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Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Components of Periodic Benefit Cost Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
    Pension Plan, Retirement Income Maintenance Plan (the "RIM Plan") Post-retirement Plan, and Split-Dollar Life Insurance Plans

    The Company maintains a single employer, tax-qualified defined benefit pension plan (the "Pension Plan") which covers full-time employees that satisfy the Pension Plan's eligibility requirements. The benefits are based on years of service and the employee's average compensation for the highest five consecutive years of employment. Effective October 1, 2018, newly hired employees are not eligible to participate in the Pension Plan as the Pension Plan has been closed to new employees as of that date.

    The Company also maintains a Retirement Income Maintenance Plan (the "RIM Plan") which is a non-qualified defined benefit plan which provides benefits to all employees of the Company if their benefits under the Pension Plan are limited by Internal Revenue Code Sections 415 and 401(a)(17).    

    In addition, the Company provides certain health care and life insurance benefits to eligible retired employees under a Post-retirement Plan. The Company accrues the cost of retiree health care and other benefits during the employee's period of active service. Effective January 1, 2019, the Post-retirement Plan has been closed to new hires.

The Company also provides life insurance benefits to eligible employees under an endorsement split-dollar life insurance program. The Company recognizes a liability for future benefits applicable to endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangements that provide death benefits post-retirement. Through its mergers, the Company recognized additional liability for future benefits applicable to endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangements that provide death benefits post-retirement under those respective Bank's program.
13.    Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost (continued)

Net periodic (income) benefit cost for the Pension Plan, RIM Plan, Post-retirement Plan and Split-Dollar Life Insurance plan benefits for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, includes the following components:

 For the Three Months Ended September 30,
Pension PlanRIM PlanPost-retirement PlanSplit-Dollar Life Insurance
20232022202320222023202220232022 Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Income
(In thousands)
Service cost$1,146 $1,267 $69 $93 $54 $87 $69 $130 Compensation and employee benefits
Interest cost3,028 2,724 158 97 242 150 204 158 Other non-interest expense
Expected return on plan assets(7,905)(7,072)— — — — — — Other non-interest expense
Amortization:
Prior service cost— — — — — — 14 14 Other non-interest expense
Net loss398 660 14 111 — 78 — 151 Other non-interest expense
Net periodic (income) benefit cost$(3,333)$(2,421)$241 $301 $296 $315 $287 $453 


For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Pension PlanRIM PlanPost-retirement PlanSplit-Dollar Life Insurance
20232022202320222023202220232022 Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Income
(In thousands)
Service cost$3,544 $5,199 $207 $279 $161 $261 $208 $383 Compensation and employee benefits
Interest cost8,609 6,786 474 291 727 450 613 453 Other non-interest expense
Expected return on plan assets(22,865)(22,190)— — — — — — Other non-interest expense
Amortization:
Prior service cost— — — — — — 42 42 Other non-interest expense
Net loss397 660 42 333 — 234 — 453 Other non-interest expense
Net periodic (income) benefit cost$(10,315)$(9,545)$723 $903 $888 $945 $863 $1,331 
13.    Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost (continued)

Through the acquisition of RSI on May 1, 2022, the Company acquired a funded pension plan and a non-funded post-retirement plan. The benefits are based on years of service and the employee’s compensation, as defined. The Plan was amended effective March 31, 2011, to freeze the Plan so that no employee shall commence or recommence participation in the Plan, that there shall be no further benefit accruals under the Plan, and that compensation received after the effective date shall not be recognized for any purpose under the Plan. The defined benefit post-retirement healthcare plan covers substantially all retirees and employees.

Net periodic (income) benefit cost for the Pension Plan and Post-retirement Plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, includes the following components:

 For the Three Months Ended September 30,
Pension PlanPost-retirement PlanAffected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Income
2023202220232022
(In thousands)
Service cost$— $— $17 $35 Compensation and employee benefits
Interest cost76 75 26 35 Other non-interest expense
Expected return on plan assets(121)(111)— — Other non-interest expense
Amortization:
Prior service cost— — (15)— Other non-interest expense
Net periodic (income) benefit cost$(45)$(36)$28 $70 


For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Pension PlanPost-retirement PlanAffected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Income
2023202220232022
(In thousands)
Service cost$— $— $51 $58 Compensation and employee benefits
Interest cost229 125 80 58 Other non-interest expense
Expected return on plan assets(365)(185)— — Other non-interest expense
Amortization:
Net (gain)— — (46)— Other non-interest expense
Net periodic (income) benefit cost$(136)$(60)$85 $116 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, no contributions were made to either Pension Plan. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, Columbia Bank made a $10.0 million contribution to its Pension Plan. The net periodic (income) cost for pension benefits, other post-retirement and split-dollar life insurance benefits for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were calculated using the most recent available benefit valuations.