Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Significant Accounting Policies The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. Since the date of those consolidated financial statements, there have been no material changes to its significant accounting policies, apart from the adoption of FASB ASC Topic 842, Leases, effective January 1, 2019, as described below. Basis of Presentation and Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The December 31, 2018 consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited consolidated financial statements. These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, which are contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 29, 2019. The interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position and results of operations. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the Company’s accounts and those of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019, any other interim periods, or any future year or period. Use of Estimates The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the recognition of revenue, the recognition of research and development expenses and the valuation of common stock options used in the determination of stock-based compensation expense. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results could differ from the Company’s estimates. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted the requirements under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), Accounting Standards Codification 842, Leases (“ASC 842”) using the cumulative effect adjustment transition option. Comparative periods have not been restated. This standard requires entities that lease assets to recognize the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases on the balance sheet. The Company elected the available package of practical expedients which allows it to not reassess previous accounting conclusions around whether arrangements are or contain leases, the classification of its leases, and the treatment of initial direct costs. The Company has made an accounting policy election to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet. ASC 842 was issued in order to increase transparency and comparability of financial reporting related to leasing arrangements. The main difference between previous U.S. GAAP (ASC 840) and ASC 842 is the recognition of right-of-use lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases that were classified as operating leases under ASC 840. At January 1, 2019, the Company recorded right-of-use assets of $2.1 million and operating lease liabilities of $2.2 million. Adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on the consolidated statements of operations. For additional information regarding how the Company is accounting for leases under ASC 842, refer to Note 5, Leases. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The guidance is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, but entities are permitted to early adopt either the entire standard or only the provisions that eliminate or modify the requirements. The Company does not expect the adoption of the new guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18 — Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606. This update clarifies the interaction between Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements, and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers by providing guidance on whether certain transactions between collaborative participants should be accounted for as revenue under Topic 606. The amendment improves comparability by allowing the presentation of the units of account in collaborative arrangements that are within the scope of ASC 606 together with revenue accounted for under ASC 606. The standard is effective for fiscal years and the interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The guidance is required to be applied retrospectively to the date of initial application of Topic 606. An entity should recognize the cumulative effect of initially applying the amendments as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings of the later of the earliest annual period presented and the annual period that includes the date of the entity’s initial application of Topic 606. The Company does not expect the adoption of the new guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. Since the date of those consolidated financial statements, there have been no material changes to its significant accounting policies, apart from the adoption of FASB ASC Topic 842, Leases, effective January 1, 2019, as described below.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The December 31, 2018 consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited consolidated financial statements. These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, which are contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 29, 2019. The interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the Company’s accounts and those of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019, any other interim periods, or any future year or period.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the recognition of revenue, the recognition of research and development expenses and the valuation of common stock options used in the determination of stock-based compensation expense. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results could differ from the Company’s estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted the requirements under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), Accounting Standards Codification 842, Leases (“ASC 842”) using the cumulative effect adjustment transition option. Comparative periods have not been restated. This standard requires entities that lease assets to recognize the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases on the balance sheet. The Company elected the available package of practical expedients which allows it to not reassess previous accounting conclusions around whether arrangements are or contain leases, the classification of its leases, and the treatment of initial direct costs. The Company has made an accounting policy election to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet. ASC 842 was issued in order to increase transparency and comparability of financial reporting related to leasing arrangements. The main difference between previous U.S. GAAP (ASC 840) and ASC 842 is the recognition of right-of-use lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases that were classified as operating leases under ASC 840. At January 1, 2019, the Company recorded right-of-use assets of $2.1 million and operating lease liabilities of $2.2 million. Adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on the consolidated statements of operations. For additional information regarding how the Company is accounting for leases under ASC 842, refer to Note 5, Leases.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The guidance is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, but entities are permitted to early adopt either the entire standard or only the provisions that eliminate or modify the requirements. The Company does not expect the adoption of the new guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18 — Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606. This update clarifies the interaction between Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements, and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers by providing guidance on whether certain transactions between collaborative participants should be accounted for as revenue under Topic 606. The amendment improves comparability by allowing the presentation of the units of account in collaborative arrangements that are within the scope of ASC 606 together with revenue accounted for under ASC 606. The standard is effective for fiscal years and the interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The guidance is required to be applied retrospectively to the date of initial application of Topic 606. An entity should recognize the cumulative effect of initially applying the amendments as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings of the later of the earliest annual period presented and the annual period that includes the date of the entity’s initial application of Topic 606. The Company does not expect the adoption of the new guidance to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.