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Stock-Based Compensation
9 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Stock-Based Compensation
The 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”) was approved by the Company’s stockholders on February 11, 2020. The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), to employees, and for the grant of nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance units, and performance shares to employees, directors and consultants.
Subject to the adjustment provisions of the 2020 Plan and the automatic annual increase described below, the maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the 2020 Plan is 5,050,000
shares, which includes (i) 2,588,077 shares initially reserved for issuance, plus (ii) any shares of the Company’s common stock subject to issued and outstanding awards under the Transphorm Technology 2007 Stock Plan or the Transphorm Technology 2015 Equity Incentive Plan that, on or after February 12, 2020, expire or otherwise terminate without having been exercised or issued in full, are tendered to or withheld by the Company for payment of an exercise price or for tax withholding obligations, or are forfeited to or repurchased by the Company due to failure to vest, with the maximum number of shares to be added to the 2020 Plan pursuant to this clause (ii) equal to 2,461,923 shares.
Subject to the adjustment provisions of the 2020 Plan, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan will also include an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year beginning with the Company’s 2022 fiscal year and ending on (and including) the Company’s 2030 fiscal year, in an amount equal to the least of: (i) 5,000,000 shares of common stock; (ii) five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year; or (iii) such number of shares of common stock as the administrator of the 2020 Plan may determine. On April 1, 2022, 2,668,965 shares were added to the 2020 Plan pursuant to such automatic annual increase provision.
As of December 31, 2022, there were 2,929,485 stock options outstanding, 1,018,478 RSUs outstanding and 5,144,788 shares available for grant under the 2020 Plan.
Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity and related information for the periods presented:
Number of OptionsWeighted Average Exercise Price per ShareWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
(in Years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(1)
(in thousands)
Outstanding at October 1, 20223,045,662 $4.89 5.80$1,783 
Options granted87,803 4.77 
Options exercised(154,904)4.22 
Options canceled(49,076)5.25 
Outstanding at December 31, 20222,929,485 4.92 5.762,608 
Exercisable at December 31, 20222,221,319 4.62 4.702,342 
Outstanding at October 1, 20212,506,531 $4.77 5.67$590 
Options granted473,077 6.52 
Options exercised— — 
Options canceled(21,704)9.32 
Outstanding at December 31, 20212,957,904 5.02 6.149,218 
Exercisable at December 31, 20212,227,540 4.61 5.007,958 
(1) Intrinsic value represents the excess of the fair value on the last day of the period (which was $5.44 and $8.00 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively) over the exercise price, multiplied by the number of options.
Number of OptionsWeighted Average Exercise Price per ShareWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
(in Years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(1)
(in thousands)
Outstanding at April 1, 20222,879,008 $4.88 6.02$6,747 
Options granted281,712 5.09 
Options exercised(168,326)4.22 
Options canceled(62,909)5.75 
Outstanding at December 31, 20222,929,485 4.92 5.762,608 
Exercisable at December 31, 20222,221,319 4.62 4.702,342 
Outstanding at April 1, 20212,543,125 $4.82 6.05$ 
Options granted528,077 6.31 
Options exercised(31,925)4.21 
Options canceled(81,373)7.46 
Outstanding at December 31, 20212,957,904 5.02 6.149,218 
Exercisable at December 31, 20212,227,540 4.61 5.007,958 
(1) Intrinsic value represents the excess of the fair value on the last day of the period (which was $5.44 and $8.00 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively) over the exercise price, multiplied by the number of options.
Stock-based compensation expense is determined based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock as determined by the Board of Directors and assumptions such as volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rates, and other factors. Changes in the deemed fair value of the common stock, the underlying assumptions in the calculations, the number of options granted or the terms of such options, the expected forfeiture rate, the treatment of tax benefits and other changes may result in significant differences in the amounts or timing of the compensation expense recognized.

The assumptions used to value options granted to employees during the periods presented were as follows:

Three Months Ended
December 31,
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
2022202120222021
Weighted average expected life (in years)5.665.585.685.88
Risk-free interest rate
3.73% - 3.75%
1.32%
3.12% - 3.75%
1.30%
Expected volatility
45.91% - 47.20%
42.65%
42.49% - 47.20%
42.77%
Grant date fair market value$4.77$6.55
$4.77 - $5.24
$6.34
Grant date fair value
$2.21- $2.30
$3.11
$2.21 - $3.01
$2.99
Dividend yield—%—%—%—%
Option Modifications
During the three months ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized $0.3 million in incremental compensation cost as a result of an amendment to a former employee’s option agreements to allow for an extended post termination exercise period.
Restricted Stock Units
During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company granted 35,000 RSUs, 25 percent of which are scheduled to vest after one year and the remainder of which are scheduled to vest in equal quarterly installments over the next three years, in each case subject to the RSU holders’ continued status as a service provider to the Company through each vesting date. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company granted 164,440 RSUs that are scheduled to vest within four years, in each case subject to the RSU holders’ continued status as a service provider to the Company through each vesting date. During the three months ended December 31, 2022, the Company granted 75,250 RSUs that are scheduled to vest annually over three years, in each case subject to the RSU holders’ continued status as a service provider to the Company through each vesting date.

The following table summarizes RSU activity and related information for the periods presented:
December 31, 2022
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Number of SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per ShareNumber of SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Balance at beginning of period1,027,754 $4.96 954,775 $4.61 
Granted75,250 4.77 239,690 5.09 
Vested(80,551)7.17 (115,731)6.31 
Canceled(3,975)4.04 (60,256)3.98 
Balance at end of period1,018,478 4.77 1,018,478 4.77 

December 31, 2021
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Number of SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per ShareNumber of SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Balance at beginning of period951,637 $3.96 935,397 $3.96 
Granted307,640 6.60 342,640 6.31 
Vested(9,750)3.75 (12,750)3.75 
Canceled(1,520)3.85 (17,280)3.97 
Balance at end of period1,248,007 4.61 1,248,007 4.61 
On December 16, 2022 the Board approved $0.5 million worth of RSU grants for which shares were to be determined on January 1, 2023 and which shall vest on January 1, 2024. On January 1, 2023, the total number of RSU awards under this grant was determined to be 93,895.
Stock-Based Compensation

The accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations includes stock-based compensation expense for the periods presented as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
2022202120222021
Cost of revenue$88 $52 $180 $118 
Research and development410 145 365 383 
Sales and marketing62 88 171 159 
General and administrative563 563 1,626 1,196 
Total$1,123 $848 $2,342 $1,856 
Unrecognized Stock-Based Compensation

Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense as of dates presented was as follows (in thousands, except years):
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Unrecognized ExpenseAverage Expected Recognition Period (in years)Unrecognized ExpenseAverage Expected Recognition Period (in years)
Stock options$1,553 1.17$1,531 2.23
Restricted stock1,979 1.593,117 1.74
Total$3,532 1.41$4,648 1.90