(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including areas code, of agent for service)

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this
Registration Statement becomes effective.

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: as soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☐

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” as set forth in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act ☐

The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to such Section 8(a), may determine.

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state or other jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

This is our initial public offering. We are offering 1,800,000 common shares. We expect that the initial public offering price will be between $4.00 and $4.50 per share.

No public market currently exists for our common shares. We have applied for approval for quotation on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “MMTC” for the common shares we are offering. We believe that upon the completion of the offering contemplated by this prospectus, we will meet the standards for listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Act of 2012, as amended, and, as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this prospectus and future filings.

An investment in our securities is highly speculative, involves a high degree of risk and should be considered only by persons who can afford the loss of their entire investment. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 8 of this prospectus.

The underwriters expect to deliver the common shares against payment in U.S. dollars on or about [_], 2018.

THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus we may authorize to be delivered or made available to you. Neither we, nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with different information. The information in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, or any free writing prospectus, as the case may be, or any sale of common shares in our company.

For investors outside the United States: Neither we, nor the underwriters have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the common shares and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights information that we present more fully in the rest of this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before buying common shares in this offering. This summary contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements about our plans, objectives, expectations, assumptions or future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “we believe,” “we intend,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “could,” and similar expressions denoting uncertainty or an action that may, will or is expected to occur in the future. These statements involve estimates, assumptions, known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the “Risk Factors” section and the financial statements and the notes to those statements.

Our Company

MMTEC, INC. (“MMTEC”) was founded on January 4, 2018 under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (the “BVI”). Our main operations are conducted through and by the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) based operating entity, Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (“Gujia”), based in Beijing, China. On April 20, 2018, we incorporated MM Fund Services Limited (“MM Fund”) for the purpose of providing administration services to the private equity funds industry. On May 28, 2018 and August 8, 2018, we incorporated MM Capital Management Limited (“MM Capital”) and MM Fund SPC (“MM SPC”), respectively, for the purpose of providing assets management and investment services to clients. In addition, our company holds 24.9% of the outstanding securities of MMBD Trading Ltd., a BVI company limited by shares, which owns 100% of a US-registered broker-dealer, MM iGlobal, Inc. (“MM Global”), located in New York, NY. We have developed and deployed a series of platforms which comprise a business chain that enables PRC-based hedge funds, mutual funds, registered investment advisors, proprietary trading groups, and brokerage firms to engage in securities market transactions and settlements globally.

We conduct our business through and based on distinct yet integrated business systems designed to provide support for our (i) Securities Dealers Trading System (securities registration and clearing, account management, risk management, quick trading and execution, and third party access middleware), (ii) Private Fund Investment Management System (multi-account management, fund valuation, risk management, quantitative trading access, liquidation and requisition management) and (iii) Mobile Transaction Individual Client System and PC Client System (Apple IOS, Android, PC, Web). We assist PRC-based financial institutions taking part in the overseas securities trading markets by providing them comprehensive Internet-based securities solutions. These PRC financial institutions, along with Hong Kong broker-dealer customers, may “white label” our trading interface (i.e., put their logos on it, make our trading interface available to their customers without referencing our name, as if it was developed by them in-house), or they can select from among our modular functionalities, such as order routing, trade reporting or clearing on specific products or exchanges where they may not have up-to-date technology to offer their customers a comprehensive range of services and products. We also help PRC-based hedge funds, mutual funds, proprietary trading groups to speed up their integration into the overseas market and offer them additional services, such as fund establishment, issuance, custody, transaction and settlement.

Securities Dealers Trading Support System

The Electric Trading Network Counter Management System (“ETN”) supports our institutional customers. The system consists of the following modules:

	●	Our account management system provides customers with a highly adaptable multi-account management system that systematically manages multiple accounts, realizes simultaneous transactions among the accounts and guarantees efficiency and fairness in transaction.

	●	Our risk control system conducts comprehensive monitoring in the transaction execution process from initial position, decision-making to execution by setting the warning line and open line. It evaluates dynamic control of risks presented by scanning all asset units every 30 minutes. The system provides one-click opening and one-click query functions to facilitate operations by the risk control personnel, so that risks are controlled in a more timely and efficient manner. It supports multi-dimensional risk control and eliminates the transaction of highly risky stocks by setting a stock pool in which such stocks are stored.

	●	Our fast transaction system features one-click booking, fast transaction and combined booking to rapidly and efficiently integrate the centralized transaction system to ensure efficiency and accuracy of transactions.

Private Fund Investment Management System

The Private Fund Trading Network Management System (“PTN”) supports our institutional customers. The system consists of the following modules:

	●	Our account management system sets up account management functions such as risk control, clearing, accounting, reporting, and trading, etc. for fund operating and investment.

	●	Our fund valuation system provides a package of valuation services, including valuation validation, investment monitoring, and information disclosure, with general and grouped valuation options provided to the user depending on the need.

	●	Our fund risk management platform provides all-round risk control management for the user in the whole process from transaction, compliance to risk control on three dimensions: transaction risk control, process risk control and risk control setting.

	●	Our quantitative transaction access provides the user with efficient and fast quantitative transaction access modes, including the standardized API and customized H5, SDK, APP, PC, etc. to realize rapid development and operation.

Mobile Transaction Individual Client System and PC Client System

Following our internal research and development efforts and upgrades, we have established a transaction-and-social mobile application for our broker-dealer customers, and an efficient and fast transaction-only PC client system for their individual investor customers. This system provides end users with real time all-market information (bid/ask price, volume, breaking news, etc.) access through dedicated cross-border lines. We utilize the Sino-US dedicated cross-border lines to provide end users with high-speed and stable market data, help them to apply for market licenses, and provide them with integrated market information-related solutions for which such users may choose to pay monthly or yearly. We also provide end users free testing and debugging services.

Industry and Market Background

According to June 2016 research report released by BCG, the percentage of wealth of Chinese residents held in overseas assets is much lower than that of residents in other countries. However, with an increased rate of globalization of private wealth, it is estimated that this percentage will double from 4.8% to around 9.4% by 2020; the new market is estimated at approximately RMB 13 trillion. In addition, there are several noteworthy industry wide trends:

	●	Chinese investors’ demand for securities investment is growing rapidly. According to the data from Securities Association of China, at the end of 2017, the total assets of China’s 131 securities companies were RMB 6.14 trillion, and their net equities were RMB 1.85 trillion. Compared with the data at the end of 2011, total assets increased by 291%, and net equities increased by 194%.

	●	Chinese investors’ assets available for investments are growing at a high rate. Such assets have increased from RMB 2.3 trillion in 2007 to over RMB 14 trillion in 2018. In 2006, 70% of China’s personal investible assets were invested in cash and deposits. Of the remaining 30%, nearly half was invested in real estate, and only a small amount of investible assets was invested in the capital markets. By 2017, the percentage of China’s personal investible assets invested in cash and deposits had fallen to 41%, while the percentage of assets invested in financial markets had risen significantly to 35%.

There are two main channels which can currently be utilized by Chinese investors to invest in the U.S. securities markets:

Investing from the PRC:

	●	*Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor (“QDII”)*: this status allows domestic investors to invest in publicly trading securities on foreign securities markets (excluding venture capital and private equity funds securities) via certain fund management institutions, insurance companies, securities companies and other assets management institutions which have been approved by China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”). These entities, in turn, offer investment opportunities to individual investors to invest in overseas stocks and fixed return securities.

	●	*Qualified Domestic Limited Partner*: this status allows qualified domestic limited partners to invest in overseas private funds and private equities. Only a few companies have obtained this status to date.

	●	*Qualified Domestic Investment Enterprise*: this platform allows mainland PRC investors to tap into a wider variety of foreign asset classes compared to the QDII by accessing offshore private equity, hedge funds and real assets, in addition to listed equities and debt securities that are already covered by the existing QDII. This platform is generally viewed as broad in scope, administration and lacking regulatory clarity.

	●	*Outbound Direct Investment* Chinese companies headquartered in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone may conduct almost all equity investments via this platform as it is not subject to any investment quotas. However, this platform is ill-suited for small scale operations as it only contemplates investments by institutional/corporate investors, not individuals.

	●	*Qualified Domestic Individual Investor* is a new investment channel promoted by the Chinese government. It is expected to give PRC based individual investors who have at least RMB1 million of net assets more freedom to invest their money in overseas assets. It is expected that the PRC investors will be able to put money directly into overseas shares, bonds, mutual funds, insurance products, financial derivatives and property through this initiative. It is also expected to allow them to make direct investments in companies through mergers and acquisitions. No official date has been given for the launch of the scheme as of yet.

Investing from outside of the PRC:

Many Chinese investors already have their money in bank accounts outside China (for example, in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, U.S., or other countries). These investors may invest these funds in any investment. We beleive that these investors will benefit from a trading platform and service based in Mandarin.

Our Strategies

Our key market strategies are as follows:

●

Minimize technical barriers to securities trading – We aim to bring first class technology solutions to traditional small to medium-sized introducing brokers who normally lack the know-how knowledge in setting up online trading platform, and to lower the participating threshold of online financial service companies who want to expand their traditional line of businesses to the securities trading business.

	●	*Utilize cloud computing technologies* - We help small- to medium-sized hedge funds, mutual funds, proprietary trading groups, and introducing brokers build their trading system on the cloud. We focus on providing backstage support for our institutional clients, and develop more technical and innovative financial product for them.

	●	*Support PRC portfolio managers to participate in overseas markets* – By providing a complete suite of turnkey solutions, we help PRC portfolio managers establish their hedge funds and trading accounts while minimizing expense.

Our Competitive Strengths

As more Chinese investors trade the U.S. and Hong Kong stock markets, the demand for trading navigation systems in Chinese increases which, in turn, creates additional pressure on traditional online trading systems. We distinguish ourselves from our competitors:

	●	*Utilize our technological advantages and to offer one-stop securities dealers solutions*. We strive to make overseas investment transactions more convenient and lower the threshold of global investment transactions, making it easier for Chinese investors to participate in global investment. We also provide a smoother user trading experience for Chinese customers, offering more localized trading experience, and easier invest in overseas markets.

	●	*Provide more localized private fund services and more financial products support*. We rely on MM Fund Services Limited and our PTN system’s support to provide a more localized private fund administration service to our clients.

	●	*Reduce the technical access threshold of the securities industry*. We rely on cloud technology to help more brokerage firms minimize the costs of technology access. We adhere to an open technical environment and provide an open platform to all users who wish to access overseas investment transactions. We also provide customized product service for users.

	●	*Offering localized, 24/7 full Chinese language customer service*. From trading to technology support, we strive to create a more user friendly environment for our customers.

Risks and Challenges

Our prospects should be considered in light of the risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by similar companies. Our ability to realize our business objectives and execute our strategies is subject to risks and uncertainties, including, among others, the following:

	●	Ability to attract and retain highly skilled personnel,

	●	Ability to identify and capitalize on new market opportunities,

	●	Difficult market conditions, economic conditions and geopolitical uncertainties,

	●	Significant regulation in our industry,

	●	Changes in regulatory environment affecting our operations,

	●	Risks inherent in doing business in the international markets,

	●	Ability to obtain additional financing, if needed, on terms that are acceptable,

	●	Technology failures while developing and enhancing our software,

	●	Seasonality of the financial markets in which we operate,

	●	Vulnerability to security risk,

	●	Market fluctuations and other economic factors, and

	●	Lack of liquidity or access to capital.

In addition, we face other risks and uncertainties that may materially affect our business prospect, financial condition, and results of operations. You should consider the risks discussed in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus before investing in our common shares.

Corporate History and Information; Corporate Structure

The following is a chronology and a list of few key milestones in our development and expansion:

	●	June 2015 - We established our company.

	●	August 2015 - We launched our mobile client system.

	●	October 2015 - We opened our Shanghai Branch and Technical Research and Development Center.

	●	December 2015 - We trial launched our ETN Counter Business System.

	●	August 2016 - We launched our PTN Private Fund Investment Management System.

	●	October 2016 - Together with People.cn, we sponsored The Summit Forum on China Concept Stock Revitalization, with nearly 30 China Concept Stock companies and 20 other institutions attending the event.

	●	December 2016 - We deployed the 4th version of the ETN Investment Management System.

The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure as of the date of this prospectus:

Our principal executive office is located at Room 608A, Air China Century Building, 40 Xiaoyun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020 China. Our telephone number is +86 010 5617 2312. Our website is as follows http://www.51mm.com. The information on our website is not part of this prospectus.

Emerging Growth Company Status

As a company with less than $1.07 billion in revenue during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or JOBS Act, enacted in April 2012, and may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to public companies. These provisions include, but are not limited to:

	●	being permitted to present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our SEC filings,

	●	not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act,

	●	reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports, proxy statements and registration statements, and

	●	exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

We may take advantage of these provisions until the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of our common equity securities pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). However, if certain events occur before the end of such five-year period, including if we become a “large accelerated filer,” our annual gross revenues exceed $1.07 billion or we issue more than $1.00 billion of non-convertible debt in any three-year period, we will cease to be an emerging growth company before the end of such five-year period.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards and acknowledge such election is irrevocable pursuant to Section 107 of the JOBS Act.

Foreign Private Issuer Status

We are incorporated in the BVI, and more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities are not directly or indirectly held by residents of the United States. Therefore, we are a “foreign private issuer,” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act and Rule 3b-4(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). As a result, we are not subject to the same requirements as U.S. domestic issuers. Under the Exchange Act, we will be subject to reporting obligations that, to some extent, are more lenient and less frequent than those of U.S. domestic reporting companies. For example, we will not be required to issue quarterly reports or proxy statements. We will not be required to disclose detailed individual executive compensation information. Furthermore, our directors and executive officers will not be required to report equity holdings under Section 16 of the Exchange Act and will not be subject to the insider short-swing profit disclosure and recovery regime.

Notes on Prospectus Presentation

Numerical figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, numerical figures shown as totals in various tables may not be arithmetic aggregations of the figures that precede them. Certain market data and other statistical information contained in this prospectus is based on information from independent industry organizations, publications, surveys and forecasts. Some market data and statistical information contained in this prospectus are also based on management’s estimates and calculations, which are derived from our review and interpretation of the independent sources listed above, our internal research and our knowledge of the PRC information technology industry. While we believe such information is reliable, we have not independently verified any third-party information and our internal data has not been verified by any independent source.

For the sake of clarity, this prospectus follows the English naming convention of first name followed by last name, regardless of whether an individual’s name is Chinese or English.

Except where the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this prospectus only:

●

Depending on the context, the terms “we,” “us,” “our company,” and “our” refer to MMTEC, INC., BVI company, and its consolidated subsidiaries:

	●	MM Future Technology Ltd. (“MM Future”), a Hong Kong incorporated limited company.

	●	MM Fund Services Limited (“MM Fund”), a Cayman Islands incorporated limited company.

	●	MM Capital Management Limited (“MM Capital”), a Cayman Islands incorporated limited company.

	●	MM Fund SPC (“MM SPC”), a Cayman Islands incorporated segregated portfolio company.

	●	Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd (“Gujia”), a PRC incorporated limited company.

	●	Meimei Zhengtong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., a PRC incorporated entity (dissolved effective as of June 8, 2018).

	●	“common shares” refer to our common shares, $0.001 par value per share,

	●	“China” and “PRC” refer to the People’s Republic of China, excluding, for the purposes of this prospectus only, Macau, Taiwan and Hong Kong, and

	●	all references to “RMB,” “yuan” and “Renminbi” are to the legal currency of China, and all references to “USD,” “$”, and “U.S. dollars” are to the legal currency of the United States.

Unless otherwise noted, all currency figures in this filing are in U.S. dollars.

This prospectus contains translations of certain RMB amounts into U.S. dollar amounts at a specified rate solely for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise noted, all translations made in this prospectus are based on a rate of RMB 6.6166 to $1.00, which was the exchange rate on June 30, 2018. Unless otherwise stated, we have translated balance sheet amounts, with the exception of equity, at June 30, 2018 at RMB 6.6166 to $1.00, December 31, 2017 at RMB 6.5342 to $1.00, and December 31, 2016 at RMB 6.9370 to $1.00, respectively. We have stated equity accounts at their historical rates. The average translation rates applied to income statement accounts for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were RMB 6.3711 and RMB 6.8697, respectively, and the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were RMB 6.7518 and RMB 6.6423, respectively. We make no representation that the RMB or U.S. dollar amounts referred to in this prospectus could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars or RMB, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all. On October 19, 2018, the exchange rate was RMB 6.9300 to $1.00. Any discrepancies in any table between the amounts identified as total amounts and the sum of the amounts listed therein are due to rounding.

The Offering

Common shares offered		1,800,000 common shares

Over-allotment Option to purchase additional common shares from us		We have granted the underwriters 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional 270,000 shares on the same terms as the other shares being purchased by the underwriters from us.

Common shares outstanding before this offering		18,000,000 common shares.

Common shares outstanding after this offering		19,800,000 common shares.

Use of Proceeds		We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $6.12 million (or approximately $7.18 million if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional common shares from us is exercised in full), based on an assumed initial public offering price of $4.25 per share, which is the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions, non-accountable expense allowance, and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering as follows after we complete the remittance process: ● Approximately $3.13 million for research and development, ● Approximately $1.86 million for sales and marketing, and ● Balance of approximately $1.13 million for additional working capital.

Indemnification Escrow		Approximately $500,000 from the proceeds of this offering will be placed in escrow for indemnity claims of the underwriters, which could be returned to us after two years from the date of this offering. See “Use of Proceeds” for more information.

Lockup Agreements		Our executive officers, directors, and shareholders holding 1% or more of our common shares prior to the offering, collectively, have agreed with the underwriters not to sell, transfer or dispose of any common shares or similar securities for a period of 6 months following the closing of this offering.

NASDAQ Trading symbol		We intend to apply for listing of our common shares on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “MMTC”.

Risk Factors		Investing in these securities involves a high degree of risk. As an investor, you should be able to bear a complete loss of your investment. You should carefully consider the information set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus before deciding to invest in our common shares.

Summary Consolidated Financial Data

The following tables summarize our historical consolidated financial data. We have derived the historical consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We have derived the historical consolidated statements of operations data for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and the historical consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2018 from our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following summary consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future, and our results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full fiscal year.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss Data:

	For the Six Months			For the Six Months			For the Year			For the Year
	Ended			Ended			Ended			Ended
	June 30, 2018			June 30, 2017			December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Revenue	$	-		$	-		$	-		$	-
Operating expenses
Payroll and related benefits		404,644			325,552			702,989			514,465
Other general and administrative		659,601			104,393			215,611			151,563
Total operating expenses		1,064,245			429,945			918,600			666,028
Total other income (expense), net		1,996			745			(598	)		4,823
Income taxes		-			-			-			-
Net loss	$	(1,062,249	)	$	(429,200	)	$	(919,198	)	$	(661,205	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(26,200	)		21,208			39,610			(71,558	)
Comprehensive loss	$	(1,088,449	)	$	(407,992	)	$	(879,588	)	$	(732,763	)
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted	$	(0.02	)	$	(0.01	)	$	(0.02	)	$	(0.01	)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic and diluted		54,000,000			54,000,000			54,000,000			54,000,000

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

	As of June 30, 2018
	Actual		Pro Forma
Cash and cash equivalents	$	811,916	$	6,935,166
Total current assets		975,590		7,098,840
Working capital		829,111		6,952,361
Total non-current assets		73,743		73,743
Total assets		1,049,333		7,172,583
Total current liabilities		146,479		146,479
Total liabilities		146,479		146,479
Total shareholders’ equity		902,854		7,026,104
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	1,049,333	$	7,172,583

The pro forma column in the consolidated balance sheet data table above reflects our sale of 1,800,000 common shares in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $4.25 per share, the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions, non-accountable expense allowance, and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

Subsequent Events

On March 23, 2018, we issued 8,980,000 common shares at $0.18 per share to eight individuals and four companies for total cash proceeds of $1,616,400. On May 23, 2018, we issued 45,000,000 common shares at $0.001 per share to the same 12 shareholders for total cash proceeds of $45,000. On August 7, 2018, our Board of Directors approved the repurchase of 36,000,000 of our shares from the foregoing 14 shareholders in a privately negotiated transaction at an aggregate price of $36,000.

Investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below together with all of the other information included in this prospectus before making an investment decision. The risks and uncertainties described below represent our known material risks to our business. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. In that case, you may lose all or part of your investment. You should not invest in this offering unless you can afford to lose your entire investment.

We have incurred substantial losses in recent periods and may incur losses in the future.

We have incurred substantial losses in several recent periods as we have sought to quickly expand our operations. We recorded net losses of $1,062,249 and $919,198 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017, respectively. We may incur losses in future periods. If our future revenues do not increase sufficiently, or even if our future revenues increase but we are unable to manage our expenses, we may not achieve and maintain profitability in the future periods.

Our ability to protect the confidential information of our users may be adversely affected by cyber-attacks, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or similar disruptions.

Our platform processes certain personal and other sensitive data from our users, which makes it an attractive target and potentially vulnerable to cyber-attacks, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or similar disruptions. While we have taken steps to protect the confidential information that we have access to, our security measures could be breached. Because techniques used to sabotage or obtain unauthorized access to systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until they are launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Any accidental or willful security breaches or other unauthorized access to our platform could cause confidential user information to be stolen and used for criminal purposes. Security breaches or unauthorized access to confidential information could also expose us to liability related to the loss of the information, time-consuming and expensive litigation and negative publicity. If security measures are breached because of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, or if design flaws in our technology infrastructure are exposed and exploited, our relationships with borrowers and investors could be severely damaged, we could incur significant liability and our business and operations could be adversely affected. In addition, we expect the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks to be a critical element of our operations. Our networks, those of our third-party service vendors, and associated clearing corporations, and our customers may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses and other security problems. Persons who circumvent security measures could wrongfully use our information or cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations, which could make our customers hesitant to use our electronic marketplaces. We may be required to expend significant resources to protect against the threat of security breaches or to alleviate problems, including reputational harm and litigation, caused by any breaches.

We may pursue strategic alliances, acquisitions or joint ventures, which could present unforeseen integration obstacles.

These acquisitions may be necessary in order for us to enter into or develop new product areas. Strategic alliances, acquisitions, joint ventures involve a number of risks and present financial, managerial and operational challenges, including:

As a result of these risks and challenges, we may not realize any anticipated benefits from strategic alliances, acquisitions or joint ventures, and such strategic alliances, acquisitions or joint ventures may in fact materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we are unable to continue to identify and exploit new market opportunities, our future revenues may decline and as a result our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

As more participants enter our markets, the resulting competition often leads to lower commissions. This may result in a decrease in future revenues in a particular market even if the volume of trades we handle in that market increases. We may not be able to attract new customers or successfully enter new markets. If we are unable to continue to identify and exploit new market opportunities on a timely and cost-effective basis, our future revenues may decline and as a result our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Our ability to retain our key employees and the ability of certain key employees to devote adequate time to us is critical to the success of our business, and failure to do so may adversely affect our future revenues and as a result could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our people are our most important resource and our success depends on the efforts and talent of our employees, including risk management, software engineering, financial and marketing personnel. We must retain the services of our key employees and strategically recruit and hire new talented employees to obtain customer transactions that generate substantially all our revenues. If any of our key employees, including Xiangdong Wen, Zhen Fan, and Min Kong, were to join an existing competitor, form a competing company, or otherwise leave us, some of our customers could choose to use the services of that competitor or another competitor instead of our services, which could adversely affect our future revenues and as a result could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our future success depends on our continued ability to attract, develop, motivate and retain qualified and skilled employees. Competition for highly skilled technical, risk management and financial personnel is extremely intense. We may not be able to hire and retain these personnel at compensation levels consistent with our existing compensation and salary structure. Some of the companies with which we compete for experienced employees have greater resources than we have and may be able to offer more attractive terms of employment. In addition, we invest significant time and expenses in training our employees, which increases their value to competitors who may seek to recruit them. If we fail to retain our employees, we could incur significant expenses in hiring and training their replacements, and the quality of our services and our ability to serve borrowers and investors could diminish, resulting in a material adverse effect to our business.

Difficult market conditions, economic conditions and geopolitical uncertainties could adversely affect our business in many ways by negatively impacting our future revenues in the financial markets in which we offer services, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Difficult market conditions, economic conditions and geopolitical uncertainties have in the past adversely affected and may in the future adversely affect our business and profitability. Our business and financial services industry in general are directly affected by national and international economic and political conditions, broad trends in business and finance, the level and volatility of interest rates, changes in and uncertainty regarding tax laws and substantial fluctuations in the volume and price levels of securities transactions. The financial markets and the global financial services business are, by their nature, risky and volatile and are directly affected by many national and international factors that are beyond our control. Any one of these factors may cause a substantial decline in the U.S. and global financial services markets, resulting in reduced trading volume. These events could have a material adverse effect on our results and profitability. These factors include:

In addition, any prolonged slowdown in the Chinese or global economy may have a negative impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Economic conditions in China are sensitive to global economic conditions. The global financial markets have experienced significant disruptions since 2008 and the United States, Europe and other economies have experienced periods of recession. The recovery from the lows of 2008 and 2009 has been uneven and there are new challenges, including the escalation of the European sovereign debt crisis from 2011 and the slowdown of China’s economic growth since 2012 which may continue. There is considerable uncertainty over the long-term effects of the expansionary monetary and fiscal policies adopted by the central banks and financial authorities of some of the world’s leading economies, including the United States and China. There have also been concerns about the economic effect of the tensions in the relationship between China and surrounding Asian countries. Adverse economic conditions could have negative adverse effects on our business and financial conditions. Additionally, continued turbulence in the international markets may adversely affect our ability to access the capital markets to meet liquidity needs.

Employee misconduct or error could harm us by impairing our ability to attract and retain customers and subjecting us to significant legal liability and reputational harm; moreover, this type of misconduct is difficult to detect and deter and error is difficult to prevent.

Employee misconduct or error could subject us to financial losses and regulatory sanctions and could seriously harm our reputation and negatively affect our business. It is not always possible to deter employee misconduct, and the precautions taken to prevent and detect employee misconduct may not always be effective. Misconduct by employees could include engaging in improper or unauthorized transactions or activities, failing to properly supervise other employees, or improperly using confidential information. Employee errors, including mistakes in executing, recording or processing transactions for customers, could cause us to enter into transactions that customers may disavow and refuse to settle, which could expose us to the risk of material losses even if the errors are detected and the transactions are unwound or reversed. If our customers are not able to settle their transactions on a timely basis, the time in which employee errors are detected may be increased and our risk of material loss could be increased. The risk of employee error or miscommunication may be greater for products that are new or have non-standardized terms. It is not always possible to deter employee misconduct or error, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in all cases.

We are generally subject to risks inherent in doing business in the financial markets, and any failure to develop effective compliance and reporting systems could result in regulatory penalties in the applicable jurisdiction and our business could be adversely affected.

There are certain additional political, economic, legal, regulatory, operational and other risks inherent in doing business in international financial markets. These risks include:

In many countries, the laws and regulations applicable to the securities and financial services industries are uncertain and evolving, and it may be difficult for us to determine the exact requirements of local laws in every market. Our inability to remain in compliance with local laws and regulations in a particular foreign market could have a significant and negative effect not only on our businesses in that market but also on our reputation generally. If we are unable to manage any of these risks effectively, our business could be adversely affected.

If the value of the U.S. dollar against RMB in which we pay expenses continues to decline or if the value of the U.S. dollar against RMB in which we earn revenues improves dramatically, our financial results could suffer.

