included herein.
In addition, as required by Rule 12b-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, new certifications by the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer are filed as exhibits (in Exhibits 31.1, 31.2, 32.1, 32.2, and 32.3) to this Amendment under Item 15 of Part IV hereof.
Except as described above, this Amendment does not amend, update or change any other items or disclosures contained in the Original Filing, and accordingly, this Amendment does not reflect or purport to reflect any information or events occurring after the original filing date or modify or update those disclosures affected by subsequent events. Accordingly, this Amendment should be read in conjunction with the Original Filing and the Company’s other filings with the SEC. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Original Filing.
Restatement Background
On April 12, 2021, the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance of the SEC issued a public statement (the “Public Statement”) on accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by special purpose acquisition companies (“SPACs”). The Public Statement discussed “certain features of warrants issued in SPAC transactions” that “may be common across many entities.” The Public Statement indicated that when one or more of such features is included in a warrant, the warrant “should be classified as a liability measured at fair value, with changes in fair value each period reported in earnings.”
This Amendment reflects the reclassification of the warrants in light of the Public Statement, subsequent to the filing of the Original Financial Statements (see Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and Note 2 of the notes to the financial statements included herein for more details on the impact of the restatement errors on our financial statements).
Internal Control and Disclosure Controls Considerations
In connection with this restatement, the Company’s management has concluded that in light of the classification error described above, a material weakness exists in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.
Items Amended In This Amendment
For the convenience of the reader, this Amendment sets forth the Original Filing in its entirety, as amended to reflect the restatement. No attempt has been made in this Form 10-K/A to update other disclosures presented in the Original Filing, except as required to reflect the effects of the restatement. The following items have been amended as a result of the restatement:
| ● | Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors. |
| ● | Part II – Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
| ● | Part II – Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. |
| ● | Part II – Item 9A. Controls and Procedures. |
| ● | Part IV – Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. |
This Amendment does not reflect adjustments for events occurring after March 19, 2021, the date of the filing of the Original Filing, except to the extent they are otherwise required to be included and discussed herein and did not substantively modify or update the disclosures herein other than as required to reflect the adjustments described above. This Amendment should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC since the date of filing of the Original Filing and all of the Company’s filings after the date hereof.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS; RISK FACTORS SUMMARY
This annual report, including, without limitation, statements under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the words “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “potential,” “projects,” “predicts,” “continue,” or “should,” or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. There can be no assurance that actual results will not materially differ from expectations. Such statements include, but are not limited to, any statements relating to our ability to consummate any acquisition or other business combination and any other statements that are not statements of current or historical facts. These statements are based on management’s current expectations, but actual results may differ materially due to various factors, including, but not limited to our:
| ● | ability to complete our initial business combination; | |
| ● | success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, our officers, key employees or directors following an initial business combination; | |
| ● | officers and directors allocating their time to other businesses and potentially having conflicts of interest with our business or in approving our initial business combination, as a result of which they would then receive expense reimbursements; | |
| ● | potential ability to obtain additional financing to complete an initial business combination; | |
| ● | pool of prospective target businesses; | |
| ● | failure to maintain the listing on, or the delisting of our securities from, Nasdaq or an inability to have our securities listed on Nasdaq or another national securities exchange following our initial business combination; | |
| ● | the ability of our officers and directors to generate a number of potential investment opportunities; | |
| ● | potential change in control if we acquire one or more target businesses for stock; | |
| ● | public securities’ potential liquidity and trading; | |
| ● | lack of a market for our securities; | |
| ● | use of proceeds not held in the trust account or available to us from interest income on the trust account balance; or | |
| ● | our financial performance. |
The forward-looking statements contained in this annual report are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. Future developments affecting us may not be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) and other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described under the heading “Item 1A, Risk Factors.” Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws. These risks and others described under “Item 1A, Risk Factors” may not be exhaustive.
By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. We caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and that our actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and developments in the industry in which we operate may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report. In addition, even if our results or operations, financial condition and liquidity, and developments in the industry in which we operate are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report, those results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods.
Risk Factors Summary
Investors should consider the risks and uncertainties described below that may affect our business and future financial performance. These and other risks and uncertainties are more fully described in “Item 1A, Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect us. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
As more fully set forth under “Item 1A, Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K, principal risks and uncertainties that may affect our business, financial condition or results of operations include the following risks:
| ● | We have restated our financial statements for several prior periods. |
| ● | The changes in fair value of our Private Warrants could have a material effect on our financial results. |
| ● | We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. If we are unable to develop and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results in a timely manner, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and materially and adversely affect our business and operating results. |
| ● | If we do not complete our initial business combination by September 30, 2021 (or such later date as may be approved by our stockholders), we will be required to cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, and we would redeem our public shares for a pro rata portion of the funds in the trust account, and we would liquidate. In such event, our warrants would expire worthless. |
| ● | Your only opportunity to affect the investment decision regarding a potential business combination may be limited to the exercise of your right to convert your shares to cash. |
| ● | Our Sponsor controls a substantial interest in us and thus may influence certain actions requiring a stockholder vote. |
| ● | The ability of our public stockholders to exercise their conversion rights or sell their shares to us in a tender offer may not allow us to effectuate the most desirable business combination or optimize our capital structure. |
| ● | We may require stockholders who wish to convert their shares in connection with a proposed business combination to comply with specific requirements for conversion that may make it more difficult for them to exercise their conversion rights. |
| ● | We may issue additional shares of capital stock or debt securities to complete a business combination, which would reduce the equity interest of our stockholders and likely cause a change in control of our ownership. |
| ● | We may be unable to obtain additional financing, if required, to complete a business combination or to fund the operations and growth of the target business. |
| ● | We may not obtain a fairness opinion with respect to the target business that we seek to acquire and therefore you may be relying solely on the judgment of our board of directors in approving a proposed business combination. |
| ● | Resources could be wasted in researching acquisitions that are not completed, which could materially adversely affect subsequent attempts to locate and acquire or merge with another business. |
| ● | Our search for a business combination, and any target business with which we ultimately consummate a business combination, may be materially adversely affected by the recent coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak and other events, and the status of debt and equity markets. |
| ● | As the number of special purpose acquisition companies evaluating targets increases, attractive targets may become scarcer and there may be more competition for attractive targets. This could increase the cost of our initial business combination and could even result in our inability to find a target or to consummate an initial business combination. |
| ● | We may issue our shares to investors in connection with our initial business combination at a price that is less than the prevailing market price of our shares at that time. |
| ● | We may have a limited ability to assess the management of a prospective target business and, as a result, may complete our initial business combination with a target business whose management may not have the skills, qualifications or abilities to manage a public company. |
| ● | If we consummate a business combination with a target company with assets located outside of the United States, our results of operations and prospects could be subject to the economic, political, and legal policies, developments, and conditions in the country in which we operate. Further, exchange rate fluctuations and currency policies may cause our ability to succeed in the international markets to be diminished. |
| ● | There may be tax consequences to our business combinations that may adversely affect us. |
| ● | Our officers and directors presently have fiduciary or contractual obligations to other entities and, accordingly, may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented. |
| ● | Our officers and directors may have interests in a potential business combination that are different than yours, which may create conflicts of interest. |
| ● | We may amend the terms of the warrants in a manner that may be adverse to holders of public warrants with the approval by a majority of the then outstanding warrants. |
| ● | We may redeem your unexpired warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to you, thereby making your warrants worthless. |
| ● | Nasdaq may delist our securities from trading on its exchange, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in our securities and subject us to additional trading restrictions. |
| ● | If third parties bring claims against us, and if our directors decide not to enforce the indemnification obligations of the Sponsor, or if the Sponsor does not have the funds to indemnify us, the proceeds held in the trust account could be reduced and the per-share redemption amount received by stockholders may be less than $10.00 per share. |
| ● | Provisions in our charter and bylaws and Delaware law may inhibit a takeover of us, which could limit the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for our common stock and could entrench management. |
| ● | Our charter provides, subject to limited exceptions, that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder litigation matters, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or stockholders. |
| ● | Our stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against us to the extent of distributions received by them upon redemption of their shares. |
| ● | We are a newly formed company with no operating history, and, accordingly, you have no basis on which to evaluate our ability to achieve our business objective. |
| ● | If we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we may be required to institute burdensome compliance requirements and our activities may be restricted, which may make it difficult for us to complete our initial business combination. |
| ● | We are an emerging growth company and smaller reporting company within the meaning of the Securities Act, and if we take advantage of certain exemptions from disclosure requirements available to emerging growth companies, this could make our securities less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare our performance with other public companies. |
TUSCAN HOLDINGS CORP. II
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Form 10-K”), references to the “Company” and to “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Tuscan Holdings Corp. II
We are a blank check company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware on March 5, 2019. We were formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. Our efforts to identify a prospective target business will not be limited to a particular industry or geographic location.
On March 5, 2019, we issued an aggregate of 3,593,750 shares (“founders’ shares”) of our common stock, $0.0001 par value per share (“common stock”) for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000, or approximately $0.007 per share, to Tuscan Holdings Acquisition II LLC (the “Sponsor”). On July 11, 2019, we effectuated a stock dividend of 0.2 shares of common stock for each outstanding share of common stock, resulting in the Sponsor holding an aggregate of 4,312,500 founders’ shares.
In March 2019, we also issued to designees of EarlyBirdCapital, Inc., the representative of the underwriters in our initial public offering (“IPO”), an aggregate of 187,500 shares of common stock (after giving effect to the stock dividend referred to above) (“representative shares”) at a price of $0.0001 per share.
On July 16, 2019, we consummated the IPO of 15,000,000 units (“units”). Each Unit consists of one share of common stock and one-half of one redeemable warrant (“warrant”), with each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share. The units were sold at an offering price of $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of $150,000,000. We refer to the shares of common stock underlying the units sold in our IPO as our “Public Shares.”
Simultaneously with the consummation of the IPO, we consummated the private placement (“Private Placement”) of 215,000 units (“private units”) at a price of $10.00 per private unit and 2,150,000 warrants (“private warrants”) at a price of $1.00 per private warrant, generating total proceeds of $4,300,000. The private units and private warrants were sold to the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designees. The private units and private warrants are identical to the units and warrants sold in the IPO, except that the private warrants and the warrants underlying the private units are non-redeemable and may be exercised on a cashless basis, in each case so long as they continue to be held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. The purchasers of private units and private warrants, and the holders of founders’ shares, have agreed (A) to vote the common stock underlying the private units (“private shares”) and the founders’ shares held by them in favor of any proposed business combination, (B) not to convert any private shares or founders’ shares into the right to receive cash from the trust account in connection with a shareholder vote to approve the Company’s proposed initial business combination or sell any private shares or founders’ shares to the Company in a tender offer in connection with a proposed initial business combination and (C) that the private shares and founders’ shares shall not participate in any liquidating distribution upon winding up if a business combination is not consummated within the required time period. Additionally, the purchasers of private unit, private warrants, and founders’ shares have agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any of the securities purchased by them, including the underlying common stock and warrants (except to certain permitted transferees), for certain periods of time.
On July 19, 2019, we consummated the sale of an additional 2,250,000 units that were subject to the underwriters’ over-allotment option at $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of $22,500,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the sale of additional units, we consummated the sale of an additional 22,500 private units at $10.00 per private unit and an additional 225,000 private warrants at a price of $1.00 per private warrant, generating total proceeds of $450,000. Following the closing of the over-allotment option and sale of additional private units and private warrants, an aggregate amount of $172,500,000 was placed in the Company’s trust account established in connection with the IPO (the “trust account”).
1
The Company’s prospectus for its IPO and its amended and restated certificate of incorporation (“charter”) provided that the Company had only until April 16, 2021 to complete a business combination. The Company was unable to complete its initial business combination by the April 16, 2021 deadline and on April 14, 2021, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the charter to extend the date by which the Company must complete a business combination from April 16, 2021 to September 30, 2021. In connection with the amendment, holders of an aggregate of 2,499,097 shares of Tuscan’s common stock exercised their right to redeem their shares for an aggregate of approximately $25,225,815 in cash. The Company’s stockholders also approved a proposal providing for the early winding up of the Company and redemption of 100% of the outstanding public shares if the board of directors determines, at any time prior to September 30, 2021, that the Company will be unable to consummate an initial business combination by September 30, 2021, and a proposal to elect two members of the Company’s board of directors.
Effecting a Business Combination
General
We are not presently engaged in, and we will not engage in, any substantive commercial business for an indefinite period of time. We intend to utilize cash derived from the proceeds of our IPO and the Private Placement, our capital stock, debt or a combination of these in effecting a business combination which has not yet been identified. Accordingly, investors in our securities are investing without first having an opportunity to evaluate the specific merits or risks of any one or more business combinations. A business combination may involve the acquisition of, or merger with, a company which does not need substantial additional capital but which desires to establish a public trading market for its shares, while avoiding what it may deem to be adverse consequences of undertaking a public offering itself. These include time delays, significant expense, loss of voting control and compliance with various federal and state securities laws. In the alternative, we may seek to consummate a business combination with a company that may be financially unstable or in its early stages of development or growth. While we may seek to effect simultaneous business combinations with more than one target business, we will probably have the ability, as a result of our limited resources, to effect only a single business combination.
Sources of Target Businesses
We expect that our principal means of identifying potential target businesses will be through the extensive contacts and relationships of our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers and directors. While our officers and directors are not required to commit any specific amount of time in identifying or performing due diligence on potential target businesses, our officers and directors believe that the relationships they have developed over their careers and their access to our Sponsor’s contacts and resources will generate a number of potential business combination opportunities that will warrant further investigation. We also anticipate that target business candidates will be brought to our attention from various unaffiliated sources, including investment bankers, venture capital funds, private equity funds, leveraged buyout funds, management buyout funds and other members of the financial community. Target businesses may be brought to our attention by such unaffiliated sources as a result of being solicited by us through calls or mailings. These sources may also introduce us to target businesses they think we may be interested in on an unsolicited basis, since many of these sources will have read our prospectus and know what types of businesses we are targeting. Our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers and directors, as well as their affiliates, may also bring to our attention target business candidates that they become aware of through their business contacts as a result of formal or informal inquiries or discussions they may have, as well as attending trade shows or conventions. Our officers and directors must present to us all target business opportunities that have a fair market value of at least 80% of the assets held in the trust account (excluding deferred underwriting commissions and taxes payable on the income accrued in the trust account) at the time of the agreement to enter into the initial business combination, subject to any pre-existing fiduciary or contractual obligations. We may also engage the services of professional firms or other individuals that specialize in business acquisitions in which case we may pay a finder’s fee, consulting fee or other compensation to be determined in an arm’s length negotiation based on the terms of the transaction.
2
Selection of Target Business and Structuring of a Business Combination
Subject to the limitations that a target business have a fair market value of at least 80% of the balance in the trust account (excluding taxes payable on the income earned on the trust account) at the time of the execution of a definitive agreement for our initial business combination, as described below in more detail, and that we must acquire a controlling interest in the target business, our management has virtually unrestricted flexibility in identifying and selecting a prospective target business. We have not established any specific attributes or criteria (financial or otherwise) for prospective target businesses. In evaluating a prospective target business, our management may consider a variety of factors, including one or more of the following:
| ● | financial condition and results of operation; | |
| ● | growth potential; | |
| ● | brand recognition and potential; | |
| ● | experience and skill of management and availability of additional personnel; | |
| ● | capital requirements; | |
| ● | competitive position; | |
| ● | barriers to entry; | |
| ● | stage of development of the products, processes or services; | |
| ● | existing distribution and potential for expansion; | |
| ● | degree of current or potential market acceptance of the products, processes or services; | |
| ● | proprietary aspects of products and the extent of intellectual property or other protection for products or formulas; | |
| ● | impact of regulation on the business; | |
| ● | regulatory environment of the industry; | |
| ● | the target business’s compliance with U.S. federal law, including the Controlled Substances Act; | |
| ● | costs associated with effecting the business combination; | |
| ● | industry leadership, sustainability of market share and attractiveness of market industries in which a target business participates; and | |
| ● | macro competitive dynamics in the industry within which the company competes. |
These criteria are not intended to be exhaustive. Any evaluation relating to the merits of a particular business combination will be based, to the extent relevant, on the above factors as well as other considerations deemed relevant by our management in effecting a business combination consistent with our business objective. In evaluating a prospective target business, we will conduct an extensive due diligence review which will encompass, among other things, meetings with incumbent management and inspection of facilities, as well as review of financial and other information which is made available to us. This due diligence review will be conducted either by our management or by unaffiliated third parties we may engage, although we have no current intention to engage any such third parties.
3
The time and costs required to select and evaluate a target business and to structure and complete the business combination cannot presently be ascertained with any degree of certainty. Any costs incurred with respect to the identification and evaluation of a prospective target business with which a business combination is not ultimately completed will result in a loss to us and reduce the amount of capital available to otherwise complete a business combination.
We may enter into a business combination with a target business that is affiliated with any of our officers, directors or Sponsor. However, we would only do so if (i) such transaction is approved by a majority of our disinterested independent directors and (ii) we obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm, or another independent entity that commonly renders valuation opinions, that the business combination is fair to our unaffiliated stockholders from a financial point of view.
Fair Market Value of Target Business
Nasdaq listing rules require that the target business or businesses that we acquire must collectively have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance of the funds in the trust account (excluding taxes payable on the income earned on the trust account) at the time of the execution of a definitive agreement for our initial business combination, although we may acquire a target business whose fair market value significantly exceeds 80% of the trust account balance.
We currently anticipate structuring a business combination to acquire 100% of the equity interests or assets of the target business or businesses. We may, however, structure our initial business combination where we merge directly with the target business or where we acquire less than 100% of such interests or assets of the target business in order to meet certain objectives of the target management team or shareholders or for other reasons, but we will only complete such business combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Even if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the voting securities of the target, our stockholders prior to the business combination may collectively own a minority interest in the post-transaction company, depending on valuations ascribed to the target and us in the business combination transaction. For example, we could pursue a transaction in which we issue a substantial number of new shares in exchange for all of the outstanding capital stock of a target. In this case, we could acquire a 100% controlling interest in the target; however, as a result of the issuance of a substantial number of new shares, our stockholders immediately prior to our initial business combination could own less than a majority of our outstanding shares subsequent to our initial business combination. If less than 100% of the equity interests or assets of a target business or businesses are owned or acquired by the post-transaction company, the portion of such business or businesses that is owned or acquired is what will be valued for purposes of the 80% of trust account balance test. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if we are not then listed on Nasdaq for whatever reason, we would no longer be required to meet the foregoing 80% fair market value test.
In order to consummate such an acquisition, we may issue a significant amount of our debt or equity securities to the sellers of such businesses and/or seek to raise additional funds through a private offering of debt or equity securities. Since we have no specific business combination under consideration, we have not entered into any such fund raising arrangement and have no current intention of doing so. The fair market value of the target will be determined by our board of directors based upon one or more standards generally accepted by the financial community (such as actual and potential sales, earnings, cash flow and/or book value). The proxy solicitation materials or tender offer documents used by us in connection with any proposed transaction will provide public stockholders with our analysis of the fair market value of the target business, as well as the basis for our determinations. If our board is not able to independently determine that the target business has a sufficient fair market value, we will obtain an opinion from an unaffiliated, independent investment banking firm, or another independent entity that commonly renders valuation opinions, with respect to the satisfaction of such criteria.
We will not be required to obtain an opinion from an investment banking firm as to the fair market value if our board of directors independently determines that the target business complies with the 80% threshold.
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Lack of Business Diversification
We may seek to effect a business combination with more than one target business, and there is no required minimum valuation standard for any single target at the time of such acquisition. We expect to complete only a single business combination, although this process may entail the simultaneous acquisitions of several operating businesses. Therefore, at least initially, the prospects for our success may be entirely dependent upon the future performance of a single business operation. Unlike other entities which may have the resources to complete several business combinations of entities operating in multiple industries or multiple areas of a single industry, it is probable that we will not have the resources to diversify our operations or benefit from the possible spreading of risks or offsetting of losses. By consummating a business combination with only a single entity, our lack of diversification may:
| ● | subject us to numerous economic, competitive and regulatory developments, any or all of which may have a substantial adverse impact upon the particular industry in which we may operate subsequent to a business combination, and | |
| ● | result in our dependency upon the performance of a single operating business or the development or market acceptance of a single or limited number of products, processes or services. |
If we determine to simultaneously acquire several businesses and such businesses are owned by different sellers, we will need for each of such sellers to agree that our purchase of its business is contingent on the simultaneous closings of the other acquisitions, which may make it more difficult for us, and delay our ability, to complete the business combination. With multiple acquisitions, we could also face additional risks, including additional burdens and costs with respect to possible multiple negotiations and due diligence investigations (if there are multiple sellers) and the additional risks associated with the subsequent assimilation of the operations and services or products of the acquired companies in a single operating business.
Limited Ability to Evaluate the Target Business’ Management
Although we intend to scrutinize the management of a prospective target business when evaluating the desirability of effecting a business combination, we cannot assure you that our assessment of the target business’ management will prove to be correct. In addition, we cannot assure you that the future management will have the necessary skills, qualifications or abilities to manage a public company. Furthermore, the future role of our officers and directors, if any, in the target business following a business combination cannot presently be stated with any certainty. While it is possible that some of our key personnel will remain associated in senior management or advisory positions with us following a business combination, it is unlikely that they will devote their full time efforts to our affairs subsequent to a business combination. Moreover, they would only be able to remain with the Company after the consummation of a business combination if they are able to negotiate employment or consulting agreements in connection with the business combination. Such negotiations would take place simultaneously with the negotiation of the business combination and could provide for them to receive compensation in the form of cash payments and/or our securities for services they would render to the Company after the consummation of the business combination. While the personal and financial interests of our key personnel may influence their motivation in identifying and selecting a target business, their ability to remain with the company after the consummation of a business combination will not be the determining factor in our decision as to whether or not we will proceed with any potential business combination. Additionally, we cannot assure you that our officers and directors will have significant experience or knowledge relating to the operations of the particular target business.
Following a business combination, we may seek to recruit additional managers to supplement the incumbent management of the target business. We cannot assure you that we will have the ability to recruit additional managers, or that any such additional managers we do recruit will have the requisite skills, knowledge or experience necessary to enhance the incumbent management.
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Stockholders May Not Have the Ability to Approve an Initial Business Combination
In connection with any proposed business combination, we will either (1) seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination at a meeting called for such purpose at which stockholders may seek to convert their shares, regardless of whether they vote for or against the proposed business combination or don’t vote at all, into their pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account (net of taxes payable), or (2) provide our stockholders with the opportunity to sell their shares to us by means of a tender offer (and thereby avoid the need for a stockholder vote) for an amount equal to their pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account (net of taxes payable), in each case subject to the limitations described herein. If we determine to engage in a tender offer, such tender offer will be structured so that each stockholder may tender all of his, her or its shares rather than some pro rata portion of his, her or its shares. The decision as to whether we will seek stockholder approval of a proposed business combination or will allow stockholders to sell their shares to us in a tender offer will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors such as the timing of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would otherwise require us to seek stockholder approval. Unlike other blank check companies which require stockholder votes and conduct proxy solicitations in conjunction with their initial business combinations and related conversions of public shares for cash upon consummation of such initial business combination even when a vote is not required by law, we will have the flexibility to avoid such stockholder vote and allow our stockholders to sell their shares pursuant to Rule 13e-4 and Regulation 14E of the Exchange Act which regulate issuer tender offers. In that case, we will file tender offer documents with the SEC which will contain substantially the same financial and other information about the initial business combination as is required under the SEC’s proxy rules. We will consummate our initial business combination only if we have net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon such consummation and, if we seek stockholder approval, a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock voted are voted in favor of the business combination.
We chose our net tangible asset threshold of $5,000,001 to ensure that we would avoid being subject to Rule 419 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. However, if we seek to consummate an initial business combination with a target business that imposes any type of working capital closing condition or requires us to have a minimum amount of funds available from the trust account upon consummation of such initial business combination, we may need to have more than $5,000,001 in net tangible assets upon consummation and this may force us to seek third party financing which may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. As a result, we may not be able to consummate such initial business combination and we may not be able to locate another suitable target within the applicable time period, if at all.
Our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers and directors have agreed (1) to vote any shares of common stock owned by them in favor of any proposed business combination, (2) not to convert any shares of common stock in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a proposed initial business combination and (3) not sell any shares of common stock in any tender in connection with a proposed initial business combination.
If we hold a meeting to approve a proposed business combination and a significant number of stockholders vote, or indicate an intention to vote, against such proposed business combination, our officers, directors, Sponsor, initial stockholders or their affiliates could make purchases of our securities in the open market or in private transactions in order to influence the vote. Notwithstanding the foregoing, our officers, directors, Sponsor, initial stockholders and their affiliates will not make purchases of shares of common stock if the purchases would violate Section 9(a)(2) or Rule 10b-5 of the Exchange Act, which are rules designed to stop potential manipulation of a company’s stock.
Conversion Rights
At any meeting called to approve an initial business combination, public stockholders may seek to convert their shares, regardless of whether they vote for or against the proposed business combination or do not vote at all, into their pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account as of two business days prior to the consummation of the initial business combination, less any taxes then due but not yet paid. Alternatively, we may provide our public stockholders with the opportunity to sell their shares of our common stock to us through a tender offer (and thereby avoid the need for a stockholder vote) for an amount equal to their pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, less any taxes then due but not yet paid.
Our Sponsor, initial stockholders and our officers and directors will not have conversion rights with respect to any shares of common stock owned by them, directly or indirectly, whether acquired prior our IPO or purchased by them in the IPO or in the aftermarket. Additionally, the holders of the representative shares will not have conversion rights with respect to the representative shares.
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We may require public stockholders, whether they are a record holder or hold their shares in “street name,” to either (i) physically tender their certificates to our transfer agent or (ii) deliver their shares to the transfer agent electronically using Depository Trust Company’s DWAC (Deposit/Withdrawal At Custodian) System, at the holder’s option, in each case prior to a date set forth in the proxy materials sent in connection with the proposal to approve the business combination.
There is a nominal cost associated with the above-referenced delivery process and the act of certificating the shares or delivering them through the DWAC System. The transfer agent will typically charge the tendering broker a nominal fee and it would be up to the broker whether or not to pass this cost on to the holder. However, this fee would be incurred regardless of whether or not we require holders seeking to exercise conversion rights. The need to deliver shares is a requirement of exercising conversion rights regardless of the timing of when such delivery must be effectuated. However, in the event we require stockholders seeking to exercise conversion rights prior to the consummation of the proposed business combination and the proposed business combination is not consummated this may result in an increased cost to stockholders.
Any proxy solicitation materials we furnish to stockholders in connection with a vote for any proposed business combination will indicate whether we are requiring stockholders to satisfy such certification and delivery requirements. Accordingly, a stockholder will have from the time the stockholder received our proxy statement up until the vote on the proposal to approve the business combination to deliver his shares if he wishes to seek to exercise his conversion rights. This time period varies depending on the specific facts of each transaction. However, as the delivery process can be accomplished by the stockholder, whether or not he is a record holder or his shares are held in “street name,” in a matter of hours by simply contacting the transfer agent or his broker and requesting delivery of his shares through the DWAC System, we believe this time period is sufficient for an average investor. However, we cannot assure you of this fact. Please see the risk factor titled “In connection with any stockholder meeting called to approve a proposed initial business combination, we may require stockholders who wish to convert their shares in connection with a proposed business combination to comply with specific requirements for conversion that may make it more difficult for them to exercise their conversion rights prior to the deadline for exercising their rights” for further information on the risks of failing to comply with these requirements.
The foregoing is different from the procedures historically used by some blank check companies. Traditionally, in order to perfect conversion rights in connection with a blank check company’s business combination, the company would distribute proxy materials for the stockholders’ vote on an initial business combination, and a holder could simply vote against a proposed business combination and check a box on the proxy card indicating such holder was seeking to exercise his conversion rights. After the business combination was approved, the company would contact such stockholder to arrange for him to deliver his certificate to verify ownership. As a result, the stockholder then had an “option window” after the consummation of the business combination during which he could monitor the price of the company’s stock in the market. If the price rose above the conversion price, he could sell his shares in the open market before actually delivering his shares to the company for cancellation. As a result, the conversion rights, to which stockholders were aware they needed to commit before the stockholder meeting, would become a “continuing” right surviving past the consummation of the business combination until the holder delivered its certificate. The requirement for physical or electronic delivery prior to the meeting ensures that a holder’s election to convert his shares is irrevocable once the business combination is approved.
Any request to convert such shares once made, may be withdrawn at any time up to the vote on the proposed business combination or the expiration of the tender offer. Furthermore, if a holder of a public share of common stock delivered his certificate in connection with an election of their conversion and subsequently decides prior to the applicable date not to elect to exercise such rights, he may simply request that the transfer agent return the certificate (physically or electronically).
If the initial business combination is not approved or completed for any reason, then our public stockholders who elected to exercise their conversion rights would not be entitled to convert their shares for the applicable pro rata share of the trust account as of two business days prior to the consummation of the initial business combination. In such case, we will promptly return any shares delivered by public holders.
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Liquidation if No Business Combination
Our charter, as amended, provides that we will have only until September 30, 2021 to complete an initial business combination (unless such time period is extended by our stockholders, as provided in our charter).
If we have not completed an initial business combination by such date or have not secured stockholder approval to extend such date, we will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem 100% of the outstanding public shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, including any interest not previously released to us but net of taxes payable, divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining stockholders and our board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject (in the case of (ii) and (iii) above) to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law.
Our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers and directors have agreed that they will not propose any amendment to our charter that would affect our public stockholders’ ability to convert or sell their shares to us in connection with a business combination as described herein or affect the substance or timing of our obligation to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete a business combination by September 30, 2021 unless we provide our public stockholders with the opportunity to convert their shares of common stock upon such approval at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, including interest not previously released to us but net of franchise and income taxes payable, divided by the number of then outstanding public shares. This redemption right shall apply in the event of the approval of any such amendment, whether proposed by our Sponsor, initial stockholders, executive officers, directors or any other person.
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against a corporation to the extent of distributions received by them in a dissolution. The pro rata portion of our trust account distributed to our public stockholders upon the redemption of 100% of our outstanding public shares in the event we do not complete our initial business combination within the required time period may be considered a liquidation distribution under Delaware law. If the corporation complies with certain procedures set forth in Section 280 of the Delaware General Corporation Law intended to ensure that it makes reasonable provision for all claims against it, including a 60-day notice period during which any third-party claims can be brought against the corporation, a 90-day period during which the corporation may reject any claims brought, and an additional 150-day waiting period before any liquidating distributions are made to stockholders, any liability of stockholders with respect to a liquidating distribution is limited to the lesser of such stockholder’s pro rata share of the claim or the amount distributed to the stockholder, and any liability of the stockholder would be barred after the third anniversary of the dissolution.
Furthermore, if the pro rata portion of our trust account distributed to our public stockholders upon the redemption of 100% of our public shares in the event we do not complete our initial business combination within the required time period is not considered a liquidation distribution under Delaware law and such redemption distribution is deemed to be unlawful, then pursuant to Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the statute of limitations for claims of creditors could then be six years after the unlawful redemption distribution, instead of three years, as in the case of a liquidation distribution. If we are unable to complete a business combination within the prescribed time frame, we will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem 100% of the outstanding public shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, including any interest but net of franchise and income taxes payable, divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), subject to applicable law and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining stockholders and our board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject (in the case of (ii) and (iii) above) to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. Accordingly, it is our intention to redeem our public shares as soon as reasonably possible following our 21st month, and, therefore, we do not intend to comply with those procedures. As such, our stockholders could potentially be liable for any claims to the extent of distributions received by them (but no more) and any liability of our stockholders may extend well beyond the third anniversary of such date.
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Because we will not be complying with Section 280 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, Section 281(b) of the Delaware General Corporation Law requires us to adopt a plan, based on facts known to us at such time that will provide for our payment of all existing and pending claims or claims that may be potentially brought against us within the subsequent ten years. However, because we are a blank check company, rather than an operating company, and our operations will be limited to searching for prospective target businesses to acquire, the only likely claims to arise would be from our vendors (such as lawyers, investment bankers, etc.) or prospective target businesses.
We are required to seek to have all third parties (including any vendors or other entities we engage) and any prospective target businesses enter into agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind they may have in or to any monies held in the trust account. As a result, the claims that could be made against us will be limited, thereby lessening the likelihood that any claim would result in any liability extending to the trust. We therefore believe that any necessary provision for creditors will be reduced and should not have a significant impact on our ability to distribute the funds in the trust account to our public stockholders. Nevertheless, Marcum LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, and the underwriters of our IPO, will not execute agreements with us waiving such claims to the monies held in the trust account. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that other vendors, service providers and prospective target businesses will execute such agreements. Nor is there any guarantee that, even if they execute such agreements with us, they will not seek recourse against the trust account. Our Sponsor has agreed that it will be liable to ensure that the proceeds in the trust account are not reduced below $10.00 per share by the claims of target businesses or claims of vendors or other entities that are owed money by us for services rendered or contracted for or products sold to us, but we cannot assure you that it will be able to satisfy its indemnification obligations if it is required to do so. We have not asked our Sponsor to reserve for such indemnification obligations, nor have we independently verified whether our Sponsor has sufficient funds to satisfy its indemnity obligations and believe that our Sponsor’s only assets are securities of our company. Therefore, we believe it is unlikely that our Sponsor will be able to satisfy its indemnification obligations if it is required to do so. Additionally, the agreement our Sponsor entered into specifically provides for two exceptions to the indemnity it has given: it will have no liability (1) as to any claimed amounts owed to a target business or vendor or other entity who has executed an agreement with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind they may have in or to any monies held in the trust account, or (2) as to any claims for indemnification by the underwriters of our IPO against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. As a result, if we liquidate, the per-share distribution from the trust account could be less than $10.00 due to claims or potential claims of creditors. We will distribute to all of our public stockholders, in proportion to their respective equity interests, an aggregate sum equal to the amount in the trust account, inclusive of any interest (subject to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors as described below).
We anticipate notifying the trustee of the trust account to begin liquidating such assets promptly after such date and anticipate it will take no more than 10 business days to effectuate such distribution. The holders of the founders’ shares and private shares have waived their rights to participate in any liquidation distribution from the trust account with respect to such shares. There will be no distribution from the trust account with respect to our warrants, which will expire worthless. We will pay the costs of any subsequent liquidation from our remaining assets outside of the trust account. If such funds are insufficient, our Sponsor has contractually agreed to advance us the funds necessary to complete such liquidation (currently anticipated to be no more than approximately $15,000) and has contractually agreed not to seek repayment for such expenses.
If we are unable to complete an initial business combination and expend all of the net proceeds of the IPO, other than the proceeds deposited in the trust account, and without taking into account interest, if any, earned on the trust account, the initial per-share redemption price would be $10.00. The proceeds deposited in the trust account could, however, become subject to claims of our creditors that are in preference to the claims of public stockholders.
Our public stockholders shall be entitled to receive funds from the trust account only in the event of our failure to complete a business combination within the required time period, if the stockholders seek to have us convert or purchase their respective shares upon a business combination which is actually completed by us or upon certain amendments to our charter prior to consummating an initial business combination. In no other circumstances shall a stockholder have any right or interest of any kind to or in the trust account.
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If we are forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against us which is not dismissed, the proceeds held in the trust account could be subject to applicable bankruptcy law, and may be included in our bankruptcy estate and subject to the claims of third parties with priority over the claims of our stockholders. To the extent any bankruptcy claims deplete the trust account, we cannot assure you we will be able to return to our public stockholders at least $10.00 per share.
If we are forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against us which is not dismissed, any distributions received by stockholders could be viewed under applicable debtor/creditor and/or bankruptcy laws as either a “preferential transfer” or a “fraudulent conveyance.” As a result, a bankruptcy court could seek to recover all amounts received by our stockholders. Furthermore, because we intend to distribute the proceeds held in the trust account to our public stockholders promptly after September 30, 2021, this may be viewed or interpreted as giving preference to our public stockholders over any potential creditors with respect to access to or distributions from our assets. Furthermore, our board may be viewed as having breached their fiduciary duties to our creditors and/or may have acted in bad faith, and thereby exposing itself and our company to claims of punitive damages, by paying public stockholders from the trust account prior to addressing the claims of creditors. We cannot assure you that claims will not be brought against us for these reasons.
Competition
In identifying, evaluating and selecting a target business for a business combination, we may encounter intense competition from other entities having a business objective similar to ours, including other blank check companies, private equity groups and leveraged buyout funds and operating businesses seeking strategic acquisitions. Many of these entities are well established and have extensive experience identifying and effecting business combinations directly or through affiliates. Moreover, many of these competitors possess greater financial, technical, human and other resources than us. Our ability to acquire larger target businesses will be limited by our available financial resources. This inherent limitation gives others an advantage in pursuing the acquisition of a target business. Furthermore, our obligation to pay cash to our public stockholders who exercise their redemption rights may reduce the resources available to us for an initial business combination. In addition, the number of our outstanding warrants, and the future dilution they potentially represent, may not be viewed favorably by certain target businesses. Either of these factors may place us at a competitive disadvantage in successfully negotiating an initial business combination.
In recent years, and especially since the fourth quarter of 2020, the number of special purpose acquisition companies that have been formed has increased substantially. Many potential targets for special purpose acquisition companies have already entered into an initial business combination, and there are still many special purpose acquisition companies seeking targets for their initial business combination, as well as many such companies currently in registration. As a result, at times, fewer attractive targets may be available, and it may require more time, more effort and more resources to identify a suitable target and to consummate an initial business combination.
If we succeed in effecting a business combination, there will be, in all likelihood, intense competition from competitors of the target business. We cannot assure you that, subsequent to a business combination, we will have the resources or ability to compete effectively.
Employees
We currently have two executive officers. These individuals are not obligated to devote any specific number of hours to our affairs but they intend to devote as much of their time as they deem necessary to our affairs until we have completed our initial business combination. The amount of time they will devote in any time period will vary based on whether a target business has been selected for our initial business combination and the stage of the business combination process we are in. We do not have, and do not intend to have, any full time employees prior to the consummation of our initial business combination.
Facilities
We currently maintain our executive offices at 135 E. 57th St., 17th Floor, New York, NY. The cost for this space is included in the $10,000 per-month fee that an affiliate of our Chief Executive Officer charges us for general and administrative services pursuant to a letter agreement between us and our sponsor. We believe, based on rents and fees for similar services, that the fee charged is at least as favorable as we could have obtained from an unaffiliated person. We consider our current office space adequate for our operations.
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An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks described below, which we believe represent the material risks related to the Company, together with the other information contained in this Form 10-K, before making a decision to invest in the Company. This Form 10-K also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of specific factors, including the risks described below.
Risks Relating to the Restatement
Our Private Warrants are accounted for as liabilities and the changes in value of our warrants could have a material effect on our financial results.
On April 12, 2021, the Acting Director of the Division of Corporation Finance and Acting Chief Accountant of the SEC together issued a statement regarding the accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by special purpose acquisition companies entitled “Staff Statement on Accounting and Reporting Considerations for Warrants Issued by Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”) (the “SEC Statement”). The SEC Statement advises, among other things, that certain adjustments generally present in SPAC warrants preclude such warrants from being accounted for as equity. As a result of the SEC Statement, we reevaluated the accounting treatment of the Private Warrants and determined to classify the Private Warrants as liabilities measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in the statement of operations in the period of change.
As a result, included on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 is a derivative liability related to embedded features contained within our Private Warrants. Accounting Standards Codification 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), provides for the remeasurement of the fair value of such derivatives at each balance sheet date, with a resulting non-cash gain or loss related to the change in the fair value being recognized in earnings in the statement of operations. As a result of the recurring fair value measurement, our financial statements and results of operations may fluctuate quarterly, based on factors, which are outside of our control. Due to the recurring fair value measurement, we expect that we will recognize non-cash gains or losses on our Private Warrants each reporting period and that the amount of such gains or losses could be material.
We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. If we are unable to develop and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results in a timely manner, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.
Following this issuance of the SEC Statement, on June 25, 2021, after consultation with Marcum LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, the Company’s management and the Audit Committee concluded that the Original Financial Statements should no longer be relied upon due to errors in such financial statements relating to the Company’s accounting for the Private Warrants as equity rather than as liabilities. As a result, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2020 due to the existence of material weaknesses in such controls, and we have also concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2020 due to material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, all as described in Part II, Item 9A, “Controls and Procedures” of this Amendment. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented, or detected and corrected on a timely basis. Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and prevent fraud. We continue to evaluate steps to remediate the material weakness. These remediation measures may be time consuming and costly and there is no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects.
Moreover, because of the inherent limitations of any control system, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected and corrected on a timely basis, or at all. If we are unable to provide reliable and timely financial reports in the future, our business and reputation may be further harmed. Restated financial statements and failures in internal control may also cause us to fail to meet reporting obligations, negatively affect investor confidence in our management and the accuracy of our financial statements and disclosures, or result in adverse publicity and concerns from investors, any of which could have a negative effect on the price of our securities, subject us to regulatory investigations and penalties or stockholder litigation, and have a material adverse impact on our financial condition.
We have restated our financial statements for several prior periods, which may affect investor confidence, our stock price, our ability to raise capital in the future, our results of operations and financial condition, our ability to complete an initial business combination, and which may result in stockholder litigation.
This Amendment includes restated financial statements for several prior periods. Such restatement may have the effect of eroding investor confidence in the Company and our financial reporting and accounting practices and processes, and may negatively impact the trading price of our securities, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition, may make it more difficult for us to raise capital on acceptable terms, if at all, and may adversely impact our ability to complete an initial business combination. The restatement and related material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting may also result in stockholder litigation.
Risks Relating to Searching for and Consummating a Business Combination
We are a company with no operating history and no revenue and, accordingly, you have no basis on which to evaluate our ability to achieve our business objective.
We are a company with no operating history and no revenue. We will not commence operations until we consummate our initial business combination. Because we lack an operating history, you have no basis upon which to evaluate our ability to achieve our business objective of acquiring one or more operating businesses or entities. If we fail to complete a business combination, we will never generate any operating revenues.
If we are unable to consummate a business combination, our public stockholders may be forced to wait beyond September 30, 2021 before receiving distributions from the trust account.
Our public stockholders will be entitled to receive funds from the trust account only upon the earlier to occur of: (i) the consummation of our initial business combination; (ii) the redemption of our public shares if we are unable to consummate a business combination by September 30, 2021, subject to applicable law; (iii) the redemption of any public shares properly tendered in connection with a stockholder vote to amend our charter to modify the substance or timing of our obligation to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our initial business combination by September 30, 2021. In addition, if our plan to redeem our public shares if we are unable to consummate an initial business combination by September 30, 2021 is not consummated for any reason, Delaware law may require that we submit a plan of dissolution to our then-existing stockholders for approval prior to the distribution of the proceeds held in our trust account. In that case, public stockholders may be forced to wait beyond September 30, 2021 before they receive funds from our trust account. In no other circumstances will a public stockholder have any right or interest of any kind in the trust account. Accordingly, to liquidate your investment, you may be forced to sell your public shares or warrants, potentially at a loss.
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The requirement that we complete an initial business combination by September 30, 2021 (or such later date as may be approved by our stockholders) may give potential target businesses leverage over us in negotiating a business combination.
We have until September 30, 2021 (or such later date as may be approved by our stockholders) to complete an initial business combination. Any potential target business with which we enter into negotiations concerning a business combination will be aware of this requirement. Consequently, such target business may obtain leverage over us in negotiating a business combination, knowing that if we do not complete a business combination with that particular target business, we may be unable to complete a business combination with any other target business. This risk will increase as we get closer to the time limit referenced above.
Our public stockholders may not be afforded an opportunity to vote on our proposed business combination.
We will either (1) seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination at a meeting called for such purpose at which public stockholders may seek to convert their shares, regardless of whether they vote for or against the proposed business combination or don’t vote at all, into their pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account (net of taxes payable), or (2) provide our public stockholders with the opportunity to sell their shares to us by means of a tender offer (and thereby avoid the need for a stockholder vote) for an amount equal to their pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account (net of taxes payable). Accordingly, it is possible that we will consummate our initial business combination even if holders of a majority of our public shares do not approve of the business combination we consummate. The decision as to whether we will seek stockholder approval of a proposed business combination or will allow stockholders to sell their shares to us in a tender offer will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors such as the timing of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would otherwise require us to seek stockholder approval. For instance, Nasdaq rules currently allow us to engage in a tender offer in lieu of a stockholder meeting but would still require us to obtain stockholder approval if we were seeking to issue more than 20% of our outstanding shares to a target business as consideration in any business combination. Therefore, if we were structuring a business combination that required us to issue more than 20% of our outstanding shares, we would seek stockholder approval of such business combination instead of conducting a tender offer.
Our Sponsor controls a substantial interest in us and thus may influence certain actions requiring a stockholder vote.
Our Sponsor, Tuscan Holdings Acquisition II LLC, owns approximately 20% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. Our Sponsor, officers, directors, initial stockholders or their affiliates could determine in the future to make purchases of our securities in the open market or in private transactions, to the extent permitted by law, in order to influence the vote or magnitude of the number of shareholders seeking to tender their shares to us. In connection with any vote for a proposed business combination, our initial stockholders, as well as all of our officers and directors, have agreed to vote the shares of common stock owned by them immediately before our IPO as well as any shares of common stock acquired in the IPO or in the aftermarket in favor of such proposed business combination.
Our board of directors is divided into three classes, each of which will generally serve for a term of three years with only one class of directors being elected in each year. As a consequence of our “staggered” board of directors, only a minority of the board of directors will be considered for election and our Sponsor, because of its ownership position, will have considerable influence regarding the outcome. Accordingly, our initial stockholders will continue to exert control at least until the consummation of a business combination.
Since we have not yet selected a particular industry or target business with which to complete a business combination, we are unable to currently ascertain the merits or risks of the industry or business in which we may ultimately operate.
We may pursue an acquisition opportunity in any business industry or sector. Accordingly, there is no current basis for you to evaluate the possible merits or risks of the particular industry in which we may ultimately operate or the target business which we may ultimately acquire. To the extent we complete a business combination with a financially unstable company or an entity in its development stage, we may be affected by numerous risks inherent in the business operations of those entities. If we complete a business combination with an entity in an industry characterized by a high level of risk, we may be affected by the currently unascertainable risks of that industry. Although our management will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in a particular industry or target business, we cannot assure you that we will properly ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors. We also cannot assure you that an investment in our units will not ultimately prove to be less favorable to investors than a direct investment, if an opportunity were available, in a target business.
The ability of our stockholders to exercise their conversion rights or sell their shares to us in a tender offer may not allow us to effectuate the most desirable business combination or optimize our capital structure.
If our business combination requires us to use substantially all of our cash to pay the purchase price, because we will not know how many stockholders may exercise conversion rights or seek to sell their shares to us in a tender offer, we may either need to reserve part of the trust account for possible payment upon such conversion, or we may need to arrange third party financing to help fund our business combination. In the event that the acquisition involves the issuance of our stock as consideration, we may be required to issue a higher percentage of our stock to make up for a shortfall in funds. Raising additional funds to cover any shortfall may involve dilutive equity financing or incurring indebtedness at higher than desirable levels. This may limit our ability to effectuate the most attractive business combination available to us.
In connection with any vote to approve a business combination, we will offer each public stockholder the option to vote in favor of a proposed business combination and still seek conversion of his, her or its shares.
In connection with any vote to approve a business combination, we will offer each public stockholder (but not our Sponsor, officers or directors) the right to have his, her or its shares of common stock converted to cash (subject to the limitations described elsewhere in this Form 10-K) regardless of whether such stockholder votes for or against such proposed business combination or does not vote at all. The ability to seek conversion while voting in favor of our proposed business combination may make it more likely that we will consummate a business combination.
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In connection with any stockholder meeting called to approve a proposed initial business combination, we may require stockholders who wish to convert their shares in connection with a proposed business combination to comply with specific requirements for conversion that may make it more difficult for them to exercise their conversion rights prior to the deadline for exercising their rights.
In connection with any stockholder meeting called to approve a proposed initial business combination, each public stockholder will have the right, regardless of whether he is voting for or against such proposed business combination or does not vote at all, to demand that we convert his shares into a pro rata share of the trust account as of two business days prior to the consummation of the initial business combination. We may require public stockholders who wish to convert their shares in connection with a proposed business combination to either (i) tender their certificates to our transfer agent or (ii) deliver their shares to the transfer agent electronically using the Depository Trust Company’s DWAC (Deposit/Withdrawal At Custodian) System, at the holders’ option, in each case prior to a date set forth in the tender offer documents or proxy materials sent in connection with the proposal to approve the business combination. In order to obtain a physical stock certificate, a stockholder’s broker and/or clearing broker, DTC and our transfer agent will need to act to facilitate this request. It is our understanding that stockholders should generally allot at least two weeks to obtain physical certificates from the transfer agent. However, because we do not have any control over this process or over the brokers or DTC, it may take significantly longer than two weeks to obtain a physical stock certificate. While we have been advised that it takes a short time to deliver shares through the DWAC System, we cannot assure you of this fact. Accordingly, if it takes longer than we anticipate for stockholders to deliver their shares, stockholders who wish to convert may be unable to meet the deadline for exercising their conversion rights and thus may be unable to convert their shares.
If, in connection with any stockholder meeting called to approve a proposed business combination, we require public stockholders who wish to convert their shares to comply with specific requirements for conversion, such converting stockholders may be unable to sell their securities when they wish to in the event that the proposed business combination is not approved.
If we require public stockholders who wish to convert their shares to comply with specific requirements for conversion and such proposed business combination is not consummated, we will promptly return such certificates to the tendering public stockholders. Accordingly, investors who attempted to convert their shares in such a circumstance will be unable to sell their securities after the failed acquisition until we have returned their securities to them. The market price for our shares of common stock may decline during this time and you may not be able to sell your securities when you wish to, even while other stockholders that did not seek conversion may be able to sell their securities.
Because of our structure, other companies may have a competitive advantage and we may not be able to consummate an attractive business combination.
We expect to encounter intense competition from entities other than blank check companies having a business objective similar to ours, including venture capital funds, leveraged buyout funds and operating businesses competing for acquisitions. Many of these entities are well established and have extensive experience in identifying and effecting business combinations directly or through affiliates. Many of these competitors possess greater technical, human and other resources than we do and our financial resources will be relatively limited when contrasted with those of many of these competitors. While we believe that there are numerous potential target businesses that we could acquire with the net proceeds of our IPO, our ability to compete in acquiring certain sizable target businesses will be limited by our available financial resources. This inherent competitive limitation gives others an advantage in pursuing the acquisition of certain target businesses. Furthermore, seeking stockholder approval or engaging in a tender offer in connection with any proposed business combination may delay the consummation of such a transaction. Additionally, our outstanding warrants, and the future dilution they potentially represent, may not be viewed favorably by certain target businesses. Any of the foregoing may place us at a competitive disadvantage in successfully negotiating a business combination.
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Because we must furnish our stockholders with target business financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles or international financial reporting standards, we will not be able to complete a business combination with prospective target businesses unless their financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles or international financial reporting standards.
The federal proxy rules require that a proxy statement with respect to a vote on a business combination meeting certain financial significance tests include historical and/or pro forma financial statement disclosure in periodic reports. These financial statements may be required to be prepared in accordance with, or be reconciled to, accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, or international financial reporting standards, or IFRS, depending on the circumstances, and the historical financial statements may be required to be audited in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), or PCAOB. We will include the same financial statement disclosure in connection with any tender offer documents we use, whether or not they are required under the tender offer rules. Additionally, to the extent we furnish our stockholders with financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS, such financial statements will need to be audited in accordance with U.S. GAAP at the time of the consummation of the business combination. These financial statement requirements may limit the pool of potential target businesses we may acquire.
A provision of our warrant agreement may make it more difficult for us to consummate an initial business combination.
If:
| ● | we issue additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of our initial business combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.50 per share of common stock, | |
| ● | the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of our initial business combination on the date of the consummation of our initial business combination (net of redemptions), and | |
| ● | the volume weighted average trading price of our common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which we consummate our initial business combination (such price, the “Market Value”) is below $9.50 per share, |
then the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted to be equal to 115% of the higher of the Market Value and the price at which we issue the additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities. This may make it more difficult for us to consummate an initial business combination with a target business.
We may issue shares of our capital stock or debt securities to complete a business combination, which would reduce the equity interest of our stockholders and likely cause a change in control of our ownership.
Our charter authorizes the issuance of up to 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Although we have no commitment as of the date of this Form 10-K, we may issue a substantial number of additional shares of common stock or shares of preferred stock, or a combination of common stock and preferred stock, to complete a business combination. The issuance of additional shares of common stock will not reduce the per-share conversion amount in the trust account. The issuance of additional shares of common stock or preferred stock:
| ● | may significantly reduce the equity interest of investors in our common stock; | |
| ● | may subordinate the rights of holders of shares of common stock if we issue shares of preferred stock with rights senior to those afforded to our shares of common stock; |
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| ● | may cause a change in control if a substantial number of shares of common stock are issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removal of our present officers and directors; and | |
| ● | may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our shares of common stock. |
Similarly, if we issue debt securities, it could result in:
| ● | default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after a business combination are insufficient to repay our debt obligations; | |
| ● | acceleration of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we make all principal and interest payments when due if we breach certain covenants that require the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant; | |
| ● | our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt security is payable on demand; and | |
| ● | our inability to obtain necessary additional financing if the debt security contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain such financing while the debt security is outstanding. |
If we incur indebtedness, our lenders will not have a claim on the cash in the trust account and such indebtedness will not decrease the per-share conversion amount in the trust account.
If the net proceeds of our IPO not being held in trust, together with the interest earned on the funds in the trust account available to us, are insufficient to allow us to operate until the completion of our initial business combination, we may be unable to complete a business combination.
As of December 31, 2020, we had cash of $515,524 available to us to fund our working capital requirements. We will also have access to interest earned on the funds held in the trust account for taxes and, subject to a limit of $250,000 per 12-month period, for our working capital needs. If we use all of the funds held outside of the trust account and all interest available to us, we may not have sufficient funds available with which to structure, negotiate or close an initial business combination. In such event, we would need to borrow funds from our Sponsor, officers or directors or their affiliates to operate or may be forced to liquidate. Our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers, directors and their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds, from time to time or at any time, in whatever amount that they deem reasonable in their sole discretion for our working capital needs. Each loan would be evidenced by a promissory note. The notes would either be paid upon consummation of our initial business combination, without interest, or, at holder’s discretion, up to $750,000 of the notes may be converted into units at a price of $10.00 per unit and up to $750,000 of the notes may be converted into warrants at a price of $1.00 per warrant.
We may be unable to obtain additional financing, if required, to complete a business combination or to fund the operations and growth of the target business, which could compel us to restructure or abandon a particular business combination.
Although we believe that the net proceeds of our IPO, together with interest earned on the funds held in the trust account available to us, will be sufficient to allow us to consummate a business combination, because we have not yet identified any prospective target business, we cannot ascertain the capital requirements for any particular transaction. If the net proceeds of our IPO prove to be insufficient, either because of the size of the business combination, the depletion of the available net proceeds in search of a target business, or the obligation to convert into cash a significant number of shares from dissenting stockholders, we will be required to seek additional financing. Such financing may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. To the extent that additional financing proves to be unavailable when needed to consummate a particular business combination, we would be compelled to either restructure the transaction or abandon that particular business combination and seek an alternative target business candidate. In addition, if we consummate a business combination, we may require additional financing to fund the operations or growth of the target business. The failure to secure additional financing could have a material adverse effect on the continued development or growth of the target business. None of our Sponsor, officers, directors or stockholders is required to provide any financing to us in connection with or after a business combination.
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We may not obtain a fairness opinion with respect to the target business that we seek to acquire and therefore you may be relying solely on the judgment of our board of directors in approving a proposed business combination.
We will only be required to obtain a fairness opinion with respect to the target business that we seek to acquire if it is an entity that is affiliated with any of our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers, directors or their affiliates. In all other instances, we will have no obligation to obtain an opinion. Accordingly, investors will be relying solely on the judgment of our board of directors in approving a proposed business combination.
Resources could be spent researching acquisitions that are not consummated, which could materially adversely affect subsequent attempts to locate and acquire or merge with another business.
It is anticipated that the investigation of each specific target business and the negotiation, drafting, and execution of relevant agreements, disclosure documents, and other instruments will require substantial management time and attention and substantial costs for accountants, attorneys and others. If a decision is made not to complete a specific business combination, the costs incurred up to that point for the proposed transaction likely would not be recoverable. Furthermore, even if an agreement is reached relating to a specific target business, we may fail to consummate the business combination for any number of reasons including those beyond our control. Any such event will result in a loss to us of the related costs incurred which could materially adversely affect subsequent attempts to locate and acquire or merge with another business.
We may only be able to complete one business combination with the proceeds from our IPO, which will cause us to be solely dependent on a single business which may have a limited number of products or services.
It is likely we will consummate a business combination with a single target business, although we have the ability to simultaneously acquire several target businesses. By consummating a business combination with only a single entity, our lack of diversification may subject us to numerous economic, competitive and regulatory developments. Further, we would not be able to diversify our operations or benefit from the possible spreading of risks or offsetting of losses, unlike other entities which may have the resources to complete several business combinations in different industries or different areas of a single industry. Accordingly, the prospects for our success may be:
| ● | solely dependent upon the performance of a single business, or | |
| ● | dependent upon the development or market acceptance of a single or limited number of products, processes or services. |
This lack of diversification may subject us to numerous economic, competitive and regulatory developments, any or all of which may have a substantial adverse impact upon the particular industry in which we may operate subsequent to a business combination.
Alternatively, if we determine to simultaneously acquire several businesses and such businesses are owned by different sellers, we will need for each of such sellers to agree that our purchase of its business is contingent on the simultaneous closings of the other business combinations, which may make it more difficult for us, and delay our ability, to complete the business combination. With multiple business combinations, we could also face additional risks, including additional burdens and costs with respect to possible multiple negotiations and due diligence investigations (if there are multiple sellers) and the additional risks associated with the subsequent assimilation of the operations and services or products of the acquired companies in a single operating business. If we are unable to adequately address these risks, it could negatively impact our profitability and results of operations.
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Our search for a business combination, and any target business with which we ultimately consummate a business combination, may be materially adversely affected by the recent coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and other events (such as terrorist attacks, natural disasters or a significant outbreak of other infectious diseases) could adversely affect, the economies and financial markets worldwide, and the business of any potential target business with which we consummate an initial business combination could be materially and adversely affected. Furthermore, we may be unable to complete an initial business combination if concerns relating to COVID-19 continue to restrict travel, limit the ability to have meetings with potential investors or the target company’s personnel, vendors and services providers are unavailable to negotiate and consummate a transaction in a timely manner. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our search for an initial business combination will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19 and the actions to contain COVID-19 or treat its impact, among others. If the disruptions posed by COVID-19 or other events (such as terrorist attacks, natural disasters or a significant outbreak of other infectious diseases) continue for an extensive period of time, our ability to consummate an initial business combination, or the operations of a target business with which we ultimately consummate an initial business combination, may be materially adversely affected.
In addition, our ability to consummate a transaction may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing which may be impacted by COVID-19 and other events (such as terrorist attacks, natural disasters or a significant outbreak of other infectious diseases), including as a result of increased market volatility, decreased market liquidity in third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to us or at all.
As the number of special purpose acquisition companies evaluating targets increases, attractive targets may become scarcer and there may be more competition for attractive targets. This could increase the cost of our initial business combination and could even result in our inability to find a target or to consummate an initial business combination.
In recent years, and especially since the fourth quarter of 2020, the number of special purpose acquisition companies that have been formed has increased substantially. Many potential targets for special purpose acquisition companies have already entered into an initial business combination, and there are still many special purpose acquisition companies seeking targets for their initial business combination, as well as many such companies currently in registration. As a result, at times, fewer attractive targets may be available, and it may require more time, more effort and more resources to identify a suitable target and to consummate an initial business combination.
In addition, because there are more special purpose acquisition companies seeking to enter into an initial business combination with available targets, the competition for available targets with attractive fundamentals or business models may increase, which could cause targets companies to demand improved financial terms. Attractive deals could also become scarcer for other reasons, such as economic or industry sector downturns, geopolitical tensions, or increases in the cost of additional capital needed to close business combinations or operate targets post-business combination. This could increase the cost of, delay or otherwise complicate or frustrate our ability to find and consummate an initial business combination, and may result in our inability to consummate an initial business combination on terms favorable to our investors altogether.
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Changes in the market for directors and officers liability insurance could make it more difficult and more expensive for us to negotiate and complete an initial business combination.
In recent months, the market for directors and officers liability insurance for special purpose acquisition companies has changed. The premiums charged for such policies have generally increased and the terms of such policies have generally become less favorable. There can be no assurance that these trends will not continue.
The increased cost and decreased availability of directors and officers liability insurance could make it more difficult and more expensive for us to negotiate an initial business combination. In order to obtain directors and officers liability insurance or modify its coverage as a result of becoming a public company, the post-business combination entity might need to incur greater expense, accept less favorable terms or both. However, any failure to obtain adequate directors and officers liability insurance could have an adverse impact on the post-business combination’s ability to attract and retain qualified officers and directors.
In addition, even after we were to complete an initial business combination, our directors and officers could still be subject to potential liability from claims arising from conduct alleged to have occurred prior to the initial business combination. As a result, in order to protect our directors and officers, the post-business combination entity will likely need to purchase additional insurance with respect to any such claims (“run-off insurance”). The need for run-off insurance would be an added expense for the post-business combination entity, and could interfere with or frustrate our ability to consummate an initial business combination on terms favorable to our investors.
We may issue our shares to investors in connection with our initial business combination at a price that is less than the prevailing market price of our shares at that time.
In connection with our initial business combination, we may issue shares to investors in private placement transactions (so-called PIPE transactions) at a price of $10.00 per share or which approximates the per-share amounts in our trust account at such time, which is generally approximately $10.00. The purpose of such issuances will be to enable us to provide sufficient liquidity to the post-business combination entity. The price of the shares we issue may therefore be less, and potentially significantly less, than the market price for our shares at such time.
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Risks Relating to the Post-Business Combination Company
Our ability to successfully effect a business combination and to be successful thereafter will be totally dependent upon the efforts of our key personnel, some of whom may join us following a business combination. While we intend to closely scrutinize any individuals we engage after a business combination, we cannot assure you that our assessment of these individuals will prove to be correct.
Our ability to successfully effect a business combination is dependent upon the efforts of our key personnel. We believe that our success depends on the continued service of our key personnel, at least until we have consummated our initial business combination. We cannot assure you that any of our key personnel will remain with us for the immediate or foreseeable future. In addition, none of our officers are required to commit any specified amount of time to our affairs and, accordingly, our officers will have conflicts of interest in allocating management time among various business activities, including identifying potential business combinations and monitoring the related due diligence. We do not have employment agreements with, or key-man insurance on the life of, any of our officers. The unexpected loss of the services of our key personnel could have a detrimental effect on us.
The role of our key personnel after a business combination, however, cannot presently be ascertained. Although some of our key personnel may serve in senior management or advisory positions following a business combination, it is likely that most, if not all, of the management of the target business will remain in place. While we intend to closely scrutinize any individuals we engage after a business combination, we cannot assure you that our assessment of these individuals will prove to be correct. These individuals may be unfamiliar with the requirements of operating a public company which could cause us to have to expend time and resources helping them become familiar with such requirements. This could be expensive and time-consuming and could lead to various regulatory issues which may adversely affect our operations.
Our officers and directors may not have significant experience or knowledge regarding the jurisdiction or industry of the target business we may seek to acquire.
We may consummate a business combination with a target business in any geographic location or industry we choose. We cannot assure you that our officers and directors will have enough experience or have sufficient knowledge relating to the jurisdiction of the target or its industry to make an informed decision regarding a business combination.
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If we do not conduct an adequate due diligence investigation of a target business, we may be required to subsequently take write-downs or write-offs, restructuring, and impairment or other charges that could have a significant negative effect on our financial condition, results of operations and our stock price, which could cause you to lose some or all of your investment.
We must conduct a due diligence investigation of the target businesses we intend to acquire. Intensive due diligence is time consuming and expensive due to the operations, accounting, finance and legal professionals who must be involved in the due diligence process. Even if we conduct extensive due diligence on a target business, this diligence may not reveal all material issues that may affect a particular target business, and factors outside the control of the target business and outside of our control may later arise. If our diligence fails to identify issues specific to a target business, industry or the environment in which the target business operates, we may be forced to later write-down or write-off assets, restructure our operations, or incur impairment or other charges that could result in our reporting losses. Even though these charges may be non-cash items and not have an immediate impact on our liquidity, the fact that we report charges of this nature could contribute to negative market perceptions about us or our common stock. In addition, charges of this nature may cause us to violate net worth or other covenants to which we may be subject as a result of assuming pre-existing debt held by a target business or by virtue of our obtaining post-combination debt financing.
If we effect a business combination with a company located in a foreign jurisdiction, we would be subject to a variety of additional risks that may negatively impact our operations.
If we are successful in consummating a business combination with a target business in a foreign country, we would be subject to any special considerations or risks associated with companies operating in the target business’ home jurisdiction, including any of the following:
| ● | rules and regulations or currency conversion or corporate withholding taxes on individuals; | |
| ● | tariffs and trade barriers; | |
| ● | regulations related to customs and import/export matters; | |
| ● | longer payment cycles; | |
| ● | tax issues, such as tax law changes and variations in tax laws as compared to the United States; | |
| ● | currency fluctuations and exchange controls; | |
| ● | challenges in collecting accounts receivable; | |
| ● | cultural and language differences; | |
| ● | employment regulations; | |
| ● | crime, strikes, riots, civil disturbances, terrorist attacks and wars; and | |
| ● | deterioration of political relations with the United States. |
We cannot assure you that we would be able to adequately address these additional risks. If we were unable to do so, our operations might suffer.
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If we effect a business combination with a company located outside of the United States, the laws applicable to such company will likely govern all of our material agreements and we may not be able to enforce our legal rights.
If we effect a business combination with a company located outside of the United States, the laws of the country in which such company operates will govern almost all of the material agreements relating to its operations. We cannot assure you that the target business will be able to enforce any of its material agreements or that remedies will be available in this new jurisdiction. The system of laws and the enforcement of existing laws in such jurisdiction may not be as certain in implementation and interpretation as in the United States. The inability to enforce or obtain a remedy under any of our future agreements could result in a significant loss of business, business opportunities or capital. Additionally, if we acquire a company located outside of the United States, it is likely that substantially all of our assets would be located outside of the United States and some of our officers and directors might reside outside of the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors in the United States to enforce their legal rights, to effect service of process upon our directors or officers or to enforce judgments of United States courts predicated upon civil liabilities and criminal penalties of our directors and officers under federal securities laws.
There may be tax consequences to our business combinations that may adversely affect us.
While we expect to undertake any merger or acquisition so as to minimize taxes both to the acquired business and/or asset and us, such business combination might not meet the statutory requirements of a tax-free reorganization, or the parties might not obtain the intended tax-free treatment upon a transfer of shares or assets. A non-qualifying reorganization could result in the imposition of substantial taxes.
Risks Relating to Potential Conflicts of Interest of our Management, Directors, and Others
Our officers and directors will allocate their time to other businesses thereby causing conflicts of interest in their determination as to how much time to devote to our affairs. This could have a negative impact on our ability to consummate a business combination.
Our officers and directors do not commit their full time to our affairs. We expect each of our officers and directors to devote such amount of time as they reasonably believe is necessary to our business. We do not intend to have any full time employees prior to the consummation of our initial business combination. The foregoing could have a negative impact on our ability to consummate our initial business combination.
Our officers and directors may have a conflict of interest in determining whether a particular target business is appropriate for a business combination.
Our Sponsor has waived its right to convert its founders’ shares or any other shares purchased in our IPO or thereafter, or to receive distributions from the trust account with respect to its founders’ shares upon our liquidation if we are unable to consummate a business combination. Accordingly, the shares acquired prior to our IPO, as well as the private securities and any warrants purchased by our officers or directors in the aftermarket, will be worthless if we do not consummate a business combination. The personal and financial interests of our directors and officers may influence their motivation in timely identifying and selecting a target business and completing a business combination. Consequently, our directors’ and officers’ discretion in identifying and selecting a suitable target business may result in a conflict of interest when determining whether the terms, conditions and timing of a particular business combination are appropriate and in our stockholders’ best interest.
Our officers and directors or their affiliates have pre-existing fiduciary and contractual obligations and may in the future become affiliated with other entities engaged in business activities similar to those intended to be conducted by us. Accordingly, they may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented.
Our officers and directors or their affiliates have pre-existing fiduciary and contractual obligations to other companies. Accordingly, they may participate in transactions and have obligations that may be in conflict or competition with our consummation of our initial business combination. As a result, a potential target business may be presented by our management team to another entity prior to its presentation to us and we may not be afforded the opportunity to engage in a transaction with such target business. Additionally, our officers and directors may in the future become affiliated with entities that are engaged in a similar business, including another blank check company that may have acquisition objectives that are similar to ours. Accordingly, they may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented. These conflicts may not be resolved in our favor and a potential target business may be presented to other entities prior to its presentation to us, subject to our officers’ and directors’ fiduciary duties under Delaware law.
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Our key personnel may negotiate employment or consulting agreements with a target business in connection with a particular business combination. These agreements may provide for them to receive compensation following a business combination and as a result, may cause them to have conflicts of interest in determining whether a particular business combination is the most advantageous.
Our key personnel will be able to remain with the company after the consummation of a business combination only if they are able to negotiate employment or consulting agreements or other appropriate arrangements in connection with the business combination. Such negotiations would take place simultaneously with the negotiation of the business combination and could provide for such individuals to receive compensation in the form of cash payments and/or our securities for services they would render to the company after the consummation of the business combination. The personal and financial interests of such individuals may influence their motivation in identifying and selecting a target business.
EarlyBirdCapital may have a conflict of interest in rendering services to us in connection with our initial business combination.
We have engaged EarlyBirdCapital to assist us in connection with our initial business combination. We will pay EarlyBirdCapital a cash fee for such services in an aggregate amount equal to up to 3.5% of the total gross proceeds raised in our IPO only if we consummate our initial business combination. The representative shares will also be worthless if we do not consummate an initial business combination. These financial interests may result in EarlyBirdCapital having a conflict of interest when providing the services to us in connection with an initial business combination.
Risks Relating to our Securities
If we do not file and maintain a current and effective prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants, holders will only be able to exercise such warrants on a “cashless basis.”
If we do not file and maintain a current and effective prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants at the time that holders wish to exercise such warrants, they will only be able to exercise them on a “cashless basis” provided that an exemption from registration is available. As a result, the number of shares of common stock that holders will receive upon exercise of the warrants will be fewer than it would have been had such holder exercised his warrant for cash. Further, if an exemption from registration is not available, holders would not be able to exercise on a cashless basis and would only be able to exercise their warrants for cash if a current and effective prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is available. Under the terms of the warrant agreement, we have agreed to use our best efforts to meet these conditions and to file and maintain a current and effective prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants until the expiration of the warrants. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to do so. If we are unable to do so, the potential “upside” of the holder’s investment in our company may be reduced or the warrants may expire worthless.
An investor will only be able to exercise a warrant if the issuance of shares of common stock upon such exercise has been registered or qualified or is deemed exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants.
No warrants will be exercisable and we will not be obligated to issue shares of common stock unless the shares of common stock issuable upon such exercise has been registered or qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants. If the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants are not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of the warrants reside, the warrants may be deprived of any value, the market for the warrants may be limited and they may expire worthless if they cannot be sold.
The private warrants may be exercised at a time when the public warrants may not be exercised.
Once the private warrants become exercisable, such warrants may immediately be exercised on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. The public warrants, however, will only be exercisable on a cashless basis at the option of the holders if we fail to register the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants under the Securities Act within 90 days following the closing of our initial business combination. Accordingly, it is possible that the holders of the private warrants could exercise such warrants at a time when the holders of public warrants could not.
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We may amend the terms of the warrants in a manner that may be adverse to holders with the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding public warrants.
Our warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and us. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision. The warrant agreement requires the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding public warrants in order to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders.
If third parties bring claims against us, the proceeds held in trust could be reduced and the per-share redemption price received by stockholders may be less than $10.00.
Our placing of funds in trust may not protect those funds from third party claims against us. Although we will seek to have all vendors and service providers we engage and prospective target businesses we negotiate with execute agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the trust account for the benefit of our public stockholders, they may not execute such agreements. Furthermore, even if such entities execute such agreements with us, they may seek recourse against the trust account. A court may not uphold the validity of such agreements. Accordingly, the proceeds held in trust could be subject to claims which could take priority over those of our public stockholders. If we are unable to complete a business combination and distribute the proceeds held in trust to our public stockholders, our Sponsor has agreed (subject to certain exceptions described elsewhere in this Form 10-K) that it will be liable to ensure that the proceeds in the trust account are not reduced below $10.00 per share by the claims of target businesses or claims of vendors or other entities that are owed money by us for services rendered or contracted for or products sold to us. However, we have not asked our Sponsor to reserve for such indemnification obligations, nor have we independently verified whether our Sponsor has sufficient funds to satisfy its indemnity obligations and believe that our Sponsor’s only assets are securities of our company. Therefore, we believe it is unlikely that our Sponsor will be able to satisfy its indemnification obligations if it is required to do so. As a result, the per-share distribution from the trust account may be less than $10.00, plus interest, due to such claims.
Additionally, if we are forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against us which is not dismissed, the proceeds held in the trust account could be subject to applicable bankruptcy law, and may be included in our bankruptcy estate and subject to the claims of third parties with priority over the claims of our stockholders. To the extent any bankruptcy claims deplete the trust account, we may not be able to return to our public stockholders at least $10.00.
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Our stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against us to the extent of distributions received by them.
Our charter, as amended, provides that we will continue in existence only until September 30, 2021 (or such later date as is approved by our stockholders). If we have not completed a business combination by such date, we will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem 100% of the outstanding public shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, including any interest not previously released to us but net of franchise and income taxes payable, divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining stockholders and our board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject (in the case of (ii) and (iii) above) to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. We cannot assure you that we will properly assess all claims that may be potentially brought against us. As such, our stockholders could potentially be liable for any claims to the extent of distributions received by them (but no more) and any liability of our stockholders may extend well beyond the third anniversary of the date of distribution. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that third parties will not seek to recover from our stockholders amounts owed to them by us.
If we are forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against us which is not dismissed, any distributions received by stockholders could be viewed under applicable debtor/creditor and/or bankruptcy laws as either a “preferential transfer” or a “fraudulent conveyance.” As a result, a bankruptcy court could seek to recover all amounts received by our stockholders. Furthermore, because we intend to distribute the proceeds held in the trust account to our public stockholders promptly after expiration of the time we have to complete an initial business combination, this may be viewed or interpreted as giving preference to our public stockholders over any potential creditors with respect to access to or distributions from our assets. Furthermore, our board may be viewed as having breached their fiduciary duties to our creditors and/or may have acted in bad faith, and thereby exposing itself and our company to claims of punitive damages, by paying public stockholders from the trust account prior to addressing the claims of creditors. We cannot assure you that claims will not be brought against us for these reasons.
Our directors may decide not to enforce our Sponsor’s indemnification obligations, resulting in a reduction in the amount of funds in the trust account available for distribution to our public stockholders.
In the event that the proceeds in the trust account are reduced below $10.00 per public share and our Sponsor asserts that it is unable to satisfy its obligations or that it has no indemnification obligations related to a particular claim, our independent directors would determine whether to take legal action against our Sponsor to enforce such indemnification obligations. It is possible that our independent directors in exercising their business judgment may choose not to do so in any particular instance. If our independent directors choose not to enforce these indemnification obligations, the amount of funds in the trust account available for distribution to our public stockholders may be reduced below $10.00 per share.
Nasdaq may delist our securities from quotation on its exchange which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in our securities and subject us to additional trading restrictions.
Our securities are listed on Nasdaq, a national securities exchange. Although we expect to meet on a pro forma basis Nasdaq’s minimum initial listing standards, which generally only requires that we meet certain requirements relating to stockholders’ equity, market capitalization, aggregate market value of publicly held shares and distribution requirements, we cannot assure you that our securities will continue to be listed on Nasdaq in the future prior to an initial business combination. Further, we cannot assure you that we will continue to meet Nasdaq’s corporate governance requirements. On January 5, 2021, we received a notice from the staff of the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq Stock Market stating that we were no longer in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5620(a) for continued listing due to its failure to hold an annual meeting of stockholders within twelve months of the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(2)(G), we submitted a plan to regain compliance on February 17, 2021. Nasdaq accepted our plan and granted us an extension through June 29, 2021 to hold an annual meeting. We held the annual meeting on April 14, 2021, and extended the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from April 16, 2021 to September 30, 2021.
Additionally, in connection with our initial business combination, it is likely that Nasdaq will require us to file a new initial listing application and meet its initial listing requirements as opposed to its more lenient continued listing requirements. We cannot assure you that we will be able to meet those initial listing requirements at that time. Nasdaq will also have discretionary authority to not approve our listing if Nasdaq determines that the listing of the company to be acquired is against public policy at that time.
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If Nasdaq delists our securities from trading on its exchange, or we are not listed in connection with our initial business combination, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:
| ● | a limited availability of market quotations for our securities; | |
| ● | reduced liquidity with respect to our securities; |
| ● | a determination that our shares of common stock are “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our shares of common stock to adhere to more stringent rules, possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our shares of common stock; | |
| ● | a limited amount of news and analyst coverage for our company; and | |
| ● | a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future. |
The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities.” Because our units, common stock and warrants are listed on Nasdaq, our units, common stock and warrants will be covered securities. Although the states are preempted from regulating the sale of our securities, the federal statute does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. While we are not aware of a state having used these powers to prohibit or restrict the sale of securities issued by blank check companies, certain state securities regulators view blank check companies unfavorably and might use these powers, or threaten to use these powers, to hinder the sale of securities of blank check companies in their states. Further, if we were no longer listed on Nasdaq, our securities would not be covered securities and we would be subject to regulation in each state in which we offer our securities.
Our outstanding warrants may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and make it more difficult to effect a business combination.
We issued warrants to purchase 8,625,000 shares of common stock as part of the units offered in our IPO and private warrants to purchase 2,493,750 shares of common stock. We may also issue other units and warrants to our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers, directors or their affiliates in payment of working capital loans made to us. To the extent we issue shares of common stock to effect a business combination, the potential for the issuance of a substantial number of additional shares upon exercise of these warrants could make us a less attractive acquisition vehicle in the eyes of a target business. Such securities, when exercised, will increase the number of issued and outstanding shares of common stock and reduce the value of the shares issued to complete the business combination. Accordingly, our warrants may make it more difficult to effectuate a business combination or increase the cost of acquiring the target business. Additionally, the sale, or even the possibility of sale, of the shares underlying the warrants could have an adverse effect on the market price for our securities or on our ability to obtain future financing. If and to the extent these warrants are exercised, you may experience dilution to your holdings.
We may redeem your unexpired warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to you, thereby making your warrants worthless.
We have the ability to redeem outstanding warrants (excluding the private warrants and any warrants underlying additional units issued to our Sponsor, officers or directors in payment of working capital loans made to us) at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per warrant, provided that the last reported sales price of the common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on the third business day prior to proper notice of such redemption provided that on the date we give notice of redemption and during the entire period thereafter until the time we redeem the warrants, we have an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to them is available. If and when the warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. Redemption of the outstanding warrants could force you (i) to exercise your warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for you to do so, (ii) to sell your warrants at the then-current market price when you might otherwise wish to hold your warrants or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of your warrants. None of the private warrants will be redeemable by us so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees.
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Our management’s ability to require holders of our warrants to exercise such warrants on a cashless basis will cause holders to receive fewer shares of common stock upon their exercise of the warrants than they would have received had they been able to exercise their warrants for cash.
If we call our public warrants for redemption after the redemption criteria described above have been satisfied, our management will have the option to require any holder that wishes to exercise his warrant (including any private warrants) to do so on a “cashless basis.” If our management chooses to require holders to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis, the number of shares of common stock received by a holder upon exercise will be fewer than it would have been had such holder exercised his warrant for cash. This will have the effect of reducing the potential “upside” of the holder’s investment in our company.
If our security holders exercise their registration rights, it may have an adverse effect on the market price of our shares of common stock and the existence of these rights may make it more difficult to effect a business combination.
Our Sponsor is entitled to make a demand that we register the resale of the founders’ shares at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which their shares may be released from escrow. Additionally, the holders of representative shares, the private securities and any units and warrants our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers, directors, or their affiliates may be issued in payment of working capital loans made to us, are entitled to demand that we register the resale of the representative shares, private securities and any other units and warrants we issue to them (and the underlying securities) commencing at any time after we consummate an initial business combination. The presence of these additional securities trading in the public market may have an adverse effect on the market price of our securities. In addition, the existence of these rights may make it more difficult to effectuate a business combination or increase the cost of acquiring the target business, as the stockholders of the target business may be discouraged from entering into a business combination with us or will request a higher price for their securities because of the potential effect the exercise of such rights may have on the trading market for our shares of common stock.
Provisions in our charter and bylaws and Delaware law may inhibit a takeover of us, which could limit the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for our common stock and could entrench management.
Our charter and bylaws contain provisions that may discourage unsolicited takeover proposals that stockholders may consider to be in their best interests. Our board of directors is divided into three classes, each of which will generally serve for a term of three years with only one class of directors being elected in each year. As a result, at a given annual meeting only a minority of the board of directors may be considered for election. Since our “staggered board” may prevent our stockholders from replacing a majority of our board of directors at any given annual meeting, it may entrench management and discourage unsolicited stockholder proposals that may be in the best interests of stockholders. Moreover, our board of directors has the ability to designate the terms of and issue new series of preferred stock.
We are also subject to anti-takeover provisions under Delaware law, which could delay or prevent a change of control. Together these provisions may make more difficult the removal of management and may discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for our securities.
Our charter provides, subject to limited exceptions, that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder litigation matters, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or stockholders.
Our charter requires, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that derivative actions brought in our name, actions against directors, officers and employees for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware and, if brought outside of Delaware, the stockholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to service of process on such stockholder’s counsel except any action (A) as to which the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), (B) which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, (C) for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction, or (D) any action arising under the Securities Act, as to which the Court of Chancery and the federal district court for the District of Delaware shall have concurrent jurisdiction. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the forum provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation.
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This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims, although our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder and may therefore bring a claim in another appropriate forum. We cannot be certain that a court will decide that this provision is either applicable or enforceable, and if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our charter provides that the exclusive forum provision will be applicable to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. As a result, the exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.
General Risks
We are an “emerging growth company” and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our shares of common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. We will remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years. However, if our non-convertible debt issued within a three year period or revenues exceeds $1.07 billion, or the market value of our shares of common stock that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million on the last day of the second fiscal quarter of any given fiscal year, we would cease to be an emerging growth company as of the following fiscal year. As an emerging growth company, we are not required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and we are exempt from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Additionally, as an emerging growth company, we have elected to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until those standards apply to private companies. As such, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates. We cannot predict if investors will find our shares of common stock less attractive because we may rely on these provisions. If some investors find our shares of common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our shares and our share price may be more volatile.
If we are deemed to be an investment company, we may be required to institute burdensome compliance requirements and our activities may be restricted, which may make it difficult for us to complete a business combination.
A company that, among other things, is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, trading or holding certain types of securities would be deemed an investment company under the Investment Company Act, as amended, or the Investment Company Act. Since the proceeds of our IPO held in the trust account have been invested by us, it is possible that we could be deemed an investment company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we do not believe that our anticipated principal activities will subject us to the Investment Company Act. To this end, the proceeds held in trust may be invested by the trustee only in United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act having a maturity of 180 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 promulgated under the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. By restricting the investment of the proceeds to these instruments, we intend to meet the requirements for the exemption provided in Rule 3a-1 promulgated under the Investment Company Act.
If we are nevertheless deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we may be subject to certain restrictions that may make it more difficult for us to complete a business combination, including:
| ● | restrictions on the nature of our investments; and | |
| ● | restrictions on the issuance of securities. |
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In addition, we may have imposed upon us certain burdensome requirements, including:
| ● | registration as an investment company; | |
| ● | adoption of a specific form of corporate structure; and | |
| ● | reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy, compliance policies and procedures and disclosure requirements and other rules and regulations. |
Compliance with these additional regulatory burdens would require additional expense for which we have not allotted.
Changes in laws or regulations, or a failure to comply with any laws and regulations, may adversely affect our business, investments and results of operations.
We are subject to laws and regulations enacted by national, regional and local governments. In particular, we are required to comply with certain SEC and other legal requirements. Compliance with, and monitoring of, applicable laws and regulations may be difficult, time consuming and costly. Those laws and regulations and their interpretation and application may also change from time to time and those changes could have a material adverse effect on our business, investments and results of operations. In addition, a failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations, as interpreted and applied, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
We currently maintain our principal executive offices at 135 E. 57th St., 17th Floor, New York, NY 10022. The cost for this space is included in the $10,000 per-month fee Vogel Partners, LLP, an affiliate of Stephen A. Vogel, our Chief Executive Officer, charges us for general and administrative services. We consider our current office space, combined with the other office space otherwise available to our executive officers, adequate for our current operations.
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our units, common stock and warrants are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Markets (“Nasdaq”) under the symbols THCAU, THCA and THCAW, respectively.
Holders
As of June 28, 2021, there were four holders of record of our units, twenty holders of record of our common stock and four holders of record of our warrants.
Dividends
We have not paid any cash dividends on our shares of common stock to date and do not intend to pay cash dividends prior to the completion of a business combination. The payment of cash dividends in the future will be contingent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements, and general financial condition subsequent to completion of a business combination. The payment of any dividends subsequent to a business combination will be within the discretion of our then board of directors. It is the present intention of our board of directors to retain all earnings, if any, for use in our business operations and, accordingly, our board does not anticipate declaring any dividends in the foreseeable future. Further, if we incur any indebtedness in connection with our initial business combination, our ability to declare dividends may be limited by restrictive covenants we may agree to in connection therewith.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
None.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Purchases of Equity Securities by Issuer and Affiliates
No purchases of our equity securities have been made by us or affiliated purchasers within the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Not applicable.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and the notes related thereto which are included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Form 10-K. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those set forth under “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations has been amended and restated to give effect to the restatement and revision of our financial statements as of December 31, 2020 and for the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2020. We are restating our historical financial results for such period to reclassify our Private Warrants as derivative liabilities pursuant to ASC 815-40 rather than as a component of equity as we had previously treated the Private Warrants. The impact of the restatement is reflected in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations below. Other than as disclosed in the Explanatory Note and with respect to the impact of the Restatement, no other information in this Item 7 has been amended and this Item 7 does not reflect any events occurring after the Original Filing. The impact of the restatement is more fully described in Note 2 to our financial statements included in Item 15 of Part IV of this Amendment and Item 9A: Controls and Procedures, both contained herein.
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Overview
We are a blank check company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware on March 5, 2019 for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or other similar Business Combination with one or more businesses. We intend to effectuate our initial business combination using cash from the proceeds of the IPO and Private Placement, our capital stock, debt or a combination of cash, stock and debt.
All activity through December 31, 2020 relates to our formation, our IPO, which was consummated on July 16, 2019, and searching for a target company for a business combination.
Recent Developments
On January 5, 2021, we received a notice from the staff of the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq Stock Market stating that we were no longer in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5620(a) for continued listing due to its failure to hold an annual meeting of stockholders within twelve months of the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(2)(G), we submitted a plan to regain compliance on February 17, 2021. Nasdaq accepted our plan and granted us an extension through June 29, 2021 to hold an annual meeting. We held the annual meeting on April 14, 2021, and extended the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from April 16, 2021 to September 30, 2021.
Results of Operations
We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our only activities from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2020 were organizational activities, those necessary to prepare for the IPO, described below, and, after our IPO, identifying a target company for a business combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our business combination. We generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held after the IPO. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses.
As a result of the restatement described in Note 2 of the notes to the financial statements included herein, we classify the Warrants issued in connection with our Initial Public Offering as liabilities at their fair value and adjust the warrant instrument to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in our statement of operations.
For the year ended December 31, 2020, we had net loss of $843,428, which consisted of operating costs of $619,292, change in fair value of warrant liability of $1,446,375, an unrealized loss on marketable securities held in the trust account of $4,365 and a provision for income taxes of $160,276, offset by interest income on marketable securities held in the trust account of $1,386,880
For the three months ended September 30, 2020, we had a net loss of $28,208, which consisted of operating costs of $197,092 and an unrealized loss on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $2,578, offset by interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $69,264, a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $74,813, and income tax benefit of $27,385.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we had net loss of $95,656, which consisted of interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $1,338,785 and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $11,455, offset by operating costs of $492,764, a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $773,062, and a provision for income taxes of $180,070.
For the three months ended June 30, 2020, we had a net loss of $808,079, which consisted of operating costs of $152,917, a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $723,188, and an unrealized loss on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $593,164, offset by interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $638,633 and income tax benefit of $22,557.
For the six months ended June 30, 2020, we had net loss of $67,448, which consisted of interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $1,269,521 and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $14,033, offset by operating costs of $295,672, a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $847,875, and a provision for income taxes of $207,455.
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For the three months ended March 31, 2020, we had net income of $740,631, which consisted of interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $630,888 and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $607,197, offset by operating costs of $142,755, a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $124,687, and a provision for income taxes of $230,012.
For the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, we had net income of $959,005, which consisted of a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $324,187, interest income on marketable securities held in the trust account of $1,551,684 and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in the trust account of $36,580, offset by operating costs of $458,616, transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering of $8,229, compensation expense related to warrant liabilities of $249,375, and provision for income taxes of $237,226.
For the three months ended September 30, 2019, we had net income of $618,347, which consisted of interest income on marketable securities held in the trust account of $696,010, a change in the fair value of warrant liabilities of $374,062, and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in the trust account of $69,460, offset by operating costs of $130,265, transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering of $8,229, compensation expense related to warrant liabilities of $249,375, and provision for income taxes of $133,316.
For the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through September 30, 2019, we had net income of $617,976, which consisted of interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $696,010, a change in the fair value of warrant liabilities of $374,062, and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $69,460, offset by operating costs of $130,636, transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering of $8,229, compensation expense related to warrant liabilities of $249,375, and provision for income taxes of $133,316.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
On July 16, 2019, we consummated the IPO of 15,000,000 Units at a price of $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of $150,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, we consummated the sale of 215,000 private units at a price of $10.00 per private unit and the sale of 2,150,000 private warrants at a price of $1.00 per private warrant in a private placement to the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee, generating gross proceeds of $4,300,000.
On July 18, 2019, the underwriters exercised their over-allotment option in full, resulting in an additional 2,250,000 units issued on July 19, 2019 for $22,500,000, less the underwriters’ discount of $450,000. In connection with the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option, the Company also consummated the sale of an additional 22,500 private units at $10.00 per private unit and the sale of an additional 225,000 private warrants at $1.00 per private warrant, generating total proceeds of $450,000. A total of $22,500,000 was deposited into the trust account.
Following the IPO and Private Placement, and the exercise of the over-allotment option, a total of $172,500,000 was placed in the trust account. We incurred $3,954,190 in transaction costs, including $3,450,000 of underwriting fees, and $504,190 of other offering costs.
For the year ended December 31, 2020, cash used in operating activities was $560,092. Net loss of $843,428 was affected by a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $1,446,375, interest earned on marketable securities held in the trust account of $1,386,880, an unrealized loss on marketable securities held in our trust account of $4,365 and a deferred tax benefit of $6,400. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $225,876 of cash from operating activities.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, cash used in operating activities was $466,059. Net loss of $95,656 was affected by interest earned on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $1,338,785, a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $773,062, an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our Trust Account of $11,455 and a deferred tax benefit of $5,276. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $212,051 of cash from operating activities.
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For the six months ended June 30, 2020, cash used in operating activities was $398,250. Net loss of $67,448 was affected by interest earned on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $1,269,521, a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $847,875, an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our Trust Account of $14,033 and a deferred tax benefit of $4,735. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $109,612 of cash from operating activities.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, cash used in operating activities was $584,389. Net income of $740,631 was affected by interest earned on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $630,888, a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $124,687, an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our Trust Account of $607,197 and a deferred tax provision of $119,830. Changes in operating assets and liabilities used $331,452 of cash from operating activities.
For the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, cash used in operating activities was $666,585. Net income of $959,005 was affected by a change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $324,187, transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering of $8,229, compensation expense related to warrant liabilities of $249,375, interest earned on marketable securities held in the trust account of $1,551,684, an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our trust account of $36,580 and a deferred income tax provision of $7,682. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $21,575 of cash from operating activities.
For the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through September 30, 2019, cash used in operating activities was $188,880. Net income of $617,976 was affected by interest earned on marketable securities held in the trust account of $696,010, an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our trust account of $69,460, a change in the fair value of warrant liabilities of $374,062, transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering of $8,229, compensation expense related to warrant liabilities of $249,375, and a deferred income tax provision of $14,587. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $60,485 of cash from operating activities.
As of December 31, 2020, we had marketable securities held in the trust account of $174,550,466 (including approximately $2,050,000 of interest income and unrealized gains) consisting of U.S. treasury bills with a maturity of 180 days or less. Interest income on the balance in the trust account may be used by us to pay taxes. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we withdrew $406,313 of interest income from the trust account to pay our franchise and income tax obligations. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we withdrew $514,000 of which $250,000 was withdrawn for working capital purposes and $264,000 was withdrawn to pay our franchise and income tax obligations.
We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the trust account, to acquire a target business and to pay our expenses relating thereto, including a fee payable to EarlyBirdCapital, upon consummation of our initial business combination for assisting us in connection with our initial business combination. To the extent that our capital stock is used in whole or in part as consideration to effect a business combination, the remaining funds held in the trust account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business. Such working capital funds could be used in a variety of ways including continuing or expanding the target business’ operations, for strategic acquisitions and for marketing, research and development of existing or new products. Such funds could also be used to repay any operating expenses or finders’ fees which we had incurred prior to the completion of our business combination if the funds available to us outside of the Trust Account were insufficient to cover such expenses.
As of December 31, 2020, we had cash of $515,524. We intend to use the funds held outside the trust account for identifying and evaluating prospective acquisition candidates, performing business due diligence on prospective target businesses, traveling to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses, reviewing corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, selecting the target business to acquire and structuring, negotiating and consummating the business combination.
In order to fund working capital deficiencies or finance transaction costs in connection with a business combination, the Sponsor, or certain of our officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If we complete a business combination, we will repay such loaned amounts. In the event that a business combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the trust account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from our trust account would be used for such repayment. Up to $750,000 of such loans may be convertible into units and up to $750,000 of such loans may be convertible into warrants identical to the private units and private warrants, at a price of $10.00 per unit and $1.00 per warrant at the option of the lender, respectively.
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We do not believe we will need to raise additional funds in order to meet the expenditures required for operating our business. However, if our estimate of the costs of identifying a target business, undertaking in-depth due diligence and negotiating a business combination are less than the actual amount necessary to do so, we may have insufficient funds available to operate our business prior to our business combination. Moreover, we may need to obtain additional financing either to complete our business combination or because we become obligated to redeem a significant number of our Public Shares upon consummation of our business combination, in which case we may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such business combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, we would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our business combination. If we are unable to complete our business combination because we do not have sufficient funds available to us, we will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following our business combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, we may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet our obligations.
Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements
We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2020. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.
Contractual Obligations
We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or long-term liabilities other than an agreement to pay an affiliate of our Sponsor a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative support. We began incurring these fees on July 11, 2019 and will continue to incur these fees monthly until the earlier of the completion of the business combination and our liquidation.
We have engaged EarlyBirdCapital as an advisor in connection with a Business Combination to assist us in holding meetings with our shareholders to discuss the potential business combination and the target business’ attributes, introduce us to potential investors that are interested in purchasing our securities in connection with a business combination, assist us in obtaining shareholder approval for the business combination and assist us with our press releases and public filings in connection with the business combination. We will pay EarlyBirdCapital a cash fee for such services upon the consummation of a business combination in an amount equal to $6,037,500 (exclusive of any applicable finders’ fees which might become payable); provided that up to 30% of the fee may be allocated at our sole discretion to other FINRA members that assist us in identifying and consummating a business combination.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies:
Warrant Liability
We account for warrants in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40-15-7D under which the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. As the Private Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815, we classify the Private Warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjust the Private Warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in our statement of operations. The Private Warrants for periods where no observable traded price was available are valued using a binomial lattice model. For periods subsequent to the detachment of the Private Warrants from the Units, the Public Warrant quoted market price was used as the fair value as of each relevant date (see Note 11).
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
We account for our common stock subject to possible conversion in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within our control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. Our common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of our control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of our balance sheets.
Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share
We apply the two-class method in calculating earnings per share. Net income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted for common stock subject to possible redemption is calculated by dividing the interest income earned on the Trust Account, net of applicable taxes, if any, by the weighted average number of shares of common stock subject to possible redemption outstanding for the period. Net income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted for and non-redeemable common stock is calculated by dividing net loss less income attributable to common stock subject to possible redemption, by the weighted average number of shares of non-redeemable common stock outstanding for the period presented.
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Non-redeemable common stock includes Founder Shares and non-redeemable shares of common stock as these shares do not have any redemption features. Non-redeemable common stock participates in the income or loss on marketable securities based on non-redeemable common stock shares’ proportionate interest.
Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on our financial statements.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
This information appears following Item 16 of this Form 10-K and is included herein by reference.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (our “Certifying Officers”) carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020. On March 19, 2021, we filed our Original 10-K. Based upon their evaluation at that time, our Certifying Officers had concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective. Subsequently, and in connection with this Amendment, our Certifying Officers re-evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020, pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation and in light of the SEC Statement, our Certifying Officers concluded that, solely due to the Company’s restatement of its financial statements to reclassify the Company’s Private Warrants as described in the Explanatory Note to this Amendment, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2020.
We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of these inherent limitations, management does not expect that our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all error and all fraud. Management conducted an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued in 2013 by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “2013 Framework”). Based on our evaluation under the 2013 Framework, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2020.
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In connection with the restatement of our financial statements included in this Amendment, our management, including our principal executive and financial officers, have evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and concluded that we did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020 because of a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below related to the accounting for a significant and unusual transaction related to the Private Warrants. Notwithstanding the material weakness described below, our management has concluded that our restated and revised audited financial statements included in this Amendment are fairly stated in all material respects in accordance with U.S. GAAP for each of the periods presented herein.
In connection with the restatement described in “Note 2— Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements” to the accompanying financial statements included in this Amendment, management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the accounting for a significant and unusual transaction related to the Private Warrants. This material weakness resulted in a material misstatement of our warrant liability, change in fair value of warrant liability, additional paid-in capital and retained earnings as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020.
To respond to this material weakness, we have devoted, and plan to continue to devote, significant effort and resources to the remediation and improvement of our internal control over financial reporting. While we have processes to identify and appropriately apply applicable accounting requirements, we plan to enhance these processes to better evaluate our research and understanding of the nuances of the complex accounting standards that apply to our financial statements. Our plans at this time include providing enhanced access to accounting literature, research materials and documents and increased communication among our personnel and third-party professionals with whom we consult regarding complex accounting applications. The elements of our remediation plan can only be accomplished over time, and we can offer no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects.
This Form 10-K does not include an attestation report of internal controls from our independent registered public accounting firm due to our status as an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act.
Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements
On June 25, 2021, we revised our prior position on accounting for warrants and concluded that our previously issued financial statements as of and for the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2020 should not be relied on because of a misapplication in the guidance on warrant accounting. However, the non-cash adjustments to the financial statements do not impact the amounts previously reported for our cash and cash equivalents, total assets, revenue or cash flows.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.) In light of the restatement of our financial statements included in this Amendment, we plan to enhance our processes to identify and appropriately apply applicable accounting requirements to better evaluate and understand the nuances of the complex accounting standards that apply to our financial statements. Our plans at this time include providing enhanced access to accounting literature, research materials and documents and increased communication among our personnel and third-party professionals with whom we consult regarding complex accounting applications. The elements of our remediation plan can only be accomplished over time, and we can offer no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects.
None.
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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Directors and Executive Officers
Our current directors and executive officers are as follows:
| Name | Age | Position | ||||
| Stephen A. Vogel | 72 | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||||
| Richard O. Rieger | 62 | Chief Financial Officer | ||||
| Sila Calderón | 79 | Director | ||||
| David H. Dickstein | 71 | Director | ||||
| Michael Auerbach | 43 | Director | ||||
Stephen A. Vogel has served as our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since our inception. Since November 2018, he has served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Tuscan Holdings Corp. (“Tuscan I”), a blank check company which recently announced that it had entered into a definitive agreement with respect to a proposed business combination with Microvast, Inc. Mr. Vogel has over 40 years of operating and private equity experience. He has served as General Partner of Vogel Partners, LLP, a private investment firm, since 1996. He served as President of Twelve Seas Investment Company, a blank check company from May 2018 until the completion of its business combination with Brooge Holdings Limited in December 2019, and he served as a director of the company from June 2018 until December 2019. From December 2016 until February 2018, Mr. Vogel was Executive Chairman of Forum Merger Corporation, a blank check company that completed its initial public offering in April 2017. Forum completed its initial business combination in February 2018 with C1 Investment Corp. and in connection with the consummation of the business combination changed its name to ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: CVON). Mr. Vogel began his career in 1971 as President, Chief Executive Officer and co-founder of Synergy Gas Corp., a retail propane distribution company. After selling Synergy Gas Corp. to Northwestern Corp. in 1995, Mr. Vogel co-founded EntreCapital Partners, a private equity firm that focused on companies facing operational or management challenges, and served until 1999. Additionally, he was a venture partner at EnerTech Capital Partners, an energy focused venture capital firm, from 1999 to 2002, and an operating partner at Tri-Artisan Capital Partners, LLC, an investment bank, from 2004 to 2006. Mr. Vogel also served as Chief Executive Officer of Grameen America, a not-for-profit organization that provides microloans to low-income borrowers in the United States, from 2008 to 2013. He was on the board of Netspend (NASDAQ: NTSP), a leader for prepaid stored value platforms, from 2011 to 2013. Mr. Vogel was a member of the Board of Trustees at Montefiore Medical Center and Children’s Hospital for over 20 years and served on the Board of Trustees at Lighthouse International, a non-profit organization. Mr. Vogel is a past Trustee of the Horace Mann School and previously served on the Board of Directors of the National Propane Gas Association. Mr. Vogel received a BS degree from Syracuse University School of Management. We believe Mr. Vogel is well-qualified to serve as a member of the board due to his business experience, including prior blank check company experience and his contacts.
Richard O. Rieger has been our Chief Financial Officer since June 2019 and served as a member of our board of directors from March 2019 to June 2019. He has also served as a member of the board of directors of Tuscan I since February 2019. Mr. Rieger has over 33 years of investment experience. Since January 2016, he has served as the President of Inkblot Capital, LLC, which is a family office. Prior to this, Mr. Rieger was a Principal, Member of the Executive Committee and Co-Chief Investment Officer of Kingdon Capital Management LLC (“Kingdon”) from 1992 to September 2014 and then served as a consultant to Kingdon until December 2015. He joined Kingdon in December 1992 as a Portfolio Manager and was named Co-Director of Domestic Equity Research in March 1995 and the Chief Investment Officer in May 2002. From January 1992 to December 1992, Mr. Rieger worked as a securities Analyst and a Portfolio Manager for Glickenhaus & Co., an investment manager. Prior to this, Mr. Rieger served as an Analyst for several investment firms, including Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc., Allen & Company and Sloate, Weisman, Murray & Co. Mr. Rieger is on the Photography Committee at the Museum of Modern Art and the Investment Committee of Ethical Cultural Fieldston School. He previously served on the board of the University Settlement House in New York City and was a trustee at the Ethical Cultural Fieldston School and the Rippowam Cisqua School in Bedford NY. Mr. Rieger received a BA from the University of Michigan.
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Sila Calderón has served as a member of our board of directors since July 2020. She served as Mayor of San Juan from 1997 to 2000 and Governor of Puerto Rico from 2001 to 2004 and is currently president of Inter-American Global Links, Inc., a trade and business advisory firm. Governor Calderón also chairs the board of trustees of the foundation that bears her name and its operational arm, the Center for Puerto Rico, a non-profit organization that focuses on community economic development and increasing the entrepreneurial skills and opportunities for disadvantaged citizens. In the public sector, Governor Calderón previously served as Special Aide for Economic Development to the Governor, Chief of Staff, and Secretary of State. She was also a member of the board of directors of the Government Development Bank. As a private citizen, Mrs. Calderón was a member of the boards of Banco Popular de Puerto Rico and Pueblo Internacional. She also chaired the board of the Public Broadcasting Corporation (WIPR) and the Cantera Peninsula Development Project. Presently, Mrs. Calderón serves as Life Trustee of the New York Public Library and Grammen America, Inc. Several countries have bestowed on Mrs. Calderón their highest civic honors: Orden Duarte, Sánchez y Mella of the Dominican Republic, Orden Nuñes de Balboa of Panamá, Orden Juan Satamaría of Costa Rica, as well as Orden Isabel La Católica by the King of Spain. In 2015, U.S. President Barack Obama granted Mrs. Calderon the Lifetime Achievement Award. Mrs. Calderon holds a Bachelor of Arts in Government from Manhattanville College in Purchase, New York, pursued studies at the University of Puerto Rico’s Graduate School of Public Administration, and attended the Stanford University Executive Program on Strategic Planning. We believe Mrs. Calderón is well-qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors due to her experience overseeing a broad array of financial, economic, and policy issues as Governor and Mayor and her business experience, contacts, and relationships.
David H. Dickstein has served as a member of our Board of Directors since June 2019. He is a seasoned investor, investing in a variety of instruments ranging from equities and bonds to real estate ventures and other special purpose acquisition corporations. Since 1971, Mr. Dickstein has been with Jacobson Hat Co. Inc., currently serving as its Corporate Treasurer and Import Director. Founded in 1930, Jacobson Hat Co. offers the widest variety of headwear in the world. Mr. Dickstein has co-managed all aspects of the business, including finance, over his 48 years with the Company. Mr. Dickstein has also been a partner of 310 Penn LLC ,which owns and operates commercial properties and residential rental properties, since 2009. He has served as Treasurer and President of the Scranton JCC, and serves on the finance committee of Temple Hesed of Scranton. He is a former Executive Committee member of the Board of Directors of the Scranton Chapter of the American Red Cross, and currently is a member of the Board and Executive Committee for the Jewish Home of Northeastern PA. He also serves on the Board and Finance Committee of Elan Gardens, a non-profit assisted living facility in Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania. Mr. Dickstein received a BS in Industrial Engineering from Lehigh University. We believe Mr. Dickstein is well-qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors due to his business experience, contacts and relationships.
Michael Auerbach has served as a member of our Board of Directors since June 2019. He served as a member of the board of directors of Tuscan I from February 2019 to August 2019. Since June 2019, Mr. Auerbach has served as a member of the board of directors of The Parent Company (NEO: GRAM) (formerly Subversive Capital Acquisition Corp.), a vertically integrated cannabis operation in California. Since July 2012, Mr. Auerbach has served as Senior Vice President of Albright Stonebridge Group, a global strategy firm. Since 2012, he also serves as a General Partner of Subversive Capital, a venture capital firm. From September 2009 to July 2012, he was Vice President, Social Risk Consulting at Control Risks, a global risk consulting firm. From September 2010 to January 2011, he was also an Adjunct Professor at The New School for Social Research. From 2007 to 2009, he was Chief Executive Officer of Social Risks, LLC, a consulting firm. From 2005 to 2007, he was Associate Director for The Century Foundation, a progressive, non-partisan think tank. He began his career in technology in 1993 when he founded Panopticon, a venture capital incubator concentrating on internet and mobile technology, and served as its Chief Executive Officer until January 2004. Mr. Auerbach sits on the boards of Privateer Holdings, Inc., Tilray, Inc, Duco Advisors, Inc., JackPocket, Inc. and MainBase, SA. Mr. Auerbach is a former term member at the Council on Foreign Relations, a national security fellow at the Truman National Security Project and sits on the founding advisory board of the Theodore C. Sorensen Center for International Peace and Justice at the CUNY School of Law. Mr. Auerbach received a B.A. from The New School for Social Research and a M.A. from Columbia University. We believe Mr. Auerbach is well-qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors due to his business experience, contacts and relationships.
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Independence of Directors
The Company adheres to the rules of Nasdaq in determining whether a director is independent. The board of directors of the Company consults with its counsel to ensure that the board’s determinations are consistent with those rules and all relevant securities and other laws and regulations regarding the independence of directors. The Nasdaq listing standards define an “independent director” as a person, other than an executive officer of a company or any other individual having a relationship which, in the opinion of the issuer’s board of directors, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. We have determined that David Dickstein, Michael Auerbach, and Sila Calderón are independent directors under the Nasdaq Listing rules.
Committees of the Board of Directors
We have three standing committees: an audit committee, a nominating committee, and a compensation committee. Each such committee is composed of solely independent directors.
Audit Committee
Effective July 11, 2019, we established an audit committee of the board of directors, in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Exchange Act, which is currently comprised of David Dickstein, Sila Calderón, and Michael Auerbach each of whom is an independent director under Nasdaq’s listing standards. The audit committee’s duties, which are specified in our Audit Committee Charter, include, but are not limited to:
| ● | reviewing and discussing with management and the independent auditor the annual audited financial statements, and recommending to the board whether the audited financial statements should be included in our Form 10-K; | |
| ● | discussing with management and the independent auditor significant financial reporting issues and judgments made in connection with the preparation of our financial statements; | |
| ● | discussing with management major risk assessment and risk management policies; | |
| ● | monitoring the independence of the independent auditor; | |
| ● | verifying the rotation of the lead (or coordinating) audit partner having primary responsibility for the audit and the audit partner responsible for reviewing the audit as required by law; | |
| ● | reviewing and approving all related-party transactions; | |
| ● | inquiring and discussing with management our compliance with applicable laws and regulations; | |
| ● | pre-approving all audit services and permitted non-audit services to be performed by our independent auditor, including the fees and terms of the services to be performed; | |
| ● | appointing or replacing the independent auditor; | |
| ● | determining the compensation and oversight of the work of the independent auditor (including resolution of disagreements between management and the independent auditor regarding financial reporting) for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or related work; | |
| ● | establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by us regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or reports which raise material issues regarding our financial statements or accounting policies; and | |
| ● | approving reimbursement of expenses incurred by our management team in identifying potential target businesses |
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During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, our audit committee held 3 meetings. Each of the audit committee members attended all of the meetings of the audit committee in fiscal year 2020.
Financial Experts on Audit Committee
The audit committee is and will at all times be composed exclusively of “independent directors” who are “financially literate” as defined under Nasdaq’s listing standards. Nasdaq listing standards define “financially literate” as being able to read and understand fundamental financial statements, including a company’s balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement. In addition, we must certify to Nasdaq that the committee has, and will continue to have, at least one member who has past employment experience in finance or accounting, requisite professional certification in accounting, or other comparable experience or background that results in the individual’s financial sophistication. The board of directors has determined that Michael Auerbach qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as defined under rules and regulations of the SEC.
Nominating Committee
Effective July 11, 2019, we established a nominating committee of the board of directors, which consists of David Dickstein and Michael Auerbach, each of whom is an independent director under Nasdaq’s listing standards. The nominating committee is responsible for overseeing the selection of persons to be nominated to serve on our board of directors. The nominating committee considers persons identified by its members, management, shareholders, investment bankers and others.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 the nominating committee did not hold any meetings.
Guidelines for Selecting Director Nominees
The guidelines for selecting nominees, which are specified in the Nominating Committee Charter, generally provide that persons to be nominated:
| ● | should have demonstrated notable or significant achievements in business, education or public service; | |
| ● | should possess the requisite intelligence, education and experience to make a significant contribution to the board of directors and bring a range of skills, diverse perspectives and backgrounds to its deliberations; and | |
| ● | should have the highest ethical standards, a strong sense of professionalism and intense dedication to serving the interests of the shareholders. |
The Nominating Committee will consider a number of qualifications relating to management and leadership experience, background, and integrity and professionalism in evaluating a person’s candidacy for membership on the board of directors. The nominating committee may require certain skills or attributes, such as financial or accounting experience, to meet specific board needs that arise from time to time and will also consider the overall experience and makeup of its members to obtain a broad and diverse mix of board members. The nominating committee does not distinguish among nominees recommended by shareholders and other persons.
There have been no material changes to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to our board of directors.
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Compensation Committee
Effective July 11, 2019, we established a compensation committee of the board of directors, which consists of David Dickstein and Michael Auerbach, each of whom is an independent director under Nasdaq’s listing standards. The compensation committee’s duties, which are specified in our Compensation Committee Charter, include, but are not limited to:
| ● | reviewing and approving on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives relevant to our Chief Executive Officer’s compensation, evaluating our Chief Executive Officer’s performance in light of such goals and objectives and determining and approving the remuneration (if any) of our Chief Executive Officer based on such evaluation; | |
| ● | reviewing and approving the compensation of all of our other executive officers; | |
| ● | reviewing our executive compensation policies and plans; | |
| ● | implementing and administering our incentive compensation equity-based remuneration plans; | |
| ● | assisting management in complying with our proxy statement and annual report disclosure requirements; | |
| ● | approving all special perquisites, special cash payments and other special compensation and benefit arrangements for our executive officers and employees; | |
| ● | if required, producing a report on executive compensation to be included in our annual proxy statement; and | |
| ● | reviewing, evaluating, and recommending changes, if appropriate, to the remuneration for directors. |
Notwithstanding the foregoing, as indicated below, other than the $10,000 per month administrative fee, no compensation of any kind, including finders, consulting or other similar fees, will be paid to any of our existing stockholders, including our directors, or any of their respective affiliates, prior to, or for any services they render in order to effectuate, the consummation of a business combination. Accordingly, it is likely that prior to the consummation of an initial business combination, the compensation committee will only be responsible for the review and recommendation of any compensation arrangements to be entered into in connection with such initial business combination.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, the compensation committee did not hold any meetings.
Code of Ethics
Effective July 11, 2019, we adopted a code of ethics that applies to all of our executive officers, directors, and employees. The code of ethics codifies the business and ethical principles that govern all aspects of our business. We will provide, without charge, upon request, copies of our code of ethics. Requests for copies of our code of ethics should be sent in writing to 135 E. 57th St., 17th Floor, New York, NY 10022.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Executive Compensation
No executive officer has received any cash compensation for services rendered to us. Until we consummate the acquisition of a target business we will pay Vogel Partners, LLP, an affiliate of Mr. Vogel, an aggregate fee of $10,000 per month for providing us with office space and certain office and secretarial services. However, this arrangement is solely for our benefit and is not intended to provide Mr. Vogel compensation in lieu of a salary.
Other than the $10,000 per month administrative fee, the payment of consulting, success or finder fees to our Sponsor, officers, directors, initial stockholders or their affiliates in connection with the consummation of our initial business combination and the repayment of working capital loans made to us, no compensation or fees of any kind, including finder’s, consulting fees and other similar fees, will be paid to our sponsor, initial stockholders, members of our management team or the board of directors, or their respective affiliates, for services rendered prior to or in connection with the consummation of our initial business combination (regardless of the type of transaction that it is). However, they will receive reimbursement for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them in connection with activities on our behalf, such as identifying potential target businesses, performing business due diligence on suitable target businesses and business combinations as well as traveling to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses to examine their operations. There is no limit on the amount of out-of-pocket expenses reimbursable by us.
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After our initial business combination, members of our management team who remain with us may be paid consulting, management or other fees from the combined company with any and all amounts being fully disclosed to stockholders, to the extent then known, in the proxy solicitation materials furnished to our stockholders. It is unlikely the amount of such compensation will be known at the time of a stockholder meeting held to consider an initial business combination, as it will be up to the directors of the post-combination business to determine executive and director compensation. In this event, such compensation will be publicly disclosed at the time of its determination in a Current Report on Form 8-K, as required by the SEC.
Since our formation, we have not granted any stock options or stock appreciation rights or any other awards under long-term incentive plans to any of our executive officers or directors.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock by:
| ● | each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock; | |
| ● | each of our officers and directors; and | |
| ● | all of our officers and directors as a group. |
Unless otherwise indicated, we believe that all persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock beneficially owned by them. The following table does not reflect record of beneficial ownership of the warrants included in the units offered in the IPO or the private units as the warrants are not exercisable within 60 days of the date hereof.
| Name and Address of Beneficial Owner (1) | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership | Approximate Percentage of Outstanding Shares | ||||||
| Stephen A. Vogel | 4,510,938 | (2) | 21.6 | % | ||||
| Richard O. Rieger | — | (3) | — | |||||
| Michael Auerbach | — | (3) | — | |||||
| David H. Dickstein | — | (3) | — | |||||
| Sila Calderón | — | (3) | — | |||||
| All directors and executive officers as a group (five individuals) | 4,510,938 | 21.6 | % | |||||
| Tuscan Holdings Acquisition II LLC | 4,510,938 | (2) | 21.6 | |||||
| * | Less than 1%. |
| (1) | Unless otherwise indicated, the business address of each of the individuals is 135 E. 57th St., 17th Floor, New York, NY 10022. |
| (2) | Represents securities held by Tuscan Holdings Acquisition II LLC, of which Mr. Vogel is sole managing member. Mr. Vogel disclaims beneficial ownership of the reported shares other than to the extent of his ultimate pecuniary interest therein. |
| (3) | Does not include any securities held by Tuscan Holdings Acquisition II LLC, of which each person is a member. Each such person disclaims beneficial ownership of the reported shares other than to the extent of his ultimate pecuniary interest therein. |
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All of the founders’ shares outstanding prior to the IPO have been placed in escrow with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as escrow agent, until (i) with respect to 50% of such shares, the earlier of one year after the date of the consummation of our initial business combination and the date on which the closing price of our common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for share splits, share dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing after our initial business combination and (ii) with respect to the remaining 50% of such shares, one year after the date of the consummation of our initial business combination, or earlier if, subsequent to our initial business combination, we consummate a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of our stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.
During the escrow period, the holders of these shares will not be able to sell or transfer their securities except for transfers, assignments or sales (i) among our initial stockholders or to our initial stockholders’ members, officers, directors, consultants or their affiliates, (ii) to a holder’s stockholders or members upon its liquidation, (iii) by bona fide gift to a member of the holder’s immediate family or to a trust, the beneficiary of which is the holder or a member of the holder’s immediate family, for estate planning purposes, (iv) by virtue of the laws of descent and distribution upon death, (v) pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order, (vi) to us for no value for cancellation in connection with the consummation of our initial business combination, or (vii) in connection with the consummation of a business combination at prices no greater than the price at which the shares were originally purchased, in each case (except for clause (vi) or with our prior consent) where the transferee agrees to the terms of the escrow agreement and to be bound by these transfer restrictions, but will retain all other rights as our stockholders, including, without limitation, the right to vote their shares of common stock and the right to receive cash dividends, if declared. If dividends are declared and payable in shares of common stock, such dividends will also be placed in escrow. If we are unable to effect a business combination and liquidate, there will be no liquidation distribution with respect to the founders’ shares. Our executive officers and our Sponsor are our “promoters,” as that term is defined under the federal securities laws.
Equity Compensation Plans
As of December 31, 2020, we had no compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements) under which equity securities of the registrant were authorized for issuance.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Related Person Transactions
Sponsor Shares
In March 2019, the sponsor purchased 3,593,750 sponsor shares for an aggregate price of $25,000. On July 11, 2019, the Company effected a stock dividend of 0.2 share for each share outstanding (the “stock dividend”), resulting in an aggregate of 4,312,500 sponsor shares outstanding.
The sponsor has agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of the sponsor shares until, with respect to 50% of the sponsor shares, the earlier of one year after the consummation of a business combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after a business combination and, with respect to the remaining 50% of the sponsor shares, until one year after the consummation of a business combination, or earlier, in either case, if, subsequent to a business combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.
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Advance from Related Party
In July 2019, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer advanced the Company an aggregate of $45,897 to be used for the payment of costs related to the IPO. The advances were non-interest bearing, unsecured and due on demand. Advances amounting to $45,897 were repaid upon consummation of the IPO.
Other Receivable — Related Party
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we paid expenses on behalf of an affiliate that were mainly settled during the same period. An aggregate amount of $22,195 was due from this affiliate as of December 31, 2019.
Promissory Note — Related Party
Stephen Vogel, our Chief Executive Officer, loaned us an aggregate of $149,000 on a non-interest bearing basis for payment of expenses related to the IPO pursuant to a promissory note issued to Mr. Vogel by us, which allows us to borrow up to an aggregate principal amount of $150,000. The promissory note was repaid on July 16, 2019.
Related Party Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with a business combination, the Sponsor, or certain of the Company’s officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). If the Company completes a business combination, the Company will repay the Working Capital Loans out of the proceeds of the trust account released to the Company. Otherwise, the Working Capital Loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the trust account. In the event that a business combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of proceeds held outside the trust account to repay the Working Capital Loans, but no proceeds held in the trust account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans. Except for the foregoing, the terms of such Working Capital Loans, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans. The Working Capital Loans would either be repaid upon consummation of a business combination, without interest, or, at the lender’s discretion, up to $750,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be converted into units of the post business combination entity at a price of $10.00 per unit and up to $750,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be converted into warrants of the post business combination entity at a price of $1.00 per warrant. The units and warrants would be identical to the private units and private warrants, respectively.
Administrative Support Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement whereby, commencing on July 11, 2019, through the earlier of the Company’s consummation of a business combination and its liquidation, the Company will pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative support. The Company began incurring these fees on July 11, 2019 and will continue to incur these fees monthly until the earlier of the completion of the initial business combination and the Company’s liquidation.
Related Person Policy
Our Code of Ethics, which we adopted upon consummation of the IPO, requires us to avoid, wherever possible, all related party transactions that could result in actual or potential conflicts of interests, except under guidelines approved by the board of directors (or the audit committee). Related-party transactions are defined as transactions in which (1) the aggregate amount involved will or may be expected to exceed $120,000 in any calendar year, (2) we or any of our subsidiaries is a participant, and (3) any (a) executive officer, director or nominee for election as a director, (b) greater than 5% beneficial owner of our shares of common stock, or (c) immediate family member, of the persons referred to in clauses (a) and (b), has or will have a direct or indirect material interest (other than solely as a result of being a director or a less than 10% beneficial owner of another entity). A conflict of interest situation can arise when a person takes actions or has interests that may make it difficult to perform his or her work objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest may also arise if a person, or a member of his or her family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position.
Our audit committee, pursuant to its written charter, is responsible for reviewing and approving related-party transactions to the extent we enter into such transactions. All ongoing and future transactions between us and any of our officers and directors or their respective affiliates will be on terms believed by us to be no less favorable to us than are available from unaffiliated third parties. Such transactions will require prior approval by our audit committee and a majority of our uninterested “independent” directors, or the members of our board who do not have an interest in the transaction, in either case who had access, at our expense, to our attorneys or independent legal counsel. We will not enter into any such transaction unless our audit committee and a majority of our disinterested “independent” directors determine that the terms of such transaction are no less favorable to us than those that would be available to us with respect to such a transaction from unaffiliated third parties.
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These procedures are intended to determine whether any such related party transaction impairs the independence of a director or presents a conflict of interest on the part of a director, employee or officer.
To further minimize potential conflicts of interest, we have agreed not to consummate a business combination with an entity which is affiliated with any of our officers, directors, special advisors or holders of insider shares unless we obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm or another independent entity that commonly renders valuation opinions, that the business combination is fair to our unaffiliated stockholders from a financial point of view. Furthermore, in no event will any of our existing officers, directors, special advisors or holders of insider shares, or any entity with which they are affiliated, be paid any finder’s fee, consulting fee or other compensation prior to, or for any services they render in order to effectuate, the consummation of a business combination.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.
The following is a summary of fees paid or to be paid to Marcum LLP, or Marcum, for services rendered.
Audit Fees. Audit fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our year-end financial statements and services that are normally provided by Marcum in connection with regulatory filings. The aggregate fees billed by Marcum for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements, review of the financial information included in our Forms 10-Q for the respective periods and other required filings with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2020 totaled $53,148. The above amounts include interim procedures and audit fees, as well as attendance at audit committee meetings.
Audit-Related Fees. Audit-related services consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” These services include attest services that are not required by statute or regulation and consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards. We did not pay Marcum for consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Tax Fees. We paid Marcum an aggregate of $4,017 for tax planning and tax advice for the year ended December 31, 2020.
All Other Fees. We did not pay Marcum for other services for the year ended December 31, 2020
Pre-Approval Policy
Our audit committee was formed upon the consummation of our IPO. As a result, the audit committee did not pre-approve all of the foregoing services, although any services rendered prior to the formation of our audit committee were approved by our board of directors. Since the formation of our audit committee, and on a going-forward basis, the audit committee has and will pre-approve all auditing services and permitted non-audit services to be performed for us by our auditors, including the fees and terms thereof (subject to the de minimis exceptions for non-audit services described in the Exchange Act which are approved by the audit committee prior to the completion of the audit).
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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, AND SCHEDULES
| (a) | The following documents are filed as part of this report: |
| (1) | Financial Statements: |
| Description | Page | |
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-2 | |
| Balance Sheet | F-3 | |
| Statement of Operations | F-4 | |
| Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity | F-5 | |
| Statement of Cash Flows | F-6 | |
| Notes to Financial Statements | F-7 to F-23 |
| (2) | Financial Statement Schedules: |
None.
| (b) | The following Exhibits are filed as part of this report: |
| * | Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 16, 2019 |
| ** | Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (SEC File Nos. 333-232205 and 333-232616). |
None.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Section 13 or 15 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 28th day of June, 2021.
| TUSCAN HOLDINGS CORP. II | ||
| By: | /s/ Stephen A. Vogel | |
| Stephen A. Vogel | ||
| Chief Executive Officer | ||
In accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Name | Title | Date | ||
| /s/ Stephen A. Vogel | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | |||
| Stephen A. Vogel | (Principal Executive Officer) | June 28, 2021 | ||
| /s/ Richard O. Rieger | Chief Financial Officer | |||
| Richard O. Rieger | (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | June 28, 2021 | ||
| /s/ Michael Auerbach | Director | |||
| Michael Auerbach | June 28, 2021 | |||
| /s/ David H. Dickstein | Director | |||
| David H. Dickstein | June 28, 2021 | |||
| /s/ Sila Calderón | Director | |||
| Sila Calderón | June 28, 2021 |
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TUSCAN HOLDINGS CORP. II
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-2 | ||
| Financial Statements: | |||
| Balance Sheets | F-3 | ||
| Statements of Operations | F-4 | ||
| Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity | F-5 | ||
| Statements of Cash Flows | F-6 | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | F-7 to F-23 |
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of
Tuscan Holdings Corp. II
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Tuscan Holdings Corp. II (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Restatement of 2020 Financial Statements
As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the accompanying financial statements as of December 31, 2020 and for the year then ended, have been restated.
Restatement of 2019 Financial Statements
As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the accompanying financial statements as of December 31, 2019 and for the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, have been restated.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Marcum llp
Marcum llp
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.
New York, NY
March 19, 2021 except for the effects of the restatement discussed in Note 2 and Note 11 as to which the date is June 28, 2021.
F-2
BALANCE SHEETS (As Restated)
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current assets | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | 515,524 | $ | 419,303 | ||||
| Prepaid income taxes | — | 34,456 | ||||||
| Other receivable – related party | 22,195 | — | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 26,500 | 92,824 | ||||||
| Total Current Assets | 564,219 | 546,583 | ||||||
| Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account | 174,550,466 | 173,824,264 | ||||||
| TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 175,114,685 | $ | 174,370,847 | ||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 163,910 | $ | 148,839 | ||||
| Income taxes payable | 132,220 | — | ||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | 296,130 | 148,839 | ||||||
| Warrant liabilities | 3,865,313 | 2,418,938 | ||||||
| Deferred tax liability | 1,282 | 7,682 | ||||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES | 4,162,725 | 2,575,459 | ||||||
| Commitments | ||||||||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption, 16,425,578 and 16,585,828 shares at redemption value at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively | 165,951,952 | 166,795,387 | ||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding | — | — | ||||||
| Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 5,561,922 and 5,401,672 shares issued and outstanding (excluding 16,425,578 and 16,585,828 shares subject to possible redemption) at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively | 556 | 540 | ||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 4,883,875 | 4,040,456 | ||||||
| Retained earnings | 115,577 | 959,005 | ||||||
| Total Stockholders’ Equity | 5,000,008 | 5,000,001 | ||||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | $ | 175,114,685 | $ | 174,370,847 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
F-3
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (As Restated)
| Year Ended December 31, | For the Period from March 5, 2019 (Inception) Through December 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
| Operating and formation costs | $ | 619,292 | $ | 458,616 | ||||
| Loss from operations | (619,292 | ) | (458,616 | ) | ||||
| Other (expense) income: | ||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | (1,446,375 | ) | 324,187 | |||||
| Transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering | — | (8,229 | ) | |||||
| Compensation expense related to warrant liabilities | — | (249,375 | ) | |||||
| Interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account | 1,386,880 | 1,551,684 | ||||||
| Unrealized (loss) gain on marketable securities held in Trust Account | (4,365 | ) | 36,580 | |||||
| Other (expense) income, net | (63,860 | ) | 1,654,847 | |||||
| (Loss) Income before provision for income taxes | (683,152 | ) | 1,196,231 | |||||
| Provision for income taxes | (160,276 | ) | (237,226 | ) | ||||
| Net (loss) income | $ | (843,428 | ) | $ | 959,005 | |||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, Common stock subject to possible redemption | 16,524,541 | 15,569,256 | ||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, Common stock subject to possible redemption | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.08 | ||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock | 5,462,959 | 4,747,958 | ||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, Common Stock | $ | (0.29 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
F-4
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (As Restated)
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in | Retained | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Earnings | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance – March 5, 2019 (inception) | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock to Sponsor | 4,312,500 | 431 | 24,569 | — | 25,000 | |||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Representative Shares | 187,500 | 19 | 1,075 | — | 1,094 | |||||||||||||||
| Sale of 17,250,000 Units, net of underwriting discount and offering expenses | 17,250,000 | 1,725 | 168,544,085 | — | 168,545,810 | |||||||||||||||
| Sale of 237,500 Private Units | 237,500 | 24 | 2,264,455 | — | 2,264,479 | |||||||||||||||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption | (16,585,828 | ) | (1,659 | ) | (166,793,728 | ) | — | (166,795,387 | ) | |||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | 959,005 | 959,005 | |||||||||||||||
| Balance – December 31, 2019 | 5,401,672 | 540 | 4,040,456 | 959,005 | 5,000,001 | |||||||||||||||
| Change in value of common stock subject to possible redemption | 160,250 | 16 | 843,419 | — | 843,435 | |||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | (843,428 | ) | (843,428 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Balance – December 31, 2020 | 5,561,922 | $ | 556 | $ | 4,883,875 | $ | 115,577 | $ | 5,000,008 | |||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
F-5
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (As Restated)
| Year Ended December 31, | For the Period from March 5, 2019 (Inception) Through December 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Net (loss) income | $ | (843,428 | ) | $ | 959,005 | |||
| Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | 1,446,375 | (324,187 | ) | |||||
| Transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering | — | 8,229 | ||||||
| Compensation expense related to warrant liabilities | — | 249,375 | ||||||
| Interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account | (1,386,880 | ) | (1,551,684 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized loss (gain) on marketable securities held in Trust Account | 4,365 | (36,580 | ) | |||||
| Deferred tax (benefit) provision | (6,400 | ) | 7,682 | |||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Other receivable | (22,195 | ) | — | |||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 66,324 | (92,808 | ) | |||||
| Prepaid income taxes | 34,456 | (34,456 | ) | |||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 15,071 | 148,839 | ||||||
| Income taxes payable | 132,220 | — | ||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | (560,092 | ) | (666,585 | ) | ||||
| Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | ||||||||
| Investment of cash in Trust Account | — | (172,500,000 | ) | |||||
| Cash withdrawn for working capital purposes | 250,000 | — | ||||||
| Cash withdrawn to pay income taxes | 406,313 | 264,000 | ||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 656,313 | (172,236,000 | ) | |||||
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of Units, net of underwriting discounts paid | — | 169,050,000 | ||||||
| Proceeds from sale of Private Units | — | 2,375,000 | ||||||
| Proceeds from sale of Private Warrants | — | 2,375,000 | ||||||
| Advances from related party | — | 45,897 | ||||||
| Repayment of advances from related party | — | (45,897 | ) | |||||
| Proceeds from promissory note - related party | — | 150,000 | ||||||
| Repayment of promissory note - related party | — | (150,00 | ) | |||||
| Payment of offering costs | — | (478,112 | ) | |||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | — | 173,321,888 | ||||||
| Net Change in Cash | 96,221 | 419,303 | ||||||
| Cash – Beginning of period | 419,303 | — | ||||||
| Cash – End of period | $ | 515,524 | $ | 419,303 | ||||
| Non-Cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||
| Initial classification of common stock subject to possible redemption | $ | — | $ | 165,578,405 | ||||
| Change in value of common stock subject to possible redemption | $ | (843,435 | ) | $ | 1,216,982 | |||
| Issuance of Representative Shares | — | $ | 1,094 | |||||
| Offering costs paid directly by Sponsor from proceeds from issuance of common stock to Sponsor | $ | — | $ | 25,000 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
F-6
NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS
Tuscan Holdings Corp. II (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on March 5, 2019. The Company was formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities (the “Business Combination”).
The Company is not limited to a particular industry or sector for purposes of consummating a Business Combination. The Company is an early stage and emerging growth company and, as such, the Company is subject to all of the risks associated with early stage and emerging growth companies.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activity through December 31, 2020 relates to the Company’s formation, its initial public offering (“Initial Public Offering”), which is described below, and, after the Initial Public Offering, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the Initial Public Offering.
The registration statement for the Company’s Initial Public Offering was declared effective on July 11, 2019. On July 16, 2019, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 15,000,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the shares of common stock included in the Units being offered, the “Public Shares”), at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $150,000,000, which is described in Note 4.
Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company consummated the sale of 215,000 units (the “Private Units”) at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit and the sale of 2,150,000 warrants (the “Private Warrants” and, together with the Private Units, the “Private Securities”) at a price of $1.00 per Private Warrant in a private placement to Tuscan Holdings Acquisition II LLC (the “Sponsor”) and EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. (“EarlyBirdCapital”) and its designee, generating gross proceeds of $4,300,000, which is described in Note 5.
Following the closing of the Initial Public Offering on July 16, 2019, an amount of $150,000,000 ($10.00 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Securities was placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”) which were invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), with a maturity of 180 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund selected by the Company meeting the conditions of Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account, as described below.
On July 18, 2019, the underwriters exercised their over-allotment option in full, resulting in an additional 2,250,000 Units issued on July 19, 2019 for $22,500,000, less the underwriters’ discount of $450,000. In connection with the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option, the Company also consummated the sale of an additional 22,500 Private Units at $10.00 per Private Unit and the sale of an additional 225,000 Private Warrants at $1.00 per Private Warrant, generating total proceeds of $450,000. A total of $22,500,000 was deposited into the Trust Account, bringing the aggregate proceeds held in the Trust Account to $172,500,000.
Transaction costs amounted to $3,954,190, consisting of $3,450,000 of underwriting fees and $504,190 of other offering costs.
The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Securities, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to complete a Business Combination successfully. The Company must complete a Business Combination having an aggregate fair market value of at least 80% of the assets held in the Trust Account (excluding taxes payable on income earned on the Trust Account) at the time of the agreement to enter into an initial Business Combination. The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
F-7
The Company will provide its holders of the outstanding Public Shares (the “public stockholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The public stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account ($10.00 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its franchise and income tax obligations and up to $250,000 per 12-month period for working capital requirements). There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of a Business Combination with respect to the Company’s warrants.
The Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon such consummation of a Business Combination and, if the Company seeks stockholder approval, a majority of the shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination. If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”), conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Company’s Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital (and its designee) have agreed to vote their Founder Shares (as defined in Note 5), Representative Shares (as defined in Note 7), Private Shares (as defined in Note 4) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the Initial Public Offering in favor of approving a Business Combination and not to convert any shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a Business Combination or sell any shares to the Company in a tender offer in connection with a Business Combination. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction or don’t vote at all.
The Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital (and its designee) have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to their Founder Shares, Private Shares and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination, (b) to waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to the Founder Shares, Representative Shares and Private Shares if the Company fails to consummate a Business Combination, and (c) not to propose an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect a public stockholders’ ability to convert or sell their shares to the Company in connection with a Business Combination or affect the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.
The Company has until September 30, 2021 to consummate a Business Combination (the “Combination Period”). If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay franchise and income taxes, divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. There will be no redemption rights or liquidating distributions with respect to the Company’s warrants, which will expire worthless if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.
F-8
In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a third party for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below $10.00 per Public Share, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a valid and enforceable agreement with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind they may have in or to any monies held in the Trust Account and except as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that the Sponsor will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers, prospective target businesses or other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.
Risks and Uncertainties
Management continues to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that the virus could have a negative effect on the Company’s financial position, results of its operations and/or search for a target company, the specific impact is not readily determinable as of the date of these financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
NOTE 2. RESTATEMENT OF PREVIOUSLY ISSUED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Company previously accounted for its outstanding Private Warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities. The warrant agreement governing the Private Warrants includes a provision that provides for potential changes to the settlement amounts dependent upon the characteristics of the holder of the Private Warrant.
On April 12, 2021, the Acting Director of the Division of Corporation Finance and Acting Chief Accountant of the Securities and Exchange Commission together issued a statement regarding the accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by special purpose acquisition companies entitled “Staff Statement on Accounting and Reporting Considerations for Warrants Issued by Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”)” (the “SEC Statement”). The SEC Statement advises, among other things, that certain adjustments generally present in SPAC warrants preclude such warrants from being accounted for as equity, which terms are similar to those contained in the warrant agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”).
In further consideration of the SEC Statement, the Company’s management further evaluated the Private Warrants under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity. ASC Section 815-40-15 addresses equity versus liability treatment and classification of equity-linked financial instruments, including warrants, and states that a warrant may be classified as a component of equity only if, among other things, the warrant is indexed to the issuer’s common stock. Under ASC Section 815-40-15, a warrant is not indexed to the issuer’s common stock if the terms of the warrant require an adjustment to the exercise price upon a specified event and that event is not an input to the fair value of the warrant. Based on management’s evaluation, the Company’s audit committee, in consultation with management, concluded that the Company’s Private Warrants are not indexed to the Company’s common stock in the manner contemplated by ASC Section 815-40-15 because the holder of the instrument is not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on equity shares.
As a result of the above, the Company should have classified the Private Warrants as derivative liabilities in its previously issued financial statements. Under this accounting treatment, the Company is required to measure the fair value of the Private Warrants at the end of each reporting period as well as re-evaluate the treatment of the Private Warrants and recognize changes in the fair value from the prior period in the Company’s operating results for the current period.
The Company’s accounting for the Private Warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities did not have any effect on the Company’s previously reported investments held in trust, operating expenses, or cash.
F-9
The table below summarizes the effects of the restatement on the financial statements for all periods being restated.
| As Previously Reported | Adjustments | As Restated | ||||||||||
| Balance sheet as of July 16, 2019 (audited) | ||||||||||||
| Warrant Liability | $ | — | $ | 2,483,250 | $ | 2,483,250 | ||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 145,821,530 | (2,483,250 | ) | 143,338,280 | ||||||||
| Common Stock | 513 | 25 | 538 | |||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 4,999,861 | 233,954 | 5,233,815 | |||||||||
| Accumulated Deficit | (371 | ) | (233,979 | ) | (234,350 | ) | ||||||
| Balance sheet as of September 30, 2019 | ||||||||||||
| Warrant Liability | $ | — | $ | 2,369,063 | $ | 2,369,063 | ||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 168,823,417 | (2,369,063 | ) | 166,454,354 | ||||||||
| Common Stock | 514 | 24 | 538 | |||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 4,497,973 | (116,482 | ) | 4,381,491 | ||||||||
| Retained Earnings | 501,518 | 116,458 | 617,976 | |||||||||
| Balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 (audited) | ||||||||||||
| Warrant Liability | $ | — | $ | 2,418,938 | $ | 2,418,938 | ||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 169,214,325 | (2,418,938 | ) | 166,795,387 | ||||||||
| Common Stock | 516 | 24 | 540 | |||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 4,107,063 | (66,607 | ) | 4,040,456 | ||||||||
| Retained Earnings | 892,422 | 66,583 | 959,005 | |||||||||
| Balance sheet as of March 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Warrant Liability | $ | — | $ | 2,543,625 | $ | 2,543,625 | ||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 170,079,639 | (2,543,625 | ) | 167,536,014 | ||||||||
| Common Stock | 518 | 25 | 543 | |||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 3,241,747 | 58,079 | 3,299,826 | |||||||||
| Retained Earnings | 1,757,740 | (58,104 | ) | 1,699,636 | ||||||||
| Balance sheet as of June 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Warrant Liability | $ | — | $ | 3,266,813 | $ | 3,266,813 | ||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 169,994,751 | (3,266,813 | ) | 166,727,938 | ||||||||
| Common Stock | 518 | 33 | 551 | |||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 3,326,635 | 781,259 | 4,107,894 | |||||||||
| Retained Earnings | 1,672,849 | (781,292 | ) | 891,557 | ||||||||
| Balance sheet as of September 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Warrant Liability | $ | — | $ | 3,192,000 | $ | 3,192,000 | ||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 169,891,730 | (3,192,000 | ) | 166,699,730 | ||||||||
| Common Stock | 520 | 31 | 551 | |||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 3,429,654 | 706,448 | 4,136,102 | |||||||||
| Retained Earnings | 1,569,828 | (706,479 | ) | 863,349 | ||||||||
| Balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 (audited) | ||||||||||||
| Warrant Liability | $ | — | $ | 3,865,313 | $ | 3,865,313 | ||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 169,817,269 | (3,865,313 | ) | 165,951,952 | ||||||||
| Common Stock | 518 | 38 | 556 | |||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 3,504,117 | 1,379,758 | 4,883,875 | |||||||||
| Retained Earnings | 1,495,369 | (1,379,792 | ) | 115,577 | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | 5,000,004 | 4 | 5,000,008 | |||||||||
F-10
| Statement of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | $ | — | $ | 374,062 | $ | 374,062 | ||||||
| Transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering | — | (8,229 | ) | (8,229 | ) | |||||||
| Compensation expense related to warrant liabilities | — | (249,375 | ) | (249,375 | ) | |||||||
| Net income | 501,518 | 116,458 | 617,976 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 16,847,539 | (377,488 | ) | 16,470,051 | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock | 4,371,956 | 99,377 | 4,471,333 | |||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, Common Stock | (0.04 | ) | 0.05 | 0.01 | ||||||||
| Statement of Operations for the Year Ended December 30, 2019 (audited) | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | $ | — | $ | 324,187 | $ | 324,187 | ||||||
| Transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering | — | (8,229 | ) | (8,229 | ) | |||||||
| Compensation expense related to warrant liabilities | — | (249,375 | ) | (249,375 | ) | |||||||
| Net income | 892,422 | 66,583 | 959,005 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 16,826,363 | (1,257,107 | ) | 15,569,256 | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.08 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock | 4,606,695 | 141,263 | 4,747,958 | |||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, Common Stock | (0.01 | ) | (0.03 | ) | (0.04 | ) | ||||||
| Statement of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | $ | — | $ | (124,687 | ) | $ | (124,687 | ) | ||||
| Net income | 865,318 | (124,687 | ) | 740,631 | ||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 16,804,048 | (243,085 | ) | 16,560,963 | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.06 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock | 5,161,137 | 240,535 | 5,401,672 | |||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, Common Stock | (0.01 | ) | (0.02 | ) | (0.03 | ) | ||||||
| Statement of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | $ | — | $ | (847,875 | ) | $ | (847,875 | ) | ||||
| Net income (loss) | 780,427 | (847,875 | ) | (67,448 | ) | |||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 16,807,161 | (280,665 | ) | 16,526,496 | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.06 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock | 5,172,295 | 245,924 | 5,418,219 | |||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, Common Stock | (0.04 | ) | (0.15 | ) | (0.19 | ) | ||||||
| Statement of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | $ | — | $ | (773,062 | ) | $ | (773,062 | ) | ||||
| Net income (loss) | 677,406 | (773,062 | ) | (95,656 | ) | |||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 16,791,891 | (267,350 | ) | 16,524,541 | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.06 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock | 5,174,996 | 271,798 | 5,446,794 | |||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, Common Stock | (0.07 | ) | (0.13 | ) | (0.20 | ) | ||||||
| Statement of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (audited) | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | $ | — | $ | (1,446,375 | ) | $ | (1,446,375 | ) | ||||
| Net loss | 602,947 | (1,446,375 | ) | (843,428 | ) | |||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 16,807,323 | (282,782 | ) | 16,524,541 | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share, Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 0.05 | — | 0.05 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, Common Stock | 5,180,177 | 282,782 | 5,462,959 | |||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, Common Stock | (0.03 | ) | (0.26 | ) | (0.29 | ) | ||||||
F-11
| Cash Flow Statement for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 | ||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | $ | 501,889 | $ | 116,458 | $ | 617,976 | ||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | — | 124,687 | 124,687 | |||||||||
| Transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering | — | (8,229 | ) | (8,229 | ) | |||||||
| Initial classification of Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 168,321,530 | (2,743,125 | ) | 165,578,405 | ||||||||
| Change in value of Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 501,887 | 374,062 | 875,949 | |||||||||
| Cash Flow Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (audited) | ||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | $ | 892,422 | $ | 66,583 | $ | 959,005 | ||||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | — | 74,812 | 74,812 | |||||||||
| Transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering | — | (8,229 | ) | (8,229 | ) | |||||||
| Initial classification of Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 168,321,530 | (2,743,125 | ) | 165,578,405 | ||||||||
| Change in value of Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 892,795 | 324,187 | 1,216,982 | |||||||||
| Cash Flow Statement for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | 865,318 | $ | (124,687 | ) | $ | 740,631 | |||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | — | 124,687 | 124,687 | |||||||||
| Change in value of Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 865,314 | (124,687 | ) | 740,627 | ||||||||
| Cash Flow Statement for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | 780,427 | $ | (847,875 | ) | $ | (67,448 | ) | ||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | — | 847,875 | 847,875 | |||||||||
| Change in value of Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 780,426 | (847,875 | ) | (67,449 | ) | |||||||
| Cash Flow Statement for the Nine Months Ended, September 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | 677,406 | $ | (773,062 | ) | $ | (95,656 | ) | ||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | — | 773,062 | 773,062 | |||||||||
| Change in value of Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 677,405 | (773,062 | ) | (95,657 | ) | |||||||
| Cash Flow Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (audited) | ||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | 602,947 | $ | (1,446,375 | ) | $ | (843,428 | ) | ||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liability | — | 1,446,375 | 1,446,375 | |||||||||
| Change in value of Common Stock subject to possible redemption | 602,944 | (1,446,379 | ) | (843,435 | ) | |||||||
F-12
NOTE 3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statement with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
F-13
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account
At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the assets held in the Trust Account were substantially held in U.S. Treasury Bills. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company withdrew $656,313 of interest income from the Trust Account of which $406,313 was withdrawn to pay its franchise and income tax obligations and $250,000 was withdrawn for working capital purposes. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company withdrew $514,000 of which $250,000 was withdrawn for working capital purposes and $264,000 was withdrawn to pay its franchise and income tax obligations.
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of the Company’s balance sheets.
Warrant Liability
The Company accounts for warrants in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40-15-7D under which the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. As the Private Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815, the Company classifies the Private Warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjusts the Private Warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in our statement of operations. The Private Warrants for periods where no observable traded price was available were valued using a binomial lattice model. For periods subsequent to the detachment of the Private Warrants from the Units, the Public Warrant quoted market price was used as the fair value as of each relevant date (see Note 11).
Income Taxes
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.
F-14
On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted in response to COVID-19 pandemic. Under ASC 740, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in the period which the new legislation is enacted. The CARES Act made various tax law changes including among other things (i) increasing the limitation under Section 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “IRC”) for 2019 and 2020 to permit additional expensing of interest (ii) enacting a technical correction so that qualified improvement property can be immediately expensed under IRC Section 168(k), (iii) making modifications to the federal net operating loss rules including permitting federal net operating losses incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to the five preceding taxable years in order to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes and (iv) enhancing the recoverability of alternative minimum tax credits.
Net Loss Per Common Share
Net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the Public Offering and Private Placement to purchase an aggregate of 11,118,750 shares in the calculation of diluted loss per share, since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events and the inclusion of such warrants would be anti-dilutive.
The Company’s statement of operations includes a presentation of income (loss) per share for common shares subject to possible redemption in a manner similar to the two-class method of income (loss) per share. Net income per common share, basic and diluted, for Common stock subject to possible redemption is calculated by dividing the proportionate share of income or loss on marketable securities held by the Trust Account, net of applicable franchise and income taxes, by the weighted average number of Common stock subject to possible redemption outstanding since original issuance.
Net loss per share, basic and diluted, for non-redeemable common stock is calculated by dividing the net loss, adjusted for income or loss on marketable securities attributable to Common stock subject to possible redemption, by the weighted average number of non-redeemable common stock outstanding for the period.
Non-redeemable common stock includes Founder Shares and non-redeemable shares of common stock as these shares do not have any redemption features. Non-redeemable common stock participates in the income or loss on marketable securities based on non-redeemable common stock shares’ proportionate interest.
| Year Ended December 31, | For the Period from March 5, 2019 (Inception) Through December 31, | |||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption | ||||||||
| Numerator: Earnings allocable to Common stock subject to possible redemption | ||||||||
| Interest earned and unrealized gains on marketable securities held in Trust Account | $ | 1,320,587 | $ | 1,491,940 | ||||
| Unrealized gains (loss) on marketable securities held in Trust Account | (4,156 | ) | 35,172 | |||||
| Less: interest available to be withdrawn for payment of taxes | (312,948 | ) | (357,018 | ) | ||||
| Less: interest available to be withdrawn for working capital | (238,050 | ) | — | |||||
| Net income allocable to shares subject to possible redemption | $ | 765,433 | $ | 1,170,094 | ||||
| Denominator: Weighted average Common stock subject to possible redemption | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 16,524,541 | 15,569,256 | ||||||
| Basic and diluted net income per share | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.08 | ||||
| Non-Redeemable Common Stock | ||||||||
| Numerator Net Income minus Net Earnings | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | (843,428 | ) | $ | 959,005 | |||
| Income attributable to common stock subject to possible redemption | (765,433 | ) | (1,170,094 | ) | ||||
| Non-Redeemable Net Loss | $ | (1,608,861 | ) | $ | (211,089 | ) | ||
| Denominator: Weighted Average Non-Redeemable Common Stock | ||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 5,462,959 | 4,747,958 | ||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per common share | $ | (0.29 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | ||
F-15
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.
Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
NOTE 4. PUBLIC OFFERING
Pursuant to the Initial Public Offering, the Company sold 15,000,000 Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one share of common stock and one-half of one warrant (“Public Warrant”). On July 19, 2019, in connection with the underwriters’ exercise of the over-allotment option in full, the Company sold an additional 2,250,000 Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit. Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7).
NOTE 5. PRIVATE PLACEMENT
Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 215,000 Private Units at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, and 2,150,000 Private Warrants at a price of $1.00 per Private Warrant for an aggregate purchase price of $4,300,000. The Sponsor purchased 179,638 Private Units and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 35,362 Private Units. In addition, the Sponsor purchased 1,796,380 Private Warrants and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 353,620 Private Warrants. On July 19, 2019, in connection with the underwriters’ exercise of the over-allotment option in full, the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 22,500 additional Private Units, of which 18,800 Private Units were purchased by the Sponsor and 3,700 Private Units were purchased by EarlyBirdCapital and its designee, for an aggregate purchase price of $225,000. In addition, in connection with the underwriters’ exercise of the over-allotment option in full, the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 225,000 additional Private Warrants, of which 188,000 Private Warrants were purchased by the Sponsor and 37,000 Private Warrants were purchased by EarlyBirdCapital and its designee, for an aggregate purchase price of $225,000. Each Private Unit consists of one share of common stock (“Private Share”) and one-half of one warrant (“Private Warrant”). Each whole Private Warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7). The proceeds from the Private Securities were added to the proceeds from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds from the sale of the Private Securities will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law), and the Private Securities and all underlying securities will expire worthless.
F-16
NOTE 6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Founder Shares
In March 2019, the Sponsor purchased 3,593,750 shares (the “Founder Shares”) of the Company’s common stock for an aggregate price of $25,000. On July 11, 2019, the Company effected a stock dividend of 0.2 share for each share outstanding (the “stock dividend”), resulting in an aggregate of 4,312,500 Founder Shares outstanding. The Founder Shares included an aggregate of up to 562,500 shares subject to forfeiture by the Sponsor to the extent that the underwriters’ over -allotment was not exercised in full or in part, so that the Sponsor would collectively own 20% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares after the Initial Public Offering (assuming the Sponsor did not purchase any Public Shares in the Initial Public Offering and excluding the Private Units and Representative Shares) (see Note 7). All share and per-share amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the stock dividend. In connection with the underwriters’ exercise of the over-allotment option in full, 562,500 Founder Shares are no longer subject to forfeiture.
The Sponsor has agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of the Founder Shares until, with respect to 50% of the Founder Shares, the earlier of one year after the consummation of a Business Combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after a Business Combination and, with respect to the remaining 50% of the Founder Shares, until the one year after the consummation of a Business Combination, or earlier, in either case, if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.
Other Receivable – Related Party
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company paid expenses on behalf of an affiliate that were mainly settled during the same period. An aggregate amount of $22,195 was due from this affiliate as of December 31, 2019.
Advance from Related Party
In July 2019, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer advanced the Company an aggregate of $45,897 to be used for the payment of costs related to the Initial Public Offering. The advances were non-interest bearing, unsecured and due on demand. Advances amounting to $45,897 were repaid as of December 31, 2019.
Administrative Support Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement whereby, commencing on July 11, 2019, through the earlier of the Company’s consummation of a Business Combination and its liquidation, the Company will pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative support. For the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, the Company incurred and paid $120,000 and $60,000 in fees for these services, respectively.
Promissory Note — Related Party
In March 2019, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (the “Promissory Note”), pursuant to which the Company may borrow up to an aggregate principal amount of $150,000. The Promissory Note was non-interest bearing and payable on the earlier of (i) December 31, 2019, (ii) the consummation of the Initial Public Offering or (iii) the date on which the Company determines not to proceed with the Initial Public Offering. Borrowings amounting to $149,000 were repaid as of December 31, 2019.
F-17
Related Party Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor, or certain of the Company’s officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). If the Company completes a Business Combination, the Company would repay the Working Capital Loans out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to the Company. Otherwise, the Working Capital Loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of proceeds held outside the Trust Account to repay the Working Capital Loans, but no proceeds held in the Trust Account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans. Except for the foregoing, the terms of such Working Capital Loans, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans. The Working Capital Loans would either be repaid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the lender’s discretion, up to $750,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be converted into units of the post Business Combination entity at a price of $10.00 per unit and up to $750,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be converted into warrants of the post Business Combination entity at a price of $1.00 per warrant. The units and warrants would be identical to the Private Units and Private Warrants, respectively.
NOTE 7. COMMITMENTS
Registration Rights
Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into on July 11, 2019, the holders of the Founder Shares, Representative Shares, Private Securities, and any units and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans (and all underlying securities) will be entitled to registration rights. The holders of the majority of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands that the Company register such securities. The holders of the majority of the Founder Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which the Founder Shares are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the Representative Shares, Private Securities or units and warrants issued in payment of Working Capital Loans made to the Company (or underlying securities) can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing after the Company consummates a Business Combination. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, EarlyBirdCapital may only make a demand on one occasion and only during the five-year period beginning on the effective date of the Initial Public Offering. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the consummation of a Business Combination; provided, however, that EarlyBirdCapital may participate in a “piggy-back” registration only during the seven-year period beginning on the effective date of the Initial Public Offering. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Business Combination Marketing Agreement
The Company has engaged EarlyBirdCapital as an advisor in connection with a Business Combination to assist the Company in holding meetings with its shareholders to discuss the potential Business Combination and the target business’ attributes, introduce the Company to potential investors that are interested in purchasing the Company’s securities in connection with a Business Combination, assist the Company in obtaining shareholder approval for the Business Combination and assist the Company with its press releases and public filings in connection with the Business Combination. The Company will pay EarlyBirdCapital a cash fee for such services upon the consummation of a Business Combination in an amount equal to $6,037,500 (exclusive of any applicable finders’ fees which might become payable); provided that up to 30% of the fee may be allocated at the Company’s sole discretion to other FINRA members that assist the Company in identifying and consummating a Business Combination.
NOTE 8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred Stock — The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share with such designation, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.
F-18
Common Stock — The Company is authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were 5,561,922 and 5,401,672 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, excluding 16,425,578 and 16,585,828 of common stock subject to possible redemption, respectively.
NOTE 9. WARRANTS
Warrants — The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination or (b) 12 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering. No warrants will be exercisable for cash unless the Company has an effective and current registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to such shares of common stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the public warrants is not effective within a specified period following the consummation of a Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. The Public Warrants will expire five years after the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the Public Warrants:
| ● | in whole and not in part; | |
| ● | at a price of $0.01 per warrant; | |
| ● | upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption; | |
| ● | if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third business day prior to the notice of redemption to the warrant holders; and | |
| ● | If, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of common stock underlying the warrants. |
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement.
The Private Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units sold in the Initial Public Offering, except that the Private Warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Warrants will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, and be non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.
The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuance of common stock at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of warrants will not receive any of such funds with respect to their warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with the respect to such warrants. Accordingly, the warrants may expire worthless.
In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of an initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.50 per share of common stock (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Company’s board of directors, and in the case of any such issuance to the Sponsor, initial stockholders or their affiliates, without taking into account any Founder Shares held by them prior to such issuance), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of an initial Business Combination on the date of the consummation of an initial Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of the common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummated an initial Business Combination (such price, the “Market Value”) is below $9.50 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the greater of (i) the Market Value or (ii) the price at which the Company issues the additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities.
F-19
Representative Shares
On March 5, 2019, the Company issued to the designees of EarlyBirdCapital 187,500 shares of common stock (after giving effect to the stock dividend on July 11, 2019) (the “Representative Shares”). The Company accounted for the Representative Shares as an offering cost of the Initial Public Offering, with a corresponding credit to stockholders’ equity. The Company estimated the fair value of Representative Shares to be $1,094 based upon the price of the Founder Shares issued to the Sponsor. The holders of the Representative Shares have agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any such shares until the completion of a Business Combination. In addition, the holders have agreed (i) to waive their redemption rights with respect to such shares in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) to waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to such shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.
The Representative Shares have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a lock-up for a period of 180 days immediately following the effective date of the registration statement related to the Initial Public Offering pursuant to Rule 5110(g) of FINRA’s NASD Conduct Rules. Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(g), these securities will not be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the effective date of the registration statements related to the Initial Public Offering, nor may they be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a period of 180 days immediately following the effective date of the registration statements related to the Initial Public Offering except to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the Initial Public Offering and their bona fide officers or partners.
NOTE 10. INCOME TAX
The Company’s net deferred tax liability is as follows:
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
| Deferred tax liability | ||||||||
| Unrealized gain on marketable securities | $ | (1,282 | ) | $ | (7,682 | ) | ||
| Total deferred tax liability | (1,282 | ) | (7,682 | ) | ||||
| Valuation Allowance | — | — | ||||||
| Deferred tax liability | $ | (1,282 | ) | $ | (7,682 | ) | ||
The income tax provision consists of the following:
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
| Federal | ||||||||
| Current | $ | 166,676 | $ | 229,544 | ||||
| Deferred | (6,400 | ) | 7,682 | |||||
| State and Local | ||||||||
| Current | — | — | ||||||
| Deferred | — | — | ||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | — | — | ||||||
| Income tax provision | $ | 160,276 | $ | 237,226 | ||||
F-20
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not have any of U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryovers available to offset future taxable income.
In assessing the realization of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion of all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences representing net future deductible amounts become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.
A reconciliation of the federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||||||
| Statutory federal income tax rate | 21.0 | % | 21.0 | % | ||||
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | (44.5 | )% | (5.7 | )% | ||||
| Transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering | — | 0.1 | % | |||||
| Compensation expense related to warrant liabilities | — | 4.4 | % | |||||
| State taxes, net of federal tax benefit | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||
| Income tax provision | (23.5 | )% | 19.8 | % | ||||
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and is subject to examination by the various taxing authorities. The Company’s tax returns since inception remain open to examination by the taxing authorities. The Company considers New York to be a significant state tax jurisdiction.
NOTE 11. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company follows the guidance in ASC 820 for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually.
The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
| Level 1: | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. | |
| Level 2: | Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. | |
| Level 3: | Unobservable inputs based on our assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. |
F-21
The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2020 and 2019 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
| Description | Level | December 31, 2020 |
December 31, 2019 |
||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account | 1 | $ | 174,550,466 | $ | 173,824,264 | ||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Warrant Liability – Private Placement Warrants | 3 | 3,865,313 | 2,418,938 | ||||||||
The Private Warrants were accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40 and are presented within warrant liabilities on the balance sheet. The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented within change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the statement of operations.
The Private Warrants were initially valued using a binomial lattice, which is considered to be a Level 3 fair value measurement. For periods subsequent to the detachment of the Public Warrants from the Units, the Public Warrant quoted market price was used as the fair value as of each relevant date.
The binomial lattice model’s primary unobservable input utilized in determining the fair value of the Private Warrants is the expected volatility of the common stock. The expected volatility as of the Initial Public Offering date was derived from observable public warrant pricing on comparable ‘blank-check’ companies without an identified target. The expected volatility as of subsequent valuation dates was implied from the Company’s own public warrant pricing.
As of issuance and July 16, 2019, the estimated fair value of the Private Warrants was determined using a Binomial Lattice Model and based upon the following significant inputs:
| Input | July 16, 2019 (Initial Measurement) |
|||
| Risk-free interest rate | 1.92 | % | ||
| Tine to maturity (years) | 6.0 | |||
| Dividend yield | 0.0 | % | ||
| Expected volatility | 15.3 | % | ||
| Probability of Acquisition | 80.0 | % | ||
| Exercise price | $ | 11.50 | ||
| Unit Price | $ | 10.00 | ||
On July 16, 2019, the Private Placement Warrants were determined to be $1.10 per warrant for aggregate values of $2.48 million.
Subsequent Measurement
The Warrants are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The subsequent measurement of the Private Placement Warrants was calculated using a Binomial Lattice Model which is considered a Level 3 measurement.
The key inputs into the Binomial Lattice Model for the Private Placement Warrants were as follows at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively:
| Input | December 31, 2020 |
December 31, 2019 |
||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | 0.40 | % | 1.71 | % | ||||
| Tine to maturity (years) | 5.29 | 5.54 | ||||||
| Dividend yield | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||
| Expected volatility | 23.1 | % | 15.8 | % | ||||
| Probability of Acquisition | 70.0 | % | 80.0 | % | ||||
| Exercise price | $ | 11.50 | $ | 11.50 | ||||
| Unit Price | $ | 11.01 | $ | 9.86 | ||||
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the aggregate values of the Private Placement Warrants were $3.87 million and $2.42 million, respectively.
F-22
The following table presents the changes in the fair value of warrant liabilities:
| Private Placement | ||||
| Fair value as of January 1, 2019 | $ | — | ||
| Initial measurement on July 16, 2019 (IPO) | 2,483,250 | |||
| Initial measurement on July 19, 2019 (Over allotment) | 259,875 | |||
| Change in fair value | (324,187 | ) | ||
| Fair value as of December 31, 2019 | 2,418,938 | |||
| Change in fair value | 1,446,375 | |||
| Fair value as of December 31, 2020 | $ | 3,865,313 | ||
Level 3 financial liabilities consist of the Private Placement Warrant liability for which there is no current market for these securities such that the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation. Changes in fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are analyzed each period based on changes in estimates or assumptions and recorded as appropriate. The Company had no transfers out of Level 3.
NOTE 12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were issued. Based upon this review, other than as described below, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.
On January 5, 2021, the Company received a notice from the staff of the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq (the “Staff”) stating that the Company was no longer in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5620(a) for continued listing due to its failure to hold an annual meeting of stockholders within twelve months of the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(2)(G), the Company submitted a plan to regain compliance on February 17, 2021. Nasdaq accepted our plan and granted us an extension through June 29, 2021 to hold an annual meeting.
On April 24, 2021, the Company held a stockholder meeting to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from April 16, 2021 to September 30, 2021. As part of the meeting, stockholders redeemed 2,499,097 shares of common stock for an aggregate cash balance of approximately $25.2M.
F-23
Exhibit 4.5
DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES
The following description of the securities of Tuscan Holdings Corp. II (“Company”) is based on and qualified by the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Charter”). References to the “Company” and to “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Tuscan Holdings Corp. II.
General
The Company is authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001. There are no shares of preferred stock currently outstanding.
Units
Composition. Each unit consists of one share of common stock and one half of one warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock.
Listing. The units are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “THCAU.”
Common Stock
Authorization. The outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
Listing. The Company’s common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “THCA.”
Voting Rights. Common stockholders of record are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters to be voted on by stockholders.
Tuscan Holdings Acquisition II LLC, our sponsor (“Sponsor”), as well as all of our officers and directors, have agreed to vote their respective shares of common stock owned by them immediately prior to our initial public offering (the “founder’s common stock”) and any shares purchased following the initial public offering in the open market in favor of any proposed business combination.
Conversion Rights. Holders of common stock issued in the Company’s initial public offering (which we refer to as “public shares”) have the right to demand that the Company convert such shares into a pro rata portion of the Company’s trust account upon the consummation of our initial business combination, either in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the business combination or by means of a tender offer.
The decision as to whether we will seek stockholder approval of a proposed business combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors such as the timing of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would require us to seek stockholder approval under the law or stock exchange listing requirement. We intend to conduct redemptions without a stockholder vote pursuant to the tender offer rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) unless stockholder approval is required by law or stock exchange listing requirement or we choose to seek stockholder approval for business or other legal reasons.
If a stockholder vote is not required and we do not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, we will, pursuant to our Charter, conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the SEC, and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to consummating our initial business combination. Our Charter requires these tender offer documents to contain substantially the same financial and other information about the initial business combination and the redemption rights as is required under the SEC’s proxy rules. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law or Nasdaq, or we decide to obtain stockholder approval for business or other reasons, we will, like many blank check companies, offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. If we seek stockholder approval, we will consummate our initial business combination only if a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock voted are voted in favor of the business combination.
Outside Date. Pursuant to our Charter, if we do not consummate an initial business combination by April 16, 2021 (unless such date is extended by our stockholders pursuant to an amendment to our Charter), our corporate existence will cease except for the purposes of winding up our affairs and liquidating and we will redeem 100% of our outstanding public shares for a pro rata portion of the funds held in the trust account, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account including interest earned on the funds held in the trust account and not previously released to us, divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, subject to applicable law and as further described herein. Our Sponsor, officers, and directors have agreed to waive their rights to participate in any liquidation distribution from the trust account occurring upon our failure to consummate an initial business combination with respect to the common stock purchased by them in private placements. Our Sponsor, officers and directors will therefore not participate in any liquidation distribution from the trust account with respect to such shares. They will, however, participate in any liquidation distribution from the trust account with respect to any public shares acquired by them.
If we seek to amend any provisions of our Charter that would affect our public stockholders’ ability to convert their shares in connection with a business combination or affect the substance or timing of our obligation to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete a business combination by the required date set forth in our Charter, we will provide public stockholders with the opportunity to convert their public shares in connection with any such vote. This conversion right shall apply in the event of the approval of any such amendment, whether proposed by our Sponsor, any executive officer, director or director nominee, or any other person.
Preemptive Rights. Our stockholders have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights and there are no sinking fund or redemption provisions applicable to the shares of common stock, except that public stockholders have the right to sell their shares to us in a tender offer or have their shares of common stock converted to cash equal to their pro rata share of the trust account if they vote on the proposed business combination in connection with such business combination and the business combination is completed. Public stockholders who sell or convert their stock into their share of the trust account still have the right to exercise the warrants that they received as part of the units.
Dividends. We have not paid any cash dividends on our shares of common stock to date and do not intend to pay cash dividends prior to the completion of a business combination. The payment of cash dividends in the future will be dependent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements and general financial condition subsequent to completion of a business combination. The payment of any dividends subsequent to a business combination will be within the discretion of our then board of directors. It is the present intention of our board of directors to retain all earnings, if any, for use in our business operations and, accordingly, our board does not anticipate declaring any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Preferred Stock
There are no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Our Charter authorizes the issuance of 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with such designation, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our board of directors. Our board of directors is empowered, without stockholder approval, to issue preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights which could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of common stock. However, the underwriting agreement prohibits us, prior to a business combination, from issuing preferred stock which participates in any manner in the proceeds of the trust account, or which votes as a class with the common stock on a business combination. We may issue some or all of the preferred stock to effect a business combination. In addition, the preferred stock could be utilized as a method of discouraging, delaying or preventing a change in control of us. Although we do not currently intend to issue any shares of preferred stock, we cannot assure you that we will not do so in the future.
Warrants
Listing. The Company’s warrants are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “THCAW.”
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Exercisability. Each warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of common stock during the exercise period. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants.
Exercise Price. $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment.
The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable on exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, extraordinary dividend or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, except as described below, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of shares of common stock at a price below their respective exercise prices.
In addition, if (x) we issue additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of our initial business combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.50 per share of common stock (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by our board of directors, and in the case of any such issuance to our Sponsor, initial stockholders or their affiliates, without taking into account any founders’ shares held by them prior to such issuance), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of our initial business combination on the date of the consummation of our initial business combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the Market Value is below $9.50 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the greater of (i) the Market Value or (ii) the price at which we issue the additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities. The “Market Value” for this purpose means the volume weighted average trading price of our common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which we consummate our initial business combination.
Exercise Period. The warrants will become exercisable commencing 30 days after the completion of an initial business combination. The warrants will expire five years after the consummation of our initial business combination, at 5:00 p.m., New York time, or earlier upon our liquidation.
No warrants will be exercisable for cash unless we have an effective and current registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to such shares of common stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the public warrants is not effective within a specified period following the consummation of our initial business combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when we shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. In the event of such a cashless exercise, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” for this purpose will mean the average reported last sale price of the shares of common stock for the 5 trading days ending on the trading day prior to the date of exercise. The warrants will expire on the fifth anniversary of our completion of an initial business combination, at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
The warrants included in the units issued privately concurrently with our IPO and additional warrants issued in such private placement (collectively the “private warrants”), as well as any warrants we issue to our Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates in payment of working capital loans made to us, will be identical to the warrants underlying the units offered in our IPO except that such warrants will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, and will not be redeemable by us, in each case so long as they are still held by our Sponsor or its permitted transferees.
Redemption. We may call the warrants for redemption (excluding the private warrants and any warrants issued to our Sponsor, initial stockholders, officers, directors or their affiliates in payment of working capital loans made to us), in whole and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per warrant, (i) at any time after the warrants become exercisable, (ii) upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder after the warrants become exercisable, (iii) if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the shares of common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations), for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period commencing after the warrants become exercisable and ending on the third business day prior to the notice of redemption to warrant holders, and (iv) if, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of common stock underlying such warrants.
3
The right to exercise will be forfeited unless the warrants are exercised prior to the date specified in the notice of redemption. On and after the redemption date, a record holder of a warrant will have no further rights except to receive the redemption price for such holder’s warrant upon surrender of such warrant.
If we call the warrants for redemption as described above, our management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise warrants to do so on a “cashless basis.” In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” for this purpose shall mean the average reported last sale price of the shares of common stock for the 5 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants.
Fractional Shares. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. If, upon exercise of the warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, round up to the nearest whole number the number of shares of common stock to be issued to the warrant holder.
Certain Provisions of the Charter and Bylaws
Staggered Board of Directors
Our board of directors is divided into three classes, each of which will generally serve for a term of three years with only one class of directors being elected in each year. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the shares eligible to vote for the election of directors can elect all of the directors. As a result, in most circumstances, a person can gain control of our board only by successfully engaging in a proxy contest at two or more annual meetings.
Special Meeting of Stockholders
Our bylaws provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by a majority vote of our board of directors, by our president or by our chairman or by our secretary at the request in writing of stockholders owning a majority of our issued and outstanding capital stock entitled to vote.
Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations
Our bylaws provide that stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders, or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders must provide timely notice of their intent in writing. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice will need to be delivered to our principal executive offices not later than the close of business on the 60th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 90th day prior to the scheduled date of the annual meeting of stockholders. In the event that less than 70 days’ notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting of stockholders is given, a stockholder’s notice shall be timely if delivered to our principal executive offices not later than the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of our annual meeting of stockholders is first made or sent by us. Our bylaws also specify certain requirements as to the form and content of a stockholders’ meeting. These provisions may preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders.
4
Authorized but Unissued Shares
Our authorized but unissued common stock and preferred stock are available for future issuances without stockholder approval and could be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future offerings to raise additional capital, acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.
Exclusive Forum Selection
Our Amended and Restated Charter requires, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that derivative actions brought in our name, actions against directors, officers and employees for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware, except any action (A) as to which the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), (B) which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, (C) for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction or (D) any action arising under the Securities Act, as to which the Court of Chancery and the federal district court for the District of Delaware shall have concurrent jurisdiction. If an action is brought outside of Delaware, the stockholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to service of process on such stockholder’s counsel. Although we believe this provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, a court may determine that this provision is unenforceable, and to the extent it is enforceable, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers, although our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder and therefore bring a claim in another appropriate forum. Additionally, we cannot be certain that a court will decide that this provision is either applicable or enforceable, and if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our Amended and Restated Charter provides that the exclusive forum provision will be applicable to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. As a result, the exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.
Certain Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law
We will be subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law regulating corporate takeovers upon completion of this offering. This statute prevents certain Delaware corporations, under certain circumstances, from engaging in a “business combination” with:
| ● | a stockholder who owns 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock (otherwise known as an “interested stockholder”); |
| ● | an affiliate of an interested stockholder; or |
| ● | an associate of an interested stockholder, for three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder. |
A “business combination” includes a merger or sale of more than 10% of our assets. However, the above provisions of Section 203 do not apply if:
| ● | our board of directors approves the transaction that made the stockholder an “interested stockholder,” prior to the date of the transaction; |
| ● | after the completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, that stockholder owned at least 85% of our voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, other than statutorily excluded shares of common stock; or |
| ● | on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by our board of directors and authorized at a meeting of our stockholders, and not by written consent, by an affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the interested stockholder. |
5
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Stephen A. Vogel, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Tuscan Holdings Corp. II; | |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; | |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; | |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: | |
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; and | |
| b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; and | |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and | |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and | |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): | |
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and | |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. | |
| Date: June 28, 2021 | /s/ Stephen A. Vogel |
| Stephen A. Vogel | |
| Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Richard O. Rieger, certify that:
| 1. | I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Tuscan Holdings Corp. II; | |
| 2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; | |
| 3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; | |
| 4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: | |
| a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; and | |
| b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; and | |
| c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and | |
| d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and | |
| 5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): | |
| a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and | |
| b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. | |
| Date: June 28, 2021 | /s/ Richard O. Rieger |
| Richard O. Rieger | |
| Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
Exhibit 32
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of Tuscan Holdings Corp. II (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), each of the undersigned, in the capacities and on the dates indicated below, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
| 1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
| 2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the Company. |
| Date: June 28, 2021 | /s/ Stephen A. Vogel |
| Stephen A. Vogel | |
| Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | |
| /s/ Richard O. Rieger | |
| Richard O. Rieger | |
| Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
Document and Entity Information - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 |
Mar. 17, 2021 |
Jun. 30, 2020 |
|
| Document And Entity Information [Abstract] | |||
| Entity Registrant Name | Tuscan Holdings Corp. II | ||
| Entity Central Index Key | 0001773087 | ||
| Amendment Flag | true | ||
| Amendment Description | Tuscan Holdings II Corp. (the "Company," "we", "our" or "us") is filing this Amendment No. 1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A, or this Amendment, to amend our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2020, originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC") on March 19, 2021, or the "Original Filing," to restate our financial statements as of and for the periods ended July 16, 2019, September 30, 2019, December 31, 2019, March 31, 2020, June 30, 2020 September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2020 included in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 19, 2021 (collectively, the "Original Financial Statements").The restatement primarily relates to consideration of the factors in determining whether to classify contracts that may be settled in an entity's own stock as equity of the entity or as an asset or liability in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity's Own Equity. In the Original Financial Statements, the Company classified the public warrants and private placement warrants issued in connection with the Company's initial public offering (the "Warrants") as equity instruments. Upon further consideration of the rules and guidance, management of the Company concluded that the Private Warrants are precluded from equity classification. As a result, the Private Warrants should be recorded as liabilities on the balance sheet and measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, with changes in fair value recognized in the statement of operations.As a result, on June 25, 2021, after consultation with Marcum LLP, the Company's independent registered public accounting firm, the Company's board of directors concluded that the Original Financial Statements should no longer be relied upon and are to be restated in order to correct the classification error.The Company's accounting for the Private Warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities did not have any effect on the Company's previously reported investments held in trust, cash flows or cash.The Company has not amended its Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 16, 2019 or its subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the periods affected by the restatement. The financial information that has been previously filed or otherwise reported is superseded by the information in this Amendment, and the financial statements and related financial information contained in such previously filed report should no longer be relied upon.The restatement is more fully described in Note 2 of the notes to the financial statements included herein.In addition, as required by Rule 12b-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, new certifications by the Company's principal executive officer and principal financial officer are filed as exhibits (in Exhibits 31.1, 31.2, 32.1, 32.2, and 32.3) to this Amendment under Item 15 of Part IV hereof.Except as described above, this Amendment does not amend, update or change any other items or disclosures contained in the Original Filing, and accordingly, this Amendment does not reflect or purport to reflect any information or events occurring after the original filing date or modify or update those disclosures affected by subsequent events. Accordingly, this Amendment should be read in conjunction with the Original Filing and the Company's other filings with the SEC. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Original Filing. | ||
| Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 | ||
| Document Type | 10-K/A | ||
| Document Period End Date | Dec. 31, 2020 | ||
| Document Fiscal Period Focus | FY | ||
| Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2020 | ||
| Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes | ||
| Entity Filer Category | Non-accelerated Filer | ||
| Entity Small Business | true | ||
| Entity Shell Company | true | ||
| Entity Emerging Growth Company | true | ||
| Entity Ex Transition Period | false | ||
| Entity File Number | 001-38970 | ||
| Entity Interactive Data Current | Yes | ||
| Entity Incorporation State Country Code | DE | ||
| Entity Public Float | $ 173,362,500 | ||
| Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer | No | ||
| Entity Voluntary Filers | No | ||
| Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 19,488,403 |
Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Statement of Financial Position [Abstract] | ||
| Common stock subject to possible redemption shares | 16,425,578 | 16,585,828 |
| Preferred stock, par value | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
| Preferred stock, shares authorized | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000 |
| Preferred stock, shares Issued | ||
| Preferred stock, shares outstanding | ||
| Common stock, par value | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
| Common stock, shares authorized | 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 |
| Common stock, shares issued | 5,561,922 | 5,401,672 |
| Common stock, shares outstanding | 5,561,922 | 5,401,672 |
Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical) |
10 Months Ended |
|---|---|
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Dec. 31, 2019
shares
| |
| Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract] | |
| Sale of Units, net of underwriting discounts and offering costs | 17,250,000 |
| Sale of Private Units | 237,500 |
Description of Organization and Business Operations |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 | |
| Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
| DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS | NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS
Tuscan Holdings Corp. II (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on March 5, 2019. The Company was formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities (the “Business Combination”).
The Company is not limited to a particular industry or sector for purposes of consummating a Business Combination. The Company is an early stage and emerging growth company and, as such, the Company is subject to all of the risks associated with early stage and emerging growth companies.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activity through December 31, 2020 relates to the Company’s formation, its initial public offering (“Initial Public Offering”), which is described below, and, after the Initial Public Offering, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the Initial Public Offering.
The registration statement for the Company’s Initial Public Offering was declared effective on July 11, 2019. On July 16, 2019, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 15,000,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the shares of common stock included in the Units being offered, the “Public Shares”), at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $150,000,000, which is described in Note 4.
Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company consummated the sale of 215,000 units (the “Private Units”) at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit and the sale of 2,150,000 warrants (the “Private Warrants” and, together with the Private Units, the “Private Securities”) at a price of $1.00 per Private Warrant in a private placement to Tuscan Holdings Acquisition II LLC (the “Sponsor”) and EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. (“EarlyBirdCapital”) and its designee, generating gross proceeds of $4,300,000, which is described in Note 5.
Following the closing of the Initial Public Offering on July 16, 2019, an amount of $150,000,000 ($10.00 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Securities was placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”) which were invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), with a maturity of 180 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund selected by the Company meeting the conditions of Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account, as described below.
On July 18, 2019, the underwriters exercised their over-allotment option in full, resulting in an additional 2,250,000 Units issued on July 19, 2019 for $22,500,000, less the underwriters’ discount of $450,000. In connection with the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option, the Company also consummated the sale of an additional 22,500 Private Units at $10.00 per Private Unit and the sale of an additional 225,000 Private Warrants at $1.00 per Private Warrant, generating total proceeds of $450,000. A total of $22,500,000 was deposited into the Trust Account, bringing the aggregate proceeds held in the Trust Account to $172,500,000.
Transaction costs amounted to $3,954,190, consisting of $3,450,000 of underwriting fees and $504,190 of other offering costs.
The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Securities, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to complete a Business Combination successfully. The Company must complete a Business Combination having an aggregate fair market value of at least 80% of the assets held in the Trust Account (excluding taxes payable on income earned on the Trust Account) at the time of the agreement to enter into an initial Business Combination. The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
The Company will provide its holders of the outstanding Public Shares (the “public stockholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The public stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account ($10.00 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its franchise and income tax obligations and up to $250,000 per 12-month period for working capital requirements). There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of a Business Combination with respect to the Company’s warrants.
The Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon such consummation of a Business Combination and, if the Company seeks stockholder approval, a majority of the shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination. If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”), conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Company’s Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital (and its designee) have agreed to vote their Founder Shares (as defined in Note 5), Representative Shares (as defined in Note 7), Private Shares (as defined in Note 4) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the Initial Public Offering in favor of approving a Business Combination and not to convert any shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a Business Combination or sell any shares to the Company in a tender offer in connection with a Business Combination. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction or don’t vote at all.
The Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital (and its designee) have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to their Founder Shares, Private Shares and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination, (b) to waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to the Founder Shares, Representative Shares and Private Shares if the Company fails to consummate a Business Combination, and (c) not to propose an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect a public stockholders’ ability to convert or sell their shares to the Company in connection with a Business Combination or affect the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.
The Company has until September 30, 2021 to consummate a Business Combination (the “Combination Period”). If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay franchise and income taxes, divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. There will be no redemption rights or liquidating distributions with respect to the Company’s warrants, which will expire worthless if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.
In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a third party for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below $10.00 per Public Share, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a valid and enforceable agreement with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind they may have in or to any monies held in the Trust Account and except as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that the Sponsor will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers, prospective target businesses or other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.
Risks and Uncertainties
Management continues to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that the virus could have a negative effect on the Company’s financial position, results of its operations and/or search for a target company, the specific impact is not readily determinable as of the date of these financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. |
Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements |
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| Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RESTATEMENT OF PREVIOUSLY ISSUED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | NOTE 2. RESTATEMENT OF PREVIOUSLY ISSUED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Company previously accounted for its outstanding Private Warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities. The warrant agreement governing the Private Warrants includes a provision that provides for potential changes to the settlement amounts dependent upon the characteristics of the holder of the Private Warrant.
On April 12, 2021, the Acting Director of the Division of Corporation Finance and Acting Chief Accountant of the Securities and Exchange Commission together issued a statement regarding the accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by special purpose acquisition companies entitled “Staff Statement on Accounting and Reporting Considerations for Warrants Issued by Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”)” (the “SEC Statement”). The SEC Statement advises, among other things, that certain adjustments generally present in SPAC warrants preclude such warrants from being accounted for as equity, which terms are similar to those contained in the warrant agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”).
In further consideration of the SEC Statement, the Company’s management further evaluated the Private Warrants under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity. ASC Section 815-40-15 addresses equity versus liability treatment and classification of equity-linked financial instruments, including warrants, and states that a warrant may be classified as a component of equity only if, among other things, the warrant is indexed to the issuer’s common stock. Under ASC Section 815-40-15, a warrant is not indexed to the issuer’s common stock if the terms of the warrant require an adjustment to the exercise price upon a specified event and that event is not an input to the fair value of the warrant. Based on management’s evaluation, the Company’s audit committee, in consultation with management, concluded that the Company’s Private Warrants are not indexed to the Company’s common stock in the manner contemplated by ASC Section 815-40-15 because the holder of the instrument is not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on equity shares.
As a result of the above, the Company should have classified the Private Warrants as derivative liabilities in its previously issued financial statements. Under this accounting treatment, the Company is required to measure the fair value of the Private Warrants at the end of each reporting period as well as re-evaluate the treatment of the Private Warrants and recognize changes in the fair value from the prior period in the Company’s operating results for the current period.
The Company’s accounting for the Private Warrants as components of equity instead of as derivative liabilities did not have any effect on the Company’s previously reported investments held in trust, operating expenses, or cash.
The table below summarizes the effects of the restatement on the financial statements for all periods being restated.
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
NOTE 3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an "emerging growth company," as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the "JOBS Act"), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company's financial statement with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company's management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account
At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the assets held in the Trust Account were substantially held in U.S. Treasury Bills. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company withdrew $656,313 of interest income from the Trust Account of which $406,313 was withdrawn to pay its franchise and income tax obligations and $250,000 was withdrawn for working capital purposes. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company withdrew $514,000 of which $250,000 was withdrawn for working capital purposes and $264,000 was withdrawn to pay its franchise and income tax obligations.
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 480 "Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity." Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company's control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders' equity. The Company's common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company's control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders' equity section of the Company's balance sheets.
Warrant Liability
The Company accounts for warrants in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40-15-7D under which the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. As the Private Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815, the Company classifies the Private Warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjusts the Private Warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in our statement of operations. The Private Warrants for periods where no observable traded price was available were valued using a binomial lattice model. For periods subsequent to the detachment of the Private Warrants from the Units, the Public Warrant quoted market price was used as the fair value as of each relevant date (see Note 11).
Income Taxes
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, "Income Taxes." Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.
On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted in response to COVID-19 pandemic. Under ASC 740, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in the period which the new legislation is enacted. The CARES Act made various tax law changes including among other things (i) increasing the limitation under Section 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "IRC") for 2019 and 2020 to permit additional expensing of interest (ii) enacting a technical correction so that qualified improvement property can be immediately expensed under IRC Section 168(k), (iii) making modifications to the federal net operating loss rules including permitting federal net operating losses incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to the five preceding taxable years in order to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes and (iv) enhancing the recoverability of alternative minimum tax credits.
Net Loss Per Common Share
Net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the Public Offering and Private Placement to purchase an aggregate of 11,118,750 shares in the calculation of diluted loss per share, since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events and the inclusion of such warrants would be anti-dilutive.
The Company's statement of operations includes a presentation of income (loss) per share for common shares subject to possible redemption in a manner similar to the two-class method of income (loss) per share. Net income per common share, basic and diluted, for Common stock subject to possible redemption is calculated by dividing the proportionate share of income or loss on marketable securities held by the Trust Account, net of applicable franchise and income taxes, by the weighted average number of Common stock subject to possible redemption outstanding since original issuance.
Net loss per share, basic and diluted, for non-redeemable common stock is calculated by dividing the net loss, adjusted for income or loss on marketable securities attributable to Common stock subject to possible redemption, by the weighted average number of non-redeemable common stock outstanding for the period.
Non-redeemable common stock includes Founder Shares and non-redeemable shares of common stock as these shares do not have any redemption features. Non-redeemable common stock participates in the income or loss on marketable securities based on non-redeemable common stock shares' proportionate interest.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company's assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, "Fair Value Measurement," approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.
Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company's financial statements. |
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Public Offering |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 | |
| Public Offering [Abstract] | |
| PUBLIC OFFERING |
NOTE 4. PUBLIC OFFERING
Pursuant to the Initial Public Offering, the Company sold 15,000,000 Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one share of common stock and one-half of one warrant ("Public Warrant"). On July 19, 2019, in connection with the underwriters' exercise of the over-allotment option in full, the Company sold an additional 2,250,000 Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit. Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7). |
Private Placement |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 | |
| Private Placement [Abstract] | |
| PRIVATE PLACEMENT |
NOTE 5. PRIVATE PLACEMENT
Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 215,000 Private Units at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, and 2,150,000 Private Warrants at a price of $1.00 per Private Warrant for an aggregate purchase price of $4,300,000. The Sponsor purchased 179,638 Private Units and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 35,362 Private Units. In addition, the Sponsor purchased 1,796,380 Private Warrants and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 353,620 Private Warrants. On July 19, 2019, in connection with the underwriters' exercise of the over-allotment option in full, the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 22,500 additional Private Units, of which 18,800 Private Units were purchased by the Sponsor and 3,700 Private Units were purchased by EarlyBirdCapital and its designee, for an aggregate purchase price of $225,000. In addition, in connection with the underwriters' exercise of the over-allotment option in full, the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 225,000 additional Private Warrants, of which 188,000 Private Warrants were purchased by the Sponsor and 37,000 Private Warrants were purchased by EarlyBirdCapital and its designee, for an aggregate purchase price of $225,000. Each Private Unit consists of one share of common stock ("Private Share") and one-half of one warrant ("Private Warrant"). Each whole Private Warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7). The proceeds from the Private Securities were added to the proceeds from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds from the sale of the Private Securities will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law), and the Private Securities and all underlying securities will expire worthless. |
Related Party Transactions |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 | |
| Related Party Transactions [Abstract] | |
| RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
NOTE 6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Founder Shares
In March 2019, the Sponsor purchased 3,593,750 shares (the "Founder Shares") of the Company's common stock for an aggregate price of $25,000. On July 11, 2019, the Company effected a stock dividend of 0.2 share for each share outstanding (the "stock dividend"), resulting in an aggregate of 4,312,500 Founder Shares outstanding. The Founder Shares included an aggregate of up to 562,500 shares subject to forfeiture by the Sponsor to the extent that the underwriters' over -allotment was not exercised in full or in part, so that the Sponsor would collectively own 20% of the Company's issued and outstanding shares after the Initial Public Offering (assuming the Sponsor did not purchase any Public Shares in the Initial Public Offering and excluding the Private Units and Representative Shares) (see Note 7). All share and per-share amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the stock dividend. In connection with the underwriters' exercise of the over-allotment option in full, 562,500 Founder Shares are no longer subject to forfeiture.
The Sponsor has agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of the Founder Shares until, with respect to 50% of the Founder Shares, the earlier of one year after the consummation of a Business Combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after a Business Combination and, with respect to the remaining 50% of the Founder Shares, until the one year after the consummation of a Business Combination, or earlier, in either case, if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company's stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.
Other Receivable – Related Party
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company paid expenses on behalf of an affiliate that were mainly settled during the same period. An aggregate amount of $22,195 was due from this affiliate as of December 31, 2019.
Advance from Related Party
In July 2019, the Company's Chief Executive Officer advanced the Company an aggregate of $45,897 to be used for the payment of costs related to the Initial Public Offering. The advances were non-interest bearing, unsecured and due on demand. Advances amounting to $45,897 were repaid as of December 31, 2019.
