XML 93 R28.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.19.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Columbia Financial, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary, Columbia Bank (the "Bank") and the Bank's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Columbia Investment Services, Inc., 2500 Broadway Corp. 1901 Residential Management Co. LLC, Plaza Financial Services, Inc., First Jersey Title Services, Inc., Real Estate Management Corp. LLC, 1901 Commercial Management Co. LLC, and CSB Realty Corp. (collectively, the “Company”). In consolidation, all intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated. Certain reclassifications have been made in the consolidated financial statements to conform with current year classifications.

The Company also owns 100% of the common stock of Columbia Financial Capital Trust I (the "Trust"). The Trust was used to issue trust preferred securities. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 810, Consolidation, the Trust was classified as a variable interest entity and did not satisfy the conditions for consolidation. Accordingly, the Trust was treated as an unconsolidated subsidiary. In August 2018, the Company redeemed, in full $51.5 million of junior subordinated debt securities, which represented 100% of the assets of the Trust.
Basis of Financial Statement Presentation
Basis of Financial Statement Presentation
    
The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities as of the dates of the consolidated statements of financial condition, and revenues and expenses for the periods then ended. Such estimates are used in connection with the determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, evaluation of goodwill for impairment, evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment on securities, evaluation of the need for valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, and determination of liabilities related to retirement and other post-retirement benefits, among others. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Such estimates and assumptions are adjusted when facts and circumstances dictate. Illiquid credit markets, volatile securities markets, and declines in the housing market and the economy generally have combined to increase the uncertainty inherent in such estimates and assumptions. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Changes in estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements in future periods.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks and interest-bearing deposits at other financial institutions. The Company is required by the Federal Reserve Bank System to maintain cash reserves equal to a percentage of certain deposits.
Securities
Securities

Securities include investment securities classified as available for sale and held to maturity. Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at the time of purchase. If the Company does not have the intent to hold securities until maturity, these securities are classified as available for sale. The available for sale securities portfolio is carried at estimated fair value, with any unrealized holding gains or losses, net of taxes, reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss in Stockholders' Equity. The fair values of these securities are based on market quotations or matrix pricing as discussed in Note 3. Management conducts a periodic review and evaluation of the securities portfolio to determine if any declines in the fair value of securities are other-than-temporary. In this evaluation, if such decline were deemed other-than temporary, management would measure the total credit-related component of the unrealized loss, and recognize that portion of the loss as a charge to current period earnings. The remaining portion of the unrealized loss would be recognized as an adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income. The fair value of the securities portfolio is significantly affected by changes in interest rates. In general, as interest rates rise, the fair value of fixed-rate securities decreases and as interest rates fall, the fair value of fixed-rate securities increases. The Company determines if it has the intent to sell these securities or if it more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell the securities before the anticipated recovery. If either exists, the decline in value is considered other-than-temporary and would be recognized as an expense in the current period.
    
Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized and accreted to income over the contractual lives of the securities using the level-yield method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses are recognized when securities are sold or called based on the specific identification method.

In the ordinary course of business, securities are pledged as collateral in conjunction with the Company’s borrowings and lines of credit.
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

The Bank, as a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (the "FHLB"), is required to hold shares of capital stock of the FHLB at cost based on its activities, primarily its outstanding borrowings. The Bank carries the investment at cost, which approximates fair value.
Loans Held-for-Sale
Loans Held-for-Sale

Loans held-for-sale consist of conforming loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market. These loans are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value, less costs to sell, as determined on an individual loan basis. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized in a valuation allowance through charges to earnings. Origination fees and costs on loans held-for-sale are deferred and recognized as a component of the gain or loss on sale. Loans held-for-sale are generally sold with loan servicing rights retained by the Bank.
Loans Receivable
Loans Receivable

Loans receivable are carried at unpaid principal balances adjusted by unamortized premiums and unearned discounts, net deferred origination fees and costs less the allowance for loan losses. The Bank defers loan origination fees and certain direct loan origination costs and accretes such amounts as an adjustment to the yield over the expected lives of the related loans using the level-yield method. Interest income on loans is accrued and credited to income as earned. Premiums and discounts on loans purchased are amortized or accreted as an adjustment to yield over the contractual lives of the related loans using methodologies which approximate the level-yield method.

