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Nature of the Business
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Nature of the Business Nature of the Business
Surface Oncology, Inc. (the “Company” or “Surface”) is a clinical-stage immuno-oncology company focused on using its specialized knowledge of the biological pathways critical to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (“TME”) for the development of next-generation cancer therapies. Surface was incorporated in April 2014 under the laws of the State of Delaware.
The Company is subject to risks common to early-stage companies in the biotechnology industry including, but not limited to, development by competitors of new technological innovations, protection of proprietary technology, dependence on key personnel, compliance with government regulations and the ability to obtain additional financing to fund operations. Product candidates currently under development will require significant additional research and development efforts, including extensive preclinical and clinical testing and regulatory approval, prior to commercialization. These efforts require significant amounts of additional capital, adequate personnel infrastructure and extensive compliance-reporting capabilities. Even if the Company’s development efforts are successful, it is uncertain when, if ever, the Company will realize significant revenue from product sales.
On May 1, 2019, the Company entered into a Capital on Demand™ Sales Agreement (the “2019 Sales Agreement”) with JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC (“JonesTrading”) to issue and sell shares of the Company’s common stock of up to $30,000 in gross proceeds, from time to time during the term of the a Sales Agreement, through an “at-the-market” equity offering program under which JonesTrading will act as the Company’s agent and/or principal (the “2019 ATM Facility”). The 2019 ATM Facility provides that JonesTrading will be entitled to compensation for its services in an amount of up to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of any shares sold under the 2019 ATM Facility. The Company has no obligation to sell any shares under the 2019 ATM Facility and may, at any time, suspend solicitation and offers under the 2019 Sales Agreement. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has sold 11,229,174 shares under the 2019 ATM Facility for net proceeds of $29,110. As of May 22, 2020, the Company had fully utilized and closed the 2019 ATM Facility.
On May 22, 2020, the Company entered into a Capital on Demand™ Sales Agreement (the “2020 Sales Agreement”) with JonesTrading to issue and sell shares of the Company’s common stock of up to $50,000 in gross proceeds, from time to time during the term of the 2020 Sales Agreement, through an “at-the-market” equity offering program under which JonesTrading will act as the Company’s agent and/or principal (the “2020 ATM Facility”). The 2020 ATM Facility provides that JonesTrading will be entitled to compensation for its services in an amount of up to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of any shares sold under the 2020 ATM Facility. The Company has no obligation to sell any shares under the 2020 ATM Facility and may, at any time, suspend solicitation and offers under the 2020 Sales Agreement. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has sold 2,303,545 shares of common stock at-the-market under the 2020 ATM Facility for net proceeds of $19,479. As of August 5, 2021, the Company had closed the 2020 ATM Facility.
On August 5, 2021, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to Capital on DemandTM Sales Agreement (the “Amended Sales Agreement”) with JonesTrading, which amends the 2020 Sales Agreement to allow the issuance and sale of up to $80,000 in gross proceeds, from time to time during the term of the Amended Sales Agreement, through an “at-the-market” equity offering program under which JonesTrading will act as the Company’s sales agent ("the 2021 ATM Facility"). The 2021 ATM Facility provides that JonesTrading will continue to be entitled to compensation for its services in an amount of up to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of any shares sold under the 2021 ATM Facility. The Company has no obligation to sell any shares under the Amended Sales Agreement and may, at any time, suspend solicitation and offers under the 2021 ATM Facility. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has sold 1,433,627 shares of common stock at-the-market under the 2021 ATM Facility for net proceeds of $10,046.
The Company’s financial statements have been prepared on the basis of continuity of operations, realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the ordinary course of business. The Company has primarily funded its operations with proceeds from private and public sales of its securities, proceeds from a collaboration agreement with Novartis, a license agreement with GSK, and issuance of a debt facility with K2 Health Ventures. The Company has incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations since its inception, including net losses of $78,485 and $54,789 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2019, respectively. The Company earned income of $59,337 for the year ended December 31, 2020, primarily related to revenue recognized under the GSK Agreement. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $140,743 and $62,258, respectively. The Company expects that its operating losses and negative cash flows will continue for the foreseeable future. As of March 2, 2022, the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company expects that its cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund its operating expenses, capital expenditure requirements and debt service obligations for at least the next 12 months. The future viability of the Company beyond that date is dependent on its ability to raise additional capital to finance its operations.
 
The Company will seek additional funding through public financings, debt financings, collaboration agreements, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. The Company may not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, and the Company may not be able to enter into collaborations or other arrangements. The terms of any financing may adversely affect the holdings or the rights of the Company’s stockholders. If the Company is unable to obtain funding, the Company could be required to delay, reduce, or eliminate research and development programs, product portfolio expansion, or future commercialization efforts, which could adversely affect its business prospects.
Although management continues to pursue these plans, there is no assurance that the Company will be successful in obtaining sufficient funding on terms acceptable to the Company to fund continuing operations, if at all.
The ongoing global outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) has resulted in significant governmental measures being implemented to control the spread of the virus and while the Company cannot predict their scope or the severity of the outbreak, these developments and measures could materially and adversely affect the Company's business, the Company's results of operations and financial condition. The Company is closely monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of its business and has taken steps to minimize its impact on the Company's business. Although COVID-19 has not had a material adverse impact on the Company's operations and its clinical and preclinical programs, the extent to which COVID-19 ultimately impacts the Company's business, results of operations or financial condition will depend on future developments which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, such as the duration of the outbreak, new information that may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19 or the effectiveness of actions taken to contain the pandemic or mitigate its impact, among others. Certain of the Company's third-party service providers have experienced shutdowns or other business disruptions. As a result, the Company's ability to conduct its business in the manner and on the timelines presently planned could be materially or negatively affected, which could have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition.