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License and collaboration agreements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
License And Collaboration Agreements [Abstract]  
License and Collaboration Agreements

4. License and collaboration agreements

Beam Therapeutics Inc.

In October 2021, the Company entered into an option and license agreement with Beam Therapeutics Inc. (Beam), pursuant to which the Company was granted a non-exclusive license to use Beam’s proprietary CRISPR Cas12b nuclease editing technology to research, develop, and commercialize engineered cell therapy products that (i) are directed to certain antigen targets, with respect to the Company’s allogeneic T cell programs, or (ii) comprise certain human cell types, with respect to the Company’s stem cell-derived programs. The Company made an upfront payment of $50.0 million to Beam, which was recorded in research and development expense for the year ended December 31, 2021. Additionally, under the terms of the agreement, the Company may be obligated to pay up to $65.0 million for each licensed product in specified developmental and commercial milestone payments and royalties on licensed products. At the time of the entry into the option and license agreement, a member of the Company’s board of directors was a beneficial owner of greater than 10% of the outstanding shares of Beam and is affiliated with a member of the board of directors of Beam.

President and Fellows of Harvard College

In March 2019, the Company entered into an exclusive license agreement with Harvard to access certain intellectual property for the development of hypoimmune cells. Under this agreement, the Company paid $3.0 million in cash and issued 2.2 million shares of its Series A-2 convertible preferred stock, valued at $4.00 per share, for total consideration of $12.0 million. The Company determined the licensed technology had no alternative future use and the $12.0 million was therefore recorded in research and development expense for the year ended December 31, 2019. Upon the closing of the Company’s IPO in February 2021, the Series A-2 convertible preferred stock issued in connection with the license agreement with Harvard converted into common stock.

In connection with this agreement, the Company agreed to pay Harvard a license payment of $6.0 million in cash contingent upon the closing of the Company’s Series B convertible preferred stock financing. This contingent license payment was accounted for as a derivative under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, carried at fair value, and was revalued each reporting period, with changes recognized in research and development expense. As of December 31, 2019, the estimated fair value of the contingent license payment to Harvard was $4.6 million, and the Company recorded research and development expense of $1.4 million and $4.6 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Series B convertible preferred stock financing closed in June 2020, and the Company paid Harvard $6.0 million in cash.

Under the terms of the agreement, the Company may be required to pay up to an aggregate of $175.0 million in success payments to Harvard, payable in cash, based on increases in the fair value of the Company’s common stock. The potential Harvard Success Payments are based on multiples of increased value ranging from 5x to 40x, based on a comparison of the fair market value of

the Company’s common stock relative to the original issuance price of $4.00 per share at pre-determined valuation measurement dates, which include: the one year anniversary of the IPO, the date of the consummation of a merger, an asset sale, or the sale of the majority of the shares held by the Company’s Series A convertible preferred stockholders, and the last day of the term of the Harvard Success Payments. The first Harvard valuation measurement date occurred in February 2022 on the one-year anniversary of the IPO. The threshold was not met, and therefore no payment was made as of measurement date.

The aggregate amount of the Harvard Success Payments will not exceed an aggregate of $175.0 million, which payment amount would only occur upon a 40x increase in the fair value of the Company’s common stock based on a comparison of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock relative to the original issuance price of $4.00 per share. If a higher success payment tier is first met at the same time a lower tier is first met, both tiers will be owed. Any previous success payments made to Harvard would be credited against the success payment owed as of any valuation measurement date so that Harvard does not receive multiple success payments in connection with the same threshold. The Harvard Success Payments can be achieved over a maximum of 12 years from the effective date of the agreement. The following table summarizes the potential success payments and common stock price required for payment:

 

Multiple of Equity Value at Issuance

 

5x

 

 

10x

 

 

20x

 

 

30x

 

 

40x

 

Per share common stock price required for payment

 

$

20.00

 

 

$

40.00

 

 

$

80.00

 

 

$

120.00

 

 

$

160.00

 

Success payment(s) (in millions)

 

$

5.0

 

 

$

15.0

 

 

$

30.0

 

 

$

50.0

 

 

$

75.0

 

 

The Harvard Success Payment liabilities are carried at fair value, with the initial value and changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in research and development related success payments and contingent consideration. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the estimated fair value of the Harvard Success Payment liability was $14.2 million and $11.8 million, respectively, of which $5.0 million and $0, respectively, were recorded in short-term liabilities, and $9.2 million and $11.8 million, respectively, were recorded in long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. In connection with the change in the estimated fair value of the Harvard Success Payment liability the Company recognized expenses of $2.4 million, $9.9 million, and $1.9 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.