A loan is considered delinquent when payment has not been received within 30 days of its contractual due date. The accrual of income on loans is discontinued when they are past due 90 days or more as to contractual obligations, or other circumstances indicate that collection is questionable. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, any interest accrued but not received is reversed against interest income. Payments received on a non-accrual loan are either applied to the outstanding principal balance or recorded as interest income, depending on an assessment of the ability to collect the loan. A loan is returned to accrual status when all amounts due have been received and the remaining principal is deemed collectible. Loans are generally charged off after an analysis is completed which indicates that collectability of the full principal balance is in doubt.

(2)    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Loans Receivable (continued)

An impaired loan is defined as a loan for which it is probable, based on current information, that the Bank will not collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The Bank considers the population of loans in its impairment analysis to include all multifamily and commercial real estate, construction, and commercial business loans with an outstanding balance greater than $500,000 and not accruing, and loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring. The Company also considers residential real estate, and home equity loans and advances that are not accruing or modified in a troubled debt restructuring for impairment. Other loans may be included in the population of loans in its impairment analysis if management has specific information of a collateral shortfall. Loan impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, as a practical expedient, at the loan's observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Payments received on impaired loans are recognized on a cash basis.
Allowance for Loan Losses
Allowance for Loan Losses

Losses on loans are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Additions to this allowance are made by recoveries of loans previously charged off and by a provision charged to expense. The determination of the balance of the allowance for loan losses is based on an analysis of the loan portfolio, economic conditions, historical loan loss experience and other factors that warrant recognition in providing an adequate allowance. Estimates and judgments required to establish the allowance include: overall economic conditions; value of collateral; strength of guarantors; loss exposure at default; the amount and timing of future cash flows on impaired loans; and determination of loss factors to be applied to the various elements of the portfolio. All of these estimates are susceptible to significant change. Management regularly reviews the level of loss experience, current economic conditions and other factors related to the collectability of the loan portfolio. While management uses available information, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions in the Bank's market area. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Bank's allowance for loan losses and they may require the Bank to recognize additions to the allowance or additional write-downs based on judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.
Troubled Debt Restructuring
Troubled Debt Restructuring

Troubled debt restructured loans are those loans where the Company has granted a concession it would not otherwise consider because of economic or legal reasons pertaining to a debtor’s financial difficulties. A concession could include a reduced interest rate below a market rate, an extension of the term of the loan, or a combination of the two methods, but generally does not result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. Not all concessions granted by the Company constitute a troubled debt restructuring. Once an obligation has been restructured and designated as a troubled debt restructuring, it continues to be designed as a restructured loan until paid in full. The Company records an impairment charge equal to the difference between the present value of expected future cash flows under the restructured terms discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate, and the loan’s carrying value. Changes in the calculated impairment due to the passage of time are recorded as an adjustment to the allowance for loan losses.

Restructured loans that were accruing prior to the restructuring, where income was reasonably assured subsequent to the restructuring, maintain their accrual status. Restructured loans for which collectability was not reasonably assured are placed on non-accrual status, interest accruals cease, and uncollected accrued interest is reversed and charged against current income. A non-accrual restructured loan would be returned to an accrual status when there is a sustained period of repayment performance, generally six consecutive months, and both principal and interest are deemed collectible.

Loans Sold and Serviced
Loans Sold and Serviced

The Company periodically enters into Guarantor Swaps with Freddie Mac. In these types of transactions, the Company sells mortgage loans in exchange for Freddie Mac Mortgage Participation Certificates backed exclusively by the mortgages sold. The Company retains the servicing of the loans in these transactions. The Company also periodically sells loans to investors and continues to service such loans for a fee. Gains or losses on the sale of loans are recorded on the trade date using the specific-identification method.
Real Estate Owned
Real Estate Owned

Real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure is carried at the lower of the recorded investment in the loan at the time of foreclosure or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is generally based on recent appraisals. The excess, if any, of the loan amount over the fair value of the asset acquired is charged off against the allowance for loan losses at the date the
property is acquired. Subsequent write-downs in the value of real estate owned, as well as holding costs, and any gains or losses realized upon sale of the property are recorded as as incurred.
Office Properties and Equipment
Office Properties and Equipment

