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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes

Income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $2 million on a loss before taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates of $35 million for a consolidated effective tax rate of 5.7%. The difference between our effective tax rate and the federal statutory tax rates for the jurisdictions in which we operate, for this period, primarily related to valuation allowances due to uncertainty regarding the realization of future tax benefits from deferred tax assets and non-deductible expenses associated with share-based compensation.

Income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $4 million on a loss before taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates of $18 million for a consolidated effective tax rate of 22.2%. The difference between our effective tax rate and the federal statutory tax rates for the jurisdictions in which we operate, for this period, primarily related to state and foreign income taxes and interest expense.

The CARES Act
On March 27, 2020, the President of the United States signed the CARES Act, a substantial tax-and-spending package intended to provide additional economic stimulus to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the quarter ended March 31, 2020.