The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company, its majority-owned subsidiaries and entities the Company identifies as variable interest entities (“VIEs”), of which the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. The financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries are translated into US Dollars (“USD”) using exchange rates in effect at period-end for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during each reporting period for results of operations. Adjustments resulting from financial statement translations are reflected as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in net income (loss).

In 2024, in connection with the disposal of its Asia Interactive Business, the Company acquired penny warrants that represent a 19.99% fully-diluted interest in the Buyer, as defined in Note 8 “Dispositions”, for approximately $1.9 million. The Company accounts for this interest as an equity method investment given the Company’s ability to exercise significant influence over, but not control, the counterparty to the agreement. Refer to Note 8 “Dispositions” for further information.

In 2023, the Company and International Game Technology PLC (“IGT”) contributed certain tangible assets and leases to Rhode Island VLT Company, LLC (the “RI Joint Venture”) in exchange for equity interests of the RI Joint Venture. The Company contributed video lottery terminals (“VLTs”) and player tracking equipment to the joint venture for a 40% equity interest of the RI Joint Venture. The 40% ownership in the joint venture qualifies for equity method accounting. In addition to this joint venture, the Company also has other investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries, which are accounted for using equity method accounting.

The Company records its share of net income or loss from equity method investments within “Other non-operating income, net” in the consolidated statements of operations. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded (loss) income from equity method investments of $(1.9) million and $4.3 million, respectively. There was no income or loss from equity method investments recorded by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Company evaluates entities for which control is achieved through means other than voting rights to determine if it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. An entity is a VIE if it has any of the following characteristics (i) has insufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support (ii) equity holders, as a group, lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or (iii) the entity is structured with non-substantive voting rights. The primary beneficiary of the VIE is generally the entity that has (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company consolidates its investment in a VIE when it determines that it is its primary beneficiary.

In determining whether it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, the Company considers qualitative and quantitative factors, including, but not limited to: which activities most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and which party controls such activities and significance of the Company’s investment and other means of participation in the VIE’s expected profits/losses. Significant judgments related to these determinations include estimates about the current and future fair values and performance of assets held by these VIEs and general market conditions.

Management has analyzed and concluded that a trust, that was established in connection with the disposal of the Asia Interactive Business, is a VIE that will be consolidated based on the applicable criterion. Refer to Note 8, “Dispositions” for further information.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, consolidated VIEs had total assets of $263.9 million and $161.3 million, respectively, and total liabilities of $27.9 million and $87.7 million, respectively. Consolidated VIEs had total revenues of $169.8 million, $293.3 million and $298.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company may change its original assessment of a VIE upon subsequent events such as the modification of contractual arrangements that affect the characteristics or adequacy of the entity’s equity investments at risk and the disposition of all or a portion of an interest held by the primary beneficiary. The Company performs this analysis on an ongoing basis.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and judgments including those related to contingent value rights, the allowance for credit losses, valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, recoverability and useful lives of tangible and intangible long-lived assets, accruals for potential liabilities related to any lawsuits or claims brought against the Company, fair value of financial instruments, capitalized software development costs, stock compensation and valuation allowances for deferred tax assets. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and other relevant factors impacting the carrying value of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash balances and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less. Restricted cash includes player deposits, payment service provider deposits, cash collateral in connection with amounts previously due to the Chicago Tribune (refer to Note 10 “Property and Equipment”), and VLT and table games related cash payable to certain states where we operate, which are unavailable for the Company’s use.

The Company’s financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consisted of cash and cash equivalents and trade receivables. The Company maintains cash with financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits, however, management believes the credit risk is mitigated by the quality of the institutions holding such deposits.


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Accounts due from Rhode Island and Delaware(1)	$	14,135	$	13,028
Gaming receivables	20,700		26,127
Non-gaming receivables	27,803		37,221
Accounts receivable	62,638		76,376
Less: Allowance for credit losses	(7,152)		(6,048)
Accounts receivable, net	$	55,486	$	70,328

An allowance for credit losses is determined to reduce the Company’s receivables for amounts that may not be collected. The allowance is estimated based on historical collection experience, current economic and business conditions and forecasts that affect the collectability and review of individual customer accounts and any other known information. Activity for the allowance for credit losses is as follows:

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if applicable. Expenditures for renewals and betterments that extend the life or value of an asset are capitalized and expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. The costs and related accumulated depreciation applicable to assets sold or disposed of are removed from the balance sheet accounts and the resulting gains or losses are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the related lease term, if any, as follows:

Development costs directly associated with the acquisition, development and construction of a project are capitalized as a cost of the project during the periods in which activities necessary to prepare the property for its intended use are in progress. Interest costs associated with major construction projects are capitalized as part of the cost of the constructed assets. When no debt is incurred specifically for a project, interest is capitalized on amounts expended for the project using the weighted average cost of borrowing. Capitalization of interest ceases when the project (or discernible portions of the project) is substantially complete. If substantially all of the construction activities of a project are suspended, capitalization of interest will cease until such activities are resumed. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, there was $8.0 million, $13.6 million and $1.9 million of capitalized interest, respectively.