Land is carried at cost. Office properties, land and building improvements, furniture and equipment, and leasehold improvements are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization of office properties and equipment is computed on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives (generally 40 years for buildings, 10 to 20 years for land and building improvements, 5 to 10 years for furniture and equipment). Leasehold improvements, carried at cost, net of accumulated depreciation, are amortized over the terms of the related leases or the estimated useful lives of the assets, whichever is shorter. Major improvements are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance costs are charged to expense as incurred. Upon retirement or sale, any gain or loss is recognized as incurred.
Bank-owned Life Insurance
Bank-owned Life Insurance

Bank-owned life insurance is accounted for using the cash surrender value method and is recorded at its net realizable value. The change in the net asset value is recorded as a component of non-interest income. A deferred liability has been recorded for the estimated cost of post-retirement life insurance benefits accruing to applicable employees and directors covered by an endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangement.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Intangible assets of the Bank consist of goodwill and mortgage servicing rights. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of identifiable net assets acquired through purchase acquisitions. In accordance with GAAP, goodwill with an indefinite useful life is not amortized, but is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate potential impairment between annual measurement dates. As permitted by GAAP, the Company prepares a qualitative assessment in determining whether goodwill may be impaired, annually. The factors considered in the assessment include macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions and overall financial performance of the Company, among others. The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2018 based upon its qualitative assessment of goodwill and concluded that goodwill was not impaired and no further quantitative analysis was warranted.

Mortgage servicing rights are recorded when purchased or when originated mortgage loans are sold, with servicing rights retained. Mortgage servicing rights are amortized on an accelerated method based upon the estimated lives of the related loans, adjusted for prepayments. Mortgage servicing rights are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value.
Post-retirement Benefits
Post-retirement Benefits

The Company provides certain health care and life insurance benefits to eligible retired employees, along with a split-dollar BOLI death benefit. The Company accrues the cost of retiree health care and other benefits during the employees’ period of active service.

The Company accounts for benefits in accordance with Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") Topic 715, Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits. The guidance requires an employer to: (a) recognize in its statement of financial position the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefit post-retirement plan measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation; (b) measure a plan’s assets and its obligations that determine its funded status as of the end of the employer’s fiscal year (with limited exceptions); and (c) recognize as a component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, the actuarial gains and losses and the prior service costs and credits that arise during the period.
Employee Benefits

Employee Benefit Plans

The Company maintains a tax-qualified defined benefit pension plan ( the "Pension Plan") which covers full-time employees that satisfy the plan eligibility requirements. During 2018, the pension plan was amended. Effective October 1, 2018, employees hired
by the Bank are not eligible to participate in the Company's pension plan as the plan has been closed to new employees as of the effective date.

The Company's policy is to fund at least the minimum contribution required by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. GAAP requires an employer to: (a) recognize in its statement of financial position the over-funded or under-funded status of a defined benefit post-retirement plan measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation; (b) measure a plan’s assets and its obligations that determine its funded status at the end of the employer’s fiscal year (with limited exceptions); and (c) recognize as a component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, the actuarial gains and losses and the prior service costs and credits that arise during the period. The assets of the plan are primarily invested in fixed debt and equity.
    
The Company has a retirement income maintenance plan (the "RIM Plan"). The RIM Plan is a non-qualified defined benefit plan which provides benefits to all employees of the Company if their benefits under the Pension Plan are limited by the Internal Revenue Code.

The Company has a 401(k) plan covering substantially all employees of the Company. The Company may match a percentage of the first 3.00% to 4.50% contributed by participants. The Company's matching contribution, if any, is determined by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion.

    The Company has an Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP"). The funds borrowed by the ESOP from the Company to purchase the Company's common stock are being repaid from the Bank's contributions over a period of 20 years. The Company's common stock not allocated to participants is recorded as a reduction of stockholders' equity at cost. Compensation expense for the ESOP is based on the average price of the Company's stock and the amount of shares committed to be allocated during each period.

The Company has a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP"). The SERP is a non-qualified plan which provides supplemental retirement benefits to eligible officers (those designated by the Board of Directors) of the Company who are prevented from receiving the full benefits contemplated by the ESOP's benefit formulas under tax law limits for tax-qualified plans. In addition, the Company maintains a stock based deferral plan (the "Stock Based Deferral Plan") for certain executives and directors. The Company records a deferred compensation equity account and corresponding contra-equity account for the cost of the shares held by the Stock Based Deferral and SERP Plans.