Significant exchange rate fluctuations can impact our results. Significant movements in the U.S. dollar against RMB, in which we pay expenses or earn profits may have an adverse effect on our financial results. Potential movements in the U.S. dollar against RMB in which we earn revenues could also adversely affect our financial results.

We may not be able to obtain additional financing, if needed, on terms that are acceptable, which could prevent us from developing or enhancing our business, taking advantage of future opportunities or responding to competitive pressure or unanticipated requirements.

Our business is dependent upon the availability of adequate funding and sufficient capital. If for any reason we need to raise additional funds, we may not be able to obtain additional financing when needed. If we cannot raise additional funds on acceptable terms, we may not be able to develop or enhance our business, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressure or unanticipated requirements.

We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights or may be prevented from using intellectual property necessary for our business.

Our success is dependent, in part, upon our intellectual property. We generally rely primarily on trade secret, contract, copyright and trademark law to establish and protect our rights to our proprietary technology, methods and products. It is possible that third parties may copy or otherwise obtain and use our proprietary technology without authorization or otherwise infringe on our rights. We cannot assure you that any of the rights granted under any patent, copyright or trademark that we may obtain will protect our competitive advantages. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries may not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws in the U.S. We may also face claims of infringement that could interfere with our ability to use technology that is material to our business operations. This may limit the comprehensiveness and quality of the data we are able to distribute or sell. In the future, we may have to rely on litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, protect our trade secrets, determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others or defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Any such claims or litigation, whether successful or unsuccessful, could result in substantial costs and the diversion of resources and the attention of management, any of which could negatively affect our business. Responding to these claims could also require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements with the third parties claiming infringement. Such royalty or licensing agreements, if available, may not be available on terms acceptable to us.

We may experience technology failures while developing and enhancing our software.

In order to maintain our competitive advantage, our software is under continuous development. There is risk that software failures may occur and result in service interruptions and have other unintended consequences, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our operations depend on the performance of the Internet infrastructure and fixed telecommunications networks in China.

Almost all access to the Internet in China is maintained through state-owned telecommunication operators under the administrative control and regulatory supervision of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, or the MIIT. We primarily rely on a limited number of telecommunication service providers to provide us with data communications capacity through local telecommunications lines and Internet data centers to host our servers. We have limited access to alternative networks or services in the event of disruptions, failures or other problems with China’s Internet infrastructure or the fixed telecommunications networks provided by telecommunication service providers. With the expansion of our business, we may be required to upgrade our technology and infrastructure to keep up with the increasing traffic on our platform. We cannot assure you that the Internet infrastructure and the fixed telecommunications networks in China will be able to support the demands associated with the continued growth in Internet usage. In addition, we have no control over the costs of the services provided by telecommunication service providers. If the prices we pay for telecommunications and Internet services rise significantly, our results of operations may be adversely affected. Furthermore, if Internet access fees or other charges to Internet users increase, our user traffic may decline, and our business may be harmed.

Any significant disruption in service on our platform or in our computer systems, including events beyond our control, could prevent us from processing or posting transactions on our platform, reduce the attractiveness of our platform and result in a loss of borrowers or investors.

In the event of a platform outage and physical data loss, our ability to perform our servicing obligations, process applications or make trades available on our platform would be materially and adversely affected. The satisfactory performance, reliability and availability of our platform and our underlying network infrastructure are critical to our operations, customer service, reputation and our ability to retain existing and attract new borrowers and investors. Our operations depend on our ability to protect our systems against damage or interruption from natural disasters, power or telecommunications failures, air quality issues, environmental conditions, computer viruses or attempts to harm our systems, criminal acts and similar events. If there is a lapse in service or damage to our facilities, we could experience interruptions in our service as well as delays and additional expense in arranging new facilities. Any interruptions or delays in our service, whether as a result of third-party error, our error, natural disasters or security breaches, whether accidental or willful, could harm our relationships with our borrowers and investors and our reputation. Additionally, in the event of damage or interruption, our insurance policies may not adequately compensate us for any losses that we may incur.

Our platform and internal systems rely on software that is highly technical, and if it contains undetected errors, our business could be adversely affected.

Our platform and internal systems rely on software that is highly technical and complex. In addition, our platform and internal systems depend on the ability of such software to store, retrieve, process and manage immense amounts of data. The software on which we rely has contained, and may now or in the future contain, undetected errors or bugs. Some errors may only be discovered after the code has been released for external or internal use. Errors or other design defects within the software on which we rely may result in a negative experience for our users, delay introductions of new features or enhancements, result in errors or compromise our ability to protect user data or our intellectual property. Any errors, bugs or defects discovered in the software on which we rely could result in harm to our reputation, loss of user or liability for damages, any of which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial conditions.

The financial markets in which we operate are generally affected by seasonality which could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance in a given period.

Traditionally, the financial markets around the world experience lower volume during the summer and at the end of the year due to a general slowdown in the business environment and, therefore, our transaction volume levels may decrease during those periods. The timing of the holidays also affects transaction volume. These factors could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance in a given period.

We operate in a rapidly evolving business environment. If we are unable to adapt our business effectively to keep pace with these changes, our ability to succeed will be adversely affected, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The pace of change in our industry is extremely rapid. Operating in such a rapidly changing business environment involves a high degree of risk. Our ability to succeed will depend on our ability to adapt effectively to these changing market conditions. If we are unable to keep up with rapid technological changes, we may not be able to compete effectively. To remain competitive, we must continue to enhance and improve the responsiveness, functionality, accessibility and features of our proprietary software, network distribution systems and technologies. Our business environment is characterized by rapid technological changes, changes in use and customer requirements and preferences, frequent product and service introductions embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards and practices that could render our existing proprietary technology and systems obsolete. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to:

We cannot assure you that we will be able to respond in a timely manner to changing market conditions or customer requirements. The development of proprietary electronic trading technology entails significant technical, financial and business risks. Further, the adoption of new Internet, networking or telecommunications technologies may require us to devote substantial resources to modify, adapt and defend our technology. We cannot assure you that we will successfully implement new technologies or adapt our proprietary technology and transaction-processing systems to customer requirements or emerging industry standards, or that we will be able to successfully defend any challenges to any technology we develop. Any failure on our part to anticipate or respond adequately to technological advancements, customer requirements or changing industry standards, or any significant delays in the development, introduction or availability of new services, products or enhancements, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Lack of liquidity or access to capital could impair our business and financial condition.

Liquidity, or ready access to funds, is essential to our business. We expend significant resources investing in our business, particularly with respect to our technology and service platforms. As a result, reduced levels of liquidity could have a significant negative effect on us. Some potential conditions that could negatively affect our liquidity include:

The capital and credit markets continue to experience varying degrees of volatility and disruption. In some cases, the markets have exerted downward pressure on availability of liquidity and credit capacity for businesses similar to ours. Without sufficient liquidity, we could be required to limit or curtail our operations or growth plans, and our business would suffer. Notwithstanding the self-funding nature of our operations, we may sometimes be required to fund timing differences arising from the delayed receipt of client funds associated with the settlement of client transactions in securities markets. These timing differences are funded either with internally generated cash flow or, if needed, with funds drawn under our revolving credit facility. We may also need access to capital in connection with the growth of our business, through acquisitions or otherwise. In the event current resources are insufficient to satisfy our needs, we may need to rely on financing sources such as bank debt. The availability of additional financing will depend on a variety of factors such as:

Disruptions, uncertainty or volatility in the capital and credit markets may also limit our access to capital required to operate our business. Such market conditions may limit our ability to satisfy statutory capital requirements, generate commission, fee and other market-related revenue to meet liquidity needs and access the capital necessary to grow our business. As such, we may be forced to delay raising capital, issue different types of capital than we would otherwise, less effectively deploy such capital, or bear an unattractive cost of capital, which could decrease our profitability and significantly reduce our financial flexibility.

Our business could be materially adversely affected as a result of the risks associated with acquisitions and investments.

We may pursue further acquisitions and investments in the future. These transactions are accompanied by risks. For instance, an acquisition could have a negative effect on our financial and strategic position and reputation or the acquired business could fail to further our strategic goals. Moreover, we may not be able to successfully integrate acquired businesses into ours, and therefore we may not be able to realize the intended benefits from an acquisition. We may have a lack of experience in new markets, products or technologies brought on by the acquisition and we may have an initial dependence on unfamiliar supply or distribution partners. An acquisition may create an impairment of relationships with customers or suppliers of the acquired business or our advisors or suppliers. All of these and other potential risks may serve as a diversion of our management’s attention from other business concerns, and any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We operate in an intensely competitive industry, which could cause us to lose advisors and their assets.

Many of our competitors have substantially greater resources than we do and may offer a broader range of products and services across more markets. Some operate in a different regulatory environment than we do, which may give them certain competitive advantages in the services they offer. For example, certain of our competitors only provide clearing services and consequently would not have any supervision or oversight liability relating to actions of their financial advisors. We believe that competition within our industry will intensify as a result of consolidation and acquisition activity and because new competitors face few barriers to entry, which could adversely affect our ability to recruit new advisors and retain existing advisors. If current or potential clients decide to use our competitors, we could face a significant decline in market share, future fee revenues and future net income.

We may be subject to intellectual property infringement claims, which may be expensive to defend and may disrupt our business and operations.

We cannot be certain that our operations or any aspects of our business do not or will not infringe upon or otherwise violate trademarks, patents, copyrights, know-how or other intellectual property rights held by third parties. We may be from time to time in the future subject to legal proceedings and claims relating to the intellectual property rights of others. In addition, there may be third-party trademarks, patents, copyrights, know-how or other intellectual property rights that are infringed by our products, services or other aspects of our business without our awareness. Holders of such intellectual property rights may seek to enforce such intellectual property rights against us in China, the United States or other jurisdictions. If any third-party infringement claims are brought against us, we may be forced to divert management’s time and other resources from our business and operations to defend against these claims, regardless of their merits. Additionally, the application and interpretation of China’s intellectual property right laws and the procedures and standards for granting trademarks, patents, copyrights, know-how or other intellectual property rights in China are still evolving and are uncertain, and we cannot assure you that PRC courts or regulatory authorities would agree with our analysis. If we were found to have violated the intellectual property rights of others, we may be subject to liability for our infringement activities or may be prohibited from using such intellectual property, and we may incur licensing fees or be forced to develop alternatives of our own. As a result, our business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

Increases in labor costs in the PRC may adversely affect our business and results of operations.

The economy in China has experienced increases in inflation and labor costs in recent years. As a result, average wages in the PRC are expected to continue to increase. In addition, we are required by PRC laws and regulations to pay various statutory employee benefits, including pension, housing fund, medical insurance, work-related injury insurance, unemployment insurance and maternity insurance to designated government agencies for the benefit of our employees. The relevant government agencies may examine whether an employer has made adequate payments to the statutory employee benefits, and those employers who fail to make adequate payments may be subject to late payment fees, fines and/or other penalties. We expect that our labor costs, including wages and employee benefits, will continue to increase. Unless we are able to control our labor costs or pass on these increased labor costs to our users by increasing the fees of our services, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

The laws and regulations governing the financial industry in China are developing and evolving rapidly. If any of our business practices is deemed to violate any PRC laws or regulations, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.

Due to the relatively short history of the finance industry in China, the PRC government has yet to establish a comprehensive regulatory framework governing our industry. To comply with existing laws, regulations, rules and governmental policies relating to the online finance industry, we have implemented various policies and procedures to conduct our business and operations. However, due to the lack of detailed rules and the fact that the relevant laws, regulations and rules are expected to continue to evolve, we cannot be certain that our existing practices would not be deemed to violate any existing or future rules, laws and regulations. As of the date of this prospectus, we have never been subject to any material fines or other penalties under any PRC laws or regulations, including those governing our industry in China. However, to the extent that we are not able to fully comply with any existing or new regulations when they are promulgated, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. We are unable to predict with certainty the impact, if any, that future legislation, judicial precedents or regulations relating to the online consumer finance industry will have on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, the growth in the popularity of online consumer finance increases the likelihood that the PRC government will seek to further regulate this industry.

Our operations may be adversely affected by international communication failures, which may affect trade executions and data updates.

Any significant disruption in service on our platforms, our computer systems or third-party service providers’ systems, including events beyond our control, could reduce the attractiveness of our platforms and result in a loss of customers or investors. In the event of a platform outage and physical data loss, our ability to perform our servicing obligations, and process loan applications would be materially and adversely affected. The satisfactory performance, reliability and availability of our platforms and our underlying network infrastructure are critical to our operations, customer service, reputation, and ability to retain existing and attract new customers, investors and institutional funding partners. Our operations depend on our ability to protect our systems against damage or interruption from natural disasters, power or telecommunications failures, air quality issues, environmental conditions, computer viruses, or attempts to harm our systems, criminal acts and similar events. Any interruptions or delays in our service, whether as a result of third-party or our error, natural disasters or security breaches, whether accidental or willful, could harm our relationships with our customers, investors and institutional funding partners and our reputation. Our disaster recovery plan has not been tested under actual disaster conditions, and we may not have sufficient capacity to recover all data and services in the event of an outage. These factors could prevent us from processing loans, damage our brand and reputation, divert our employees’ attention, subject us to liability and cause customers, investors and institutional funding partners to abandon our platforms, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our platforms and internal systems rely on software that is highly technical, and if it contains undetected errors, our business could be adversely affected.

Our platforms and internal systems rely on software that is highly technical and complex. In addition, our platform and internal systems depend on the ability of such software to store, retrieve, process and manage immense amounts of data. The software on which we rely has contained, and may now or in the future contain, undetected errors or bugs. Errors or other design defects within the software on which we rely may result in a negative experience for customers and funding sources, delay introductions of new features or enhancements, result in errors or compromise our ability to protect customer or investor data or our intellectual property. Any errors, bugs or defects discovered in the software on which we rely could result in harm to our reputation, loss of customers or investors or liability for damages, any of which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Uncertainties relating to the growth and profitability of the e-commerce industry in China could adversely affect our operating revenue and business prospects.

Our future results of operations will depend on numerous factors affecting the development of the e-commerce industry in China, which may be beyond our control. These factors include:

Unfavorable developments in domestic and international politics, including military conflicts, political turmoil and social instability, may also adversely affect investor confidence and reduce investments, which could in turn materially and adversely affect our growth and profitability.

Any negative publicity or investor complaints with respect to us, investor and our service providers may materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

The reputation of our brands is critical to our business and competitiveness. Any malicious or negative publicity or any publicized incidents in connection with the use of our services, whether or not we are negligent or at fault, including but not limited to those relating to our management, business, compliance with the law, financial conditions or prospects, whether with or without merit, could severely compromise our reputation and harm our business and operating results.

As China’s online investing industry is new and the regulatory framework for this industry is also evolving, negative publicity about this industry and the market segment in which we operate may arise from time to time. Negative publicity about China’s online investing industry in general may also have a negative impact on our reputation, regardless of whether or not we have engaged in any inappropriate activities. The PRC government has recently instituted specific rules, including the Guidelines, Interim Measures and the CBRC Circular 26, to develop a more transparent regulatory environment for the online consumer finance industry. Any players in China’s online consumer finance industry who are not in compliance with these regulations may adversely impact the reputation of the industry as a whole. Furthermore, any negative development or perception of the consumer finance industry as a whole, including campus lending, even if factually incorrect or based on isolated incidents or as result of conduct by other market players, could compromise our image, undermine our trust and credibility, and negatively impact our ability to attract new customers, investors and institutional funding partners. Negative developments in the consumer finance industry, such as widespread customer defaults, fraudulent behavior, the closure of other online consumer finance platforms, or incidents indirectly resulting from the accumulation of large amounts of debt and inability to repay by any particular customer, may also lead to tightened regulatory scrutiny of the sector and limit the scope of permissible business activities that may be conducted by market players in the consumer finance industry. For instance, since 2015, there has been a number of reports of business failures of, or accusations of fraud and unfair dealing against, certain companies in the consumer finance industry in China. If customers, investors or institutional funding partners associate our company with these companies, they may be less willing to engage in borrowing or funding activities on our platform. If any of the foregoing takes place, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our business is dependent on our ability to maintain relationships with our business partners and other third parties, and at the same time, we are subject to risks associated with our business partners and other third parties.

We currently rely on a number of business partners and other third parties in various aspects of our business. In addition, we cooperate with a number of business partners and other third parties to deliver our services to our customers. Furthermore, if third-party service providers fail to function properly, we cannot assure you that we would be able to find an alternative in a timely and cost-efficient manner, or at all. Pursuing, establishing and maintaining relationships with business partners and other third parties, as well as integrating their data and services with our system, require significant time and resources.

The smooth operation of our business also depends on the compliance by our business partners and other third parties with applicable laws and regulations. Any negative publicity about business partners and other third parties, such as negative publicity about their loan collection practices and any failure by them to adequately protect the information of our customers and investors, to comply with applicable laws and regulations or to otherwise meet required quality and service standards, could harm our reputation. If any of the foregoing were to occur, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Our reputation is associated with these business partners and other third parties, and if any of the foregoing were to occur, our reputation may suffer.

Any lack of requisite approvals, licenses or permits applicable to our business may have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business is subject to governmental supervision and regulation by the relevant PRC governmental authorities. Together, these government authorities promulgate and enforce regulations that cover many aspects of the operation of the online retail and the online finance industries. The PRC government extensively regulates the Internet industry. As a result, in certain circumstances it may be difficult to determine what actions or omissions may be deemed to be in violation of applicable laws and regulations.

We have made efforts to obtain all the applicable licenses and permits. We cannot assure you that we have obtained all the permits or licenses required for conducting our business in China or will be able to maintain our existing licenses or obtain new ones. If the PRC government determines that we are operating without the proper approvals, licenses or permits or promulgates new laws and regulations that require additional approvals or licenses or imposes additional restrictions on the operation of any part of our business, it has the power, among other things, to levy fines, confiscate our income, revoke our business licenses, and require us to discontinue the relevant parts of our business or to impose restrictions on the affected portion of our business. Any of these actions by the PRC government may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Dividend policy is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors. There is no assurance that our Board of Directors will declare dividends even if we are profitable. The payment of dividends by entities organized in China is subject to limitations as described herein. Under BVI law, we may only pay dividends from profits of our company, or credits standing in our Company’s share premium account, and we must be solvent before and after the dividend payment in the sense that we will be able to satisfy our liabilities as they become due in the ordinary course of business; and the realizable value of assets of our Company will not be less than the sum of our total liabilities, other than deferred taxes as shown on our books of account, and our capital. Pursuant to the Chinese enterprise income tax law, dividends payable by a foreign investment entity to its foreign investors are subject to a withholding tax of 10%. Similarly, dividends payable by a foreign investment entity to its Hong Kong investor who owns 25% or more of the equity of the foreign investment entity is subject to a withholding tax of 5%. The payment of dividends by entities organized in China is subject to limitations, procedures and formalities. Regulations in China currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. The transfer to this reserve must be made before distribution of any dividend to shareholders.

Our business may be materially and adversely affected if any of our Chinese subsidiaries declare bankruptcy or become subject to a dissolution or liquidation proceeding.

The Enterprise Bankruptcy Law of China provides that an enterprise may be liquidated if the enterprise fails to settle its debts as and when they fall due and if the enterprise’s assets are, or are demonstrably, insufficient to clear such debts. Our Chinese subsidiaries hold certain assets that are important to our business operations. If any of our Chinese subsidiaries undergoes a voluntary or involuntary liquidation proceeding, unrelated third-party creditors may claim rights to some or all of these assets, thereby hindering our ability to operate our business, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Wholly Owned Foreign Entity (WOFE) is required to allocate a portion of its after-tax profits, to the statutory reserve fund, and as determined by its Board of Directors, to the staff welfare and bonus funds, which may not be distributed to equity owners.

Pursuant to Company Law of P.R. China (2013 Revision), Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise Law of the P.R. China (2000 Revision) and Implementing Rules for the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprises (2014 Revision), our WOFE entity is required to allocate a portion of its after-tax profits, to the statutory reserve fund, and in its discretion, to the staff welfare and bonus funds. No lower than 10% of an enterprise’s after tax-profits should be allocated to the statutory reserve fund. When the statutory reserve fund account balance is equal to or greater than 50% of the WOFE’s registered capital, no further allocation to the statutory reserve fund account is required. WOFE determines, in its own discretion, the amount contributed to the staff welfare and bonus funds. These reserves represent appropriations of retained earnings determined according to Chinese law.

Our failure to obtain prior approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission for the listing and trading of our common shares on a foreign stock exchange could delay this offering or could have a material adverse effect upon our business, operating results, reputation and trading price of our common shares.

On August 8, 2006, six Chinese regulatory agencies, including the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (“MOFCOM”), jointly issued the Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors (the “M&A Rule”), which was amended on June 22, 2009. The M&A Rule contains provisions that require that an offshore special purpose vehicle (“SPV”) formed for listing purposes and controlled directly or indirectly by Chinese companies or individuals shall obtain the approval of the CSRC prior to the listing and trading of such SPV’s securities on an overseas stock exchange. On September 21, 2006, the CSRC published procedures specifying documents and materials required to be submitted to it by an SPV seeking CSRC approval of overseas listings. However, the application of the M&A Rule remains unclear with no consensus currently existing among leading Chinese law firms regarding the scope and applicability of the CSRC approval requirement. The CSRC has not issued any such definitive rule or interpretation, and we have not chosen to voluntarily request approval under the M&A Rule. If the CSRC requires that we obtain its approval prior to the completion of this offering, the offering will be delayed until we obtain CSRC approval, which may take several months. There is also the possibility that we may not be able to obtain such approval. If prior CSRC approval was required, we may face regulatory actions or other sanctions from the CSRC or other Chinese regulatory authorities. These authorities may impose fines and penalties upon our operations in China, limit our operating privileges in China, delay or restrict the repatriation of the proceeds from this offering into China, or take other actions that could have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and prospects, as well as the trading price of our common shares. The CSRC or other Chinese regulatory agencies may also take actions requiring us, or making it advisable for us, to terminate this offering prior to closing.

If we fail to maintain continuing compliance with the PRC state regulatory rules, policies and procedures applicable to our industry, we may risk losing certain preferential tax and other treatments which may adversely affect the viability of our current corporate structure, corporate governance and business operations.

According to the Guidelines on Foreign Investment issued by the State Council in 2002 and the Catalog on Foreign Invested Industries (2017 Revision) issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and MOFCOM, IT services fall into the category of industries in which foreign investment is encouraged. The State Council has promulgated several notices since 2000 to launch favorable policies for IT services, such as preferential tax treatments and credit support. Under rules and regulations promulgated by various Chinese government agencies, enterprises that have met specified criteria and are recognized as software enterprises by the relevant government authorities in China are entitled to preferential treatment, including financing support, preferential tax rates, export incentives, discretion and flexibility in determining employees’ welfare benefits and remuneration. Software enterprise qualifications are subject to annual examination. Enterprises that fail to meet the annual examination standards will lose the favorable enterprise income tax treatment. Enterprises exporting software or producing software products that are registered with the relevant government authorities are also entitled to preferential treatment including governmental financial support, preferential import, export policies and preferential tax rates. If and to the extent we fail to maintain compliance with such applicable rules and regulations, our operations and financial results may be adversely affected.

Adverse changes in political, economic and other policies of the Chinese government could have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China, which could materially and adversely affect the growth of our business and our competitive position.

Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects are affected significantly by economic, political and legal developments in China. Although the PRC economy has been transitioning from a planned economy to a more market-oriented economy since the late 1970s, the PRC government continues to exercise significant control over China’s economic growth through direct allocation of resources, monetary and tax policies, and a host of other government policies such as those that encourage or restrict investment in certain industries by foreign investors, control the exchange between the Renminbi and foreign currencies, and regulate the growth of the general or specific market. While the Chinese economy has experienced significant growth in the past 30 years, growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. Furthermore, the current global economic crisis is adversely affecting economies throughout the world. As the PRC economy has become increasingly linked with the global economy, China is affected in various respects by downturns and recessions of major economies around the world. The various economic and policy measures enacted by the PRC government to forestall economic downturns or bolster China’s economic growth could materially affect our business. Any adverse change in the economic conditions in China, in policies of the PRC government or in laws and regulations in China could have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China and market demand for our outsourcing services. Such developments could adversely affect our businesses, lead to reduction in demand for our services and adversely affect our competitive position.

Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could have a material adverse effect on us.

The PRC legal system is based on written statutes. Prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value. Since the late 1970s, the PRC government has been building a comprehensive system of laws and regulations governing economic matters in general. The overall effect has been to significantly enhance the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments in China. We conduct our business primarily through our subsidiaries established in China. These subsidiaries are generally subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China. However, since these laws and regulations are relatively new and the PRC legal system continues to rapidly evolve, the interpretations of many laws, regulations and rules are not always uniform and enforcement of these laws, regulations and rules involves uncertainties, which may limit legal protections available to us. In addition, some regulatory requirements issued by certain PRC government authorities may not be consistently applied by other government authorities (including local government authorities), thus making strict compliance with all regulatory requirements impractical, or in some circumstances impossible. For example, we may have to resort to administrative and court proceedings to enforce the legal protection that we enjoy either by law or contract. However, since PRC administrative and court authorities have discretion in interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, it may be more difficult to predict the outcome of administrative and court proceedings and the level of legal protection we enjoy than in more developed legal systems. These uncertainties may impede our ability to enforce the contracts we plan to enter into with our business partners, clients and suppliers. In addition, such uncertainties, including any inability to enforce our contracts, together with any development or interpretation of PRC law that is adverse to us, could materially and adversely affect our business and operations. Furthermore, intellectual property rights and confidentiality protections in China may not be as effective as in the United States or other more developed countries. We cannot predict the effect of future developments in the PRC legal system, including the promulgation of new laws, changes to existing laws or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, or the preemption of local regulations by national laws. These uncertainties could limit the legal protections available to us and other foreign investors, including you. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources and management attention.

U.S. regulators’ ability to conduct investigations or enforce rules in China is limited.

The majority of our operations conducted outside of the U.S. As a result, it may not be possible for the U.S. regulators to conduct investigations or inspections, or to effect service of process within the U.S. or elsewhere outside China on us, our subsidiaries, officers, directors and shareholders, and others, including with respect to matters arising under BVI or U.S. federal or state securities laws. China does not have treaties providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts with the U.S. and many other countries. As a result, recognition and enforcement in China of these judgments in relation to any matter, including U.S. securities laws and the laws of the BVI, may be difficult or impossible.

We face uncertainty regarding the PRC tax reporting obligations and consequences for certain indirect transfers of the stock of our operating company.

Pursuant to the Notice on Strengthening Administration of Enterprise Income Tax for Share Transfers by Non-PRC Resident Enterprises issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation on December 10, 2009, or Circular 698, where a foreign investor transfers the equity interests of a PRC resident enterprise indirectly by way of the sale of equity interests of an overseas holding company, or an Indirect Transfer, and such overseas holding company is located in a tax jurisdiction that: (i) has an effective tax rate less than 12.5% or (ii) does not tax foreign income of its residents, the foreign investor should report such Indirect Transfer to the competent tax authority of the PRC resident enterprise. The PRC tax authority will examine the true nature of the Indirect Transfer, and if the tax authority considers that the foreign investor has adopted an abusive arrangement in order to avoid PRC tax, they will disregard the existence of the overseas holding company and re-characterize the Indirect Transfer and as a result, gains derived from such Indirect Transfer may be subject to PRC withholding tax at the rate of up to 10%. In addition, the PRC resident enterprise is supposed to provide necessary assistance to support the enforcement of Circular 698. At present, the PRC tax authorities will neither confirm nor deny that they would enforce Circular 698, in conjunction with other tax collection and tax withholding rules, to make claims against our PRC subsidiaries as being indirectly liable for unpaid taxes, if any, arising from Indirect Transfers by shareholders who did not obtain their common shares in the public offering of our common shares.