The Company determines if a contract is or contains a lease at the contract inception date or the date in which a modification of an existing contract occurs. A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period in exchange for consideration. Control over the use of the identified asset means the lessee has both (i) the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use and (ii) the right to direct the use of the identified asset.

Upon adoption of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842, Leases, (“ASC 842”) the Company elected to account for lease and non-lease components as a single component for all classes of underlying assets. Additionally, the Company elected to not recognize short-term leases (defined as leases that are less than 12 months and do not contain purchase options) within the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company recognizes a lease liability for the present value of lease payments at the lease commencement date using its incremental borrowing rate commensurate with the lease term based on information available at the commencement date unless the rate implicit in the lease is readily determinable.

Certain of the Company’s leases include renewal options and escalation clauses; renewal options are included in the calculation of the lease liabilities and right of use assets when the Company determines it is reasonably certain to exercise the options. Variable expenses generally represent the Company’s share of the landlord’s operating expenses and consumer price index (“CPI”) increases. Rent expense associated with the Company’s long and short term leases and their associated variable expenses are reported in total operating costs and expenses within the consolidated statements of operations.

Goodwill consists of the excess of acquisition costs over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill is not amortized, but is reviewed for impairment annually as of October 1st, or when events or changes in the business environment indicate that the carrying value of the reporting unit may exceed its fair value, by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill.

When assessing goodwill for impairment, first, qualitative factors are assessed to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. Items that are considered in the qualitative assessment include, but are not limited to, the following: macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions and overall financial performance. If the results of the qualitative assessment indicate it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, or if the Company elects to bypass the qualitative assessment, a quantitative goodwill test is performed.

The Company’s intangible assets primarily consist of customer relationships, developed technology, internally developed software, gaming licenses and trade names. The Company also has a commercial rights intangible asset obtained through the Framework Agreement (as defined herein). Refer to Note 15 “Strategic Partnership - Sinclair Broadcast Group” for further information regarding the Sinclair Broadcast Group (“Sinclair”) commercial rights.

For its finite-lived intangible assets, the Company establishes a useful life upon initial recognition based on the period over which the asset is expected to contribute to the future cash flows of the Company and periodically evaluates the remaining useful lives to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining amortization period. Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their remaining useful lives in a pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset are consumed, which is generally on a straight-line basis. The Company reviews the carrying amount of its finite-lived intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Should events and circumstances indicate finite-lived intangible assets may not be recoverable, the Company performs a test for recoverability whereby estimated undiscounted cash flows are compared to the carrying values of the assets. Should the estimated undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying value, no impairments are recorded. If the undiscounted cash flows do not exceed the carrying values, an impairment is recorded based on the fair value of the asset.

Developed Technology - Developed technology relates to the design and development of sports betting and casino gaming software and online gaming products acquired through the Company’s acquisitions of the businesses within the International Interactive and North America Interactive segments. Developed technology is considered to be a finite-lived intangible asset, which are amortized over their estimated useful lives, which is generally between three to 10 years.

Internally Developed Software - Software that is developed for internal use is accounted for pursuant to ASC 350-40, Intangibles, Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software. Qualifying costs incurred to develop internal-use software are capitalized when (i) the preliminary project stage is completed, (ii) management has authorized further funding for the completion of the project and (iii) it is probable that the project will be completed and perform as intended. These capitalized costs include compensation for employees who develop internal-use software and external costs related to development of internal use software. Capitalization of these costs ceases once the project is substantially complete and the software is ready for its intended purpose. Once placed into service, internally developed software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, which is generally five years. All other expenditures, including those incurred in order to maintain an intangible asset’s current level of performance, are expensed as incurred.

Gaming Licenses and Trade Names - Certain gaming licenses and trade names classified as finite-lived are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The Company also has certain gaming licenses, including its VLT licenses, and trade names, which are considered to be indefinite lived based on future expectations of operating its gaming properties indefinitely, continuing to brand its corporate name and certain properties under the Bally’s trade name indefinitely and continuing to indefinitely brand its online casino offerings within the International Interactive segment with the trade names acquired through the Gamesys acquisition. Intangible assets not subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment annually as of October 1 and between annual test dates whenever events or changes in circumstances may indicate that the carrying amount of the related asset may exceed its fair value.

