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Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans receivable at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are summarized as follows:
September 30,December 31,
20232022
(In thousands)
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family$2,791,939 $2,860,184 
Multifamily1,417,233 1,239,207 
Commercial real estate2,374,488 2,413,394 
Construction390,940 336,553 
Commercial business loans546,750 497,469 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances267,016 274,302 
Other consumer loans2,586 3,425 
Total gross loans7,790,952 7,624,534 
Purchased credit-deteriorated ("PCD") loans15,228 17,059 
Net deferred loan costs, fees and purchased premiums and discounts34,360 35,971 
Loans receivable$7,840,540 $7,677,564 

    The Company had no loans held-for-sale at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company sold $6.8 million, $7.1 million, and $1.9 million of one-to-four family real estate loans, Small Business Administration ("SBA") loans included in commercial business loans, and construction loans held-for-sale, respectively, resulting in gross gains of $454,000 and $58,000 of gross losses. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company sold $64.6 million, $21.4 million, $18.4 million, and $5.7 million, of one-to-four family real estate loans and home equity loans and advances, commercial real estate loans, SBA loans included in commercial business loans, and construction loans held-for-sale, respectively, resulting in gross gains of $1.4 million and $383,000 of gross losses.

During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company sold $1.8 million, $685,000 and $510,000 of one-to-four family real estate loans, SBA loans included in commercial business loans, and construction loans held-for-sale, respectively, resulting in gross gains of $63,000 and gross losses of $64,000. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company sold $2.4 million, $2.0 million and $1.8 million of one-to-four family real estate loans, SBA loans included in commercial business loans, and construction loans held-for-sale, respectively, resulting in gross gains of $173,000 and gross losses of $64,000.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, no loans were purchased by the Company. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company purchased a $14.7 million commercial real estate participation loan from a third-party financial institution. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, no loans were purchased by the Company.

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, commercial business loans included $902,000 and $1.6 million, respectively, in SBA Payroll Protection Program ("PPP") loans and net deferred fees related to these loans totaling $0 and $13,000, respectively.

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the carrying value of loans serviced by the Company for investors was $555.3 million and $497.1 million, respectively. These loans are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

    
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The following tables summarize the aging of loans receivable by portfolio segment, including non-accrual loans and excluding PCD loans at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023
30-59 Days60-89 Days90 Days or MoreTotal Past DueNon-accrual CurrentTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family$7,807 $2,982 $1,611 $12,400 $4,305 $2,779,539 $2,791,939 
Multifamily — — — — — 1,417,233 1,417,233 
Commercial real estate6,463 — 4,063 10,526 4,063 2,363,962 2,374,488 
Construction— — — — — 390,940 390,940 
Commercial business loans— 5,000 6,602 11,602 6,602 535,148 546,750 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances393 63 89 545 180 266,471 267,016 
Other consumer loans— — — — — 2,586 2,586 
Total loans$14,663 $8,045 $12,365 $35,073 $15,150 $7,755,879 $7,790,952 

December 31, 2022
30-59 Days60-89 Days90 Days or MoreTotal Past DueNon-accrualCurrentTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family$4,063 $1,149 $1,808 $7,020 $2,730 $2,853,164 $2,860,184 
Multifamily — — — — — 1,239,207 1,239,207 
Commercial real estate— 853 2,892 3,745 2,892 2,409,649 2,413,394 
Construction5,218 — — 5,218 — 331,335 336,553 
Commercial business loans220 — 474 694 801 496,775 497,469 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances465 33 286 784 286 273,518 274,302 
Other consumer loans12 16 12 3,409 3,425 
Total loans$9,969 $2,036 $5,472 $17,477 $6,721 $7,607,057 $7,624,534 

The Company considers a loan to be delinquent when we have not received a payment within 30 days of its contractual due date. Generally, a loan is designated as a non-accrual loan when the payment of interest is 90 days or more in arrears of its contractual due date. Non-accruing loans are returned to accrual status after there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally six consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are deemed collectible. The Company identifies loans that may need to be charged-off as a loss, by reviewing all delinquent loans, classified loans and other loans that management may have concerns about collectability. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, non-accrual loans totaled $15.2 million and $6.7 million, respectively. Included in non-accrual loans at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, are 13 and 7 loans totaling $2.8 million and $1.2 million, respectively, which are less than 90 days in arrears.
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

At September 30, 2023 there were no loans past due 90 days or more still accruing interest. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no loans past due 90 days or more still accruing interest.

