Note 4:

Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

A summary of loans at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, are as follows (dollars in thousands):

	June 30, 2020			December 31, 2019
Construction & development	$	92,380		$	70,628
1 - 4 family real estate		29,675			34,160
Commercial real estate - other		285,609			273,278
Total commercial real estate		407,664			378,066
Commercial & industrial		372,554			260,762
Agricultural		49,274			57,945
Consumer		10,713			11,895
Gross loans		840,205			708,668
Less allowance for loan losses		(9,878	)		(7,846	)
Less deferred loan fees		(2,262	)		(1,364	)
Net loans	$	828,065		$	699,458

Included in the commercial & industrial loan balance at June 30, 2020, are $64.0 million of loans that were originated under the SBA PPP program.

The following table presents, by portfolio segment, the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	Construction & Development		1 - 4 Family Commercial			Commercial Real Estate - Other		Commercial & Industrial			Agricultural		Consumer		Total
June 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of period	$	944	$	376		$	3,032	$	3,495		$	551	$	115	$	8,513

Charge-offs		-		-			-		(39	)		-		-		(39	)
Recoveries		-		-			-		4			-		-		4

Net recoveries		-		-			-		(35	)		-		-		(35	)

Provision (credit) for loan losses		142		(27	)		326		920			28		11		1,400
Balance, end of period	$	1,086	$	349		$	3,358	$	4,380		$	579	$	126	$	9,878

	Construction & Development			1 - 4 Family Commercial			Commercial Real Estate - Other		Commercial & Industrial		Agricultural			Consumer			Total
June 30, 2019
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,290		$	452		$	2,087	$	3,068	$	760		$	178		$	7,835

Charge-offs		-			-			-		-		(10	)		-			(10	)
Recoveries		-			1			-		7		3			-			11

Net recoveries		-			1			-		7		(7	)		-			1

Provision (credit) for loan losses		(259	)		(5	)		242		96		(58	)		(16	)		-
Balance, end of period	$	1,031		$	448		$	2,329	$	3,171	$	695		$	162		$	7,836

The following table presents, by portfolio segment, the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	Construction & Development		1 - 4 Family Real Estate			Commercial Real Estate - Other		Commercial & Industrial			Agricultural			Consumer			Total
June 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of period	$	782	$	378		$	3,025	$	2,887		$	642		$	132		$	7,846

Charge-offs		-		-			-		(39	)		-			-			(39	)
Recoveries		-		2			-		9			10			-			21

Net charge-offs		-		2			-		(30	)		10			-			(18	)

Provision (credit) for loan losses		304		(31	)		333		1,523			(73	)		(6	)		2,050
Balance, end of period	$	1,086	$	349		$	3,358	$	4,380		$	579		$	126		$	9,878

	Construction & Development			1 - 4 Family Real Estate		Commercial Real Estate - Other		Commercial & Industrial			Agricultural			Consumer			Total
June 30, 2019
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,136		$	433	$	2,035	$	3,231		$	818		$	179		$	7,832

Charge-offs		-			-		-		(4	)		(10	)		-			(14	)
Recoveries		-			2		-		13			3			-			18

Net recoveries		-			2		-		9			(7	)		-			4

Provision (credit) for loan losses		(105	)		13		294		(69	)		(116	)		(17	)		-
Balance, end of period	$	1,031		$	448	$	2,329	$	3,171		$	695		$	162		$	7,836

The following table presents, by portfolio segment, the balance in allowance for loan losses and the gross loans based upon portfolio segment and impairment method as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	Construction & Development		1 - 4 Family Real Estate		Commercial Real Estate - Other		Commercial & Industrial		Agricultural		Consumer		Total
June 30, 2020
Allowance Balance
Ending balance Individually evaluated for impairment	$	-	$	130	$	26	$	-	$	169	$	-	$	325
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,086		219		3,332		4,380		410		126		9,553

Total	$	1,086	$	349	$	3,358	$	4,380	$	579	$	126	$	9,878

Gross Loans
Ending balance Individually evaluated for impairment	$	-	$	1,143	$	3,609	$	7,739	$	3,785	$	-	$	16,276
Collectively evaluated for impairment		92,380		28,532		282,000		364,815		45,489		10,713		823,929

Total	$	92,380	$	29,675	$	285,609	$	372,554	$	49,274	$	10,713	$	840,205

December 31, 2019
Allowance Balance
Ending balance Individually evaluated for impairment	$	-	$	-	$	26	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	26

Collectively evaluated for impairment		782		378		2,999		2,887		642		132		7,820

Total	$	782	$	378	$	3,025	$	2,887	$	642	$	132	$	7,846

Gross Loans
Ending balance Individually evaluated for impairment	$	-	$	-	$	5,841	$	2,750	$	2,527	$	-	$	11,118
Collectively evaluated for impairment		70,628		34,160		267,437		258,012		55,418		11,895		697,550

Total	$	70,628	$	34,160	$	273,278	$	260,762	$	57,945	$	11,895	$	708,668

Internal Risk Categories

Each loan segment is made up of loan categories possessing similar risk characteristics.

