Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Liquidity

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. The financial information as of March 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 is unaudited, but in the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for these interim periods have been included.  The condensed consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2021 was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. The results of the Company’s operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or any future year or period.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  

In accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), the Company has evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the consolidated financial statements are issued. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company incurred a net loss of $8.1 million, and as of March 31, 2022, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $113.2 million. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company used $7.4 million and $0.9 million of cash in operating and financing activities, respectively, and expects to continue to incur cash outflows for the remainder of the year. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the Company’s commercialization and development efforts, the Company is unable to predict when it will become profitable, and it may never become profitable. The Company’s inability to achieve and then maintain profitability would negatively affect its business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

In order to mitigate the current and potential future liquidity issues caused by the matters noted above, the Company may seek to raise capital through the issuance of common stock, either refinance or restructure its Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility (as such terms are defined, and further described, in Note 6), restructure its Revenue Interest Obligation (as such term is defined, and further described, in Note 7), or pursue asset sale transactions.  However, such transactions may not be successful and the Company may not be able to raise additional equity, refinance or restructure its debt instruments, or sell assets on acceptable terms, or at all. As such, based on its current operating plans, the Company believes there is uncertainty as to whether its future cash flows along with its existing cash, availability under

the Revolving Credit Facility and cash generated from expected future sales will be sufficient to meet the Company’s anticipated operating needs through twelve months from the financial statement issuance date. Due to these factors, there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the issuance of the financial statements.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. That is, the accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets, and satisfaction of liabilities in the ordinary course of business.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates and assumptions relating to inventory, receivables, long-lived assets, the valuation of stock-based awards, the valuation of the revenue interest obligation and deferred income taxes are made at the end of each financial reporting period by management. Management continually re-evaluates its estimates, judgments and assumptions, and management's evaluation could change. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Impact of COVID-19

The Company continues to closely monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its business. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic and recommended various containment and mitigation measures worldwide. Since that time, the number of procedures performed using the Company's products has intermittently decreased, as governmental authorities in the United States have recommended, and in certain cases required, that elective, specialty and other non-emergency procedures and appointments be suspended or canceled in order to avoid patient exposure to medical environments and the risk of potential infection with COVID-19, and to focus limited resources and personnel capacity on the treatment of COVID-19 patients. As a result, beginning in March 2020, a significant number of procedures using the Company's products have intermittently been postponed or cancelled, which has negatively impacted sales of its products. These measures and challenges will likely continue for the duration of the pandemic, which is uncertain, and may reduce the Company's net sales in the future and negatively impact its business, financial condition and results of operations while the pandemic continues.

Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Our common stock has a dual class structure, consisting of Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Other than voting rights, the Class B common stock has the same rights as the Class A common stock, and therefore both are treated as the same class of stock for purposes of the earnings per share calculation. Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares outstanding during the period. For purposes of the diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders calculation, stock options and restricted stock units are considered to be common stock equivalents. All common stock equivalents have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, as their effect would be anti-dilutive for all periods presented. Therefore, basic and diluted net loss per share were the same for both periods presented.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value:

Level 1 - Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 - Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment.

The estimated fair value of financial instruments disclosed in the financial statements has been determined by using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. The carrying value of all current assets and current liabilities approximates fair value because of their short-term nature.

Cash and Restricted Cash

The Company maintains its cash balances at banks and financial institutions. The balances are insured up to the legal limit. The Company maintains cash balances that may, at times, exceed this insured limit.

Under the provisions of the Revolving Credit Facility (see Note 6), the Company has a lockbox arrangement with the banking institution whereby daily lockbox receipts are contractually utilized to pay down outstanding balances on the Revolving Credit Facility debt. Lockbox receipts that have not yet been applied to the Revolving Credit Facility are classified as restricted cash in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.  The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and restricted cash included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the amounts included in the statements of cash flows (in thousands).

	March 31,
	2022		2021
Cash	$	22,066	$	30,410
Restricted cash		109		91
Total cash and restricted cash shown in statements of cash flows	$	22,175	$	30,501

Accounts Receivable and Allowances

Accounts receivable in the accompanying balance sheets are presented net of allowances for doubtful accounts and other credits. The Company grants credit to customers in the normal course of business, but generally does not require collateral or any other security to support its receivables.

The Company evaluates the collectability of accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where a specific customer is unable to meet its financial obligations to the Company, a provision to the allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount that is reasonably expected to be collected. For all other customers, a provision to the allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded based on factors including the length of time the receivables are past due, the current business environment and the Company’s historical experience. Provisions to the allowance for doubtful accounts are recorded to general and administrative expenses. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when it is probable that the receivable will not be recovered.

