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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Company's Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The table below represents the values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


	Fair Value Measurement Using:
Description	December 31, 2018		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable (Level 3)
Restricted cash	$	123,376	$	123,376	$	—	$	—


	Fair Value Measurement Using:
Description	December 31, 2017		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable (Level 3)
Restricted cash	$	123,376	$	123,376	$	—	$	—

Warrants	$	2,679,633	$	—	$	—	$	2,679,633

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis

The table below represents a rollforward of the assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2018:


	Significant Observable Inputs (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Balance as of December 31, 2016	$	444,844		$	—	$	—
Cash released from restriction		(321,468	)		—		—
Fair value of warrants issued		—			—		2,214,000
Change in fair value of warrants		—			—		465,633

Balance as of December 31, 2017		123,376			—		2,679,633
Change in fair value of warrants							1,514,775
Exercise of warrants		—			—		(4,194,408	)

Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	123,376		$	—	$	—

Fair Values of Warrants Estimated by Using Black-Scholes Valuation Model

The fair values of the warrants were estimated using the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions:


	June 4, 2018			December 31, 2017			September 21, 2017
Risk-free interest rate		1.77	%		1.72	%		1.38	%
Expected volatility		80	%		80	%		80	%
Expected dividend yield		0			0			0
Expected life		1 day			9 months			18 months

Schedule Of Estimated Useful Lives Of Assets

The estimated useful lives of the asset categories are set forth in the table below:


Asset Category	Useful Lives
Computer and office equipment		3 years
Laboratory equipment		5 years
Manufacturing equipment		7 years
Furniture and fixtures		5 years
Capitalized leasehold interest		25 years
Leasehold improvements		lesser of useful life or remaining term of lease

Schedule of change in asset retirement obligations

The change in asset retirement obligations is as folows:


	For the year ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Balance at beginning of year	$	178,419		$	221,254
Inception of asset retirement obligation		69,286			—
Amortization of interest		(38,301	)		19,313
Change in estimate		(99,090	)		(75,011	)
Effects of exchange rate		17,805			12,863

Balance at end of year	$	128,119		$	178,419

Summary of Non-Current Assets by Geographical Area

The following table summarizes non-current assets by geographical area:


	December 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
United States	$	454,568	$	436,463
United Kingdom		21,788,130		13,942,642

	$	22,242,698	$	14,379,105