Purchased credit impaired loans ("PCI") were loans acquired at a discount primarily due to deteriorated credit quality. These loans were initially recorded at fair value at acquisition, based upon the present value of expected future cash flows, with no related allowance for credit losses. In connection with the adoption of CECL on January 1, 2022, all loans considered PCI loans prior to that date were converted to purchase credit-deteriorated ("PCD") loans. Loans acquired in a business combination after January 1, 2022 are recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 326, which requires loans as of the acquisition date, that have experienced a more than insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination to be classified as PCD loans.

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, PCD loans acquired in the Stewardship Financial Corporation ("Stewardship") acquisition totaled $1.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively, PCD loans acquired in the Roselle Bank acquisition totaled $0 and $184,000, respectively, PCD loans acquired in the Freehold Bank acquisition totaled $2.8 million and $3.7 million, respectively, and PCD loans acquired in the RSI Bank acquisition totaled $10.7 million and $11.3 million, respectively.

    We may obtain physical possession of real estate collateralizing a residential mortgage loan via foreclosure or through an in-substance repossession. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no real estate owned. At September 30, 2023 we had one one-to-four family loan with a carrying value of $579,000 and one home equity loan with a carrying value of $89,000, collateralized by residential real estate which were in the process of foreclosure. At December 31, 2022, we had two home equity loans with a total carrying value of $81,000, collateralized by residential real estate which were in the process of foreclosure.

On January 1, 2022, the Company adopted CECL (ASC Topic 326), which replaced the historical incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology. The loan portfolio segmentation was expanded to seven portfolio segments taking into consideration common loan attributes and risk characteristics, as well as historical reporting metrics and data availability. The Company made an accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable from the amortized cost basis of loans receivable. Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable is reported as a component of accrued interest receivable in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition, which totaled $31.6 million and $29.4 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

The allowance for credit losses on loans reflects management’s evaluation of the current expected credit losses in the loan portfolio. The Company maintains the allowance for credit losses through provisions for credit losses that are charged to income. Charge-offs against the allowance for credit losses are taken on loans where management determines that the collection of loan principal and interest is unlikely. Recoveries made on loans that have been charged-off are credited to the allowance for credit losses.

Management estimates the allowance balance using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, related to past events, current conditions, and a reasonable and supportable forecast. Historical credit loss experience for both the Company and peers provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses, where observed credit losses are converted to probability of default rate through the use of segment-specific loss given default risk factors that convert default rates to loss severity based on industry-level, observed relationships between the two variables for each segment, primarily due to the nature of the underlying collateral. These risk factors were assessed for reasonableness against the Company’s own loss experience and adjusted in certain cases when the relationship between the Company’s historical default and loss severity deviate from that of the wider industry. The historical probability of default ("PD") curves, together with corresponding economic conditions, establish a quantitative relationship between economic conditions and loan performance through an economic cycle.

Using the historical relationship between economic conditions and loan performance, management’s expectation of future loan performance is incorporated using an externally developed economic forecast. This forecast is applied over a period that management has determined to be reasonable and supportable. Beyond the period over which management can develop or source a reasonable and supportable forecast, the model will revert to long-term average economic conditions using a straight-line, time-based methodology. The Company's current forecast period is six quarters, with a four quarter reversion period to historical average macroeconomic factors.
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective (pool) basis, with both a quantitative and qualitative analysis that is applied on a quarterly basis, when similar risk characteristics exist. The respective quantitative allowance for each segment is measured using an economic forecast, discounted cash flow modeling methodology in which distinct, segment-specific multi-variate regression models are applied to an external economic forecast. Under the discounted cash flows methodology, expected credit losses are estimated over the effective life of the loans by measuring the difference between the net present value of modeled cash flows and amortized cost basis. Contractual cash flows over the contractual life of the loans are the basis for modeled cash flows, adjusted for modeled defaults and expected prepayments and discounted at the loan-level effective interest rate. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals, and modifications. After quantitative considerations, management applies additional qualitative adjustments so that the allowance for credit loss is reflective of the estimate of lifetime losses that exist in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date.

Portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance for credit losses. Management developed segments for estimating loss based on type of borrower and collateral, which is generally based upon federal call report segmentation. The segments have been combined or sub-segmented as needed to ensure loans of similar risk profiles are appropriately pooled.

The allowance for credit losses on loans individually analyzed for impairment is based upon loans that have been identified through the Company’s loan monitoring process. This process includes the review of delinquent, restructured, and charged-off loans.

Management believes the primary risks inherent in the portfolio are a general decline in the economy, a decline in real estate market values, rising unemployment, and increases in interest rates in the absence of economic improvement. Any one or a combination of these events may adversely affect a borrower's ability to repay its loan, resulting in increased delinquencies and loan losses. Accordingly, the Company has recorded loan losses at a level which is estimated to represent the current risk in its loan portfolio. Management considers it important to maintain the ratio of the allowance for credit losses to total loans at an acceptable level considering the current composition of the loan portfolio.
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

    The following tables summarize loans receivable (including PCD loans) and allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment and impairment method at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023
One-to-Four FamilyMultifamily Commercial Real EstateConstructionCommercial Business Home Equity Loans and AdvancesOther Consumer LoansTotal
(In thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
Individually analyzed loans$186 $$307 $— $107 $29 $— $631 
Collectively analyzed loans11,681 9,507 15,311 6,945 7,704 2,160 53,315 
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality— 140 — 23 — — 167 
Total $11,871 $9,509 $15,758 $6,945 $7,834 $2,189 $$54,113 
Total loans:
Individually analyzed loans$3,967 $401 $16,768 $— $11,692 $611 $— $33,439 
Collectively analyzed loans2,787,972 1,416,832 2,357,720 390,940 535,058 266,405 2,586 7,757,513 
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality1,913 — 11,749 1,039 388 139 — 15,228 
Total loans$2,793,852 $1,417,233 $2,386,237 $391,979 $547,138 $267,155 $2,586 $7,806,180 
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

December 31, 2022
One-to-Four FamilyMultifamily Commercial Real EstateConstructionCommercial Business Home Equity Loans and AdvancesOther Consumer LoansTotal
(In thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
Individually analyzed loans$201 $$99 $— $10 $26 $— $339 
Collectively analyzed loans11,591 7,874 17,961 6,415 6,876 1,654 10 52,381 
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality10 — 51 10 11 — 83 
Total $11,802 $7,877 $18,111 $6,425 $6,897 $1,681 $10 $52,803 
Total loans:
Individually analyzed loans$4,164 $457 $16,729 $— $1,173 $697 $— $23,220 
Collectively analyzed loans2,856,020 1,238,750 2,396,665 336,553 496,296 273,605 3,425 7,601,314 
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality2,158 — 13,116 1,040 496 249 — 17,059 
Total loans$2,862,342 $1,239,207 $2,426,510 $337,593 $497,965 $274,551 $3,425 $7,641,593 

    On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, which eliminated the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. This guidance was applied on a prospective basis. Modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include principal or interest forgiveness, forbearance, interest rate reductions, term extensions, or a combination of these events intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The following tables presents the modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Amortized CostTerm ExtensionCombination of Term Extension, Interest Rate Reduction, and Principal Forgiveness% of Total Class of Loans Receivable
(In thousands)
Commercial real estate$1,038 $1,038 $— — %
Commercial business5,000 — 5,000 0.9 
Total loans$6,038 $1,038 $5,000 0.1 %

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Amortized CostTerm ExtensionCombination of Term Extension, Interest Rate Reduction, and Principal Forgiveness% of Total Class of Loans Receivable
(In thousands)
Commercial real estate$1,038 $1,038 $— — %
Construction2,317 2,317 — 0.6 
Commercial business 5,240 240 5,000 1.0 
Total loans$8,595 $3,595 $5,000 0.1 %

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 there were no modifications.