PRC regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special purpose companies by PRC residents may subject our PRC resident shareholders to personal liability and limit our ability to acquire PRC companies or to inject capital into our PRC subsidiaries, limit their ability to distribute profits to us, or otherwise materially and adversely affect us.

On July 4, 2014, the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) promulgated the Circular on Relevant Issues Relating to Domestic Resident’s Investment and Financing and Roundtrip Investment through Special Purpose Vehicles, or SAFE Circular 37, which replaced the former Notice on Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Administration for PRC Residents to Engage in Financing and Inbound Investment via Overseas Special Purpose Vehicles (generally known as SAFE Circular 75) promulgated by SAFE on October 21, 2005. On February 13, 2015, SAFE further promulgated the Circular on Further Simplifying and Improving the Administration of the Foreign Exchange Concerning Direct Investment, or SAFE Circular 13, which took effect on June 1, 2015. This SAFE Circular 13 has amended SAFE Circular 37 by requiring PRC residents or entities to register with qualified banks rather than SAFE or its local branch in connection with their establishment or control of an offshore entity established for the purpose of overseas investment or financing.

These circulars require PRC residents to register with qualified banks in connection with their direct establishment or indirect control of an offshore entity, for the purpose of overseas investment and financing, with such PRC residents’ legally owned assets or equity interests in domestic enterprises or offshore assets or interests, which is referred to in SAFE Circular 37 as a “special purpose vehicle.” These circulars further require amendment to the registration in the event of any significant changes with respect to the special purpose vehicle, such as an increase or decrease of capital contributed by PRC residents, share transfer or exchange, merger, division or other material events. In the event that a PRC resident holding interests in a special purpose vehicle fails to complete the required SAFE registration, the PRC subsidiary of that special purpose vehicle may be prohibited from making profit distributions to the offshore parent and from carrying out subsequent cross-border foreign exchange activities, and the special purpose vehicle may be restricted in its ability to contribute additional capital into its PRC subsidiary. Furthermore, failure to comply with the various SAFE registration requirements described above could result in liability under PRC law for evasion of foreign exchange controls.

Xiangdong Wen and Zhen Fan have completed their SAFE Circular 37 registration. Our other beneficial owners who are PRC citizens have applied to qualified bank in Beijing for Circular 37 registration. It is expected that such registration will be completed in the third quarter of 2018. We cannot provide any assurances that such registration will be completed in a timely manner. Failure by such shareholders or beneficial owners to comply with Circular 37 could subject us to fines or legal sanctions, restrict our overseas or cross-border investment activities, limit our PRC subsidiary’s ability to make distributions or pay dividends or affect our ownership structure, which could adversely affect our business and prospects.

PRC regulation of loans and direct investment by offshore holding companies to PRC entities may delay or prevent us from using the proceeds of this offering to make loans or additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiary, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.

In utilizing the proceeds from this public offering or any future offerings, as an offshore holding company of our PRC subsidiary, we may make loans to our PRC subsidiary, or we may make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiary. Any loans to our PRC subsidiary are subject to PRC regulations and approvals. For example, loans by us to our PRC subsidiary in China, each of which is a foreign-invested enterprise, to finance their activities cannot exceed statutory limits and must be registered with SAFE or its local counterpart.

We may also decide to finance our PRC subsidiary through capital contributions. These capital contributions must be approved by MOFCOM or its local counterpart. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain these government registrations or approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to future loans by us to our PRC subsidiary or controlled PRC affiliate or capital contributions by us to our subsidiaries or any of their respective subsidiaries. If we fail to receive such registrations or approvals, our ability to use the proceeds of this offering and to capitalize our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could adversely and materially affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.

On June 15, 2016, SAFE promulgated the Circular on Reforming and Regulating Policies on the Control over Foreign Exchange Settlement of Capital Accounts, or SAFE Circular No.16. SAFE Circular No. 16 stipulates that the use of capital by foreign-invested enterprises, or FIEs shall follow “the principle of authenticity and self-use” within the business scope of such FIEs. The capital of an FIE and capital in Renminbi obtained by the FIE from foreign exchange settlement shall not be used for the following purposes: (i) directly or indirectly used for payment beyond the business scope of the enterprises or the payment prohibited by relevant laws and regulations; (ii) directly or indirectly used for investment in securities or investments other than banks’ principal-secured products unless otherwise provided by relevant laws and regulations; (iii) the granting of loans to non-affiliated enterprises, except where it is expressly permitted in the business license; and (iv) paying the expenses related to the purchase of real estate that is not for self-use (except for the foreign-invested real estate enterprises).

We cannot assure you that we will be able to complete the necessary government registrations or obtain the necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to future loans by us to our PRC subsidiary or controlled PRC affiliate or with respect to future capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiary. If we fail to complete such registrations or obtain such approvals, our ability to use the proceeds we receive from this offering and to capitalize or otherwise fund our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could adversely and materially affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.

Governmental control of currency conversion may limit our ability to use our future revenues effectively and the ability of our PRC subsidiary to obtain financing.

The PRC government imposes control on the convertibility of the Renminbi into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. Restrictions on currency conversion imposed by the PRC government may limit our ability to use our future revenues generated in Renminbi to fund our expenditures denominated in foreign currencies or our business activities outside China. Under China’s existing foreign exchange regulations, Renminbi may be freely converted into foreign currency for payments relating to current account transactions, which include among other things dividend payments and payments for the import of goods and services, by complying with certain procedural requirements. Our PRC subsidiary is able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to us without prior approval from SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements. Our PRC subsidiary may also retain foreign currency in their respective current account bank accounts for use in payment of international current account transactions. However, we cannot assure you that the PRC government will not take measures in the future to restrict access to foreign currencies for current account transactions. Conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies, and of foreign currencies into Renminbi, for payments relating to capital account transactions, which principally includes investments and loans, generally requires the approval of SAFE and other relevant PRC governmental authorities. Restrictions on the convertibility of the Renminbi for capital account transactions could affect the ability of our PRC subsidiary to make investments overseas or to obtain foreign currency through debt or equity financing, including by means of loans or capital contributions from us. We cannot assure you that the registration process will not delay or prevent our conversion of Renminbi for use outside of China.

We may be classified as a “resident enterprise” for PRC enterprise income tax purposes; such classification could result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders.

The Enterprise Income Tax Law provides that enterprises established outside of China whose “de facto management bodies” are located in China are considered PRC tax resident enterprises and will generally be subject to the uniform 25% PRC enterprise income tax rate on their global income. In addition, a tax circular issued by the State Administration of Taxation on April 22, 2009 regarding the standards used to classify certain Chinese-invested enterprises established outside of China as resident enterprises clarified that dividends and other income paid by such resident enterprises will be considered to be PRC source income, subject to PRC withholding tax, currently at a rate of 10%, when recognized by non-PRC enterprise shareholders. This recent circular also subjects such resident enterprises to various reporting requirements with the PRC tax authorities. Under the implementation rules to the Enterprise Income Tax Law, a de facto management body is defined as a body that has material and overall management and control over the manufacturing and business operations, personnel and human resources, finances and other assets of an enterprise. In addition, the tax circular mentioned above details that certain Chinese-invested enterprises will be classified as resident enterprises if the following are located or resident in China: senior management personnel and departments that are responsible for daily production, operation and management; financial and personnel decision making bodies; key properties, accounting books, company seal, and minutes of board meetings and shareholders’ meetings; and half or more of the senior management or directors having voting rights.

Currently, there are no detailed rules or precedents governing the procedures and specific criteria for determining de facto management bodies which are applicable to our company or our overseas subsidiary. If our company or any of our overseas subsidiaries is considered a PRC tax resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, a number of unfavorable PRC tax consequences could follow. First, our company or our overseas subsidiary will be subject to the uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate as to our global income as well as PRC enterprise income tax reporting obligations. Second, although under the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementing rules dividends paid to us from our PRC subsidiary would qualify as tax-exempted income, we cannot assure you that such dividends will not be subject to a 10% withholding tax, as the PRC foreign exchange control authorities, which enforce the withholding tax, have not yet issued guidance with respect to the processing of outbound remittances to entities that are treated as resident enterprises for PRC enterprise income tax purposes. Finally, dividends payable by us to our investors and gain on the sale of our common shares may become subject to PRC withholding tax. It is possible that future guidance issued with respect to the new resident enterprise classification could result in a situation in which a withholding tax of 10% for our non-PRC enterprise investors or a potential withholding tax of 20% for individual investors is imposed on dividends we pay to them and with respect to gains derived by such investors from transferring our common shares. In addition to the uncertainty in how the new resident enterprise classification could apply, it is also possible that the rules may change in the future, possibly with retroactive effect. If we are required under the Enterprise Income Tax law to withhold PRC income tax on our dividends payable to our foreign shareholders, or if you are required to pay PRC income tax on the transfer of our common shares under the circumstances mentioned above, the value of your investment in our common shares may be materially and adversely affected. It is unclear whether, if we are considered a PRC resident enterprise, holders of our common shares would be able to claim the benefit of income tax treaties or agreements entered into between China and other countries or areas.

We may rely on dividends paid by our subsidiaries for our cash needs, and any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business.

As a holding company, we conduct substantially all of our business through our consolidated subsidiaries incorporated in China. We may rely on dividends paid by our PRC subsidiary for our cash needs, including the funds necessary to pay any dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders, to service any debt we may incur and to pay our operating expenses. The payment of dividends by entities established in China is subject to limitations. Regulations in China currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. Our PRC subsidiary is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards each year to its general reserves or statutory capital reserve fund until the aggregate amount of such reserves reaches 50% of its respective registered capital. As a result, our PRC subsidiary is restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to us in the form of dividends. In addition, if our PRC subsidiary incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Any limitations on the ability of our PRC subsidiary to transfer funds to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our business, pay dividends and otherwise fund and conduct our business.

Our current employment practices may be restricted under the PRC Labor Contract Law and our labor costs may increase as a result.

The PRC Labor Contract Law and its implementing rules impose requirements concerning contracts entered into between an employer and its employees and establishes time limits for probationary periods and for how long an employee can be placed in a fixed-term labor contract. Because the Labor Contract Law and its implementing rules have not been in effect very long and because there is lack of clarity with respect to their implementation and potential penalties and fines, it is uncertain how it will impact our current employment policies and practices. We cannot assure you that our employment policies and practices do not, or will not, violate the Labor Contract Law or its implementing rules and that we will not be subject to related penalties, fines or legal fees. If we are subject to large penalties or fees related to the Labor Contract Law or its implementing rules, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, according to the Labor Contract Law and its implementing rules, if we intend to enforce the non-compete provision with an employee in a labor contract or non-competition agreement, we have to compensate the employee on a monthly basis during the term of the restriction period after the termination or ending of the labor contract, which may cause extra expenses to us. Furthermore, the Labor Contract Law and its implementation rules require certain terminations to be based upon seniority rather than merit, which significantly affects the cost of reducing workforce for employers. In the event we decide to significantly change or decrease our workforce in the PRC, the Labor Contract Law could adversely affect our ability to enact such changes in a manner that is most advantageous to our circumstances or in a timely and cost-effective manner, thus our results of operations could be adversely affected.

We must remit the offering proceeds to China before they may be used to benefit our business in China, this process may take a number of months and we will be unable to use the proceeds to grow our business in the meantime.

The proceeds of this offering must be sent back to China, and the process for sending such proceeds back to China may take several months after the closing of this offering. In order to remit the offering proceeds to China, we will take the following actions:

The timing of the process is difficult to estimate because the efficiencies of different SAFE branches can vary materially. Ordinarily, the process takes several months to complete. We may be unable to use these proceeds to grow our business until we receive such proceeds in China.

Prior to this offering, we had no public market for our common shares and you may not be able to resell our common shares at or above the price you paid, or at all.

Prior to this offering, there was no public market for our common shares. We cannot assure you that an active public market for our common shares will develop or that the market price of our common shares will not decline below the public offering price. The public offering price of our common shares may not be indicative of prices that will prevail in the trading market following the offering.

If we are unable to comply with certain conditions, our common shares may not trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

If we are unable to meet initial listing requirements for listing of our securities on NASDAQ, our shares may not trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market. In addition, we have relied on an exemption to the blue sky registration requirements afforded to “covered securities.” Securities listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market are “covered securities.” If we were unable to meet the final conditions for listing, then we would be unable to rely on the covered securities exemption to blue sky registration requirements and we would need to register the offering in each state in which we planned to sell common shares. Consequently, we will not complete this offering until we have met the final conditions.

If our financial condition deteriorates as a NASDAQ listed company, we may not meet continued listing standards on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

We have applied for listing of our securities on the NASDAQ Capital Market. The NASDAQ Capital Market requires companies to fulfill specific requirements in order for their shares to continue to be listed. If our common shares are listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market but are delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market at some later date, our shareholders could find it difficult to sell our common shares. In addition, if our common shares are delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market at some later date, we may apply to have our common shares quoted on the Bulletin Board or in the “pink sheets” maintained by the National Quotation Bureau, Inc. The Bulletin Board and the “pink sheets” are generally considered to be less efficient markets than the NASDAQ Capital Market. In addition, if our common shares are not so listed or are delisted at some later date, our common shares may be subject to the “penny stock” regulations. These rules impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers that sell low-priced securities to persons other than established customers and institutional accredited investors and require the delivery of a disclosure schedule explaining the nature and risks of the penny stock market. As a result, the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell or make a market in our common shares might decline. If our common shares are not so listed or are delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market at some later date or become subject to the penny stock regulations, it is likely that the price of our common shares would decline and that our shareholders would find it difficult to sell their common shares. In addition, we have relied on an exemption to the blue sky registration requirements afforded to “covered securities.” Securities listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market are “covered securities.” If we were unable to meet the final conditions for listing, then we would be unable to rely on the “covered securities” exemption to blue sky registration requirements and we would need to register the offering in each state in which we planned to sell common shares. Consequently, we will not complete this offering until we have met the final conditions.

If a limited number of participants in this offering purchase a significant percentage of the offering, the effective public float may be smaller than anticipated and the price of our common shares may be volatile.

As a company conducting a relatively small public offering, we are subject to the risk that a small number of investors will purchase a high percentage of the offering. If this were to happen, investors could find our common shares to be more volatile than they might otherwise anticipate. Companies that experience such volatility in their stock price may be more likely to be the subject of securities litigation. In addition, if a large portion of our public float were to be held by a few investors, smaller investors may find it more difficult to sell their common shares.

We are a “foreign private issuer,” and our disclosure obligations differ from those of U.S. domestic reporting companies. As a result, we may not provide you the same information as U.S. domestic reporting companies or we may provide information at different times, which may make it more difficult for you to evaluate our performance and prospects.

We are a foreign private issuer and, as a result, we are not subject to the same requirements as U.S. domestic issuers. Under the Exchange Act, we will be subject to reporting obligations that, to some extent, are more lenient and less frequent than those of U.S. domestic reporting companies. For example, we will not be required to issue quarterly reports or proxy statements. We will not be required to disclose detailed individual executive compensation information. Furthermore, our directors and executive officers will not be required to report equity holdings under Section 16 of the Exchange Act and will not be subject to the insider short-swing profit disclosure and recovery regime. As a foreign private issuer, we will also be exempt from the requirements of Regulation FD (Fair Disclosure) which, generally, are meant to ensure that select groups of investors are not privy to specific information about an issuer before other investors. However, we will still be subject to the anti-fraud and anti-manipulation rules of the SEC, such as Rule 10b-5 under the Exchange Act. Since many of the disclosure obligations imposed on us as a foreign private issuer differ from those imposed on U.S. domestic reporting companies, you should not expect to receive the same information about us and at the same time as the information provided by U.S. domestic reporting companies.

Common shares eligible for future sale may adversely affect the market price of our common shares, as the future sale of a substantial amount of outstanding common shares in the public marketplace could reduce the price of our common shares.

The market price of our common shares could decline as a result of sales of substantial amounts of our common shares in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur. In addition, these factors could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future offerings of our common shares. An aggregate of 18,000,000 common shares are outstanding before the consummation of this offering and 19,800,000 common shares will be outstanding immediately after this offering (which does not include 270,000 common shares that the underwriters may purchase form us to cover over-allotments). All of the common shares sold in the offering will be freely transferable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act. The remaining common shares will be “restricted securities” as defined in Rule 144. These shares may be sold in the future without registration under the Securities Act to the extent permitted by Rule 144 or other exemptions under the Securities Act.

The initial public offering price of our common shares is expected to be substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our common shares. Assuming the completion of the offering, if you purchase common shares in this offering, you will incur immediate dilution of approximately $4.12 per share in the pro forma net tangible book value per share from the price per share that you pay for the common shares. Accordingly, if you purchase common shares in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution of your investment. See “Dilution.”

We have not finally determined the uses of the proceeds from this offering, and we may use the proceeds in ways with which you may not agree.

While we have identified the priorities to which we expect to put the proceeds of this offering, our management will have considerable discretion in the application of the net proceeds received by us. Specifically, we intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for research and development and additional hirings, sales and marketing and working capital and general corporate purposes. We have reserved the right to re-allocate funds currently allocated to that purpose to our general working capital. If that were to happen, then our management would have discretion over even more of the net proceeds to be received by our company in this offering. You will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. You must rely on the judgment of our management regarding the application of the net proceeds of this offering. The net proceeds may be used for corporate purposes that do not improve our efforts to achieve profitability or increase our stock price. The net proceeds from this offering may be placed in investments that do not produce profit or increase value. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Our officers, directors and principal shareholders own a significant percentage of our common shares and will be able to exert significant control over matters subject to shareholder approval.

Assuming the completion of this offering, our officers, directors and 5% or greater shareholders will, in the aggregate, beneficially own approximately 66.3% of our outstanding common shares. Specifically, our chief executive officer and Chairman, in the aggregate, will beneficially own 30.4% following this offering, which, in turn, will allow such shareholders to exert substantial influence over matters such as electing directors and approving mergers or other business combination transactions. As a result, our officers, directors and 5% or greater shareholders will possess substantial ability to impact our management and affairs and the outcome of matters submitted to shareholders for approval. This concentration of ownership and voting power may also discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their common shares as part of a sale of our company and might reduce the price of our common shares. These actions may be taken even if they are opposed by our other shareholders, including those who purchase common shares in this offering. See “Principal Shareholders.”

We will incur increased costs and become subject to additional regulations and requirements as a result of becoming a newly public company, and our management will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance matters, which could lower our profits or make it more difficult to run our business.

As a newly public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we have not incurred as a private company, including costs associated with public company reporting requirements and costs of recruiting and retaining non-executive directors. We also have incurred and will incur costs associated with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules implemented by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and NASDAQ. The expenses incurred by public companies generally for reporting and corporate governance purposes have been increasing. We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly, although we are currently unable to estimate these costs with any degree of certainty. Our management will need to devote a substantial amount of time to ensure that we comply with all of these requirements. These laws and regulations also could make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain certain types of insurance, including director and officer liability insurance, and we may be forced to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. These laws and regulations could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our Board of Directors, our board committees or as our executive officers. Furthermore, if we are unable to satisfy our obligations as a public company, we could be subject to delisting of our common shares, fines, sanctions and other regulatory action and potentially civil litigation.

There may not be an active trading market for our common shares, which may cause shares of our common shares to trade at a discount from the initial offering price and make it difficult to sell the common shares you purchase.

Prior to this offering, there has not been a public trading market for our common shares. It is possible that after this offering an active trading market will not develop or continue or, if developed, that any market will be sustained which would make it difficult for you to sell your common shares at an attractive price or at all. The initial public offering price per share will be determined by agreement among us and the representatives of the underwriters, and may not be indicative of the price at which common shares will trade in the public market after this offering. The market price of our stock may decline below the initial offering price and you may not be able to sell your common shares at or above the price you paid in this offering, or at all.

The market price of common shares may be volatile, which could cause the value of your investment to decline.

Even if a trading market develops, the market price of our common shares may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. Securities markets worldwide experience significant price and volume fluctuations. This market volatility, as well as general economic, market or political conditions, could reduce the market price of our common shares in spite of our operating performance. In addition, our results of operations could be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors due to a number of potential factors, including variations in our quarterly results of operations, additions or departures of key management personnel, failure to meet analysts’ earnings estimates, publication of research reports about our industry, litigation and government investigations, changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing interpretations or enforcement thereof affecting our business, adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we may incur or securities we may issue in the future, changes in market valuations of similar companies or speculation in the press or investment community, announcements by our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, dispositions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments, adverse publicity about our industry in or individual scandals, and in response the market price of our common shares could decrease significantly. You may be unable to resell your common shares of at or above the initial public offering price. In the past few years, stock markets have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. In the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. This litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources, or at all.

Future sales, or the perception of future sales, by us or our existing shareholders in the public market following this offering could cause the market price for our common shares to decline.

The sale of substantial amounts of common shares in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur could harm the prevailing market price of our common shares. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate. Upon completion of this offering we will have a total of 19,800,000 common shares outstanding (which does not include 270,000 common shares that the underwriters may purchase form us to cover over-allotments). Of the outstanding common shares, the 1,800,000 common shares sold or issued in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Securities Act, except that any common shares held by our affiliates, as that term is defined under Rule 144 of the Securities Act, may be sold only in compliance with the limitations described in “Common Shares Eligible for Future Sale.” All remaining common shares, which are currently held by our existing shareholders, may be sold in the public market in the future subject to the lock-up agreements and the restrictions contained in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. If any existing shareholders sell a substantial amount of common shares, the prevailing market price for our common shares could be adversely affected. Our executive officers, directors and certain of our existing shareholders will sign lock-up agreements with the underwriters that will, subject to certain customary exceptions, restrict the sale of our common shares and certain other securities held by them for 180 days following the date of this prospectus. The underwriters may, in their sole discretion and at any time without notice, release all or any portion of the common shares subject to any such lock-up agreements. As restrictions on resale end, the market price of our common shares could drop significantly if the holders of our restricted shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to raise additional funds through future offerings of our common shares or other securities.

As the rights of shareholders under BVI law differ from those under U.S. law, you may have fewer protections as a shareholder.

Our corporate affairs will be governed by our Memorandum and Articles of Association, the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004, as amended (the “BVI Act”), and the common law of the BVI. The rights of shareholders to take legal action against our directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under BVI law are governed by the BVI Act and the common law of the BVI. The common law of the BVI is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the British Virgin Islands as well as from the common law of England and the wider Commonwealth, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a court in the BVI. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under BVI law are largely codified in the BVI Act but are potentially not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedents in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the BVI has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States, and some states (such as Delaware) have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law. As a result of all of the above, holders of our common shares may have more difficulty in protecting their interests through actions against our management, directors or major shareholders than they would as shareholders of a U.S. company.

BVI companies may not be able to initiate shareholder derivative actions, thereby depriving shareholders of the ability to protect their interests.

Shareholders of BVI companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States. Shareholders of a BVI company could, however, bring a derivative action in the BVI courts, and there is a clear statutory right to commence such derivative claims under Section 184C of the BVI Act. The circumstances in which any such action may be brought, and the procedures and defenses that may be available in respect to any such action, may result in the rights of shareholders of a BVI company being more limited than those of shareholders of a company organized in the United States. Accordingly, shareholders may have fewer alternatives available to them if they believe that corporate wrongdoing has occurred. The BVI courts are also unlikely to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts in the United States based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities law; and to impose liabilities against us, in original actions brought in the BVI, based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities laws that are penal in nature. There is no statutory recognition in the BVI of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the BVI will generally recognize and enforce the non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits. The BVI Act offers some limited protection of minority shareholders. The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may apply to the BVI court for an order directing the company or its director(s) to comply with, or restraining the company or a director from engaging in conduct that contravenes, the BVI Act or the company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association. Under the BVI Act, the minority shareholders have a statutory right to bring a derivative action in the name of and on behalf of the company in circumstances where a company has a cause of action against its directors. This remedy is available at the discretion of the BVI court. A shareholder may also bring an action against the company for breach of duty owed to him as a member. A shareholder who considers that the affairs of the company have been, are being or likely to be, conducted in a manner that is, or any act or acts of the company have been, or are, likely to be oppressive, unfairly discriminatory, or unfairly prejudicial to him in that capacity, may apply to the BVI court for an order to remedy the situation.

There are common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English company law. Under the general rule pursuant to English company law known as the rule in Foss v. Harbottle, a court will generally refuse to interfere with the management of a company at the insistence of a minority of its shareholders who express dissatisfaction with the conduct of the company’s affairs by the majority or the Board of Directors. However, every shareholder is entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted properly according to BVI law and the constituent documents of the company. As such, if those who control the company have persistently disregarded the requirements of company law or the provisions of the company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association, then the courts may grant relief. Generally, the areas in which the courts will intervene are the following: (1) an act complained of which is outside the scope of the authorized business or is illegal or not capable of ratification by the majority; (2) acts that constitute fraud on the minority where the wrongdoers control the company; (3) acts that infringe or are about to infringe on the personal rights of the shareholders, such as the right to vote; and (4) where the company has not complied with provisions requiring approval of a special or extraordinary majority of shareholders. This means that even if shareholders were to sue us successfully, they may not be able to recover anything to make up for the losses suffered.

The laws of the BVI may provide less protection for minority shareholders than those under U.S. law, so minority shareholders may have less recourse than they would under U.S. law if the shareholders are dissatisfied with the conduct of our affairs.

Under the laws of the BVI, the rights of minority shareholders are protected by provisions of the BVI Act dealing with shareholder remedies and other remedies available under common law (in tort or contractual remedies). The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may bring an action to enforce the constitutional documents of the company (i.e. the Memorandum and Articles of Association) as shareholders are entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted in accordance with the BVI Act and the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the company. A shareholder may also bring an action under statute if he feels that the affairs of the company have been or will be carried out in a manner that is unfairly prejudicial or discriminating or oppressive to him. The BVI Act also provides for certain other protections for minority shareholders, including in respect of investigation of the company and inspection of the company books and records. There are also common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English common law, since the common law of the BVI for business companies is limited.

We may not be able to pay any dividends on our common shares in the future due to BVI law.

Under BVI law, we may only pay dividends to our shareholders if the value of our assets exceeds our liabilities and we are able to pay our debts as they become due. We cannot give any assurance that we will declare dividends of any amounts, at any rate or at all in the future. Future dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors, and will depend upon our results of operations, cash flows, financial condition, payment to us of cash dividends by our subsidiaries, capital needs, future prospects and other factors that our directors may deem appropriate.

We are an “emerging growth company” and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to “emerging growth companies” will make our common shares less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions and relief from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies.” In particular, while we are an “emerging growth company” (1) we will not be required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (2) we will be exempt from any rules that may be adopted by the PCAOB requiring mandatory audit firm rotations or a supplement to the auditor’s report on financial statements, (3) we will be subject to reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and (4) we will not be required to hold nonbinding advisory votes on executive compensation or shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We currently intend to take advantage of the reduced disclosure requirements regarding executive compensation. If we remain an “emerging growth company” after fiscal 2018, we may take advantage of other exemptions, including the exemptions from the advisory vote requirements and executive compensation disclosures under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Customer Protection Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, and the exemption from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards, meaning that the company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, will be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

We may remain an “emerging growth company” until the fiscal year-end following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this initial public offering, though we may cease to be an “emerging growth company” earlier under certain circumstances, including (1) if we become a large accelerated filer, (2) if our gross revenue exceeds $1.07 billion in any fiscal year or (3) if we issue more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible notes in any three year period. The exact implications of the JOBS Act are still subject to interpretations and guidance by the SEC and other regulatory agencies, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to take advantage of all of the benefits of the JOBS Act. In addition, investors may find our common shares less attractive if we rely on the exemptions and relief granted by the JOBS Act. If some investors find our common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares and our stock price may decline and/or become more volatile.

