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Goodwill and other intangible assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and other intangible assets Goodwill and other intangible assets
The change in the carrying amount of goodwill was as follows:
Years Ended December 31,
202220212020
(in thousands)
Goodwill, beginning of period$845,734 $541,480 $539,818 
Goodwill acquired38,133 311,203 1,662 
Measurement period adjustments (1)
— (477)— 
Foreign currency translation adjustment(26,942)(6,472)— 
Goodwill, end of period$856,925 $845,734 $541,480 
(1) Represents the measurement period adjustments related to the Wandera acquisition. See Note 5 for more information.
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets other than goodwill were as follows:
December 31, 2022
Useful LifeGross ValueAccumulated
Amortization		Net Carrying
Value		Weighted‑
Average
Remaining
Useful Life
(in thousands)
Trademarks
3 - 8 years
$34,649 $22,200 $12,449 2.8 years
Customer relationships
2 ‑ 12 years
249,659 96,973 152,686 7.2 years
Developed technology
5 - 6.5 years
116,881 66,373 50,508 4.7 years
Non‑competes
2 - 3 years
2,864 1,066 1,798 2.3 years
Order backlog
2.5 years
3,518 2,215 1,303 1.0 year
Total intangible assets$407,571 $188,827 $218,744 
December 31, 2021
Useful LifeGross ValueAccumulated
Amortization		Net Carrying
Value		Weighted‑
Average
Remaining
Useful Life
(in thousands)
Trademarks
3 - 8 years
$34,690 $17,788 $16,902 3.8 years
Customer relationships
2 ‑ 12 years
249,495 75,600 173,895 8.3 years
Developed technology
5 - 6.5 years
116,193 47,142 69,051 5.1 years
Non‑competes
2 - 2.5 years
1,797 439 1,358 2.0 years
Order backlog
2.5 years
3,745 758 2,987 2.0 years
Total intangible assets subject to amortization405,920 141,727 264,193 
IPR&DIndefinite400 — 400 
Total intangible assets$406,320 $141,727 $264,593 
The gross value in the tables above includes a cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment of $(11.0) million and $(2.1) million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The accumulated amortization in the table above includes a cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment of $(1.0) million as of December 31, 2022. The cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment for accumulated amortization was not material as of December 31, 2021.
Amortization expense was $48.2 million, $41.3 million, and $33.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
Future estimated amortization expense as of December 31, 2022 is as follows (in thousands):
Years ending December 31:
2023$40,059 
202436,878 
202535,701 
202631,000 
202729,624 
Thereafter45,482 
Total amortization expense$218,744 
The amounts in the table above are estimates. The actual amount of amortization expense may differ from the estimated amount due to additional intangible assets acquired, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, impairment of intangible assets, accelerated amortization of intangible assets, and other events.
There were no impairments to goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. There were no material impairments to intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.