Risk characteristics applicable to each segment of the loan portfolio are described as follows:

Real Estate – The real estate portfolio consists of residential and commercial properties. Residential loans are generally secured by owner occupied 1–4 family residences. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and credit rating of the borrowers. Credit risk in these loans can be impacted by economic conditions within the Company’s market areas that might impact either property values or a borrower’s personal income. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. Commercial real estate loans in this category typically involve larger principal amounts and are repaid primarily from the cash flow of a borrower’s principal business operation, the sale of the real estate or income independent of the loan purpose. Credit risk in these loans is driven by the creditworthiness of a borrower, property values, the local economy and other economic conditions impacting a borrower’s business or personal income.

Commercial & Industrial – The commercial portfolio includes loans to commercial customers for use in financing working capital needs, equipment purchases and expansions. The loans in this category are repaid primarily from the cash flow of a borrower’s principal business operation. Credit risk in these loans is driven by creditworthiness of a borrower and the economic conditions that impact the cash flow stability from business operations.

Agricultural – Loans secured by agricultural assets are generally made for the purpose of acquiring land devoted to crop production, cattle or poultry or the operation of a similar type of business on the secured property. Sources of repayment for these loans generally include income generated from operations of a business on the property, rental income or sales of the property. Credit risk in these loans may be impacted by crop and commodity prices, the creditworthiness of a borrower, and changes in economic conditions which might affect underlying property values and the local economies in the Company’s market areas.

Consumer – The consumer loan portfolio consists of various term and line of credit loans such as automobile loans and loans for other personal purposes. Repayment for these types of loans will come from a borrower’s income sources that are typically independent of the loan purpose. Credit risk is driven by consumer economic factors, such as unemployment and general economic conditions in the Company’s market area and the creditworthiness of a borrower.

Loan grades are numbered 1 through 4. Grade 1 is considered satisfactory. The grades of 2 and 3, or Watch and Special Mention, respectively, represent loans of lower quality and are considered criticized. Grade of 4, or Substandard, refers to loans that are classified.

•

Grade 1 (Pass) – These loans generally conform to Bank policies, and are characterized by policy conforming advance rates on collateral, and have well-defined repayment sources. In addition, these credits are extended to Borrowers and/or Guarantors with a strong balance sheet and either substantial liquidity or a reliable income history.

•

Grade 2 (Watch) – These loans are still considered “Pass” credits; however, various factors such as industry stress, material changes in cash flow or financial conditions, or deficiencies in loan documentation, or other risk issues determined by the Lending Officer, Commercial Loan Committee (CLC), or Credit Quality Committee (CQC) warrant a heightened sense and frequency of monitoring.

•

Grade 3 (Special Mention) – These loans must have observable weaknesses or evidence imprudent handling or structural issues. The weaknesses require close attention and the remediation of those weaknesses is necessary. No risk of probable loss exists. Credits in this category are expected to quickly migrate to a “2” or a “4” as this is viewed as a transitory loan grade.

•

Grade 4 (Substandard) – These loans are not adequately protected by the sound worth and debt service capacity of the Borrower, but may be well secured. They have defined weaknesses relative to cash flow, collateral, financial condition, or other factors that might jeopardize repayment of all of the principal and interest on a timely basis. There is the possibility that a future loss will occur if weaknesses are not remediated.

The Company evaluates the definitions of loan grades and the allowance for loan losses methodology on an ongoing basis. No changes were made to either during the period ended June 30, 2020.

The following table presents the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio based on internal rating category as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	Construction & Development		1 - 4 Family Real Estate		Commercial Real Estate - Other		Commercial & Industrial		Agricultural		Consumer		Total
June 30, 2020
Grade
1 (Pass)	$	92,380	$	27,745	$	269,191	$	335,070	$	45,489	$	10,713	$	780,588
2 (Watch)		-		787		9,811		14,654		-		-		25,252
3 (Special Mention)		-		-		2,998		15,091		-		-		18,089
4 (Substandard)		-		1,143		3,609		7,739		3,785		-		16,276
Total	$	92,380	$	29,675	$	285,609	$	372,554	$	49,274	$	10,713	$	840,205