Administrative Support Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement whereby, commencing on July 11, 2019, through the earlier of the Company's consummation of a Business Combination and its liquidation, the Company will pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative support. For the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from March 5, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, the Company incurred and paid $120,000 and $60,000 in fees for these services, respectively.
Promissory Note — Related Party
In March 2019, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note to the Company's Chief Executive Officer (the "Promissory Note"), pursuant to which the Company may borrow up to an aggregate principal amount of $150,000. The Promissory Note was non-interest bearing and payable on the earlier of (i) December 31, 2019, (ii) the consummation of the Initial Public Offering or (iii) the date on which the Company determines not to proceed with the Initial Public Offering. Borrowings amounting to $149,000 were repaid as of December 31, 2019.
Related Party Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor, or certain of the Company's officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required ("Working Capital Loans"). If the Company completes a Business Combination, the Company would repay the Working Capital Loans out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to the Company. Otherwise, the Working Capital Loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of proceeds held outside the Trust Account to repay the Working Capital Loans, but no proceeds held in the Trust Account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans. Except for the foregoing, the terms of such Working Capital Loans, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans. The Working Capital Loans would either be repaid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the lender's discretion, up to $750,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be converted into units of the post Business Combination entity at a price of $10.00 per unit and up to $750,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be converted into warrants of the post Business Combination entity at a price of $1.00 per warrant. The units and warrants would be identical to the Private Units and Private Warrants, respectively. |
Commitments |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 | |
| Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| COMMITMENTS |
NOTE 7. COMMITMENTS
Registration Rights
Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into on July 11, 2019, the holders of the Founder Shares, Representative Shares, Private Securities, and any units and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans (and all underlying securities) will be entitled to registration rights. The holders of the majority of these securities are entitled to make up to two demands that the Company register such securities. The holders of the majority of the Founder Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which the Founder Shares are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the Representative Shares, Private Securities or units and warrants issued in payment of Working Capital Loans made to the Company (or underlying securities) can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing after the Company consummates a Business Combination. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, EarlyBirdCapital may only make a demand on one occasion and only during the five-year period beginning on the effective date of the Initial Public Offering. In addition, the holders have certain "piggy-back" registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the consummation of a Business Combination; provided, however, that EarlyBirdCapital may participate in a "piggy-back" registration only during the seven-year period beginning on the effective date of the Initial Public Offering. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Business Combination Marketing Agreement
The Company has engaged EarlyBirdCapital as an advisor in connection with a Business Combination to assist the Company in holding meetings with its shareholders to discuss the potential Business Combination and the target business' attributes, introduce the Company to potential investors that are interested in purchasing the Company's securities in connection with a Business Combination, assist the Company in obtaining shareholder approval for the Business Combination and assist the Company with its press releases and public filings in connection with the Business Combination. The Company will pay EarlyBirdCapital a cash fee for such services upon the consummation of a Business Combination in an amount equal to $6,037,500 (exclusive of any applicable finders' fees which might become payable); provided that up to 30% of the fee may be allocated at the Company's sole discretion to other FINRA members that assist the Company in identifying and consummating a Business Combination. |
Stockholders' Equity |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 | |
| Equity [Abstract] | |
| STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | NOTE 8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred Stock — The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share with such designation, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.
Common Stock — The Company is authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were 5,561,922 and 5,401,672 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, excluding 16,425,578 and 16,585,828 of common stock subject to possible redemption, respectively. |
Warrants |
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Dec. 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| WARRANTS |
NOTE 9. WARRANTS
Warrants — The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination or (b) 12 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering. No warrants will be exercisable for cash unless the Company has an effective and current registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to such shares of common stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the public warrants is not effective within a specified period following the consummation of a Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. The Public Warrants will expire five years after the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the Public Warrants:
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a "cashless basis," as described in the warrant agreement.
The Private Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units sold in the Initial Public Offering, except that the Private Warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Warrants will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder's option, and be non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.
The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuance of common stock at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of warrants will not receive any of such funds with respect to their warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company's assets held outside of the Trust Account with the respect to such warrants. Accordingly, the warrants may expire worthless.
In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of an initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.50 per share of common stock (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Company's board of directors, and in the case of any such issuance to the Sponsor, initial stockholders or their affiliates, without taking into account any Founder Shares held by them prior to such issuance), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of an initial Business Combination on the date of the consummation of an initial Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of the common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummated an initial Business Combination (such price, the "Market Value") is below $9.50 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the greater of (i) the Market Value or (ii) the price at which the Company issues the additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities.
Representative Shares
On March 5, 2019, the Company issued to the designees of EarlyBirdCapital 187,500 shares of common stock (after giving effect to the stock dividend on July 11, 2019) (the "Representative Shares"). The Company accounted for the Representative Shares as an offering cost of the Initial Public Offering, with a corresponding credit to stockholders' equity. The Company estimated the fair value of Representative Shares to be $1,094 based upon the price of the Founder Shares issued to the Sponsor. The holders of the Representative Shares have agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any such shares until the completion of a Business Combination. In addition, the holders have agreed (i) to waive their redemption rights with respect to such shares in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) to waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to such shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.
The Representative Shares have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a lock-up for a period of 180 days immediately following the effective date of the registration statement related to the Initial Public Offering pursuant to Rule 5110(g) of FINRA's NASD Conduct Rules. Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(g), these securities will not be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the effective date of the registration statements related to the Initial Public Offering, nor may they be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a period of 180 days immediately following the effective date of the registration statements related to the Initial Public Offering except to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the Initial Public Offering and their bona fide officers or partners. |
Income Tax |
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| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| INCOME TAX | NOTE 10. INCOME TAX
The Company's net deferred tax liability is as follows:
The income tax provision consists of the following:
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not have any of U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryovers available to offset future taxable income.
In assessing the realization of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion of all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences representing net future deductible amounts become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.
A reconciliation of the federal income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate is as follows:
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and is subject to examination by the various taxing authorities. The Company's tax returns since inception remain open to examination by the taxing authorities. The Company considers New York to be a significant state tax jurisdiction. |
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Fair Value Measurements |
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| Fair Value Measurements [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS | NOTE 11. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company follows the guidance in ASC 820 for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually.
The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2020 and 2019 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
The Private Warrants were accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40 and are presented within warrant liabilities on the balance sheet. The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented within change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the statement of operations.
The Private Warrants were initially valued using a binomial lattice, which is considered to be a Level 3 fair value measurement. For periods subsequent to the detachment of the Public Warrants from the Units, the Public Warrant quoted market price was used as the fair value as of each relevant date.
The binomial lattice model’s primary unobservable input utilized in determining the fair value of the Private Warrants is the expected volatility of the common stock. The expected volatility as of the Initial Public Offering date was derived from observable public warrant pricing on comparable ‘blank-check’ companies without an identified target. The expected volatility as of subsequent valuation dates was implied from the Company’s own public warrant pricing.
As of issuance and July 16, 2019, the estimated fair value of the Private Warrants was determined using a Binomial Lattice Model and based upon the following significant inputs:
On July 16, 2019, the Private Placement Warrants were determined to be $1.10 per warrant for aggregate values of $2.48 million.
Subsequent Measurement
The Warrants are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The subsequent measurement of the Private Placement Warrants was calculated using a Binomial Lattice Model which is considered a Level 3 measurement.
The key inputs into the Binomial Lattice Model for the Private Placement Warrants were as follows at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively:
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the aggregate values of the Private Placement Warrants were $3.87 million and $2.42 million, respectively.
The following table presents the changes in the fair value of warrant liabilities:
Level 3 financial liabilities consist of the Private Placement Warrant liability for which there is no current market for these securities such that the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation. Changes in fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are analyzed each period based on changes in estimates or assumptions and recorded as appropriate. The Company had no transfers out of Level 3. |
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Subsequent Events |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2020 | |
| Subsequent Events [Abstract] | |
| SUBSEQUENT EVENTS | NOTE 12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were issued. Based upon this review, other than as described below, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.
On January 5, 2021, the Company received a notice from the staff of the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq (the “Staff”) stating that the Company was no longer in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5620(a) for continued listing due to its failure to hold an annual meeting of stockholders within twelve months of the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(2)(G), the Company submitted a plan to regain compliance on February 17, 2021. Nasdaq accepted our plan and granted us an extension through June 29, 2021 to hold an annual meeting.
On April 24, 2021, the Company held a stockholder meeting to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from April 16, 2021 to September 30, 2021. As part of the meeting, stockholders redeemed 2,499,097 shares of common stock for an aggregate cash balance of approximately $25.2M. |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of Presentation |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. |
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| Emerging Growth Company |
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an "emerging growth company," as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the "JOBS Act"), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company's financial statement with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. |
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| Use of Estimates |
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company's management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. |
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. |
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| Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account |
Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account
At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the assets held in the Trust Account were substantially held in U.S. Treasury Bills. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company withdrew $656,313 of interest income from the Trust Account of which $406,313 was withdrawn to pay its franchise and income tax obligations and $250,000 was withdrawn for working capital purposes. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company withdrew $514,000 of which $250,000 was withdrawn for working capital purposes and $264,000 was withdrawn to pay its franchise and income tax obligations. |
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| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption |
Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 480 "Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity." Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company's control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders' equity. The Company's common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company's control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders' equity section of the Company's balance sheets. |
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| Warrant Liability |
Warrant Liability
The Company accounts for warrants in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40-15-7D under which the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. As the Private Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815, the Company classifies the Private Warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjusts the Private Warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in our statement of operations. The Private Warrants for periods where no observable traded price was available were valued using a binomial lattice model. For periods subsequent to the detachment of the Private Warrants from the Units, the Public Warrant quoted market price was used as the fair value as of each relevant date (see Note 11). |
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| Income Taxes |
Income Taxes
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, "Income Taxes." Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.
On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted in response to COVID-19 pandemic. Under ASC 740, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in the period which the new legislation is enacted. The CARES Act made various tax law changes including among other things (i) increasing the limitation under Section 163(j) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "IRC") for 2019 and 2020 to permit additional expensing of interest (ii) enacting a technical correction so that qualified improvement property can be immediately expensed under IRC Section 168(k), (iii) making modifications to the federal net operating loss rules including permitting federal net operating losses incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to the five preceding taxable years in order to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes and (iv) enhancing the recoverability of alternative minimum tax credits. |
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| Net Loss Per Common Share |
Net Loss Per Common Share
Net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the Public Offering and Private Placement to purchase an aggregate of 11,118,750 shares in the calculation of diluted loss per share, since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events and the inclusion of such warrants would be anti-dilutive.
The Company's statement of operations includes a presentation of income (loss) per share for common shares subject to possible redemption in a manner similar to the two-class method of income (loss) per share. Net income per common share, basic and diluted, for Common stock subject to possible redemption is calculated by dividing the proportionate share of income or loss on marketable securities held by the Trust Account, net of applicable franchise and income taxes, by the weighted average number of Common stock subject to possible redemption outstanding since original issuance.
Net loss per share, basic and diluted, for non-redeemable common stock is calculated by dividing the net loss, adjusted for income or loss on marketable securities attributable to Common stock subject to possible redemption, by the weighted average number of non-redeemable common stock outstanding for the period.
Non-redeemable common stock includes Founder Shares and non-redeemable shares of common stock as these shares do not have any redemption features. Non-redeemable common stock participates in the income or loss on marketable securities based on non-redeemable common stock shares' proportionate interest.
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| Concentration of Credit Risk |
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account. |
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| Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Company's assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, "Fair Value Measurement," approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature. |
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| Recent Accounting Standards |
Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company's financial statements. |
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Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements (Tables) |
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| Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of restatement of balance sheets |
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| Schedule of restatement of statement of operations |
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| Schedule of restatement of cash flow statement |
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of basic and diluted income per share |
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Income Tax (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of net deferred tax liability |
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| Schedule of income tax provision |
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| Schedule of reconciliation of federal income tax rate |
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Fair Value Measurements (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurements [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of the company's assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis |
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| Schedule of fair value measurements inputs |
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| Schedule of changes in the fair value of warrant liabilities |
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Description of Organization and Business Operations (Details) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|---|
Jul. 16, 2019 |
Jul. 19, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Textual) | |||
| Transaction costs | $ 3,954,190 | ||
| Underwriting fees | 3,450,000 | ||
| Other offering costs | $ 504,190 | ||
| Description of working capital requirements | The public stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account ($10.00 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its franchise and income tax obligations and up to $250,000 per 12-month period for working capital requirements). | ||
| Consummation of a business combination | $ 5,000,001 | ||
| Fair market value, percentage | 80.00% | ||
| Ownership interest voting, percentage | 50.00% | ||
| Public Shares [Member] | |||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Textual) | |||
| Price per share | $ 10.00 | ||
| Private Unit [Member] | |||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Textual) | |||
| Price per share | $ 10.00 | ||
| Obligation to redeem percentage | 100.00% | ||
| Private Unit [Member] | EarlyBirdCapital [Member] | |||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Textual) | |||
| Issuance of common stock | 215,000 | ||
| Price per share | $ 1.00 | ||
| Gross proceeds | $ 4,300,000 | ||
| Initial Public Offering [Member] | |||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Textual) | |||
| Issuance of common stock | 15,000,000 | ||
| Price per share | $ 10.00 | ||
| Initial Public Offering [Member] | Common Stock [Member] | |||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Textual) | |||
| Issuance of common stock | 15,000,000 | ||
| Price per share | $ 10.00 | ||
| Gross proceeds | $ 150,000,000 | ||
| Issuance of units, description | An amount of $150,000,000 ($10.00 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Securities was placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”) which were invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), with a maturity of 180 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund selected by the Company meeting the conditions of Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account, as described below. | ||
| Initial Public Offering [Member] | Warrant [Member] | |||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Textual) | |||
| Sale of warrant | 2,150,000 | ||
| Over-Allotment Option [Member] | |||
| Description of Organization and Business Operations (Textual) | |||
| Issuance of common stock | 2,250,000 | ||
| Price per share | $ 10.00 | ||
| Issuance of units, description | The underwriters exercised their over-allotment option in full, resulting in an additional 2,250,000 Units issued on July 19, 2019 for $22,500,000, less the underwriters' discount of $450,000. In connection with the underwriters' exercise of their over-allotment option, the Company also consummated the sale of an additional 22,500 Private Units at $10.00 per Private Unit and the sale of an additional 225,000 Private Warrants at $1.00 per Private Warrant, generating total proceeds of $450,000. A total of $22,500,000 was deposited into the Trust Account, bringing the aggregate proceeds held in the Trust Account to $172,500,000. |
Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements (Details) - USD ($) |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
Sep. 30, 2020 |
Jun. 30, 2020 |
Mar. 31, 2020 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
Sep. 30, 2019 |
Jul. 16, 2019 |
Mar. 04, 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Warrant Liability | $ 3,865,313 | $ 2,418,938 | ||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 165,951,952 | 166,795,387 | ||||||
| Common Stock | 556 | 540 | ||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 4,883,875 | 4,040,456 | ||||||
| Accumulated Deficit/ Retained Earnings | 115,577 | 959,005 | ||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | 5,000,008 | 5,000,001 | ||||||
| As Previously Reported [Member] | ||||||||
| Warrant Liability | ||||||||
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 169,817,269 | 169,891,730 | 169,994,751 | 170,079,639 | 169,214,325 | 168,823,417 | 145,821,530 | |
| Common Stock | 518 | 520 | 518 | 518 | 516 | 514 | 513 | |
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 3,504,117 | 3,429,654 | 3,326,635 | 3,241,747 | 4,107,063 | 4,497,973 | 4,999,861 | |
| Accumulated Deficit/ Retained Earnings | 1,495,369 | 1,569,828 | 1,672,849 | 1,757,740 | 892,422 | 501,518 | (371) | |
| Stockholders’ Equity | 5,000,004 | |||||||
| Adjustments [Member] | ||||||||
| Warrant Liability | 3,865,313 | 3,192,000 | 3,266,813 | 2,543,625 | 2,418,938 | 2,369,063 | 2,483,250 | |
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | (3,865,313) | (3,192,000) | (3,266,813) | (2,543,625) | (2,418,938) | (2,369,063) | (2,483,250) | |
| Common Stock | 38 | 31 | 33 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 25 | |
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 1,379,758 | 706,448 | 781,259 | 58,079 | (66,607) | (116,482) | 233,954 | |
| Accumulated Deficit/ Retained Earnings | (1,379,792) | (706,479) | (781,292) | (58,104) | 66,583 | 116,458 | (233,979) | |
| Stockholders’ Equity | 4 | |||||||
| As Restated [Member] | ||||||||
| Warrant Liability | 3,865,313 | 3,192,000 | 3,266,813 | 2,543,625 | 2,418,938 | 2,369,063 | 2,483,250 | |
| Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption | 165,951,952 | 166,699,730 | 166,727,938 | 167,536,014 | 166,795,387 | 166,454,354 | 143,338,280 | |
| Common Stock | 556 | 551 | 551 | 543 | 540 | 538 | 538 | |
| Additional Paid-in Capital | 4,883,875 | 4,136,102 | 4,107,894 | 3,299,826 | 4,040,456 | 4,381,491 | 5,233,815 | |
| Accumulated Deficit/ Retained Earnings | 115,577 | $ 863,349 | $ 891,557 | $ 1,699,636 | $ 959,005 | $ 617,976 | $ (234,350) | |
| Stockholders’ Equity | $ 5,000,008 |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual) - USD ($) |
10 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Textual) | ||
| Federal depository insurance coverage | $ 250,000 | |
| Purchase shares of common stock | 11,118,750 | |
| Cash withdrawn to pay income taxes | $ 264,000 | $ 406,313 |
| Working capital purposes | 250,000 | 250,000 |
| Total amount withdrew | $ 514,000 | |
| Withdrew interest income | $ 656,313 |
Public Offering (Details) - $ / shares |
1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
|---|---|---|
Jul. 19, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Public Offering (Textual) | ||
| Business combination, description | Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7). | |
| IPO [Member] | ||
| Public Offering (Textual) | ||
| Sale of stock | 15,000,000 | |
| Price per share | $ 10.00 | |
| Over-Allotment Option [Member] | ||
| Public Offering (Textual) | ||
| Sale of stock | 2,250,000 | |
| Price per share | $ 10.00 |
Private Placement (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
| |
| Initial Public Offering [Member] | |
| Private Placement (Textual) | |
| Issuance of common stock | shares | 15,000,000 |
| Price per share | $ / shares | $ 10.00 |
| Initial Public Offering [Member] | Sponsor [Member] | |
| Private Placement (Textual) | |
| Issuance of common stock | shares | 215,000 |
| Sale of warrant | shares | 2,150,000 |
| Price per share | $ / shares | $ 10.00 |
| Obligation to redeem percentage | 100.00% |
| Private placement, description | The Sponsor purchased 179,638 Private Units and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 35,362 Private Units. In addition, the Sponsor purchased 1,796,380 Private Warrants and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 353,620 Private Warrants. On July 19, 2019, in connection with the underwriters' exercise of the over-allotment option in full, the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 22,500 additional Private Units, of which 18,800 Private Units were purchased by the Sponsor and 3,700 Private Units were purchased by EarlyBirdCapital and its designee, for an aggregate purchase price of $225,000. In addition, in connection with the underwriters' exercise of the over-allotment option in full, the Sponsor and EarlyBirdCapital and its designee purchased an aggregate of 225,000 additional Private Warrants, of which 188,000 Private Warrants were purchased by the Sponsor and 37,000 Private Warrants were purchased by EarlyBirdCapital and its designee, for an aggregate purchase price of $225,000. Each Private Unit consists of one share of common stock ("Private Share") and one-half of one warrant ("Private Warrant"). Each whole Private Warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7). |
| Private warrant for an aggregate purchase price | $ | $ 4,300,000 |
| Private Warrants [Member] | |
| Private Placement (Textual) | |
| Price per share | $ / shares | $ 1.00 |
Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 10 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jul. 11, 2019 |
Jul. 30, 2019 |
Mar. 31, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Related Party Transactions (Textual) | |||||
| Advance from related party | $ 45,897 | ||||
| Business combination, description | The Working Capital Loans would either be repaid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the lender's discretion, up to $750,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be converted into units of the post Business Combination entity at a price of $10.00 per unit and up to $750,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be converted into warrants of the post Business Combination entity at a price of $1.00 per warrant. The units and warrants would be identical to the Private Units and Private Warrants, respectively. | ||||
| Repayment of advances from related party | 45,897 | ||||
| Repayment of borrowings amount | 149,000 | ||||
| Fees for services | 60,000 | $ 120,000 | |||
| Due from this affiliate | $ 22,195 | ||||
| Chief Executive Officer [Member] | |||||
| Related Party Transactions (Textual) | |||||
| Advance from related party | $ 45,897 | ||||
| Unsecured promissory note | $ 150,000 | ||||
| Fees incurred | $ 10,000 | ||||
| Founder Shares [Member] | |||||
| Related Party Transactions (Textual) | |||||
| Common stock shares purchased | 3,593,750 | ||||
| Common stock aggregate price | $ 25,000 | ||||
| Common stock dividend description | The Company effected a stock dividend of 0.2 share for each share outstanding (the “stock dividend”), resulting in an aggregate of 4,312,500 Founder Shares outstanding. The Founder Shares included an aggregate of up to 562,500 shares subject to forfeiture by the Sponsor to the extent that the underwriters’ over -allotment was not exercised in full or in part, so that the Sponsor would collectively own 20% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares after the Initial Public Offering (assuming the Sponsor did not purchase any Public Shares in the Initial Public Offering and excluding the Private Units and Representative Shares) (see Note 7). All share and per-share amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the stock dividend. In connection with the underwriters’ exercise of the over-allotment option in full, 562,500 Founder Shares are no longer subject to forfeiture. | ||||
| Stock dividend shares | 4,312,500 | ||||
| Stock splits, description | The Founder Shares until, with respect to 50% of the Founder Shares, the earlier of one year after the consummation of a Business Combination and the date on which the closing price of the common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after a Business Combination and, with respect to the remaining 50% of the Founder Shares, until the one year after the consummation of a Business Combination. | ||||
Commitments (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 | |
| EarlyBirdCapital [Member] | |
| Commitments (Textual) | |
| Business combination marketing agreement, description | The Company will pay EarlyBirdCapital a cash fee for such services upon the consummation of a Business Combination in an amount equal to $6,037,500 (exclusive of any applicable finders' fees which might become payable); provided that up to 30% of the fee may be allocated at the Company's sole discretion to other FINRA members that assist the Company in identifying and consummating a Business Combination. |
Stockholders' Equity (Details) - $ / shares |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Stockholders' Equity (Textual) | ||
| Preferred stock, par value | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
| Preferred stock, shares authorized | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000 |
| Preferred stock, shares Issued | ||
| Preferred stock, shares outstanding | ||
| Common stock, par value | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
| Common stock, shares authorized | 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 |
| Common stock, shares issued | 5,561,922 | 5,401,672 |
| Common stock, shares outstanding | 5,561,922 | 5,401,672 |
| Subject to possible redemption | 16,425,578 | 16,585,828 |
Warrants (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Mar. 06, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Warrants (Textual) | ||
| Warrants description | If (x) the Company issues additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of an initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.50 per share of common stock (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Company's board of directors, and in the case of any such issuance to the Sponsor, initial stockholders or their affiliates, without taking into account any Founder Shares held by them prior to such issuance), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of an initial Business Combination on the date of the consummation of an initial Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of the common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummated an initial Business Combination (such price, the "Market Value") is below $9.50 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the greater of (i) the Market Value or (ii) the price at which the Company issues the additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities. | |
| Warrant [Member] | ||
| Warrants (Textual) | ||
| Warrants description | Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the Public Warrants: ● in whole and not in part; ● at a price of $0.01 per warrant; ● upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption; ● if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third business day prior to the notice of redemption to the warrant holders; and ● If, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of common stock underlying the warrants. | |
| Warrant [Member] | EarlyBirdCapital [Member] | ||
| Warrants (Textual) | ||
| Common stock shares purchased | 187,500 | |
| Common stock aggregate price | $ 1,094 |
Income Tax (Details) - USD ($) |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Deferred tax liability | ||
| Unrealized gain on marketable securities | $ (1,282) | $ (7,682) |
| Total deferred tax liability | (1,282) | (7,682) |
| Valuation Allowance | ||
| Deferred tax liability | $ (1,282) | $ (7,682) |
Income Tax (Details 1) - USD ($) |
10 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Federal | ||
| Current | $ 229,544 | $ 166,676 |
| Deferred | 7,682 | (6,400) |
| State and Local | ||
| Current | ||
| Deferred | ||
| Change in valuation allowance | ||
| Income tax provision | $ 237,226 | $ 160,276 |
Income Tax (Details 2) |
10 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
| Statutory federal income tax rate | 21.00% | 21.00% |
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | (5.70%) | (44.50%) |
| Transaction costs associated with Initial Public Offering | 0.10% | |
| Compensation expense related to warrant liabilities | 4.40% | |
| State taxes, net of federal tax benefit | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Income tax provision | 19.80% | (23.50%) |
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Assets: | ||
| Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account | $ 174,550,466 | $ 173,824,264 |
| Level 1 [Member] | ||
| Assets: | ||
| Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account | 174,550,466 | 173,824,264 |
| Level 3 [Member] | ||
| Liabilities: | ||
| Warrant Liability – Private Placement Warrants | $ 3,865,313 | $ 2,418,938 |
Fair Value Measurements (Details 1) - $ / shares |
10 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|---|
Jul. 16, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Risk-free interest rate | 1.71% | 0.40% | |
| Tine to maturity (years) | 5 years 6 months 14 days | 5 years 3 months 15 days | |
| Dividend yield | 0.00% | 0.00% | |
| Expected volatility | 15.80% | 23.10% | |
| Probability of Acquisition | 80.00% | 70.00% | |
| Exercise price | $ 11.50 | $ 11.50 | |
| Unit Price | $ 9.86 | $ 11.01 | |
| Intial Measurement [Member] | |||
| Risk-free interest rate | 1.92% | ||
| Tine to maturity (years) | 6 years | ||
| Dividend yield | 0.00% | ||
| Expected volatility | 15.30% | ||
| Probability of Acquisition | 80.00% | ||
| Exercise price | $ 11.50 | ||
| Unit Price | $ 10.00 |
Fair Value Measurements (Details 2) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2020 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
|
| Fair Value Measurements [Abstract] | ||
| Fair value as of Beginning balance | $ 2,418,938 | |
| Initial measurement on July 16, 2019 (IPO) | 2,483,250 | |
| Initial measurement on July 19, 2019 (Over allotment) | 259,875 | |
| Change in fair value | 1,446,375 | (324,187) |
| Fair value as of Ending balance | $ 3,865,313 | $ 2,418,938 |
Fair Value Measurements (Details Textual) - USD ($) |
10 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Jul. 16, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
Dec. 31, 2019 |
|
| Fair Value Measurements (Textual) | ||||
| Warrant price per share | $ 1.10 | |||
| Aggregate values | $ 2,480,000 | $ (324,187) | $ 1,446,375 | |
| Private Placement Warrants [Member] | ||||
| Fair Value Measurements (Textual) | ||||
| Aggregate values | $ 3,870,000 | $ 2,420,000 | ||
Subsequent Events (Details) |
1 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Apr. 24, 2021 | |
| Subsequent Event [Member] | |
| Subsequent Events (Textual) | |
| Business combination, description | The Company held a stockholder meeting to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from April 16, 2021 to September 30, 2021. As part of the meeting, stockholders redeemed 2,499,097 shares of common stock for an aggregate cash balance of approximately $25.2M. |