The Company also maintains a non-qualified savings income maintenance deferred compensation plan (the "SIM Plan") that provides supplemental benefits to certain executives who are prevented from receiving the full benefits contemplated by the 401(k) Plan under tax law limits for tax-qualified plans, and a Deferred Compensation Plan for directors.

Derivatives
Derivatives

The Company records all derivatives on the consolidated statements of financial condition at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Interest rate swaps are designated as a cash flow hedge and satisfies hedge accounting requirements involving the receipt of variable amounts from a counter-party in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. For derivatives which are designed as cash flow hedges and satisfy hedge accounting requirements, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), and are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of a change in the fair value of these derivatives are recognized directly in earnings.
    
The fair value of the Company’s derivatives are determined using discounted cash flow analysis using observable market- based inputs.

Income Taxes
Income Taxes

The Company and its subsidiaries file consolidated federal income tax returns. Federal income taxes are allocated to each entity based on their respective contributions to taxable income of the consolidated income tax returns. Separate state income tax returns are filed for the Company and each of its subsidiaries. For the three months ended December 31, 2017, income tax expense included the impact of the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Act"), which was enacted in December 2017, and reduced the maximum statutory federal income tax rate from 35% to 21%. This resulted in a charge to reduce the carrying value of the Company's net deferred income tax assets, which are included in the consolidated statements of financial condition. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2018, the federal income tax rate applicable to the Company was 21%.

The Company records income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, using the asset and liability method. The amounts reflected on the Company's federal and state income tax returns differ from these provisions due principally to temporary differences in the reporting of certain items for consolidated financial statement reporting and income tax reporting purposes. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities: (i) are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns; (ii) are attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases; and (iii) are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Where applicable, deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance for any portions determined not likely to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income tax expense in the period that includes the enactment date. The valuation allowance is adjusted, by a charge or credit to income tax expense, as changes in facts and circumstances warrant.

Income taxes are allocated to the individual entities within the consolidated group based on the effective tax rate of the entity. The Company did not have any liabilities for uncertain tax positions or any known unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company did not recognize any interest and penalties during the years ended December 31, 2018, September 30, 2017 and 2016, and the three months ended December 31, 2017.

On July 1, 2018, New Jersey enacted legislation which adds to the state’s 9.0% Corporation Business Tax rate (i) a 2.5% surtax for periods beginning in 2018 and 2019 and (ii) a 1.5% surtax for periods beginning in 2020 and 2021. These surtaxes apply to corporations with more than $41.0 million of net income allocated to New Jersey and expire beginning in 2022. Also, for periods beginning in 2017, New Jersey has reduced the dividends-received deduction from 100% to 95% for certain dividend income received by a corporation from a subsidiary that is at least 80% owned by the corporation. In addition, for periods beginning in 2019, New Jersey has adopted combined income tax reporting for certain members of a commonly-controlled unitary business group.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized holding gains and losses on securities available-for-sale, the noncredit component of other than temporary impairment losses on debt securities, unrealized gains and losses on derivatives, and the unfunded status of employee benefit plans. Comprehensive income is presented in a separate Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase and Other Borrowings
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase and Other Borrowings

The Company enters into sales of securities under agreement to repurchase and collateral pledge agreements with selected dealers and banks. Such agreements are accounted for as secured financing transactions since the Company maintains effective control over the transferred or pledged securities. Obligations under these agreements are recorded as liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Segment Reporting
Segment Reporting

The Company’s operations are solely in the financial services industry and include providing traditional banking and other financial services to its customers. The Company operates primarily in New Jersey. Management makes operating decisions and assesses performance based on an ongoing review of the Company’s consolidated financial results. Therefore, the Company has a single operating segment for financial reporting purposes.
Earnings Per Share
Earnings Per Share (EPS)
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. For purposes of calculating basic EPS, weighted average common shares outstanding excludes unallocated employee stock ownership plan shares that have not been committed for release and deferred compensation obligations required to be settled in shares of Company stock. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution which could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock (such as stock options) were exercised and or resulted in the issuance of common stock. These potentially dilutive shares would then be included in the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period using the treasury stock method. Shares issued and reacquired during any period are weighted for the portion of the period that they were outstanding.
During the years ended December 31, 2018, September 30, 2017 and 2016, and the three months ended December 31, 2017, the Company did not have any stock options outstanding.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements

As an “emerging growth company” as defined in Title 1 of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act, the Company has elected to use the extended transition period to delay the adoption of new or reissued accounting pronouncements applicable to public
companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies.