The Company reviews its long-lived assets, other than goodwill and intangible assets not subject to amortization, for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If an asset is still under development, the analysis includes the remaining construction costs. If the carrying value of the asset exceeds the expected undiscounted future cash flows generated by the asset, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value and an impairment loss is recognized.

In order to execute on its strategy of improving working capital efficiency, the Company will, from time to time, participate in trade finance or deferred payable initiatives, including programs that may extend trade terms with certain suppliers or vendors. In certain cases, where the Company is not able to extend payment terms directly with suppliers or vendors, the Company will consider deferred payable solutions that simulate such trade term extensions. These solutions generally involve entering into exchange agreements with intermediary institutions who will make payment to the supplier or vendor within the original terms on behalf of the Company, in exchange for a new bill with terms that conforms to the Company’s payment policy of net 90 days. The Company will then pay the new bill to the intermediary institutions, inclusive of any embedded premium, which the Company records as “Interest expense, net,” within three months or less.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company borrowed $239.1 million, under these deferred payable arrangements and repaid $165.4 million. Amounts outstanding under these deferred payable arrangements were $72.8 million as of December 31, 2024 and are included in “Accrued and other current liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company incurred $6.4 million of interest expense, under these arrangements. These arrangements were not utilized by the Company during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Debt issuance costs and debt discounts incurred by the Company in connection with obtaining and amending financing have been included as a component of the carrying amount of debt in the consolidated balance sheets. Debt issuance costs and debt discounts are amortized over the contractual term of the debt to interest expense. Debt issuance costs of the revolving credit facility are amortized on a straight-line basis, while all other debt issuance costs and debt discounts are amortized using the effective interest method. Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discounts included in “Interest expense” in the consolidated statements of operations was $11.7 million, $11.3 million and $10.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company is self-insured for employee medical insurance coverage, general liability and workers’ compensation up to certain stop-loss amounts. Self-insurance liabilities are estimated based on the Company’s claims experience using actuarial methods to estimate the future cost of claims and related expenses that have been reported but not settled and that have been incurred but not yet reported. The self-insurance liabilities are included in “Accrued and other current liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets and were $23.9 million and $21.0 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Company operates defined contribution plans covering its non-union employees and certain union employees. The plans allow for employee salary deferrals, which are matched at the Company’s discretion. Total employer contribution expense attributable to defined contribution plans was $10.3 million, $8.5 million and $7.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company sponsors a non-contributory, tax qualified defined benefit pension plan that has been frozen since July 2011. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the benefit obligation was $16.1 million and $16.9 million, respectively, and the fair value of plan assets were $17.2 million and $16.5 million, respectively. The Company did not make any contributions to the plan during the year ended December 31, 2024 and does not expect to contribute in 2025. Net periodic benefit income and total income recognized in other comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $0.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Amounts relating to the plan recognized in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 consist of non-current assets of $1.1 million and non-current liabilities of $0.5 million, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, a settlement was recognized under the Dover Downs Defined Benefit Pension Plan as the total amount of lump sum benefit payments was greater than the sum of the service and interest costs for the fiscal year. The settlement reduced the Company’s benefit obligation by $3.4 million and reduced total income recognized in other comprehensive income for the year by $0.2 million.

The Company accounts for its share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). The Company has two share-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 19 “Equity Plans.” Share-based compensation consists of stock options, time-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”), restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) and performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”). The grant date closing price per share of the Company’s stock is used to estimate the fair value of RSUs and RSAs. Stock options are granted at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the dates of grant. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the individual grants. PSUs vest, when and if earned, in accordance with the terms of the related PSU award agreements. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense based on the target number of shares of common stock that may be earned pursuant to the award and the Company’s stock price on the date of grant and subsequently adjusts expense based on actual and forecasted performance compared to planned targets. Forfeitures are recognized as reductions to share-based compensation when they occur.

The Company accounts for Penny Warrants and Options in accordance with ASC 815-40, Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. The Penny Warrants and Options are classified in equity because they are indexed to the Company’s own stock and meet all conditions for equity classification. The Performance Warrants are accounted for as a derivative liability in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) because the underlying performance metrics represent an adjustment to the settlement amount that is not indexed to the Company’s own stock and thus equity classification is precluded under ASC 815. The Performance Warrants are marked to market each reporting period, with changes in fair value recorded in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” in the consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 15 “Strategic Partnership - Sinclair Broadcast Group” for further information.

Under ASC 815-40-35, the Company has adopted a sequencing policy to determine equity or asset/liability classification for contracts involving the Company’s own equity that require cash settlement if sufficient shares are not available to settle the contracts in equity. Under this policy, the Company has elected to allocate available shares to contracts based on the order in which they become exercisable.