The following tables describes the types of modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Type of Modifications
Commercial real estate
12 month term extension
Commercial business
12 month term extension, interest rate reduction, and/or principal forgiveness.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Type of Modifications
Commercial real estate
12 month term extension
Construction
12 month term extension
Commercial business
12 month term extension, interest rate reduction, and/or principal forgiveness.
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The Company closely monitors the performance of modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of these modification efforts. The Company did not extend any commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty whose loans had been modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The following tables presents the aging analysis of modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty at September 30, 2023:

Current30-59 Days60-89 Days90 Days or MoreNon-accrual Total
(In thousands)
Commercial real estate$1,038 $— $— $— $— $1,038 
Construction2,317 — — — — 2,317 
Commercial business — — 5,000 — 240 5,240 
Total loans$3,355 $— $5,000 $— $240 $8,595 

The activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:
 For the Three Months Ended September 30,
One-to-Four FamilyMultifamily Commercial Real EstateConstructionCommercial Business Home Equity Loans and AdvancesOther Consumer LoansTotals
(In thousands)
2023
Balance at beginning of period$11,026 $9,392 $16,212 $6,935 $7,690 $2,193 $$53,456 
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses1,063 117 (454)10 1,688 (53)2,379 
Recoveries— — — — 624 49 674 
Charge-offs(218)— — — (2,168)— (10)(2,396)
Balance at end of period$11,871 $9,509 $15,758 $6,945 $7,834 $2,189 $$54,113 
2022
Balance at beginning of period$10,836 $10,932 $14,480 $5,570 $7,284 $1,471 $10 $50,583 
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses1,394 (3,683)3,219 70 120 385 11 1,516 
Recoveries— — — — 76 18 — 94 
Charge-offs(284)— — — — (6)(12)(302)
Balance at end of period$11,946 $7,249 $17,699 $5,640 $7,480 $1,868 $$51,891 
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
One-to-Four FamilyMultifamilyCommercial Real EstateConstructionCommercial BusinessHome Equity Loans and AdvancesOther Consumer LoansTotals
(In thousands)
2023
Balance at beginning of period$11,802 $7,877 $18,111 $6,425 $6,897 $1,681 $10 $52,803 
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses421 1,632 (2,203)520 2,725 460 77 3,632 
Recoveries— — — — 830 73 909 
Charge-offs(352)— (150)— (2,618)(25)(86)(3,231)
Balance at end of period$11,871 $9,509 $15,758 $6,945 $7,834 $2,189 $$54,113 
2022
Balance at beginning of period$8,798 $7,741 $16,114 $8,943 $20,214 $873 $$62,689 
Initial adoption -CECL(2,308)(2,030)(4,227)(2,346)(5,302)(229)(1)(16,443)
Initial allowance related to PCD loans131 — 474 19 — 633 
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses5,364 1,538 5,338 (960)(7,520)1,225 19 5,004 
Recoveries338 — — — 131 26 — 495 
Charge-offs(377)— — — (62)(33)(15)(487)
Balance at end of period$11,946 $7,249 $17,699 $5,640 $7,480 $1,868 $$51,891 
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The following tables present loans individually analyzed loans by segment, excluding PCD loans, at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

At September 30, 2023
Recorded InvestmentUnpaid Principal BalanceSpecific Allowance
(In thousands)
With no allowance recorded:
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family$1,345 $1,693 $— 
Multifamily 51 55 — 
Commercial real estate14,097 15,721 — 
Commercial business loans5,819 7,025 — 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances150 168 — 
21,462 24,662 — 
With a specific allowance recorded:
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family2,622 2,641 186 
Multifamily350 350 
Commercial real estate2,671 2,673 307 
Commercial business loans5,873 5,873 107 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances461 461 29 
11,977 11,998 631 
Total:
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family3,967 4,334 186 
Multifamily 401 405 
Commercial real estate16,768 18,394 307 
Commercial business loans11,692 12,898 107 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances611 629 29 
Total loans$33,439 $36,660 $631 
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
At December 31, 2022
Recorded InvestmentUnpaid Principal BalanceSpecific Allowance
(In thousands)
With no allowance recorded:
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family$1,296 $1,644 $— 
Multifamily 59 63 — 
Commercial real estate14,836 15,699 — 
Commercial business loans143 400 — 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances223 315 — 
16,557 18,121 — 
With a specific allowance recorded:
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family2,868 2,887 201 
Multifamily398 397 
Commercial real estate1,893 1,896 99 
Commercial business loans1,030 1,030 10 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances474 474 26 
6,663 6,684 339 
Total:
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family4,164 4,531 201 
Multifamily 457 460 
Commercial real estate16,729 17,595 99 
Commercial business loans1,173 1,430 10 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances697 789 26 
$23,220 $24,805 $339 

    Specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses attributable to impaired loans totaled $631,000 and $339,000 at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, impaired loans for which there was no related allowance for credit losses totaled $21.5 million and $16.6 million, respectively.

