SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates in Financial Statement Preparation

Use of Estimates in Financial Statement Preparation

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP is based on the selection and application of accounting policies that require us to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements, and related disclosures in the accompanying notes to the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates and assumptions are periodically reviewed and the effects of changes are reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements in the period they are determined to be necessary. The Chapter 11 Cases may result in ongoing, additional changes in facts and circumstances that may cause the Company’s estimates and assumptions to change, potentially materially. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any of the disclosures, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

There have been no material changes to the critical accounting policies and estimates described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Fresh Start Accounting

Fresh Start Accounting

Upon emergence from bankruptcy, the Company assessed the requirements of fresh start accounting as required in Accounting Standards Codification 852: Reorganizations (“ASC 852”). Based on the Company’s assessment, management concluded that the Company does not qualify for fresh start accounting under ASC 852 upon emergence from bankruptcy. Management’s conclusion was based on the fact the total of all post-petition liabilities and reserve for allowed claims did not exceed the reorganization value, and the holders of existing voting shares immediately prior to confirmation did not lose control of the entity, as defined as receiving less than 50% of the emerging entity’s voting shares. Accordingly, the Company continued to apply GAAP in the ongoing preparation of its financial statements post emergence.

Segment Information

Segment Information

The Company has one reportable and operating segment.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Short-term Investments, and Restricted Cash

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Short-term Investments, and Restricted Cash

Cash includes cash equivalents which are highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash. The Company considers all liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. In general, investments with original maturities of greater than three months and remaining maturities of less than one year are classified as short-term investments. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit and securities accounts that exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced significant losses in such accounts and management believes it is not exposed to material credit risk.

The Company’s short-term investments consist primarily of U.S. Treasury notes and bills and U.S. Government and prime asset money market funds. The short-term investments are accounted for as available-for-sale securities. The settlement risk related to these investments is insignificant given that the short-term investments held are primarily highly liquid investment-grade fixed-income securities.

Restricted cash balances represent cash reserves as required by the Plan. Under the Plan, the Company established an escrow for the payment of certain professional fees incurred in connection with the Chapter 11 Cases (“Professional Fee Escrow”). The Professional Fee Escrow was established based upon estimates and assumptions as of the date the Company emerged from bankruptcy. Therefore, the actual obligations may be more or less than the amount escrowed. To the extent the Professional Fee Escrow is insufficient, the Company will be required to use its available unrestricted cash to settle its obligations. In the event the

Professional Fee Escrow exceeds the Company’s obligations, funds will be returned to the Company and become unrestricted. The Plan also required the Company to establish a $45 million reserve for allowed and disputed claims of general unsecured creditors (the “Claims Reserve”), including interest (although there can be no assurance the Company will be able to pay such claims in full, with interest). As of September 30, 2024, $27.3 million was included in restricted cash, which represents the initial Claims Reserve of $45 million, less $17.7 million which was released from the Claims Reserve related to the claims reconciliation process.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the amounts reported on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):

	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	26,096	$	87,096
Restricted cash		30,925		—
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows	$	57,021	$	87,096

Liabilities Subject to Compromise

Liabilities Subject to Compromise

In the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets, the “Liabilities subject to compromise” line is reflective of expected allowed claim amounts in accordance with ASC 852-10 and are subject to change materially based on the continued consideration of claims that may be modified, allowed, or disallowed. Refer to Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies for further detail.

Inventory and Inventory Valuation

Inventory and Inventory Valuation

Substantially all the Company’s inventory was specific to the production of the Endurance. As discussed above, the Company ceased production of the Endurance in June 2023. All of our Endurance inventory was sold pursuant to closing the LandX Asset Purchase Agreement in the fourth quarter of 2023.

The Company’s inventory was stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value (“NRV”). In addition to the NRV analysis, the Company recognized an excess inventory reserve to adjust for inventory quantities that were in excess of anticipated Endurance production. There were no NRV and excess inventory charges for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and $24.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. NRV and excess inventory charges are recorded within Cost of Sales in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. No such charges were recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment were stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment charges. Depreciation was computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives and residual values of the related assets. Maintenance and repair expenditures were expensed as incurred, while major improvements that increase functionality of the asset are capitalized and depreciated ratably to expense over the identified useful life.

Substantially all our property, plant and equipment were sold pursuant to closing the LandX Asset Purchase Agreement in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Valuation of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets

Valuation of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets

Long-lived assets, including intangible assets, were reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Asset impairment calculations required us to apply judgment in estimating asset group fair values and future cash flows, including periods of operation, projections of product pricing, production levels, product costs, market supply and demand, inflation, projected capital spending and, specifically for fixed

assets acquired, assigned useful lives, residual values functional obsolescence, asset condition and discount rates. When performing impairment tests, we estimated the fair values of the assets using management’s best assumptions, which we believe would be consistent with the assumptions that a hypothetical marketplace participant would use. Estimates and assumptions used in these tests are evaluated and updated as appropriate. The assessment of whether an asset group should be classified as held and used or held for sale requires us to apply judgment in estimating the probable timing of the sale, and in testing for impairment loss, judgment is required in estimating the net proceeds from the sale. Actual asset impairment losses could vary considerably from estimated impairment losses if actual results are not consistent with the assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and any impairment charge.