The Company accounts for revenue earned from contracts with customers under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The Company generates revenue from four principal sources: gaming (which includes retail gaming, online gaming, sports betting and racing), hotel, food and beverage, licensing and retail, entertainment and other. Refer to Note 6 “Revenue Recognition” for further information.

Gaming expenses include, among other things, payroll costs and expenses associated with the operation of VLTs, slots and table games, including gaming taxes payable to jurisdictions in which the Company operates outside of Rhode Island and Delaware, and certain marketing costs directly associated with the Company’s iGaming products and services. Gaming expenses also include racing expenses comprised of payroll costs, off track betting (“OTB”) commissions and other expenses associated with the operation of live racing and simulcasting.

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses, including production and agency fees of campaigns, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, advertising expense was $12.2 million, $19.0 million and $26.8 million, respectively, are included in “General and administrative” on the consolidated statements of operations. Additionally, the Company incurred certain advertising and marketing costs directly associated with the Company’s iGaming products and services of $170.1 million, $178.7 million and $174.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectfully. These costs are included within Gaming expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Interest expense, net is comprised of interest costs for the Company’s debt, amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discounts, interest costs associated with the Company’s deferred payable arrangements, net of interest income earned on the note receivable (refer to Note 8, Dispositions), amounts capitalized for construction projects, realized changes in fair value relating to interest rate derivative contracts designated as cash flow hedges, and lease payments associated with the Company’s financing obligation during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

The Company prepares its income tax provision in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that the rate change is enacted. A valuation allowance is required when it is “more likely than not” that all or a portion of the deferred taxes will not be realized. The consolidated financial statements reflect expected future tax consequences of uncertain tax positions presuming the taxing authorities’ full knowledge of the position and all relevant facts.

Basic loss per common share is calculated in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, which requires entities that have issued securities other than common stock that participate in dividends with common stock (“participating securities”) to apply the two-class method to compute basic loss per common share. The two-class method is an earnings allocation method under which basic loss per common share is calculated for each class of common stock and participating security as if all such earnings had been distributed during the period. To calculate basic loss per share, the earnings allocated to common shares is divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, contingently issuable warrants and RSUs, RSAs and PSUs for which no future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock (collectively, basic shares).

The Company’s functional currency is the US Dollar (“USD”). Foreign subsidiaries with a functional currency other than USD translate assets and liabilities at current exchange rates at the end of the reporting periods, while income and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates for the respective periods. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are recorded to other comprehensive income (loss). Gains or losses from foreign currency remeasurements that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” on the consolidated statements of operations.

Comprehensive income (loss) includes changes in equity that result from transactions and economic events from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss), changes in defined benefit pension plan, net of tax, foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains (losses) relating to cash flow and net investment hedges, net of tax.

The Company records the repurchase of shares of common stock at cost based on the settlement date of the transaction. These shares are classified as treasury stock, which is a reduction to stockholders’ equity. Treasury stock is included in authorized and issued shares but excluded from outstanding shares.

The Company accounts for its acquisitions in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The Company initially allocates the purchase price of an acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values, with any excess of consideration transferred recorded as goodwill. If the estimated fair value of net assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the purchase price, the Company records a gain on bargain purchase in earnings in the period of acquisition. The results of operations of acquisitions are included in the consolidated financial statements from their respective dates of acquisition. Costs incurred to complete the business combination such as investment banking, legal and other professional fees are not considered part of consideration and are charged to general and administrative expense as they are incurred.

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which it recognizes revenues and expenses, and for which discrete financial information is available and regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance.

Fair value is determined using the principles of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. Fair value is described as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes and defines the inputs to valuation techniques as follows:

The inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability are categorized within levels of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the measurement.

Cross Currency Swaps - The Company uses fixed-to-fixed cross-currency swap agreements to hedge its exposure to adverse foreign currency exchange rate movements for its foreign operations. The Company has elected the spot method for designating these contracts as net investment hedges. These derivative arrangements qualify as net investment hedges under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), with the gain or loss resulting from changes in the spot value of the derivative reported in other comprehensive income (loss) with amounts reclassified out of other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings when the hedged net investment is either sold or substantially liquidated. Refer to Note 12 “Derivative Instruments” for further information.

Interest Rate Contracts - The Company uses interest rate derivatives to hedge its exposure to variability in cash flows on its floating-rate debt to add stability to interest expense and manage its exposure to interest rate movements. The Company’s interest rate swaps and collars are designated as cash flow hedges under ASC 815, with changes in the fair value reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into “Interest expense, net” in the consolidated statements of operations in the same period in which the hedged interest payments associated with the Company’s borrowings are recorded. Refer to Note 12 “Derivative Instruments” for further information.