    
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

    The following table presents interest income recognized for individually analyzed loans by loan segment, excluding PCD loans, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
 For the Three Months Ended September 30,
20232022
Average Recorded InvestmentInterest Income RecognizedAverage Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
(In thousands)
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family$4,329 $54 $4,251 $45 
Multifamily 411 598 
Commercial real estate16,653 214 16,086 163 
Commercial business loans7,657 78 1,269 22 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances626 15 777 
Total loans$29,676 $366 $22,981 $245 

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
Average Recorded InvestmentInterest Income RecognizedAverage Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
(In thousands)
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family$4,394 $154 $4,640 $146 
Multifamily429 15 675 28 
Commercial real estate16,452 516 16,254 568 
Commercial business loans4,780 148 1,447 66 
Consumer loans:
Home equity loans and advances657 32 787 29 
Total loans$26,712 $865 $23,803 $837 

Management prepares an analysis each quarter that categorizes the entire loan portfolio by certain risk characteristics such as loan type (residential mortgage, commercial mortgage, construction, commercial business, etc.) and loan risk rating. The categorization of loans into risk categories is based upon relevant information about the borrower's ability to service their debt.
The Company utilizes an eight-point risk rating system to summarize its loan portfolio into categories with similar risk characteristics. Loans deemed to be “acceptable quality” are rated 1 through 4 (Pass), with a rating of 1 established for loans with minimal risk. Loans that are deemed to be of “questionable quality” are rated 5 (Special Mention) or 6 (Substandard). Loans with adverse classifications are rated 7 (Doubtful) or 8 (Loss). The risk ratings are also confirmed through periodic loan review examinations which are currently performed by both an independent third-party and the Company's credit risk review department. The Company requires an annual review be performed above certain dollar thresholds, depending on loan type, to help determine the appropriate risk ratings. Results from examinations are presented to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The following table summarizes the Company's loans by year of origination and internally assigned credit risk rating, excluding PCD loans, at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

