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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
Certain disclosures included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not required to be included on an interim basis in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. We have condensed or omitted these disclosures. Therefore, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and consolidate the financial statements of the Company and its controlled subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions, balances, revenues and expenses are eliminated upon consolidation. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, which are necessary for a fair statement of our financial condition and results of operations for the periods presented.
Consolidation
We consolidate entities in which we have a controlling financial interest. In determining whether we have a controlling financial interest in a partially owned entity, we consider whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and whether we are the primary beneficiary. We are the primary beneficiary of a VIE when we have both the power to direct the most significant activities impacting the economic performance of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits significant to the VIE. See additional information on our VIEs in Note 16 — “Variable Interest Entities.”
The non-controlling partner’s interest is generally calculated as the joint venture partner’s ownership percentage. Certain of the joint ventures formed by the Company provide the joint venture partner a profits interest based on certain internal rate of return hurdles being achieved. Any profits interest due to the joint venture partner is reported as net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
For our DST Program, the non-controlling interest represents the proceeds from the syndicated percentages of the DST Offerings. The non-controlling interest is presented as permanent equity in our condensed consolidated balance sheets because the fair market value purchase option to exchange interests for units of the Operating Partnership or cash is based on the occurrence of a conditional event. See additional information on our DST Program in Note 17 “DST Program.” The beneficial owners’ allocation of the DST Program’s income or loss is reported as net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
We apply the equity method of accounting if we have significant influence over an entity, typically when we hold 20 percent or more of the voting common stock (or equivalent) of an investee but do not have a controlling financial interest. In certain circumstances, such as with investments in limited liability companies or limited partnerships, we apply the equity method of accounting when we own as little as three to five percent. See Note 4 — “Investments in Unconsolidated Entities” for further information about our investments in partially owned entities.
Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments that have original or remaining maturity dates of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Certain cash balances classified as cash equivalents may be held in brokerage accounts that also hold our securities investments and can be swept into money market funds. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the highly liquid and short-term nature of these instruments. We may have cash balances in excess of federally insured amounts. We mitigate our risk of loss by maintaining cash deposits with high credit-quality institutions and by actively monitoring the credit risk of our counterparties.
Income Taxes
We elect to treat certain of our corporate subsidiaries as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”) which are subject to federal, state and local corporate income tax, as applicable. TRSs hold investments in assets, income streams, operating companies and associated expenses that produce non-qualifying items for purposes of REIT testing.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recorded a net tax benefit of approximately $8,000 and less than $1,000, respectively, located within other income (expense), net on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded a net tax expense of $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively, located within other income (expense), net on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had a deferred tax asset of $1.0 million and $0.3 million, respectively, which was offset by a full valuation allowance. Deferred tax assets and valuation allowances are recorded within other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2025, our tax years 2021 through 2025 remain subject to examination by the United States tax authorities.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. An example of an estimate may include, but is not limited to, estimates of the fair values of financial instruments. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Significant Accounting Policies
There have been no changes to our accounting policies included in Note 2 — “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.