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Pension and Other Benefit Programs (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Benefit Obligations, Assets, Funded Status and Balance Sheet Impacts Associated with Pension and Postretirement Medical Benefit Plans based upon Actuarial Valuations
The following chart summarizes the benefit obligations, assets, funded status and balance sheet impacts associated with the defined benefit pension and postretirement medical benefit plans:
 Pension PlansPostretirement Medical Plans
 September 30,
2023		October 1,
2022		September 30,
2023		October 1,
2022
Projected benefit obligations
Beginning obligations$(15,028) $(20,955) $(1,539) $(2,121) 
Service cost(282) (400) (5) (9) 
Interest cost(784) (500) (81) (51) 
Actuarial gain(1)
757  6,159  59  595  
Plan amendments and other(2)
14  39  539  (16) 
Benefits paid633  629  66  63  
Ending obligations$(14,690) $(15,028) $(961) $(1,539) 
Fair value of plans’ assets
Beginning fair value$14,721  $18,076  $749  $889  
Actual return on plan assets1,324  (2,715) 71  (134) 
Contributions73  96  29  61  
Benefits paid(633) (629) (66) (63) 
Expenses and other(43) (107) (2) (4) 
Ending fair value$15,442  $14,721  $781  $749  
Overfunded (Underfunded) status of the plans$752  $(307) $(180) $(790) 
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet
Non-current assets$1,971  $913  $209  $—  
Current liabilities(72) (66) (2) (4) 
Non-current liabilities(1,147) (1,154) (387) (786) 
$752  $(307) $(180) $(790) 
(1)The actuarial gain for fiscal 2022 was due to an increase in the discount rate used to determine the fiscal year-end benefit obligation from the rate that was used in the preceding fiscal year.
(2)The decrease in fiscal 2023 was due to a change in postretirement medical benefit options.
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
The components of net periodic benefit cost (benefit) are as follows:
 Pension PlansPostretirement Medical Plans
 202320222021202320222021
Service cost$282  $400  $434  $5  $9  $10  
Other costs (benefits):
Interest cost784  500  457  81  51  47  
Expected return on plan assets(1,149) (1,174) (1,100) (61) (59) (55) 
Amortization of prior-year service costs8  7  11  —  —  —  
Recognized net actuarial loss/(gain)
19  585  777  (22) 28  30  
Total other costs (benefit)
(338) (82) 145  (2) 20  22  
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
$(56) $318  $579  $3  $29  $32  
Key Assumptions
Key assumptions are as follows:
 Pension PlansPostretirement Medical Plans
 202320222021202320222021
Discount rate used to determine the fiscal year‑end benefit obligation5.94 %5.44 %2.88 %5.94 %5.47 %2.89 %
Discount rate used to determine the interest cost component of net periodic benefit cost5.37 %2.45 %2.28 %5.38 %2.47 %2.28 %
Rate of return on plan assets7.00 %7.00 %7.00 %7.00 %7.00 %7.00 %
Weighted average rate of compensation increase to determine the fiscal year‑end benefit obligation3.10 %3.10 %3.10 %n/an/an/a
Year 1 increase in cost of benefitsn/an/an/a7.00 %7.00 %7.00 %
Rate of increase to which the cost of benefits is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)n/an/an/a4.00 %4.00 %4.00 %
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend raten/an/an/a2042 2041 2040
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Before Tax, Not yet Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost
AOCI, before tax, as of September 30, 2023 consists of the following amounts that have not yet been recognized in net periodic benefit cost:
Pension PlansPostretirement
Medical Plans		Total
Prior service costs (benefits)
$15  $(556) $(541) 
Net actuarial loss (gain)
2,929  (137) 2,792  
Total amounts included in AOCI2,944  (693) 2,251  
Prepaid (accrued) pension cost(3,696) 873  (2,823) 
Net balance sheet liability (asset)
$(752) $180  $(572) 
Plan Assets Investment Policy Ranges for Major Asset Classes The investment policy ranges for the major asset classes are as follows:
Asset ClassMinimumMaximum
Equity investments30%60%
Fixed income investments20%40%
Alternative investments10%30%
Cash & money market funds—%10%
Defined Benefit Plan Assets Measured at Fair Value
The Company’s defined benefit plan assets are summarized by level in the following tables:
As of September 30, 2023
DescriptionLevel 1Level 2TotalPlan Asset Mix
Cash$68  $—  $68  —%
Common and preferred stocks(1)
3,517  —  3,517  22%
Mutual funds1,139  —  1,139  7%
Government and federal agency bonds, notes and MBS
2,025  442  2,467  15%
Corporate bonds
—  750  750  4%
Other mortgage- and asset-backed securities—  120  120  1%
Derivatives and other, net
—  12  12  —%
Total investments in the fair value hierarchy $6,749  $1,324  8,073  
Assets valued at NAV as a practical expedient:
Common collective funds
3,517  22%
Alternative investments4,352  27%
Money market funds and other281  2%
Total investments at fair value$16,223  100%
As of October 1, 2022
DescriptionLevel 1Level 2TotalPlan Asset Mix
Cash$177  $—  $177  1%
Common and preferred stocks(1)
3,118  —  3,118  20%
Mutual funds1,044  —  1,044  7%
Government and federal agency bonds, notes and MBS
2,061  293  2,354  15%
Corporate bonds
—  751  751  5%
Other mortgage- and asset-backed securities—  84  84  1%
Derivatives and other, net
2  13  15  —%
Total investments in the fair value hierarchy $6,402  $1,141  7,543  
Assets valued at NAV as a practical expedient:
Common collective funds
3,479  22%
Alternative investments4,208  27%
Money market funds and other240  2%
Total investments at fair value$15,470  100%
(1)Includes 2.9 million shares of Company common stock valued at $235 million (1% of total plan assets) and 2.9 million shares valued at $273 million (2% of total plan assets) at September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022, respectively.
Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The following table presents estimated future benefit payments for the next ten fiscal years:
Pension
Plans
Postretirement
Medical Plans(1)
2024$768$56
202577655
202682259
202786662
202891164
2029 – 20335,132356
(1)Estimated future benefit payments are net of expected Medicare subsidy receipts of $39 million.
Long Term Rates of Return by Asset Class The following long-term rates of return by asset class were considered in setting the long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption:
Equity Securities6 %to10 %
Debt Securities3 %to5 %
Alternative Investments6 %to11 %
One Percentage Point (ppt) Change on Projected Benefit Obligations A one percentage point change in the discount rate and expected long-term rate of return on plan assets would have the following effects on the projected benefit obligations for pension and postretirement medical plans as of September 30, 2023 and on cost for fiscal 2024:
 Discount RateExpected Long-Term
Rate of Return On Assets
Increase (decrease)Benefit
Expense		Projected Benefit ObligationsBenefit
Expense
1 percentage point decrease$201  $2,038  $170  
1 percentage point increase(45) (1,798) (170) 
Contribution into Multiemployer Pension Plans and Health and Welfare Plans
The following table sets forth our contributions to multiemployer pension and health and welfare benefit plans:
202320222021
Pension plans$316$402$289
Health & welfare plans299401272
Total contributions$615$803$561