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted

In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). The updated guidance allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act disclosed in Note 12. The purpose of the guidance is to improve the usefulness of the information reported to the financial statement users. The guidance is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2018-02 for the period ended December 31, 2017 and the impact of the adoption resulted in a reclassification adjustment between accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings of $11.7 million.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)- Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") Overnight Index Swap ("OSI") Rate as a Benchmark Interest Tate for Hedge Accounting Purposes. This ASU permits the use of the OIS rate based upon SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for purposes of applying hedge accounting under Topic 815. This is the fifth U.S. benchmark interest rate eligible for use in hedge accounting in addition to the direct Treasury obligations of the U.S. Government, the LIBOR swap rate, the OIS rate based on the Fed Funds Effective Rate, and the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association Municipal Swap Rate. The amendments in this ASU are required to be adopted concurrently with the amendments in ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which was issued in August 2017. The purpose of this updated guidance is to better align a company’s financial reporting for hedging activities with the economic objectives of those activities. The effective date for this ASU for the Company is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption, including adoption in an interim period, permitted. ASU 2017-12 requires a modified retrospective transition method in which the company will recognize the cumulative effect of the change on the opening balance of each affected component of equity in the statement of financial position as of the date of adoption. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
    
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The purpose of this updated guidance is to improve the effectiveness and disclosures in the notes to the financial statements. The ASU removes the requirement to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; removes the policy for timing of transfers between levels and removes the disclosure related to the valuation process for Level 3 fair value measurements. The ASU also modifies existing disclosure requirements which relate to the disclosure for investments in certain entities which calculate net asset value and clarifies the disclosure about uncertainty in the measurements as of the reporting date. For all entities, the effective date for this guidance is fiscal years beginning after December
15, 2019, including interim periods within the reporting period, with early adoption permitted. Entities are also allowed to elect early adoption of the eliminated or modified disclosure requirements and delay adoption of the new disclosure requirements until their effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

(2)    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted (continued)

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. This guidance shortens the amortization period for premiums on callable debt securities by requiring that premiums be amortized to the first (or earliest) call date instead of as an adjustment to the yield over the contractual life. This change more closely aligns the accounting with the economics of a callable debt security and the amortization period with expectations that already are included in market pricing on callable debt securities. This guidance does not change the accounting for discounts on callable debt securities, which will continue to be amortized to the maturity date. This guidance includes only instruments that are held at a premium and have explicit call features.

It does not include instruments that contain prepayment features, such as mortgage backed securities; nor does it include call options that are contingent upon future events or in which the timing or amount to be paid is not fixed. The effective date for this ASU for the Company is fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within the reporting period, with early adoption permitted. Transition is on a modified retrospective basis with an adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. If early adopted in an interim period, adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a significant impact on the its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Post-retirement Benefit Cost, which requires that companies disaggregate the service cost component from other components of net benefit cost. This update calls for companies that offer post-retirement benefits to present the service cost, which is the amount an employer has to set aside each quarter or fiscal year to cover the benefits, in the same line item with other current employee compensation costs. Other components of net benefit cost will be presented in the income statement separately from service costs component and outside the subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. The effective date for this ASU for the Company is fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this standard, effective January 1, 2019, did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The main objective of this guidance is to simplify the accounting for goodwill impairment by requiring that impairment charges be based upon the first step in the current two-step impairment test under ASC 350. Currently, if the fair value of a reporting unit is lower than its carrying amount (Step 1), an entity calculates any impairment charge by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount (Step 2). The implied fair value of goodwill is calculated by deducting the fair value of all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit from the reporting unit’s fair value as determined in Step 1. To determine the implied fair value of goodwill, entities estimate the fair value of any unrecognized intangible assets and any corporate-level assets or liabilities that were included in the determination of the carrying amount and fair value of the reporting unit in Step 1. Under this guidance, if a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, an entity will record an impairment charge based on that difference. The impairment charge will be limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This guidance eliminates the requirement to calculate a goodwill impairment charge using Step 2. This guidance does not change the guidance on completing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test. Under this guidance, an entity will still be able to perform the current optional qualitative goodwill impairment assessment before determining whether to proceed to Step 1. The guidance in the ASU will be applied prospectively and is effective for the Company for annual and interim impairment tests performed in periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a significant impact on the its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, a new standard which addresses diversity in practice related to eight specific cash flow issues: debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that
are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies (including bank-owned life insurance policies), distributions received from equity method investees, beneficial interests in securitization
transactions and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. This guidance in the ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. If it is impracticable to apply the amendments retrospectively for some of the issues, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest


(2)    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted (continued)

date practicable. The adoption of this standard, effective January 1, 2019, did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This guidance provides financial statement users with more decision-useful information about expected credit losses on financial instruments by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The amendments of this guidance require financial assets measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected.

