Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Certain disclosures included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not required to be included on an interim basis in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. We have condensed or omitted these disclosures. Therefore, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and consolidate the financial statements of the Company and its controlled subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions, balances, revenues and expenses are eliminated upon consolidation. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, which are necessary for a fair statement of our financial condition and results of operations for the periods presented.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes to our accounting policies included in Note 2 — “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 other than as discussed below.

Consolidation

We consolidate entities in which we have a controlling financial interest. In determining whether we have a controlling financial interest in a partially owned entity, we consider whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and whether we are the primary beneficiary. We are the primary beneficiary of a VIE when we have both the power to direct the most significant activities impacting the economic performance of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits significant to the VIE.

For consolidated joint ventures, the non-controlling partner’s share of the assets, liabilities and operations of each joint venture is included in non-controlling interests in consolidated joint ventures and reported as equity of the Company on our consolidated balance sheets. The non-controlling partner’s interest is generally calculated as the joint venture partner’s ownership percentage. Certain of the joint ventures formed by the Company provide the joint venture partner a profits interest based on certain internal rate of return hurdles being achieved. Any profits interest due to the joint venture partner is reported within non-controlling interests.

We apply the equity method of accounting if we have significant influence over an entity, typically when we hold 20% or more of the voting common stock (or equivalent) of an investee but do not have a controlling financial interest. In certain circumstances, such as with investments in limited liability companies or limited partnerships, we apply the equity method of accounting when we own as little as three to five percent. See Note 4 — “Investments in Unconsolidated Entities” for further information about our investments in partially owned entities.

Derivative Financial Instruments

We use derivative financial instruments such as interest rate caps to manage risks from increases in interest rates. We record all derivatives at fair value on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. At the inception of a derivative contract, we determine whether the instrument will be part of a qualifying hedge accounting relationship or whether we will account for the contract as a trading instrument. We have elected not to apply hedge accounting to all derivative contracts. Changes in the fair value of our derivatives are recorded in unrealized gain on derivative instruments in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Derivative financial instruments are recorded as a component of other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value. We have elected to classify our interest rate caps as financing activities on our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows in the same category as the cash flow from the instrument for which the interest rate caps provide an economic hedge.

Income Taxes

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, we recorded a net tax expense of approximately $9,000 and $84,000, respectively, located within other expense on our consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, our taxable REIT subsidiaries did not have a tax expense. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we recorded a deferred tax asset of approximately $73,000 and a deferred tax liability of approximately $9,000, respectively. These were recorded within other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2022, our tax years 2019 through 2021 remain subject to examination by the United States tax authorities.

Redeemable Equity Instruments

Certain shares of our Class N common stock are classified as Class N redeemable common stock on our condensed consolidated balance sheets because the holder of these shares, Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (“MassMutual”), has the contractual right to redeem the shares under certain circumstances as described in Note 10 — “Class N Redeemable Common Stock.”

Our Class E units in INREIT OP are classified as redeemable non-controlling interest in INREIT OP on our condensed consolidated balance sheets because the holder of these units, Invesco REIT Special Limited Partner L.L.C. (the “Special Limited Partner”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Invesco, has the contractual right to redeem the units under certain circumstances as described in Note 11— “Equity and Redeemable Non-controlling Interest .”

We report our Class N redeemable common stock and redeemable non-controlling interest in INREIT OP on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at redemption value. The redemption value is determined as of our balance sheet date based on our net asset value (“NAV”) per share of Class N common stock or per unit of Class E units, as applicable. NAV is equivalent to GAAP stockholders’ equity adjusted for the redemption value of our redeemable common stock; certain organization and offering costs and certain operating expenses; unrealized real estate appreciation; accumulated depreciation and amortization; straight-line rent receivable and other assets. For purposes of determining our NAV, the fair value of our investments in real estate is determined based on third party valuations prepared by licensed appraisers in accordance with standard industry practice.

Earnings (Loss) per Share

We calculate basic earnings (loss) per share by dividing net earnings (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, including redeemable common stock. All classes of common stock are allocated net earnings (loss) at the same rate per share and receive the same gross distribution per share. We calculate diluted net earnings (loss) per share by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares and common share equivalents outstanding (unless their effect is antidilutive) for the period.

As of June 30, 2022 and 2021, there are no common share equivalents outstanding that would have a dilutive effect as a result of our net income, and accordingly, the weighted average number of common shares outstanding is identical for the period for both basic and diluted shares.