We have made statements in this prospectus, including under “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Our Business” and elsewhere that constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements about our plans, objectives, expectations, assumptions or future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “we believe,” “we intend,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “could” and similar expressions denoting uncertainty or an action that may, will or is expected to occur in the future. These statements involve estimates, assumptions, known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

The ultimate correctness of these forward-looking statements depends upon a number of known and unknown risks and events. We discuss our known material risks under the heading “Risk Factors” above. Many factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements. Consequently, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

We estimate that we will receive net proceeds from the sale of common shares of approximately $6.12 million (or approximately $7.18 million if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional common shares from us is exercised in full), based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $4.25 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions, non-accountable expense allowance, and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The net proceeds from this offering must be remitted to China before we will be able to use the funds to grow our business. The procedure to remit funds may take several months after completion of this offering, and we will be unable to use the offering proceeds in China until remittance is completed.

Each $0.25 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $4.25 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $407,000, assuming the number of common shares offered, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions, non-accountable expense allowance, and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering as follows after we complete the remittance process:

The precise amounts and percentage of proceeds we would devote to particular categories of activity will depend on prevailing market and business conditions as well as particular opportunities that may arise from time to time. This expected use of our net proceeds from this offering represents our intentions based upon our current plans and business conditions, which could change in the future as our plans and business conditions evolve. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures may vary significantly depending on numerous factors, including any unforeseen cash needs. Similarly, the priority of our prospective uses of proceeds will depend on business and market conditions are they develop. Accordingly, our management will have significant flexibility and broad discretion in applying the net proceeds of the offering. If an unforeseen event occurs or business conditions change, we may use the proceeds of this offering differently than as described in this prospectus. In utilizing the proceeds of this offering, we are permitted under PRC laws and regulations to provide funding to our PRC subsidiary only through loans or capital contributions. Subject to satisfaction of applicable government registration and approval requirements, we may extend inter-company loans or make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiary to fund its capital expenditures or working capital. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain these government registrations or approvals on a timely basis, if at all. Pending remitting the offering proceeds to the PRC, we intend to invest our net proceeds in short-term, interest bearing, investment-grade obligations.

Although we may use a portion of the proceeds for the acquisition of, or investment in, companies, technologies, products or assets that complement our business, we have no present understandings, commitments or agreements to enter into any acquisitions or make any investments. We cannot assure you that we will make any acquisitions or investments in the future.

We have agreed with the underwriters to establish an escrow account in the United States and to fund such account with $500,000 from this offering that may be utilized by the underwriters to fund any bona fide indemnification claims of the underwriters arising during a two-year period following the offering. The escrow account will not be interest bearing, and we will be free to invest the assets in certain securities during the two-year period. All funds that are not subject to an indemnification claim will be returned to us after the two-year period expires.

The holders of our common shares are entitled to dividends out of funds legally available when and as declared by our Board of Directors subject to the BVI Act. Our Board has never declared a dividend and does not anticipate declaring a dividend in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business.

Should we decide in the future to pay dividends, as a holding company, our ability to do so and meet other obligations depends upon the receipt of dividends or other payments from our operating subsidiary and other holdings and investments. In addition, our operating company may, from time to time, be subject to restrictions on their ability to make distributions to us, including as a result of restrictive covenants in loan agreements, restrictions on the conversion of local currency into U.S. dollars or other hard currency and other regulatory restrictions. In particular, Chinese regulations may restrict the ability of Gujia to pay dividends to us. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common shares are entitled to receive, ratably, the net assets available to shareholders after payment of all creditors.

Our business is conducted in China, and the financial records of Gujia are maintained in RMB, its functional currency. However, we use the U.S. dollar as our reporting currency; therefore, periodic reports made to shareholders will include current period amounts translated into U.S. dollars using the then-current exchange rates. Our financial statements have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 830-10, “Foreign Currency Matters.” We have translated our asset and liability accounts using the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. We translated our statements of operations using the average exchange rate for the period. We reported the resulting translation adjustments under other comprehensive income/loss. The consolidated balance sheet amounts, with the exception of equity at June 30, 2018, December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were translated at RMB 6.6166, RMB 6.5342 and RMB 6.9370 to $1.00, respectively. The equity accounts were stated at their historical rates. The average translation rates applied to consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were RMB 6.3711 and RMB 6.8697, respectively, and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were RMB 6.7518 and RMB 6.6423 to $1.00, respectively.

We make no representation that any RMB or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or RMB, as the case may be, at any particular rate, or at all. The Chinese government imposes control over its foreign currency reserves in part through direct regulation of the conversion of RMB into foreign exchange and through restrictions on foreign trade. On October 19, 2018, the exchange rate was RMB 6.9300 to $1.00. We do not currently engage in currency hedging transactions.

The following table sets forth our cash and our capitalization as of June 30, 2018:

The pro forma information below is illustrative only and our capitalization following the completion of this offering is subject to adjustment based on the public offering price of our common shares and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. You should read this capitalization table together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section and other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.

If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional 270,000 common shares from us were exercised in full, the pro forma would be as follows:

If you invest in our common shares in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted immediately to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per common share and the pro forma net tangible book value per common share immediately after this offering.

Net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our total tangible assets less our total liabilities by the number of common shares outstanding. Our historical net tangible book value as of June 30, 2018, was $902,854, or $0.02 per share.

Dilution results from the fact that the per common share initial public offering price is substantially in excess of the book value per common share attributable to the existing shareholders for our presently outstanding common shares. After giving effect to our issuance and sale of 1,800,000 common shares in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $4.25 per share, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions, non-accountable expense allowance, and offering expenses payable by us, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2018 would have been $7,026,104, or $0.13 per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value to existing shareholders of $0.11 per share. The initial public offering price per share will significantly exceed the net tangible book value per share. Accordingly, new investors who purchase common shares in this offering will suffer an immediate dilution of their investment of $4.12 per common share or approximately 96.9% from the assumed initial public offering price of $4.25 per common share, the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The following table illustrates the estimated net tangible book value per share after this offering and the per share dilution to persons purchasing common shares in this offering based on the foregoing offering assumptions:

If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional common shares in full, the pro forma net tangible book value would be $8,081,804, or $0.14 per share, and the dilution per common share to investors participating in this offering would be $4.11 per share.

A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $4.25 per share would increase (decrease) the pro forma net tangible book value by approximately $1,629,000, the pro forma net tangible book value per share after this offering by $0.03 per share and the dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to investors participating in this offering by $0.97 per share, assuming that the number of common shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions, non-accountable expense allowance, and offering expenses payable by us.

The following charts illustrate our pro forma proportionate ownership, upon completion of this offering by present shareholders and investors in this offering, compared to the relative amounts paid by each. The charts reflect payment by present shareholders as of the date the consideration was received and by investors in this offering at the assumed initial public offering price of $4.25 per share, the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, without deduction of estimated underwriting discounts and commissions, non-accountable expense allowance, and our estimated offering expenses. The charts further assume no changes in net tangible book value other than those resulting from the offering.

If the underwriters’ over-allotment option of 270,000 common shares is exercised in full, the number of common shares held by the new investors will be increased to 2,070,000 common shares after this offering.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes to those consolidated financial statements that are included elsewhere in this prospectus. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.

Unless otherwise indicated, references to the “Company”, “us” or “we” refer to MMTEC, INC. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this Form F-1 including, without limitation, statements under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding our financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. When used in this Form F-1, words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend” and similar expressions, as they relate to us or our management, identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management. Actual results could differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including those set forth under the risk factors and business sections in this Form F-1.

We provide comprehensive, Internet-based technology services and solutions to the Chinese language speaking hedge funds, mutual funds, registered investment advisors, proprietary trading groups, and brokerage firms engaging in securities market transactions and settlements globally. We help these financial institutions to accelerate their integration into the overseas market by offering complete suite trading solutions, including services such as fund establishment, issuance, custody, transaction and settlement. These financial institutions may “white label” our trading interface (i.e., put their logos on it, make our trading interface available to their customers without referencing our name), or they can select from among our modular functionalities, such as order routing, trade reporting or clearing on specific products or exchanges to offer their customers a comprehensive range of services and products.

The value of the Renminbi (“RMB”), the main currency used in China, fluctuates and is affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political and economic conditions. The conversion of RMB into foreign currencies such as the U.S. dollar have generally been based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China, which are set daily based on the previous day’s interbank foreign exchange market rates and current exchange rates on the world financial markets.

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We continually evaluate our estimates, including those related to the allowance for doubtful accounts, the useful life of property and equipment, assumptions used in assessing impairment of long-term assets, and valuation of deferred tax assets.

We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Any future changes to these estimates and assumptions could cause a material change to our reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.

We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the purchase price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.

We did not generate any revenue during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

For details of applicable new accounting standards, please, refer to Recent Accounting Pronouncements in Note 3 of our consolidated financial statements accompanying this report.

Comparison of Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016

We did not generate any revenue during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, operating expenses included payroll and related benefits and other general and administrative expenses.

Payroll and related benefits totaled $702,989 for the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to $514,465 for the year ended December 31, 2016, an increase of $188,524 or 36.6%. The increase was primarily attributable to the increase in staff resulting from our business expansion.

For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, other general and administrative expenses consisted of the following:

As a result of the foregoing, for the year ended December 31, 2017, loss from operations amounted to $918,600, as compared to loss from operations of $666,028 for the year ended December 31, 2016, an increase of $252,572, or 37.9%.

Other income (expense) includes interest income from bank deposits, other miscellaneous income, and other miscellaneous expense. Other expense totaled $598 for the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to other income of $4,823 for the year ended December 31, 2016, a change of $5,421, which was mainly attributable to a decrease in other miscellaneous income of approximately $3,000, and an increase in other miscellaneous expense of approximately $2,000.

We did not have any income taxes expense for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 since we did not generate any taxable income in these two fiscal years.

As a result of the factors described above, our net loss was $919,198, or $0.02 per share (basic and diluted), for the year ended December 31, 2017. Our net loss was $661,205, or $0.01 per share (basic and diluted), for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our parent company, MMTEC and MM Future, is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong, is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). The financial statements of our subsidiaries whose functional currency is the RMB are translated to U.S. dollars using period end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, average rate of exchange for revenue and expenses and cash flows, and at historical exchange rates for equity. Net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions are included in the results of operations. As a result of foreign currency translations, which are a non-cash adjustment, we reported a foreign currency translation gain of $39,610 and a foreign currency translation loss of $71,558 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. This non-cash gain/loss had the effect of decreasing/increasing our reported comprehensive loss.

As a result of our foreign currency translation adjustment, we had comprehensive loss of $879,588 and $732,763 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Liquidity is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, we had cash balance of approximately $238,000 and $719,000, respectively. These funds are kept in financial institutions located in China.

Under applicable PRC regulations, foreign invested enterprises, or FIEs, in China may pay dividends only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, a foreign invested enterprise in China is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards each year to its general reserves until the cumulative amount of such reserves reach 50% of its registered capital. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends.

In addition, a majority of our businesses and assets are denominated in RMB, which is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions take place either through the People’s Bank of China or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China. Approval of foreign currency payments by the People’s Bank of China or other regulatory institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with suppliers’ invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts. These currency exchange control procedures imposed by the PRC government authorities may restrict the ability of our PRC subsidiary to transfer its net assets to the Parent Company through loans, advances or cash dividends.

The current PRC Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) Law and its implementing rules generally provide that a 10% withholding tax applies to China-sourced income derived by non-resident enterprises for PRC enterprise income tax purposes unless the jurisdiction of incorporation of such enterprises’ shareholder has a tax treaty with China that provides for a different withholding arrangement.

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in our working capital from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017:

Our working capital decreased by $835,338 to working capital $249,007 at December 31, 2017 from working capital $1,084,345 at December 31, 2016. The decrease in working capital was primarily attributable to a decrease in cash of approximately $482,000, a decrease in due from related parties of approximately $381,000 primarily due to the repayments received from our related parties in fiscal year 2017, and an increase in salary payable of approximately $22,000, offset by an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of approximately $61,000.

Because the exchange rate conversion is different for the consolidated balance sheets and the consolidated statements of cash flows, the changes in assets and liabilities reflected on the consolidated statements of cash flows are not necessarily identical with the comparable changes reflected on the consolidated balance sheets.

Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2017 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2016

The following summarizes the key components of our cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Net cash flow used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $961,234, which primarily reflected our net loss of approximately $919,000, and the changes in operating assets and liabilities primarily consisting of an increase in security deposit of approximately $26,000, and an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of approximately $55,000, offset by an increase in salary payable of approximately $17,000 and the add-back of non-cash items consisting of depreciation of approximately $21,000 and bad debt expense of approximately $4,000.

Net cash flow used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $633,913, which primarily reflected our net loss of approximately $661,000, and the changes in operating assets and liabilities primarily consisting of an increase in security deposit of approximately $2,000, an increase in other receivable of approximately $15,000, an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of approximately $33,000, and a decrease in accrued liabilities and other payables of approximately $16,000, offset by an increase in salary payable of approximately $66,000, and the add-back of non-cash items consisting of depreciation of approximately $14,000 and bad debt expense of approximately $13,000.

Net cash flow provided by investing activities was $385,391 for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to net cash flow used in investing activities of $445,366 for the year ended December 31, 2016. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we received cash proceeds from repayment of advances to related parties of approximately $392,000, offset by payments made for purchase of property and equipment of approximately $6,000. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we made payments for purchase of property and equipment of approximately $47,000, and made advances to related parties of approximately $452,000, offset by cash proceeds received from repayment of advances to related parties of approximately $53,000.

Net cash flow provided by financing activities was $66,649 for the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to $1,820,153 for the year ended December 31, 2016. During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we received proceeds from shareholders’ contribution of approximately $67,000 and $1,820,000, respectively, in funding our operations

During the periods covered by this report, we did not generate any revenue and were reliant upon capital contributions from shareholders, to satisfy our operating expenses. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, our shareholders provided capital contributions to us totaling approximately $67,000 and $1,820,000, respectively.

Our capital requirements for the next twelve months primarily relate to working capital requirements, including salaries and fees related to third parties’ professional services, reduction of accrued liabilities, and the development of business opportunities. These uses of cash will depend on numerous factors including our future sales revenue and our ability to control costs. All funds received have been expended in the furtherance of growing the business. The following trends are reasonably likely to result in a material decrease in our liquidity over the near to long term:

Currently, we use our cash to support our operations and to provide working capital for our ongoing operations and obligations. We estimate that we will require additional working capital to fund our current operations for the next 12 months. We have historically funded our capital expenditures through cash flow provided by related parties’ advances. Considering our available cash together with our cash inflow from financing, we believe that it is not likely that we will not meet our anticipated cash requirements for the next twelve months.

Although we estimate that our current cash will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for the next twelve months, we need to either borrow funds or raise additional capital through equity or debt financings in order to support our future mergers or acquisitions and the development of our business opportunities. However, we cannot be certain that such capital (from our shareholders or third parties) will be available to us or whether such capital will be available on terms that are acceptable to us. Any such financing likely would be dilutive to existing shareholders and could result in significant financial operating covenants that would negatively impact our business.

We have certain fixed contractual obligations and commitments that include future estimated payments. Changes in our business needs, cancellation provisions, and other factors may result in actual payments differing from the estimates. We cannot provide certainty regarding the timing and amounts of payments. We have presented below a summary of the most significant assumptions used in our determination of amounts presented in the tables, in order to assist in the review of this information within the context of our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. The following tables summarize our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2017, and the effect these obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods.

Under SEC regulations, we are required to disclose off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, such as changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors. An off-balance sheet arrangement means a transaction, agreement or contractual arrangement to which any entity that is not consolidated with us is a party, under which we have:

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that we are required to disclose pursuant to these regulations. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into operating lease commitments, and other contractual obligations. These transactions are recognized in our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

Our operations are in China. Thus, our revenues and operating results may be impacted by exchange rate fluctuations between RMB and US dollars. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we had unrealized foreign currency translation gain of approximately $40,000 and unrealized foreign currency translation loss of approximately $72,000, respectively, because of changes in the exchange rate.

The effect of inflation on our revenue and operating results was not significant.

Comparison of Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

We did not generate any revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, operating expenses included payroll and related benefits, professional fees, and other general and administrative expenses.

Payroll and related benefits totaled $404,644 for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $325,552 for the six months ended June 30, 2017, an increase of $79,092 or 24.3%. The increase was primarily attributable to the increase in staff resulting from our business expansion.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, professional fees primarily consisted of audit fees, legal service fees, financial consulting fees, and other fees associated with initial public offering process. We did not incur these fees in the 2017 period. Professional fees totaled $470,190 for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $16,687 for the six months ended June 30, 2017, an increase of $453,503 or 2,717.7%. The significant increase was primarily attributable to an increase in audit fee of approximately $220,000 related to the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, and an increase in legal service fee of approximately $116,000, an increase in financial consulting fee of approximately $45,000 and an increase in other miscellaneous items of approximately $73,000, related to the work on our initial public offering. In 2018, if and to the extent we become a publicly traded company, we except professional fees to increase to reflect costs associated with being a public company.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, other general and administrative expenses consisted of the following:

As a result of the foregoing, for the six months ended June 30, 2018, loss from operations amounted to $1,064,245, as compared to $429,945 for the six months ended June 30, 2017, an increase of $634,300, or 147.5%.

Other income (expense) mainly includes interest income from bank deposits, other miscellaneous income, foreign currency transaction gain, and loss on equity method investment controlled by major shareholders. Other income totaled $1,996 for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $745 for the six months ended June 30, 2017, a change of $1,251, or 167.9%, which was mainly attributable to an increase in other miscellaneous income of approximately $5,000, and increase in foreign currency transaction gain of approximately $24,000, offset by an increase in loss on equity method investment controlled by major shareholders of approximately $27,000.

We did not have any income taxes expense for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 since we did not generate any taxable income in these two periods.

As a result of the factors described above, our net loss was $1,062,249, or $0.02 per share (basic and diluted), for the six months ended June 30, 2018. Our net loss was $429,200, or $0.01 per share (basic and diluted), for the six months ended June 30, 2017.

Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our parent company, MMTEC, and MM Future and MM Fund, is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong, is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). The financial statements of our subsidiaries whose functional currency is the RMB are translated to U.S. dollars using period end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, average rate of exchange for revenue and expenses and cash flows, and at historical exchange rates for equity. Net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions are included in the results of operations. As a result of foreign currency translations, which are a non-cash adjustment, we reported a foreign currency translation loss of $26,200 and a foreign currency translation gain of $21,208 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. This non-cash loss/gain had the effect of increasing/decreasing our reported comprehensive loss.

As a result of our foreign currency translation adjustment, we had comprehensive loss of $1,088,449 and $407,992 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had cash balance of approximately $812,000 and $238,000, respectively. Most of these funds are kept in financial institutions located in China.

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in our working capital from December 31, 2017 to June 30, 2018:

Our working capital increased by $580,104 to $829,111 at June 30, 2018 from working capital of $249,007 at December 31, 2017. The increase in working capital was primarily attributable to an increase in cash and cash equivalents of approximately $574,000, an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of approximately $50,000, a decrease in salary payable of approximately $31,000, offset by an increase in accrued liabilities and other payables of approximately $61,000, and an increase in investee losses in excess of investment controlled by major shareholders of approximately $14,000.

Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017

The following summarizes the key components of our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:

Net cash flow used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2018 was $1,043,512, which primarily reflected our net loss of approximately $1,062,000, and the changes in operating assets and liabilities primarily consisting of an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of approximately $51,000, and a decrease in salary payable of approximately $30,000, offset by an increase in accrued liabilities and other payables of approximately $61,000, and the add-back of non-cash items consisting of depreciation of approximately $13,000 and loss on equity method investment controlled by major shareholders of approximately $27,000.

Net cash flow used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $426,429, which primarily reflected our net loss of approximately $429,000, and the changes in operating assets and liabilities consisting of a decrease in salary payable of approximately $42,000, offset by a decrease in security deposit of approximately $4,000, a decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets of approximately $22,000, and an increase in accrued liabilities and other payables of approximately $5,000, and the add-back of non-cash items consisting of depreciation of approximately $10,000 and bad debt expense of approximately $3,000.

Net cash flow used in investing activities was $24,858 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to $1,310 for the six months ended June 30, 2017. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we made payments for purchase of property and equipment of approximately $12,000, and made payments for purchase of equity method investment of approximately $12,000. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, we made payments for purchase of property and equipment of approximately $1,000.

Net cash flow provided by financing activities was $1,666,868 for the six months ended June 30, 2018. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we received proceeds from issuance of common shares of approximately $1,661,000 and received proceeds from shareholders’ contribution of approximately $5,000 in funding our operations. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, we did not incur any financing activity.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, we did not generate any revenue and were reliant upon cash received from issuance of common stock and capital contribution from shareholders, to satisfy our operating expenses.

We have certain fixed contractual obligations and commitments that include future estimated payments. Changes in our business needs, cancellation provisions, and other factors may result in actual payments differing from the estimates. We cannot provide certainty regarding the timing and amounts of payments. We have presented below a summary of the most significant assumptions used in our determination of amounts presented in the tables, in order to assist in the review of this information within the context of our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. The following tables summarize our contractual obligations as of June 30, 2018, and the effect these obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods.

Our operations are in China. Thus, our revenues and operating results may be impacted by exchange rate fluctuations between RMB and US dollars. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, we had unrealized foreign currency translation loss of approximately $26,000 and unrealized foreign currency translation gain of approximately $21,000, respectively, because of changes in the exchange rate.

The effect of inflation on our revenue and operating results was not significant.

Our Company was founded on January 4, 2018. We have developed and deployed a series of platforms, including the ETN Counter Business System, the PTN Private Fund Investment Management System, the Personal Mobile Transaction Client System, the PC Transaction Client System, the Individual and Institutional Integrated Account Management System, and the Quantitative Investment Transaction Platform, which comprise a business chain that enables Chinese language speaking hedge funds, mutual funds, registered investment advisors, proprietary trading groups, and brokerage firms to engage in securities market transactions and settlements globally.

We conduct our business through and based on distinct yet integrated business systems designed to provide support for (i) Securities Dealers Trading System (securities registration and clearing, account management, risk management, quick trading and execution, and third party access middleware), (ii) Private Fund Investment Management System (multi-account management, fund valuation, risk management, quantitative trading access, liquidation and requisition management) and (iii) Mobile Transaction Individual Client System and PC Client System (Apple IOS, Android, PC, Web). We assist PRC-based financial institutions in taking part in the overseas securities trading markets by providing them with comprehensive Internet-based securities solutions. These PRC financial institutions, along with Hong Kong broker-dealer customers may “white label” our trading interface (i.e., put their logos on it, make our trading interface available to their customers without referencing our name, as if it were their in house product), or they can select services from among our modular functionalities, such as order routing, trade reporting or clearing on specific products or exchanges where they may not have up-to-date technology to offer their customers a comprehensive range of services and products. We also help Chinese language speaking hedge funds, mutual funds, proprietary trading groups to speed up their integration with the overseas market and offer them additional services, such as fund establishment, issuance, custody, transaction and settlement.

The Electric Trading Network Counter Management System (“ETN”) supports our institutional customers. The system consists of the following business modules:

The Private Fund Trading Network Management System (“PTN”) is an in-house developed system that supports institutional customers. The system consists of the following modules:

Mobile Transaction Individual Client System and PC Client System - As a result of our internal research and development efforts and upgrades, we have developed a mobile application for business transaction and social networking for our broker-dealer customers, and an efficient and fast transaction-only PC client system for their individual investor customers. This system provides the end users with real time comprehensive market information (bid/ask price, volume, breaking news, etc.) access through dedicated cross-border lines. We utilize dedicated Sino-US cross-border lines to provide end users with high-speed and stable market data, help them to apply for market licenses, and provide integrated market information-related solutions to the users, who may choose to pay monthly or yearly. We also provide end users with testing and debugging services.

One-stop broker technology system solution - we provide the following solutions to our broker customers:

One-stop private fund investment management fund solution – for small and medium-sized private funds with a management scale of more than $1 million and less than $100 million, we provide the following one-stop establishment and investment trading solutions to assist with:

Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd was established on June 9, 2015 under the laws of China with registered capital of RMB 10 million (approximately $1.51 million). Its original shareholders were Xiangdong Wen, who owned 75% and Peng Dong, which owned 25%. On January 29, 2016, Gujia increased its registered capital to RMB 20.83 million (approximately $3.15 million). As result of the capital contribution, Xiangdong Wen decreased his equity ownership to 48%, Peng Dong decreased his equity ownership to 12%, added an individual shareholder Zhen Fan, who owned 40%. On June 6, 2016, Gujia increased its registered capital to RMB 26.04 million (approximately $3.94 million). As result of the capital contribution, Xiangdong Wen decreased his equity ownership to 38.4%, Peng Dong decreased his equity ownership to 9.6%, and Zhen Fan decreased his equity ownership to 32%. New shareholders Beijing Yiyi Angel Investment Management Co. Ltd. owned 6.7%, Zhoushan Xianhe Investment Partnership (Limited Partnership) owned 10% and Shanghai Lanhong Investment Management Center (Limited Partnership) owned 3.3%. On November 30, 2017, Peng Dong transferred its 9.6% equity ownership to Xiangdong Wen; Beijing Yiyi Angel Investment Management Co. Ltd. transferred its 6.7% equity ownership to Zhen Fan; Shanghai Lanhong Investment Management Center (Limited Partnership) transferred its 3.3% equity ownership to Zhen Fan, and Zhoushan Xianhe Investment Partnership (Limited Partnership) kept the same equity ownership as before. On January 29, 2018, Xiangdong Wen transferred his 48% equity ownership to MM Future Technology Limited, Zhen Fan transferred his 42% equity ownership to MM Future Technology Limited, Zhoushan Xianhe Investment Partnership (Limited Partnership) transferred its 10% equity ownership to MM Future Technology Limited. MM Future Technology Limited became the sole shareholder of Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co. Ltd. The paid-in capital of Guija (Beijing) Technology Co. Ltd. is RMB 6,752,500.

Over the past several years, China has seen a steady increase in the rate of individual net worth and investment appetite for domestic and overseas equity investments, including an increase in investment demand of private equity funds. As globalization of private wealth continues, it is estimated that the percentage of wealth of Chinese residents will rise from the current 4.8% to around 9.4% by 2020. The new market is estimated at approximately RMB13 trillion.

There are two main channels which can currently be utilized by Chinese investors to invest in the U.S. securities markets:

Many Chinese already have their assets in bank accounts outside China such as in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, U.S., or other countries. These investors may invest these funds in any available investment. We believe that these investors will benefit from a trading platform and service based in Mandarin Chinese.

There are several notable aspects of development of Chinese private fund industry in recent years:

Among 50+ listed brokers on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX), the top ten spots (as measured by market capitalization) are taken by Chinese securities firms. By the end of 2017, 555 licensed corporations were participants on the HKEX, representing an increase of 10.8% over the end of 2016. Most of these new brokers are controlled by financial institutions in Mainland China, and/or wealth management institutions.