Loans by Year of Origination at September 30, 2023
20232022202120202019PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans to Term LoansTotal
(In thousands)
One-to-Four Family
Pass$100,102 $794,991 $806,192 $277,750 $168,116 $640,209 $— $— $2,787,360 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— 1,222 553 155 960 1,689 — — 4,579 
Total One-to-Four Family100,102 796,213 806,745 277,905 169,076 641,898 — — 2,791,939 
Gross charge-offs— 197 — — 152 — — 352 
Multifamily
Pass107,375 315,525 361,644 160,831 204,079 257,498 — — 1,406,952 
Special mention— — — — — 4,525 — — 4,525 
Substandard— 5,756 — — — — — — 5,756 
Total Multifamily107,375 321,281 361,644 160,831 204,079 262,023 — — 1,417,233 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Commercial Real Estate
Pass167,016 417,317 368,522 174,970 240,513 967,119 — — 2,335,457 
Special mention— — 469 — 877 20,620 — — 21,966 
Substandard— — 911 3,094 — 13,060 — — 17,065 
Total Commercial Real Estate167,016 417,317 369,902 178,064 241,390 1,000,799 — — 2,374,488 
Gross charge-offs— — — — 64 86 — — 150 
Construction
Pass61,208 252,894 68,281 4,933 440 3,184 — — 390,940 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total Construction61,208 252,894 68,281 4,933 440 3,184 — — 390,940 
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Loans by Year of Origination at September 30, 2023
20232022202120202019PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans to Term LoansTotal
(In thousands)
Commercial Business
Pass$56,079 $52,324 $30,412 $28,374 $16,834 $42,735 $294,125 $— $520,883 
Special mention131 321 49 114 — 2,284 6,904 — 9,803 
Substandard— 76 123 1,035 5,689 9,134 — 16,064 
Total Commercial Business56,210 52,721 30,584 28,495 17,869 50,708 310,163 — 546,750 
Gross charge-offs— — 31 34 2,249 304 — — 2,618 
Home Equity Loans and Advances
Pass14,856 21,272 18,628 11,684 10,387 87,826 101,716 426 266,795 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — 221 — — 221 
Total Home Equity Loans and Advances14,856 21,272 18,628 11,684 10,387 88,047 101,716 426 267,016 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — 25 — — 25 
Other Consumer Loans
Pass1,921 171 47 11 34 90 312 — 2,586 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total Other Consumer Loans1,921 171 47 11 34 90 312 — 2,586 
Gross charge-offs— 40 45 — — — — 86 
Total Loans508,688 1,861,869 1,655,831 661,923 643,275 2,046,749 412,191 426 7,790,952 
Total gross charge-offs$— $43 $273 $34 $2,313 $568 $— $— $3,231 
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Loans by Year of Origination at December 31, 2022
20222021202020192018PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans to Term LoansTotal
(In thousands)
One-to-Four Family
Pass$829,363 $836,355 $294,721 $177,114 $125,057 $595,097 $— $— $2,857,707 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— 641 — 681 320 835 — — 2,477 
Total One-to-Four family829,363 836,996 294,721 177,795 125,377 595,932 — — 2,860,184 
Gross charge-offs— — 50 — 122 210 — — 382 
Multifamily
Pass315,157 309,611 167,955 205,608 38,849 197,489 — — 1,234,669 
Special mention— — — — — 4,538 — — 4,538 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total Multifamily315,157 309,611 167,955 205,608 38,849 202,027 — — 1,239,207 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Commercial Real Estate
Pass448,313 392,689 170,125 260,268 231,868 852,104 — — 2,355,367 
Special mention— 478 1,843 892 15,498 20,939 — — 39,650 
Substandard— — 1,286 1,607 — 15,484 — — 18,377 
Total Commercial Real Estate448,313 393,167 173,254 262,767 247,366 888,527 — — 2,413,394 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Construction
Pass159,751 104,339 28,058 14,216 870 29,319 — — 336,553 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total Construction159,751 104,339 28,058 14,216 870 29,319 — — 336,553 
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Loans by Year of Origination at December 31, 2022
20222021202020192018PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans to Term LoansTotal
(In thousands)
Commercial Business
Pass$58,631 $32,880 $32,788 $20,705 $24,634 $27,277 $280,857 $— $477,772 
Special mention— 110 63 1,137 1,030 38 10,761 — 13,139 
Substandard— 224 60 — 2,085 315 3,874 — 6,558 
Total Commercial Business58,631 33,214 32,911 21,842 27,749 27,630 295,492 — 497,469 
Gross charge-offs— — — 143 29 18 — — 190 
Home Equity Loans and Advances
Pass22,903 20,476 13,770 12,070 11,126 88,251 105,005 457 274,058 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — 188 56 — 244 
Total Home Equity Loans and Advances22,903 20,476 13,770 12,070 11,126 88,439 105,061 457 274,302 
Gross charge-offs— — — — — 33 — — 33 
Other Consumer Loans
Pass2,669 87 100 102 30 96 341 — 3,425 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total Other Consumer Loans2,669 87 100 102 30 96 341 — 3,425 
Gross charge-offs10 18 — — — — — 33 
Total Loans1,836,787 1,697,890 710,769 694,400 451,367 1,831,970 400,894 457 7,624,534 
Total gross charge-offs$10 $18 $50 $143 $151 $266 $— $— $638 
9.    Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The Company is required to include unfunded commitments that are expected to be funded in the future within the allowance calculation, other than those that are unconditionally cancellable. To arrive at that reserve, the reserve percentage for each applicable segment is applied to the unused portion of the expected commitment balance and is multiplied by the expected funding rate. To determine the expected funding rate, the Company uses a historical utilization rate for each segment. The allowance for credit losses for off-balance-sheet exposures is reported in other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The liability represents an estimate of expected credit losses arising from off-balance-sheet exposures such as unfunded commitments. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments, included in other liabilities, totaled $5.8 million and $7.0 million, respectively. The Company recorded a reversal of provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments, included in other non-interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income, of $520,000 and $1.2 million and $1.7 million and $1.6 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet exposures for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
(In thousands)
Allowance for Credit Losses:
Beginning balance
$6,330 $8,358 $6,970 $524 
Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13 ("CECL") effective January 1, 2022— — — 7,674 
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses(520)(1,747)(1,160)(1,587)
Balance at end of period
$5,810 $6,611 $5,810 $6,611