Fair value is defined as the price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (that is, an exit price at the measurement date from the perspective of a market participant that holds the asset or owes the liability).

The following hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available:

Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement dates.

Level 2 Significant observable inputs that are used by market participants in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources.

Level 3 Significant unobservable inputs the Company believes market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available.

The carrying amounts shown for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of those instruments. The valuation is based on settlements of similar financial instruments all of which are short-term in nature and are generally settled at or near cost.

A non-qualified deferred compensation plan is available to certain executives. Under this plan, participants may elect to defer up to 70% of their compensation. The Company invests the deferrals in participant-selected diversified investments that are held in a Rabbi Trust and which are classified within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of the investments held in the Rabbi Trust is based on the quoted market prices of the underlying mutual fund investments. These investments are based on the participants’ selected investments, which represent the underlying liabilities to the participants in the non-qualified deferred compensation plan. Gains and losses on these investments are included in Other (income) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company’s objective in entering into derivative transactions is to manage its exposure to interest rate movements associated with its variable rate debt and changes in fuel prices. The Company recognizes derivatives as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and measures those instruments at fair value. The fair values of the derivative financial instruments are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis based on the expected cash flows of each derivative. Although the Company has determined that the significant inputs, such as interest yield curve and discount rate, used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with the Company’s counterparties and its own credit risk utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. As of December 31, 2022, no hedge contracts were outstanding. The Company assessed the significance of the

impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and determined that the credit valuation adjustments were not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives as of September 30, 2022. As a result, the Company has determined that its derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The following tables summarize the financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022:


	December 31, 2022
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Other assets:
Investments held by Rabbi Trust	$	10.8	$	10.8	$	—	$	—
Total assets	$	10.8	$	10.8	$	-	$	—
Other liabilities:
Obligation to Rabbi Trust	$	10.8	$	10.8	$	—	$	—
Total liabilities	$	10.8	$	10.8	$	—	$	—


	September 30, 2022
	Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Other assets:
Investments held by Rabbi Trust	$	10.6	$	10.6	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts		3.0		—		3.0		—
Total Assets	$	13.6	$	10.6	$	3.0	$	—
Other liabilities:
Obligation to Rabbi Trust		10.6		10.6		—		—
Total Liabilities	$	10.6	$	10.6	$	—	$	—

As of September 30, 2022, the Company’s outstanding derivatives qualified as cash flow hedges. As of December 31, 2022, no hedge contracts were outstanding. The Company assesses whether derivatives used in hedging transactions are “highly effective” in offsetting changes in the cash flow of the hedged forecasted transactions. Regression analysis is used for the hedge relationships and high effectiveness is achieved when a statistically valid relationship reflects a high degree of offset and correlation between the fair values of the derivative and the hedged forecasted transaction. The entire change in the fair value for highly effective derivatives is reported in Other comprehensive (loss) income and subsequently reclassified into Interest expense (in the case of interest rate contracts) and Cost of services provided (in the case of fuel hedge contracts) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations when the hedged item affects earnings. If the hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring, then the amount recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income is released to earnings. Cash flows from the derivatives are classified in the same category as the cash flows from the underlying hedged transaction.

The Company has exposures to variability in interest rates associated with its variable interest rate debt, which includes the Series B Term Loan. As such, the Company entered into interest rate swaps to help manage interest rate exposure by economically converting a portion of its variable-rate debt to fixed-rate debt effective for the periods March 18, 2016 through December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, no interest rate hedge contracts were outstanding. The notional amount of interest rate contracts was $500.0 at September 30, 2022.

The Company has exposures to variability in fuel pricing associated with its purchase and usage of fuel during the ordinary course of business operating a large fleet of vehicles and equipment. As such, the Company had entered into gasoline hedge contracts to help reduce its exposure to volatility in the fuel markets. As of December 31, 2022, no fuel hedge contracts were outstanding.