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Income tax (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income tax  
Schedule of income tax expense

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  ​ ​ ​

Year ended December 31, 

​

(in thousands of euros)

​

2023

​

2024

​

2025

​

Loss before tax

 

(109,819)

 

(183,899)

 

(354,116)

​

Theoretical tax rate

 

25.0

%

25.0

%

25.0

%

Tax benefit at theoretical rate

 

27,455

 

45,975

 

88,529

​

Tax credits

 

1,794

 

1,584

 

873

​

Permanent differences

 

478

 

(16,275)

 

3,967

​

Other permanent differences

​

(975)

​

(860)

​

(6,905)

​

Temporary differences

 

(30)

 

(34)

 

(36)

​

Tax rate differences

 

83

 

100

 

138

​

Non recognition of deferred tax assets related to tax losses and temporary differences

 

(28,930)

 

(30,569)

 

(86,589)

​

Impairment loss of deferred tax asset

 

(481)

 

(234)

 

—

​

Actual income tax benefit

 

(607)

 

(313)

 

(22)

​

of which

 

  ​

 

  ​

 

​

​

Current taxes

 

(62)

 

(305)

 

(124)

​

Deferred taxes

 

(545)

 

(8)

 

102

​

Effective tax rate

 

0.06

%

0.17

%

0.04

%