The development of financial information technology and the emergence of Internet securities brokers, such as Tigerbroker and Futu Securities, through an innovative Internet product development model, have changed the experience of the Internet trading platforms, by optimizing the account opening process, improving the market response rate, and impacting the traditional retail brokers. Traditional brokers mainly rely on conventional financial system providers for solutions. Financial technology companies provide various financial transaction solutions for their customers, including financial transactions such as online trading, front desk transactions and backstage clearing systems, which charge different costs according to different technical solutions.

There are several types of entities that provide investment system support in the U.S. securities markets for domestic (PRC) brokers and private funds.

For the private funds’ administrator service, there are two types of companies that provide the service:

The Hong Kong market mainly relies on the following four securities system development service companies providing services for traditional securities firms and financial institutions: Hundsun.com Co., Limited, Ayers Solutions Limited, eBroker Systems Limited, and iAsia Online Systems Limited:

In addition to the above-referenced companies, we compete with the following entities for providing services to the private equity/fund industry:

Specifically, as we face increased competition, we also innovate when it comes to attracting new users. The general approach is to, by use of free platform, attract traffic and customers early on in the process, and then establish and maintain an environment connecting various users for which we can then charge our users. In this effort, we:

Many small and medium-sized brokers do not have the capacity for research and development and are unwilling to bear high development costs. A licensed broker wishing to develop its own products and to builds a comprehensive research and development team will need teams of engineers, developers of IOS and Android applications, of PC applications, and websites and online account set-up system. Most small- and medium-sized brokers are reluctant to invest in incur such costs.

We (i) make most technical systems free, open part of the core code, in an effort to build a more open technical platform to help admit more small and medium sized brokers; (ii) modularize products to help small and medium-sized broker customers to carry out development, lower the technical threshold, and facilitate customization; (iii) help small and medium-sized broker customers to deploy the system within one to four weeks to commence business immediately and provide system security solutions and post-maintenance; (iv) provide technical support in Chinese by offering solutions for technical interface with major U.S. exchanges and clearing banks; (v) deliver rapidly iterative products by providing multiple modules of personalized portfolio solutions and a better Internet experience for small and medium-sized broker customers; and (vi) use cloud technology to provide services with more varieties of financial products, to help small and medium-sized brokers to gain competitive advantages in attracting their customers;

Large equity funds tend to set up their accounts through well-known brokers, and choose the services of fund administrators that are highly ranked across the globe. In contrast, small and medium sized private equity funds, especially those at the early stage with assets under management below $20 million, are faced with the following challenges: (i) limited capacity for fundraising at the early stage, typically small AUM of initial fund; (ii) small AUM equity funds makes it hard to cover the initial cost for attorneys and administrators; (iii) unfamiliar with the process for setting up overseas equity funds, lack of related laws and regulations, difficult to open bank accounts and brokerage trading accounts; (iv) loss of oversea growth opportunity. Many fund managers’ domestic customers have already had their own personal investments overseas. It will be easier for these fund managers to attract their investors’ overseas assets and invest in their oversea funds; (v) need tools for marketing and promotion, including brand promotion, as well as further information about overseas market; and vi) failure of overseas investment platform and system support to meet their needs, especially the needs of financial accounting and risk management.

For such funds, we will provide (i) a package solution will optimize the set-up process and reduces the set-up cost to help them to invest in overseas markets; (ii) personal service to help them to solve issues related to the regulations and supervision of overseas funds and account set-up; (iii) completely Chinese language based PTN investment management system, free of charge to provide fund valuation, redemption management, and risk-control financial management system, free estimate of fund value, and a system for risk control and financial management that is customized for China’s private equity funds; (iv) assistance in brand promotion and marketing, by providing additional market information, and organizing industry gatherings to promote their development; and (v) providing quantitative interface and open data to meet needs for access to small scale funds by localizing the U.S. financial industry standards so that more local quantitative funds can be interfaced with the U.S. stock market according to native technical standards.

We believe that the following competitive strengths distinguish us from our competitors:

We will (i) be more open minded, make accessible most of the bottom core code, make accessible the bottom system interface, and complete the most challenging task so as to help customers use simple tools for development on our platform; (ii) quickly develop and update products so as to be in better preparation for changes in the online securities trading industry; (iii) provide more tools for our customers to help them become business partners and help them grow.

Individual investors and private equity funds coming from China and Hong Kong markets are increasingly relying on financial systems developed by traditional system developing companies. Our competitive strengths are primarily in the following areas:

As of December 2017, there were 555 licensed corporations registered at the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, most of which offer trading services in the U.S. and Hong Kong securities to their clients. We aim to offer these and other similarly situated financial services providers with a full spectrum of technical system solutions. Specifically, we intend to open an office in Hong Kong for such future customers and retain local sales force to promote our services in the market and increase our brand exposure. In addition, we intend to increase our sales and marketing teams in Shanghai and Beijing to offer our technical solutions to the PRC private fund industry participants. We also intend to hold conference, educational and other events to promote our brand recognition.

Our technology is critical to our operations. The following are some of our technology development milestones:

We intend to maintain the research and development input in product design at no less than 35% of our company’s total input, and an incentive mechanism for research and development personnel should be formulated to achieve breakthrough in product design stability and security and personalization.

Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. was established on June 9, 2015 by our Chairman of Board, Xiangdong Wen. Our principal offices are located in Beijing, China; we also have a research and development center in Shanghai, China. As of October 22, 2018, we employed 37 people on a full-time basis, comprised of 4 employees in management, 11 employees in sales and marketing, 18 employees in research and development, and 4 employees in administration.

We rely on our technology copyright to protect our domestic business interests and ensure our competitive position in our industry. We have placed a high priority on the management of our intellectual property. Some products that are material to our operating results incorporate technology copyright. Although technology copyright is important to the continued success of our products, we do not believe that our business, as a whole, is dependent on, or that its profitability would be materially affected by the revocation, termination, expiration or infringement upon any particular patent or copyright.

We have applied for software copyright protection in China covering our software technology. We applied to National Copyright Administration of the P.R.C. for 5 software copyrights, which was approved on June 28, 2018.

Our headquarters is located at Room 608A, Air China Century Building, 40 Xiaoyun Road, Chaoyang District, 100020 People’s Republic of China. Our research and development center is located in Shanghai. All of the facilities are leased. We believe our facilities are adequate for our current needs and we do not believe we will encounter any difficulty in extending the terms of the leases by which we occupy our respective premises. A summary description of our facilities locations follows:

We are currently not involved in any legal proceedings; nor are we aware of any claims that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Foreign Currency Exchange. The principal regulations governing foreign currency exchange in China are the Foreign Exchange Administration Regulations (1996), as amended on August 5, 2008, the Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996) and the Interim Measures on Administration on Foreign Debts (2003). Under these regulations, Renminbi are freely convertible for current account items, including the distribution of dividends, interest payments, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not for most capital account items, such as direct investment, loans, repatriation of investment and investment in securities outside China, unless the prior approval of SAFE or its local counterparts is obtained. In addition, any loans to an operating subsidiary in China that is a foreign invested enterprise, cannot, in the aggregate, exceed the difference between its respective approved total investment amount and its respective approved registered capital amount. Furthermore, any foreign loan must be registered with SAFE or its local counterparts for the loan to be effective. Any increase in the amount of the total investment and registered capital must be approved by the MOFCOM or its local counterpart. We may not be able to obtain these government approvals or registrations on a timely basis, if at all, which could result in a delay in the process of making these loans.

The dividends paid by the subsidiary to its shareholder are deemed shareholder income and are taxable in China. Pursuant to the Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), foreign-invested enterprises in China may purchase or remit foreign exchange, subject to a cap approved by SAFE, for settlement of current account transactions without the approval of SAFE. Foreign exchange transactions under the capital account are still subject to limitations and require approvals from, or registration with, SAFE and other relevant Chinese governmental authorities.

Dividend Distribution. The principal regulations governing the distribution of dividends by foreign holding companies include the Company Law of China (1993), as amended in 2013, the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (1986), as amended in 2000, and the Administrative Rules under the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (1990), as amended respectively in 2001 and 2014.

Under these regulations, wholly foreign-owned investment enterprises in China may pay dividends only out of their retained profits, if any, determined in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and regulations. In addition, wholly foreign-owned investment enterprises in China are required to allocate at least 10% of their respective retained profits each year, if any, to fund certain reserve funds unless these reserves have reached 50% of the registered capital of the enterprises. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends, and a wholly foreign-owned enterprise is not permitted to distribute any profits until losses from prior fiscal years have been offset.

Circular 37. On July 4, 2014, SAFE issued Circular 37, which became effective as of July 4, 2014. According to Circular 37, Chinese residents shall apply to SAFE and its branches for going through the procedures for foreign exchange registration of overseas investments before contributing the domestic assets or interests to a SPV. An amendment to registration or filing with the local SAFE branch by such Chinese resident is also required if the registered overseas SPV’s basic information such as domestic individual resident shareholder, name, operating period, or major events such as domestic individual resident capital increase, capital reduction, share transfer or exchange, merger or division has changed. Although the change of overseas funds raised by overseas SPV, overseas investment exercised by overseas SPV and non-cross-border capital flow are not included in Circular 37, we may be required to make foreign exchange registration if required by SAFE and its branches.

Moreover, Circular 37 applies retroactively. As a result, Chinese residents who have contributed domestic assets or interests to a SPV, but failed to complete foreign exchange registration of overseas investments as required prior to implementation of Circular 37, are required to send a letter to SAFE and its branches for explanation. Under the relevant rules, failure to comply with the registration procedures set forth in Circular 37 may result in receiving a warning from SAFE and its branches, and may result in a fine of up to RMB 300,000 for an organization or up to RMB 50,000 for an individual. In the event of failing to register, if capital outflow occurred, a fine up to 30% of the illegal amount may be assessed.

Chinese residents who control our Company are required to register with SAFE in connection with their investments in us. If we use our equity interest to purchase the assets or equity interest of a Chinese company owned by Chinese residents in the future, such Chinese residents will be subject to the registration procedures described in Circular 37.

The following table sets forth our executive officers and directors, their ages and the positions held by them:

Xiangdong Wen has served as the Chairman of the Board of MMTEC since January 2018. Mr. Wen founded Gujia in 2015 and was Gujia’s Chief Executive Officer between June 2015 and January 2016. Mr. Wen has also served as Gujia’s executive director since June 2015. Between May 2012 and May 2015, Mr. Wen served as Chief Executive Officer of Jiazi Investment Co., Ltd, an investment management company. Between February 2015 and June 2015, Mr. Wen served as Chief Operating Officer of Beijing Dongfangjuhe Technology Co., Ltd, providing technology solutions to the broker/dealer industry. Mr. Wen holds a Bachelor’s degree in business management from Communication University of China. Mr. Wen was nominated as a director because of his experience serving in executive positions at companies operating in the financial industry and his extensive knowledge, experience and relationships in China’s financial industry.

Zhen Fan has served as the Chief Executive Officer and Director of MMTEC since January 2018. Mr.Fan has served as Gujia’s Chief Executive Officer since January 2016. Between November 2011 and January 2016, Mr. Fan served as the Chief Operative Officer of Anhui Channel Network Co., Ltd., an internet marketing company. Between June 2009 and October 2011, Mr. Fan served as Content Director of Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co. Ltd, a mobile network media company. Mr. Fan received his Bachelor’s degree in Automation from Yangzhou University and a Master’s degree in Finance from Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (GSCASS). Mr. Fan was nominated as a director because of his operating experience and his extensive knowledge and relationship in media and Internet industry.

Qian Ruan has served as a Director of MMTEC since April 2018. Mr. Ruan has served as the Chief Executive Officer of Beijing Xinda World Technology Co., Ltd since November 2014. Between November 2013 and November 2014, Mr. Ruan served as the Head of Baidu Literature, a division of Baidu, Inc. Mr. Ruan received his Bachelor’s degree in Journalism from Nanjing University. Mr. Ruan was nominated as a director because of his leadership experience servicing the world’s largest Chinese Internet search engine company.

Min Kong has served as the Chief Financial Officer of MMTEC since January 2018. Between June 2015 and January 2018, Mr. Kong served as the Institutional Business Director of Guija (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. Between February 2014 and February 2015, Mr. Kong served as Data Analyst Manager of American Dental Solutions, LLC. Between April 2012 and January 2013, Mr. Kong served as Marketing Manager of Yiwu Yi Jue Trading Company. Mr. Kong received his MBA degree from Missouri State University.

Dongqiang Wang has served as an Independent Director of MMTEC since April 2018. Mr. Wang served as manager of advisory and management consulting of KPMG since October 2016. Between March 2014 and September 2016, Mr. Wang served as assistant CIO and investment director of UCF Group, an integrated financial services provider in China. Mr. Wang holds an MBA degree from Renmin University and a Bachelor’s degree in software engineering of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. Mr. Wang was nominated as a director because of his experience in accounting, financial advisory, and auditing.

Zhengfei Li has served as the Chief Technology Officer of MMTEC since January 2018. Mr. Li has served as the Chief Technology Officer of Guija (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd since June 2015. Between February 2009 and May 2015, Mr. Li served as the Chief Technology Officer of Shanghai Zirandao Information Technology Co., Ltd, a financial technology service company. Mr. Li holds a Bachelor’s degree in Information and Computing Science from Kunming University of Science and Technology. The resigned in August 2018 for personal/health reasons.

Qingshun Meng has served as an Independent Director of MMTEC since April 2018. Mr. Meng has served as management professor at the Communication University of China since 2004. Mr. Meng holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Corporate Management from Shandong Institute of Mining and Technology, and a Bachelor of Science degree in Mining Engineering from Liaoning Technical University. Mr. Meng was member of the comprehensive brand management expert committee of China Association for Quality. Mr. Meng was nominated as a director because of his management knowledge and expertise.

Shuguo Li has served as an Independent Director of MMTEC since April 2018. Mr. Li brings approximately 37 years of financial experience as senior auditor and public accountant. Mr. Li served as a certified public accountant in good standing for 22 years. Between January 1981 and November 2012, Mr. Li served as the Director in charge of Public Affairs audit of Heilongjiang provincial audit office. Mr. Li holds an Associate’s degree in Finance from Heilongjiang Business School. Mr. Li was nominated as a director because his accounting and auditing experience.

Yiqin Zhang has served as an Independent Director of MMTEC since April 2018. Mr. Zhang has served as the Founding Partner of Zhongguancun River Capital, a venture capital company since August 2013. Between January 2012 and August 2013, Mr. Zhang served as the Founding Partner of Beiruan Angel Foundation, a venture capital company located in Beijing, China. Mr. Zhang holds a bachelor degree in Public Administration Management from Capital University of Economics and Business. Mr. Zhang offers his experience serving in founder positions at companies operating in the financial industry and has extensive knowledge, experience and relationships in China’s financial industry. Mr. Zhang was nominated as a director because of his experience in enterprise management, venture capital investment, and fund management.

None of the events listed in Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K has occurred during the past ten years that is material to the evaluation of the ability or integrity of any of our directors, director nominees or executive officers.

Our Board of Directors presently consists of seven directors. Pursuant to our Memorandum and Articles of Association, our officers will be elected by and serve at the discretion of the board. A director will be removed from office automatically if, among other things, the director becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors, or becomes physically or mentally incapable of acting as director. Except as noted above, there are no family relationships between any of our executive officers and directors. Officers are elected by, and serve at the discretion of, the Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors shall hold meetings on at least a quarterly basis.

As a smaller reporting company under the NASDAQ rules we are only required to maintain a Board of Directors comprised of at least 50% independent directors, and an audit committee of at least two members, comprised solely of independent directors who also meet the requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. There are no membership qualifications for directors. Further, there are no share ownership qualifications for directors unless so fixed by us in a general meeting. There are no other arrangements or understandings pursuant to which our directors are selected or nominated.

Our Board of Directors plays a significant role in our risk oversight. The board makes all relevant Company decisions. As such, it is important for us to have our Chief Executive Officer serve on the board as he plays key roles in the risk oversight of our company. As a smaller reporting company with a small Board of Directors, we believe it is appropriate to have the involvement and input of all of our directors in risk oversight matters.

Our board has reviewed the independence of our directors, applying the NASDAQ independence standards. Based on this review, the board determined that each of Qingshun Meng, Yiqin Zhang, Dongqiang Wang and Shuguo Li are “independent” within the meaning of the NASDAQ rules. In making this determination, our board considered the relationships that each of these non-employee directors has with us and all other facts and circumstances our board deemed relevant in determining their independence. As required under applicable NASDAQ rules, we anticipate that our independent directors will meet on a regular basis as often as necessary to fulfill their responsibilities, including at least annually in executive session without the presence of non-independent directors and management.

Under BVI law, our directors have a duty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the care, diligence and skills that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. See “Description of Share Capital—Differences in Corporate Law” for additional information on our directors’ fiduciary duties under BVI law. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our Memorandum and Articles of Association. We have the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached.

Currently, three committees have been established under the board: the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee and the Nominating Committee.

The Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing the accounting and financial reporting processes of our company and audits of the financial statements of our company, including the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of our independent auditors. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors reviews and makes recommendations to the board regarding our compensation policies for our officers and all forms of compensation, and also administers our incentive compensation plans and equity-based plans (but our board retains the authority to interpret those plans). The Nominating Committee of the board is responsible for the assessment of the performance of the Board, considering and making recommendations to the board with respect to the nominations or elections of directors and other governance issues. The nominating committee considers diversity of opinion and experience when nominating directors.

Our Audit Committee consists of Shuguo Li (Chair), Qingshun Meng and Yiqin Zhang. Our board has affirmatively determined that each of the members of the Audit Committee meets the definition of “independent director” for purposes of serving on an Audit Committee under Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and NASDAQ rules. In addition, our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Shuguo Li qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as such term is currently defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K and meets the financial sophistication requirements of the NASDAQ rules.

Our Compensation Committee consists of Yiqin Zhang (Chair), Shuguo Li and Qingshun Meng. Our board has affirmatively determined that each of the members of the Compensation Committee meets the definition of “independent director” for purposes of serving on Compensation Committee under NASDAQ rules.

Our Nominating Committee consists of consists of Qingshun Meng (Chair), Shuguo Li and Yiqin Zhang. Our board has affirmatively determined that each of the members of the Nominating Committee meets the definition of “independent director” for purposes of serving on a Nominating Committee under NASDAQ rules.

Our Board of Directors has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our directors, officers and employees. A copy of this code is available on our website. We intend to disclose on our website any amendments to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and any waivers of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that apply to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller, or persons performing similar functions.

A director may vote, attend a Board of Directors meeting or sign a document on our behalf with respect to any contract or transaction in which he or she is interested. A director must promptly disclose the interest to all other directors after becoming aware of the fact that he or she is interested in a transaction we have entered into or are to enter into. A general notice or disclosure to the Board of Directors or otherwise contained in the minutes of a meeting or a written resolution of the Board of Directors or any committee of the Board of Directors that a director is a shareholder, director, officer or trustee of any specified firm or company and is to be regarded as interested in any transaction with such firm or company will be sufficient disclosure, and, after such general notice, it will not be necessary to give special notice relating to any particular transaction.

The directors may receive such remuneration as our Board of Directors may determine from time to time. Each director is entitled to be repaid or prepaid for all traveling, hotel and incidental expenses reasonably incurred or expected to be incurred in attending meetings of our Board of Directors or committees of our Board of Directors or shareholder meetings or otherwise in connection with the discharge of his or her duties as a director. The compensation committee will assist the directors in reviewing and approving the compensation structure for the directors. Our Board of Directors may exercise all the powers of the company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge our undertakings and property or any part thereof, to issue debentures, debenture stock and other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of the company or of any third party.

BVI law does not limit the extent to which a company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the BVI courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Under our Memorandum and Articles of Association, we may indemnify our directors, officers and liquidators against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with civil, criminal, administrative or investigative proceedings to which they are party or are threatened to be made a party by reason of their acting as our director, officer or liquidator. To be entitled to indemnification, these persons must have acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interest of the company and, in the case of criminal proceedings, they must have had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted for our directors or officers under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable as a matter of United States law.

The following table shows the annual compensation paid by us for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Under Chinese law, we may only terminate employment agreements without cause and without penalty by providing notice of non-renewal one month prior to the date on which the employment agreement is scheduled to expire. If we fail to provide this notice or if we wish to terminate an employment agreement in the absence of cause, then we are obligated to pay the employee one month’s salary for each year we have employed the employee. We are, however, permitted to terminate an employee for cause without penalty to our company, where the employee has committed a crime or the employee’s actions or inactions have resulted in a material adverse effect to us.

On January 11, 2018, we entered into an employment agreement with Zhen Fan pursuant to which he agreed to serve as our Chief Executive Officer. The agreement provides for an annual base salary of RMB120,000 (or approximately USD$18,000) payable in accordance with our company’s ordinary payroll practices. Under the terms of this “at-will” employment agreement, the executive is entitled to receive an annual cash bonus the extent and timing of which are to be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. If the executive’s employment with our company is terminated for any reason, he will be only entitled to the accrued but unpaid base salary compensation.

On January 11, 2018, we entered into an employment agreement with Min Kong pursuant to which he agreed to serve as our Chief Financial Officer. The agreement provides for an annual base salary of RMB180,000 (or approximately USD$27,000) payable in accordance with our company’s ordinary payroll practices. Under the terms of this “at-will” employment agreement, the executive is entitled to receive an annual cash bonus the extent and timing of which are to be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. If the executive’s employment with our company is terminated for any reason, he will be only entitled to the accrued but unpaid base salary compensation.

All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders at which their respective class of directors is re-elected and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. There are no family relationships among our directors or executive officers. Officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Employee directors do not receive any compensation for their services. Non-employee directors are entitled to receive $10,000 per year for serving as directors and may receive option grants from our company. In addition, non-employee directors are entitled to receive compensation for their actual travel expenses for each Board of Directors meeting attended. Our directors received no compensation in 2017. We have entered into independent director agreements with our directors which agreements set forth the terms and provisions of their engagement.

The following is a description of transactions since our inception in June 2015, in which the amount involved in the transaction exceeded or will exceed the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of our total assets as at the year-end for the last two completed fiscal years, and to which any of our directors, executive officers or beneficial holders of more than 5% of our capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

At June 30, 2018, December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the due from related parties amount consisted of the following:

The amounts advanced to related parties were short-term in nature, unsecured, repayable on demand, and bear no interest. The advances were for the purposes of our company’s development and repaid in full in the year ended December 31, 2017. The advance balances as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were zero.

During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, Gujia’s shareholders made some contributions to our company for working capital needs (See Note 8 in NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS for details).

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, Zhen Fan, who is the Chief Executive Officer and 16.2% shareholder of our company, and a 2.0% shareholder of our company, made contributions with the amount of $3,834 and $1,614, respectively, to the Company for working capital needs (See Note 9 in NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS for details).

On March 28, 2018, the Company acquired a 24.9% interest in MMBD Trading by cash payment of $12,450. The remaining 75.1% of MMBD Trading was owned by 36.4% shareholders of the Company. For the period from March 28, 2018 (date of investment) through June 30, 2018, the Company recorded its share of MMBD Trading's net loss of $26,506 in loss on equity method investment controlled by major shareholders. As of June 30, 2018, the Company's proportionate share of the losses of MMBD Trading exceeds its investment in MMBD Trading by $14,056 (See Note 6 in NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS for details).

The following tables set forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common shares and as adjusted to reflect the sale of the common shares offered by us in our initial public offering, for:

We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC. Under such rules, beneficial ownership includes any common shares over which the individual has sole or shared voting power or investment power as well as any common shares that the individual has the right to subscribe for within 60 days of October 19, 2018, through the exercise of any warrants or other rights. Except as indicated by the footnotes below, we believe, based on the information furnished to us, that the persons and entities named in the table below have sole voting and investment power or the power to receive the economic benefit with respect to all common shares that they beneficially own, subject to applicable community property laws. None of the shareholders listed in the table are a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker dealer. None of the shareholders listed in the table are located in the United States and none of the common shares held by them are located in the United States.

Applicable percentage ownership prior to the offering is based on 18,000,000 common shares outstanding at October 19, 2018. The table also lists the percentage ownership after this offering based on 19,800,000 common shares outstanding immediately after the completion of this offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional common shares from us in this offering. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Room 608, Air China Century Building, 40 Xiaoyun Road, Chaoyang District, 100020 China.

As of October 19, 2018, there were 14 holders of record entered in our share register, of which no holders were U.S. residents. The number of individual holders of record is based exclusively upon our share register and does not address whether a common share or common shares may be held by the holder of record on behalf of more than one person or institution who may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of a common share or common shares in our company.

To our knowledge, no other shareholder beneficially owns more than 5% of our common shares. Our company is not owned or controlled directly or indirectly by any government or by any corporation or by any other natural or legal person severally or jointly. Our major shareholders do not have any special voting rights.

We were incorporated as a BVI business company under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 as amended, in the BVI on January 4, 2018 under the name “MMTEC, INC.” As of the date of this prospectus, we are authorized to issue a maximum of 500,000,000 common shares, of US$0.001 par value each. The following are summaries of the material provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association; a copy of these documents are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part of.

All of our issued common shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Certificates evidencing the common shares are issued in registered form. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the BVI may freely hold and vote their common shares.

At the completion of this offering, there will be 55,800,000 and 19,800,000 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively. If the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional common shares from us, at the completion of this offering, there would be 56,070,000 and 20,070,000 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively.

The holders of our common shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by our Board of Directors subject to the BVI Act.

Any action required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders must be effected at a duly called meeting of the shareholders entitled to vote on such action or may be effected by a resolution in writing. At each meeting of shareholders, each shareholder who is present in person or by proxy (or, in the case of a shareholder being a corporation, by its duly authorized representative) will have one vote for each common share that such shareholder holds.

Delaware law permits cumulative voting for the election of directors only if expressly authorized in the certificate of incorporation. The laws of the BVI, however, do not specifically prohibit or restrict the creation of cumulative voting rights for the election of our directors. Cumulative voting is not a concept that is accepted as a common practice in the BVI, and we have made no provisions in our Memorandum and Articles of Association to allow cumulative voting for elections of directors.

We must provide written notice of all meetings of shareholders, stating the time, place at least 7 days before the date of the proposed meeting to those persons whose names appear as shareholders in the register of members on the date of the notice and are entitled to vote at the meeting. Our Board of Directors shall call a meeting of shareholders upon the written request of shareholders holding at least 30% of our outstanding voting common shares. In addition, our Board of Directors may call a meeting of shareholders on its own motion. A meeting of shareholders may be called on short notice if at least 90% of the common shares entitled to vote on the matters to be considered at the meeting have waived notice of the meeting, and presence at the meeting shall be deemed to constitute waiver for this purpose.

At any meeting of shareholders, a quorum will be present if there are shareholders present in person or by proxy representing not less than one-third of the issued common shares entitled to vote on the resolutions to be considered at the meeting. Such quorum may be represented by only a single shareholder or proxy. If no quorum is present within two hours of the start time of the meeting, the meeting shall be dissolved if it was requested by shareholders. In any other case, the meeting shall be adjourned to the next business day, and if shareholders representing not less than one-third of the votes of the common shares or each class of securities entitled to vote on the matters to be considered at the meeting are present within one hour of the start time of the adjourned meeting, a quorum will be present. If not, the meeting will be dissolved. No business may be transacted at any meeting of shareholders unless a quorum is present at the commencement of business. If present, the chair of our Board of Directors shall be the chair presiding at any meeting of the shareholders. If the chair of our board is not present then the shareholders present shall choose to chair the meeting of the shareholders.

A corporation that is a shareholder shall be deemed for the purpose of our Memorandum and Association to be present in person if represented by its duly authorized representative. This duly authorized representative shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which he represents as that corporation could exercise if it were our individual shareholder.