Inventory

Inventory, consisting of purchased materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead, is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined generally using the average cost method. Inventory write-downs for unprocessed and certain processed donor tissue are recorded based on the estimated amount of inventory that will not pass the quality control process based on historical data. At each balance sheet date, the Company also evaluates inventory for excess quantities, obsolescence or shelf life expiration. This evaluation includes analysis of the Company’s current and future strategic plans, historical sales levels by product, projections of future demand, the risk of technological or competitive obsolescence for products, general market conditions and a review of the shelf life expiration dates for products. To the extent that management determines there is excess or obsolete inventory or quantities with a shelf life

that is too near its expiration for the Company to reasonably expect that it can sell those products prior to their expiration, the Company adjusts the carrying value to estimated net realizable value.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the assets:

Processing and research equipment	5 to 10 years
Office equipment and furniture	3 to 5 years
Computer hardware and software	3 years

Leasehold improvements are amortized on the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset.

Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

Long-Lived Assets

Purchased intangible assets with finite lives are carried at acquired fair value, less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets.

The Company periodically evaluates the period of depreciation or amortization for long-lived assets to determine whether current circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives. The Company reviews its property and equipment and intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment exists when the carrying value of the company’s asset exceeds the related estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be derived from the asset. If impairment exists, the carrying value of that asset is adjusted to its fair value. A discounted cash flow analysis is used to estimate an asset’s fair value, using assumptions that market participants would apply. The results of impairment tests are subject to management’s estimates and assumptions of projected cash flows and operating results. Changes in assumptions or market conditions could result in a change in estimated future cash flows and could result in a lower fair value and therefore an impairment, which could impact reported results. There were no impairment losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 or 2021.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is generated from contracts with customers in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606. The core principle of ASC 606 is that the Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASC 606 revenue recognition model consists of the following five steps: (1) identify the contracts with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

As noted above, the Company enters into contracts to primarily sell and distribute products to healthcare providers or commercial partners, or are produced and sold under contract manufacturing arrangements with corporate customers which are billed under ship and bill contract terms. Revenue is recognized when the Company has met its performance obligations pursuant to its contracts with its customers in an amount that the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for the transfer of control of the products to the Company’s customers. For all product sales, the Company has no further performance obligations and revenue is recognized at the point control transfers which occurs either when: (i) the product is shipped via common carrier; or (ii) the product is delivered to the customer or distributor, in accordance with the terms of the agreement.

A portion of the Company’s product revenue is generated from consigned inventory maintained at hospitals and from inventory physically held by direct sales representatives. For these types of product sales, the Company retains control until the product has been used or implanted, at which time revenue is recognized.

The Company elected to account for shipping and handling activities as a fulfillment cost rather than a separate performance obligation. Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are included as part of the transaction price and recognized as revenue when control of the underlying products is transferred to the customer. The related shipping and freight charges incurred by the Company are included in sales and marketing costs.

Contracts with customers state the final terms of the sale, including the description, quantity, and price of each implant distributed. The payment terms and conditions in the Company’s contracts vary; however, as a common business practice, payment terms are typically due in full within 30 to 60 days of delivery. The Company, at times, extends volume discounts to customers.

The Company permits returns of its products in accordance with the terms of contractual agreements with customers. Allowances for returns are provided based upon analysis of the Company’s historical patterns of returns matched against the revenues from which they originated. The Company records estimated returns as a reduction of revenue in the same period revenue is recognized.

Deferred Rent

The Company recognizes rent expense by the straight-line method over the lease term. Funds received from the lessor used to reimburse the Company for the cost of leasehold improvements are recorded as a deferred credit resulting from a lease incentive and are amortized over the lease term as a reduction of rent expense.

Stock-Based Compensation Plans

The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation plans in accordance with FASB ASC 718, Accounting for Stock Compensation. FASB ASC 718 requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based awards made to employees and directors, including employee stock options and restricted stock. Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the entire award.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs, which include mainly salaries, outside services and supplies, are expensed as incurred.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash. At March 31, 2022, the Company maintained $22.1 million in bank deposit accounts that are in excess of the $0.25 million insurance provided by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in one federally insured financial institution. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Significant Customers

The Company sells certain of its products under large contract manufacturing or distribution arrangements. The following table presents percentage of total revenues derived from the Company’s largest customers as well as their respective percentage of total accounts receivable:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022	2021
Percent of revenues derived from:
Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA	-	22%
Surgalign Holdings	10%	10%

	March 31,	December 31,
	2022	2021
Percent of accounts receivable derived from:
Surgalign Holdings	11%	12%

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) comprises net income (loss) and other changes in equity that are excluded from net income (loss). For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s net loss equaled its comprehensive loss and accordingly, no additional disclosure is presented.

Income Taxes

The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recorded to reflect the tax consequences on future years for differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts that are more likely than not to be realized.

The Company is subject to income taxes in the federal and state jurisdictions. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. In accordance with the authoritative guidance on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, the Company recognizes tax liabilities for uncertain tax positions when it is more likely than not that a tax position will not be sustained upon examination and settlement with various taxing authorities. Liabilities for uncertain tax positions are measured based upon the largest amount of benefit that is more likely than not (greater than 50%) of being realized upon settlement. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.