	Construction & Development		1 - 4 Family Real Estate		Commercial Real Estate - Other		Commercial & Industrial		Agricultural		Consumer		Total
December 31, 2019
Grade
1 (Pass)	$	70,628	$	33,622	$	267,437	$	241,176	$	53,290	$	11,895	$	678,048
2 (Watch)		-		538		-		5,312		-		-		5,850
3 (Special Mention)		-		-		-		11,524		2,128		-		13,652
4 (Substandard)		-		-		5,841		2,750		2,527		-		11,118
Total	$	70,628	$	34,160	$	273,278	$	260,762	$	57,945	$	11,895	$	708,668

The following table presents the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis of the recorded investment in loans as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	Past Due													Total Loans
		30–59 Days		60–89 Days		Greater than 90 Days		Total		Current		Total Loans		> 90 Days & Accruing
June 30, 2020
Construction & development		$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	92,380	$	92,380	$	-
1 - 4 Family Real Estate			-		-		-		-		29,675		29,675		-
Commercial Real Estate - other			-		-		-		-		285,609		285,609		-
Commercial & industrial			329		6		-		335		372,219		372,554		-
Agricultural			57		-		-		57		49,217		49,274		-
Consumer			89		-		-		89		10,624		10,713		-
Total		$	475	$	6	$	-	$	481	$	839,724	$	840,205	$	-
December 31, 2019
Construction & development		$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	70,628	$	70,628	$	-
1 - 4 Family Real Estate			-		-		-		-		34,160		34,160		-
Commercial Real Estate - other			-		-		-		-		273,278		273,278		-
Commercial & industrial			-		-		14		14		260,748		260,762		14
Agricultural			-		-		598		598		57,347		57,945		598
Consumer			90		-		-		90		11,805		11,895		-
Total		$	90	$	-	$	612	$	702	$	707,966	$	708,668	$	612

The following table presents impaired loans as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment with No Allowance		Recorded Investment with an Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
											Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
											2020				2020
June 30, 2020
Construction & development	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
1 - 4 Family Real Estate		1,143		-		1,143		1,143		130		1,148		32		574		32
Commercial Real Estate - other		3,609		1,902		1,707		3,609		26		3,664		59		3,795		129
Commercial & industrial		7,739		7,739		-		7,739		-		8,170		139		6,131		321
Agricultural		3,002		873		2,129		3,002		169		2,635		3		2,741		41
Consumer		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total	$	15,493	$	10,514	$	4,979	$	15,493	$	325	$	15,617	$	233	$	13,241	$	523

											Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
December 31, 2019											2019				2019
Construction & development	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
1 - 4 Family Real Estate		-		-		-		-		-		713		-		414		-
Commercial Real Estate - other		5,841		4,032		1,809		5,841		26		1,335		33		1,147		66
Commercial & industrial		2,750		2,750		-		2,750		-		5,290		55		5,940		178
Agricultural		2,527		1,744		-		1,744		-		2,548		48		2,190		105
Consumer		-		-		-		-		-		193		-		193		-
Total	$	11,118	$	8,526	$	1,809	$	10,335	$	26	$	10,079	$	136	$	9,884	$	349

Impaired loans include nonperforming loans and also include loans modified in troubled-debt restructurings where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection.

Included in certain loan categories in the impaired loans are troubled debt restructurings that were classified as impaired. At June 30, 2020, the Company had $1,707,000 of commercial real estate loans and $786,000 of agricultural loans that were modified in troubled-debt restructurings and impaired and $1,758,000 of commercial real estate and $912,000 of agricultural loan modifications as of December 31, 2019. There were no newly modified troubled-debt restructurings during the six months ended June 30, 2020.

There were no troubled-debt restructurings modified in the past six months that subsequently defaulted for the period ended June 30, 2020.

The following table represents information regarding nonperforming assets at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	As of
	June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Nonaccrual loans	$	7,127	$	1,809
Troubled-debt restructurings (1)		786		912
Accruing loans 90 or more days past due		-		612
Total nonperforming loans	$	7,913	$	3,333

(1) $1.71 million and $1.81 million of TDRs as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, are included in the nonaccrual loans balance in the line above.

The CARES Act includes a provision that permits a financial institution to elect to suspend temporarily troubled debt restructuring accounting under ASC Subtopic 310-40 in certain circumstances (“section 4013”). To be eligible under section 4013, a loan modification must be (1) related to COVID-19; (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date of termination of the National Emergency or (B) December 31, 2020. In response to this section of the CARES Act, the federal banking agencies issued a revised interagency statement on April 7, 2020 that, in consultation with the Financial Accounting Standards Board, confirmed that for loans not subject to section 4013, short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to any relief are not troubled debt restructurings under ASC Subtopic 310-40. This includes short-term (e.g., up to six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or delays in payment that are insignificant. Borrowers considered current are those that are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. In the period ending June 30, 2020, 174 loans totaling $312.8 million were modified, related to COVID-19, which were not considered troubled debt restructurings.