The BVI Act offers some limited protection of minority shareholders. The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may apply to the BVI court for an order directing the company or its director(s) to comply with, or restraining the company or a director from engaging in conduct that contravenes, the BVI Act or the company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association. Under the BVI Act, the minority shareholders have a statutory right to bring a derivative action in the name of and on behalf of the company in circumstances where a company has a cause of action against its directors. This remedy is available at the discretion of the BVI court. A shareholder may also bring an action against the company for breach of duty owed to him as a member. A shareholder who considers that the affairs of the company have been, are being or likely to be, conducted in a manner that is, or any act or acts of the company have been, or are, likely to be oppressive, unfairly discriminatory, or unfairly prejudicial to him in that capacity, may apply to the BVI court for an order to remedy the situation.

There are common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English company law. Under the general rule pursuant to English company law known as the rule in Foss v. Harbottle, a court will generally refuse to interfere with the management of a company at the insistence of a minority of its shareholders who express dissatisfaction with the conduct of the company’s affairs by the majority or the Board of Directors. However, every shareholder is entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted properly according to BVI law and the constituent documents of the company. As such, if those who control the company have persistently disregarded the requirements of company law or the provisions of the company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association, then the courts may grant relief. Generally, the areas in which the courts will intervene are the following: (1) an act complained of which is outside the scope of the authorized business or is illegal or not capable of ratification by the majority; (2) acts that constitute fraud on the minority where the wrongdoers control the company; (3) acts that infringe or are about to infringe on the personal rights of the shareholders, such as the right to vote; and (4) where the company has not complied with provisions requiring approval of a special or extraordinary majority of shareholders.

There are no pre-emptive rights applicable to the issue by us of new common shares under either BVI law or our Memorandum and Articles of Association.

Subject to the restrictions in our Memorandum and Articles of Association, the lock-up agreements with our underwriters described in “Common Shares Eligible for Future Sale—Lock-Up Agreements” and applicable securities laws, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her common shares by written instrument of transfer signed by the transferor and containing the name and address of the transferee. Our Board of Directors may resolve by resolution to refuse or delay the registration of the transfer of any common share. If our Board of Directors resolves to refuse or delay any transfer, it shall specify the reasons for such refusal in the resolution. Our directors may not resolve or refuse or delay the transfer of a common share unless: (a) the person transferring the common shares has failed to pay any amount due in respect of any of those common shares; or (b) such refusal or delay is deemed necessary or advisable in our view or that of our legal counsel in order to avoid violation of, or in order to ensure compliance with, any applicable, corporate, securities and other laws and regulations.

As permitted by BVI law and our Memorandum and Articles of Association, the company may be voluntarily liquidated by a resolution of members or, if permitted under section 199(2) of the BVI Act, by a resolution of directors if we have no liabilities or we are able to pay our debts as they fall due and the value of our assets equals or exceeds our liabilities by resolution of directors and resolution of shareholders.

Our Board of Directors may, on the terms established at the time of the issuance of such common shares or as otherwise agreed, make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their common shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified time of payment. The common shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid are subject to forfeiture. For the avoidance of doubt, if the issued common shares have been fully paid in accordance with the terms of its issuance and subscription, the Board of Directors shall not have the right to make calls on such fully paid common shares and such fully paid common shares shall not be subject to forfeiture.

Subject to the provisions of the BVI Act, we may issue common shares on terms that are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders, on such terms and in such manner as may be determined by our Memorandum and Articles of Association and subject to any applicable requirements imposed from time to time by, the BVI Act, the SEC, the NASDAQ Capital Market, or by any recognized stock exchange on which our securities are listed.

If at any time, the company is authorized to issue more than one class of common shares, all or any of the rights attached to any class of shares may be amended only with the consent in writing of or by a resolution passed at a meeting of not less than 50 percent of the shares of the class to be affected.

Changes in the number of common shares we are authorized to issue and those in issue

We may from time to time by a resolution of shareholders or resolution of our Board of Directors:

We are not entitled to sell the common shares of a shareholder who is untraceable.

Under BVI Law, holders of our common shares are entitled, upon giving written notice to us, to inspect (i) our Memorandum and Articles of Association, (ii) the register of members, (iii) the register of directors and (iv) minutes of meetings and resolutions of members, and to make copies and take extracts from the documents and records. However, our directors can refuse access if they are satisfied that to allow such access would be contrary to our interests. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

There are no limitations imposed by our Memorandum and Articles of Association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our common shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our Memorandum and Articles of Association governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

Our Memorandum and Articles of Association authorizes our Board of Directors to issue additional common shares from authorized but unissued common shares, to the extent available, from time to time as our Board of Directors shall determine.

The BVI Act and the laws of the BVI affecting BVI companies like us and our shareholders differ from laws applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the laws of the BVI applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.

Under the laws of the BVI, two or more companies may merge or consolidate in accordance with Part IX 170 of the BVI Act. A merger means the merging of two or more constituent companies into one of the constituent companies and a consolidation means the uniting of two or more constituent companies into a new company. In order to merge or consolidate, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which must be authorized by a resolution of shareholders. While a director may vote on the plan of merger or consolidation even if he has a financial interest in the plan, the interested director must disclose the interest to all other directors of the company promptly upon becoming aware of the fact that he is interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the company. A transaction entered into by our company in respect of which a director is interested (including a merger or consolidation) is voidable by us unless the director’s interest was (a) disclosed to the board prior to the transaction or (b) the transaction is (i) between the director and the company and (ii) the transaction is in the ordinary course of the company’s business and on usual terms and conditions. Notwithstanding the above, a transaction entered into by the company is not voidable if the material facts of the interest are known to the shareholders and they approve or ratify it or the company received fair value for the transaction. In any event, all shareholders must be given a copy of the plan of merger or consolidation irrespective of whether they are entitled to vote at the meeting to approve the plan of merger or consolidation. The shareholders of the constituent companies are not required to receive shares of the surviving or consolidated company but may receive debt obligations or other securities of the surviving or consolidated company, other assets, or a combination thereof. Further, some or all of the shares of a class or series may be converted into a kind of asset while the other shares of the same class or series may receive a different kind of asset. As such, not all the shares of a class or series must receive the same kind of consideration. After the plan of merger or consolidation has been approved by the directors and authorized by a resolution of the shareholders, articles of merger or consolidation are executed by each company and filed with the Registrar of Corporate Affairs in the BVI. A shareholder may dissent from a mandatory redemption of his shares, pursuant to an arrangement (if permitted by the court), a merger (unless the shareholder was a shareholder of the surviving company prior to the merger and continues to hold the same or similar shares after the merger) or a consolidation. A shareholder properly exercising his dissent rights is entitled to a cash payment equal to the fair value of his shares.

A shareholder dissenting from a merger or consolidation must object in writing to the merger or consolidation before the vote by the shareholders on the merger or consolidation, unless notice of the meeting was not given to the shareholder. If the merger or consolidation is approved by the shareholders, the company must give notice of this fact to each shareholder who gave written objection within 20 days following the date of shareholders’ approval. These shareholders then have 20 days from the date of the notice to give to the company their written election in the form specified by the BVI Act to dissent from the merger or consolidation, provided that in the case of a merger, the 20 days starts when the plan of merger is delivered to the shareholder. Upon giving notice of his election to dissent, a shareholder ceases to have any shareholder rights except the right to be paid the fair value of his shares. As such, the merger or consolidation may proceed in the ordinary course notwithstanding his dissent. Within seven days of the later of the delivery of the notice of election to dissent and the effective date of the merger or consolidation, the company must make a written offer to each dissenting shareholder to purchase his shares at a specified price per share that the company determines to be the fair value of the shares. The company and the shareholder then have 30 days to agree upon the price. If the company and a shareholder fail to agree on the price within the 30 days, then the company and the shareholder shall, within 20 days immediately following the expiration of the 30-day period, each designate an appraiser and these two appraisers shall designate a third appraiser. These three appraisers shall fix the fair value of the shares as of the close of business on the day prior to the shareholders’ approval of the transaction without considering any change in value as a result of the transaction.

There are both statutory and common law remedies available to our shareholders as a matter of BVI law. These are summarized below.

A shareholder who considers that the affairs of the company have been, are being, or are likely to be, conducted in a manner that is, or any act or acts of the company have been, or are, likely to be oppressive, unfairly discriminatory or unfairly prejudicial to him in that capacity, can apply to the court under Section 184I of the BVI Act, inter alia, for an order that his common shares be acquired, that he be provided compensation, that the Court regulate the future conduct of the company, or that any decision of the company which contravenes the BVI Act or our Memorandum and Articles of Association be set aside.

Section 184C of the BVI Act provides that a shareholder of a company may, with the leave of the Court, bring an action in the name of the company to redress any wrong done to it.

In addition to the statutory remedies outlined above, shareholders can also petition for the winding up of a company on the grounds that it is just and equitable for the court to so order. Save in exceptional circumstances, this remedy is only available where the company has been operated as a quasi partnership and trust and confidence between the partners has broken down.

Indemnification of directors and executive officers and limitation of liability

BVI law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any provision providing indemnification may be held by the BVI courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Under our Memorandum and Articles of Association, we indemnify against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings for any person who:

These indemnities only apply if the person acted honestly and in good faith with a view to our best interests and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the person had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Some provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or management that shareholders may consider favorable. However, under BVI law, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our Memorandum and Articles of Association, as amended and restated from time to time, as they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our company.

Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction.

The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He must not use his corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.

Under BVI law, our directors owe the company certain statutory and fiduciary duties including, among others, a duty to act honestly, in good faith, for a proper purpose and with a view to what the directors believe to be in the best interests of the company. Our directors are also required, when exercising powers or performing duties as a director, to exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonable director would exercise in comparable circumstances, considering without limitation, the nature of the company, the nature of the decision and the position of the director and the nature of the responsibilities undertaken. In the exercise of their powers, our directors must ensure neither they nor the company acts in a manner which contravenes the BVI Act or our Memorandum and Articles of Association, as amended and restated from time to time. A shareholder has the right to seek damages for breaches of duties owed to us by our directors.

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. BVI law provides that shareholders may approve corporate matters by way of a written resolution without a meeting signed by or on behalf of shareholders sufficient to constitute the requisite majority of shareholders who would have been entitled to vote on such matter at a general meeting; provided that if the consent is less than unanimous, notice must be given to all non-consenting shareholders.

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the Board of Directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings. BVI law and our Memorandum and Articles of Association allow our shareholders holding not less than 30% of the votes of the outstanding voting common shares to requisition a shareholders’ meeting. We are not obliged by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings, but our Memorandum and Articles of Association do permit the directors to call such a meeting. The location of any shareholders’ meeting can be determined by the Board of Directors and can be held anywhere in the world.

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a Board of Directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. The BVI law does not expressly permit cumulative voting for directors, our Memorandum and Articles of Association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our Memorandum and Articles of Association, directors can be removed from office, with or without cause, by a resolution of shareholders called for the purpose of removing the director or for purposes including the removal of the director or by written resolution passed by at least 50 % of the votes of the shareholders of the company. Directors can also be removed by a resolution of directors passed at a meeting of directors called for the purpose of removing the director or for purposes including the removal of the director.

The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware public corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting shares within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the Board of Directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware public corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s Board of Directors. BVI law has no comparable statute and our Memorandum and Articles of Association do not expressly provide for the same protection afforded by the Delaware business combination statute.

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the Board of Directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the Board of Directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board. Under the BVI Act and our Memorandum and Articles of Association, we may appoint a voluntary liquidator by a resolution of the shareholders.

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our Memorandum and Articles of Association, if at any time our shares are divided into different classes of shares, the rights attached to any class may only be varied, whether or not our company is in liquidation, with the consent in writing of or by a resolution passed at a meeting by a majority of the votes cast by those entitled to vote at a meeting of the holders of the issued shares in that class.

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s governing documents may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. As permitted by BVI law, our Memorandum and Articles of Association may be amended by a resolution of shareholders and, subject to certain exceptions, by a resolution of directors. An amendment is effective from the date it is registered at the Registry of Corporate Affairs in the BVI.

Vstock Transfer is our company’s stock transfer agent. Vstock’s contact information is Vstock Transfer, LLC, 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, NY 11598, tel. (212) 828-8436.

Before our initial public offering, there has not been a public market for our common shares. Future sales of substantial amounts of our common shares in the public market after our initial public offering, or the possibility of these sales occurring, could cause the prevailing market price for our common shares to fall or impair our ability to raise equity capital in the future. We are unable to estimate the number of common shares that may be sold in the future.

Upon the completion of this offering, we will have outstanding 19,800,000 common shares. The amount of shares outstanding upon completion of this offering assumes no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional common shares. All of the common shares sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act unless purchased by one of our affiliates as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, which generally includes directors, officers or 10% stockholders.

Our executive officers, directors and shareholders of 1% and more of our outstanding common shares have agreed with the underwriters not to offer, sell, dispose of or hedge our common shares, subject to specified limited exceptions and extensions described elsewhere in this prospectus, during the period continuing through the date that is six months (subject to extension) after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of WestPark on behalf of the underwriters. WestPark in its sole discretion on behalf of the underwriters, may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time without notice. The lock-up period may be extended in the circumstances described under “Underwriting.”

Common shares held by any of our affiliates, as that term is defined in Rule 144 of the Securities Act, as well as common shares held by our current shareholders, may be resold only pursuant to further registration under the Securities Act or in transactions that are exempt from registration under the Securities Act. In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, beginning 180 days after our Form F-1 Registration Statement becomes effective, any of our affiliates would be entitled to sell, without further registration, within any three-month period a number of common shares that does not exceed the greater of:

Sales under Rule 144 by our affiliates will also be subject to manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.

The following sets forth the material BVI, Chinese and U.S. federal income tax matters related to an investment in our common shares. It is directed to U.S. Holders (as defined below) of our common shares and is based on laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this prospectus, all of which are subject to change. This description does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our common shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws. DeHeng Law Offices, our counsel as to the PRC laws and regulations, advised us with respect to the PRC taxation matters and the below referenced discussion constitutes their opinion as to such matters. Ogier, our counsel as to the BVI law, advised us on the BVI taxation matters and their opinion is set forth in the discussion below. Schiff Hardin LLP, our counsel as to the U.S. laws, rules and regulations, advised us on, among other things, on the U.S. taxation matters and their opinion is also set forth below. The following brief description applies only to U.S. Holders (defined below) that hold common shares as capital assets and that have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. This brief description is based on the tax laws of the United States in effect as of the date of this prospectus and on U.S. Treasury regulations in effect or, in some cases, proposed, as of the date of this prospectus, as well as judicial and administrative interpretations thereof available on or before such date. All of the foregoing authorities are subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described below. The brief description below of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to “U.S. Holders” will apply to you if you are a beneficial owner of common shares and you are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

WE URGE POTENTIAL PURCHASERS OF OUR COMMON SHARES TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS CONCERNING THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, OWNING AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON SHARES.

According to the Enterprise Income Tax Law of PRC (the “EIT Law”), which was promulgated on March 16, 2007, last amended in February 2017 and became effective as of January 1, 2008, the income tax for both domestic and foreign-invested enterprises is at a uniform rate of 25%. The Regulation on the Implementation of Enterprise Income Tax Law of the PRC (the “EIT Rules”) was promulgated on December 6, 2007 and became effective on January 1, 2008. On April 14, 2008, the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Finance and State Administration of Taxation enacted the Administrative Measures for Certifying High and New Technology Enterprises (the “Certifying Measures”), which retroactively became effective on January 1, 2008 and was amended on January 29, 2016. Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co. LTD. and Meimei Zhengtong were recognized as the small low-profit enterprises and received a preferential income tax of 10% the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017. Under the EIT Law, an enterprise established outside of China with a “de facto management body” within China is considered a “resident enterprise”, which means that it is treated in a manner similar to a Chinese enterprise for enterprise income tax purposes. Although the implementation rules of the EIT Law define “de facto management body” as a managing body that exercises substantive and overall management and control over the production and business, personnel, accounting books and assets of an enterprise, the only official guidance for this definition currently available is set forth in Circular 82 issued by the State Administration of Taxation, at April 22, 2009 which provides that a foreign enterprise controlled by a PRC company or a PRC company group will be classified as a “resident enterprise” with its “de facto management bodies” located within China if the following criteria are satisfied:

We do not believe that we meet the conditions outlined in the preceding paragraph since we do not have a PRC enterprise or enterprise group as our primary controlling shareholder. In addition, we are not aware of any offshore holding companies with a corporate structure similar to our company that has been deemed a PRC “resident enterprise” by the PRC tax authorities.

If we are deemed a China resident enterprise, we may be subject to the EIT at the rate of 25% on our global income, except that the dividends we receive from our Chinese subsidiaries may be exempt from the EIT to the extent such dividends are deemed dividends among qualified resident enterprises. If we are considered a resident enterprise and earn income other than dividends from our Chinese subsidiaries, a 25% EIT on our global income could significantly increase our tax burden and materially and adversely affect our cash flow and profitability.

Pursuant to the Provisional Regulations on Value-added Tax (VAT) of the PRC last amended on February 6, 2016 and became effective from January 1, 2009 and the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulation of China on VAT last amended on October 28, 2011 and effective as of November 1, 2011, all entities or individuals in the PRC engaging in the sale of goods, the provision of processing services, repairs and replacement services, and the importation of goods are required to pay VAT.

According to the requirements of the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Implementing the Pilot Program of Replacing Business Tax with Value-Added Tax in an All-round Manner (Cai Shui [2016] Document No. 36) and the annexes thereto, namely The Measures for Implementing the Pilot Program of Replacing Business Tax with Value-Added Tax, the Provisions on Relevant Matters concerning the Pilot Program of Replacing Business Tax with Value-Added Tax, the Provisions on the Transitional Policies for the Pilot Program of Replacing Business Tax with Value-Added Tax, and the Provisions on the Application of VAT Zero Rate and VAT Exemption Policy to Cross-border Taxable Activities, effective from 1 May 2016, the pilot program of replacing business tax with value-added tax was implemented across the country, and the payment of business tax for taxpayers in the construction industry, the real estate industry, the financial industry, and the living service industry shall be replaced with the payment of value-added tax at 6%.

The company and all distributions, interest and other amounts paid by the company in respect of the common shares of the company to persons who are not resident in the BVI are exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Ordinance in the BVI.

No estate, inheritance, succession or gift tax, rate, duty, levy or other charge is payable by persons who are not resident in the BVI with respect to any common shares, debt obligations or other securities of the company.

All instruments relating to transactions in respect of the common shares, debt obligations or other securities of the company and all instruments relating to other transactions relating to the business of the company are exempt from payment of stamp duty in the BVI provided that they do not relate to real estate in the BVI.

There are currently no withholding taxes or exchange control regulations in the BVI applicable to the company or its shareholders.

The following does not address the tax consequences to any particular investor or to persons in special tax situations such as:

Prospective purchasers are urged to consult their tax advisors about the application of the U.S. Federal tax rules to their particular circumstances as well as the state, local, foreign and other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common shares.

Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, the gross amount of distributions made by us to you with respect to the common shares (including the amount of any taxes withheld therefrom) will generally be includable in your gross income as dividend income on the date of receipt by you, but only to the extent that the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). With respect to corporate U.S. Holders, to the extent that the amount of the distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), it will be treated first as a tax-free return of your tax basis in your common shares, and to the extent the amount of the distribution exceeds your tax basis, the excess will be taxed as capital gain. We do not intend to calculate our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, a U.S. Holder should expect that a distribution will be treated as a dividend even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as capital gain under the rules described above. The dividends will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations.

With respect to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individual U.S. Holders, dividends will be taxed at the lower capital gains rate applicable to qualified dividend income, provided that (1) the common shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, or we are eligible for the benefits of an approved qualifying income tax treaty with the United States that includes an exchange of information program, (2) we are not a passive foreign investment company (as discussed below) for either our taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year, and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. Under U.S. Internal Revenue Service authority, our common shares will be considered for purpose of clause (1) above to be readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States if they are listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market. You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for dividends paid with respect to our common shares, including the effects of any change in law after the date of this prospectus.

Dividends on our common shares will constitute foreign source income for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. If the dividends are taxed as qualified dividend income (as discussed above), the amount of the dividend considered for purposes of calculating the foreign tax credit limitation will be limited to the gross amount of the dividend, multiplied by the reduced rate divided by the highest rate of tax normally applicable to dividends. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends distributed by us with respect to our common shares will constitute “passive category income” but could, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, constitute “general category income.”

Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of common shares equal to the difference between the amount realized (in U.S. dollars) for the share and your tax basis (in U.S. dollars) in the common shares. The gain or loss will be capital gain or loss. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder, including an individual U.S. Holder, who has held the common shares for more than one year, you will be eligible for the capital gains tax rate of 20% (or lower for individuals in lower tax brackets). The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any such gain or loss that you recognize will generally be treated as United States source income or loss for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.

Based on our current and anticipated operations and the composition of our assets, we do not expect to be a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for our current taxable year ending December 31, 2017. Our actual PFIC status for the current taxable years ending December 31, 2017 will not be determinable until after the close of such year and, accordingly, there is no guarantee that we will not be a PFIC for the current year. PFIC status is a factual determination for each taxable year which cannot be made until the close of the taxable year. A non-U.S. corporation is considered a PFIC for any taxable year if either:

We will be treated as owning our proportionate share of the assets and earning our proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, at least 25% (by value) of the stock. We must make a separate determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC. As a result, our PFIC status may change. In particular, because the value of our assets for purposes of the asset test will generally be determined based on the market price of our common shares, our PFIC status will depend in large part on the market price of our common shares. Accordingly, fluctuations in the market price of the common shares may cause us to become a PFIC. In addition, the application of the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty in several respects and the composition of our income and assets will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend the cash we raise in this offering. If we are a PFIC for any year during which you hold common shares, we will continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which you hold common shares. However, if we cease to be a PFIC, you may avoid some of the adverse effects of the PFIC regime by making a “deemed sale” election with respect to the common shares.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold common shares, you will be subject to special tax rules with respect to any “excess distribution” that you receive and any gain you realize from a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of the common shares, unless you make a “mark-to-market” election as discussed below. Distributions you receive in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions you received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the common shares will be treated as an excess distribution. Under these special tax rules:

A U.S. Holder of “marketable stock” (as defined below) in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election for such stock to elect out of the tax treatment discussed above. If you make a mark-to-market election for the common shares, you will include in income each year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the common shares as of the close of your taxable year over your adjusted basis in such common shares. You are allowed a deduction for the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the common shares over their fair market value as of the close of the taxable year. However, deductions are allowable only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains on the common shares included in your income for prior taxable years. Amounts included in your income under a mark-to-market election, as well as gain on the actual sale or other disposition of the common shares, are treated as ordinary income. Ordinary loss treatment also applies to the deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss on the common shares, as well as to any loss realized on the actual sale or disposition of the common shares, to the extent that the amount of such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included for such common shares. Your basis in the common shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts. If you make a valid mark-to-market election, the tax rules that apply to distributions by corporations that are not PFICs would apply to distributions by us, except that the lower applicable capital gains rate for qualified dividend income discussed above under “Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on our Common Shares” generally would not apply.

The mark-to-market election is available only for “marketable stock”, which is stock that is traded in other than de minimis quantities on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter (“regularly traded”) on a qualified exchange or other market (as defined in applicable U.S. Treasury regulations), including the NASDAQ Capital Market. If the common shares are regularly traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market and if you are a holder of common shares, the mark-to-market election would be available to you were we to be or become a PFIC.

Alternatively, a U.S. Holder of stock in a PFIC may make a “qualified electing fund” election with respect to such PFIC to elect out of the tax treatment discussed above. A U.S. Holder who makes a valid qualified electing fund election with respect to a PFIC will generally include in gross income for a taxable year such holder’s pro rata share of the corporation’s earnings and profits for the taxable year. However, the qualified electing fund election is available only if such PFIC provides such U.S. Holder with certain information regarding its earnings and profits as required under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. We do not currently intend to prepare or provide the information that would enable you to make a qualified electing fund election. If you hold common shares in any year in which we are a PFIC, you will be required to file U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 regarding distributions received on the common shares and any gain realized on the disposition of the common shares.

You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to your investment in our common shares and the elections discussed above.

Dividend payments with respect to our common shares and proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of our common shares may be subject to information reporting to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and possible U.S. backup withholding at a current rate of 28%. Backup withholding will not apply, however, to a U.S. Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification on U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. U.S. Holders who are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. information reporting and backup withholding rules.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and furnishing any required information.

We are incorporated under the laws of the BVI with limited liability. We are incorporated in the BVI because of certain benefits associated with being a BVI company, such as political and economic stability, an effective judicial system, a favorable tax system, the absence of exchange control or currency restrictions and the availability of professional and support services. However, the BVI has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and provides protections for investors to a significantly lesser extent. In addition, BVI companies may not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.

Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of our directors and officers are nationals and/or residents of countries other than the United States, and all or a substantial portion of such persons’ assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or such persons or to enforce against them or against us, judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof.

We have appointed Vcorp. Services as our agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York under the federal securities laws of the United States or of any State of the United States or any action brought against us in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in the County of New York under the securities laws of the State of New York.

DeHeng Law Offices, our counsel as to Chinese law, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of China would (1) recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or such persons predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof, or (2) be competent to hear original actions brought in each respective jurisdiction, against us or such persons predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof. Our PRC counsel has advised us that the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are regulated by the Chinese Civil Procedure Law. Chinese courts may recognize and enforce foreign judgments in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese Civil Procedure Law based either on treaties between China and the country where the judgment is made or in reciprocity between jurisdictions. China does not have any treaties or other agreements with the BVI or the United States that provide for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. Our PRC counsel has further advised us that under PRC law, PRC courts will not enforce a foreign judgment against us or our officers and directors if the court decides that such judgment violates the basic principles of PRC law or national sovereignty, security or social public interest.

We have been advised by Ogier, our counsel as to BVI law, that the United States and the BVI do not have a treaty providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts of the United States in civil and commercial matters and that a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any general or state court in the United States based on civil liability, whether or not predicated solely upon the U.S. federal securities laws, would not be automatically be enforceable in the BVI.

Prior to this offering, there has not been a public market for our securities in the United States. The public offering price for our common shares will be determined through negotiations between us and the representative. Among the factors to be considered in these negotiations will be prevailing market conditions, our financial information, market valuations of other companies that we and the underwriters believe to be comparable to us, estimates of our business potential, the present state of our development and other factors deemed relevant. We offer no assurances that the initial public offering price will correspond to the price at which our securities will trade in the public market subsequent to this offering or that an active trading market for our securities will develop and continue after this offering.

We have entered into an underwriting agreement with WestPark Capital, Inc. dated [ ] to act as representative for the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, the underwriters named below have agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell to them, the number of our common shares at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and as indicated below:

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the common shares offered by this prospectus are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by their counsel and to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the common shares offered by this prospectus if any such common shares are taken. However, the underwriters are not required to take or pay for the common shares covered by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional common shares described below.

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.

The underwriters will initially offer the common shares to be sold in this offering directly to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus and to selected dealers at the initial public offering price less a selling concession not in excess of $[ ] per share. After the offering, the underwriters may change the offering price and other selling terms. No change in those terms will change the amount of proceeds to be received by us as set forth on the cover of this prospectus.

We have applied to list our common shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MMTC.” We cannot guarantee that we will be successful in listing the common shares; however, we will not complete this offering unless we are so listed.