For assets to be held and used, including identifiable intangible assets and long-lived assets subject to amortization, we initiated our review whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. The recoverability of a long-lived asset subject to amortization is measured by comparison of its carrying amount to the expected future undiscounted cash flows that the asset is expected to generate. Any impairment recognized was measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeded its fair value. Significant management judgment is required in this process.

The Company recognized impairment charges of $0.7 million and $140.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. No such charges were recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Warrants

Warrants

The Company accounted for its warrants in accordance with the guidance contained in Accounting Standards Codification 815: Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) 815-40-15-7D and 7F under which the warrants did not meet the criteria for equity treatment and were recorded as liabilities at their fair value at each reporting period. Any change in fair value was recognized in the statement of operations. As a result of the Chapter 11 Cases, the fair value of the Company’s warrants was deemed to be zero and adjusted accordingly as of June 30, 2023.The fair value of the Company’s warrants is currently deemed to be zero.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

Revenue was recognized when control of a promised good or service was transferred to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for the good or service. Our performance obligations were satisfied at a point in time. The Company recognized revenue when the customer confirmed acceptance of vehicle possession. Costs related to shipping and handling activities are a part of fulfillment costs and are therefore recognized under cost of sales. The Company’s sales are final and do not have a right of return clause. There were limited instances of sales incentives offered to fleet management companies. The incentives offered were of an immaterial amount per vehicle, and there were no sales incentives recognized during 2024 or 2023.The Company did not offer financing options therefore there is no impact on the collectability of revenue. Upon emergence from bankruptcy as a shell company in March 2024, there were no sales or cost of sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Product Warranty

Product Warranty

The estimated costs related to product warranties were accrued at the time products were sold and are charged to cost of sales, which included our best estimate of the projected costs to repair or replace items under warranties and recalls if identified. As part of the bankruptcy proceedings, the Company received authorization from the Bankruptcy Court to repurchase all vehicles that were in the possession of the Company’s customers. The Company repurchased and sold for parts all but three of the vehicles that the Company had sold. The Company does not believe that the Company has any warranty obligations related to the three vehicles retained by customers.

Research and Development Costs

Research and Development Costs

The Company expensed research and development costs as they were incurred. Research and development costs consisted primarily of personnel costs for engineering, testing and manufacturing costs, along with expenditures for prototype manufacturing, testing, validation, certification, contract and other professional services and costs.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (ASC Topic 718), which establishes a fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based compensation plans. In accordance with ASC Topic 718, the cost of stock-based awards issued to employees and non-employees over the awards vesting period is measured on the grant date based on the fair value. The fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which incorporates assumptions regarding the expected volatility, expected option life and risk-free interest rate. The resulting amount was charged to expense on the straight-line basis over the period in which the Company expects to receive the benefit, which is generally the vesting period. Further, pursuant to ASU 2016-09 – Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718), the Company has elected to account for forfeitures as they occur. See Note 7 – Stock Based Compensation.

Reorganization Items

Reorganization Items

Reorganization items of $4.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 represent the expenses directly and incrementally resulting from the Chapter 11 Cases and are separately reported as Reorganization items in the condensed consolidated Statements of Operations. These reorganization costs are significant and currently represent the majority of the Company’s ongoing total operating expenses.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Income taxes are recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the consolidated financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets.

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740. When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that the benefit would more likely than not be realized assuming examination by the taxing authority. The determination as to whether the tax benefit will more likely than not be realized is based upon the technical merits of the tax position as well as consideration of the available facts and circumstances. The Company recognizes any interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. The Company does not have any accrued interest or penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

At December 31, 2023, the Company had $993.2 million of estimated federal net operating losses that carry forward indefinitely. At December 31, 2023, estimated state net operating losses of $322.3 million will be able to be carried forward 10 years and estimated local net operating losses of $558.0 million will be able to be carried forward between two to five years.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made in the presentation of the prior period balance sheet related to prepaid expenses, prepaid insurance, and other current assets as well as to the prior period statement of cash flows

related to accrued legal and professional and accrued expenses and other liabilities to conform with the September 30, 2024 presentation.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements

Recently issued accounting pronouncements

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280)-Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU requires interim and annual disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) and included within the reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss, requires interim disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets that are currently required annually, requires disclosure of the position and title of the CODM, clarifies circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, and contains other disclosure requirements. This authoritative guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this new guidance on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740)-Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU requires that reporting entities disclose specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information about income taxes paid. The authoritative guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this new guidance on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.