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Defined Benefit Pension Plans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Summary of Balance Sheet Impact, Including Benefit Obligations, Assets and Funded Status Associated with Significant Pension Plans
The following tables summarize the balance sheet impact, including the benefit obligations, assets and funded status associated with our pension plans.
Pension Benefits
U.S.
Plans		 U.S.
Plans		 Non-U.S.
Plans		 Non-U.S.
Plans
20242023 20242023
(Dollars in millions)
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of the year$171 $168 $186 $167 
Service cost— — 7 6 
Interest cost8 8 4 5 
Actuarial (gains) losses(10)5 (1)7 
Benefits paid and employee contributions(10)(10)— 2 
Settlements and curtailments(1)
— — (12)(16)
Foreign currency translation— — (12)11 
Other— — 8 4 
Benefit obligation at end of the year159 171 180 186 
Change in plan assets:    
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year173 169 175 152 
Actual return on plan assets1 14 16 16 
Employer contributions— — 5 7 
Benefits paid and employee contributions(10)(10)1 2 
Settlements and curtailments(1)
— — (11)(16)
Foreign currency translation— — (11)10 
Other— — 8 4 
Fair value of plan assets at end of year164 173 183 175 
Funded status of plans$5 $2 $3 $(11)
Amounts recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheet consist of:    
Non-current assets(2)
5 2 18 9 
Non-current liabilities(3)
— — (15)(20)
Net amount recognized$5 $2 $3 $(11)
(1)In Switzerland, the total lump sum benefit payments of $11 million and $16 million were greater than the service cost and interest cost for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, therefore settlement accounting was applied. Following the settlement accounting, part of the previously unrecognized gain amounting to approximately $1 million and $1 million, respectively, was recognized as a gain on pension settlement.
(2)Included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3)Included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Summary of Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss Associated with Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Amounts recognized in AOCI associated with our pension and other postretirement benefit plans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follow:
Pension Benefits
U.S.
Plans		 U.S.
Plans		 Non-U.S.
Plans		 Non-U.S.
Plans
20242023 20242023
(Dollars in millions)
Prior service (credit) cost$— $— $(7)$(7)
Net actuarial loss (gain)9 11 (14)(12)
Net amount recognized$9 $11 $(21)$(19)
Summary of Net Periodic Benefit (Income) Cost and Other Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss
The components of net periodic benefit (income) cost for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans are as follow:
 Pension Benefits
 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
Net Periodic Benefit Cost202420232022202420232022
(Dollars in millions)
Service cost$— $— $1 $7 $6 $7 
Interest cost8 8 5 4 5 2 
Expected return on plan assets(8)(8)(9)(7)(9)(6)
Amortization of prior service (credit) cost— — — (1)(1)(1)
Recognition of actuarial (gains) losses— — — (8)(1)(27)
Settlements and curtailments— — — (1)(1)(1)
Net periodic benefit (income) cost$— $— $(3)$(6)$(1)$(26)
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefits Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss
The components of net periodic benefit (income) cost and other amounts recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans include the following components:
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefits Obligations Recognized in
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss		U.S. PlansNon-U.S. Plans
202420232022202420232022
(Dollars in millions)
Actuarial (gains) losses$(3)$(1)$14 $(11)$— $(33)
Prior service (credit) cost— — — (1)— — 
Recognition of prior service credit (cost)— — — 1 1 1 
Recognition of actuarial gains (losses)— — — 9 2 30 
Foreign currency translation— — — 1 (2)— 
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss$(3)$(1)$14 $(1)$1 $(2)
Total recognized in net periodic benefit (income) cost and other comprehensive (income) loss$(3)$(1)$11 $(7)$— $(28)
Summary of Major Actuarial Assumptions Used in Determining Benefit Obligations and Net Periodic Benefit (Income) Cost
The main actuarial assumptions used in determining the benefit obligations and net periodic benefit (income) cost for the benefit plans are presented in the following table as weighted averages.
Pension Benefits
U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
202420232022202420232022
Actuarial assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of December 31:
Discount rate5.68 %5.02 %5.21 %2.21 %2.36 %2.91 %
Expected annual rate of compensation increase3.00 %3.00 %4.98 %2.11 %2.38 %4.93 %
Interest credited to accounts (1)
— %— %— %2.65 %2.65 %3.00 %
Actuarial assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit (income) cost for years ended December 31:
Discount rate—benefit obligation5.02 %5.21 %2.95 %2.36 %2.91 %0.80 %
Discount rate—service cost5.05 %5.23 %3.00 %2.36 %2.91 %0.82 %
Discount rate—interest cost4.91 %5.09 %2.38 %2.35 %2.94 %0.73 %
Expected rate of return on plan assets4.86 %4.98 %3.97 %4.42 %4.94 %3.36 %
Expected annual rate of compensation increase3.00 %3.00 %3.20 %2.38 %2.43 %1.99 %
(1)Only applicable to the defined benefit pension plan in Switzerland.
Summary of Amounts Relate to Significant Pension Plans with Accumulated Benefit Obligations Exceeding Fair Value of Plan Assets
The following amounts relate to our pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations exceeding the fair value of plan assets.
December 31,
U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans
2024202320242023
(Dollars in millions)
Projected benefit obligation$— $— $85 $87 
Accumulated benefit obligation— — 84 84 
Fair value of plan assets— — 78 76 
Summary of Fair Values of Both U.S. and Non-U.S. Pension Plans Assets by Asset Category
The fair values of both our U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans assets by asset category are as follows:
U.S. Plans
December 31, 2024
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(Dollars in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$3 $3 $— $— 
Equity funds12 — 12 — 
Government bond funds39 — 39 — 
Corporate bond funds93 — 93 — 
Liability driven investment fund13 — 13 — 
Real estate funds2 — 2 — 
Other2 — 2 — 
Total assets at fair value$164 $3 $161 $— 
U.S. Plans
December 31, 2023
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
(Dollars in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$3 $3 $— $— 
Equity funds7 — 7 — 
Government bond funds51 — 51 — 
Corporate bond funds103 — 103 — 
Real estate funds7 — 7 — 
Other2 — 2 — 
Total assets at fair value$173 $3 $170 $— 
Non-U.S. Plans
December 31, 2024
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
(Dollars in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$6 $6 $— $— 
Money market funds29 29 — — 
Equity funds49 — 49 — 
Government bond funds6 — 6 — 
Corporate bond funds13 — 13 — 
Real estate funds19 — 19 — 
Diversified mutual funds49 — 49 — 
Other12 — 12 — 
Total assets at fair value$183 $35 $148 $— 
Non-U.S. Plans
December 31, 2023
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
(Dollars in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$7 $7 $— $— 
Money market funds28 28 — — 
Equity funds56 — 56 — 
Government bond funds20 — 20 — 
Real estate funds17 — 17 — 
Diversified mutual funds40 — 40 — 
Other7 — 7 — 
Total assets at fair value$175 $35 $140 $— 
Summary of Benefit Payments
Benefit payments, including amounts to be paid from Company assets, and reflecting expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid as follows:
U.S.
Plans		Non-U.S.
Plans
(Dollars in millions)
2025$12 $4 
202612 5 
202712 5 
202812 6 
202912 7 
2030-203461 44