We have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to 270,000 additional common shares at the public offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus, less underwriting discounts and commissions. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter will become obligated, subject to certain conditions, to purchase about the same percentage of the additional common shares as the number listed next to the underwriter’s name in the preceding table bears to the total number of common shares listed next to the names of all underwriters in the preceding table.

The following table shows the per share and total initial public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions, and proceeds before expenses to us. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to an additional 270,000 common shares.

We will also pay to the underwriters by deduction from the net proceeds of the offering contemplated herein, an expense allowance equal to 1.5% of the gross proceeds from the offering. We paid $50,000 of this amount as an accountable retainer with the remainder to be non-accountable. In addition, we have agreed to pay the underwriters up to an additional $25,000 for certain costs and expenses incurred by the underwriters in connection with this offering, as provided in the underwriting agreement.

We shall also be responsible for all expenses relating to the offering, including, without limitation, (a) all filing fees and communication expenses relating to the registration of the common shares to be sold in the offering with the SEC; (b) all costs associated with Financial Industry Regulatory Authority qualification; (c) all fees and expenses relating to the listing of such common shares on a mutually acceptable stock exchange; (d) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration or qualification of such common shares under the “blue sky” securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions as the representative may reasonably designate; (e) fees and expenses of the transfer agent for such common shares; (f) fees of our legal counsel; (g) costs associated with accounting and other professional services (including background checks for our Directors and executive officers) (h) stock transfer taxes, if any, payable upon the transfer of securities from us to the underwriters; (i) roadshow and travel-related out-of-pocket expenses; and (j) other expenses customarily paid by issuers in public offerings.

We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, excluding the underwriting discounts and commissions and non-accountable expense allowance, will be approximately $800,000.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common shares. The initial public offering price of the common shares has been negotiated between us and the underwriters. Among the factors considered in determining the initial public offering price of the common shares, in addition to the prevailing market conditions, are our historical performance, estimates of our business potential and earnings prospects, an assessment of our management and the consideration of the above factors in relation to market valuation of companies in related businesses.

We have agreed with the underwriters in this offering to establish an escrow account in the United States and to fund such account with $500,000 from this offering that may be utilized by the underwriters to fund any bona fide indemnification claims of the underwriters arising during a two year period following the offering. The escrow account will not be interest bearing, and we will be free to invest the assets in securities. All funds that are not subject to an indemnification claim will be returned to us after the two year period expires.

We have agreed not to offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares or enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common shares, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of common shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the representative, for a period of 180 days from the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

In addition, our directors, executive officers and holders of more than 1% of our common shares will enter into lock-up agreements with the representative prior to the commencement of this offering pursuant to which each of these persons or entities, for a period of 180 days from the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, agree not to: (1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, make any short sale or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any common shares or any securities convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for or that represent the right to receive common shares (including common shares which may be deemed to be beneficially owned by such person in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and securities which may be issued upon exercise of a stock option or warrant) whether now owned or hereafter acquired; (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the foregoing securities, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of common shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise; (3) make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any common shares or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares; or (4) publicly disclose the intention to do any of the foregoing.

The lock-up restrictions described in the immediately preceding paragraph do not apply with respect to any transfer:

provided, in the case of clauses (i)-(v), that (x) such transfer will not involve a disposition for value, (y) the transferee agrees in writing with the representative to be bound by the terms of a lock-up agreement, and (z) no filing by any party under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act will be required or will be made voluntarily in connection with such transfer. Furthermore, notwithstanding the foregoing, the holder may transfer common shares in a transaction not involving a public offering or public resale; provided that (x) the transferee agrees in writing with the representative to be bound by the terms of a lock-up agreement, and (y) no filing by any party under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is required or is made voluntarily in connection with such transfer.

A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the websites maintained by the underwriters or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering and the underwriters may distribute prospectuses electronically. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of common shares to selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. The common shares to be sold pursuant to Internet distributions will be allocated on the same basis as other allocations. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on these websites is not part of, nor incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved or endorsed by us or the underwriters, and should not be relied upon by investors.

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our common shares. Specifically, the underwriters may sell more common shares than they are obligated to purchase under the underwriting agreement, creating a short position. A short sale is covered if the short position is no greater than the number of common shares available for purchase by the underwriters under option to purchase additional common shares. The underwriters can close out a covered short sale by exercising the option to purchase additional common shares or purchasing common shares in the open market. In determining the source of common shares to close out a covered short sale, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the open market price of common shares compared to the price available under the option to purchase additional shares. The underwriters may also sell common shares in excess of the option to purchase additional common shares, creating a naked short position. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing common shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.

The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter or dealer repays selling concessions allowed to it for distributing our common shares in this offering because the underwriter repurchases those common shares in stabilizing or short covering transactions.

Finally, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, our common shares in market making transactions, including “passive” market making transactions as described below.

These activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of our common shares at a price that is higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the absence of these activities. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities, and may discontinue any of these activities at any time without notice. These transactions may be effected on the NASDAQ Capital Market, in the over-the-counter market, or otherwise.

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in passive market making transactions in our common shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during a period before the commencement of offers or sales of the common shares and extending through the completion of the distribution. A passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid of that security. However, if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, then that bid must then be lowered when specified purchase limits are exceeded.

The underwriters and their affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business for which they may receive customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own accounts and for the accounts of their customers and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of our Company. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.

The underwriters are expected to make offers and sales both in and outside the United States through their respective selling agents. Any offers and sales in the United States will be conducted by broker-dealers registered with the SEC.

No invitation has been made or will be made, directly or indirectly, to any person in the BVI or to the public in the BVI to purchase the common shares of the company and the common shares are not being offered or sold and may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in the BVI, except as otherwise permitted by the BVI laws. This prospectus does not constitute, and there will not be, an offering of the common shares to any person in the BVI.

The common shares may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622, Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” within the meaning of the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the common shares may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to common shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap.571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.

This prospectus has not been and will not be circulated or distributed in China, and common shares may not be offered or sold, and will not be offered or sold to any person for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, to any resident of China except pursuant to applicable laws and regulations of China. For the purpose of this paragraph, China does not include Taiwan, and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

The estimated expenses payable by us in connection with the offering described in this registration statement (other than the placement discounts and commissions) will be as follows. With the exception of the filing fees for the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission, FINRA and NASDAQ, all amounts are estimates.

The validity of the common shares and certain legal matters relating to the offering as to BVI law will be passed upon for us by Ogier. Certain matters as to U.S. federal law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us by Schiff Hardin LLP. Certain legal matters relating to the offering as to Chinese law will be passed upon for us by DeHeng Law Offices. Haneberg Hurlbert PLC has acted as counsel for the underwriters with respect to this offering.

The consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, as set forth in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement have been so included in reliance on the report of MaloneBailey, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. The current address of MaloneBailey, LLP is 9801 Westheimer Rd, Houston, TX 77042.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the common shares offered hereby. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits filed therewith. For further information about us and the common shares offered hereby, reference is made to the registration statement and the exhibits filed therewith. Statements contained in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or any other document that is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are not necessarily complete, and in each instance we refer you to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. We currently do not file periodic reports with the SEC. Upon closing of our initial public offering, we will be required to file periodic reports (including an annual report on Form 20-F, which we will be required to file within 120 days from the end of each fiscal year), and other information with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act. A copy of the registration statement and the exhibits filed therewith may be inspected without charge at the public reference room maintained by the SEC, located at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549, and copies of all or any part of the registration statement may be obtained from that office. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room. The SEC also maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the website is www.sec.gov.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of MMTEC, INC. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

MMTEC, INC. (“MMTEC”) was incorporated on January 4, 2018 under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”). On March 19, 2018, MMTEC acquired a wholly owned subsidiary, MM Future Technology Limited (“MM Future”). MM Future was incorporated in Hong Kong on October 31, 2017 for the purpose of being a holding company for the equity interest in Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (“Gujia”).

Other than the equity interest in MM Future, MMTEC does not conduct any operations or own any material assets or liabilities. MM Future does not conduct any operations or own any material assets or liabilities except for the 100% of the equity interest of Gujia which it acquired on January 29, 2018.

Gujia was incorporated in People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) on June 9, 2015. Gujia is a technology provider, operates as an internet business platform to support operations. Gujia provides technical services to Chinese financial institutions to help them be able to provide investment services in global securities markets for their clients.

On November 6, 2017, Gujia acquired a wholly-owned subsidiary Meimei Zhengtong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (“Meimei Zhengtong”) and deregistered it in 2018.

Immediately before and after the acquisitions above mentioned, the shareholders of MMTEC controlled MM Future and Gujia. Therefore, those entities are under common control. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared as if the current corporate structure had been in existence throughout the periods presented. The historical cost of MM Future and Gujia are carried forward. MMTEC and its consolidated subsidiaries and collectively referred to herein as the “Company”, “we” or “us”, unless specific reference is made to an entity.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for financial information.

The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of MMTEC and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Significant estimates during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 include the allowance for doubtful accounts, the useful life of property and equipment, assumptions used in assessing impairment of long-term assets and valuation of deferred tax assets.

The Company adopted the guidance of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 for fair value measurements which clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, security deposit – current portion, other receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, salary payable, accrued liabilities and other payables, approximate their fair market value based on the short-term maturity of these instruments.

ASC 825-10 “Financial Instruments”, allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (fair value option). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable, unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, unrealized gains and losses for that instrument should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value option to any outstanding instruments.

Transactions involving related parties cannot be presumed to be carried out on an arm’s-length basis, as the requisite conditions of competitive, free market dealings may not exist. Representations about transactions with related parties, if made, shall not imply that the related party transactions were consummated on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm’s-length transactions unless such representations can be substantiated. It is not, however, practical to determine the fair value of amounts due from/to related parties due to their related party nature.

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. The Company maintains cash with various financial institutions in China. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, cash balances in China are $237,561 and $719,367, respectively, are uninsured. There were no cash equivalents at December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Currently, the Company’s operations are carried out in China. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environment in China, and by the general state of China’s economy. The Company’s operations in China are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

Other receivable is presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses. The Company reviews its receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and specific allowance when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual balances. In evaluating the collectability of individual receivable balance, the Company considers many factors, including the age of the balance, historical payment history, current credit-worthiness and current economic trends. Receivables are written off after exhaustive efforts at collection. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, outstanding other receivable amounted to $51 and $14,463, and the allowance for uncollectible accounts was $0 and $11,532, respectively.

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation, and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Cost represents the purchase price of the asset and other costs incurred to bring the asset into its existing use. The cost of repairs and maintenance is expensed as incurred; major replacements and improvements are capitalized. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included in income/loss in the year of disposition.

In accordance with ASC Topic 360, the Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable, or at least annually. The Company recognizes an impairment loss when the sum of expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. The amount of impairment is measured as the difference between the asset’s estimated fair value and its book value. The Company did not record any impairment charge for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the purchase price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.

The Company did not generate any revenue during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Expenditures for research and product development costs are expensed as incurred.

For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, research and development expenses were $513,575 and $327,189, respectively.

All costs related to advertising and marketing are expensed as incurred. The Company did not incur any advertising and marketing expenses during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset/liability method prescribed by ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates that will be in effect in the period in which the differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance to offset deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more-likely-than-not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized as income or loss in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company follows the accounting guidance for uncertainty in income taxes using the provisions of ASC 740 “Income Taxes”. Using that guidance, tax positions initially need to be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had no significant uncertain tax positions that qualify for either recognition or disclosure in the financial statements. Tax years that remain subject to examination are the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to significant uncertain income tax positions in other expense. No such interest and penalties incurred for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Leases where substantially all the rewards and risks of ownership of assets remain with the leasing company are accounted for as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss on a straight-line basis over the lease period.

ASC 280 “Segment reporting” establishes standards for reporting information on operating segments in interim and annual financial statements. All of the Company’s operations are considered by the chief operating decision maker to be aggregated in one reportable operating segment.

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the parent company, MMTEC and MM Future, is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). For the subsidiaries whose functional currency is the RMB, result of operations and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the period, assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rate at the end of the period, and equity is translated at historical exchange rates. As a result, amounts relating to assets and liabilities reported on the statements of cash flows may not necessarily agree with the changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets. Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining comprehensive income/loss. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date with any transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.

All of the Company’s revenue and expense transactions are transacted in the functional currency of the operating subsidiaries. The Company does not enter into any material transaction in foreign currencies. Transaction gains or losses have not had, and are not expected to have, a material effect on the results of operations of the Company.

The consolidated balance sheet amounts, with the exception of equity, at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were translated at RMB 6.5342 to $1.00 and at RMB 6.9370 to $1.00, respectively. Equity accounts were stated at their historical rates. The average translation rates applied to consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were RMB 6.7518 and RMB 6.6423 to $1.00, respectively.

Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss and all changes to the statements of shareholders’ equity, except those due to investments by shareholders, changes in paid-in capital and distributions to shareholders. For the Company, comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 consisted of net loss and unrealized gain (loss) from foreign currency translation adjustment.

ASC Topic 260 “Earnings per Share,” requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) with a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS computation. Basic EPS excludes dilution. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the Company.

Basic net loss per common share are computed by dividing net loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock, common stock equivalents and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during each period. Common stock equivalents are not included in the calculation of diluted loss per common share if their effect would be anti-dilutive. The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net loss per common share:

The Company did not have any common stock equivalents and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Parties are considered to be related to the Company if the parties, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal with if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. The Company discloses all significant related party transactions in Note 6.

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which modified lease accounting for both lessees and lessors to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous accounting standards and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This pronouncement is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 using a modified retrospective adoption method. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, property and equipment consisted of the following:

For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, depreciation expense amounted to $20,969 and $14,010, respectively, which was included in operating expenses.

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the due from related parties amount consisted of the following:

The amounts advanced to related parties were short-term in nature, unsecured, repayable on demand, and bear no interest. The advances were for the purposes of the Company’s development and repaid in full in the year ended December 31, 2017.

During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, Gujia’s shareholders made some contributions to the Company for working capital needs. See Note 8 for details.

Under the current laws of BVI, MMTEC is not subject to tax on income or capital gain. In addition, payments of dividends by the Company to their shareholders are not subject to withholding tax in the BVI.

The Company’s subsidiary, MM Future, is incorporated in Hong Kong and has no operating profit or tax liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. MM Future is subject to tax at 16.5% on the assessable profits arising in or derived from Hong Kong.

Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong were incorporated in the PRC and are subject to PRC Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) on the taxable income in accordance with the relevant PRC income tax laws. On March 16, 2007, the National People’s Congress enacted a new enterprise income tax law, which took effect on January 1, 2008. The law applies a uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate to both foreign invested enterprises and domestic enterprises. In the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong were recognized as small low-profit enterprises and received a preferential income tax rate of 10%. In the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong did not generate any taxable income. Therefore, there was no provision for income taxes in the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

The reconciliations of the statutory income tax rate and the Company’s effective income tax rate are as follows:

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets were set forth below:

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has a net operating loss carry forward for tax purposes of approximately $1,783,000 available to offset future taxable income through 2022.

The Company provided a valuation allowance equal to the deferred income tax asset for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The management believes that the Company’s cumulative losses arising from recurring business of subsidiaries constituted significant strong evidence that most of the deferred tax assets would not be realizable and this evidence outweighed the expectations that the Company would generate future taxable income. As such, deferred tax assets arise from net operating losses are fully allowed for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The increase in the allowance was $91,931 and $86,387 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had no significant uncertain tax positions that qualify for either recognition or disclosure in the financial statements. Tax years that remain subject to examination are the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

The tax authority of the PRC government conducts periodic and ad hoc tax filing reviews on business enterprises operating in the PRC after those enterprises complete their relevant tax filings. Therefore, the Company’s PRC entities’ tax filings results are subject to change. It is therefore uncertain as to whether the PRC tax authority may take different views about the Company’s PRC entities’ tax filings, which may lead to additional tax liabilities.

ASC 740 requires recognition and measurement of uncertain income tax positions using a “more-likely-than-not” approach. The management evaluated the Company’s tax positions and concluded that no provision for uncertainty in income taxes was necessary as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

The shareholders’ equity structures as of December 31, 2017 was presented after giving retroactive effect to the reorganization of the Company that was completed in the first half of 2018.

On January 4, 2018, MMTEC, Inc. was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. On the same day, the Company issued 20,000 common shares at $0.001 per share to its two directors/incorporators with cash proceeds of $20. On March 23, 2018, the Company issued 8,980,000 common shares at $0.18 per share to eight individuals and four companies for total cash proceeds of $1,616,400. On May 23, 2018, the Company issued 45,000,000 common shares at $0.001 per share to the same 12 shareholders for total cash proceeds of $45,000.

The Company is authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of stock with a par value of $0.001 per share.

There are 54,000,000 shares of its common stock issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

During the year ended December 31, 2016, Gujia’s shareholders contributed $1,840,728 to the Company for working capital needs and the Company recorded an increase in additional paid-in capital.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, Gujia’s shareholders contributed $68,641 to the Company for working capital needs and the Company recorded an increase in additional paid-in capital.

Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong operate in the PRC, are required to reserve 10% of their net profit after income tax, as determined in accordance with the PRC accounting rules and regulations. Appropriation to the statutory reserve by the Company is based on profit arrived at under PRC accounting standards for business enterprises for each year. The profit arrived at must be set off against any accumulated losses sustained by the Company in prior years, before allocation is made to the statutory reserve. Appropriation to the statutory reserve must be made before distribution of dividends to shareholders. The appropriation is required until the statutory reserve reaches 50% of the registered capital. This statutory reserve is not distributable in the form of cash dividends.

Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong had sustained losses since their establishments. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, no appropriation to statutory reserves for them was required as they incurred recurring net losses.

On May 14, 2015, the Company entered into an agreement with a third party individual to lease its office under operating lease. Pursuant to the signed lease, the monthly rent is RMB 21,000 (approximately $3,200). The term of the lease is one year commencing on June 1, 2015 and expired on May 31, 2016. The Company renewed the office lease in May 2016. Pursuant to the renewed office lease, the monthly rent is RMB 22,000 (approximately $3,400) and the renewed office lease expired on May 31, 2017.

In March 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with a third party individual to lease its office under operating lease. Pursuant to the signed lease, the monthly rent is RMB 23,000 (approximately $3,500). The lease started on April 1, 2017 and was terminated on March 31, 2018.

In November 2017, the Company signed an agreement with a third party to lease its office under operating lease. Pursuant to the signed lease, the monthly rent is RMB 123,742 (approximately $18,900) with the preferential monthly rent of RMB 11,624 (approximately $1,800) for the first month. The term of the lease is two years commencing on December 1, 2017 and expires on November 30, 2019.

In June 2016, the Company signed an agreement with a third party individual to lease its office space in Shanghai, China under operating lease. Pursuant to the lease, the monthly rent is RMB 10,000 (approximately $1,500). The term of the lease is one year commencing on July 1, 2016 and expired on June 30, 2017. The Company renewed the office lease in June 2017. Pursuant to the renewed office lease, the monthly rent is RMB 10,000 (approximately $1,500) and the renewed office lease expires on July 1, 2018.

Total rent expense under these lease agreements was $82,359 and $48,026 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The following table presents future minimum commitments for operating leases as of December 31, 2017:

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, cash and cash equivalent balances in the PRC are $237,561 and $719,367, respectively, are uninsured. The Company has not experienced any losses in PRC bank accounts and believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in PRC bank accounts.

The Company did not have sales or any associated supply purchases during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company’s operations are conducted through its PRC subsidiaries, which can only pay dividends out of their retained earnings determined in accordance with the accounting standards and regulations in the PRC and after they have met the PRC requirements for appropriation to statutory reserve. In addition, a majority of the Company’s businesses and assets are denominated in RMB, which is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions take place either through the People’s Bank of China or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China. Approval of foreign currency payments by the People’s Bank of China or other regulatory institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with suppliers’ invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts. These currency exchange control procedures imposed by the PRC government authorities may restrict the ability of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries to transfer their net assets to the MMTEC, INC. (the “Parent Company”) through loans, advances or cash dividends.

Schedule I of Article 5-04 of Regulation S-X requires the condensed financial information of the parent company to be filed when the restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. For purposes of this test, restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries shall mean that amount of the registrant’s proportionate share of net assets of its consolidated subsidiaries (after intercompany eliminations) which as of the end of the most recent fiscal year may not be transferred to the parent company in the form of loans, advances or cash dividends without the consent of a third party. The restricted net assets of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries amounted to approximately $325,000 and $1,135,000 as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The Company’s PRC subsidiaries’ net assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 exceeded 25% of the Company’s consolidated net assets. Accordingly, Parent Company’s condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Rule 5-04 and Rule 12-04 of SEC Regulation S-X, and are as follows.

The Parent Company’s condensed financial statements have been prepared using the same accounting principles and policies described in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, with the only exception being that the Parent Company accounts for its subsidiaries using the equity method. Refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes presented above for additional information and disclosures with respect to these financial statements.

The condensed financial information of the Parent Company has been prepared using the same accounting policies as set out in the consolidated financial statements except that the Company used the equity method to account for investment in its subsidiaries.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted. The Parent Company only financial information has been derived from the Company’s consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company and its subsidiaries were included in the consolidated financial statements where the inter-company balances and transactions were eliminated upon consolidation. For purpose of the Parent Company’s stand-alone financial statements, its investments in subsidiaries were reported using the equity method of accounting. Such investment is presented as “Investment in subsidiaries” on the condensed balance sheets and the subsidiaries’ losses are presented as “Share of loss from investment in subsidiaries” in the condensed statements of operations.

The following subsequent events were evaluated on May 30, 2018, the date the financial statements were issued.

Except as set forth below, there were no events that occurred subsequent to December 31, 2017 that require adjustment to or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

On March 28, 2018, the Company acquired 24.9% of MMBD Trading Limited (“MMBD Trading”). MMBD Trading was incorporated on March 4, 2016 under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. MMBD Trading acquired a wholly owned subsidiary, MM iGlobal Inc. (“MM iGlobal”) on August 16, 2017. MMBD Trading does not conduct any operations or own any material assets or liabilities except for the 100% of the equity interest of MM iGlobal. MM iGlobal was incorporated in the State of Illinois on September 25, 1997 as Feil Daily Investment Co. which was changed to Whitewood Group, Inc. in 2011. Whitewood Group Inc. was changed to MM iGlobal Inc. in 2017. MM iGlobal operates as a securities broker/dealer in New York City.

On April 20, 2018, the Company incorporated MM Fund Services Limited (“MM Fund”), a Cayman Islands company, for the purpose of providing administration services to the private equity funds industry.

The accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

MMTEC, INC. (“MMTEC”, the “Company”) was incorporated on January 4, 2018 under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”). On March 19, 2018, MMTEC acquired a wholly owned subsidiary, MM Future Technology Limited (“MM Future”). MM Future was incorporated in Hong Kong on October 31, 2017 for the purpose of being a holding company for the equity interest in Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (“Gujia”).

Gujia was incorporated in People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) on June 9, 2015. Gujia is a technology provider, operates as an internet business platform to support operations. Gujia provides investment services to the U.S. securities markets for PRC investors and provides technical services to Chinese financial institutions to help them be able to provide investment services in the U.S. securities markets for their clients.

On November 6, 2017, Gujia acquired a wholly-owned subsidiary Meimei Zhengtong (Beijing) Technology Ltd. (“Meimei Zhengtong”) which was dormant as of June 30, 2018 and subsequently dissolved in July 2018.

On March 28, 2018, the Company acquired 24.9% of MMBD Trading Limited. (“MMBD Trading”). MMBD Trading was incorporated on March 4, 2016 under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. The remaining 75.1% of MMBD Trading was owned by 36.4% shareholders of the Company. MMBD Trading acquired a wholly owned subsidiary, MM iGlobal Inc. (“MM iGlobal”) on August 16, 2017. MMBD Trading does not conduct any operations or own any material assets or liabilities except for the 100% of the equity interest of MM iGlobal. MM iGlobal was incorporated in the State of Illinois on September 25, 1997 as Feil Daily Investment Co. which was changed to Whitewood Group, Inc. in 2011. Whitewood Group Inc. was changed to MM iGlobal Inc. in 2017. MM iGlobal operates as a securities broker/dealer in New York City.

On May 28, 2018, the Company incorporated MM Capital Management Limited (“MM Capital”), a Cayman Islands company, for the purpose of providing assets management and investment services to clients. MM Capital is dormant as of June 30, 2018.

On August 8, 2018, the Company incorporated MM Fund SPC (“MM SPC”), a Cayman Islands company, for the purpose of providing asset management services to clients. MM SPC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MM Capital.

Immediately before and after the acquisitions above mentioned, the shareholders of MMTEC controlled MM Future, Gujia, MM Fund, MM Capital and MM SPC. Therefore, those entities are under common control. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared as if the current corporate structure had been in existence throughout the periods presented. The historical cost of MM Future, Gujia and MM Fund are carried forward. MMTEC and its consolidated subsidiaries and collectively referred to herein as the “Company”, “we” or “us”, unless specific reference is made to an entity.

These interim consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) and disclosures necessary for a fair presentation of these interim consolidated financial statements have been included. The results reported in the unaudited consolidated financial statements for any interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be reported for the entire year.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The Company’s unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Significant estimates during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 include the allowance for doubtful accounts, the useful life of property and equipment, assumptions used in assessing impairment of long-term assets and valuation of deferred tax assets.

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, security deposit – current portion, prepaid expenses and other current assets, salary payable, accrued liabilities and other payables, and investee losses in excess of investment controlled by major shareholders, approximate their fair market value based on the short-term maturity of these instruments.

ASC 825-10 “Financial Instruments”, allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (fair value option). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, unrealized gains and losses for that instrument should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value option to any outstanding instruments.

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. The Company maintains cash with various financial institutions in China. At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, cash balances in China are $811,916 and $237,561, respectively, are uninsured. The Company has not experienced any losses in bank accounts and believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in bank accounts. There were no cash equivalents at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

The Company uses the equity method of accounting for its investment in, and earning or loss of, company that it does not control but over which it does exert significant influence.

In the event the Company incurs losses in excess of the carrying amount of an equity investment and reduces the Company’s investment balance to zero, the Company would not record additional losses unless (i) the Company guaranteed obligations of the investee, (ii) the Company is otherwise committed to provide further financial support for the investee, or (iii) it is anticipated that the investee’s return to profitability is imminent. If the Company provided a commitment to fund losses, it would continue to record losses resulting in a negative equity method investment, which is presented as a liability. As of June 30, 2018, the Company’s proportionate share of the losses of MMBD Trading exceeds its investment in MMBD Trading by $14,056. This amount is recorded as “Investee losses in excess of investment controlled by major shareholders” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2018, due to the Company’s commitment for future financial support.

The Company periodically reviews its equity investment for impairment. Under the equity method of accounting, an impairment loss would be recorded whenever the fair value of an equity investment is determined to be below its carrying amount and the reduction is considered to be other than temporary. In judging “other than temporary,” the Company considers the length of time and extent to which the fair value of the investment has been less than the carrying amount of the equity investment, the near-term and long-term operating and financial prospects of the entity and the Company’s longer-term intent of retaining its investment in the entity. The Company considers whether the fair value of its equity method investment has declined below its carrying value whenever adverse events or changes in circumstances indicate that recorded value may not be recoverable. If the Company considers any decline to be other than temporary (based on various factors, including historical financial results and the overall health of the investee), then a write-down would be recorded to estimated fair value. See Note 6 for discussion of equity method investment.