The allowance for credit losses would represent a valuation account that would be deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The income statement would reflect the measurement of credit losses that have taken place during the period. The measurement of expected credit losses would be based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. An entity would be required to use judgment in determining the relevant information and estimation methods that are appropriate in its circumstances. The guidance in the ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating its existing systems and data to support the new standard as well as assessing the impact that the guidance will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company has formed a working group under the direction of the Chief Accounting Officer that is primarily comprised of individuals from various functional areas including finance, credit, risk management, and operations, among others. A detailed implementation plan was developed which includes an assessment of the processes, portfolio segmentation, model development and validation, and system requirements and resources needed. The Company has engaged a third-party vendor to assist with model development, data governance and operational controls to support the adoption of this ASU. Furthermore, this ASU will necessitate establishing an allowance for expected credit losses on debt securities. The Company has begun its evaluation of the guidance including the potential impact on its consolidated financial statements. The extent of the change is indeterminable at this time as it will be dependent upon portfolio composition and credit quality at the adoption date, as well as economic conditions and forecasts at that time. Upon adoption, any impact to the allowance for credit losses will have an impact on retained earnings.
    
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This guidance requires all lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset, measured at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, at the lease commencement date for leases classified as operating leases as well as finance leases. The update also requires new quantitative disclosures related to leases in the Company's consolidated financial statements. There are also practical expedients in this update related to leases that commenced before the effective date, initial direct costs and the use of hindsight to extend or terminate a lease or purchase a leased asset. Lessor accounting remains largely unchanged under this new guidance. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, Leases (Topic 842)-Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842, which provides an optional practical expedient to not evaluate land easements which were existing or expired before the adoption of Topic 842 that were not accounted for as leases under Topic 840. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases and ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842) -Targeted Improvements which provides entities with an optional transition method under which comparative periods presented in the financial statements will continue to be in accordance with current Topic 840, Leases, and a practical expedient to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease component. The guidance is effective for the Company for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently in the process of identifying and evaluating the impact of this guidance and, as such, no conclusions have yet been reached regarding the potential impact on adoption on the Company's consolidated financial statements, however, the Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on its results of operations.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments- Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. This guidance requires an entity to: i) measure equity investments at fair value through net income, with certain exceptions; (ii) present in other comprehensive income the changes in instrument-specific credit risk for financial liabilities measured using the fair value option; (iii) present financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset; (iv) calculate the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes based on an exit price and; (v) assess a valuation
allowance on deferred tax assets related to unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities in combination with other deferred tax assets. This guidance provides an election to subsequently measure certain non-marketable equity investments at cost less any impairment and adjusted for certain observable price changes. The guidance also requires a qualitative impairment assessment of such equity investments and amends certain fair value disclosure requirements. The guidance in the ASU is effective for the Company for annual

(2)    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted (continued)

periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Upon adoption of this standard, effective January 1, 2019, the Company recorded a cumulative adjustment of $548,000 from other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers." The objective of this amendment is to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for U.S. GAAP. This update affects any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of non-financial assets unless those contracts are in the scope of other standards. The guidance in the ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted.

Subsequently, the FASB issued the following standards related to ASU No. 2014-09: ASU No. 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations;” ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing;” ASU No. 2016-11, “Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of ASU No. 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting;” and ASU No. 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients”. These amendments are intended to improve and clarify the implementation guidance of ASU No. 2014-09 and have the same effective date as the original guidance. The Company's revenue is primarily comprised of net interest income on interest earning assets and liabilities and non-interest income. The scope of guidance explicitly excludes net interest income as well as other revenues associated with financial assets and liabilities, including loans, leases, securities and derivatives. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2019, and concluded that there are no material changes related to the timing or amount of revenue recognition. The Company will disaggregate significant categories of revenue within the scope of the guidance and provide the required disclosures starting in the first quarter of 2019.