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an update Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) (“ASU 2014-09”) establishing Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). ASU 2014-09, as amended by subsequent ASUs on the topic, establishes a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most of the existing revenue recognition guidance. This standard, which is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years that begin after December 15, 2017, requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services and also requires certain additional disclosures. The Company adopted this standard in 2018 using the modified retrospective approach, which requires applying the new standard to all existing contracts not yet completed as of the effective date and recording a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Based on an evaluation of the impact ASU 2014-09 will have on the Company’s sources of revenue, the Company has concluded that ASU 2014-09 did not have a material impact on the process for, timing of, and presentation and disclosure of revenue recognition from customers.

The Company did not generate any revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

Expenditures for research and product development costs are expensed as incurred.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, research and development expenses were $384,895 and $258,981, respectively.

The Company did not incur any advertising and marketing expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

The Company follows the accounting guidance for uncertainty in income taxes using the provisions of ASC 740 “Income Taxes”. Using that guidance, tax positions initially need to be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had no significant uncertain tax positions that qualify for either recognition or disclosure in the financial statements. Tax years that remain subject to examination are the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to significant uncertain income tax positions in other expense. No such interest and penalties incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the parent company, MMTEC, and MM Future and MM Fund, is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). For the subsidiaries whose functional currency is the RMB, result of operations and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the period, assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rate at the end of the period, and equity is translated at historical exchange rates. As a result, amounts relating to assets and liabilities reported on the statements of cash flows may not necessarily agree with the changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets. Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining comprehensive income/loss. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date with any transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.

The consolidated balance sheet amounts, with the exception of equity, at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were translated at RMB 6.6166 to $1.00 and at RMB 6.5342 to $1.00, respectively. Equity accounts were stated at their historical rates. The average translation rates applied to consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were RMB 6.3711 and RMB 6.8697 to $1.00, respectively.

Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss and all changes to the statements of shareholders’ equity, except those due to investments by shareholders, changes in paid-in capital and distributions to shareholders. For the Company, comprehensive loss for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 consisted of net loss and unrealized (loss) gain from foreign currency translation adjustment.

The Company did not have any common stock equivalents and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on the previously reported financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605. Revenue Recognition, including most industry-specific requirements. ASU 2014-09 establishes a five-step revenue recognition process in which an entity will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard allows for either “full retrospective” adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all of the periods presented, or “modified retrospective” adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current period presented in the financial statements. ASU 2014-09 also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows from contracts with customers. On August 12, 2015 the FASB approved a one year delay of the effective date to reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, while permitting companies to voluntarily adopt the new standard as of the original effective date. In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606. Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which clarifies narrow aspects of ASC 606 or corrects unintended application of the guidance. The effective date and transition requirements for ASU 2016-20 are the same as the effective date and transition requirements for ASU 2014-09. Under the delayed effective date, this guidance was effective January 1, 2018. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis. The adoption of this amendment had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:

At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, property and equipment consisted of the following:

For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, depreciation expense amounted to $13,181 and $10,232, respectively, which was included in operating expenses.

The Company makes investment that support its underlying business strategy and enable it to enter new markets. On March 28, 2018, the Company acquired a 24.9% interest in MMBD Trading by cash payment of $12,450. The remaining 75.1% of MMBD Trading was owned by 36.4% shareholders of the Company. The investment is accounted for under the equity method. Equity method investment is recorded at original cost and adjusted periodically to recognize: (i) the Company’s proportionate share of investee’ net income or losses after the date of the investment; (ii) additional contributions made or distributions received; and (iii) impairment losses relating to the investment.

During the period from March 28, 2018 (date of investment) through June 30, 2018, the Company has paid in cash of $12,450 in equity method investment. For the period from March 28, 2018 (date of investment) through June 30, 2018, the Company recorded its share of MMBD Trading’s net loss of $26,506 in loss on equity method investment controlled by major shareholders. In the event the Company incurs losses in excess of the carrying amount of an equity investment and reduces the Company’s investment balance to zero, the Company would not record additional losses unless (i) the Company guaranteed obligations of the investee, (ii) the Company is otherwise committed to provide further financial support for the investee, or (iii) it is anticipated that the investee’s return to profitability is imminent. If the Company provided a commitment to fund losses, the Company would continue to record losses resulting in a negative equity method investment, which is presented as a liability. As of June 30, 2018, the Company’s proportionate share of the losses of MMBD Trading exceeds its investment in MMBD Trading by $14,056. This amount is recorded as “Investee losses in excess of investment controlled by major shareholders” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2018, due to the Company’s commitment for future capital and operation funding.

The Company reviews its investment accounted for under the equity method of accounting for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a loss in the value of the investment may be other than temporary. An equity method investment is written down to fair value if there is evidence of a loss in value which is other-than-temporary. The Company may estimate the fair value of its equity method investments by considering recent investee equity transactions, and recent operating results. If the fair value of the investment has dropped below the carrying amount, management considers several factors when determining whether an other-than-temporary decline has occurred, such as: the length of the time and the extent to which the estimated fair value or market value has been below the carrying value, the financial condition and the near-term prospects of the investee, the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the investee for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value and general market conditions. The estimation of fair value and whether an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred requires the application of significant judgment and future results may vary from current assumptions. The Company did not record any impairment loss associated with its’ investment in MMBD Trading for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

The tables below present the summarized financial information, as provided to the Company by the investee, for the unconsolidated company:

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, Zhen Fan, who is the chief executive officer and 16.2% shareholder of the Company, and a 2.0% shareholder of the Company, made contributions with the amount of $3,834 and $1,614, respectively, to the Company for working capital needs. See Note 9 for details.

On March 28, 2018, the Company acquired a 24.9% interest in MMBD Trading by cash payment of $12,450. The remaining 75.1% of MMBD Trading was owned by 36.4% shareholders of the Company. For the period from March 28, 2018 (date of investment) through June 30, 2018, the Company recorded its share of MMBD Trading’s net loss of $26,506 in loss on equity method investment controlled by major shareholders. As of June 30, 2018, the Company’s proportionate share of the losses of MMBD Trading exceeds its investment in MMBD Trading by $14,056. See Note 6 for details.

The Company’s subsidiary, MM Future, is incorporated in Hong Kong and has no operating profit or tax liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. MM Future is subject to tax at 16.5% on the assessable profits arising in or derived from Hong Kong.

There is no income tax for companies domiciled in the Cayman Islands. Accordingly, MM Fund and MM Capital do not present any income tax provisions related to Cayman Islands tax jurisdiction, where these two companies are domiciled.

Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong were incorporated in the PRC and are subject to PRC Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) on the taxable income in accordance with the relevant PRC income tax laws. On March 16, 2007, the National People’s Congress enacted a new enterprise income tax law, which took effect on January 1, 2008. The law applies a uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate to both foreign invested enterprises and domestic enterprises. In the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong were recognized as small low-profit enterprises and received a preferential income tax rate of 10%. In the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong did not generate any taxable income. Therefore, there was no provision for income taxes in the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

The reconciliations of the statutory income tax rate and the Company’s effective income tax rate are as follows:

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets were set forth below:

As of June 30, 2018, the Company has a net operating loss carry forward for tax purposes of approximately $2,777,000 available to offset future taxable income through 2023.

The Company provided a valuation allowance equal to the deferred income tax asset for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The management believes that the Company’s cumulative losses arising from recurring business of subsidiaries constituted significant strong evidence that most of the deferred tax assets would not be realizable and this evidence outweighed the expectations that the Company would generate future taxable income. As such, deferred tax assets arise from net operating losses are fully allowed for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in the allowance was $119,570 for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had no significant uncertain tax positions that qualify for either recognition or disclosure in the financial statements. Tax years that remain subject to examination are the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

The shareholders’ equity structures as of June 30, 2018 was presented after giving retroactive effect to the reorganization of the Company that was completed in the first half of 2018.

The Company is authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of stock with a par value of $0.001 per share.

There are 54,000,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Gujia and Meimei Zhengtong had sustained losses since their establishments. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, no appropriation to statutory reserves for them was required as they incurred recurring net losses.

In November 2017, the Company signed an agreement with a third party to lease its office under operating lease. Pursuant to the signed lease, the monthly rent is RMB 123,742 (approximately $18,700) with the preferential monthly rent of RMB 11,624 (approximately $1,800) for the first month. The term of the lease is two years commencing on December 1, 2017 and expires on November 30, 2019.

In June 2016, the Company signed an agreement with a third party individual to lease its office space in Shanghai, China under operating lease. Pursuant to the lease, the monthly rent is RMB 10,000 (approximately $1,500). The term of the lease is one year commencing on July 1, 2016 and expired on June 30, 2017. The Company renewed the office lease in June 2017 and June 2018. Pursuant to the renewed office lease, the monthly rent is RMB 10,000 (approximately $1,500) and the renewed office lease expires on September 30, 2018.

Total rent expense under operating lease agreements was $132,383 and $34,790 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The following table presents future minimum commitments for operating leases as of June 30, 2018:

At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, cash and cash equivalent balances in the PRC are $811,916 and $237,561, respectively, are uninsured. The Company has not experienced any losses in PRC bank accounts and believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in PRC bank accounts.

The Company did not have sales or any associated supply purchases during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

Except as set forth below, there were no events that occurred subsequent to June 30, 2018 that require adjustment to or disclosure in the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

The Company records treasury stock using the cost method. On August 7, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the repurchase of 36,000,000 shares of its common stock from ten individuals and four companies through a privately negotiated transaction at an aggregate price of $36,000.

The Company’s Chief Operating Officer, Lijuan Zheng, resigned in August 2018. On August 15, 2018, Ms. Zheng transferred 360,000 common shares to a third party for an aggregated consideration of $32,580.

On August 8, 2018, the Company incorporated MM Fund SPC (“MM SPC”), a Cayman Islands company. MM SPC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MM Capital.

Until [_], (25 days after commencement of our initial public offering), all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

British Virgin Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the British Virgin Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Under our Memorandum and Articles of Association, we may indemnify its directors, officers and liquidators against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with civil, criminal, administrative or investigative proceedings to which they are party or are threatened to be made a party by reason of their acting as our director, officer or liquidator. To be entitled to indemnification, these persons must have acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interest of the registrant and, in the case of criminal proceedings, they must have had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Since our inception, we issued 54,000,000 common shares in the aggregate to 14 shareholders in transactions that were not required to be registered under the Securities Act. All such share issuances were deemed to be exempt under the Securities Act by virtue of Section 4(2) thereof as transactions not involving any public offering. In addition, certain share issuances were deemed not to fall within Section 5 under the Securities Act and to be further exempt under Rule 901 and 903 of Regulation S promulgated thereunder by virtue of being issuances of securities by non-U.S. companies to non-U.S. citizens or residents, conducted outside the United States and not using any element of interstate commerce.

The information below lists all of the securities sold and issued since our Company’s inception:

The following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated by reference in this prospectus:

To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) (§230.424(b) of this chapter) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

To provide to the underwriter at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriter to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b) (1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 (§230.424 of this chapter);

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

That, insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.”

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the People’s Republic of China, on October 22, 2018.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

Pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of the Company has signed this registration statement or amendment thereto in Delaware on October 22, 2018.

British Virgin Islands		7372		Not applicable
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

Large accelerated filer	☐		Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	☒
			Emerging growth company	☒

	Per share		Total
Initial public offering price	$	[●]	$	[●]
Underwriting discounts and commissions (1)	$	[●]	$	[●]
Proceeds to us, before expenses	$	[●]	$	[●]

	As of June 30, 2018
	Actual			Pro Forma
Cash	$	811,916		$	6,935,166
Shareholders’ equity:
Common shares ($0.001 par value; 500,000,000 common shares authorized; 54,000,000 common shares issued and outstanding, actual; 55,800,000 common shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted (1)		54,000			55,800
Additional paid-in capital		3,759,008			9,880,458
Accumulated deficit		(2,845,316	)		(2,845,316	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(64,838	)		(64,838	)
Total Shareholders’ Equity		902,854			7,026,104
Total capitalization	$	902,854		$	7,026,104

	As of June 30, 2018
	Actual			Pro Forma
Cash	$	811,916		$	7,990,866
Shareholders’ equity:
Common shares ($0.001 par value; 500,000,000 common shares authorized; 54,000,000 common shares issued and outstanding, actual; 56,070,000 common shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted (1)		54,000			56,070
Additional paid-in capital		3,759,008			10,935,888
Accumulated deficit		(2,845,316	)		(2,845,316	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(64,838	)		(64,838	)
Total Shareholders’ Equity		902,854			8,081,804
Total capitalization	$	902,854		$	8,081,804

(1)	Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the amount of the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(2)	Includes 270,000 common shares which may be issued on exercise of a 30-day option granted to the underwriters to cover over-allotments, if any.

Prospectus Summary	1
Risk Factors	8
Forward-Looking Statements	28
Use of Proceeds	28
Dividend Policy	29
Exchange Rate Information	29
Capitalization	29
Dilution	30
Post-Offering Ownership	31
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32
Our Business	44
Management	54
Related Party Transactions	60
Principal Shareholders	61
Description of Share Capital	62
Shares Eligible for Future Sale	68
Tax Matters Applicable to U.S. Holders of Our Common Shares	69
Enforceability of Civil Liabilities	73
Determination of Offering Price	74
Underwriting	74
Legal Matters	78
Experts	78
Where You Can Find More Information	78
Financial Statements	F-1

	●	Approximately $3.13 million for research and development and additional hirings,

	●	Approximately $1.86 million for sales and marketing; and

	●	Balance of approximately $1.13 million for additional working capital.

	Post-Offering (1)
Assumed offering price per common share	$	4.25
Net tangible book value per common share as of June 30, 2018	$	0.02
Increase in net tangible book value per common share attributable to investors participating in this offering	$	0.11
Pro forma net tangible book value per common share immediately after this offering	$	0.13
Dilution per common share to investors participating in this offering	$	4.12

	Common Shares Purchased						Total Consideration					Average Price
	Amount			Percent			Amount		Percent			Per Share
Existing shareholders		54,000,000	(1)		97	%	$	902,854		11	%	$	0.02
New investors		1,800,000			3	%	$	7,650,000		89	%	$	4.25
Total		55,800,000			100	%	$	8,552,854		100	%	$	0.15

	Year Ended		Year Ended
	December 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Rent	$	82,359	$	48,026
Travel and entertainment		40,161		34,551
Professional fees		37,393		13,482
Bad debt expense		4,126		12,544
Others		51,572		42,960
	$	215,611	$	151,563

					December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017
	December 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		Change			Percentage Change
Working capital:
Total current assets	$	351,278	$	1,165,426	$	(814,148	)		(69.9	)%
Total current liabilities		102,271		81,081		21,190			26.1	%
Working capital	$	249,007	$	1,084,345	$	(835,338	)		(77.0	)%

		Year Ended December 31, 2017			Year Ended December 31, 2016
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(961,234	)	$	(633,913	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		385,391			(445,366	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		66,649			1,820,153
Effect of exchange rate on cash		27,388			(32,153	)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	$	(481,806	)	$	708,721

	Payments Due by Period
Contractual obligations:		Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		5⁺years
Office leases commitment	$	428,003	$	232,514	$	195,489	$	-	$	-
Total	$	428,003	$	232,514	$	195,489	$	-	$	-

	Six Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2018		June 30, 2017
Rent and related utilities	$	133,846	$	34,790
Travel and entertainment		14,536		16,932
Others		41,029		35,984
	$	189,411	$	87,706

					December 31, 2017 to June 30, 2018
	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		Change		Percentage Change
Working capital:
Total current assets	$	975,590	$	351,278	$	624,312		177.7	%
Total current liabilities		146,479		102,271		44,208		43.2	%
Working capital	$	829,111	$	249,007	$	580,104		233.0	%

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018			Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(1,043,512	)	$	(426,429	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(24,858	)		(1,310	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,666,868			-
Effect of exchange rate on cash		(24,143	)		11,248
Net increase (decrease) in cash	$	574,355		$	(416,491	)

	●	MM Fund Services Limited – is our wholly-owned Cayman Islands subsidiary, which was incorporated on April 20, 2018.

	●	MM Capital Management Limited – Our wholly-owned Cayman Islands subsidiary, was incorporated on May 28, 2018.

	●	MM Fund SPC – MM Fund SPC was incorporated on August 8, 2018, as a wholly-owned subsidiary of MM Capital Management Limited.

	●	Meimei Zhengtong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. – Meimei Zhengtong (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., was a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. and has been deregistered in 2018.

	●	Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor (“QDII”): this status allows domestic investors to invest in publicly trading securities on foreign securities markets (excluding venture capital and private equity funds securities) via certain fund management institutions, insurance companies, securities companies and other assets management institutions which have been approved by China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”). These entities, in turn, offer investment opportunities to individual investors to invest in overseas stocks and fixed return securities.

	●	Qualified Domestic Limited Partner: this status allows qualified domestic limited partners to invest in overseas private funds and private equities. Only a few companies have obtained this status to date.

	●	Qualified Domestic Investment Enterprise: this platform allows mainland PRC investors to tap into a wider variety of foreign asset classes compared to the QDII by accessing offshore private equity, hedge funds and real assets, in addition to listed equities and debt securities that are already covered by the existing QDII. This platform is generally viewed as broad in scope, administration and lacking regulatory clarity.

	●	Outbound Direct Investment – Chinese companies headquartered in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone may conduct almost all equity investments via this platform as it is not subject to any investment quotas. However, this platform is ill-suited for small scale operations as it only contemplates investments by institutional/corporate investors, not individuals.

	●	Qualified Domestic Individual Investor is a new investment channel promoted by the Chinese government. It is expected to give PRC based individual investors who have at least RMB1 million of net assets more freedom to invest their money in overseas assets. It is expected that the PRC investors will be able to put money directly into overseas shares, bonds, mutual funds, insurance products, financial derivatives and property through this initiative. It is also expected to allow them to make direct investments in companies through mergers and acquisitions. No official date has been given for the launch of the scheme as of yet.

	●	*Product advantages and technology accumulation –* by means of our technological advantages, better Internet experience and one-stop securities dealers solutions, we simplify the process of overseas investment transactions and lower the threshold of securities trading, making it easier for Chinese investors to get involved in global investment. We also provide (i) a complete product line from ENT, PTN to mobile end trading platform and PC-side trading platform, thus covering most of the operating systems required by broker-dealers and private equity funds; (ii) a stable market, trading system tested and relied for a period of time; (iii) rapid product development and iteration - we can develop products which meet the customer’s latest demands; and (iv) understanding of financial markets and information technology development.

	●	*Sound marketing strategies* - We follow the same rules for both brokerage firms and private equity customers: we provide free technical systems yet charge a fee for post financial or additional premium services to encourage more brokers-dealers and private equity funds to use our technical products and services. (i) through free technical system services that change the delivery mode of the securities industry developers, we reduce the operating costs of small and medium-sized brokerage firms, (ii) with more choices for small and medium-sized brokerage firms, to help their customers respond to changes in the Internet, we provide better tools and platforms that enable customers choose and customize their services, and (iii) by helping private equity funds overcome the set-up threshold issue, we enable more private equity funds step into the overseas stock market and grow with them.

	●	*Innovative and open Internet idea -* By using cloud technology, we help traditional financial institutions cope with the changes in traditional online securities trading. Based on cloud technology that helps more brokerage firms minimize the access threshold of technology, we stick to the user-centered product development model, and use faster deployment systems to meet customers’ demand and reduce their technical service costs. We maintain an open technical environment and provide an open platform for all users who want to access overseas investment transactions. We are also able to provide customized product service for users. We believe that the new generation of Chinese investors has a more sophisticated understanding of financial transactions, which requires a better user experience and more innovative products and service.

	●	*A professional team with diversified backgrounds* - Our team members are from Internet companies, financial enterprises and traditional securities information system development companies. They are familiar with the financial market, and have expertise in the development of securities information technology. Members of this diverse backgrounds team work in their respective areas with efficiency and professionalism.

	●	Better ecology and environment - With the help of our independent affiliate, MM iGlobal in the United States, we are able to provide better services to non-U.S. small and medium-sized brokerage firms to access the U.S. market, and also to the small and medium-sized private equity funds with deeper understanding of their needs.

	●	Good market opportunities - Traditional financial markets rely more and more on information technology. In dealing with the overseas market, under the barrier of language, market mechanism and cultural background, we rely on technology to change the relationship between brokerage firms and traditional information technology developers. As the earliest participants in this model, we enjoy favorable market opportunities. At the same time, there has been an increasing demand for China’s small and medium-sized private equity funds to go overseas, as well as more Chinese investors investing outside of China. At the early stage development of this industry, we will actively participate in the development of industry service standards and service system, and make good use of this market opportunity.

	●	Localized service - 24/7 customer service in complete Chinese language. From trading API document to technology support, we strive to create a more user-friendly environment for our customers. We also provide more pleasant user trading experience for Chinese customers. They will get more localized trading experience, without trial and error, and easier and more pleasant investment in overseas markets. Back on the Chinese market, we understand the rules of the United States. We also understand better the needs of Chinese investors. And we provide more localized private fund services and more financial products and services support. With the system support of MM Fund Services Limited and PTN, we will provide a more localized private fund administration service to our clients. We will respond to their request in a timely manner, being more attentive to their needs and requests.

	●	In October 2015, our Shanghai Branch was founded; the Shanghai Technical Research and Development Center started operation.

	●	In December 2015, the ETN Counter Business System was launched for trial operation.

	●	In August 2016, the PTN Private Fund Investment Management System was launched for operation.

	●	In December 2016, the 4^th version of the ETN Investment Management System was successfully employed. The Sino-US Special Line was completed and the Market and Quantitative Transaction Platform started operation.

Office	Address	Rental Term	Space
Headquarters	Room 608A, Air China Century Building, 40 Xiaoyun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020	December 1, 2017 – November 30, 2019	4170.51. sq. ft.

Shanghai Research and Development Center	M1506, 18 Shunyi Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200333	July 1, 2016 – September 30, 2018	1030.55 sq. ft.

Name	Age	Position	Appointed
Xiangdong Wen ^{(1) (2)}	32	Chairman of the Board	January 2018
Zhen Fan ^{(1) (2)}	40	Chief Executive Officer and Director	January 2018
Zhengfei Li ⁽¹⁾	34	Chief Technology Officer	January 2018
Min Kong ⁽¹⁾	29	Chief Financial Officer	January 2018
Lijuan Zheng ^{(1) (8)}	39	Chief Operating Officer	January 2018
Qian Ruan ^{(1) (2)}	42	Director	April 2018
Qingshun Meng ^{(1) (3) (5) (6) (7)}	58	Independent Director	April 2018
Yiqin Zhang ^{(1) (3) (5) (6) (7)}	43	Independent Director	April 2018
Shuguo Li ^{(1) (4) (5) (6) (7)}	66	Independent Director	April 2018
Dongqiang Wang ^{(1) (3)}	32	Independent Director	April 2018

⁽¹⁾	The individual’s business address is c/o Gujia (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., Room 608A, Air China Century Building, 40 Xiaoyun Road, Chaoyang District, 100020 China.
⁽²⁾	Class C director whose term expires at the 2019 succeeding annual meeting of shareholders.
⁽³⁾	Class B director whose term expires at the 2020 succeeding annual meeting of shareholders.
⁽⁴⁾	Class A director whose term expires at the 2021 annual meeting of shareholders.
⁽⁵⁾	Member of audit committee.
⁽⁶⁾	Member of compensation committee.
⁽⁷⁾	Member of nominating committee.
⁽⁸⁾	Resigned for personal/health reasons in August 2018.

	●	appointing, compensating, retaining, evaluating, terminating, and overseeing our independent registered public accounting firm,

	●	discussing with our independent registered public accounting firm the independence of its members from its management,

	●	reviewing with our independent registered public accounting firm the scope and results of their audit,

	●	approving all audit and permissible non-audit services to be performed by our independent registered public accounting firm,

	●	overseeing the financial reporting process and discussing with management and our independent registered public accounting firm the interim and annual financial statements that we file with the SEC,

	●	reviewing and monitoring our accounting principles, accounting policies, financial and accounting controls, and compliance with legal and regulatory requirements,

	●	coordinating the oversight by our Board of Directors of our code of business conduct and our disclosure controls and procedures,

	●	establishing procedures for the confidential and or anonymous submission of concerns regarding accounting, internal controls or auditing matters, and

	●	reviewing and approving related-party transactions.

	●	reviewing and approving, or recommending to the Board of Directors to approve the compensation of our CEO and other executive officers and directors,

	●	reviewing key employee compensation goals, policies, plans and programs,

	●	administering incentive and equity-based compensation,

	●	reviewing and approving employment agreements and other similar arrangements between us and our executive officers, and

	●	appointing and overseeing any compensation consultants or advisors.

	●	selecting or recommending for selection candidates for directorships,

	●	evaluating the independence of directors and director nominees,

	●	reviewing and making recommendations regarding the structure and composition of our Board of Directors and the Board of Directors committees,

	●	developing and recommending to the Board of Directors corporate governance principles and practices;

	●	reviewing and monitoring our company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and

	●	overseeing the evaluation of our company’s management.

					Equity		All Other
Name/principal position	Year		Salary		Compensation		Compensation		Total Paid

Zhen Fan, CEO		2017	$	17,773	$	-	$	1,481	$	19,254
		2016	$	13,549	$	-	$	1,505	$	15,054

Min Kong, CFO		2017	$	24,438	$	-	$	1,481	$	25,919
		2016	$	16,399	$	-	$	1,505	$	17,904

	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Advances to Xiangdong Wen (1)	$	-	$	-	$	215,511
Advances to Zhen Fan (2)		-		-		165,778
	$	-	$	-	$	381,289

	Beneficial Ownership					Beneficial Ownership
	Prior to Offering					After Offering
Name of Beneficial Owner	Common Shares		Percentage			Percentage
Zhen Fan *		2,916,000		16.2	%		14.7	%
Min Kong *		-		**			**
Xiangdong Wen *		3,096,000		17.2	%		15.6	%
Zhengfei Li (4)		216,000		1.2	%		1.1	%
Qian Ruan * (1)		1,800,000		10.0	%		9.1	%
Qingshun Meng *		-		**			**
Yiqin Zhang *		-		**			**
Shuguo Li *		-		**			**
Dongqiang Wang *		-		**			**
All officers and directors as a group (9 persons)		8,028,000		44.6	%		40.5	%

5% or greater beneficial owners
MMBD Information Technology Limited (2)		947,880		5.3	%		4.8	%
Length Technology Limited (3)		2,340,000		13.0	%		11.8	%
Jishan Sun		1,818,000		10.1	%		9.2	%
5% or greater beneficial owners as a group		5,105,880		28.4	%		25.8	%

(1)	Qian Ruan holds 1,800,000 common shares through Rate Technology Limited of which he is the sole owner and manager.
(2)	Includes: (i) 360,000 common shares held by Zhen Fan, our chief executive officers and chief executive officer of MMBD Information Technology Limited, and Mr. Fan holds 37.98% of MMBD Information Technology Limited; (ii) 180,000 common shares held by Xiangdong Wen, our Chairman, and Mr. Wen holds 18.99% of MMBD Information Technology Limited.
(3)	A Hong Kong corporation with the mailing address of RMC, 13/F, Harvard Commercial Building, 105-111 Thomson Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong, 999077 China, with Qingyi Luan as its sole owner and manager.
(4)	Resigned in August 2018 for personal/health reasons.

	●	amend our Memorandum of Association to increase or decrease the maximum number of common shares we are authorized to issue,

	●	subject to our Memorandum of Association, subdivide our authorized and issued common shares into a larger number of common shares then our existing number of common shares, and

	●	subject to our Memorandum of Association, consolidate our authorized and issued shares into a smaller number of common shares.

	●	is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was our director; or

	●	is or was, at our request, serving as a director or officer of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another body corporate or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.